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Strategic Development Plan (SDP) for Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report

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Strategic Development Plan (SDP) for Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report Strategic Development Plan (SDP) for Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report ANNEXURE – 1: ECOLOGICAL IMPACT STUDY Section - 9: Conclusions and Recommendations 237 Ecological Impact Study STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT PLAN (SDP) FOR RAVI RIVERFRONT URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT January-2021 Strategic Development Plan (SDP) for Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project Ecological Impact Study TABLE OF CONTANTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................................................... 1 SECTION - 1: INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives of the Ecological Impact Assessment Study ...... 1 1.2 Methodology to conduct Ecological Impact Assessment... 1 1.3 Legislation and Guidelines ..................................................... 1 1.4 Study Team .............................................................................. 3 SECTION - 2: OBSERVATIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS................................................. 1 2.1 Section-1 Ecological Baseline Study of the project .............. 1 2.1.1 Project Study Area................................................................... 1 2.1.2 Steps in Ecological baseline study ......................................... 2 2.2 Section-2 Ecological Mapping of the Study Area .............. 51 2.3 Section-3 Assessment of Ecological Impacts from the Development in the project area ........................................ 53 2.3.1 Construction impacts ............................................................ 53 2.3.2 Operational impacts ............................................................. 58 2.4 Section –4 Mitigation Measures ............................................ 62 2.4.1 Impact avoiding/minimizing ................................................. 62 2.4.2 Restoration and Compensation ........................................... 63 SECTION - 3: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS .......................................... 65 Table of Contants TOC-I Strategic Development Plan (SDP) for Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project Ecological Impact Study APPENDICES: Appendix-1: Appendices of CITES ................................................................................. 68 Appendix-2: Punjab Wildlife Act (amendments) 2007 ................................................. 71 Appendix 3: List of plant species recommended to be planted on riverbank.......... 76 Appendix 4: List of trees for buffer zones and roadside ............................................... 81 Appendix 5: List of Palms, Gymnosperms, shrubs and ferns for Parks and Gardens .. 83 Appendices: TOC-II Strategic Development Plan (SDP) for Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project Ecological Impact Study LIST OF TABLES: Table 1-1: Ecology Study Team .................................................................................... 3 Table 2-1: GIS based estimated existing landuses with their areas within the project site. ................................................................................................... 2 Table 2-2: Criteria used for evaluating a site/habitat. ............................................... 3 Table 2-3: Criteria for evaluating species found within a habitat ............................. 4 Table 2-4: Evaluating the significance of an ecological impact. ............................. 4 Table 2-5: Details of the forest areas within the project boundary. .......................... 5 Table 2-6: Evaluation of forests in the Project area .................................................. 10 Table 2-7: Evaluation of low-lying grassland in the Project area ............................ 11 Table 2-8: Evaluation of Agricultural fields in the Project area ................................ 12 Table 2-9: Evaluation of orchards in the Project area .............................................. 13 Table 2-10: Evaluation of ponds in the Project area. ................................................. 14 Table 2-11: Evaluation of River in the Project area .................................................... 15 Table 2-12: Evaluation of Islands in the Project area ................................................. 16 Table 2-13: Evaluation of wastelands in the Project area ......................................... 17 Table 2-14: List of plant species collected from ponds and river in the project area. .................................................................................................................... 18 Table 2-15: List of plant species collected from different habitats in the project area. ........................................................................................................... 19 Table 2-16: Status of plant species recorded within the study area ......................... 31 Table 2-17: List of mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians of the project area ... 34 Table 2-18: Species richness of fauna and flora of the habitat types in the study area. ........................................................................................................... 39 Table 2-19: List of insect species identified in different habitats................................ 40 Table 2-20: List of zooplanktons and protoctists found in the ponds and river of the study area .................................................................................................. 42 Table 2-21: List of the fish species found in the river Ravi. .......................................... 43 Table 2-22: Status of Mammals Species recorded within the Study Area ................ 50 Table 2-23: Status of Amphibian Species recorded within the Study Area .............. 50 Table 2-24: Status of Reptile Species recorded within the Study Area. .................... 50 Table 2-25: Status of Birds Species recorded within the Study Area ......................... 51 List of Tables: TOC-III Strategic Development Plan (SDP) for Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project Ecological Impact Study Table 2-26: Human Impacts on River Ecosystem. ....................................................... 53 Table 2-27: In-depth Impacts of Riverfront Development on Ecological Resources of the River Ravi ......................................................................................... 61 Table 3-1: Visiting season of the migratory birds found at the project site............. 66 List of Tables: TOC-IV Strategic Development Plan (SDP) for Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project Ecological Impact Study LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2-1: Map of the Project area showing the locations of ecological study sites ...................................................................................................................... 1 Figure 2-2: GIS based estimation of the forest areas in the project ........................... 7 Figure 2-3: GIS based estimation of the forest areas affected by channel widening of River Ravi after development. ............................................................... 9 Figure 2-4 (a): Birds of the study area ......................................................................... 44 Figure 2-5 (b): Birds of the study area ......................................................................... 45 Figure 2-6 (c): Birds of the study area ......................................................................... 46 Figure 2-7 (d): Birds of the study area ......................................................................... 47 Figure 2-8: Mammals of the studuy area ................................................................... 48 Figure 2-9: Reptiles and Amphibians of the study area ............................................ 49 Figure 2-10: Biodiversity map of the protected species and their linkage with their habitats....................................................................................................... 52 Figure 2-11: Simplified Food web in the Project Area. ................................................ 52 Figure 2-12: Ecological and astronomical light pollution (Longcore and Rich 2004). .................................................................................................................... 60 Figure 3-1: Fixtures that enhance and reduce light pollution .................................. 69 Figure 3-2: Proper installation of fixtures can save energy and reduce light pollution http://physics.fau.edu/observatory/lightpol-prevent.html .... 70 Figure 3-3: Kites diving to get sacrificial meat at Shahdara Bridge. ........................ 71 Figure 3-4: People selling and buying sacrificial meat at Shahdara Bridge. .......... 71 Figure 3-5A: Spotlight on building height and bird migration (San Francisco Planning Department 2011) ...................................................................... 73 Figure 3-6B: Portion of the buildings most susceptible to bird strikes. (San Francisco Planning Department 2011) ...................................................................... 74 Figure 3-7: Bird scaring devices (a) spikes, (b) flex track, (c) net ............................. 75 List of Figures TOC-V Strategic Development Plan (SDP) for Ravi Riverfront Urban Development Project Ecological Impact Study LIST OF PLATES: Plate – 1A: Prosopis glandulosa invasion at Shahdara reserve forest. ....................... 1 Plate - 1B: Livestock in the Mohlanwal forest .............................................................. 1 Plate - 2A: Thick understory and herbaceous cover in Bhaini Forest. .......................
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