SUMP TIRANA:
LIMITED PUBLIC INPUT ON MEASURES
REPORT BY SEE CHANGE NET & EDEN CENTER
2020
1
This report is part of the activities of SEE Change Net and EDEN Center within the development process of a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) for the City of Tirana. This takes place as part of the regional project “Sustainable Urban Mobility in SEE Countries II” (SUMSEEC II) under the Open Regional Fund for South-East Europe – Energy Efficiency (ORF-EE). The project is implemented by GIZ and funded by the German Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ).
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) License. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by- nc-sa/4.0/.
2 Table of Contents
1 Introduction ...... 4
2 Methodological Approach ...... 5
3 Results ...... 7
4 Annex ...... 12
3 1 Introduction The City of Tirana is currently in the process of developing its first Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP). A SUMP is a strategic plan designed to satisfy the mobility needs of people and businesses in cities and their surroundings for a better quality of life. The SUMP Tirana is guided by the following vision for the city in 2030:
"A smart Tirana, responding to community needs as a liveable, clean, healthy, attractive city, offering innovative, multi-modal and wide-ranging mobility, available, affordable and equal for everyone."
A key element of the SUMP development is the involvement of the public in the planning process. SEE Change Net and EDEN Center support this process through different activities like a Visioning Workshop with key stakeholders (September 30th 2019, Tirana Hotel International) and a representative Attitudinal Survey with citizens in December 2019, implemented by Ipsos1. Complementary to these activities and to the comprehensive analysis of the technical consultant team TRT, a series of Focus Groups was planned in March 2020 to collect public input from employees of the transport sector and transport users regarding desired measures for sustainable mobility. Due to the lockdown in Tirana during the COVID- 19 pandemic, these Focus Groups had to be cancelled. Instead, an online questionnaire was developed to gather limited input from these target groups. The results are summarised in this report. However, they are not representative of the overall public opinion and do not necessarily reflect the position of any of the project partners.
The SUMP development in Tirana takes place as part of the project “Sustainable Urban Mobility in South-East European Countries II” (SUMSEEC II) under the Open Regional Fund for South-East Europe - Energy Efficiency (ORF-EE). The project is implemented by GIZ and financed by the German Government.
1 Full reports can be found here: http://seechangenetwork.org/sustainable-urban-mobility-plans-sumps/
4 2 Methodological Approach
Original Concept: Focus Groups As part of the development of Tirana’s first Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP), a series of five Focus Groups was planned for March 10th and 11th, 2020 at the premises of the Municipality of Tirana. To each session, 8-12 participants from the following groups were invited: Bus drivers, taxi drivers, ambulance drivers, traffic police, transport users. Each session was scheduled to last 90 minutes and was intended to give the participants the opportunity to freely share their thoughts in in-depth, semi-structured discussions guided by a professional facilitator. The discussion was supposed to center around the most pressing transportation issues in Tirana and - most importantly - the ideas of the participants how to solve the identified problems. Focus Groups are a well-established qualitative research method, which collects data on the personal opinions of the participants based on their professional and/or practical experience. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Albanian Government announced on March 9th the cancellation of all public events, which also affected the planned Focus Groups.
Alternative Concept: Online Questionnaire Because it was not possible to complete the Focus Groups as planned, an online questionnaire was implemented using the SurveyMonkey platform (active April 9th - 27th, 2020). In comparison to an online workshop/focus groups in a video conference format, this tool is considered to have a low barrier for participation and only requires a short time investment of participants.
Pedestrians/cyclists/public transport users, bus drivers, and taxi drivers were kept as target groups. Because of the pandemic it would have been especially difficult to reach traffic police and ambulance drivers. For that reason, they were left out from the questionnaire and “replaced” by students and environmental civil society organisations. Each group received three brief questions centering around the key transportation challenges in Tirana and the most important measures to solve these issues. A skip logic was applied to the online questionnaire, so each participant would respond to specific questions for their target group. The full questionnaire can be found in the Annex.
Special challenges that led to a limited impact of this activity: ● Due to the unprecedented circumstances of the COVID-19 pandemic, the citizens of Tirana were preoccupied primarily with the health of their families, potential loss of employment, lack of childcare, and the lockdown of the city, meaning also the stop of any public or private transport. Understandably, this led to a reduced capacity for participating in the questionnaire. ● For these reasons, not all original Focus Group participants could be reached. SEE Change Net and EDEN Center made a significant effort to arrange individual phone calls with the taxi drivers and bus drivers to conduct short interviews. But despite close cooperation with the Municipality (office of Enton Punavija, Transport and Mobility Directory) and continued exchange with taxi and bus companies, it was not possible to proceed as planned. ● Because participants were only asked three short, open-ended questions, the quality of their input is considerably lower compared to 90 minutes, in-depth, in-person
5 discussions in a group setting. Participants were asked in the survey to provide examples from their personal or professional experiences, but often only sent very brief responses, if any.
To sum up, this questionnaire reflects an attempt to receive some public input on the SUMP measures, but cannot be considered full public participation.
6 3 Results
Respondents In total, 69 persons accessed the questionnaire:
However, of those respondents only 57% answered the questions completely and thus can be taken into consideration for the following summary. The bullet points summarise the received comments, illustrated by some direct quotes. (The complete answers of all respondents can be found in the Annex.)
Identified Key Transportation Problems “Tirana’s roads are a mess Negative Impact of Car Traffic in terms of transport.” ● Too high car ownership rate among the population. ● Excessive car traffic, congestion, and delays (especially during peak hours). ○ Example for spots with the most traffic: Zogu I Zi; 21 Dhjetori; the new ring road; the road near the municipality. ● Environmental impact of traffic, such as high air pollution and noise pollution. ● Problematic driver behaviour (cars stop at inappropriate places and block the traffic, non-compliance with dedicated traffic lanes, cars drive through traffic lights, etc.) and lack of proper enforcement of traffic rules. ● Organisation of traffic lanes does not meet the needs: ○ “There is no special lane for buses or ambulances, plus many roads start with two lanes and end with 1 and 1/2).” ○ “All over the world, roundabouts help prevent traffic jams, while only in Albania they are sources of traffic.“ ● Lack of parking. ● Narrow roads. ● Lack of overpasses and roundabouts. ● Unintegrated road network.
7 Low-Quality Public Transport ● Lack of efficient, high-quality public transport: ○ “I think the problem with transport in Tirana is the lack of a public transport system. Even in areas where there is public transport, such as Tirana e Re, it is insufficient for the amount of passengers. This leads to the use of personal cars, which leads to traffic congestion!” ● Highly polluting buses: ○ “Almost all buses in Tirana emit black smoke and cyclists suffer the most from this.” ● Lack of dedicated lanes for public transport. ● Insufficient access to schedules. ○ „Especially comparing Tirana with other capitals (also in the Balkans), the main issue is the lack of accessible, understandable and logical schedules. There are no coherent maps, [...] there are only buses and even they are not included in the maps on Google as the schedule is always changing, and there is no other system. For people in Tirana who want to travel to different places, and for foreigners/ tourists alike, public transport is more of a concern than a relief.” ● Buses move too slow and have delays: ○ “The bus never arrives on time.” ○ “On the bus route I use most often, the one of Lapraka, you have to wait because of delays, sometimes even more than 20 or 25 minutes.” ● Bus fleet is too small, which leads to a low frequency and overcrowded buses. ○ Sometime, especially during peak hours in the morning, not everyone fits on the buses. ○ Concern about violation of personal space: “I believe there is no need to give examples as each of us has at least one bad experience in mind.“ ● Lack of hygiene and public health risks: ○ Insufficient cleanliness. ○ Lack of air conditioning leads to a “heavy urban scent”. ○ “In terms of urban transport, buses are overcrowded, making the conditions of hygiene scandalous (and I think that after this pandemic, urban transport will be the cause for new cases).” ● Problems caused by lack of road infrastructure. ● Ticketing system. ● Behavior of some bus drivers: ○ “Some of the drivers have no way of communication at all, I even happened to be in a quarrel where the driver offended a girl unjustly... The bus drivers also close the doors irresponsibly, stepping on the feet, heads, arms, and legs of passengers.“
Challenging Conditions for Cycling ● Danger through excessive car traffic and dangerous driving behaviour (see above). ● Lack of a complete and well-planned network of bike lanes, which is well integrated in the current and future road network. ● Only a few major roads have bike lanes, which makes biking in the city difficult. ● Risk of accidents when bike lanes are placed on the sidewalks. ● Disrespect of bike lanes by cars, motorcycles, pedestrians. ● Not all cyclists respect traffic lights, traffic rules, etc.
8
Dangers for Pedestrians ● Danger through excessive car traffic and dangerous driving behaviour (see above). ● Lack of sidewalks. ● Not all pedestrians obey traffic rules.
Suggested Solutions “People need to change.” Reduction of Car Traffic ● Stricter enforcement of traffic rules and higher penalties for offenses. ○ Drivers who drive in a dangerous manner “must be punished hard and the situation will change immediately; otherwise regular citizens, seeing their non-punishment, will commit violations out of anger”. ● “Finding mechanisms to discourage the use of private vehicles“; cultural change where public transport and active transportation are prioritised over driving. ● Restrict circulation of certain car types during the day. ● Taxes on old, highly polluting vehicles. ● Awareness raising and sensitisation of drivers (also for cyclists, for instance). ● Comments about additional road construction, (e.g., ring road extensions): ○ “Extension of ring roads is a good solution if they create spaces for the movement of vehicles outside the urban area. I would suggest that traffic in urban areas be restricted to private cars only and give only limited access to heavy vehicles (in case of construction).” ○ “I think that the small ring of Tirana has brought problems in the circulation of public transport and in the movement of individual means. The great ring of Tirana designed by Adil Carcani in 1989 should be the border of Tirana in the next 50 years.” ○ “Roads are always needed in a city like Tirana, but not the closing of the centre and the opening to the outskirts, where you may never travel in that area. There must be a study everywhere, in order to close the traffic somewhere and to "open" it somewhere. It can affect the population of other cities more than the inhabitants of Tirana. No solution is seen for the main axes such as Kinostudio- Kombinat, University of Tirana-Babrru, Tirana - Agricultural University of Tirana etc.”
Better Public Transport ● Faster public transport; increased flow of “An important step is the buses. ● Expanded bus fleet with more modern increased use of public transport vehicles. by the population.” ● Increased comfort of buses: ○ Air conditioning. ○ More frequent cleaning. ● Clean fleet: ○ Hybrid and electric vehicles. ○ Highly efficient fuel consumption.
9 ○ Reduced pollution and strict technical controls. ● Special lanes for public transport. ● Improved information about schedules (both at the stations and through apps): ○ “The simplest way would be to create a reliable, structured, and understandable public transport schedule. That way, you can simply look online (or at the bus station on a poster) to which bus station you need to go to, which bus (number) you need to get, how long it will take, if you need to change buses, how long you have to wait, and also, how many different opportunities you have to reach your destination!” ● Limited number of passengers on each bus. ● Special bus transport for students/ dedicated bus services for each university faculty. ● Better coverage of different areas of the city with public transport. ● Automatic ticket control (not to be done by the bus drivers). ● Better training and education for bus drivers. ● Consider development of an electric tram system on the central lanes of the main roads.
Making Cycling in the City Easier ● More bike lanes. ○ “The bicycle is an alternative as long as the infrastructure is created, even if it is partial.” ○ Consider conflicts over the use of space. One user pointed out that new bike lanes should not go at the expense of sidewalks, another demanded to avoid “sacrificing parking spaces”. ● Stricter enforcement of who uses bike lanes. Penalties for pedestrians, motorcycles riders, parking cars and other people who misuse bike lanes (incl. businesses). ● Bikes for all students. ● Raise awareness for cycling and development of a cycling culture. ○ Encourage young people; integrate cycling into gym class during elementary school. ○ “You can’t be like Shkodra, just by creating bike lanes.”
Improve Conditions for Walking ● More car-free pedestrian areas like Skanderbeg Square. ● More sidewalks. ○ “You can do it like in Shanghai with sidewalks raised along the roads that “The right way to move in pass over the existing sidewalks.” Tirana would be to walk as it ● Repairment of existing sidewalks. saves time and is a good ● Wider sidewalks which are kept free from barriers, such as tables or other items from exercise.” businesses exhibiting goods and services. ○ „There are many neighborhoods in Tirana where sidewalks are missing or occupied by cafes. That should not happen. The sidewalks are for people!“ ● Stricter punishment of bikes/ motorcycles/ stopping or parking cars on sidewalks. ● Improved signage for pedestrians.
10 ● Safer pedestrian crossings, especially considering the needs of people with disabilities.
Comments from Students About Educating Young People About Sustainable Mobility and Responsible Behavior ● “Be patient.” ● “Young people need to be responsible for following traffic rules and the best way to educate them is to keep them up to date and familiar with the consequences of irresponsible behavior.” ● Educational online campaign which explains through animations the benefits of using public transport rather than driving. ● “I think the use of Google Maps itself would be very appealing to young people as this is what almost every European city offers easily. They would feel more connected. So, once implemented, we could inform young people how easy it is to take care of the environment by saving time and money together.” ● Strict government measures and sanctions. ● Messages to communicate: ○ As a pedestrian, use the appropriate side of the sidewalk. ○ As a cyclist, use the dedicated bike lanes where available. ○ Use only a car for long distances, if no adequate alternatives are available
11 4 Annex Questionnaire
Questions for bus drivers:
12
Questions for taxi drivers:
13
Questions for students:
14 Questions for civil society organisations:
Questions for those who don’t belong to any of the groups above, but are regular public transport users, pedestrians, or cyclists:
15
Complete Answers
The Albanian responses are the original. The English version is a courtesy translation and might slightly deviate from the original for linguistic reasons.
Question 1: To which of the following groups do you belong?
Responses see above (“Respondents”).
BUS DRIVERS - Question 2: Based on your experience working as a bus driver, what do you see as the main problem with transportation in Tirana? If possible, please describe one situation you observed which illustrates this problem. (Please answer in full sentences.)
“mungesa e korsive te dedikuara per transportin “Lack of dedicated lanes for public transport.”
16 publik”
BUS DRIVERS - Question 3: If you could change one thing to make public transport in Tirana more attractive for citizens, what would that be? (Please answer in full sentences.)s
“menyren e biletimit” “Ticketing method.”
BUS DRIVERS - Question 4: When it comes to the quality of the buses, what improvements do you see as most important? (Please answer in full sentences.)
“autobuset jane cilesore, por mungon “The buses have an adequate quality, but there is infrastruktura rrugore” a lack of road infrastructure.”
TAXI DRIVERS - Question 2: Based on your experience working as a taxi driver, what do you see as the main problem with transportation in Tirana? If possible, please describe one situation you observed which illustrates this problem. (Please answer in full sentences.)
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TAXI DRIVERS - Question 3: In your opinion, what would be the most important step to reduce the negative impact of car traffic on the quality of life in Tirana? (Please answer in full sentences.)
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TAXI DRIVERS - Question 4: What do you think would be the effective ways to increase safety on the streets? (For example, when it comes to driving behavior, traffic rules, vehicle safety, etc.) (Please answer in full sentences.)
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STUDENTS - Question 2: What do you see as the main problem with transportation in Tirana? If possible, please describe one situation you observed which illustrates this problem. (Please answer in full sentences.)
“Vonesat e urbaneve” “Delays of buses”
“Mungojne kondicioneret ne shumicen e linjave “Air condition is missing on most routes and this dhe kjo sjell nje arom te rende ne urbane” brings a heavy urban scent”
“Veçanërisht duke e krahasuar Tiranën me “Especially comparing Tirana with other capitals kryeqytetet e tjera (edhe në Ballkan), çështja (also in the Balkans), the main issue is the lack of kryesore është mungesa e orareve kohore të accessible, understandable and logical schedules. arritshem, të kuptueshem dhe logjike. Nuk ka There are no coherent maps, [...meaning not asnjë hartë koherente, nuk ka linje të përbashkët, clear…] there are only buses and even they are ka vetëm autobusë dhe madje as ato nuk not included in the maps on Google as the përfshihen në hartat në Google pasi që orari schedule is always changing, and there is no ndryshon gjithmonë, dhe nuk ka asnjë sistem other system. For people in Tirana who want to tjetër. Për njerëzit në Tiranë të cilët dëshirojnë të travel to different places, and for foreigners/ udhëtojnë në vende të ndryshme, dhe për të huajt tourists alike, public transport is more of a concern / turistët njësoj, transporti publik është më shumë than a relief.” shqetësim sesa ndihmë.”
“Per sa i perket transportit urban, autobuzat jane “In terms of urban transport, buses are te tejmbushur duke bere qe kushtet e higjenes te overcrowded, making the hygiene conditions jene skandaloze ( dhe mendoj qe pas kesaj scandalous (and I think that after this pandemic, pandemie pikerisht transporti urban do behet public transport will be the cause for new cases); shkak per raste te reja ) transporti me makine personal car transport is also not effective due to personale po ashtu nuk eshte efektiv per shkak te heavy traffic that is created (all over the world
17 trafikut te renduar qe krijohet (ne te gjithe boten roundabouts help prevent traffic jams while only in rrethrrotullimet ndihmojn qe te mos krijohet trafik Albania these are the source of traffic), bicycle ndersa vetem ne Shqiperi keto jane burim trafik, transport is also difficult as there are only on a few transporti me biciklete eshte gjithashtu i veshtire main roads bike lanes.” pasi korsite e bicikletave jane vetem nje disa rruge kryesore.”
“Problemi kryesor i transportit ne tirane “The main problem of transport in Tirana, vecanerisht ne urbabe eshte ngjeshja dhe marrja especially in urban areas, are the congestion and sa me shume veta brenda ne urban” overcrowded buses.”
“Problemk kryesor eshte trafiku i tepert” “The main problem is excessive traffic.”
“Rrugët e Tiranës janë një kaos për sa i përket “Tirana's roads are a mess in terms of transport as transportit pasi nuk ka një rregullim të qartë there is no clear lane adjustment (there is no korsish ( nuk ka nje korsi të veçantë për autobuzat special lane for buses or ambulances, plus many apo ambulancat, plus që shumë rrugë nisim me roads start with two lanes and end with 1 and 1/2), dy korsi dhe përfundojnë me 1 e 1/2), nuk no bicycles or buses are used but private cars përdoren biçikletat apo autobuzet por makinat etc.” private etj.”
“Trafiku dhe mungesa e dixhitalizimit te linjave, e “Traffic and lack of digitalisation of lines, which cila perkthehet ne humbje te kohes. Nqs do te translates into waste of time. If we had the kishim mundesi te monitoronim oraret e linjave te opportunity to monitor bus line schedules for each autobuzave per cdo stacion, do te ndihmonte ne station, it would help manage our time and the menaxhimin e kohes tone dhe eficiencen e efficiency of mobility within the city.” mobilitetit ne brendesi te qyetetit.”
“Mbingarkesa e urbanve eshte problemi kryesor. “Urban congestion is the main problem. Problem 2 Problemi 2 eshte trafiku i qytetit te Tiranes dhe is the traffic in the city of Tirana and the bus never asnjeher autobuzi nuk arrin ne kohe. Problemi 3 arrives on time. Problem 3 is their hygiene. eshte higjena e tyre. Problemi 4 eshte ndotja ne Problem 4 is environmental pollution through mjedis e pafundme qe ben ky transport.” transport.”
STUDENTS - Question 3: In your opinion, what would be the most important step to make it easier to get around without a car in Tirana? (Please answer in full sentences.)
“Shtimi i korsive te bicikletave” “Adding bicycle lanes.”
“Bicikleta” “Bicycle.”
“Mënyra më e thjeshtë do të ishte krijimi i një “The simplest way would be to create a reliable, programi/hartës/"public transport schedule" të structured, and understandable public transport besueshëm, të strukturuar dhe të kuptueshëm të schedule. That way, you can simply look online (or transportit. Në këtë mënyrë, thjesht mund të at the bus station on a poster) to which bus station shikoni në internet (ose në stacionin e autobusëve you need to go to, which bus (number) you need në një llojë poster) në cilin stacion autobusi duhet to get, how long it will take, if you need to change të shkoni, cilin autobus (numër) duhet ta merrni, buses, how long you have to wait, and also, how sa kohë do të duhet, nëse duhet të ndërroni many different opportunities you have to reach autobusët, sa gjatë duhet të prisni, dhe gjithashtu, your destination!” sa mundësi të ndryshme keni për të arritur ne destinacion!”
“Vendosja e nje numri me te madh autobuzash si “Increase the number of buses, limit the number of dhe cdo autobuz te kete nje numer te kufizuar passengers per bus, and build bike lanes.” udhetaresh si dhe vendosja e korsive te bicikletave.”
“Te gjithe studentet te kene bicikleta ose urabane “All students have bicycles or special buses for posacerisht per studente Dmth cdo fakultet te kete students. That is, each faculty has its own bus
18 urbanin e vet” route.”
“Menyra e duhur per te levizur ne Tirane do ishte “The right way to move in Tirana would be to walk ecja pasi kursen kohe dhe eshte nje pjese as it saves time and is a good exercise.” stervitore”
“Autubuze urbanë të rrekullt dhe më të shumtë në “Increase the number of buses and have them run numër ose tramvajë” on schedule or introduce a tram.”
“Orare fikse, korsi te vecanta vetem per autobuz “Fixed schedules, special lanes only for buses (mjete te transportit publik), rritje te flotes se (public transport), expansion of the city's bus fleet autobuzave te qytetit - per ta bere me komod - to make mobility more comfortable with public mobilitetin me transport publik.” transport.”
“Se pari un leviz ne kemb pjesem me te madhe te “First of all, I move most of the time on foot or by kohes ose me biciklet per te mbaruar pune te bicycle to finish various jobs. Secondly, the ndryshme. Se dyti bashkia duhet te marri masat municipality must take measures for electric buses per autobuzet elektrik qe ka 6 vite qe ka ber which they have promised 6 years ago, but not premtimin dhe si ka sjell!” implemented!”
STUDENTS - Question 4: What do you think would be the best way to educate young people about responsible behavior in traffic and about sustainable mobility? (Please answer in full sentences.)
“Duke vendosur sanksione” “By imposing sanctions.”
“Masa te rrepta nga qeveria” “Strict government measures”
“Mendoj se përdorimi i Google Maps në vetvete “I think the use of Google Maps itself would be do të ishte shumë tërheqës për të rinjtë pasi kjo very appealing to young people as this is what është ajo që pothuajse çdo qytet evropian ofron almost every European city offers easily. They lehtësisht. Ata do të ndjeheshin më të lidhur. would feel more connected. So, once Kështu që, pasi të zbatohet, mund t'i informonim implemented, we could inform young people how të rinjtë se sa lehtë është të kujdesesh për easy it is to take care of the environment by mjedisin duke kursyer kohë dhe para së bashku.” saving time and money together.”
“Nuk mendoj se ka nje menyre per te edukuar “I don't think there is a way to educate especially sidomos te rinjte Shqipetar .” young Albanians.”
“Nuk kam pergjigje” “I have no answer.”
“Te jene te duruar” “Be patient”
“Të rinjtë duhet të jenë të përgjegjshëm që të “Young people need to be responsible for respektojnë rregullat e lëvizjes dhe qarkullimit në following traffic rules and the best way to educate trafik dhe mënyra më e mirë për t’i edukuar është them is to keep them up to date and familiar with informimi ditekt dhe njohja me paaojat e një sjellje the consequences of irresponsible behavior.” jo të pergjegjshme.”
“e-campaign online - demostrime (nepermjet “Online campaign - educational demonstrations animacioneve) edukative, ku te shpjegohen qarte (through animations), where the benefits of using perfitimet e perdorimit te transportit publik ne vend public transport instead of private transport are te transportit privat.” clearly explained.”
“1. Levizja ne kemb ne trotuaret perkates per “1. Walking on the sidewalks for pedestrians. 2. kembesoret. 2. Levizja me biciklet ne rruget e Moving by bicycle on special bike lanes. 3. Moving posacme per biciklet. 3. Levizja me makine vetem by car only if there is no alternative option for long ne pamundesi tjeter transporti te larget.” distance transport.”
19 CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS - Question 2: Based on your experience working with a civil society organisation, what do you see as the main problem with transportation in Tirana? If possible, please describe one situation you observed which illustrates this problem. (Please answer in full sentences.)
“Problemet kryesore te transportit per ne jane dy: “The main transport problems for us are two: 1. trafik i dendur ne disa pika kyce te levizjes se Heavy traffic at some key points: (Zogu i Zi, 21 automjeteve (Zogu i Zi, 21 dhjetori, unaza e re, Dhjetori, the new ring road, the road near the rruga prane bashkise); dhe cilesia e karburantit qe municipality); and 2. The quality of the fuel used perdoret nga automjetet.” by the vehicles.”
“Transporti publik dhe trafiku mbeten problem “Public transport and traffic remain a worrying shqetesues” problem.”
“Transporti publik eshte nje nga problemet e “Public transport is one of the transportation qarkullimit ne tirane me makine individuale. Nese problems in Tirana with individual cars. If public transporti publik do te jete efikas dhe me cilesi te transport is efficient and of good quality then mire atehere tirana funksionon normalisht.” Tirana is functioning normally.”
“Ndotja e ajrit, trafiku, ndotja akustike, mungesa e “Air pollution, traffic, noise pollution, lack of high- mjeteve te transportait publik me Standarde te quality public transport, lack of signs of public larta, mungesa e tabelave te orareve te transportit transport schedules, lack of bicycle infrastructure, publik, mungesa e infrastuktures per perdorimin e which can only be found on the main roads.” bicikletave, ato mund te gjenden vetem ne rruget kryesore”
“Trafil i renduar” “Heavy traffic.”
“Shume perdorues autoveturash, mungese “Many car users, lack of parking, narrow roads, parkingjesh, rruge te ngushta, mangesi lack of overpasses or roundabouts, many buses mbikalimesh apo rrethrrotullimesh, shume linja and very outdated lines, lack of marked bicycle urbanesh dhe shume te vjeteruar, mungese e lanes and non-compliance with dedicated lanes theksuar e korsive per bicikleta dhe mos for special vehicles.” respektim i korsive te dedikuara per automjete te posaçme”
“Veshtiresia ne kapjen e distancave te largeta ne “The difficulty of traveling long distances in Tirana Tirane, eshte e dukshme. Mungesa e menyrave is obvious. Lack of affordable alternative modes of alternative ne transport, pa shume kosto perben transport is a problem. “Frequency of existing problem. Frekuenca e atyre qe jane, mungesa e public transport, lack of cleanliness, etc.” pastertise etj.”
“Autobuze qe levizin shume ngadale, pa “Slow and overcrowded buses without air kondicionere, dhe te tejmbushur” conditioning.”
CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS - Question 3: In your opinion, what would be the most important step to make it easier to get around without a car in Tirana? (Please answer in full sentences.)
“Nje hap i rendeshem eshte perdorimi i transportit “An important step is the use of more public publik me shume nga popullsia. Por kjo kerkon se transport by the population. But this requires first a pari nje sherbim te shpejte qe do te thote qe fast service, which means that buses keep their mjetet urbane te mbajne te njejtin ritem te levizjes regular pace and frequency without delays, gjate kohes se tyre te levizjes duke mos krijuar regardless of congestion or the distance between vonese pavaresisht sa i mbushur eshte apo sa the vehicles; buses need to be highly efficient larg ndodhen mjetet nga njeri-tjetri, te jene me when it comes to fuel consumption (not old and eficence te larte te perdorimit te karburantit (jo polluting vehicles), perform accurately the mjete te amortizuara qe ndotin), te kryejne me services, and undergo technical controls to keep saktesi sherbimet dhe kontrollet teknike qe polluting emissions within the allowed limits. sigurojne clirim te gazeve ndotese brenda limiteve Buses should use alternative fuels (electricity or
20 te lejuara, te perdoren mjete me karburant hybrid).” alternativ (energji elektrike ose hibride).”
“bicikleta eshte nje alternative perderisa eahte “The bicycle is an alternative as long as the krijuar infrastrukrura edhw pse e pjesshme” infrastructure is created, even if it is partial”
“Normalisht qe duhet te leviznim me bicikleta por “Normally we had to ride bicycles but this is not kjo nuk eshte e thjesht vetem me ndryshimi ne just about changing the lanes in the road vijave ne infrastrukturen rrugore. Duhet te infrastructure. The approach of bicycle movement ndryshoje qasja e levizjes se bicikletave duke must be changed by practicing in the gym class bere praktike ne oren e fiskultures ne brezat e ri, with the younger generations, possibly in the mundesisht qe ne shkolle fillore qe brezi i ri te primary schools so that the younger generation kuptoje sinjalistiken dhe te krijoje kulturen. NUK understands the traffic signs and develops a MUND TE BEHESH DOT SI SHKODRA DUKE cycling culture. YOU CAN'T BE LIKE SHKODRA, NDRYSHUAR VIJAT NE INFRASTRUKTUREN JUST BY CREATING BIKE LANES.” RRUGORE.”
“Levizja me bicikleta ose transport publik, por “Cycling or public transport, but conditions for this duden plotestur kushtet per kete” must be met.”
“Duke ecur” “Walking.”
“Korsite e bicikletave dhe riorganizim i linjave “Bicycle lanes and reorganisation of urban bus urbane te autobuzeve” routes.”
“Trami, per mua eshte nje alternative mjaft e mire. “In my opinion, trams are a pretty good alternative. Shtimi i fluksit te autobuzave per linjat qe jane.” Increasing the flow of buses for the existing routes.”
“Nje transport publik me eficent, me mjete me “A more efficient public transport, with more moderne dhe me te pershtatshme” modern and more convenient vehicles.”
CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANISATIONS - Question 4: What do you think about plans to construct new roads in Tirana, such as extending the ring roads? (Please answer in full sentences.)
“Zgjatja e rrugeve unazore eshte nje zgjidhje e “Extension of ring roads is a good solution if they mire nese krijojne hapesira te levizjes se create spaces for the movement of vehicles automjeteve jashte zones urbane. Do te sugjeroja outside the urban area. I would suggest that traffic qe levizja ne zonat urbane te kufizohet vetem per in urban areas be restricted to private cars only autoveturat dhe me shume limite te lejoheshin and give only limited access to heavy vehicles (in makinat e renda (ne rastet e ndertimeve).” case of construction).”
“Plani ka te beje per levizjen me makina. Duhet “The plan has to do with car driving. The plan for rishikuar plani per akses per bicikleta.” bicycle access should be reviewed.”
“Mendoj qe unaza e vogel e tiranes ka sjell “I think that the small ring of Tirana has brought probleme ne qarkullimin e trasnportit publik dhe problems for the movement of public transport and ne levizjen e mjeteve individuale. Unaza e madhe individual vehicles.The great ring of Tirana e Tiranes se projektuar nga Adil carcani ne vitin designed by Adil Carcani in 1989 should be the 1989 duhet te jete kufiri i tiranes ne 50 vitet e border of Tirana in the next 50 years.” ardhshme.”
“Do te lehtesojne trafikun ne qytet.” “They will facilitate traffic in the city.”
“Ide e mire.” “Good idea.”
“Nuk jam ne dijeni te ketij plani” “I am not aware of this plan.”
“Rruget asnjehere s jane te teperta ne nje qytet si “Roads are always needed in a city like Tirana, Tirana, por jo mbyllja e qendres dhe hapje ne but not the closing of the center and the opening
21 periferi, ku ti mund te mos udhetosh asnjehere ne to the outskirts, where you may never travel. A ate zone. Ngado duhet te kete studim, per temos study must be done everywhere, in order to close mbyllur trafikun diku e per t "derdhur" ate diku. the traffic somewhere and to "open" it somewhere. Mund te ndikoje tek popullsia e qyteteve te tjera It can affect the population of other cities more me shume se sa tek banoret e Tiranes. Nuk shihet than the inhabitants of Tirana. No solution is seen zgjidhje per akset kryesore si psh. Kinostudio- for the main axes such as Kinostudio-Kombinat, Kombinat, Universitet i Tiranes-Babrru, Tirane- University of Tirana-Babrru, Agricultural University Universiteti Bukqesire etj” of Tirana, etc.”
TRANSPORT USERS - Question 2: From your experience of getting around town, what do you see as a main problem of transportation in Tirana/what is a barrier for you? If possible, please describe one situation you observed which illustrates this problem. (Please answer in full sentences.)
“Vonesat e urbaneve ne pikun e levizjes dhe “Delays and overcrowding of buses during peak mbipopullimi i tyre” hours.”
“Trafiku” “Traffic.”
“Problemi kryesor i transportit ne Tirane eshte “The main problem of transport in Tirana is the mungesa e nje sistemi eficent te transportit publik, lack of an efficient public transport system, as well si dhe rrjeti rrugor i paintegruar ne qytet” as the unintegrated road network in the city.”
“Disa nga faturinot nuk kane aspak menyre “Some of the drivers have no way of komunikimi, madje kam rastisur ne nje zenke ku communication at all, I even happened to be in a faturinoja e ofendoi vajzen pa te drejte... Plus dhe quarrel where the driver offended a girl unjustified shoferet e autobuzeve i mbyllin dyert pa ... The bus drivers also close the doors pergjegjesi duke zene kembe, krahe dh ekoka irresponsibly, stepping on the feet, heads, arms, njerezish ne to. Mendoj se duhet shtuar nr i and legs of passengers. I think the number of urbaneve sepse ka mbingarkse ne ditet normale” urban buses should be increased because they are overloaded on normal days.”
“Trafiku” “Traffic.”
“Ka shume makina per banore.” “There are many cars per inhabitant.”
“1. Numri i autobuzeve eshte i ulet qe here here “1. There are few buses, sometimes they cannot nuk perballon dot pikun e levizjes se njerezve ne manage the amount of passengers during peak mengjes. 2. Do theksoja nje papasterti shume te hours in the morning. 2. I would emphasise that madhe qe ka brenda urbaneve.” the urban areas are very dirty.”
“Trafiku i renduar. Levizja behet e avashte prej “Heavy traffic. The movement is slowed down by trafikut te renduar” heavy traffic”
“Vonesat e linjes qe perdor me shpesh, ate te “On the bus route I use most often, the one of Laprakes ku te duhet te presesh ka raste edhe Lapraka, you have to wait because of delays, mbi 20-25 min dhe te behesh pjese e nje sometimes even more than 20 or 25 minutes and kapaciteti te tejmbushur” you will be on an overcrowded bus.”
“Problemi kryesore dhe ai qe besoj qe shqeteson “The main problem and the one that I believe te gjithe “kategorite” e perdoruesve te rregullt te worries all the "categories" of public transport transportit publike ne Tiranë eshte: Per users in Tirana is: The "VIOLATION" of personal ”DHUNIMI” i hapesires personale. Shembuj besoj space. I believe there is no need to give examples se nuk ka nevoje te kete pasi cdokush nga ne e as each of us has at least one bad experience in ka te pakten nje pervoje te keqe ne mendje.” mind.”
“trafik” “Traffic.”
“Vonesat e autobuzave neper stacione dhe “Bus delays at stations and their overload beyond
22 mbingarkesen e tyre pertej limiteve.“ limits.”
“Autobuzet jane te tejmbushur me njerez, nuk jane “Buses are overcrowded, they don’t provide te shpeshte ne stacione dhe levizin ngadal. frequent service at bus stops, and they move Problem jane edhe shoferet, qe ndalojne vend e slowly. Drivers are also a problem, stopping out of pa vend dhe bllokojne qarkullimin. Gjithashtu order and blocking traffic. Also a problem are: problem jane: kembesoret, shoferet dhe Pedestrians, drivers and motorcycle users, who do perdoruesit e motocikletave, te cilet nuk not respect bike lanes. Problematic are also respektojne korsite e bicikletave. Problem jane cyclists who do not respect the white lines [i.e., dhe perdoruesit e bicikletave qe nuk respektojne pedestrian crossings], traffic lights, or cycle in vijat e bardha, semaforet, ose levizin ne tortuar pedestrian areas or on the road, when in the ose ne rruge, kur nderkohe kane nje korsi te meantime they have a lane dedicated to them.” dedikuar per ta.”
“Trafiku.” “Traffic.”
“Mungesa dhe moszbatimi i rregullit per korsine e “Lack of implementation of the bus lane rule.” autobuzave.”
“Pak autobuza per linjat kryesore” “Few buses for the main lines.”
“Problem per transportin në Tiranë mendoj qe “I think the problem with transport in Tirana is the eshte mangesia e sistemit publik te transportit. lack of a public transport system. Even in areas Ose edhe ne zona ku ka transport publik, si psh. where there is public transport, such as Tirana e Tirana e Re ai është i pamjaftueshem per levizjen Re, it is insufficient for the amount of passengers. e qytetarëve. Kjo sjell ne perdorimin e makinave This leads to the use of personal cars, which personale, gje e cila sjell nje trafik te leads to traffic congestion!” mbingarkuar!”
“Mungesen e korsive te bicikletave dhe vendosjen “Lack of bicycle lanes and placement of these e ketyre korsive neper trotuare duke u bere shkas lanes on the sidewalks which causes accidents.” per akseidente.”
“Mungesa e ekzistences dhe e respektit (ne rastet “Lack of special lanes for public transport and Kur ka) per korsite e dedikuara per transportin taxis or no respect for these lanes where they urban dhe taksite.” exist.”
“Mungesa e trotuareve per kembesoret. Mungesa “Lack of sidewalks for pedestrians. Lack of a e nje rrjeti te plote korsish per bicikleta te cilat te complete network of bicycle lanes that is well jene te miremenduara kur integrohen ne sistemin thought out and integrated into the current system aktual te rrugeve ekzistuese dhe atyre qe do of existing roads and those that will be planned for planifikohen per te ardhmen.” the future.”
“Trafiku i tmerrshem dhe mungesa e zbatimit te “Terrible traffic and lack of enforcement of traffic rregullave te qarkullimit si nga shoferet dhe nga rules for both drivers and pedestrians. One of the kembesoret. Nje nga problemet me te medha jane biggest problems are the people who act in "te fortet" qe futen ne kundershtim me ligjin duke violation of the law by cutting roads, wrong prere rruge, parakalime te gabuara, shkelje overtaking, violation of traffic lights, non- semaforesh, mos-respektim vijash te bardha, etj. compliance with the white lines [i.e., pedestrian etj. Duhen goditur fort keta "te forte" dhe situata crossings], etc. etc. These people must be do te ndryshoje menjehere, perndryshe dhe punished hard and the situation will change qytetaret e rregullt duke pare mos-ndeshkimin e immediately, otherwise the regular citizens, seeing tyre do bejne shkelje nga inati.” their non-punishment, will commit violations out of anger.”
TRANSPORT USERS - Question 3: What is the most important change to make it easier for citizens to get around Tirana by bus? (Please answer in full sentences.)
“Shpeshtia e levizjes se urbaneve ,vendosja e ne “Frequency of buses, placement of air pune e kondicionereve dhe mos te tejmbushen” conditioners, and no overcrowded buses.”
23 “Korsi funksionale vetem per transportin urban ne “Special lane only for public transport on all te gjitha rruget” roads.”
“Eshte e nevojshme te afishohen oraret ne cdo “It is necessary to display schedules at each stacion dhe te zhvillohen aplikacione te lidhura me station and to develop applications related to the levizjen e tyre dhe trafikun. Gjithashtu duhen kryer movement of the buses and traffic. More regular pastrime me te rregullta” cleaning should also be performed”
“Shtimi i urbaneve” “Addition of urban buses.”
“Shpeshtesia e urbaneve. Kjo do te evitonte “Frequency of urban buses. This would avoid tejmbushjen dhe do ta bente me te preferueshem overcrowding and make this type of transport kete lloj transporti.” more preferable.”
“Me pak makina” “Less cars.”
“1. Shtimi i numrit te urbaneve.” “1. Increasing the number of urban buses.”
“Te ndalohen disa tipologji makinash te “Prohibit certain car types from circulating during qarkullojne gjate dites. Te vihet takse per makinat the day. Impose taxes on old cars to reduce e vjetra qe te ulet ndotja dhe trafiku.” pollution and traffic.”
“Oraret e paracaktuara dhe te vendosura ne cdo “Pre-determined and set schedules at each stacion, sic e ka pervoja e vendeve te tjera dhe ku station, following the experience of other eshte e nevojshme shtimi i autobuzeve ne linjat countries, and where necessary add buses to the me te gjata e qe mbipopullohen” longest and most crowded lines.”
“Duke qendruar ne te njejten linje logjike me “Staying in the same logical line with the previous pyejten paraardhese mendoj qe ndryshimi i pare question, I think the first and most important dhe me i rendesishem eshte shtimi sasior i change is the quantitative increase of public mjeteve te transportit publike. Dhe pastaj te transport. And then to demand and improve the pretendojme dhe per shtim ne cilesi sherbimi.” quality of service.”
“korsi me vete” “Special lanes.”
“Te shtohen me teper autobuza . Te aplikohen “Add more buses. Apply automated ticket control kontrolle te automatizuara per bileten ( te hiqen (remove conductors from this interaction).” fatorinot)”
“Te rritet numri i autobuzeve dhe te rritet “Increase the number of buses and increase the shpejtesia e levizjes se tyre. Gjithashtu autobuzet speed of their movement. Also, buses must be duhet te jene brenda parametrave te ndotjes ose less polluting or electric, because almost all buses elektrik, sepse pothuajse te gjithe autobuzet neper in Tirana emit black smoke, and this is the most Tirane nxjerrin tym te zi, dhe kete me shume nga suffered by bicycle users.” te gjithe e vuajne perdoruesit e bicikletave.”
“Shperndarja e stacioneve.” “Distribution of stations.”
“Duhet t eliminohet dyndja e madhe ne oret e “The overflow during peak hours should be pikut.” eliminated.”
“Tram elektrik ne korsite qendrore te rrugeve “Electric tram in the central lanes of the main kryesore” roads.”
“Shtim i linjave te autobuzave dhe shtim i numrit te “Increase bus lines and increase the number of autobuzave brenda nje linje. Krijimi i korsive per buses within a line. Creating lanes for the bus.” autobuzin”
“Duhet te kete tabela te qarta me oraret e “There should be clear tables with bus schedules autobusave dhe keto orare te respektohen! and these schedules should be respected! Buses
24 Autobusat duhet te jene te shpeshte dhe ne must be frequent and in good condition to gjendje te mire per te ulur maksimalisht emetimin minimise emissions into the atmosphere.” e tymrave ne atmosfere.”
“Orare te sakta te levizjes. Flote e re autobusesh. “Accurate bus schedules. New buses. Edukimi I shofereve te autobuseve. Respektimi I Training/education of bus drivers. Respect for korsive dhe stacioneve te dedikuara per to nga lanes and stations dedicated to them by the publiku I gjere.” general public.”
“Korsi e dedikuar. Nxitja qe sa me shume njerez “Dedicated lane. Encourage as many people as tw perdorin transportin piblik. Te shtohet mbulimi possible to use public transportation. Increase the gjeografik i qytetit me sherbim transporti publik.” geographical coverage of the city with public transport service.”
“Krijimi i nje sistemi te integruar (mundesisht nje “Creating an integrated system (preferably an aplikacion elektronik celulari) ku te duken qarte electronic mobile application) where the lines that linjat qe lidhen me njera-tjetren si edhe te jene are related to each other are clearly visible as well afishuar ne menyre te qarte oraret te cilat duhet te as the schedules that must be maximally respektohen maksimalisht nga autobuzet.” respected by the buses are clearly displayed.”
TRANSPORT USERS - Question 4: What is the most important change to make it easier for citizens to get around Tirana by foot or bike? (Please answer in full sentences.)
“Duke bere linjat e urbaneve sa me efikase dhe qe “By making urban lines as efficient as possible emetojne me pak gazra te demshme ,shmangia e and emitting less harmful gases, avoiding narrow mjeteve te vogla trotuare /korsi te pershtatshme.” sidewalks/ lanes.”
“Korsi per biçikleta” “Bicycle lanes.”
“Per kembesoret duhet te vazhdoje te “For pedestrians, the crossing for persons with permiresohet kalimi per persona me aftesi te disabilities should continue to be improved and kufizuara dhe te rregullohet sinjalistika per pedestrian signage should be adjusted. For kembesore. Per bicikletat duhet te vazhdoje hapja bicycles, the opening of dedicated lanes should e korsive te dedikuara, po pa sakrifikuar vendet e continue, but without sacrificing parking spaces. parkimit Adding pedestrian lanes.” Shtimi i korsive te kembesoreve”
“Gjetja e mekanizmave per te dekurajuar “Finding mechanisms to discourage the use of perdorimin e automjeteve private.” private vehicles.”
“Me pak makina” “Less cars.”
“- Me biciklete me duket e rrezikshme ne disa pika “With bicycles it seems dangerous to me at some qe te levizet sidomos ne rruget ku jane te points to move especially on the roads that are in perbashketa per kembesoret dhe bicikletat” use by both pedestrians and cyclists.”
“Te shtohen hapesirat pa makina/per kembesoret “Increase car-free areas/ pedestrian zones (such (si sheshi Skenderbej etj).” as Skanderbeg Square, etc.).”
“Shtimini korsive te bicikletave dhe gjeresi te “Add bicycle lanes and sidewalks with an pranueshme trotuaresh ku mungon” acceptable width where missing.”
“Ndryshimi me i rendesishem per lehtesimin e “The most important change to facilitate levizjes ne kembe ose me biçiklete duhet te jete movement on foot or by bicycle should be the reduktimi i mjeteve personale dhe injektimi i nje reduction of personal vehicles and the kulture tjeter ku ne krye te levizjes te jete development of another culture where at the top of transporti publike dhe/ose levizja per distanca the movement is public transport and/ or relativisht te gjata ne kembe ose me biçiklete.” movement for relatively long distances on foot or by bicycle.”
25 “te lirohen trotuaret” “Clear the sidewalks.”
“Njerzit duhen ndryshuar” “People need to change.”
“Per ciklistet duhet te kete korsi te dedikuara dhe “For cyclists there should be dedicated lanes and kush nuk i respekton te gjobitet duke perfshire: those who do not respect them are fined, kembesoret qe ecin ne keto korsi; personat qe including: Pedestrians walking on these lanes; levizin me motocikleta ne keto korsi; shoferet qe people riding motorcycles in these lanes; drivers parkojne ose qendorjne ne korsite e bicikletave; that park or stop on bicycle lanes; persons who personat te cilet bllokojne keto korsi psh pronare/ block these lanes, for example, business owners/ punetore biznesesh qe i zejne korsite. Ndersa per employees occupying the lanes. While for kembesoret duhen liruar trotuaret nga tavolinat e pedestrians, the sidewalks should be freed from lokaleve ose nga bizneset te cilat ekspozojne the tables of the bars/restaurants or from the mallra/sherbime ne trotuar. Gjithashtu duhen businesses which exhibit goods/ services on the gjobitur e ciklistet qe levizin ne trotuare.” sidewalk. Cyclists moving on the sidewalks should also be fined.”
“Percaktimi i vendkalimeve per kembesor dhe “Determining the areas dedicated for pedestrians bicikleta.” and cyclists.”
“Sensibilizimi i njerezve mbi perdorimin e “Awareness among people about cycling. Vehicle bicikletave. Sensibilizimi i shofereve te driver sensitization. Free sidewalks from parked automjevete. Lirimi i trotuareve nga automjetet e vehicles.” parkuara”
“Ndryshimin nuk e ben dot per faktin e nje “You cannot make the change based on the fact urbanistike te trasheguar. Mund ta beni si ne of an inherited urban planning system. shangai me pasarela te ngritura buze rrugeve qe You can do it like in Shanghai with sidewalks kalojne siper trotuareve ekzistent raised along the roads that pass over the existing Lirimi i trotuareve nga biznesi dhe sidomos sidewalks. Free sidewalks from businesses and rregullimi i trotuareve! Ne disa zona mungojne especially repair the sidewalks! In some areas totalisht” they are totally missing”
“Korsite duhet te jene te diferencuara. Trotuaret “The lanes must be differentiated. The sidewalks per kombesoret nuk duhet te kthehen ne korsi per for the citizens should not be turned into bicycle bicikleta, por duhen krijuar te reja enkas. Ka lanes, but new ones should be created. There are shume lagje ne Tirane ku trotuaret mungojnë ose many neighborhoods in Tirana where sidewalks jane zaptuar nga kafenetë. Kjo nuk duhet te are missing or occupied by cafes. That should not ndodhe. Trotuaret jane per njerezit!” happen. The sidewalks are for people!”
“Evitimi I ndotjes nga trafiku I makinave. “Avoidance of pollution from car traffic. Incentive Incentivim I mjeteve alternative (bicikleta, patina, of alternative means (bicycles, skates, electric scooter elektrike etj)..” scooters, etc.).”
“Trotuaret dhe korsite e bicikletave ne cdo rruge” “Bicycle sidewalks and lanes on every street”
“Respektimi i vijave te bardha, si nga shoferet, por “Respect pedestrian crossings, both by drivers edhe nga kembesoret te cilet nuk duhet te kalojne and pedestrians who must not cross the road rrugen vend e pa vend” unnecessarily everywhere without a regulation.”
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