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Ferghana Valley Water Resources Management PHASE-II Project Social Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized The Ministry of Agriculture and Water resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan The World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized December 2007 (version 01) June, 2015 Public Disclosure Authorized Acknowledgements TEMELSU International Engineering Services Inc. wishes to thank all the people and organizations that provided information necessary for the preparation of this report. We are deeply grateful to the specialists of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan, regional and district khokimiyats, Basin Authorities of Water Resources, WCAs, bodies of self-governance of citizens, farmers and dehkans of the subproject areas for the support in conducting the survey. Social Assessment Report Ferghana Valley Water Resources Management Project – Phase II, Uzbekistan CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ I CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION: OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY OF SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ........................... 1 A. OBJECTIVES OF THE INVESTMENT PROJECT COVERED BY THE SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ................................ 1 B. METHODOLOGY OF THE SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................ 4 1. Objectives of the Social Assessment ............................................................................................................ 4 2. Methods and instruments used in social assessment .................................................................................. 6 CHAPTER II. THE MAIN STAKEHOLDERS AND BENEFICIARIES OF THE PROJECT .......................................... 10 1. State organizations of the Agriculture and Water Resources sector ..................................................... 10 2. Governmental organizations in charge of land acquisition and compensations ....................................... 12 3. Other governmental organizations ............................................................................................................ 13 4. Self-financing enterprises - potential participants of design and construction works .......................... 14 5. Non-governmental organizations, including those related to land and water use ............................... 15 CHAPTER III. BASIC INFORMATION ON DISTRICTS WITHIN THE SUBPROJECT AREAS ................................. 17 A. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF SUBPROJECT TERRITORIES: CLIMATE, WATER RESOURCES, KEY ISSUES OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE .................................................................................................................... 18 1. The Podshaota-Chodak subproject area .................................................................................................... 18 2. The Isfayram-Shakhimardan subproject area ............................................................................................ 19 3. The Savay-Akburasay subproject area ........................................................................................................ 21 B. THE POPULATION IN THE SUBPROJECT AREAS ...................................................................................... 23 1. The population of the Podshaota-Chodak subproject area ................................................................... 24 2. The population of the Isfayram-Shakhimardan subproject area ............................................................... 26 3. The population of the Savay-Akburasay subproject area .......................................................................... 28 C. KEY INDICATORS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE SUBPROJECT AREAS (ACCORDING TO OFFICIAL STATISTICS) ............................................................................................................................... 30 1. The demographic situation in the Project administrative districts ............................................................ 30 2. Employment and income ............................................................................................................................ 31 3. Access to public utilities .............................................................................................................................. 35 4. Health and education indicators ................................................................................................................ 37 5. Macroeconomic indicators ......................................................................................................................... 38 6. Agriculture in the subproject areas ............................................................................................................ 41 CHAPTER IV. FINDINGS OF SOCIAL ASSESSMENT ...................................................................................... 46 А. BASIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PROJECT BENEFICIARIES ........................................................................... 46 1. Demographic Profile of Households ........................................................................................................... 46 2. Education and Employment ....................................................................................................................... 46 3. Households Incomes and Expenditure. Identification of Poor Households. .............................................. 49 Social Assessment Report Ferghana Valley Water Resources Management Project – Phase II, Uzbekistan 4. Vulnerable groups in the subproject areas ................................................................................................ 55 5. Access to public utilities. The shortage of irrigation and potable water. ................................................... 56 6. Gender issues .............................................................................................................................................. 59 В. AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY OF HOUSEHOLDS IN THE SUBPROJECT AREAS ............................................... 63 1. The number of private and dehkan farms in the subproject areas: Access to land. ................................. 63 2. Dehkan farms: the profile and major issues in the sphere of crop and livestock production ................... 65 3. Specialization and incomes of the surveyed private farms. ....................................................................... 68 4. Employment on private farms. The mechanization of cotton harvesting. ................................................ 70 5. The shortage of irrigation water, the quality of agricultural land, and factors affecting the land quality 73 6. Socio-economic consequences of the lack of irrigation water and the poor condition of IDS .................. 87 7. Conflict and cooperation in the field of water consumption. Strategies for coping .................................. 93 C. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK .............................................................................................................. 97 1. The Role of the State .................................................................................................................................. 97 2. The role of the WCA.................................................................................................................................... 97 А. STAKEHOLDER AWARENESS ............................................................................................................... 108 В. PROJECT IMPACTS ON THE LIVING STANDARDS ................................................................................. 110 С. PROJECT RISKS ................................................................................................................................... 115 CHAPTER VI. SUMMARY AND IMPLICATIONS OF SOCIAL ASSESSMENT FINDINGS FOR PROJECT DESIGN . 121 A. The urgency and relevance of the Project .......................................................................................... 121 B. Sustainability of the Project ............................................................................................................... 121 C. Recommendations for the planning and implementation of the Project components ......................... 123 CHAPTER VII. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PLAN ........................................................................................... 128 CHAPTER VIII. MONITORING AND EVALUATION OF THE PROJECT ........................................................... 133 APPENDIX 1. THE MAIN TASKS CARRIED OUT BY THE SOCIAL ASSESSMENT TEAM .................................. 138 APPENDIX 2. CONSULTING WORKSHOPS OF INTERESTED PARTIES – PROGRAM AND LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ....................................................................................................................................... 140 APPENDIX 3. QUESTIONNAIRE FOR HOUSEHOLDS AND FARMS .............................................................. 151 Social Assessment Report Ferghana Valley Water Resources Management Project – Phase II, Uzbekistan List of Tables Table 1. The components of FVWRMP-II Project ................................................................................ 1 Table 2. Project activities under Component A «Improving irrigation infrastructure" ...................... 3 Table 3. Estimated costs of the Project activities ...............................................................................