January 24·, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS '75!l EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS TRIBUTE TO F. EDWARD stripped of his seniority on the com­ Recollections,of Justice Douglas' life HEBERT mittee after he refused to support his bring back vivid memories of the hope. party•s Pr..esidential nominee in 1948. which President Franklin Roosevelt's Because he put the needs of his coun­ term of.office brought to the impover­ .HON. DAVID C. TREEN try above the dictates of his party, 5 ished and disadvantaged of our Na-. oF LOUISIANA years ago he was stripped of his chair- tion. Like President Roosevelt, Justice IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTAll'IVES. manship. Douglas overcame serious personal ob~ Eddie Hebert's training as an investi- stacl.es to reach great pinnacles of pub­ Tuesday, January 22, 1980 gative journalist served his country lic service. The toil of his early days • Mr. TREEN. Mr. Speaker, I have well. He served with distinction on the continued to drive him through the lost a good friend, and so has the free House Un-American Activities Com­ difficult challenges of 36 years on our · world. Only 17 men served loi;iger in n;>.ittee, for 11 years as chairman of the Nation's highest court. this House than F. Edward Hebert. . Subcommittee on Investigations of the During his term on the Court, Doug­ None loved their country more~ His Armed .Services Committee, and on las was a prolific writer and vigorous .drive, his determination to do what· the Committee· on Standards of Offi­ advocate for Justice with compassion was best for his country, and his fierce cial Cond:uct. Perhaps his most impor­ and law ~th equity. All those who eu­ independence did not diminish · one tarit and difficult accomplishment was logize Douglas will surely note that he iota during his long tenure here. his 1970 investigation into the My Lai was a zealous champion of civil rights I had the good fortune to enter this inciden~ .whether speaking from .the dissent or House while Eddie Hebert was the As chairman of the Armed Services writing for the majority. For Douglas, dean of my delegation. No Republican Committee, Eddie Hebert exhibited a individual freedom was not a vague ever received a warmer, more generous fairness that was not fully _appreciated concept to be celebrated only on the initiation into this body from a veter- ,by those· who did not serve with him Fourth of July, but it was a living sym­ an Democrat than I did. on the committee. Even those who dis- bol of tlte American system which had. ii:e served us for so long and so w~n. agree with .his philosophy admit that to be defended and strengthened at that we cannot comp~ain that he is not he always insured· that every · view­ every opportunity. here to advise us in our present for- point had, an adequate airing in his. In now offering tribute, I find inspi­ eign policy dilemmas. I had the privi- ·committee. · ration in Douglas' vigor and ambition lege of serving with Eddie Hebert on When Eddie Hebert took office in and hope that I can help preserve the the Armed Services Committee. I am 1941, this country had not yet entered Douglas tradition in speaking out for firmly convinced that the United: World War II. . He never forgot tp.e ex­ the oppressed and the ,neglected, no States would have far more options perience of seeing this Nation go to matter how alone in this task I may today had President Carter ·heeded war unprepared and have to fight for be.e earlier in this term Eddie Hebert's time. to build up our forces. He never parting advice to the-Hou;se. forgot the lessons of World War II and When we look at the number of men in dedicated himself to insuring that his ~O.DOUOLAS the military forces of the Soviet and their country would never let its defenses satellites. when we count their aircraft and slip again. He was ohe of those· Amerl- their rapidly growing naval force. can we cans who recognized that our freedom HON. DON EDWARDS read these signs as indicating anything was not an automatic, God-given right, or CALIFORNIA other than a firm intention to con,tinue to but was achieved through the sacrifice IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES engage in aggressive action against the free of patriots willing to fight and die· and.. ,world? My answer to all of these questions t b d b th t gth t Tuesday, January 22, 19,o is "No." ... I have a sincere hope that the mus e preserve Y e s ren o SALT talks will lessen temdons. I hope that fight again if necessary. • Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. they will lead to a limitation on arm.a. Eddie H~bert is dead, but his work is Speaker, numerous eulogies honoring · But until those conditions have truly not complete. We are in _a period of . William 0. Douglas have appeared in come about I see no alternative other than a grave international crisis, one which newspapers thro1=1ghout the country in military force and a military capability that , demonstrates all too clearly the truth recent days. l would like to share with .would deter the very thought of aggressive of Eddie Hebert's insistent message- my colleagues some of the tributes to action against this country. · one with which I wholeheartedly Bill Douglas I have encountered. Eddie Hebert received his · training agree: America's hopes for continUing The article which follows appeared for congress as a hard-fighting, inves- peace depend upon our having a de- in the Los Angeles Times on January tigative newspaper reporter and editor f ense· structure which cannot be pre, 21 1980: .in New Orleans during some of Louisi- · vafl~d against by any aggressor.• [From the Los Angeles Times, Jan. 21.19801 ana's most notorious political scandals. CHAMPION or THE FIRST AMENDMENT He played a pivotal role in exposing Justice William o. DOuglas. llke other high level corruption in Louisiana. ae- A TRIBUTE TO JUSTICE great Judges. looked on the law as a Uving cause he .helped straighten out what WILLIAM o. DOUGLAS thing, and brushed aside legal abstractions was going on in Louisiana, the people that failed to take into account the realities of New Orleans sent him to Washing- of the world beyond the courtroom. ton to see what he could do here. HON. CECIL (CEC} HEFl'EL In affirming the right of a Juvenile to They were not disappointed. -counsel, note how he explored the feelings OF HAWAII of a boy confronted with the police in a ·pre- He brought to Congress the same in- [N THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES efuct at night: "Age 15 is a tender and diffl- dependence he exhibited as a newspa- cult age for a boy ... He cannot be Judged per editor, never compromising his Tuesday, January 22, 1980 by the more exacting standards of maturity. principles and -refusing ever to accede • Mr. HEFTEL. Mr. Speaker, flags fly Th.at whJch would leave a man cold and un~ to unjustified demands of his party or. at half mast this week to mourn the impressed can overwhelm a lad in his early any of the seven J>residents under loss of a remarkable American Jurist- teens. This fs a period of' great instabillty whom he served. This fierce inde- ·Justice William 0. Douglas. I pay trib- which the crisis of adolescence produces. , m· g c:i..air- t to his i Mature men might possibly stand the ordeal Pendence. delayed his becom ,.u u e now serv ce and to the vital- from midnight to 5 Lm. But we cannot be- man of the House Armed Service Com- ity and intellect that cl}aracterJzed lleve that a lad of tender years is a match mittee because he was effectively Justice Dougla.s'-81 fruitful years. for the police in such a· contest.· He needs

0 • · ',Chis .. bullet symbol identifies statements . or insertions which 8l'e not spoken by the Member on the floor.

CXXVI--48-Part 1 754 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980 counsel and support if he is not .to become [From the Baltimore Sun, Jan. 21, 19891 .1'RIBUTE TO GEORGE MEANY the victim first of fear, then of panic.'' DISHARMONY AND JUSTICE Such sensitivity and a determination to fit the law .to the realities of modern society. . Justice William O. Doug1 as, who served on the Supreme Court from 1939 to 1975, a marked the entire Judicial (m'eer of Doug- longer term than any other Justice in histo- HON. BOB ECKHARDT las, who served on the U.S. Supreme Court ry, chose an obscure Persian poet to state longer than any other- member and who the theme of his autobiography: "All your o~ TEXAS · during all those many years consistently in- anxiety is because of your desire for bar- IN THE .HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES voked the Constitution as a shield between mony ~ Seek disharmony, then you shall gain the individual and the power of 'the state, peace.'• God knows~ .then, Bill Douglas, who Tuesday, January 22, 1980 and between unpopular dissent and the ma- t ARDT M k. Jority passions of the moment.. died Saturday at age 81, must have been a .e Mr. ECKH . r. s pea er, peace with himself, for disharmonious melo- George Meany was a bread-and~butter In his dissent from a conviction.of student dies filled the air wherever he went. d emons t rato rs f or engagin g in mass prote · s t • In the early 'and late "'°. riods of his caree.r -unionist, a m,an fiercely devoted to his his Opinion as USual dealt not With an ,...,_ .country and a skilled negotiator and ' ' ab- on the Supreme ·court, he was its great dis- straction but with the reality of the politi· senter, o1>posing the majority more often -politician. There is a rare quality pos- cal process. "The right to petition for re- than any other member-and, perhaps ·not. . sessed by few that makes others want dress of grievances," he said, "is not limited coincidentally, opposing contemporary· pub- to follow, to agree, to please. It is to writing a letter or sending a telegram to a lie. oplriion, too. called leadership. George Meany had congressman • • . or writing letters to the President, or governor or mayor." He con- During the liberal phase of the Warren this quality in high degree. eluded that the actions of mass demonstra- <:ourt, roughly 1962 through 1968, Mr. In the long, tough, and sometimes tors sliould not be condemned "as long as Douglas was usually in the majority. But bitter struggle that working people the assembly an(l petition are peaceable.'' often in those years-and this is probably a Yet Douglas drew a clear line between Jus ti ce •s greate s t satisf ac ti on-the court was have waged and endured durin_g peaceable protest and deliberate provoca- reversing itself, and Douglas dissents of the George Meany's lifetime, that quality tion to violence, observing near the end of 1950s became the law of the land of the of leadership has served tQ bolster his days on the bench, "The social compact 1960s. their self respect, their trust in their has room for tolerance, patience and re- Mr. Douglas was ge_nerally regarded as an movement, and their endurance. And straint, but not for sabotage and violence.'' absolutist where the Bill of Rights was con- this has be·en George Meany's contri- In the long history of the court, no other -cerned. He rejected that word in several butioR to his time.e Justice exceeded Douglas in his unswerving opinions, but in fact, he dedicated much of and rugged defense of the First Amend- his career to protecting individual rights ment. The American government, he insist- and liberties,. as enunicated and. implied by ed, "is premised on the theory that if the the first ten amendments to the Constitu­ REV. ERCEL F. WEBB HONORED mind of man is to be free, his ideas. his be- tion, against ,concentrated governmental ON 35TH ANNIVERSARY FOR 35 liefs, his ideology, his philosophy must be and corporate power. YEARS OF SERVICE place beyond the reach of government." Journalists were particularly grateful to · To Douglas, the First Amendment was .. Mr. Douglas, because he placed tbe first written to preserve freedom· of the mind; amendment, which, guarantees a free press HON. FRANK J. GUARlt11 and he opposed all forms of censorship from .among other things, in a "preferred posi· OF NEW JERSEY . the outlawing' of obscenity to the govern- tion" over the other nine amendments that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment's plea to restrain the publication of make up the· Bill of Rights. (And also be­ the historic Pentagon Papers. cause of his rough-hewn language, which Thursday, January 24; 1980 "What can be done to literature· under the led arch-conservative James J. Kilpatrick to banner of obscenity," he wrote in one opin· say of arch-liberal° Douglas on his retire­ e Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, I am lon, ''can be done to other parts of the spec- ment that he was "the court's only member honored· today to offer my expression trum of ideas when party of majoritartan capable of writing a quotable line."> of pride and congratttlations to Rev. demands mount and propagandists start de- Ercel F. Webb, pastor of the Monu­ ,clalming the law.'' Outside the courtroom, Mr. Douglas dis· mental Baptist Church in Jersey City, In the Pentagon Papers case, he simply played an even greater talent for creating who is being honored Sunday by more said, "The dominant purpose of the First disha•mony. Many marriages. celebrated than 1,000 persons at a testimonial Amendment was to prohibit the widespread hiking and exploring trips when "environ­ dinner. practice of governmental suppression of em- mentalists" were still fringe characters, barrassing information.'' questionable finances, and over a score of When preparing this tribute, the Throughout his long years on the bench, outspoken books created a whirl of public word "monumental" kept creeping the Justice opposed the legal philosophY; disapproval throughout his court career. into my thoughts for in Rev. Ercel F. that "balanced" First Amendment rights - ·...... ,..... t competing· claims. "My bel'ef," he One .book, on revolution, brought demands Webb, we have a man who can best be .-...... , ..; for his impeachment 'from then-House Mi· described by the word "monumental." said, "is that all the 'balancing' was done by nority Leader G~rald Ford-and Vice Presi­ He has been monumental as a family 'those who wrote the Bill of Rights. By cast- dent Spiro Agn#!w. tng the First Amendment in absolute terms, nian who helped support his family in they repudiated. . . . watered-down, emasc)l- A Supreme Court Justice is supposed to North Carolina after the death of his lated versions of the First Amendment.'' believe in justice-"Justice the Guardian 01 father, Rev. Charles W. Webb, also a The boy indeed may have been the father Liberty" is carved in stone on the court Baptist minister. He has been monu­ of the man who became Justice Douglas. He building. William O. Douglas did. And he mental in earning his way through learned early to overcome adversity. When believed his institution was the champion of school, working as a maintenance man he was 6, he was severely shaken by the Justice. In a case involving a,sit-in at the old and shipping clerk, ~ gardener and a death of his father. AS a youngster, he suf- Hooper's restaurant here, during the clima~ millwright helper. Reverend Webb has fered a crippling attack of infantile paraly- tic years of the civil rights movement, he been monum~ntal in his religious sis~ and through intense effort drove him· wrote, "The people should know that when self to a .complete recovery. He grew up filibusters· occupy other forums, when op- work, answering 'the call in 1941 and poor, and rode freight trains from Yakima, h h f assigned to the Aby~inia Baptist Wash., to New York to enter law ~hool at pressions are great, when t e clas o au- Church of PhUadelphfa, P..a. He be­ Columbia University. thority between the individual and the came assistant pastor h;i the Kaighn His eneJ'gy anc:i high intelligence brought· State is severe, they can still get Justice in Avenue BapUst Church of Camden, success quickly, and, at 41, he became the the courts.'' ·New Jersey in 1944. youngest member of the Supreme Court in This was a basic tenet with Mr. Douglas, 128 years. But William 0. Douglas never whose reputation as one of the giants of Reverend Webb made a monumental forgot his origins. On the court, he always American Judicial history was assured long decision when he came to Jersey City came down ·agatnst the abuse of power 88 he before he ended his 36-year career on the to preach a trial sermon which result­ saw it. His weapon in all these. battles over · d f d f b · ed in his assuming leadership in. this .nearly four .decades was the Bill of Rights. Supreme Court. As a e en er . o as1c human rights he had few peers. He was a . ·small struggling church with a monu-· Mr. Speaker, the following article fighter, an .articulate and fearless advocate. mental debt. For the past 35 years, appeared in the Baltimore Sun on Jan- ot unpopular causes -and a brllliant legal Reverend Webb's work has been uary 21,.1980: scholar whose voice could not be stilled.• monumental in more ways than one. . January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 755 Early in the 1950'S, he · reached, .out standing ministry through a church and determmatfon make the Iiecessa.ey. through radio broadcast bringing mes- working in an urban community. , di:>wnpayment on the material things sages of cheer and hope to the home- . Reverend Webb .is married to Joan the po.or American needs. bound, ill and aged population. He led ersens promotingo social progress and OP N.w .JEBSEY was a monumental one. ·On the subject bettering the standard of life for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of sermons. Reverend Webb has the 'rich and the poor, the young and the reputation of short dissertations~ He old, the blaek and the white, and the Thursda'!,J, Janaa1"JJ 2,, 1980 has proven that good example is half a strong and thf\veak. e Mr. MAGUIRE. Mr·; ·:;SpeaR:er, in sermon. Moscow,- the Soviet physicist Andrei Reverend Webb has been monumen- Reverend Webb's dedication and efo- Sakharov has Just been arrested' and tal in his teaching, reminding all that quence has spotlighted him as a fight­ sent into exile 250 miles. from Moscow. it is not only what we do, but what we er· fo~ equal rights of all memb:ers of he is oat qf the reach of. Western four­ d0. not do for which we will be ac- the· human family, upon which rests nalists and of concerned men and countable. tlle .foundatfoii of stability,. justice,. 'women who visit Moscow in search of Reverend Webb's career has gone ahd opportunity for an. · commnnica.tton with -the few remafil­ beyond his first love; that of serving In a recent conversation with this fng ·members of the Soviet human God and man. He is assistant superin- great man, he told me of th,e need for rights · movement. Sakharov who tendent of schools for -the city of Jer- patience. · He believes that often the served' as the le~g source of infor­ sey City, a· colonel in the National greatest prayer i& that of patience. He mation for the West on Soviet human Guard·of New Jersey, retiring in 1977; is a sirong.. believer that the mlracle,of­ rights \liofations .douf>tless was arrest­ a trustee of St. Peter's College and America is the most priceless heritag~. ed because the SQviet regime Itnew Fairmount Hospital both in Jersey we can bequeath future generations. that its relations: with the United City. Dr. Webb has served as president He stres~d·. the need for mankind's. States could not be worse. They sUI'ely of the Jersey City Branch of the mutual. support in an analogy of two moved at this time because any poten­ NAACP and as chairman of the Com- mountain climbers, one black and one tial uproar by the·West would be-pale munity and Neighborhood Develop- white tied· to the same rope•. He m comparison to our outrage at~their ment Organization OHticaI and: tdeoiogical uit honor, we can again be mindful of City for -the last 35 years. Deeply re­ impart of' gtvfng its citizens a eh<)ice.· Reverend Webb's monumental contri- ~pected by the eom,munity, be has Counterideological exPression and a buttons~ ·l)Toven indeed through his sermons renewed flow of emigration from the He has provided national leadership ''that words are the voice of the Soviet Union ·would ' constitute a mas--· to the American Baptist Convention, heart." He has proven in his teachings sive vote. against the. Scmet system and. as well as the National Baptist Con- to not only his congregation but to the its societal :restrictimis. SO; in thfs thne vention, and was elected to receive the ~tire community that sacrifice.. eda:­ of renewed tensions between us.,, the "Edward -H. Rhoads Award" for out- cation, self-help, good family living, Soviets' are taking 11d~tage and 756 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980 clamping down hard on the father of ments are highly di'scousaglng. Appli­ am today tritroducing a House concur­ the dr.sfdent movement. And, if, 'fn the' cants have to wait as long as 18 rent · resolution calling upon the ·neai r fut.are, the tensions somehow months for replies. Children cannot U.S.S.R. to adhere to the international. cool, JOU. ean be sure· that the Savfets leave if the parents choose. to stay. In conventions which they have signed· will again use their ndrieted form of other cases only part of a family may and free this noted human rights ad­ "free'"' emigration ln attempts· to win apply; the other members must defer vocate. our favor er new cmieessioris. their own applications until the first The text. of the resolution appears, This suggests two important points. ,applicant has been granted the visa. below: Fi;rst, human Jigflts policy can- and Most applicants are dismissed from · H. CON. RES. 259 should remain an aetive to<;>l m ou1; their Jobs as soon as they apply and Concurrent resolution calling upon the s ·o­ foreign policy to protest ·and hopefully long before they get a reply from . viet Union to release Andrei Sakharov an-est furtheF·violatforuJ. Second, ff we­ OVIR. Many are compelled to Iea.ve from internal exile tmmediatelY. do not. continue our vigilance. the So­ their apartments before they receive Whereas the Universal Declaration of viet,s will use our laxness to pe:rpetuate­ their visas. Soviet authorities are a.Is.o Human Rights 0 and the International Cov­ tbeir eutrages against the rtgr.rts: of attempting- to influence ~hiidren to re­ enant on Civil and Political Rights guaran­ man. sist their parents decisfon and are tee to all people the right of free speech; Thus, it is essenifaf' tflat we lteep promising certain rewards if the chiT­ and monitoring and protesting Soviet non­ cfren change their minds. Invftatfom Whereas the Helsinki Final Act of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in compliance with the Helsinki final act, from immediate family members are a1 Europe commits signatory countries to pro­ which is why today I announce the be­ prerequisite to applying for visas. Usu­ tect and insure the right of free speech; and ginning· of "The Spirit·· of Helsinki, ally they are sent to Soviet officials. ll. Whereas~ the Soviet Union signed tha Vigil 1980." . the recipient cannot· name the· sender Final Act of the Conference on Security and The vigil is an extension of previous unseen, the fnvitatiQn is considered in-­ Cooperation in Europe, is a party to the efforts headed by Represe_ntatives v-alid. Universal Declar'1,tion of Human Rights, BRODHEAD, DRINAN, EILBERG, HOLTZ .. It is this policy which compels us to· and has ratified the International Covenant MAN, and HOWARD. In previous years it speak out continuously to demand on Civil and Political Rights; and Whereas Andrei Sakharov was awarded has been our aim to improve ·emigra­ that the Soviet Union comply with in­ the Nobel Peace Prize in 1975: and · tion for Soviet Jews. Despite the fact ternational human rights standards. Whereas Andrei Sakharov as the leader of that the numbers of visas issued lra.s But Soviet Jews are not the only the Soviet dissident movement has contrib­ been increasing' dt.iring the last years: group in the Soviet Union suffering tfted · continously- to the cause of human the vast majority of those wishing to­ because of their religious beliefs or rights in the Soviet Union; and emigrate has almost no hope. Worse,. ethnic backgrounds. · · Whereas Andrei Sakharov was arrested on tll.ere fs ~ · broad range of sanction$ Repression is an overall policy tool January 22. on his way to work; and · linked to the mere expression: of the of the Soviet Government a.ff ecting all · Whereas the Supreme Soviet has charged desire. to emigrate. Applying for emf.. Andrei Sakharov with "subversive activi­ groups not conforming with the·party ties" and has banished him f.rom Moscow: gration is a ·costly, lengthy, and arbi.; line. Professing Christians in this offi­ and .trar-y process with uncertain results. It cially atheistic state are also· denied fuv()lves the risk of reprisals of wfrief1 Whereas Sakharov's and his wife's depor­ the right to emigrate and the freedom tation in one of the "closed zones" where the dismissal from employment is to pursue their religious faith. Chris­ foreigners may not travel was a matter of often only the.first step. tians and others without any particu­ two hours; and · Soviet Jews constitute the major tar­ lar religious background are impris­ Whereas the Supreme Soviet stripped An­ get group of Soviet internal repression. .oned for expressing their thoughts. drei Sakharov of all state honors, including Soviet Jews are denied basic human For this reason, I consider it essen­ three Orders of Socialist Labor with the rights systematically. Additionally, a tial to devote "The Spirit, of Helsinki, title Her6 of Socialist Labor; and new wave of antisemitism has ap­ Vigil i980" to all refuseniks and pris­ Whereas Andrei Sakharov was asked to. peared. oners of conscience, regardless of their return his awards; and Antisemitism traditionally has been Whereas all telephones in Sakharov's religious beliefs. · neighborhood were disconnected to prevent an endemic fact of Russian life. How­ "The Spirit of Helsinki, Vjgil 1980" his family from informing foreign reporters: ever, it recently has been intensified will be a concerted effort .by the Con­ and under Brezhnev. Admission of Jews to gress to draw· attention to the ind:ivid­ Whereas Andrei S..akharov is denied the institutes of higher education is on the ual's plight under the arhitrary and in­ right of fair trial-the legal prerequisite for decline. Entry into almost all of tpe equitable Soviet system. We cannot be deportation; and faculties at Moscow State University is irfdifferent to human rights violations Whereas .Sakharov's arrest might only be closed to them. Publications equating . occuring daily in the Soviet Union. a first step of clearing ·Moscow from active Zionism with Hitlerism are not uncom­ · Tensions b~tween the United St!).tes dissidents for the summer-Olympics in July; mon. A book published by the Ministry and and the Soviet Union are increasing. Whereas the timing of the banishment, of Internal Affairs goes even further. It o"n~ of our primary concerns is Af­ coming amid $,trong American criticism of says Zionism is "one of the varieties of ghanistan. But this concern should the Soviet Union's armed intervention in fascism, but is even more dangerous not lead \ls to dismiss from our minds Afghanistan, can be taken as a sign of a than the German variety." In Soviet the fate of all" those suffering under major shift to.ward a policy of confronta­ propaganda, "anti-Zionism" has long the Soviet re~ime. As Walter Lippman tion: and served as a convenient codeword for said: Whereas tne continuing harassment of po­ litical and religious activists and intellectu­ antisemitism. The substance of anti-Zi­ . The deepest issue of our time is whether onism, however, has been crossing the als in the Soviet Union is a source of great the civilized people can maintain and devel­ concern to the American people and the line into overt antisemitism with in­ op a free society or whether they are to fall United States Congress: Now, therefore, be creasing frequency. A recent art exhib­ back into the ancient order of things, when it - it featured a grinning Nazi soldier and a the whole of men's experience, the.Ir con­ Resolved by the House of Representatives grinning Jewish prisoner wearing the sciences, their science, their arts, their labor , That it is the sense Star of David. and their integrity as individuals were at of the Congress that, in accordance with the· Examples of official antisemitism the disposal of the state. Final Act of the Conference on Security and are manyfold. Together with the deni­ ·Refuseniks and prisoners of con­ Cooperation in Europe, the- Universal Decla­ al of basic human rights they make science need our encouragement. They ration of Human Rights, and the Interna­ life for Jews in the Soviet Union un­ heed our vigil. Today more than ever tional Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the Union of Soviet Socialist Repub­ bearable. For many, emigration offers before. Therefore, I urge my· col­ lics should release Andrei Sakharov from in­ the only prospect for leading a re­ leagues to join together to participate ternal exile immediately. spectable human life. Not only are in the Vigil 1980. Sec. 2. The Congress urges the President emigration visas issued only very selec­ · In this spirit of vigilance and in acting directly through the Secretary of tively, but application procedures as · hopes of securing the release of An­ State or other appropriate executive branch. well as proof of eligibility require- drei Sakharov from internal exile, I officials- January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 757 Cl> to continue to express at,every suitable arise from an ambitious -and un.: However much money may'I be in tha opportunity and in the strongest terms the checked executive .authority. Treasury at any one time, not a dollar of ft opposition of the United S~tes to the exile - Even the first Secretary of the can be used fn the- payment of anything not and the degradation of Andrei Sakharov; Treasury, Alexander Hamilton,. who thus previously- sanctfoned. Reeside vs. and Walker. Cp •. 290l -c2> ·to inform the Soviet Union that the supported a very broad reading of the United States, in evaluating its · relations general welfare clause, said in his 1791 Even fn the case of United States with other countries, will take into account Report on Manufacturers that:- against Lovette, where the Supreme . the extent to which those countries honor It 1s therefore of necessity left to the dis­ Court decided in 1946 that three indii. their commitments under international law, cretion of the national legislature to pro­ viduals were entitled to pay where the particularly with respect to the protection of nounce upon the objects-which concern the Congress had previously denied them human rights. general welfare; and for which, under that their' pay by meam of a rider on an ap. Sec. 3. The Clerk of the House of Repre­ description, -an appropriation of money is praprfatforut bill, the Court never en­ sentatives shall transmit copies of this reso­ requisite and proper. And there seems to be tered. an order on tbe books forcing lution to_ the Soviet Ambassador to the no room for doubt that whatever concerns the CODgr~ or the Secretary of tha United States and tne Chairman of the Pre­ _the general interests of lea.ming, of agricul­ sidium of the Supreme Soviet of the UniQn ture, -or ·manufacturers, and of commerce, Treasury-,. in the a.bsence of an ap»r°'"' of Soviet Socialist Republics.• are within the sphere of the national coun­ pria\ion to pay the indMduals ta,; cils, as far as regards an application of vo1ve<1. - µioney. Congress -Jater did decide to pay t~e, REDRESSING THE BALANCE OF -There were many in the history of three persons Involved. But the Con­ POWER America who would debate the wisdom gress. had to appropriate the money. of spending tax money or not spend­ This is the same fundamental priilci­ HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN µig tax money for ... a particular pur- ple which ts· behind the Federal Tori Claims Act. If no money is actually iii or cALIFORNIA pose. But none ever seriously chal- the- fund, no individual · can be palcl IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lenged the ..congressional power over even when they have a just claim for Thursday, January ,· the national purse until last Monday.- 24 1980 January 15, 1980. And who challenged compensation.. • Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, if the -this constitutional prerogative of Con­ There might be some in .the Con­ Constitution assigns any specific gress? None other than a lone Federal gress who migllJ be tempted to trade power .to Congress; it is clearly the distric_t colll't judge named·John Dool­ the money power in this case for a lit­ power over the national purse. This is ing when he declared the Hyde anti­ tle peaee and quiet-on the rfghf to lite evident from the following: abortion funding restriction to be un- question. But that is like being a little All legislative powers herein granted shall constitutional. bit pregnant. Those Members of this be vested in a Congress o-f the Unite~_. This unelected, appointed-for-life House who think that ~hey can share States ... ·

. th Am i . eiary, are conceding a dangerous prece­ N:o money shall be drawn from the Treas- e er can people and their elected dent,.. a :revol~tiona.ry arrogation of ur,y but in consequence of appropriations representatives to spend tax money power ,o the Federal courts. made by law ...

. morally offensive. -No judge, or Presi- lleros., party- lines and ideological la. The Congress shall have-power to lay and c:funt for that matter, has ever been so bels. Successful congressional restric­ collect taxes ... to pay the debts ... to arrogant. In effect, Mr. Dooling dis,. borrow money .on the credit of the United misses the Constitution and all ·-of tions on appropriations have involved: States ... . · · a novel constitutional interpretation, BATF regulations. military aid. to Ar­ This power is further circumscribed t~e long established right of the legis-· gentina. aid to Cuba,. assassinations of by the Constitution, which-requires in lature to dispense with Federal tax foreign leaders, Federal pay raises,. article l, section 7, paragraph l, that: moneys. EPA grants, OSHA farm regulations~ "All bjlls for raising revenue shall Dooling also lncorrectly cites c_ases Consumer Product Safety Commis­ originate in the House of Representa- in support of his revolutionary conten­ sion, noise control, Panama Canal, tives." tions. For example, in a case where a debtor nations, food stamps for college Mr. Speaker, it should be recalled plaintiff sought ~ writ of mandamus students,. the Nixon· tapes, combat in that prior to the adoption of the 17th against: tlle _Secretary of the Treasury Cambodia, national park coal mining amendment to the - Constitution in to pay a. certain sum deemed awarct- leases,. co\Dltries denying emigration, 1913, the House, unlike the Senate, able by a civil Jnry, Dooling states that and constructing ships in foreign was that part of the· National Legisla.- the main contention. fn an 185'6· case..... shipyards. ture chosen directly by the people. .Reesi~ v.. Wa.Dcer (11 How: 2'72') de~ These, and a host of other appropri­ Therefore, · it was the interit of the pended upon !he Government consent­ ation. decisions, are clearly outside the Constitution's framers that the mg to be sued (p~ %8!? of" Dooffng'S' cfecl­ scope of judicial review. · branch of the ·Federal Government sion>. Whatever the- Supreme Court may most accountable to the .people; name- However, the supreme Court indf­ finally do fh the Dooling case, it tc; ly, the House, was also the branch of cated that the following was tlle point abundantly clear that the impact of the Federal G..9-vernment most ac- ht h th t d countable for tlie extent and priorities upc.,n w c e case urne :: Dooling'.a deeision gt>es: beyond the abortion issue. It reaches to the very of the national budget. N\l officer, however,. high.. not. eoven the ';I'he Founding Fathers· of the :Re- President, much less a Secretary of the nature of our Government. Either the public knew their history. They were Treasury or Treasurer, is empowered to pay people, .tltrough thei'r · elected repre... debts sentattves. control the natiQnaI t h t Kin J O h f E 1 d of· the United States geJlffal, when wm aware · a g n ° ng an ·was presented to Clem. If, therefor~ the, pet~ purse, or unelected judg.es will. It is ibrought to Runnymede by medieval tion tn this case, was allowed 90 r.ar- u ta English lords and forced to sign the . order the; verdict against the United· states for this reason that I have introduced Magna Carta which stij>ulated that no to be ente:ted on the books of the Treasury H.R. 4200, whk:h provides for the im­ taxes would be exacted from them, Department, the plaintiff would. be as. fu peachment_ of any Federal judge who save by their consent µi person or by' from having a claim ori the Secretary or tries- to order the States or the Con­ their representatives. King Charles I Treasurer to pay it as now. The difficulty lh gress to spend money for that· which of England lost-his head for usurping the way· ui the want of any appropriation bY. there has been no prior authorization the parliamentary power over the Coogress- to pay- th~ claim. It Is a we:tt,. appropriation. known eonstitutiona.1 provision that no et purse. American colonists went to war money can be taken or drawn. from · u. --The-text of the bill follows. 1ri 1 '176 arising from conflicting claims Tseasury except. under an appropriation .bs over the power of taxation. The threat Congress. · ~alls for only 3 percent real growth Committee has also made great strides thorization over his defense proposal last year. during his term as ·president. A major : Be it en.acted b11 the Senate and House of We will have to do much better than Joint effort involving a nearby univel'· Representatives of the United States oJ that in order to make up f&r past polL­ sity ·and the committee will produce a Amertca in Congress. asse?Mlect. That this ¢y mistakes, and demonstrate to the business survey which can be used to Act may be cited as the "Judicial Restrafht ·Soviets that the· United States intends direct community pr()Dlotion activlties• . Act of 1-979". to stand strong against further Com· The venture ·is -expected to enhance SEC. 2r (a)- The Supreme Cou,rt. shall not, munist aggression.e the chamber's business development and no other coun of the United States strategies in many ways. shall, make any decision,. emter any j:udg- By _his dedication and concern, ment,.t>r issue any order wbidi,. or. the- effect CHARLES GORHAM-PRESIDENT Charles Gorham has made this past of which,..wauld ~equire.ftm.dB \<> .tm.expeno-- OF WILMINGTON CHAMBER OF year 1>ne of the best ever for .the Wll· ed from the United States 'I:r-ea..mry or-fi'om COMMERCE 19'19-80 the treasur,: of any State.. fol' a specmc, pur­ mington Ch~ber of Collllllerce. AB he pose unless the Congress, w the legislattii'e concludes his term, my wife, Lee, joins ot such State, as the- case may be, ha adopt. HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON me In congratulating bim on this fine ed leglsJatfon authorizing and approprfatin&'" . OP CALIFORNIA accomplishment and expressing the funds to- be expended for such purpose. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES appreciation we share "with so many ot,hers for his devotion to worthv com­ (b > Any Judge of e. court of the United Thursday, Januarg 24, 198'0 States who makes any decision, enters any munity "causes. We also extenC, to judgment, Gr issues any order in violation of • Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. Charles, his 'wife, 'Eleanor, and their subsection. of this section, and any Jus-1 Speaker, this month the Chamber of two sons, Chades and Paul, our best tice of the Supreme Court or any judge of Commerce of Wilmington, Calif.. will wishes for a bright and prosperous any other court of the United States who ·host a truly spec1al ceTe.bration, a future.e. concurs in a. decision, Judgment or order vio- luncheon marking its 75th anniversary lating subsection shall lile subject to im- as a member of the South Bay Com­ peachment on account of such violation. munity. At the same time, Mr. Charles ATTRACTlNO NEW INDUSTRY AB used in subsection . the term Gorham will be honored for the out- "State•• includes- standing job he has performed during any county and any local unit of gener.. dent. OP 'l'ENNESSEll a.l purpose government. wit& taxing- authori- I take tms apportunity to·share wtt:q. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ty. my colleagues many of the accom· Thursda11# JanuaT'JI 24, ·1 sso This Act shall apply with respect to, plishments of this man. As: president decisions made,. judgments entered, and or- .6f the chamber and as a constant par- • Mr. JONES of Tennessee. Mr. 4ers issuedr. on or after the date of the en~ ticipant in many community proiects. Speaker, I rise today to share with my actment of this Act.• he has demonstrated a quality of citi- colleagues remarks that were delivered zenship·worthy of our recognition. by Mr. R. L. Hal-ey~ a business execu­ Although born in Arizt!>na:,, Wilming­ tive with lbternational Harvester, at a seminar on the problems of small ASSESSING THE PRESIDENT'S AC· ton quiekly became home for Chartes cities held in my distrlet. Mr. Haley TfON AGAINST SOVIET AG· Gorham, where having graduated was a participant in the seminar and GRESSION . from Banning High School in 1940, he was scheduled to talk about what It beg.an his college .career at Compton takes for small .cities and rural .coun­ Junior College. He continued his edu­ ties to attract new mdustry. c3,tion at DeP.auw U.nhlerstty tn lndi· . HON. ELDON' RUDD· ana and then attended Loyola Univer­ While he addressed some of those ef• OF ARIZONA torts, he also presented a much wider sity of Los Angeles where he earned a view of business a constructive citi· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATI.VES doctor of jurisprudence degree in 1949. ,as Thursday, Janua:ry:- 24, 1980 Service in the Nav,' interrupted his· zen of the community. He also studies during the -ye.am to 1' .stressed the need for :greater produc- , 1942 946 · tivity throughout the country. •Mr.RUDD. Mr. Speaker, the Presi­ !l?-e hard work ~d long hours re- Rather than .attempt to paraphrase dent's state of the Union speech last qm~ to establish hlS law praetic~ fol· his remarks. 1 would like -to submit night marked a reversal of his .attitude lowmg graduation from Loyola_did 1n them into the R~oRD so that my col­ toward the danger of the Soviet Union no WBY deter him from also being ac- leagues·might share in his insightful ·and international communism. tive in the community. He devoted discussion· · This was the same President who much of his time and effort to work in · · - only 3 years ago stated that he was the American Legion, the Masons, the _REMARKS OF R. L. BALEY- DE~ .1.1>, 1:9'19 pr.oud to lead the effo~ to rid our Na.- Kiwanis Club, and the YMCA. A great I supp~se. tnat 1 wa.s asKea w talK to you 1tion of an inordinate fear of commu- part of his current .eom.munity work because It Is customary_ to have ~ speaker also mvolves supporting --youth activi· for a workshop luncheon of. -this type. On nism. the <>f.her hand. it ma, be.because I repre­ It was the same President Carter ties. He helped in fundraising efforts sent the kind of ind~try ·'tihat has been whose first defense budget slashed the for the Banning High School ~thletic moving to or establishing itself ln ,smaller previous administration's 6-year de­ program and the Banning Kickers In communities in increasing numbers during f euse plan by. $57 billion through 1983. their support of the high school foot- tbe P8$t several years. In assessing recent Sovfet actions, w~ ball team. He haa shared bis Olympic My company ts not wholly typ1ca.1 JD that must acknowledge that the naked .So· experience in weightlifting with doz· we are cla89ed .as hetWY 1ndust.r.y w.tth a need vlet aggression in Afghanistan is a ens of young men through the train- for access to large suppUes of n.w materials, tng prognµns he corulucts such .u steel, .scrap. cutt,ngs, ,etc., and the continuation of Moscow's longstanding , · · nature of our business and products tends to aim of military conquest and Commu­ Most ~ota~le are _ttie ·accomt>lish- _ push us into large,. plants and larger ma.n­ nist expansion throughout the world. ments of his term as CJ:}amber of (;om- power need& .than are generaD,y found in The Soviets have been encouraged in merce president. Certainly he has communities with a 1>0Pulat-tan of. 10.000 or their objectives by the President's ac-­ been one of the or.ganiza.tion's most less. tions over the past 3 years-his cancel­ aggressive and successful leaders. His The American Association .of Small Cities lation of the B-1 bomber and the neu­ initiative and drive made oossible the- Is dedicated ·to BMistin& towna with popula­ tron antitank weapon, his veto of the "Cleanup Wilmington -Campaign" tions ·Of under ·5-0,000. and we do have a spansored by the chamber This com· number of plants µi communitles that fall nuclear aircraft carrier, and his slow· , • In this category. ing of the cruise and M-X missile pro­ munitywide beautification effort won I had expected that you would spend the. grams in order to win Soviet agree­ the support of hundreds of people In morning talking about .the essentials of at­ ment on the new SALT II Treaty. the business community and beyond tracting industry, and ·whne·l ·did not hear January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 759 · all of these discussions, what I heard had forts to earn the profit we mentioned earll­ Some of our politicians and our society more to do with the· Federal treasury. The er. the income that' wW insure that we are a have become more concerned with how we needs of industr.v Jn any community-man~ Vlable, growing· part Df society. . divide the pie than with how we make the power, training services, enez,gy. supplles. It is not~ tG earn a fair retum on sales pie bigger. A redivision of the t>ie temporar­ transportation-the kind of .stuff that must and investment if your costs are burdened ily may glve you or me a little bit more, but be available if an industry Js to opera~ is by oppressive taxes. And ,the cost of doing society as a whole-and that means us-can basic. . business can be intlated ·by bureauc,rats who have more only if we produce more. · I do not plan t.o talk about t~ese 1;hlngs aver-regulate product design, or dictate un­ Whether this added production comes because they are generally .knowll and ,m~ reasonable environmental· controls, or who derstood. Rather. I warit .to talk about some disrupt :and mismanage development and from better tools through capftal invest­ of the tntangibleg..:_the cllma:te that ·an tn.: distribution -of money. ment, more skills or knowledge, or -even· dustry looks for, tbe flavor of the communi- · One of the problems the businessman working harder-does not matter. It is the ty~ if you will faces today affects you and me and ipeople only way for all ·of us to live better and put .My. speech Is short. '~use I think thli' · like us throughou~ the United States. That down the poverty that has been man's climate can be described in very simple , I.a the problem of finding the key to In­ greatest burden in all socleties. terms. It is also short because I have never creased productivity. A. high rate of produc­ Perhaps you are wondering how I got been -comfort.able .in listening to a lengthy tlvity in comparison to that Qf the .reit of from industry's place in the community to t.fter dinner~ or after lunclleon, speech. the world and a high rate of produetiritJ' in- productivity. Let me take you back. You are Let ·me at.art. b.Y telling ,you what .I tiee .as a , crease have been the basic mat.eri&l oil the interested in attracting industry to your compaDTs obligatlon to the community. -standard of 11~ that·has developed ln this community because.you know-and perhaps 'Plrst, we have m obllgatlon to keep the country over its twe centuries of existence. you do not think of this in quite as broad or commnnity Informed ef our actions :and our _ There are many things that affect .produc­ general terms-but you know that the· only plalls. We are a ta.rge lbus1ness-and I am tlvlty. There are many ways of measuring it. answer to economic or spiritual poverty is now ta1king about lnternatlona1 Harvester There are differing opinions about how pro­ found in Jobs. tn Memphis-and our -problems and plans ductive we really are today in relation to impact thousands of o_ther people-flnari- the past, but there are few differences Private enterprise-:--industry, individual or clally, environmentally, even socially. So we among t:tie economl.ats and others who study corporate-is the only ._. institution 1il this believe that they have a r1ght to know what this matter in the opinion that our produc­ country that produces. The unemployment we are doing, and we have a responsib111ty ttYity here in America is .either d~llnlng or rate can be reduced with Federal funds, but to tell them. We hope the news wW always is at best ·increasing at ·a much slower rate the real meaning and long-term effects of be good. but ·we lclow that, as a human or- than most of the other industrlaltzed na· unemployment can only be reduced by pro­ ganization, we will make mistakes, and some tlons. ductivity. .The supply of Jobs is a function of of the news may not :be favorabl~. Many of the thin~hat support a 1>roduc- production. The only source of Jobs is pro­ For example-we are involved in a nation- ti:ve .society have been taken for ,ranted as ductivity. wide strike by the UAW. The issues are not· part of the economic bill of rights :0f our re­ Industry-working with information you economic, and they originate in other loca-' public-operating in an atmosphere of free­ .can help furnish-has the statisticians and tions, but they affect the Memphis economy dom and private enterprise. ·u we were to economists to study matters of ,mpply, avail­ adversely. · pick out the most baste factors ·that have ability of transportation, and ~ of the fac­ ._But. good or bad, we think we still have made us outstandingly productive and tual data that can be' put together in an the obli~tlon to be, candid and atratghtfor· which may now have deteriorated the most, analysis. that says this is a good community w&rd about our actions and our pollciea. they would be those :of investment and mo- or that is a good community in which to 10-· Another obligation of the .company ts to tin.tion. · cate, but the decision will really be made by make a profit. ·Our aspirations and aims for ·1nvestment. or lack of lt, is almost directly assl$tlng the community .~y be commend- related to the role of government in out that industry's perception of the climates of those. communities. and th~ climate that in- able, but a dying business ls an asset to no. economy. Government e_xerclses this role one. Therefore, we 'have to earn a profit so through ~ation, through money policies~ , dustry wants is one which fosters productiv­ we ·can stay tn business, ·pn,vide ·Jobs, -an.a be and through the extent of its involvement ity.e a healthy, Uvtnr patt,of :the'CODllllunlty. · in social services. Taxation can encourage A '"third obligation -is .to grow so that we investment, or it can siphon .off the means , may prov.Ide better Jobs, and more .of them, of capital .. formation from profits. Money tn order to help the community have. policy can encourage individual savings and GEORGE MEANY: A TRUE healthy growth. Although the connnunity thus capital formation for investment by LEADER ..W ,grow.. in J>apulation 'if nothing ~ stabilizing the economy or it can discourage healthy .growth requires our initiating Job savings by increasing the supply of money epporlunities by being active and aggress.tve through deficit spending and advancing the HON. LEON E. PANETTA In research and englneerin&. -in manufactur- infl8.tionary cycle. .Ing .eUiciency, and in competitiv.e market- . OF CALIFORNIA Jog. In these ways we .can grow with the The growtll of social services rather than iN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ·comniurilty. · individual savings' aa a way to security also. And finally, we have the obligation to be a discourages capital formation and encour­ Tuesday, January 22, 1980 ~eal part of -the .community in phases other ages an economy of consumption. e Mr. PANETTA. Mr. Speaker, on '1an · merelr its industrial life. This means Motivation-and I am really talking about January 10 our Nation lost one of its we must do more than Just pay our taxes motivation of the individual-is closely re­ most prominent and influential lead­ md 'Obey Jawa. We can,:. expect ·the eommu· lated to th'.e ·factors affecting investment. ers in George Meany. For nearly a ntty to be interested 1n industry ·1nd our Traditional incentives do not seem to moti­ quarter of a century. as president of lH~lems. That js why we contribute money. vate us any more, and there ~e many who the AFL-CIO, George Meany dedi­ . manpower, ideas, skills, and services tG say an alarming percentage of American wortb:whlle activities which are of direct or ~ · . cated his ijfe to the advancement of Indirect benefit to our employees .and other workers no longer look to their Job for pe~ thP. labor movement and was. a real cttizens in the mid-South. sonal fulfillment, who no longer believe that leader in the true sense. As the pmmb­ Dur employees have ·cllildren; so we care _hard work pays off, who d~ not find their ,r from the Bronx, George Meany rose about schools, youths Sl'QUPS. recreational work meaningful and more important than to the top and effectively mastermind­ .facllWes. Our people '&Dd their. families get leisure hour pursuits. ed the merger of two giant American sick; so we are interested ID adeQUate hospi- We do know. and tnere are documented labor organizations. Under his leader­ tal · laclllties. We ue prepared to bear our studies to support the fact that the genera­ sbare -ot the cost, and we 1end manpower to tions who were born after World War II ship, George Meany served the labor rinJ doorbells and serve on boards and com· have a motivation response curve that is movement well. This is quite evident mlttees 'l>f such .activities as United Way. quite different from those that preceded in the fight he led to obtain fair wages Goodwill. - Junior ·Achievement, Rotary them. The manifestation of this change in and improve working conditions for all Clubs, etc. . the form of a decelerating .productivity rate · workers. George Meany believed in But the biggest ,contributions are an out- is interpreted by many to mean that the the equality of all mankind and his growth of the obligation to make a profit work ethic, the willingness to be productive, effort to achieve human rights and and to have a healthy company. Those con· has fallen into disreoute civil rights for all persons was clear tnbutions ve the time and money of our · people a members of the community. I do not believe this. I believe -that we evidence of his belief. During his life­ And what does a company have a right to have misplaced our understanding of mott­ time, George Meany left a mark not expect .from a city and Jts citizens in return? vation and, most important of all, that we only on the labor movement but also We have a right to expect that government, have lost sight of the relationship between on the entire country and hopefully, it u their agent, wW help, not hinder, our ef- individual productivity and prosperity. will long be remembered.• 760 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980 A POPULAR MOCK CONGRESS· · Kim Myzak; a bill to Allow Junior High Italian style cheeses, used in pizzas, while School Students to Smoke Cigare.ttes. the Bluegrass cheese is made in the compa­ Kim Mullins; a bill to Make the School ny's plant in Tompkinsville. However, it is HON. CLARENCE D. LONG Year Shorter. _ . marketed through the division .headquarters OF MARYLAND Melody Petel'.S; a bill to Make ,Abortion 11~ _: in Harrodsburg, Pentzer McNay, sales man­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES legal. · ager for the cheese division, explained. Kathleen lbbott; a bill for Gun Control. The cheese division of Cudahy, with head· Thursday, January 24, 1980 Mary St.ump; a bill to Allow Smoking in ,quarters in Harrodsburg, is part of the Gro­ •Mr.LONG of Maryland.·Mr. Speak­ School. · · cery Products DivisioQ. of Cudahy Foo.ds er, a constitutent, Ms. Dorothy Dowl-: M~a Manalis; a bill to Make Abortions -Co., which is headquartered in Phoenix, ing, has an imaginative ahd effective Illegal. Ariz. Cudahy is a part of General Host. The . Kim Zwinklis; a bill to Make the School company also has a cheese plant in Russell method of teaching her ninth-grade Year Shorter. Springs and an operation in Cynthiana that students at the Stemmers Run Junior Chris Markowsi; a bill to M~e the Legal is presently· being considered for other prod· High School in Essex, Md., about the Drinking Age 18 in all States. uq,ts. legislative process. Denise Sand,ers; a bill to Oµtlaw liand· Winning prizes with their cheeses is not Ms. Dowling conducts a "mock Con.: guns. ' new to Cudahy and its Harrodsburg plant, gress," ·dividing her students into Rep­ Michele Buttrey; a bill to Outlaw Guns. ~· K. Wellmeyer, director of quality assur­ Woori Cho; a bill to Mak~ the School Year ance and product development for the resentatives and ~enators. Ea.ch legis­ -cheese division. explained as he conducted a lator. drafts a bill and submits it to his Shorter. Tina Bates; a bill to Bring the Death Pen• 'tour of the Harrodsburg production· plant or her colleagues. The bills are num­ alty. . and showed different cheeses stored in the bered, debated, ~d ordered to .be Joan Hamilton; a bill to Make Abortions ·large refrigerated storage rooms at the divi­ voted on. Bills that .pass are referred Dlegal. · · sion headquarters. to the President to. be signed into law Billy Seidler; Death Penalty. . In the last five years at the Kentucky or vetoed. . Pam Marcomin; a bill to Allow Junim State Pair, Cudahy has won two gold med­ als and three silver medals in the cheddar Each student gains a special famil­ High Students to Smoke Cigarettes in 0 iarity with the political process and School. ~h ..se division. Since the Italian cheese war Danny Yue; a bill to Bring Back the ad<1ed to the state fair sho:w three years ago, the constitutional system. Ms. Dowl.. the Harrodsburg-produced cheese has won· ing tells me that it ls one of the stu Death Penalty. the blue ribbon every year. Wellmeyer dents' most popular activities. Barbara · Craig; a bill to Short~n the School Year. explained. . But the exercise has meaning far 'be· Kenny Bocam; a bill to Provide Extra Pro­ While most of the cheese is shipped from yond that of a simple pedagogical tool. tection for U.S. Embassies.• the Harrodsburg plant in trailer truckload All of us pave witnessed, with growing lots, the company al.so maintains a retail concern', a decline in citizens' particl­ ·store where its products are avaUable. pation in the political process in this CUDAHY'S CHEESE PRAISED · While the Esquire art1c1e dJIUded only to' country; each year, less people turn the Bluegrass Cheddar cheese, Wellmeyer praised the Cudahy Wilderness Trail · raw out to vote. And the special interests · HON. TIM LEE CARTER .milk cheddar cheese as one of the finest step in ~o 'fill the vacuum that this products of the company. Bluegrass Ched­ ·apathy has created. l>F KERTUCKY IN THE HOUSE OF ·REPRESENTATIVES dar is made from pasturized milk. The situation is deplorable-and re­ Products from the Harrodsburg- plant are versible. Ms. Dowling ·has given her' Thursday, Janua,:v.24, 1980 .shipped all over the country and are ··mat· stJ.£de_p_t_s the tools-and · the ·motiva­ • Mr. CARTER. Mr~ Speaker, my keted in packages of a number of companies tion-to paruc1pate 1n tne 11v.1.u,1CA1 home State of Kentucky has long : that use the Italian style cheese . in both process. Good citizenship can be been famous for Its bourbon, . fast ·fresh and frozen nizzas. taught by good teachers, just as-the Approximately 60 people are employed at "3 horses, and beautiful women. What the Harrodsburg plant and 483,000 pounds R's" can be. may not be ~ well known is that Ken­ . or about 56.000 gallons, of milk are handled The bills I ,;eceived from the stu­ tucky produces -some fine cheese as ~aily in the cheese operation. The milk dents at Stenimers Run Junior High well. . comes in tank true~ from farms within a 50 are· as follows: Esquire magazine last year rated to 60 mile radius of Harrodsburg. Milk also Tony Appel; a bill to Allow Teenagers 14 "Bluegrass Cheese," a cheddar mar­ is purchased from Dairymen Inc. and at and Older to Ride a Moped. keted through the Cudahy Foods, Co., tunes from as far away as Michigan, Mary­ Lisa Davis; a bill to Increase the National in Harrodsburg, Ky., as the "second land and Georgia. W ellmeyer explained. Minimum Wage. best in the United States." Stored in two large refrigerated silos, the Russell Hershberger; a bill to Build the milk is,pasturlzed and then goes through a I While "Bluegrass cheese" is mar­ ··31A, hour process in vats to be transferred MX Missile System. I Gerv Griffin; a bill to Ban the Use of Hart keted through ' Harrodsburg, am into the stretchy cheese that is a principa• and Miller Islands on Middle River as .a, proud to say that it is actually made in ingredient of pizzas. · Dumping Ground for Dredged Wastes of Tompkinsville, Ky., my hometown. From the vats. the mozzarella cheese is Baltimore Harbor. 1·wish to include for the RECORD an . f orm.ed intQ blocks and provolone into tube­ Joe Samek; a bill to Keep-More Armed article from the Danv.ille Advocate­ style packages, floated in vats of brine for Guards in the United States Embassies. Messenger which described the ma:i:m­ 16 to 18 hours, packaged .in airtight plastic Leah. Barr; a bill to Cut off all Aid to For· facture of Bluegrass and other cheeses and then refrigerated. The mozzarella is­ eign Nations that Have not Kept Agree- by Cudahy in Kentucky: ready for shipment to customers in a few ments with the U.S. · days, ·while the provolone is generally aged Yong Kim; a. bill to Build the B-1 Bomber. CUDAHY'S CHEESE PRAISED IN MAGAZINE longer before being shipped to the pizza Jacki Myers; a bill to Prohibit the Smok­ HARRODSBURG.-A Kentucky .cheese that is makers or the store where it is sold. ing of Cigarettes in Public. marketed through the cheese division head­ other cheeses are aged for longer periods, Kevin Via; a bill to Pass Against the Dis· quarters of Cudahy Foods Co. in Harrods­ with the prize winning cheddar mentioned criminatton of Teenagers. · burg is receiving national recognition by de Groot being 18 months old. Another Treva Pennington; Teen Intermediaries through an article in the November issue of larger seller is Black . Mountain, which is Need Equal Rights. t:squire magazine. made in Wisconsin and aged for a year be­ Donna. Lanocha; a bill to Allow Junior In the article, Roy Andries de Groot, a fore being sold. U.lKb.... St.ud~nts .. to- &noke. Cigarettes: in !requent writer for !Bquire on food and Wellmeyer explained that the color of the School. drink, reports his "recent tasting of 49 dif· package-white, red, brown or black-indi· 'J'Pl"esa. Davis; R bill to LegaJi7,e the Rining ferent wedges of cheddar revealed a lot of ca.tes the age of the cheese with the darker ora· Motoce)'"'.ie or Mini-Blke on ,;he Stre~i.s .tndifferent · cheeses and the following out­ .colors having been aged longer. for Children 15 years of Age and Older. standing examples:" While directing the maintenance of qual­ Jean Vicchio; a bill to Make Abortion II· ~e cited as tbe "second best in the U.S.: ity in the present products, Wellmeyer also legal. Bluegrass cheddar from Harrodsburg, in­ 1s developil').g new prod'ucts for the company Laura Szymanski; a bill to Give Students .a Kentuck~ 18- months old, available at as part of his research. An. Italian cheese is Personal Col\imn in the Newspapers to Ex­ cheese shops. ·being made rtow from dry or powdered milk press their Opinions on Anything They Feel .The Cudahy _plant .in U.arrodsburg_pr.o-_ and other types of products are being -stud­ is Important. duces primarily mozzarella and provolone, ied. January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 761 During the tour, Wellmeyer explained Development Council and is funded by fice of Education. Two other high schools that the making of cheese is "pretty much a the u .S. Office of Education. Also par- are participating: August Martin HS and hand operation" although machinery · is ticipating in this program :are two Beach Channel HS of Queens. used in some phases of the work. other Queens high schools: August The students work four days each week As he displayed Wildemess Trail cheese in Martin High School and .Beach Chan- and spend the tilth day at a ,seminar at the large refrigerated area, Wellmeyer York CoUe,ee. 'I.be students from the Glree ·called it a "beauty" and said it had been the nel High School. . . high miools exchange experiences -on such "cheese lover's cheese of the month." It is The program is ge&!led at in:troduc· · things as dealing with .boues and ~workers sold through delicate~ens. -ing high .school students to a variety and functioning in the working world. The whey that is left after 'the cheese of-employment opportunities in an at- Dolores Kuhnle, a senior, J~t concluded a malting out." · their lives, crossing hundreds of miles of nior took the news calmly. EIGHT STUDENTS AT TWA ocean in small boats and leaving their fami- "That's .good." she said. "That's how you i in th i A TWA spokesman said eight students lies, to flee repressive condi t ons e r eet to learn how things are." · were working at the airline and added that homeland and seek political asylum in the And lea-'...... how tt.., .... _. are was the in- 1.uu.1,5 1.1..LU5o TWA was "very hot" on the program. "It's United States, tent of the career-tryout program 1n which beneficial to everyone to gtve high schoolers Therefore be it resolved that the Attomey Donna had enrolled. For lO weeks she knowledge and experience in a real work sit- General of the. United States shall immedi· ...... ght at the day care· c.enter to get a taste ·- · ~ uation,'' the spok-esman said. . . ately grant parole-political asylum-to all of a career while earning credits toward Diana Jud, a junior, works as a ground Haitians presently in the United States who high school graduation. · · hostess across the way from Liz at United seek political asylum, and The bites, incidentally, ·weren't a· form of Further be it resol:v.ed that United States attack, even though the .pupils nibbled her' Airlines. · to H iti h uld "Trying a Job llke this is good experi- foreign policy, as it Telates a • s o arm fr.om fingers .to shoulder. ence-I like meeting people and having vari- have as lts hig1lest purpose, the easing · of . TTTST SA._,.,.,.,... "HELLO, " ht h H •t· to uu z.- ety on the Job--1 prefer to be rushing ~~~srh~g.n::,:~an:.• c cause ai ians "It worked out okay," Donna said, with a' around with lots of :work instead of doing sigh of relief. "The kids didn't bite after nothing. My mother thinks this is a wonder­ that. The director told me' later that was ful program. She said she mlght ·not be Just PROGRAM WITH BITE how they said hello." a bousewife today if she'd had a chance to During the 1>rogram, 25.. Lane. __ stu.dents see what some Jobs were llke." HON. JOSEPH' P. ADDABBO worked at real jobs in real firms for 10 WORKED AT MORGUE weeks, tllen returned to class, w~e another Michele Kuhnle, Dolores' sister, i. Junior, OF NEW YORK 22 students became -empl:oyes for another recently concluded a cycle at the morgue at IN.THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTAT.IVES 10-week cycle. . Ever since she tried and found she en­ Queens .General Hospital, a Job that earned Thursday, January 24, 1980 joyed teaching S~day school, Donna her a lot of status Jl,Ild attention.: in school, shesaid. · e Mr. ADDABBO. Mr. Speaker, I 8.JXl thought of a career ·working with children. ''I liked animals .and there was a Job, an submitting for the RECORD an article Her experience at the Starlight Day Care animal shelter in the program," she said. from the New York Dally News for Center in Jamaica whetted that enthusiasm, . "So I wound up at the hospital pathology -in spite of all the little nippers. In fact, she. department, injecting mice in the stomach Sunday, December 9, 1979, which was has accepted a summer Job at the center. recently brought to ·:my attention. · with alcohol for a resear.ch project. J'OINTLY SPONSmtED The article deals with a program_ "I got .mad when I learned what I had to The program, called Career Bridges, is do, the first day~ I almost fainted the first presently .underway at Franklln K. sponsored by the Aviation Development· time I put a needle in. My mother told me Lane Junior High .School in New York Council. which represents the scheduled atrJ to try it a few days, not to tell the people city. The program, called Career lines in the-Greater New Y-ork area, and the.' there I couldn't do it. And I got very in­ Bridges, is sponsored by the Aviation Port Authority. It ·ts funded .by-the U.S. Of- . volved in the research. I spent the last four 762 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980 weeks typing re~rts:. ~:an~],Ys,e~, l: w~·of- . .over 2,000 delegates have traveled to try, and schools can play In solving fered'a summer Job w.hen I finished·up." · the Motor City, also the site of the· this problem, aµid they,.stand ready to G'ottlieb mentioned ·wrg1y· .th~ some: stu­ I dents expressed·disappointment when they 1980 Republican National Convention, commit their resources to this effort. went back to the school regimen. ''After to attend-over 125 educational inseiv- would like to insert Into the RECORD a being treated llke responsible adults they ice professional training workshops plan that Mr. Lewis J. Carter, a con­ resent going back to discl,pline like· hall and seminars. Over 100 Industrial, stituent, and the national labor direc-1 passes and holding up your hand to leave commercial, business and govern.men- tor for . the NAACP, has developed· the room," she said. tal information exhibits are being dis- .. that would suggest how a plan utiliz­ Diane Simeon has tested two careers in j)layed. · Ing the efforts from schools, business"'.· Lane's program. as a teacher's &1&istant last ... The organization is headed by James es, and the NAACP could operate. year at the Bernard Fineson Devel~mental T. Perry of Royal Oak, who will pre- ·The plan follows: Center for retarded youngsters and last Sep­ tember as a mall clerk and claims handler side over the installation of. William PLAN oF LEwis J. CARTER for Trans World Airlines at Kennedy Inter­ Uplnll_ as -1980 president. Upina also Prime among the N.6'..A.C.P.'s goals and national Airport. serves as · general manager of the · ·priorities, Is finding ways and means to She believes her experience at Flneson ls Michigan State Fair, and is on the erode the· persistent un-employment rate of directing her to a career of helping dis­ staff of the---Michigan Department of blacks and other minorities, particularly turbed children. -. Natural Resources. black youth in this country. SHAKEN BY EXPERIENCE MRPA has been active in its promo- Unlike the National Urban League, O.I.C.,. 8.E.R., and similar organizations, the "I was so shaken when I went home and tion o f congressi ona1 and a dministra- N.A.A.C.P. does not engage ~ nationally _ saw my 4-year-old brother doing things that tive support for the Land and Water funded Job-training programs. However, we 12-year-olds at the center couldn't do," she . Conservation Fund Act and other im- do encourage, advocate, and participate in recalled. "Worse was seeing kids only a cou­ portant leisure service related issues. legislative activities, and the monitoring of: ple of ye8,J'JI younger than me not beil)g able The group has been singled out by the certain programs. We intend to expand to walk or talk." , National Recreation and Park Associ- these· activities for . we recognize the con~ Diane, 17, wrote to her adviser after her ation, located in Arlington, va., as one tinuous need for adequate public and pri-· i'trieson Job: "The children-did not need zny vate sector initbi.tlves, designed toward curb- sympathy because that did not help them. o f the most influen tial and aggreS$i ve t:ng this disproportionate phenomenon, that The only way I could help th~se kids was to ~tate afflliaites In the country. · p!agues the black community in its desire· to try to help them function as close as possi­ Cons~rvation, the , environment, achieve economic parity with its American: ble to normal everyday life. i had to realize urban policy, inflation, governmental counter-parts. The key for both groups is and accept that they were not normal and responsiveness and efficiency, profes- meaningful and permanent employment. never will be normal and I could not change sionalism, civil rights, equal opportuni- We recognize that the principal factor tn­ that." ty ·and energy are vital items on the fluencing employment opportunities for The program's coordinator at Lane, Mar­ agenda of the association. MRPA an- bls.cks during the last decade, center around cia Gottlieb, said that about 400 Lane stu­ nually honors key leaders throughout - the behavior of the national economy. Sim- d.ents have taken part in the c~eer cycles in he Nation for their contributions to ply put, during the. strong upsurge of eco-. the three years since the project began. The t nomic factors in the 1960's, blacks found 10-week Jobs with various firms are negoti­ improve the general quality of Uf e for their employment situaiion improved rela- ated by the sponsoring council, but Gottlieb Michigan residents. Recent award win- tive to the country as a whole. However, and her assistant, Fran Mccusker, sift stu­ -ners have included Gov. William ?¥Jilli· with the economic.stagnation of the 1970's, dent applications and match the teens with ken, Industrialist C. S. -Mott (now de- whicb included persistent inflation, lower the Jobs. The student employees are not ceased), Los Angeles Dodger Steve productivity, and periodic recessions, blacks paid except for transp9rtation. Garvey and NCAA 1979 Championship have suffered higher un-employment - . qualified staff, preservation and con- exist, that we wish to speak to, and offer lems and those- we think are Just looking for servation. efforts, renewed public con- recommendations and possible solutions. an excuse to get out of school for 10 weeks. fidence and support via members of It seems to us, that before program de­ · "None of the employers have dropped us in that time," she said proudly, "but we've the Michigan Recreation and Park As.. · signs can be implemented to curb some of dropped employers who didn't·do what the}' sociation. · the aforementioned ills, the nation has to As the association approaches the examine lts institutional failures, particular- promised."• ly the educational system. This is but one · decade of the 1980's, the convention aspect of the problem, but it is a critical di- theme of "Decade of Decision" seems mension. It links directly with our broader MICHIGAN RECREATION AND appropriate. An organization pledged concern: how can the nation provide a PARK ASSOCIATION OBSERVES to quality and quantity leisure services framework for its unemployed. Politically, 45TH ANNIVERSARY - is anxious for that decision to be In we support the initial full employment aims support of park · and recreation agen-. of the· 1946. governmental legislatiQn, and cies at all levels of goverriment.e the current Humphrey-Hawkins Full Em- HON. CARL D. PURSELL ployment Act. If these approaches were OF MICHIGAN fully recognized and complied with by both the public and private sectors of thjs coun-. IN THE .HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES UNEMPLOYMENT AMONG M~ORITY YOUTH try, we could move forward. After all, these Thursday, January 24, 19,80 · legislative efforts are approved laws of the land. · e Mr. PURSELL. Mr. Speaker, the HON. CHARLES B. RANGEL Currently, the N.A.A.C.P. is negotiating Michigan. Recreation and Park Associ­ OF NEW YORK nationally with a program design that en­ courages and emphasizes linkage between ation is celebr~tin.g their 45th year of IN THE HOUSE 01' REPRESENTATIVES existence at its annual meeting in De­ the National All_ianc~ of 'Businessmen, tradi· Thyrsday, January 24, 19_80 tional black colleges and our Association,! troit, January 20-23, 1980, at the De­ The following excerpts generally~. explain' troit Plaza Renaissance Center Hotel. e.__Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, one of the concept. This 'program emphasis has I am sure I can speak for all of my col­ · th'e most serious, if not the most seri- generally been designed toward assisting leagues in offering congratulations for ous problem facing my district, and black un-employed youth ages 16-24, but is the many years of accomplishment many comm~ties around the Nation_· _applicable to the needs of black and other ·and work in behalf of outdoor recrea- is the unconscionably high rate of un- minority adults . who are tion. · employment for minority youths. We searching for·pennanent e~ployment. .. The association, second largest pro­ as legislators have an important re- The proposed program will be a tripartite sponsibllity to ameliorate this prob- relationship between tJiree uniquely quali- fessional leisure service group _of its fied American institutions. The first compo­ kind in ·the United States, is a non­ lem, however, the answer cannot and nent of the relationship is the business and profit public service organization will not· be solved by government ac- industrial community represented by N.A.B. headquartered in Michigan's State tion alone. The NAACP recognizes the As an association, N.A.B. has already em­ .capital of Lansing. · role that private organizations, Indus- phasized their concern in public statements January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 763 and in programs to upgrade the skills of nles. Many of these firms provide the cur­ tlon Act: This legislation would estab­ black workers. However, we wish to move rent major hiring experiences. lish-a Federal program for health pro­ further in tJ;lese efforts. The second compo­ Next, there ls a need for the recogni­ motion and disease prevention by initi-. nent of the I.relationship will include the tra­ tion of minority· business participation on atlng comprehensive programs to pro­ ditional black colleges. The colleges have an these councils. This ls an excellent opportu-· exceptional talent base of faculty and stu­ nrty to build upon the relationship of these vide preventive information, to train. dents .with direct ties to black youth and firpis and the larger community on develop­ the needed manpower, to teach chll-' adults. They have not been funded in most ing new Job opportunities. dren. the value of prevention. and io. cases to develop linkages with black youth, . In essence our current view' ls that too lit­ P-romote much:needed research in this. and we feel that this ls a major mistake in tle ls known by major businesses, and labor, developing area of health care. ·· designing programs. The linkage is natural. of the potential of marginal and minority · I regret that Congress has not yet The third component of the relationship companies contributions toward potentially chosen to act upon my bill. · Mean­ · wUI include the N.A.A.C.P. We can use our expanded hiring and Job development OP· unique network of 1700 branches and over pQrtunities. while, how2ver, I am pleased that a 450,000 members at the grass root level to , (2) We are convinced that the current tax growing awareness and consensus has seek out these un-employed persons and incentive thrust of the U.S. Department of been emerging with respect to what persuade them that the solutions we seek Labor is on target, toward stimulating pri­ we call preventive medicine~ Fortu­ are real, not simply to get jobs, but to create vate sector participation in new job develop­ nately' many individuals and groups a standby anchor that stimulates a climat-e ment and permanent on-the-Job-training op­ are becoming more and more con­ which tells these individuals that there ls, in portunities for the currently defined hard. cerned about . not only -treating dis­ fact, a real assurance of job upward mobility to-employ. Therefore, we ·recommend that eases and injuries, but also· promoting . and permanency. priority emphasis be given by the private better health practices. The program would operate in the follow· sector, toward the utilization of such oppqr~ ingmanner: tunities. In that regard, I would like to insert First, the N.A.A.C.P. in conjunction with (3) Bargaining agreements between indus­ in the RECORD an article from the the companies in N.A.B. will attempt to Jet ·try and labor should include clauses that Michigan School Board Journal about each of the companies In the fortune 500 to insure affirmative action goals and timeta­ a related program involving teachers: commit one percent of the domestic work· bles. The N.A.A.c.P: recognizes that in eco­ of Livonia Public Schools in ~Y dis,;.. force to jobs for the ·chronically un-em­ nomic conditions that warrant union em· trlct: ployed. This idea was put forth by David _ployee lay-offs. senio_r!_ty_ rights will prevail Mahoney, Chfef Executive · Officer of m most cases. We suggest that the tlnited CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS IN THE CLASSROOM; Norton and Simon and we strongly support Automobile . Workers CU.A.W.) concept of the concept. We have also modified this "inverse" seniority ·provisions, which helps concept to include moderate sized compa­ maintain ·and preserve minority affirmative , "0.K., now stretch to the ceiling. Three nies, that provide that majority of new jobs. action gains in these periods, be universally; sets, counting to five.'' In order to achieve a systematic approach to accepted by organized . labor. This concept Thirty people, of all. ages, all sizes, garbed the effort, each company within N.A.B. will can be discussed in more detail at the appro- in everything from sweatsuits to sleek leo-: tairds and tights, start moving. Right hand be asked to complete a short survey. They priate occasion. . 1 will be interviewed by a staff selected in <4> The experiments associated with flexy· up, left foot pushing. Stretch, stretch. conjunction with black colleges and compa­ time and "shared" wor~ experiences, have "Now, position yourselves for body nies and the N.A.A.C.P. merit and can be maximized to a larger de- waves.'' The trim, graying woman at tl~e'. Second, in the survey, each of the compa­ gree, than now displayed . front of the gym puts_her hands together nies will be asked to outline what efforts <5> As indicated previously, the N.A.A.C.P. over head and bends to the side from her would be needed in order to commit one per­ ls concerned witn imroving basic education­ waist. "H9ld for 10.'' Silence, as every body cent of their job slots to our clients; prob­ al curriculum and concepts, that relate to waves to the rtght. "Change. Hold for 10.'' lems they· foresee in planning the effort, the world of work. This indicates and sug­ It ls 5:25 p'.m. on a. Friday and already :and related problems they foresee in plan­ gests a closer working relationship between three similar groups have met at the Whit, 'ning the effort, and related problems which , the publi~ and private sector and our educa­ man Center, once a Junior high school in could affect· the long term recruitment tional system. This recommendation ·ls al· the Livonia Public Scho¢. District, Livonia, 'efforts. most mandatory. Michigan, and· now an adult and community J. Third, black colleges, the N.A.A.C.P., and Altho\\gh our presentation is not all inclu­ education center. These four groups, total­ ·companies will attempt to devise programs· sive. we remind this group in closing of one ling 219 staff members of the Livonia Public based on the surveys. which are directed at concern. An element of. our American soci­ School District, make up the Cardiovascular the following goals: increasing the num-. ety sets forth a notion, that we have to ac­ Health and Fitness Program which began in ber of work study programs between compa-·· commodate a percentage and/or segment of February, 1979. . nies; increasing the number of programs our population that are un-employable and In cooperation.with the.Livonia Family Y, in black colleges which. are linked to the too poorly equipped, educationally and emo­ a branch of the YMCA of metropolitan De­ long range needs of industries and the tionally for the. world of work. This, to the troit, the program is a smashing hit, and creation of programs within black colleges N.A.A.C.P. ls debatable. even the spring weather hasn't deterred the where youth can strengthen th~e skills Our unequivocal position is that all meas­ participants from improving their bodies by which will increase their long/range mobil- ures and means available to the private and bending, twisting and pushing them in every . ity in specific 'industrial work forces. The public sector of this country, have to be uti­ possible direction. . key aspect of black colleges ls serving as an lized to assure, as the Humphrey-Hawkins "Smile, everyone. It ls time to. run.'' Rock intervention agerit to provide supportive Full Employment Act states: that au· work­ music- blares from a portable tape player mechanisms absent in the immediate envi­ ing age citizel}S of this country be provided and the 30 bodies, which have been ronment of youth and the institutions the opportunity for meaningful employ­ stretched and exercised for some 20 min­ where they have been educated. ment and a decent wage, rather than the utes, start to move to th~ beat. Jogging in This effort, we feel, if pursued by realistic socio-economic frustration, an alternative place, skipping, running laps-the · pace commitment,· ls feasible and can be tested that this country currently bears, by not speeds up. "Stay loose, Relax. Swing!" The for effectiveness, and hopefully permanent providing imaginative alternatives to curb­ cardiovascular portion of the class, which employment resuly for the hard-to-employ. ing the chronic and long term un-employ­ follows the stretching exercises, includes A flow chart is ·included on .the following ment status of the defined hard-to-employ.e three sustained spurts of activity and two page (pg. 6) brief pauses, so the participants can check In conc!usion, we would like to leave with their ·pulse rates. ·· you, several other. recommendations, as a "Are you working up to capacity?" shouts by-product of our continuous work with the CARDIOVASCULAR FITNESS IN the instructor, herself in perfect shape and U.S. Labor Department, regarding C.E.T.A THE. CLASSROOM ·not even out of breath. "Do not work too legislation, particularly Title VII. hard, but do not be to easy on yourself." : <1> Private Industry councils en­ Now, your left.'' Pulses are checked ·again. courage this development as a further link· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES By way ·of a formula based on age and level .age between the private and public sector. Thursday, January 24, 1980 of fitness, each person knows what his/her However, we feel that their work should be pulse rat-e .should be in order to be working closely monitored, and extended to include •Mr.PURSELL. Mr. Speaker, during up to potential. Pulses are checked for 10 the following: the 95th Congress and again la.st year seconds and everyone in t_he room can ad­ .1 We encourage an enhanced member­ I· introduced the proposed Federal -Just the amount of effort being expended, if ship role and function of marginal compa- Health Promotion and Disease Preven- necessary. 764 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980

"That was your rest period," the instruc· supplied that. He formed & team of adminis­ improves, the groups will be outside often tor shouts, as a new song comes on and· the ~rators into a fitness committee to look into and it will be even more impossible to leave beat picks up. "Run!" The group sprints the kinds of .programs'·avallable to staf(. Be­ the sessions depressed or down. The sounds, across the gym floor, then jogs in place: cause a history of cooperation between the the camaraderie, the smens, the i eel of a ·Faces are flushed and sweaty, but everyone district and the Livonia Family Y exists, a Junior high gymnasium have become a kind seems to · catch his/her second wind and plan was worked out in early January. The of exercise in optimism. ••rn go to class/' smiles. abound. "Follow me." She weaves a district agreed to contribute half of the $50 said one woman after a difficult, pressure­ figure eight pattern · around the gym and cost of the program as an incentive to Join. filled day with .her students. "and then I people run easily. "Now, slow down." The Justification of this outlay of money came know I'll feel better." That's what it is all pace calms. "Walk. Shoulders back, tummy through assumed benefits to students and about-in the short run, or for the long in. Be proud." The group walks in a circle. staff, and steps are. being taken to measure J:iaul-feeling better.e Lots of smiles now-the session is nearly those effects. over. Before beginning -the classes, which are · "Stop. Hands on your rib cage. Breathe in. led by instructors from the Y, each particl· YAKUNIN,' REGELSON, DUDKO, And out. Breathe in. And out. Now, right leg pant had to go through a screening process AND NOW ~AKHAROV out. · Reach for your ankle. Change legs. to check out the f O\ll commonly accepted Reach, reach. O.K., now, easy, touch your risk areas: smoking, cholesterol, blood pres­ - ·- left shoulder with your right hand. Left sure and percentage of body fat. Minimum HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK hand on right shoulder. · risk levels had to be met by each participant Ol'OHIO Arms in the air, as everyone slows his/her before s/he could begin class. Those who pulse rate down. Cooling down is as i.mpor· could not pass the screening had to be ex­ IN THE HOUSE QP REPRESENTATIVES tant as warming up. amined by their doctors and receive permis· "It is Friday. Have a good weekend; but do sion to participate. Thursday. Jan'l!,arJJ 24. 1980 not indulge too much. That is it for today. The next step was a fitness evaluation, e Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker. the See you Monday." · wherein staff members of the Y tested the arrest of Andrei Sakharov see~ to be Applause. The group clusters around the strength, flexibWty and endurance of each having the same effect on our coun­ instructor, a grandmother Who was· told ·by person-overall and in various p·arts of the try's foreign policy establishment as her doctor several years ago that she should · body. Each person rode a st~tionary bicycle . start getting some exercise. She enrolled in for· approximately nine minutes. with the the brutal invasion of Afghanistan• . some courses at the Livonia Family Y and pressure increased at three minute inter· Both are being heralded as markfQg started down the road to leading classes for vals. A staff person ,checked heart rates "the end of d~tente.'" · out-of-shape school employees. For the with each increase. The final step in the. This interpretation wm have wel­ folks in the 5:15 p.m. class range in age from evaluation was to go over all the physical in­ come effects in so far as it underlines 25 to 61, with as much variety in their past formation with the individual. Advice was .\b,_e necessity for drastic changes in exercise record and physical condition. aiven about diet and exercises to do at home. - · : American policy. Nevertheless, it is in · Some ·are and have been fitness freaks. itself mistaken. D~nte has· not ended · They went into the class. which began Feb­ The classes run three days a week .for 45 for the simple r~ason that on the Sovi· ruary 5 and which will go to the end of the minutes each. Those classes convinced just 1978-79\school year, thinking it would be a about all participants that regardless of et side it never exist.ed to begin with. . piece of cake. They have found differently. what the fitness tests showed, they were out Contrary to what· you might think They may have more endurance for the of shape. For the exercises-cardiovascular · from glancing ·at the headlines in running.. but have found the stretching ex­ and stretching-are· har1!! ·Many stiff bodies Western newspapers. the arrest of ercises challenging, Others jog regularly walked aroond the schools artd buildings in and. still others play an occasional game of ;Sakharov does not repr.esent a change· the district for weeks. Members commtser· of course in Soviet.policy. It is simply racquetball. Some have never exercised at ated and groaned. but kept on going. The all. The group is a cross section of this large· memory of the pain of th,ose first days is so the culmination of a ·crackdown on dfs­ school district, as ·are ·the other groups, strong that people are afraid to., mfss a ses­ sidept leaders which has been under which meet at '7:00 a.m., 3:15 p.m. and 4:15 sion. It is said that if one misses two weeks way for years. ~~ - - 'of classes, s/he will have lost 25% of the fit­ The Western media have virtually The Livonia Public School district is in ness built up. So on Good Friday and over Ignored the Soviet regime's campaig~ one of the first-ring suburbs of Detroit. Li· spring break, people went to the Whitman against religious and human-rights ac­ vonia enjoyed a fantastic growth spurt in ·· gym or the Livonia Y. In fact, the program the 1960's and the district hired young peo· Ji.as caused many to rearrange their social tivists who lack the celebrity status of pie en masse from surrounding universities. lives ~d morning schedules to attend. the Shcharanskys and the Sakharovs. Now, more than 10 years later, enrollment is While Western attention has been riv­ declining and teachers who began workini AB the commiserating and groaning topt eted on the crisis in the Middle East,. in 1969 and 1970 have been laid off. The place, a hidden benefit of the program began to emerge-a kind of esprit de corps · the Soviets have been tightening the Board of Education now. approves more noose on religious. dissent. sympathy and retirement resolutions than among the members. At the Central Office, new teacher contracts. ·Staff in-service. is a for example, where roughly a third of the ·The vic~ims.of this new wave of ar­ high priority and the cardiovascular fitness employees have joined the program, it be­ rests, while relatively unknown in the program may go a long way t~ward de~ came a staple of coffee room conversation West, are among the most inspiring with the problems an . older staff experi­ and stories of the various exercises done symbols of faith for their fell ow ChrisJ ences. · with partners h"ve become items for repeti· tians in the Soviet empire. A declining enrollment district like Li­ ·tion. Discussions about"Who is the best exer­ vonia loses its younger staff members to a cise leader have raged heavtly in the dis· Father Gleb Yak.unin was arrested lay-of( procedure based on seniority. Declin· trtot. This sense of community is particular· on November 1. Father Yakunin is a ing enrollment also brings other negative ly welcome In a llµ'ge suburban school sys. founder of , the 3-year-old Christian\ qualities. The teachers who remain in the tern that fs experiencing rapid change. Committee for the Defense of Believ­ classrooms are often shuffled around be­ More than 2,500 employees earn a living ers Rights in_ the U.S~S.R. which to cause of th~ constant lay-offs. Some have to in the-Livonia Public School District. That date has sent to the West more than teach in their minor fields, which they may 219 of them cho_ose to c;pmmlt themselves to 1,000 pages of documentation on viola­ not have studied since college days.- As a fitness class has a · significance that is tions of the rights of all religious b~­ schools are closed. new groups of youngsters greater than the numbers. Disc1:JSSions are . are brought .together in different schools. now going -on about the future. Should a lievers-ineluding not only Orthodox The constant state of flux differs markedly program be offered in the summer? Should but also Baptists, Pentecostals, Catho­ from that brought-about by grow.th. howev· the district continue its association with the lics, Adventists, and Jews. In what is er, and tension level§ are high, The fitness Family Y or should It take over the program thought to be an unprecedented move, program is an attempt to deal with that more fully? Should the. district continue to Soviet officials confiscated Father Ya­ stress and to somehow allay the alarming underwrite a portion of the costs for the kunin's personal icons. number of heart attacks and other physical participants? For new participants only? Lev Regelson, an Orthodox layman, problems experienced among .the staff. Re­ How can· the commitment to fitness be car· was arrested on .December 24-which ducing stress has an ind.irect, yet beneficial, ried ov~r from the group setting at the impact in the classroom. It is widely sug­ Whitman gym to people's personal lives? suggests that the authorities went out gested. Calmer, more relaxed teachers seem How can the district measure the effect the of their way to pick a time when West­ to perform be~:i~an those under stress. program has had on the 219 people? On the ern attention would be minimal. Mr. . It took some trative muscle and or­ district? · Regelson is a leader in the Christian ganization to get the program started, how· Physical fitness is preventive medicine, as Seminar on Problems of the Religious ever. and Superintendent George Garver well as an· anti-depressant. As the weather Renaissan~e, a 5-year-old discussion January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 765 group .of ·young Orthodox intellec­ Study of Religion and Communism, in !of oil per day, would be achieved solely tualls, all of whom are adult converts Kent, England. through programs directed at. making low­ to Christian.ity. He is also the author In the light of these and other tough, new income people more energy self-reliant. of "The Tragedy of the Russian crackdowns, Amnesty International an­ Poor people, according to the plan, would Church 1917-1945," published 3 years nounced Jan. 15 the heightening of its own be on the cutting edge of social and techno· ago in Paris. In 1975 he and Father· Soviet rights monitoring campaign. logical change by helping demonstrate the Yakunin coauthored an appeal to the The London-based rights monitoring net­ effectiveness of massive energy conservation work claims that more than 40 key Soviet and renewable energy utilization technol­ World Council of Churches, urging activists were arrested or sentenced harshly ogies. that body to stop ignoring religious in the past three months for nonviolent ex· "If this much can be achieved by the low­ persecution in the Soviet Union. er~ise of human rights. income sector, the sector that used the least Just last week the authorities arrest­ The diversity of arrests and sentencing· re­ energy per capita, the potential for a renew­ ed Father Dmitri Dudko, who is per­ veals the scope of this crackdown-arrest of able energy future will be demonstrated for haps the most renowned Orthodox •the prominent rights campaigner of the all Americans," concludes John McBride, preacher in the Soviet empire. It was Helsinki rights monitoring group in Mos­ Deputy Director for Policy and Technology he who, in his famous "dialog· ser­ cow, Tatyana Velikanova; arrest of the at NCAT and principal author of the pro- mQns..,_" adopted the dramatically new founder of the Moscow Christian Commit­ posed energy plan. · tee for the Defense of Believers' Rights, Energy savings of the "poor people's ener­ pr~ctice of soliciting . and answering Orthodox clergyman Gleb Yakunin; sen­ gy plan" would .not be achieved by forcing specific questions from his audiences. tencing of Ukrainian writer Yuri Badzyo to low-income consumers to make do with less, The texts of these sermons, repro­ 12 years for "anti-Soviet agitation and prop­ nor by setting prohibitively high prices. duced in samizdat. have been distrib­ aganda"; sentencing of Baptists Ivan Kirili­ Rather, the savings would accrue from ac­ uted underground all over Russia and juk and Vyacheslav Zayats to 12 and 10 celerated energy conservation wotk on low­ published abroad in English transla­ years, respectively, for what Amnesty calls incomes homes, installation of solar heating tion. "criminal charges ostensibly unrelated to systems, construction of energy-efficient their religious activity"; confinement of An­ .public housing, refitting and improving the Mr. Speaker, it . would be nothing. atoly Poznyakov, a member of an independ­ gas mileage of older cars, production of alco­ short of-tragi~ if we allowed ourselves ent trade union, to a special psychiatric hos­ hol fuels, and use of greenhouses, communi­ to concentrate on Mr. Sakharov to the pital; the arrest of Reshat Dzhemilev, a ty agriculture and alternative food market­ exclusion of . these lesser known fig­ Crimean Tartar-rights activist. ing systems in low-income areas. ures. We must convey to Moscow, by Keston College attributes the clampdown Despite the substantial overall energy sav­ both wo_rd and :deed, that we are on .Soviet Christians partly to a lapse of ings it might achieve, the principal goal of ·watching the fates of all these dissi- Western attention· to them due to the Iran the NCAT plan is to increase the self-reli-' dents, not just one or two of them, and crisis. ance of low-income people, to blunt the im­ that we consider human freedom to be To encourage release of pr~oners of con­ pact of high costs and diminishing supplies science, Amnesty addressed an open letter of energy, and, at the same time, to alleviate indivisible. Six months or two year~ to Soviet President Leonid.Brezhnev in Oc­ some of the basic problems of poverty. , from now the -Soviet authorities may tober emphasizing international concern The NCAT proposal notes that, although decide to allow Sakharov to return to over human rights violations in the USSR. President Carter called conservation the Moscow-with a ffourish of propagan­ So far the result has been a heightened "cornerstone" of his national energy policy· da alleging a thaw in their policies. We countrywide crackdown. in 1977, priority has instead been given to must make it unmistakably clear that Since the letter, the Soviet government an $88-billion, 10-year synthetic fuels devel­ . as long as the U.S.S.R. refuses to let decreed an amnesty .to mark the Interna­ opment progratn, · including a proposed the church perform her evangelical tional Year of the Child. But no political Presidential commission to expedite it. mission free of state interference. we prisoners are known to have been released "Why- are there no multi-billion-dollar under it.e conservation and renewable energy pro­ will not be misled for one single in- grams and a Presidential commission with · stant. · the authority to clear roadblocks in the I commend to your attention a re­ NCAT NATIONAL ENERGY PLAN path of conservation and renewable energy cent article on the Soviet crackdown development?" the NCAT report asks. by · Richard Harley of the Christian The "poor people's energy plan" proposed Science Monitor. The text of the arti- HON. ANTHONY C. BEILENSON by 1'rCAT calls for a major Federal program that both attacks the devastating energy cle follows: OF CALIFORNIA problems of/ poor people and demonstrates SOVIETS CRACK DOWN ON CHRISTIANS WHO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the promise of renewable energy and con­ CAMPAIGN FOR HUMAN RIGHTS servation. Thursday, January 24, 1980 "America is presently engaged in a critical BosToN.-They are young Russians in • debate over how best to meet the energy cri­ Mr. BEILENS'ON. Mr. Speaker, as 'sis," said Edwin C. Kepler, NCAT, executive Moscow and Leningrad. we -all realize, the need for our Nation director, in releasing the proposal. "We be­ · They identify with young Americans. to save energy· is absolutely essential. lieve the alternatives highlighted in our pro­ And they are among dozens of Russians The National Center for Appropriate posal are not getting the at~ntion they de­ .·arrested or imprisoned recently in what Technology has recently proposed· a serve, and that's why we have issued this Western rights organizations believe to be a national energy plan that could yield study." new Soviet crackdown on religious and large energy savings through conser­ human rights activists. · Key aspects of the proposal are: "We identify with your freedom, human- vation programs directed mainly at 1. A short-term program of "crisis inter­ ity, honesty, and love for the earth," reads a ·vention" payments to help low-income peo­ helping low-income people become ple pay their energy bills, which would be new open letter to young Americans from more energy self-reliant. phased out in future years as the energy the Christian Seminar ori Problems of the I believe this plan has substantial lo~ is picked up by conservation and re­ Religious Renaissance, an organization of merit, · and I commend the following newable energy and fuel/utility bills are re­ young Russian intellectuals. description of the proposal to my col- duced to manageable levels. "We feel your influence around us. . . . leagues: "Without emergency assistance in cold-cli­ We wear your clothes, play your.music.... · mate areas, low-income people who cannot Thanks to your example, hundreds of young "POOR PEOPLE'S ENntGY PLAN" PROPOSED BY pay their fuel bills will quite literally people in our country are breaking free NCAT RESEARCHERS freeze,"the report states. "But. ... a dollar from . . . totalitarian ideological coercion. A national energy plan that could yield spent for low-income emergency· assistance ... In the spiritqal struggles of modem hu· appro~imately as much energy as would be pays for a quantity of fuel which is burned manity we both have assumed the most dan· produced under President Carter's synthetic and tem~orari!Y ke~ a _poor person w~. gerous and thankless task, namely to be . . . fuels program-and begin to achieve that It is used once; it cannot be recovered or pioneers of a new world.••• " .Bldn.m b.efore .a..sirude._smfuels 1>lant starts used again. A dollar spent for conservation For meeting to discuss questions of reli- producing-has been proposed by research­ or solar energy. conversely, continues to gion, nearly all of the seminar's 36 Christian ers at the National Center for Appropriate supply new energy, day after day and-year members have been hai.:assed, beaten, or im· Technology CNCAT>. · . after year." prisoned since 1978. Its last remaining free Perhaps the most remarkable ·feature of The plan recommends boosting Presid~nt leader, Lev Regelson, was arrested recently, the NCAT plan is that these huge· energy Carter's low-income_ energ_y assistance pro­ reports Keston College, the Center for the savings, the equivalent of 1. 7 million barrels gram from $1.S billion to $3.2 billion this 766 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980 year, and changing its Income-eligibility reflect the same upward trend", the report' product. An advanced mechanization standards so that the program can be states. process in the United States shells the opened to more households. "A transition to renewable-energy-based nuts at precisely the right time. In 2: A massive program to "weatherize" 16 society is inevitable. The time for this inevi­ their tap-colored shells, they are more million low-income homes-one-fifth of the table transition is now. while it can be ratio­ tasty than the hand-processed Iranian nation's housing stock-over five years, in· nally planned and while fossil fuels are stilt cluding substantial liberalization of spend­ available to bridge the transition, not at· nuts. They are dyed · to conceal ing limits and restrictions to permit optimal some time in the future when many cur· splotchy. blemishes which result from energy conservation measures to · be taken rently available options have been fore-, the less sophisticated harvesting for each home and apartment. closed," argues the NCAT proposal. methods. The program, aimed at reducing energy The National Center for Appropriate A recent business week report O:Q the consumption of each residence by 50· per­ Technology, established in 1976, is funded California ~stachio boom quoted Mur­ cent or more, would be directed first toward by a $3.7 million grant from the U.S. Com­ ray Klein of Zabar's Inc., a Manhattan areas where it is needed most-cold climate munity Services Administration to develop gourmet store, as saying, "I'm going to regions such as the Northeast, where scarce and apply small-scale, low-cost technqlogies and expensive fuel oil is a common source of that alleviate energy and related economic start buying Californian," a shift from heating fuel. problems of the poor. his practice of buying $100,000 worth , 3. A national program, designed as a fol· The Center's research and development, of Iranian pistachios a year. low-up to the weatherization program, to in­ small grants, information and, administra­ Even foreign · customers are turning stall solar space and water heating systems tion headquarters are located in Butte, to the United States Courtney Lock­ on low-income residences. Cost:effective Montana, and NCAT offices are maintained wood, a represeniative of the Califor­ solar and energy conservation measures also in Washington, D.C., as well as in each of nia growers, has been approached by would be made mandatory in all new public the 10 federal regions.• housing projects. · European countries, Japan, and Aus­ 4. Programs for "recycling" old auto- PISTACHIO FARMERS SAY NUTS tralia. mobiles, not only to make them more fuel· 'J'O IRAN The pistachio craze typifies a trend efficient but also to conserve the energy ~ California ~griculture which will used in manufacturing them by greatly ex­ surely benefit consumers. A number ·of tending their useful life. In addition, two to HON. TONY COELHO other exotic crops, kiwi, jojoba, and three million vehicles per year would be re- OF CALIFORNIA macadamia. nuts• . to name just a few, trofitted to increase their fuel efficiency 'by IN THE HOUSE' OF REPRESENTATIVES are being harvested as an alternative at least 20 percent. Major development pro- ~ Thursday, January 24, 1980 grams would be undertaken in both gaso- to the standard crops, cotton, rice, and line/alcohol blends (gasohol) Qnd pure-alca. • Mr. COELHO. Mr. Speaker, a few barley. hol motor fuels. weeks ago Washington Post Staff writ· Guy Grenier, an economist with the 5. Three major programs aimed at supple.. er Martha Hamilton ran a story with U.S. Department of Agriculture, pre-. ·menting the food supplies and increasing · the headline, "Tax Law Helps Farmers diets "pistacho self-sufficiency" in "2 the self-reliance of low-income people would Say Nuts to Iran: Tehran's Pistachio to 3 years." An editorial in the Mem­ be undertaken: Installing solar-reliant b h art d b First Bi phis Press-Scimitar at the end of last greenhouses; encouraging establishment of Em argo Is T w e Y . g local community gardens; and decentraliz.. California Crop.'' The article was oJ. year boasted of America's "pistachio ing food production and distribution sys, R..articul~r interest to :rne beca.:us.e_iL power,'' concluding, "now if only some­ tems through establishment of local con. discussed the abundant pistachio one would Invent a car that runs on sumer and/or producer-operated cooperiv harvest in .the San Joaquin Valley of pistachio oil.''• tive food marketing systems. callfornia.. which I have t!l.e privilege "The poor use less energy than the rest of of representing here :in Congress. us and pay a greater proportion of .their in· Tax reform legislation enacted in 'l'HE FUTURE FACE OF FARMING come for. it," says McBride, noting tr.at low- encouraged growers in California income people in cold .climates commonly 1969 pay 30-40 percent of their incomes for fuel to diversify thetr plantings,. and -many HON. ~E H. HAMILTON and utilities. while middle-income consum- turned to: pistachio farming. Record OFDmIANA ers in the same regions spend only about 'l- numbers of trees were seeded in the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 10 percent. Yet, he says, the poor and near- early 19'70's and they are just now· ma­ poor use far less energy per capita than do turing. ThursdaY, January 24, 1980 .more affluent segments of society. What makes· the ripening of these e Mr. HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, I And, the. report states that the costs of en- nuts a significant event is a fortunate would .like to insert my Washington ergy-intensive necessities like food and circumstance arising from the unfor­ Report from January 2, 1980, into the transportation pose equally distressing problems for the poor. , Escalating food tunate turn of events in Iran. On De­ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD: prices dictated by mechanized food produc- cember 12, 19'79, roughly 6 weeks after Tm: Ftrnral: FACE OP FARMING tion, processing and distribution systems, as our embassy personnel · were taken n is ha.rd to find anyone in Southern Indi­ well as the appetites of gas-guzzling older hostage in Tehran, the Tehran Times ana, or even the nation, who does not speak cars they can afford, place low-income peo- reported a cutoff of Iranian pistachio well of the farmer, As I talk to people from· ple at ever greater economic disadvantage. nuts bound for shipment to the United all walks ot life, I am impressed by the com­ The NCAT energy plan analyzes three ap- St t b t th Calif · · h pliments _the' farmer and his family get. In ·proaches to alleviate energy problems of the a es u e · ornia grower as the general view, they are regarded as self­ poor: Subsidy programs to help consumers been able to fill the void. . sufficient, independent. ruggedly individual­ pay energy bills; further development of Ira.n's annual output of pistachios .istic, productive, and willing to take risks. large-scale energy technologies in hopes of averaged 50 million pounds. Roughly The community in which the farmer and lowering costs; ·and transfer of small-scale 45 percent of that made its way into his family reside also comes in for some technologies that increase self-sufficiency of the U.S. market, collecting an estimat­ praise. In this community are exemplified low-income people. ed $'70 million from the American con- the simple traits of honesty, integrity, loyal­ The alternative favored by the synfuels sumer. Last year, California farmers ty, thrift, concern for one's neighbor, and program, developing large-scale technol- harvested 15 to 18 million pounds of civic responsibility. The virtues of farm life ogles, is rejected in part on the basis of his- add up to whp.t is best in the Amencan char· tory. "It is ofte.n· the case that. new energy pistachios, up sharply from the prevl- acter, but lately farm leaders have begun to technologies become more expensive rather ous year's production level, 2.5 million wonder whether the changes that have, than· less so as they are developed and pounds. swept over American agriculture in recent brought into the commercial marketplace," The $250 million invested in Califor­ decades will permit continuance of the notes McBride. citing the example of nucle- nip. orchards promises to pay off hand:­ structures in agriculture which have made ar power's early promise of electricity "too somely. By the end of this decade, U.S. the virtues of farm life possible. cheap to meter". domestic production ·will fall in the A glance backwards may help us to see the "For poor people this means the prospect' range of 80 to 125 million pounds a problem in perspective. In the early history of f~el bills t~at will increase in the future year on acres of om: country, the principal preoccupation as rapidly· as they have in the past few · . 31 •000 . · • of most Americans was the production of yeaTS, and poor people's food bills, which The quallty of the California cr~p, enough food for self-sustenance. With the are inextrfcably linlted to energy costs, will by far, exceeds that of the Iraman advent of farm technology and CJ'.OP special- January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 767 ization, however, productivity soared and basic questions, to consider the effects of And I am yours, for eternal is my song of unneeded laborers left the countryside, our current policies, and to think about the peace to one as desperate, down, de­ flocking to the city in search of work. A kind of agricultural sector that will best jected, as you.e rural. agriculturally based nation slowly serve the interests of America. changed into an urban nation with an indus- All of us, city dwellers as well as farmers trial base. Excess production came to char- and rural residents, have much at stake in WEAKNESS IS STRENGTH acterize American agriculture in the 1930s. the kinds of answers we give to the basic This was "the farm problem," which meant questions. We want an agriculture that uses HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO that too much land, labor, and capital were resources efficiently, that gives farmers ade­ engaged in agriculture to provide the farm· quate income and enough freedom to make OF CALIFORMIA er and his family with an adequate return their own decisions, and that makes high­ IN .THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on investment. The farm problem persisted quality food available at reasonable prices Thursday, January 24, 1980 into the 1970s as technology and specializa. and in ample quantities for domestic and tion continued to advance. Migration of foreign consumers. We also want to preserve e Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, workers to the city and overproduction of the place of the family farm in rural Amer­ I would like to bring to the attention crops in the field seemed to have become a ica. The values the farmer has given the na- of my colleagues the following editori':' . way of life in rural America. In 1972, 62 mil- tion are far too precious to lose.e al which appeared in the January 21 lion acres-fully one-fifth of the nation's . ·edition of the Wall Street Journal. cropland-were idled by government · pro­ The editorial summarizes what grams designed to solve the farm problem. IN MEMORY OF CAMBODIA Then, in the mtd-1970s, another major many of us have been saying for years; change came to American agriculture. Ex· that is, Carter administration policies cess farm labor had moved on to other sec­ HON. ROBERT K. ·DORNAN have led to a serious weakening of tors, large food surpluses disappeared, agri­ OF CALIFORNIA America's defense capability and to cultural exports took off, and the nation's the perception overseas that the cropland was brought into full utilization. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES United States is unable and unwilling For the first time in 40 years, the income Thursday, Janua,ry 24, 1980 to fulfill its international commit· generated in the agricultural sector began to look reasonable to the long-suffering e Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, I would ments. farmer. like to introduce into the RECORD a . The current honeymoon that Presi· Everyone agrees that the face of farming poem by a constituent and close dent Carter .ls enjoying with American has been deeply altered ·in the span of a sin­ friend, Mr. Tom Logan of Manhatten public opinion reminds me of the bus­ gle generation. From a peak of 7 million, Beach. He: wrote it upon . his return . band who ls making a toast -to his wife the.number of farms has fallen to 2 million, from Thailand where he visited many on their anniversary, "To my wif-e, of which about one-fifth produce 80% of the of the refugee camps for fleeing Cam- who has faithfully stood by me nation's food and fiber. More than half of bodians. · through all the problems I would have all farms have been lost since 1940, and the ·never had if I hadn't married her." average size of farms has more than dou- The ongoing crisis in Iran and the bled. The means to feed the Ame'ican popu­ brutal Soviet subjugation of Afghani­ The editorial follows: lace and the people of many foreign lands stan have·diverted the attention of the _ WEAKNESS ls S~GTH has been concentrated in fewer and fewer world from the genocide which contin· President Carter kicked , off a two-week hands. Spiralling real estate ·prices make it ues in the one~ prosperous and gentle media blitz with his appearance on "Meet difficult to enter tanning as a profession. the Press" yesterday. It appears that he will The agricultural marketing system has been land. of Cambodia, where cruelty, campaign for reelection on the stirring slo- geared to big producers~ as have the busi­ death, and starvation now reign. gan, weakness is strength. · nesses that sell fertilizers, seeds, and other We must not permit this genocide to To those of us who have been call1ng for a materials to farmers. Scarcely any farming be. forgotten. Indeed, it is of utmost stronger defense posture, it is oJ course communities hav'e been untouched by these importance to keep in mind that the gratifying to have Mr. Carter warning of developments. Although agricultural pro­ responsibility for the invasion of Af­ the seriousness of the Soviet danger in the ductivity has shot upward and the benefits ghanistan ·and the Cambodia11 geno­ wake of the invasion of Afghanistan. It is to the· well-being of the country have been helpful that the defense budget is going.up immeasurable, the cost has been high. cide can be placed on the doorstep of instead of down, that aircraft carriers have Rural areas have lost population, small the Soviet.Union. I urge my colleagues been moved into the Indian Ocean and that town businesses have died, and a · very · to reflect on this beautiful and moving the administration is negotiating for naval worthwhile way of life .has been threatened poem of Mr. Logan. supt>ort facilities in the area. Bllt in repeat­ with extinction. TAPS edly citing these actions as evidence of his If the trends of recent years continue, the · administration's vigilance, Mr. Carter does results will be predictable. There will be The crude brown colonnade of smoke has violence to the history of the last three fewer farms, and these will be of larger size long since cleared, years. and. will a.:ccount fQr .an incre~ing share of_ The streams of endless Humanity of free- With ·the exception of the effort to rein- agricultural output. Land prices will con­ dom, custom long-endeared. vigorate the NATO alliance, which really tinue to climb, further concentrating farm To which beleaguered hamlet and. village was in large part a Carter administration wealth and deepening the division between alike, with broken heart and feet · initiative, the steps toward a stronger de­ ownership and operation of farms. Since alight. · fense were anything but the result of Mr. only a few farmers will be able to meet the Some rice perhaps, enough for all. Carter's leadership. Rather, each of them minimum capital requirements, the agricul­ had to be wrung out of him by the pressure tural economy will be marked by a much The rich white glory and peace shall fall. of events and public opinion. Mr. Carter is more complex organization. The influence Your tears have long since dried as lifetimes the President who took office calling for a of agriculture on rural communities will de­ grevious passed you by. $5 billion cut in defense spending, the Presi­ . cltile, and rural America will slowly lose its A once proud nation with head held high dent who in fact reduced the increases distinctive identity, becoming more and bemoaris the downfall planned by the outgoing administration, the more a poor stepsister of urban America. And liberty replaced by lie. President who congratulated himself on rid· · Is this what we want? What would such a ding the nation of an "inordinate fear of future mean for the values we attach to And who are you, my aged . friend? Of Co.mmunism," the President who canceled rural America? As we enter a new period in· blessed rivers which never end. the Bl bomber, shelved the neutron bomb the history of American agriculture, the The smile which seemed to come so easily, and vetoed the nuclear carrier, the Presi­ Secretary of Agriculture and numerous forever gone as if never to be. · dent who slowed the Tomahawk cruise mis­ farm leaders are calling for a national dia­ World leaders speak of you in sympathetic sile and MX-ICBM programs to facilitate logue on the structure of the nation's agri­ terms and·fateful words-· negotiating the now moribund strategic culture. They· advise us that agriculture is Do syllables stop the children's cries? . Or arms treaty. at a crossroads, and they are looking for a resolutions of fire and might restore It is important to recognize this for rea­ way to respond to an inescapable dilemma: their innocence as free as breeze and sons that transcend partisan politics. Any should ·we dev_elop policies to shape the kite? politician :running for reelection is entitled structure of agriculture, or should we l~t to puff his own r~ord, and we have known the system evolve without such policies? I see your eyes and hear your plea. Agree to some who have 'campaigned against their The rate of change in American agricul­ reach my hand across the deep,. dark own record and won. But this particular ture has slowed recently. I view the tempo­ sea. issue is so vastly important ·that it is essen­ rary pause as a favorable development be· You are my brother and sister, Cambodia. tial that the nation not be confused about cause it gives us the opportunity to ask the you are mine. what has happened. and is h~ppening to it. 768 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980 fhe President recognizes the Soviet inva­ DIPLOMATS IN DANGER . Long before the recent outrages, the Serv­ sion of Afg~~p istan as a "radic!!-1 .. depar- ice began .falling · upon hard times. The -tureu -=the 1irst direct invasion by Soviet glamor of Ufe overseas is now, a thing of the troops outside their sphere of influence as HON. ABRAHAM ·KAZEN, JR. past. The Service has had its share of baf· codified at the Yalta Conference. Given OF TEXAS ' fling administrative problems. How can it this, we have to open our minds anew to the ensure adequate rewards for merit, career possibilities of what they might do. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES satisfaction, and upward mobility in an es­ When w.e see their divisions move com­ Thursday, January 24, 1980 sentially hierarchical organization scattered plete with air defense and chemical warfare over the face of the earth and always in mo­ capabilities not needed in Afghanistan, we • Mr. KAZEN. Mr. Speaker, a friend tion from one assignment to another? How have to ask whether they will really stop. and constituent in our Foreign Service can it maintain adequate living standards When we hear reports of troop movements has called my attention to a timely ar­ for. its personnel when its budgets are pared in Eastern Europe, we have to wonder about. ticle, written for the New York Times to the bone and living conditions overseas Marshal Tito's illness. When they stage a . by David H. Popper, a distinguished are depressed ·by dollar depreciation? How press conference with a defected NATO sec- diplomat who has served as Ambassa­ can the career requirements of spouses be retary saying the West· plans "aggressive dor to Cyprus and Chile~ He was also satisfied when countries ban foreigners war,'' we need to remember that in an all- 1 from the local labor market-? How can the out European war their SS-20• could pre- Assi~tant Secretary Of State for Inter- children of Service- personnel avoid rootless-· empt our reinforcement capabilities. They national Organization Affairs, so he ness and alienation as they move .from one may very well not exercise any of these has known the risks of dangerous du­ culture to another? trightening options, but at least it reminds ties and the responsibility for sending While great efforts have been made to us of the possibillties we have allowed to other men . and women to trouble deal with problems of this character, noun­ arise. spots. biased observer would say that they have Which brings us to the second reason to Amb ad p ak t been solved. The future of the Foreign Serv­ be clear about the Carter administration's ass or opper m es a s rong ice is clouded at best. The new, considerable argument that we in the Congress record, which is to help in assessing wheth~ share a responsibility for watching.the Increase in the persolJ.al risks of service er it is seriously determined to rectify the overseas will make adequate staffing even military imbalance. The steps cited by Mr. personnel problems facing our able more difficult. Carter are inadequate. Substantial further Foreign Service officers. I feel we · do This country needs to take a new look at increases in defense spending are necessary. · not need more Tehran experiences to its diplomatic establishment. At the very A greater presence in the Middle East-for alert us, so I am pleased to share Am­ least, it must develop greater incentives for example, basing conventionally armed B- bassador Popper's warning with my talented young men and women to enter 52's in Egypt and,helicopter-bome troops in colleagues. and to remain in the Foreign Service-not 'Turkey. To avoid being pushed into an ~ven · merely financial incentives and perquisites more dangerous comer, to avoid being con- [From the New York Times, Dec. 23, 19781 1to compensate for the trials of life in for­ fronted with the choice of war or surrender, -REWARD FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICERS FOR THE eign posts but psychological rewards of rec­ we need to think in larger terms. RISKS ,, ognJtion and status as well. Immediately, So it is scarcely comforting to have Mr. (By David H. Popper) the Foreign Service personnel legislation now before Congress should be rewritten to . Carter proclaiming "we have . not been ~ASHINGTON.-America is not· at war, but ensure that the victims of recent attacks on -weak." In fact.we have been weak, and this its diplomatic and other overseas civilian our embassies are · fully compensated for weakness has invited the current Soviet employees feel embattled or at least be­ their injuries, losses and anguish. Further, boldness. We devoutly hope that Mr. Carter . -sieged. Because they represent a superpow­ members of the Seryice deserve a pay sys­ is starting to understand this, but we should er, they are more exposed than the diplo­ tem that takes account of the daily risks of have thought that any real understanding mats of other countries. In much of the overseas assignments. Such a system should would start with some faint recognition that world, they are viewed as the heavies in a be at least comparable ·to the levels enjoyed our past policies have_ something to do with "revolutionary" struggle against old-order by Government officials at home. Congress our present predicament.e · ''imperialists"' and "neo-colonialists." appears to be sympathetic to these propos­ When passions run high, they ·are the ob- als. vious foreign-devil targets.· , Earlier studies of our diplomatic-person­ F. EDWARD HEBERT It took the shock · effect of the embassy nel problems have been outdated by recent seizure and the hostage-taking in Iran to developments. If what we are seeing in the bring the peril of our diplomats to the full Middle East is shaping our international re­ attention of the public. The effect has been lations in the·19ao•s, then certainly we must HON. CLEMENT J. ZABLOCKI heightened by attacks on our embassies in consider the nature of our diplomatic estab­ OF WISCONSIN :rakistan and Libya, .missiles launched at lishment in the 80's. The President should IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our embassy in Bangkok, and demonstra­ appoint a commission for the purpose, with tions against our embassies elsewhere. In a Congressional participation. The lead time . prudent move. the Administration has for· a commission report and subsequent ac­ Tuesday, January 22. 1980 ;,;tripped our national representation in 11 tion ts long. A start should be D:lade now.e countries to a bare minimum.· • Mr. ZABLOCKI. .Mr. Speaker, it is In earlier and . perhaps more civilized an honor to join in the many tributes times, our officials were better protected by TRIBUTE TO .GEORGE.MEANY to F. Edward H~bert, one of the great the reciprocal oQservS:Ilce of diplomatic legislators of our time... privileges and immunities. But as organized If there was one theme in his service terrorism has emerged as a political strategy HON. HENRY J. NOWAK above all others, it was his devotion to in all parts of ·the world, these lnimunities OF NEW YORK his country as a citizen and as a Mem- · have been increasingly ravaged. Until re­ ber of Congress who held increasingly cently, the targets were individuals-with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our ambassadors at special risk of kidnaping impo~tant positions thr~ugh thE: years. · or death-but now entire embassies are as- Tuesday, January 22, 1980 - - N otwithstanding criticlSms which- 11e ' saulted. Normally in the past, host gover­ e Mr. NOWAK. Mr. Speaker, I join knew would come,. he strongly sup- ments attempted with more or less success my colleagues in _paying tribute to­ ported the President and -the Armed -and zeal to protect their resident foreign of. Forces of our Nation even in the most ficals and punish the assailants. Today: host and millions and millions of Americans difficult days of the Vietnam war._ · governments are sometimes accomplices if in expressing gratitude for-the im- . Personaliy, as a friend, I found not principals in these acts of !1olence. mense contributions George M~any Eddie to be warm and compassionate The mainstays of our official diplomatic made to improving the quality of life • establishments abroad are members of the in this great Nation. He had a good sense of humor and a American Foreign Service. In spite of all the For George Meany, words like "leg­ strong loyalty to his friends. He was a cookie-pusher .and striped-pants imagery end" or "giant" are the most appropri­ southern gentleman in the best sense. surround it, the Service has developed very ate description; He was a most familiar And he always had in mind the best high professional and technical standards face on the national scene and a most interests of his .constituents. Small over the last half century. It has endured wonder that they kept him in office the dangers and hardships of life overseas familiar force in many of the major so- . for 36 years. as its normal mission. An impressive plaque cial and legislative initiatives in this! . . . in the State Department is covered with the country for several decades. · We will miss him. I extend ~eepest names of those who have lost their lives in First, of course, we think of George condolences to his wife and family.e the line of duty. Meany as the foremost molder· of the January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 769 American labor movement into a force tant. Theref ore, in addition to protest­ ment to inform immediately all other Hel­ of betterment for tts. members and :loi: ing the illegal ·arrest and harsh condi­ sinki signatory governments that the United the Nation as .a .wh()le.·: This: memora- tions of internal exile for Prof. Andrei States .intends to rai$e these specific viola­ tions of the Helsinki Final · Act, including ble president of 'the AFL-CIO will' be Sakharov and his ill wife Elena Bon­ the individual cases of Andrei Sakharov and remembered as a champion whose ner, the Commission resolution ex­ the Helsinki Monitol'B In the Soviet Union, · main goal was the protection and pro- presses its alarm at the continued re­ at the 1980 Madrid Review Meeting; and motion of the economic well being, the pression of religious believers, scien­ Be it further resolved that the Commis­ integrity amd dignity and social wel- . tists, writers, · intellectuals, human sion calls upon the President and Secretary fare ef the working man and woman in rights activists, and the members· of of State to seek the broadest possible sup­ this country. the unofficial Soviet Helsinki Groups port for these protests and actions against He dedicated his energies also to in Moscow, Ukraine, Lithuania, Arme­ the multiple violations of the Helsinki Final Act by the government of the Soviet welding labor into a respected political nia, and Georgia as egregious viola­ Pnion.e · and social force, which sought and ob- tio'ns of the human rights provisions tained recognition at all levels of gov- of the Helsinki Final Act. Finally, ernment. Perhaps George Meany's there are repeated reports that the So­ role in developing the labor movement viet authorities are requiring some TRIBUTE TO GEORGE MEANY as an instrument for social change and Moscow re.sidents suspected of disst- . community improvement beyond the dent · connectiol)S-men, women. anc;t union halls may be the most signifi- children-to leave the city so as to iso­ HON._DON RITl'ER cant monument to his career of late them from foreigners. OP PENNSYLVANIA staunch public service.· Before introducing the text of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Certainly that aspect of his leader- CSCE Commission resolution, I would Tuesday, January 22, 1980 ship was reflecteq in the key role he like to quote an excerpt from an arti­ •Mr.RITTER. Mr. Speaker, George · played in the enactment of the Civil cle bf Prof. Andrei Sakharov: Meany was the symbol as well as the Rights Act of 1964, particularly title Political leaders in the West should real­ leader of the American labor move­ VII, the section prohibiting discrimf• ize that any sign of weakness of inconsisten­ ment. For much of the 20th century nation in employment. cy will seriously affect the fate of many peo- he was one of -the most powerful, George Meany unquestionably has pie, among them dissenters in the U.S.S.R. colorful, and enduring figures on the established his place in our Nation's and Eastern Europe now absorbing the chief blows of repression. American political scene. His death ·history. While he is now part of that marks the end of a truly historic -life history, however, George Meany's life Although these lines were written in and career. · and principles will continue to be a 1977, they are more fitting ·than ever What made him this ·great force was source of inspiration and imitation as today. his healthy disdain for formal ties our Nation enters a new decade and I ask unanimous consent to place with government or political parties looks ·ahead to a ·new century. His into the RECORD the complete text of and his staunch patriotis;m. He detest­ memory is one that we carry in our the CSCE Commission resolution: ed radicals and intellectual phonies. hearts, as well as our minds.. CSCE COMllllSSION RESOLUTION No matter how sharp. his comments on Whereas~ the invasion and occupation of the business community may have Afghanistan by armed forces from the Sovi· REPRESSION OF THE HUMAN been• he was devoted to the capitalise: et Union is a direct violation of.the Declara­ tic system and to the survival of free RIGHTS MOVEMENT BY RUSSIA tion of Principles Guiding Relations Among States of the Helsinki Final Act, including enterprise. the commitments to refrain from the threat George Me~y also had a deep un­ HON. MILLICENT FENWICK or use of force, to respect equal rights and derstanding of the threat of the Soviet OF NEW JERSEY self-determination of peoples, to observe the Union to the United States and to free IN .THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES purposes and principles of the Charter of trade unionism.. From the end of Thursday, J<1,nuary 24, 1980 the United Nations, to fulfill in good faith World War II he worked to make the obligations arising from generally recog­ AFL vigorously anti-Soviet. He kei,t . •Mrs.FENWICK. Mr.-Speaker, today nized principles and rules of international the organization out of alliance. with the Commission on Security and Coop­ law; and . the, State-run unions of the World eration in Europe unanimously passed Whereas the arrest of Nobel Laureate An· Federation of Trade Unions and was a a resolution which I introduced . con­ dret Sakharov, leader of the human rights movement in the U.S.S.R., is in direct con­ force behind labor's support for the demning both the Soviet invasion and . travention of Principle VII of the Helsinki Marshall plan. occupation of Afghanistan and the ar­ Final Act as well as the Universal Declara· After Mr. Meany successfully negoti­ rest and internal exile of academician tion of ;Human Rights and even the Consti­ ated the AFL's merger with the CIO Sakharov as direct violations of an in­ tution of the U.S.S.R. itself; and in 1955, he maintained the organiza­ ternational accord which the Soviet Whereas continued repression of religlous tion's realistic foreign policy stance. In. Union itself signed in Helsinki in 1975. believers, scientists, writers, Intellectuals, fact, during th~ days of d~tente it . The Commission resolution refers to human -rights activists, and Helsinki moni­ seemed that American labor was our · the "invasion and occupation of Af­ tors are egregious violations of provisions of both Principle VII artd Basket III of the only major institution to remember ghanistan by armed forces from the Helsinki Final Act. what Soviet aggression actually looked . Soviet Union" as "a direct violation 'of Now therefore be ft resolved- that the like. ·the Declaration of Principles Guiding Commissfbn on Security and Cooperation fn Mr. · Meany was a synthesizer and Relations Among States of the Helsin­ Europe calls upon the President of the stabilizer recognized as perhaps the ki Final Act, including commitments United States and the Secretary of State to only man with tlie ability to· keep to­ to refrain from the threat or use of protest, fn the strongest possible terms and gether opposing factions of the labor force and 'to respect equal rights and at the highest levels, these unwarranted and movement. Public opinion polls the self-determination of peoples." inexcusable breaches of the promises that were made in Helsinki; and showed that Mr. Meany usually re- . The Commission resolution goes on Be ft further resolved that the Commis­ fleeted the mood of the labor move- · to say that "the arrest of Nobel Laure­ sion urges the President and Secretary of ment and, as his career showed, was ate Andrei Sakharov, leader of the State to call upon all other signatory na­ always willing to fight for higher liv­ human rights movement in the tions of the Helsinki Final Act to Join in ing standards for all workers. George U.S.S.R .• is in direct contravention of such protests and to take simllar actions, in­ Meany was a pragmatic man, a patri­ principle Vil," the human rights cor­ cluding refusal to participate in the Moscow otic man, a man who said what was-on nerstone of the Final Act. Olympics, suspension of appropriate trade, economic and commercial activities with the his mind. In short, he reflected many We must make it clear to- the Soviet Soviet Union, and such other sanctions of the best qualities of what is some­ Union and all other CSCE signatories against the Soviet Union as may be availa­ times referred to as "Middle America." that we wm not Just sit by and act as ble to them; and George Meany, by his own devotion if human rights and all the provisions Be it further resolved that the Commis­ to American strength both economi- . of the Helsinki accord are unimpor- sion calls upon the United States Govern- cally and internationally. surely repre- cxxvr-49-Pa.rt 1 770 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980 sented goals worthy of our continuing Ject poverty endul'ed by millions of peop1e are now faced with the choice of starving or devotion, in the 1980's and beyond.e _ around the world. · freezing in their apartments. The Center and WHY. are only .two of the In the 1960s the U.S. devoted .much of its many organizatiofts in the hunger area. energies and best talents to landing men on FEEDING THE WORLD'S HUNGRY: Other long-established groups "include the moon. An attack OI) the world hunger A QUESTION OF POLITICS, NOT · Bread for the World, World Hunger Educa­ problem could be as successful if only the PRODUCTION tion Service, the Inter Rellgious Task Force American people and their government on U.S. Food Policy as well as a dozen or would make it a top priority item. more of the relief agencies that distribute I have spoken to many audiences around HON. JOHN F. ·SEIBERLING food in Third World countries. There is the country about development and hunger OF OHIO plenty of hunger to go around for all of problems and the failure of U.S. policies to these organizations. do much about them. It is not only the fault IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES In the hunger field there ts a predominat­ of the Congress and the Administration, but Thursday, january 24, 1980 ing myth that underlies all discussion of the of the middle class of·our society, which has problem: there is simply too little food for not played its crucial role of ombudsman. • Mr. SEIBERLING! Mr. Speaker, as too many people. But this is not true. The Federalist Papers clearly show that the president of the Peace Through Law Enough food is produced every year to feed founding fathers had always intended that · Education Fund, I take great pleasure every man, woman and child if it could only the American People would take the respon- in inserting into the RECORD the re­ be distributed equally. - sibility in setting national priorities. · marks of Mr. Harry Chapin at the No­ In the U.S. it is estimated that there are Without the American people saying with vember meeting of. the food and popu­ 20 million malnourished people. Their one one voice that world hunger can and should lation series sponsored by the fund. failing is that they lack economic and politi­ be eradicated, it will never happen. With all Mr. Chapin ls a musician, cofounder cal power. In the same way that battered the Congressmen present today it is very kids are unable to take to the streets and tempting to lecture them about their lack of of World Hunger Year, and member of protest their condition, hungry people do action and their lack of concern, but they the President's Commission on World not have a voice ;md their faint voices are are not the only ones to blame in this case. Hunger. While he has received popu­ not heard. The best we can hope for is that In 1978 we had the lowest voter turnout in lar acclaim for his sQngs "Cats in- the they will collectively give out a loud scream, our history: only 39 percent of the elector­ Cradle," "Taxi Driver," and so forth, which will be heard by food policy makers ate voted. Polls show widespread apathy as and for his films "Legendary Champi­ all over the world. well a common belief held by Americans ons," which was nominated· for an As far as most people are concerned, and I from all walks of li~e that the U.S. is like am including all 'the people in Waahington the Roman Empire in its last days. But they Academy Award, he haJj been an activ­ as wen, the hunger problem is best kept out ist in the fight against world hunger also show that the same people would be of slght, out of mind and out of heart. The willing to sacr-ifice and do without if they since the early 1970's. In 1978, he gave U.S. and all the developed countries are re­ really thought it would make a difference. over 200 concerts, with at least half of sponsible for the structure of the world America is a moral country, and it needs an the prqceeds going to the fight against - econpmy and the structure of the gl9b~ issue: the hunger issue. world hunger. food system that permits millions of people We ·need an economics aa if people mat­ I commend. to the attention of my to die each year from hunger. Now that har­ tered. We need· a politics as if there were colleagues his remarks on the dimen- vests ar:>und the world are relatively plentb going to be a future. All of us here are like sions of the world hunger problem· ful, a 1">od aid conven~ion and a system of the brass polishers or the linen maids · interr..t1.tional grain reserves could provide a aboard the Titanic. If we were all living in REMARKS BY HARRY CHAPIN cushion for the bad harvests which will 1800 and we were listening to a speaker who ·In this country we tiave a notion tµat come sooner or later. talked about ending slavery, everyone would holding an event or reacting to events is the In Cambodia our aid efforts are probably have laughed and said that was impossible best way to respond t:o all kinds of problems too late to save thousands of people. There given the realities of the day. Yet slavery around the world. In the entertainment are at present serious obstacles to feeding has now been abolished and it was done in a business, where I · come .from, we hold a people in that country because of political shorter time than most people would nave benefit concert for Bangladesh and, by some differences on both sides. But I believe that. dreame~ -possible.• magical process, we expect to feed and the genocide in Cambodia would never have clothe all the__.1>eople in that Asian country. taken place if the U.S. and the Soviet Union But the twin problems of poverty and un-- had agreed that hunger and starvation must SOVIET NUCLEAR DEVELOP­ equal income distribution in· countries like- be eradicated. MENT GAINS MOMENTUM Bangladesh will not be soly_e~ bi.9-ut;,side as- The World Bank, the United Nations sistance alone. Even if there were a Bangla- : Food and Agriculture Organfzation, the desh benefit concert every day or the· week Agency for International Development and HON. JOHN W. WYDLER . for an entire year and we make the further other development organizations all talk assumptions that each concert raises $2 mil- about meeting basic human needs and pro­ OF NEW YORK lion and every penny. is used to feed every viding appropriate technologj to Third IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bangladeshi, it would still amount to only World countries. But I still cannot under- Thursday, January 24, 1980 2¢ of food per person per year. stand what they mean by these terms since The greatest problem facing humanity more people than ever are hungry and mal­ • Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, Mr. C. today is that of starvation around the nourished. In our government there are 26 Allday, managing director, British Nu­ world. The pollte word for it is malnutri- separate agencies in the hunger area; yet, . clear Fuels Limited of the Atomic In­ tion. Millions of people are dying of hunger not one of them is doing the Job that needs dustrial Forum, made some fascifiating each year ·and all these deaths are entirely to be done. . · preventable because the hunger problem is The development theorists and other aca­ comments on international aspects of a poverty problem. Hungry people do not demics used to advocate the "trickle-down" the. nuclear cycle recently in San have access to political or economic power.. theory of development where the benefits Francisco. These remarks were made It they did, they could obtain a sufficient from a rising gross national product would at the annual .convention of the Atom­ amount of food because each year the glo- somehow benefit poor people. But economic ic Industrial Forum in November and bal harvest produces enough grain to _go growth in the developing countries has real­ they are particularly pertinent since a around. - ly only benefited the rich and the powerful. large number of na_tions have Just What we need-today is arPeffective lobby- Foreign assistance has not and is not feed­ completed drafting the conclusions of ing effort to end world hunger which affects ing the poorest of the poor people all ovei: more than 500 million people in poor and the world. · the Intematiqnal Fuel . Cycle ·Evalua­ rich countries. · on industry lobbyists spend The fight against world hunger · is the tion study·through the Tech­ about $50 milllion per year to advance their poor stepchild to other foreign policy preoc­ nical Coord~ation Committee. special interest legislation and, in return, cupations of this Administration and all its The striking thing about the follow­ tbey get about $15 billion in·tax credits for predecessors. Our national security is meas­ ing excerpts from Mr. Allday's: re­ their industry. Why can't .hunger lobbyists ured by our military power and by our eco­ marks are that they strongly' confirm imitate their example? nomic strength. The problem of world hun- the conclusions which many members By organizing the World Hunger Year, ger is not important·because it does not fit of' the Science and Technology Com­ WHY, and the Food Policy Center I have into this national security equatfon. tried to draw attention to the problem of In the United States we have now started ·mittee and I had reached concerning world hunger. Through my benefit concerts, on a new austerity program where Uncle U.S. nuclear policy as early as . the I have contributed mill1ons of dollars to Sam saves money by letting old people go su~er of 1977. I recommend that my these efforts, but they are really only pin- hungry: the social security checks old peo- · colleagues consider these observations pricks at the teal .problem which is the ab- ple receive. are so small that niany of ~hem prior to our deliberations on nuclear January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ·771 policy in the 2d session of the 96th lines in setting our internal design and oper· then to have to provide double walls to the Congress at this point, ational criteria, but the U.K. and other Gov· ponds to trap any leakage, does seem to me emment have not yet formally adopted to be over-gilding the lily. The money_sperit EXCERPTS OF MR. ALLDAY's REMARKS them, and there needs to be a consensus. · to protect a few people from the risk of rela· ON PROLIFERATI,ON RISK (b) To agree on the-boundary lines for.the tively minor radiation exposure or consump­ It has been, I believe, well established Agency's activities-avoiding the pursuit of tion ·of· mildly contaminated fish, is com· that technical fixes can have only a limited clandestine plant on the one hand a.nd anti· pletely non-cost effective compared to build· influence in reducing the, risk of prolifera- terrorist measures on the other, thus con­ Ing, say, a teaching hospital, or even better tion, although some of them might help re- serving the Agency's resources for its main conventional sewag~ plants. · duce the risk of the theft. Further, there task. Similarly, with waste management, we are are no alternative fuel cycles offering sub- · To expand the Agency's present re­ crucifying ourselves over finding acceptable stantial non-proliferation &(lvantages. sources; 150 Inspector.s Is clearly insufficient "final disposal" repositories for fission prod· It has also been established that with for its world-wide task. An increased budget uct waste. Public outcry against test drilling proper systems and controls the differences and technical 'capabllty must be provided. in' the U.K. has become paranoic. But why in proliferation resistance between the var- The cost Is chicken feed in the context of do we want to bury the stuff beyond man's fous present fuel cycles need not be Jreat. turnover in energy supply. Those who see a environment? Once we have ft as a glass it ls If INFCE does in fact endorse ,these con- competition between funds for safeguattls perfectly safe and manageable, and will pro­ cluslons, and I hope it Fourthly, and perhaps most lmpor­ the earth for very long periods. Nor do t_hey waste management. They must be accept- . tant, we must design our plants .ab initio seem concerned that in final disposal they able to Government, the major suppliers with the requirement of the three basic ele­ are committing large quantities of ·plutoni­ and customers, and to the public-a tall ments of safeguards in mind-material ac­ um to the environment. order perhaps but ft must be the target, and counting, containment, and survelll~ce. I have been somewhat critical of some of it will not be achieved overnight. In the ON ~ NON-PROLIFERATION 'MEASURES . the aspects of our nuclear scene in Europe. meantime, international nuclear trading What else can we expect to come out of It would be impolite and impertinent for me must continue-as it was suppc)sed to do INFCE? A satisfactory system of safe· to comment on the situation over here. We during INFCE-and there must be no guards, in logic should be enough, but logic outside the U.S. are, of course, concerned. It "Dutch Auction" over non-proliferation con- does not seem to be sufficient these days. grieves us that little or no movement ap­ ditions applied to supplies of materials and There are two major additional suggestions pears to occur or be possible in your nuclear technology. · which are likely to have some impact-In· programmes; We do not think it is doi_ng. Compliance with the rtiles should be mon~ ternational Plutonium Storage and you or anyone else any good. But rather itored by an international body, not by na- International Spent Fuel Management than develop that theme, I should tell you tional Governments who may in some cases . . · . about a mythological country called Goto· themselves· have, directly or indirectly, an The idea of multinational ownership of pia.e interest in the supply. An example is the sensitive plants such as· for enrichment and U.S. Government proposal that fuel can reprocessing, and multinational fuel banks, only be re-enriched in Europe with their has also been noated. In principle it all GOLD AND INFLATION permission. Since the U.S. Government is sounds fine. But again, if safeguards sys­ also hi the enrichment business, this gives terns .are adequate, .it should not be neces­ HON~ RON PAUL room for doubt as to whether the r:uies will · SaI1' to go further. ·Nevertheless, they may OF TEXAS . be administered purely in the, interest of · come. I only hope they will not be. imposed non-proliferation. by political decree, which would be the kiss IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES If an international consensus along these of death. As is well-known, there have been Thursday, January 24, 1980 lines is not achieve~ and we perpetuate a several successful multinational collabora- . system of individual countries specifying tive ventures in the fuel cycle field, e.g. •Mr.PA~. Mr. Speaker. the Times their owri rules, international trade will be United Reprocessors, Eurodlf, Urenco, Cen· of. London ran a magnificent editorial stifled and the cause of non-proliferation tee, and several uranium exploration ven­ last December· on gold and inflation, wilJ be harmed rather than helped in that tures. All have been successful to a degree and I would like to call it to my col­ there will be strong incentives for every because the cement was essentially commer- leagues• attention. country to b_µild its own· fuel cycle facillties _cial and not polltical. - We will never solve our inflation and in order to be free from restrictions which it will feel may be changed or increased vtrtu-· ON SAFETY AND WASTE MANAGEMENT · other economic problems until we ally overnight. We have seen the signs of INFCE has been concerned primarily with have sound money, which·means a dol­ evolution in this direction during the last non-proliferation, and this paper has been lar redeemable in gold. Mr. William three ye~rs. and I fear there will be more. directed mainly on that topic. However, one Rees-Mogg, editor of the Times. is an ON sAFEauuns beneficial outcome oJ the coming together eloquent advocate of hard money. I'd catalysed by INFCE will, I hope, be a gre1J,t~ like to urge that 'we all'read and pay It follows from the above that intema- er degree of international consensus on safe- tionally agreed and apl)iied full scope fuel ty issues and waste management. ' attention to what h~ has to say. cycle safeguards on all civil nuclear activi· For safety we need agreed codes and [From. the London Times, bee. 12, 19791_ ties are crucial. I am going to assume that standards. We all of us have to take a re­ A POSSESSION NOT A PROMISE the international-body which will set and sponsible attitude to safety, and I believe The gold price is remarkable historically monitor them will be IAEA or some special none would wish to try and secure commer­ for its long term stability and 'recently for branch or adjunct of it. cial advantage by cutting corners. On the its short term instabillty. Every schoolboy · For safeguards to be ·effective we have to other hand it behooves us all to stand to- knows that the gold bezant gave the Byzan­ . understand what thef are for and what gether and resist ridiculous standards and tine empire, that ramshaclde relic to which needs to be done to strengthen them. It has ·demands created by over-reaction to a vocal Gibbon devoted his later and less read vol· to be recognised that safeguards cannot· and · but minority public opinion. We must insist -umes, 800 years of stable prices. It is inter­ are not intended to be a comprehensive de- on cost benefit analysis- in assessing the esting to note that the average earnings of tective system for identifying proliferatjn.g need of extravagant and costly measures. ali English worker in 1900 came to half an states. It is generally recognised, and con- Let me give you an example--a.t Wlndscale, ounce of gold a week and that in 1979 after firmed by historical experience, that. the we in BNFL are spending over a hundred two world wars, a world slump and a world easiest, cheapest, and most usual route to million pounds to reduce -the risk of abnor· inflation, the British worker has average proliferation ls wholly clandestine. It is not mal discharges of radioactivity. {rom the earnings of half an ounce of gold a week, ·so the job of safeguards to detect such activi- site. Of coqrse the normal level should be much for the power · of the trade unions. ties; that is for intelligence agencies. low-and I accept that it should be lower Pr.ofessor Roy Jastram of the University of For safeguards to be .effective we need than it presently is, and we are doing some- California has calculated, on an index with f our things: thing ab;out that-but to provide, for exam· 1930 as 100, that the purchasing power of To define the.criteria-which the Agen· ple, for fuel storage ponds which have con­ gold in England was 124.8 in 1600 and 129.2 cy must meet .in terms of the· probabillty of tainerisation of the. fuel so that activity in 1900. In contrast to these centuries of sta­ the detection of divenion of . significant does not escape to the pond water, followed bility, the gold price in recent years has quantities of special .nuclear materials. We by, an exorbitantly expensive water treat­ moved about in a breathtaking way, yester­ in BNFL have taken account of IAEA guide· ment plant in case any does escape, and day reaching a new-peak Qf $447Y, an ounce. 772 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980

The purchasing power .of gold ts at pres­ spite the fact that the rise in the value of was originally designed to benefit ent high by historic standards. At any rate the gold reserve of the United States has small farmers has been sadly abused that ts true in terms of the majority of com­ been an immense benefit to the American by p, small clique of special interest modities. However. the purchasing power of economy. Without the United States gold corporate agribusinesses. The result -gold is not exceptional if measured tn terms reserves the dollar would have fallen even has not only been the subsidization by of labour·cost or In terms of the price of oil. farther. The recent movements of the gold price sug­ Jt would be better if the United States and taxpayers of megafarms, but the un­ gest that gold and oil prices have become Indeed the International Monetary Fund dercutting of agriculture elsewhere in 'closely linked at somewhere between seven­ now officially ueept.ed the reality of their the Nation. · teen and nineteen barrels of oil to the ounce situation. Under the presmre of domestic I recently addressed the Texas of gold. The present gold price movement inflation and of the world oil shortage, Farmers' Union on this subject. and seems to . anticipate a further rise In the other people's paper currencies have ceased want to share that speech with my col­ price of oil. to be satisfactory as a security for the fu-· leagues: TWELVE-FOLD ltlSI: ture of independent nations. Currencies may be held temporarily or f• convenience, RECLAMATION LAW AND THE FuTuRE OP' THE It ts not surprising that the gold price ~ut it Is no longer possible to make a realis­ FAMILY FARM IN AMERICA should respond to the oil price because both tic estimat.e of e~ their medium term pur­ We meet today at one of the critical peri­ are commodities in limited supply.- Gold, chasing power. We have reason to expect like oil, has probably passed the peak of its ods in history regarding the family farmer 'that the purchasing l)()wer of the dollar in in America. Over the next few months, the world production though. unlike oil, It is a 1990 will be well below its purchasing power virtually indestructible commodity of which Congress will decide. with your help or not, today. We may suspect that it wm fall by at whether the family farmer is a myth to be much the greater part that has ever been least 50 per cent, which would represent mined still survives. There is only a fixed extolled or an outmoded romantic Idea compound tnnatton at Just over a seven per which we should simply ~card amount of gold in the world potentially cent rate. We may fear that it wfil not fall available to be exchanged for oil; there is a For years. Congress has regarded the rec­ potentially unlimited supply of currencies. by more than 75 per cent, which would be lamation program as the special policy of compound inflation at a 15 per eent rat.e. In the seventeen Western States. Over the and their value in terms of gold or oil has in. holding dollars there ts the certa.lnty of loss, most cases rapidly declined. years, billions of dollars ln subsidized Feder­ offset by the benefit of interest. but the al projects and subsidized water have con­ Since 1968 the price of gold in terms of scale of the potential loss ls not predlct~le. dollars has rise!) by more.than twelve times. verted millions of ·arid acres into fertile At least that is one way of looking at it. An· The Ainerican decision to block the Iran­ farmland. T~ cost to taxpayers oJ these other way of looking at it is to say that the ian dollar balances was not an unreasonable subsidies totaled $5 billion as of 1976. response to the threats of withdrawal of value of the dollar in terms of gold has fal­ Congress knew in 1902 that reclamation len by more than 90 per cent In less than funds and the outrageous seizure of the would include subsidies. But we believed American hostages. but tt did take the proc­ that subsidies were Justed because they twelve years. At the beginning of 1968 gold it played only a minor part in the reserves of ess of decline farther. po1lticized the dol­ would stimulate the agricultural develop­ lar~ That decision .ma.de the dollar a reserve the central banks. As a r~ult ot the in-· ment of non-productive. or underproductive crease in the price over half the value of all asset wholly conditional on the good will of areas. This goal has been marvelously central bank reserves now consists of hold­ the American _government. Against the dol­ achieved.. Lands served by reclamation proj­ ings of gold, including well over 90 per cent lar gold has therefore two advantages. It is ects produce billions of doITars in fooa anct of the value of the central ·bank reserves of very unlikely that tn 1990 the purchasing fiber every year. the United States. Apart from the proceeds power of gold. which Js scarce. will f:µl But a second purpose of the reclamation of some swap· agreements. gold is all they below its present level. and it ls probable program has not been as fuUy realized. have. .that It will be well above it. Gold a.1so ls not The concept behind the Reclama­ political; it ts a possession and not a prom­ central It is perfectly possible that the gold price ise. A ·government which owns an ounce of tion Act: Its author said in 1902, was '4To will again have a temporary fall at some gold does not have to ask the United States Guard Against Land Monopoly" by assuring point in the future as a- --result of world re­ or anyone else for permission to cash it. that the program's benefits were allocated cession or of speculation boiling over. Ye( Gold is a national reserve no other govern­ to "Small Tracts for the People of the En­ the forces which have knocked the dollar ment can inflate and no other government tire Community." To achieve this goal, a down against gold are far stronger at the be­ ~an block. 160-acre limit was included in the law in a.n ginning of the 1980s than they were at the TWO QUESTIONS effort to assure the widest distribution of beginning of the 1970s. The world shortage The gold supply Is finite: that is its mone­ the program's sub.sidlsed benefits. of· oil, the competition faced by American tary significance. The oil supply Is finite; This 160-acre limit has caused no severe industry, the rate of inflation in the United that ts Its economic significance. Gold has. hardship for tens ol\housa.nds of farm fam­ States, all undermine the dollar now in a by intrinsic q\DIUttea and a.ge.tnst current· ilies over the seven decades of the reclama-. way they did not ten years ago. It would be theory, resumed the domin-ant reserve role. tion program. difficult to find any plausible argument for That is fact. There are, however. two Ql!es­ Recent studies by the Department of the supposing that gold will weaken in dollar tions. Can the gold base, be engaged in the Interior show that at least 96 J)el'Cellt of all terms in the 1980s. systems in such a wa.y as to bring world In· farms are in compliance with the law today. THE OIL FACTOR flation:ary exPectatlons under control? The . In that case. why the great public debate Other currencies, the D-mark. the Swiss old gold standard achieved that down to about reclamation? After an. reclamation franc and the yen are likely to be used to di­ 1914. for the reasons Ricardo gave. Can gold lands account for only 1 percent of agricul­ versify the dollar content of world reserves. loans be used to disarm the -world interest tural lands in the United States, and 96 per­ yet neither Germany, Switzerland nor rate competition? Gold loans naturally have cent of them are largely unaffected by the Japan have any oil. In a world critically low nominal and low real rat.es of interest. current debate. It ls obvious that. even if short of energy no non-oil currency can Gold has forced its way back in one of its the Carter Administration proposals were to have more than marginal importance for re­ traditional roles. Can we make use of it tn cause unshtrted chaos on this mtnlscule per­ serve purposes. It seems likely therefore other roles t.o help with other apparently centage of our n&tion•s farmland-and they that gold's share of the value of world re­ · insoluble world economic prol>lems?e will not-the impact on our .agricultural serves will continue· to rise in the next economy would be extremely -slight. decade. There is a division between the func­ To understand the vehtmlence of the ops tion of money as a store of value and. its RECLAMATION LAW AND THE position, and to appreciate fully the reasons function as a · vehicle for transactions. FAMILY FARM IN AMERICA why they are spending hundreds of thou­ . Gresham's Law states that ' bad money . sands of dollars to fight this law. we must drives out good, by which is meant that a look to the ownershJJ) of that 4 percent of man who has both bad and good money 'will HON. GEORGE MILLER reclamation farmers .who are In violation of keep the good and use the bad to settle OF CALIFORNIA the law. people who in many instances are transactions. In the 1980s gold is llkeey to IN THE HOUSE OF REP.RESENTA'l'IVES not farmers at all. Those 4 percent of recla­ remain the preferred store of value and the mation farmers control 36 percent of aH of dollar the preferred currency of circulation. ThursdflJI. Janu.a1'1J_ 24, 1980 the land in the program. Central banks already treat gold as too valu­ • Mr. .MILLER of California. Mr. In fact. the top 1 1,1>ercent of landowners able to sell, and faced with a shortage prefer Speaker. the House will consider legis­ control one-fifth of all reclamation land. to pledge their gold and borrow dollars rath­ lation amending the Federal Reclama­ This unjustified concentratfon of wealth er than sell their gold. ls precisely the evil which opponents of the The European Monetary System recog­ tion Act later this year. reclamation program predicted three-quar­ nizes that gold has again become the re­ This legislation is vital to a univer­ ters of a century ago. the new lands bill was serve base of the world monetary system. sally lauded. though frequently jg. denounced ln 1'902 as .. A Scheme of Specula­ This is still deeply offensive to some econo­ pored, American tradition-the family tors and Land Grabbers To Loot the Nation­ mists and to the United States Treasury, de- farm. The reclamation program. which al Treasury for Private Profit." January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 773 A small-coterie of selfish men have at- Even· in project areas, Texas' reclamation mum benefits, and· secondly, exempt them­ . tempted to twist the reclamation program farmers are outdistanced by Californians. selves even from these loose requirements. away from broad national goals in order to California's farmers enjoy much larger sub­ To achieve that end, they are flexing mas­ serve their own narrow purposes. They seek sidies. A 1,760-acre farm in an older project sive political muscle. In 1978, the political to line their own pockets with the taxpay­ area receives a subsidy of $62,000, according action committee of the J . G. Boswell ranch, ers' money, and to reap extravagant profits ·to an authoritative study. the largest, cotton producer in the United from a program intended not for corporate In a newer district, like California's west­ States, contributed $30,000 to political can- agribusiness, but for the family farmer. lands water district, the subsidy to the same didates. · Now, after the projects -have been built sized farm is nearly five times that amount. Every Senator who voted on S. 14, and and the deserts are blooming, after they · The estimated crop value per irrigated who received money from Boswell's pac, have made billions in profits and cost the acre in a reclamation project in California is voted to exempt :Qoswell's largest land-hold­ taxpayers billions more, these corporate in· $781 versus an average througl}out the west­ ing from the law. terests are seeking to change the rules of ern states of $475. In Texas, the estimated In 1979, a few of these Central Valley irri­ the game in order to eliminate the last bar­ per acre crop value is Just $287. gators contributed $50,000 to the Carter­ rier between their greed and future profits: This undercutting of other regions' econo­ Mondale reelection campaign. If there was a The reclamation law itself. Their device to mies is inconsistent not only with the intent price attached to that contribution, we have achieve this victory over the taxpayer, over of the recl8,Jllation program, but with specif­ yet to,learn of ft. the family .farmer, and over the spirit of the ic promises made in Congress at the time These interests have established wen~or­ reclamation program, is the Senate-passed Callfornia's projects were authorized. ganized lobbying efforts in Congress, staffed S.14. When the San Luis unit in California was with high-powered advocates, including for­ Tony Dechant, the president of the Na­ debated in 1960, the project's chief advo­ mer Congressmen. They have demonstrated tional Farmers' Union, has called S. 14 ·"a cate, Congressman B. F.Sisk, promised:rep­ their power in forcing most of their posi­ blatant welfare handout for the corpora­ resentatives of other regions that the proj­ tions through the U.S. Senate. tions and syndicates who have been violat­ ect would not undermine cotton production Someone might think, from my comments ing the law for years." I couldn't say it any outside California. here today, that I am anti-reclamation, or better, except to add that you can get a hell "Rather than increasing acreage 1n cot­ anti-farmer, or even anti-California. Noth­ of a lot richer off reclamation than you can ton, the San Luis unit definitely would re­ ing could be further from the truth. I off welfare in California! duce the cotton acreage in California," Rep. strongly support reclamation and agricul­ I want to spend some time today discuss­ Sisk predicted. Diminished cotton produc­ ture, within my home State and elsewhere. ing some aspects of the reclamation pro­ tion in California "will happen once we de­ I oppose the perversion of a program by gram which I know are Important to you in velop and get some sweet water,'' Sisk prom- narrow and selfish interests who are using Texas, and which I think mandate your ac­ ised. ' political .muscle ~d money to undermine tiye involvement in this legislation. Senator Clair Engle shared Sisk's view. the intended beneficiary of the reclamation The most f1,U1damental point to recognize "the San Luis project will not add to price­ program, the family farmer. is that the future of the reclamation .pre­ supported agricultural ' production," Engle I suggest that we are witnessing the last gram is going to have a direct bearing on said. "My opinion is that cotton production act of a drama whose · script was written the future of agriculture in Texas and in will decline,'' because enhanced water avail­ many years ago. Any" Congressman who had other areas of the country even less affected ability would stimulate the growth of small­ stood on the floor and advocated a Govern­ by the program. er farms which were ill-suited for cotton ment-subsidized program to aid corporate . The presence of major reclamation proj­ production. agribusiness .would have been hooted down ects, especially in California and Arizona, In order to guarantee still further that by his colleagues. has served to undercut farm profitability in new irrigation not cut into established farm So the projects were authorized to benefit other areas of the country. The perpetua­ production, a special proviso was included in the family farmer. And now, after the subsi­ tion of the massive agribusiness domination the law barring use of Federally subsidized dies have not only assured the financial suc­ of reclamation in those few areas, whi~h S. water for the production of surplus crops on cess of these farmers, but have also under­ 14 would assure, puts enormous · political newly irrigated lands. This proviso, which mined the competitive position of farmers power into the hands of your competitors, exists in numerous bills authorizing recla­ in non-reclamation areas, the special inter­ who have already undercut agriculture in mation projects, was made a permanent pro­ ests are making an effort to scrap every f ea­ non-r~clamation areas. hibition in the case of only one project-San ture of the progra.D)-except the profits. Look at cotton as an example. In 1920, the Luis, which of course· includes the highly I don't think we in Congress can afford to Far West contained only one percent of the controversial Westlands water qistrict. let that happen. And frankly, I don't think nation's cotton producing acreage, com­ But, in fact, these promises have been Ig- the farmers· of Texas can either. pared to 35 percent in the Deep South. nored. · Let me briefly summarize the features of In 1975, the West's share of cotton acre­ · Since San Luis was developed, cotton·pro­ a renewed reclamation program which are age grew to 14.1 percent, while the South duction there has doubled rather than de­ essential, as contained in my own legisla­ declined to Just 7.9 percent. And the West's clined. In the Imperial irrigation district, tion, H.R. 5783: 14 percent of the land produced ~early one­ where 20 percent of the farms are in excess An acreage limitation which assures eco­ third of the nation's cotton. of 1,000 acres, there are 138,000 acres of cot­ nomic viability as well as permits the largest In all, about two and a half million acres ton. . number of true farmers to participate in the of cotton production has been lost to Cali­ And there is still more, not only did irriga­ program. I believe a limitation of 640 acres, fornia a.Iid Arizona from other States like tors increase cotton production in San Luis, adjusted in areas of shorter growing seasons Louisiana, Mississippi, Oklahoma-and they also illegally expanded their service or high elevations achieves this goal. This Texas, representing an annual economic loss area by more than 100,000 acres~ and irrigat­ acre limit would mean that about 97 percent to those areas of $616 million: · ed this new land with subsidized water. And of reclamation farmers are in compliance Now, apologists will tell you that the when it became inconvenient to honor the today. reason for the shift in cotton production is restriction on irrigating new lands to grow A requirement that beneficiaries be actu­ productivity and profitability. Certainly, cotton, the San Luis growers got the Interi­ ally engaged in the farm operation, in order California and Arizona have longer growqig or Department to waive the law, an act to eliminate absentee owners and anony­ seasons and· other natural attributes which which _the General Accounting Office has mous corporations from benefitting from a increased productivity. told me was blatantly illegal, and which we­ program intended for the real farmer. But they also have the massive subsidies succeeded in stopping this year. Reductions in water price- subsidies, so· of the reclamation program. including ·subsi­ Since cotton has not been in surplus sup­ that a Texas cotton farmer who must spend dized water, subsidized storage and delivery ply in recent years, this cutoff has not been .$50 or $60 to pump an acre foot of water not systems, a secure· water supply, and other necessary. However, I wonder whether the· be undercut by ~ California reclamation benefits which make it more profitable to reason for cotton's non-surplus state is due farmer who gets an acre foot for $7 .50. grow ·cotton on marginal land in the central to the loss of so many acres of cotton in the Requirements that· water resources be ef­ valley of California than it is in many of the south and border states. It is evident that ficiently used, and that groundwater ac­ best areas of Texas. California and Arizona cotton has displaced quifers be. managed in order to prevent de­ According to the USDA, a 320-acre recla­ older cottQn producing· regions rather than pletion and subsidence. mation farm in California can realize an in· having supplemented them. The orderly disposition of excess lands, in come of between $16,000 and $85,000 a year. The same interests which have perverted keeping with the agreements made by bene­ On the high plains of Texas, that . same the intent of the reclamation program with ficiaries at the outset of the program, with. farm would have an income of $79, and in regard to cotton production are now seeking strict price controls to prevent speculative Nebraska, a 320-acre wheat farm would lose to repeal the entire law. Their vehicle for sale and resale. · money. this assault on the taxpayers and competi­ Opponents of the reclamation program, And I want you to remember that the tors in agriculture is Senate Bill S .. 14. Their who ironically are often its greatest benefi­ large cotton growers th California don't own goal is two-told; first, weaken every feature ciaries, are working overtime to convince a20 acres, but thousands of acres. of the law to provide themselves with maxi- the Congress that the day of the family 774 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Januar y 24, 1980 farm is dead. You in the Texas "Farmer's pensable role in tralnlng our citizens nomlc, and spiritual unity of the Soviet peo­ Union know that Is not true. and educating our leaders in every ples." But you have to demonstrate that convic­ field of endeavor. The private sector . In other words, what Brezhnev ls In .tact tion to :your own representatives in Con· saying is that, in time, the people of the gress, with the. same determination which has made an outstanding contribution Soviet Union will become totally Russified. agribusiness is using to crush you and con­ to ·the education of our young and has This attempt Is ·not new, nor is the inten;. gressional proponents of the family farm. helped to maintain our Nation's aca­ tion. The history of Russification goes .back I think we can have a sound reclamation demic competitiveness• . It is of. para­ to czarist times, when the Russian despots program; protect the .fa.mlly farm. and re­ mount importance to the health and tried to Jorge a solid human empire on their duce unconscionable subsidies to special in­ vitality of comm~ties throughout vast geographical dominion. They used all terest farmers. I think you agree. and I America to maintain an effective and possible means, to .no avait think the 96 percent of reclamation farmers viable private educational system. We At the end of the last century Armenians who are in compUance with the law today In the Caucasus were subjected to systemat­ agree. tet•s bring that coalition together by need their leadership and the many ic attempts at ·Russification. Not only were supporting reclamation legislation embrac­ contributions they continue to make we ridiculed with derogatory names such as ing the family farm Instead of making a to our society. We cannot afford to 'Armyashka' but our church property was mockery of it. · lose their effectiveness. ordered confiscated and our schools were I want to thank you for the support which · Accordingly, I . am introducing this shut down and Armenian children thrown you have provided to me on behalf of this legislation -to guarantee that the struc­ out Into the streets. All of these actions and legislation in the past, and to ask again tor ture of our educational system will the not so_conspicuous negative ,attitude to­ your help over the next several months. I provide a superior ancl reliable educa­ wards us were designed to force us to melt look forward,to working together with you, tion f.or all the youth of our Nation, Into the 'great' Russian people. But we did and I appreciate your invitation to t-a.lk. here not sit down and accept our fate passively. today with you.e regardless of whether they are public Our organization led popular demonstra­ or private school students.• tions and protests against the arbitrary ac­ tions of the czarist government and won our ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR rights back. , . PRIVATE EDUCATION NO TO RUSSIFICATION The situation does not seem to have changed much In the_post czarist era, since HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI the new czars In Moscow seem bent on the -HON.FRANKL GUARINI same course. Brezhnev's words of 'greeting' or 11BW .JERSEY OF ILLINOIS · should be enough proof for skeptics. Rus- IN THE HOUSE 01" REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESE!fTATIVES sian words and usages have already found · Thur.'Sdav, Fnnu.,,...... , , Thursday, Ja,n11,(J,ry 24, 1980 their way Into the Armenian written and ., """' -· • 24 1980 · spoken In Armenia. Attempts to clean the • Mr. GUARINI; Mr. Speaker, today I • Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, spe- language of such foreign matter have been have introduced legislation to amend cial emphasis is being placed · on the dealt with drastically In the recent the Department of Education Organl- current "russificatlon"' efforts within past •.. , f the ,U.S.8.R., and the Russian at- During 1978 there was an official attempt zation Act to establish an Off.ice O tempts to dilute the nationalistle spirit to pronounce Russian as the official lan­ Private Education administered by an of 'the non-Russian peoples held cap- guage of the Caucasian republics, Georgia, Assistant Secretary, tive. Azerbaijan and Armenia. After violent dem- The statutory creation of this office . Now that the President has learned onstrations by the Georgians, the idea was · is essential to insure a more equitable that the Soviets cannot be trusted, drstaoteppedd and the local languages were rein- participation by pri~ate SQhool stu- ~ dents in a n Fed eral educ~ti onal . pro- l)erhaps he will take up consideration Our main concern In this matter is the grams for which they are eligible. of the composition of the Soviet em- preservation of our trreplacable language In my ongoing discussions with plre; and as a matter of policy, have handed down to us from three mlllenia, and President Carter, James Mcintyre, Di- the Voice· of Amert~ Radio Liberty, through it the preservation of our unique and _ Radio .Free Europe broadcast Identity. Our language is, Indeed ,one of our rector of the Office of Management more informative messages to the peo- most valued national treasures. we·cannot and Budget, and others in the execu- pie within the U.S.S.R. who yearn for sit back and see it smothered by bearish tive branch, I have been assured of the hugs. administration's strong support for the return of their freedom. · But how can that be prevented? this legislation. In a letter to me last An ·editorial in the ·January 19 Arme- We think' the most effective way to pre- h Presid t t d Dian Weekly discussea the widespread vent that is to strengthen the Armenian Sept em b er, t e ent s a e : attempts by the Soviets to weaken the language in Armenia itself. We appeal to You have my personal commitment that Armenian culture and language in so-· the nationalistic duties and sentiments of this office will be continued at the. highest viet Armenia. I wish to insert the edi- . the leaders of Soviet Armenia for the real- level headed by an Assistant Secretary. torial at this point: ization of the following: These goals- will be met during the lmple· The widespread use of Armenian in gov- mentation Of the reorganization. (From the Armenian Weekly, Jan. 19, 1980) ernmental and public institutions, as well as The administration has since restat- No TO RussIFICAT1011 · a commitment to preserve the natural pro.r- ed its commitment to my legislation, Armenian papers in the diaspora recently ress of the language; · for the President realizes that there published a report based on .a-secret docu- 'Restoration of the·cancelled classes In Ar· ment smuggled out of the Soviet Union, ac- menian language and history throughout needs to be a strong, clear voice f or cording to which the' teaching of the Rus- the school system of the Republic, and the private education at a high official sian language would become mandatory for strengthening of such courses through level within the new Department. My all ethnic minorities in the Union. The doc- grants and assistance from the government; bill would guarantee Just such a bal- ument was signed by Soviet Prime Minister, The teaching of all subjects In Armenian, anced educational policy, one that Alexei Kosygyn on the 6th of December• .from kindergarten to University levels; takes into account the academic needs 1978. Teaching of Russian as a language only, and opportunities available to all During May, 1979, a conference was held . Limit the number of Russian :-a ti ·1d t blish th the language of friendship and cooperation schools In the Republi~ This l egi s.1a on wou es a e .' among the peoples of the USSR." At this Making Armenian the language In use iD Assistant Secretary for Private Educa- conlerence i. number of projects were devel- all official and unofficial dealings within tion as· the principal advisor to the oped for the teaching and dissemination of the· Republic, and resorting to Russian only Secretary on all matters affecting pri- the Russian language In the Union. In a let- an inter-party and inter-republic transac­ vate education, in addition to granting -ter of greeting sent to the conference, Leo- tions; that individual responsibllity for all Did Brezhnev says. among other thtngs: The use ot Armenian in all radio and tele­ departmental aotlvtties impacting on "The role of the Russian language has vision programming. and the restriction of private elementry and secondary edu- been growing as a medium of communica- Russian to programs of general. All-Union ti I instit tion among the various peoples of the Union concerns. · ca ona u tions. for the building of communism and the edu- In other words, the restoration of· Anne- Whlle public education provides in- cation of the 'new man'. The doJnination of ·n1an to its natural position and role as an structlon to the· majority of Amert- the Russian language, side by aide with the official national language. cans, we must never forget that prt- native languages, will facwtate the subse- During our more than three thousand vate institutions have played an indls- · q1;1ent strengthening of the political, eco- years of history many nations hav~ attempt- · January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 775 ed to assimilate us, but all have failed, not through inflation, strangled economic life other unsuccessful entrepreneur, what so much because of the weakness of their through regulation. and divided American would be the effect on the economy? strength but because of our own resistance society through social conflict and strife. A. Surely It would be felt, and felt imme­ and determination to.survive as a unique en­ But above all their "Liberal" preoccupation diately, because. ft would produce a r~e in tity. with economic redistribution of wealth has unemployment. It would have made the re­ Identity cannot be preserved without permitted world Communism to become an cession of 1980 a little more severe. But the struggle.e ominous threat to American security and in· unions and the American People would have dependence. . · learned an important lesson and. thJs would Q. Given our confiscatory taxes, crippling have been beneficial in the long-run. HARD MONEY .AND ' regulations, and the myriad of problems ·Q. There is a. . strong laissez.faire cadre CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT these·eause, do you foresee Americans orga- among Conservaitve·economists; what meas­ nizing politically to remove government con­ ures would they recommend to correct the trols and high taxes, or do you expect more American economic malaise?" HON. RON PAUL of the same? A. They would depend on the forces of the OF TEXAS A. There is a possibility for change. If market. They would not interfere. Any busi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Liberalism" drags on for another five years ness that makes market mistakes such as after carrrylng the day at the next Presi- Chrysler did, even though compounded by Thursday, JanuaT1J 24, 1980 dential election, and say a determined "Lib· the intervention, the blunders, and regula· • Mr. PAUL. Mr Speaker, one of the eral" like Senator Kennedy is put in the tory burdens impased by the federal govern­ Whlte House, you would have a continu­ ment, would be permitted to fall. People West's greatest economists and cham- atioli of these conditions. "Liberalism" would learn a lesson. The market would ad­ pions of freedom-Dr. Hans F. Senn- uld t' 1 t th Wi ... 11n -IS•• • '"-terviewed in the January wo s imu a e e economy ar . CAAU,J just both to the labor situation and to the holz u1 with many new government programs and supply and demand for cars and transporta­ 9 issue of Review of the News. higher deficit spending. The Federal Re- tion. We would not invite wholesale federal lf this Congress could pay attention serve would infuse massive doses of infla· takeovers. of our basic industries. to the wisdom of Dr. Sennholz, then tionary credit into the economy. The feder­ Q. The sad state of the American dollar ls America could head back toward hard al bureaucracy would swell considerably as another problem of grave concern. Do you. money and-constitutional government. the many programs are put into effect or think that a return to the gold standard in Our present trend leads only to disas- old ones are expanded. And finally govern­ some form is possible in the near future? ter for ourselves and the entire West. ment control and regulation of enterprise A. Definitely. I think that within three to would reach new heights of oppression. The five years we wlll see a return·to some meas­ I would like to call this interview to rule of the day would be price controls, ure and form of the gold standard in inter- · my colleagues' attention. We must price support programs, corporate rescues, national relations, agreements, and settle­ listen to what this wise man says. cre.dif guarantees, · and government take- . ments between central banks and perhaps AN EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW WITH THE LEADING overs of failing businesses. commercial banks. FREI: MARKET EcoNoMIST Q. And what ff a more conservative Presi- dent were elected with a Congress to match? However, domestically, I don't think it's in New York University in bring about economic expansion and particularly Saudi Arabia, are thinking in 1955. Since 1956 he has taught at Grove achieve a larger economic "pie,""88 they say. terms of trading gold for oil. City College where he is chairman of the Q. That sounds like the Kemp-Roth 'Bil . A. That's part of what I was refe.rrlng·to a department of economics. voted down in Congress recently. minute ago. In internat'ional affairs, gold as Hans Sennholz is a member of the Mont A. The defect is that by itself it is unlikely a medium of exchange in one form or an­ Pelerin Society, an international association that a. Conservative Administration could otp.er will return. As a matter of fact, gold of Conservative scholars, and serves as the readily halt the inflation. A tax-cut that is constitutes more than half of the monetary shadow Treasury Secretary in the Conserva- · well directed to promote product!Pn will in· reserves of central banks even today, and as tive Citizens Cabinet. Professor Sennholz's deed stimulate the economy tn the long-run; the paper dollar Grove City College started Games. . . . An athlete who has been pre­ But of course the greatest question is that an investment club 10 years ago. -We have paring for his top performance for many of the military strength of the Soviet Union been investing in gold mining shares, in sil- years can feel such a decision as a blow to compared to that of the United States. If we ver, and in gold coinS, and I must say we -· his life-long ambition. Perhaps he will never have another five years of "Liberalism," have done very well. have another opportunity. January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 777 Once before, in the middle of the 1930's So it is in our vital interest to continue not less important to world security than the world faced a similar decision. A hand­ and intensify cooperation between countrieS' containing the Soviet Union. Pakistan ful of over-sensitive democrats accompanied and not exacerbate international relations. should not be misled about the depth of the by a not very constructive left wing rejected Moscow's angry reaction would be felt above· American commitment to nonproliferation. Berlin as the venue of the Olympic Games. all. within the orbit of its. power. It would And neither should India, whose tolerance But wise counsel, the Idea of pure sport free not affect the French, the Dutch, the for aid to Pakistan is about to be sought from the adverse influence of politics, Americans or the British but us. And yet we with shipments of nuclear fuel for its strong faith in the good example of democ­ maintain that the democracies should not. American-built reactor. Diluting the cam­ racy, triumphed. The Olympic flag was .send their athletes to the summer Olympic paign against proliferation could have bitter hoisted, and blended with the swastika, Ger­ Oames in Moscow. , consequences in Asia and other places, like many -became the major country in · the We are aware of the feeUngs of sportsmen South Africa, Argentina and Brazil. world for a number of glorious days. and of the declarations of representatives of' l{ow to limit the damage? Some quick re­ A Germany of magnificent sports the international Olympic movement. We assurance to Pakistan is desirable.. lo give its grounds, a Germany without strikes and un­ would be happy to live in a world where Government time to prove that it can make employment, perhaps somewhat militaristic sports could be separated from politie!J. But good use of long-term Western aid in a com­ and eccentric in its Nuremberg race laws but we do not live in such a world. Every athlete mon cause. The American two-year package also rid of the violation of law and order so from the eastern block ~ountries who goes of $400 millio~~to which other donors will characteristic of the free world. The moral to compete at the games Is a professional in add-seems about the l'.ight size, despite boost which Hitler Germany received by the the full sense of the word. He Is a state in­ President Zia's rude public discontent. His organization of the games drowned the vestment with the sole objective- of increas­ "peanuts'; are hard-ea.med American taxes. warning voices for a long time to come. ing the international prestige of his state. A But this aid to Pakistan can still be re­ Whether motivated by good will or compla­ Young person who expresses a view differ­ garde~ as a nonproliferation incentive-a. cency-it was one of many errors for which ent from state doctrine will never reach th~ one-time commitment to reduce the insecu­ the world had to pay a heavy price. centre of top sports performance. rity that led Islamabad to think of building a No one has any doubts that Moscow will In the Soviet concept the Olympic Games nuclear bomb. Congress should make clear be an inipressive host of the summer Olym­ are above all a political matter as well as an that the aid will not be repeated or expand­ pic Games. The stadiums, will be completed, opportunity of ga.itting hard currency. And ed unless Pakistan allows- international in­ the hotels ready, there will be plenty of what is more, the subjected countries of the spect.ion of all its nuclear facilities or other.­ food not only in Moscow but also in Kiev Soviet block have to contribute· a, set sum ta wise satisfies the existing law. The: law and Talin. There will not be a single demon-· cover the cost of the games. should stand through this one-time exemp·­ stration and· no delegation need fear a ter­ In our view the idea of s-epa.rating sports tion. rorist attack.. The first socialist state in the and politics is a cruel misunderstanding. If Simultaneouly, the United States can in-- worid . .. • will gain fresh international rec­ we bring it to its logical conclusion the next tensity the effort to impede Pakistan•s fur· ognition a.a the champion of the lofty idea Olympics may be held anywhere, in S-outh · tive acquisition of electrical and other of peace and friendship.... The Olympic Africa or in Vietnam. equipment for building a uranium. enrich­ flag at the Berlin stadium was an insult of Prompt moral sanctions-the most moder­ ment plant. Export restrictions by the in­ thousands. The same flag at a Moscow sta­ ate of all sanctions--have a greater value dustrial nations. have already slowed con,. dium will be an insult of millions. than a host of declarations. They wm pre­ struction. And France has canceled its The Soviet intervention in Kabul, de­ vent the aggressor from donning a halo of· -direct sale of a plutonium reprocessing prived of shabby Justifications, is an out­ peace, they embody the 'hope of averting· Elant. right and outrageous aggression. It is. not a dangerous future developments. It would be­ India's concern, meanwhile, is best re­ fortuitous deviation from good manners but better to change 'the city of the Olympics duced by demonstrating that Pakistan will a manifest component of the dragon seed. even at the last moment than to have a war be getting def~nsive weapons· and shifting Today we can merely guess its continu­ in the year of the Olympics.• · $ome military attention from its frontier· ation but dread its ultimate objectives. If . with India to that with Afghanistan. - the Soviet aggression in Afghanistan is ASIA NEEDS HELP, NOT India's so-called "peaceful" nuclear explo­ merely condemned by words it will, against A-BOMBS sion in 1974 was the first ever accomplished our will, become the norm to be repeated on ~}' secretly diverting fissionable material future suitable occasions. If we reprimand HON. LESTER L WOLFF ~rom a civilian program. That violation of the· aggressor but at the same time' allow pledges stimulated dangerous appetites 1n him to hold. the games we shall confirm our OF NEW YORK Pakistan ~d elsewhere. One more shipment impotence .in his eyes. . • . IN THE )JOUSE 01' REPRESENTATIVES of nuclear fuel to India-of the two request­ You are rightly a.,k.ing who we are and Thursday, Janua:ry·24, 1980 ed-might provide time for thorough discus­ where our responsibility lies for such a sig­ .sion of Asian security and nonproliferation nificant international act. • Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, because with Prime Minister Gandhi at the start of We live in Prague, the city where Mr. B~­ of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, her second period in office. To permit even many .have called for military and eco- . one shipment.. Congress should ask her to brak Karmal, the brand-new Afghan pre­ reaffirm former Pl'ime Minister Desai's-­ mier and general secretary, was screened, nomic aid to Pakistan. The administra­ commitment to work only on peaceful proj­ bought and trained. We are in opposition to tion is requestihg a $400 million aid ects and to stage no more explosions. our Government, but we are not in opposi­ package for the· nex~ 2 years. While I tion to our people. The overwhelming ma-· The toµghness and·constaney ot American feel that we must indicate our support diplomacy cannot be demonstrated with one Jority of our people.. share- our views. The· to Pakistan, we must not disregard the oniy difference between them and us is· that ha.nd while being undermined' with the we do not conceal our views. That is wfiy we law of. the land which does not .·anow other.e · have .been depriv~ of the fundamental afd to countries which have refused to ------human joys-to d0- the kind of> work which eschew the proliferation of nuclear THE MAJOR FOCUS OF THE "EN­ would give us more than Just-our livelihood. weapons. I believe strongly that nQ TERPRISE" SHOULD BE DE: Our children are branded with the mark of military aid should be given to Paki­ FENSE unreliability. At times we are interrogated, stan pending their acceptance of con­ vilified or imprisoned. Many consider the­ trols on nuclear proliferatfon. An edi­ HON. RON PAUL price we pay for the· feeling of a little free­ torial which appeared in the New dom and a. clear conscience excessively OF TEXAS York · Times on January 22, 1980, co­ IN THE HO'USE OF REPRESENTATIVES high.... gently expresses these views; As long as international developments Thursday,_January 24, 1980 proceed under the cloak of d~tente, as long ASIA NEEDS HELP, NOT A-BOMBS as modem western technology and grain· Some quick aid to· Pakistan may now be, • Mr~ PAUL. Mr. Speaker, I've long from overseas pours into the countries of as President Carter told Congress yesterday, believed that the true role of the mag­ the Soviet bloc our position is likely to- re-­ the "first order of business." But the under­ nificent Space Shuttle was· military. main unchanged. The moment the western standable desire t.o discourage further Sovi­ NASA's beautiful Enterpri&e will have states say "enough" our position will not be et advance in Asia. runs the risk of solving· civilian scientific uses. as well, but its enviable. Instead of shadowing us they wm one creditability problem· by· creating an­ main purpose should be -national de-. arrest us, insteaft of arresting us they will' other. even kill us. The same goes, for our Polish Pakistan has oeen denied American mili­ fense. and Hungarian friends whose regimes today tary and·economic aid since April because ft· Recently the Air Force Chief of show greater restraint. Any objection that. refused to give. adequate assurance that' it Staff said the same thing, and I. would this OI impossible In Europe in the 1980s Is a. was not developing atomic weapons. Pre­ like to bring his remar~ to my col­ cheap and empty illusion. venting the spread of nuclear arms in Asia is leagues' attention: 778 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 24, 1980 [From the Santa Barbara News Press, Dec. It is also good to recount the victories and As the degeneration progressed, I reacted 6, 1979] progress made during the pa,st year. I have to · different approaches. I subscribed to SPACE .SHUTTLE PROGRAM PRIORITY SHIFTS To had the opportunity to vote on eleven occa- large print magazines and Journals and used DEFENSE, GENERAL SAYS · sions on the issue of public funding for various magnifying glasses. I used every abortions and have voted the pro-life posi- method possible in reading my correspond- VANDENBERG AFB.-The priority of the tion oil each occasion. We have fought some ence and Journals needed in my work. All space shuttle .program has now shifted to hard fights and have made progress. We this was of little help and when the final matters of national defense, according to have continued to demand the toughest pos- shock came, it came very suddenly. I was Oen. Lew Allen Jr., Air 'Force chief of staff. sible antl-abortion language In the labor- presiding at an annual banquet, and when I The general told those attending the HEW appropriations bill, even when it looked at the seating chart of the speakers' annual meeting of the Military Operations meant holding up government' paychecks table, I could not'see the paper in my hand. Research Society here this week that ". . . and programs. We ti_ave added anti-abortion I J'ealized that I was blind. The shock was whatever else the shuttle does and whatever riders- to an increasing number of bills, in· terrific. It seemed that there was nothing other purposes it will have, the priority, the eluding defense, medicaid, District of Co-. left that I could do. . emphasis and the driving momentum now lumbia, and education bllls. And we are at- At that time I w~ in the hands of another has to be. those satellite systems which are tempting now to restrict the use of State ophthalmologist. He said that the left eye important to national security." medicaid funds.for abortion, even when mis- could not be helped, but there was a slight He declared that this "is a change from guided Judges rule that the ·1aw. requires the chance that the right eye could be helped what had been true a year or so ago." The expenditure of those funds for. that pur- by laser surgery. As a drowning man would, general, a member of the Joint Chiefs of pose. I grasped at any straw, the result was nega­ Staff in Washington, added: But our progress has not been universal. tive and the right eye was now worse than "It is a change which is apparent and ac- Abortions are still legal in every State in the the left. His only reaction was, "We did our cepted now, and it's a change which will, if union. And they are still performed in every best, but it did not work. I would like to see there are additional technical difficulties in State in the union. We continue to be sty- you in a year." I (elt that an ophthalmol­ the shuttle program, become more and more mied 1in our efforts to initiate an anti-abor- _ogist who had done all that could be done significant consideration as we go on down· tion· constitutional amendment. We con- should not drop the· case in such manner, that proim.un." tinue to have court cases fly in the face of but should c9unsel with the patient as to The general said that the space systems of reason and congressional intent in our laws. the rehabilitation that was available and the United States are in a period .of some · We continue to ha\re pro-abortion forces helpful in meeting all the frustrations and transition associated with the introduction fighting on every appropriations bill and on problems that he would encounter. The of the shuttle: every amendment. frustrations were numerous and almost in- The shuttle program, l:,le said, turns out to In· the long run, I hate no doubt that we · surmountable. They · were leading to anxi- be a program "whieh is quite critical for will be victorious. As I told you last year, eties and anxieties lead to tensions ,while concerns of na.tional defense and for con- . our ethical heritage, our cultural heritage, tensions lead to more serious problems. cems of the verification of treaties." and our religious heritage all argue for one It was oniy by accident that I learned the Oen. Allen said for that .reason it (the single conclusion-we must be pro-life. Veterans Admilµstration had a program of shuttle> then has to meet a schedule since Until we achieve final victory, though, we rehabllitation. As a result, I lliade inquiries the programs provided with expendable must continue to, provide each other with of the Ideal Veterans Administration. I was launch vehicles are becoming with each support and encouragement; Believe me, I fortunate in that I was placed in the hands delay of shuttle more and more difficult to certainly hear from the other side on this of a social worker who was interested in the assure. issue every time I cast a pro~lif e vote. I need case and advised me as to what they had to "The confidence in the shuttle and its re- t;o k,eep hearing from you, too, when these offer in the Western Blind Rehabilitation liability must be sufficiently high for use to votes occur. Center- at Palo Alto, California. She ob­ place what is a substantial amount of the f will be glad to answer any questions you tained all the informatioil that was needed. security of the nation on the performance have and to try to bring you up to date on She arranged for tests and then arranged of that system," he said.•. ·• any further developments. At the same for my admission to the Blind Center. time, I welcome your suggestions on how we · . When I entered the Center, I did not can make further progress.e know what to expect. I was surprised that MARCH FOR LIFE their quota was only thirty students at a time. Later I felt that· this was very .desir­ REHABILITATION OF THE BLIND able as it permitted. working on a personal HON. EUGENE v~·ATKINSON basis with each student. I was also surprised OF PENNSYLVANIA . · HON. BOB WILSON to find a staff such as the one at the Center. It was a dedicated staff, and each one was IN TH,: HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES OP- CALIFORNIA eager for the development of 'the student to Thursda:11, JanUaT'!/ 24, 1980 IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES his highest potentials. When a student·suc- • Mr. A'.I'KINSON. Mr. Speaker, on cee~ed the staff member was as happy as January 22, 50,000 American citizens Thursday, JanuaT'!I 24, 1980 the student. There were also, disappoint- • Mr. BOB WILSON. Mr. Speaker, ments-but the inst~ctor always found came to Washington to impress upon my constituent, Irvin S. Gress of San some means to get around them. the Congress and the people of the Diego. recently wrote regarding the I had never worked very much with my United States the strong commitment · hands and fingers and this. was an obstacle we must all show for human life. I was marvelous care which he received at when the sense of touch had to substitute very moved by the participation of the Veterans• Administration's West- for the sense of sight. In the different Americ,ans from every segment of our em Blind Rehabilitation Center in classes this sense of touch became very im- Palo Alto, Calif. He feels, and I con- portant. One frequently heard the admoni- soci e t y, It is c1 ear to me tha t the sane- cur. that Congress should be aware .of ,-tion, "Braille It. Braille it." In other words, tity of the numan. llfe is -8. p.aramount . concern among the people of this Na- the type of service performed by this use your touch to cover what you lost in vi- tion. center and of the need to fun~ and ex- si~eir teaching is constantly being rein- I would like to insert in the RECORD pand. the availability of .such treat- forced, not by goodies as one would give a the text of my remarks to those com- ment. I ask unanµnous const!nt to rat when training or testiilg in a learning mitted individuals who came to Wash- share witµ my House colleagues the experience, but more by personal approval ington from the 25th Dist__rict of Penn- following paper en~~tled "Rehabilita- such as the words _super, perfect, .great and sylvania. I would also like to thank tion · of the Blind, which outlin,es· especially the show of Joy at one s success. those doncemed ·citizens ·for their . Irvin .Gress' experiences. The student has the feeling that the staff is · . · R B interested in him as a person. This personal heartfelt concern. It is this type of ac- EHABILITATION OF THE LIND interest is a great thing in the rehabilitation tivity which convinces me that the (By Irvin S. Gress> program. It becomes evident that members cause for which we work will be a vie- Approximately forty years ago my oph- of the staff do .not ihink of their work as a torious cause. thalmologtst told me that I had a problem Job but a.a a way of helping and serving My .remarks follow: · with my eyes and that it would get worse · mankin4. _ · over the years. He diagnosed it as macular The Rehabilitation Center is a unit in the MARcH FOR LIFE degeneration and added that its cause and Veterans Administration Medical Center. It It seems difficult to believe that a ·whole cure were ·unknown. He also said that the was organized in· a very simple but lntelll­ year has passed since we met here last year, only hope was that science might come up gent manner. The school is headed by a Just a week after I assumed this office. It is with some answers before the degeneration chief and assistant chief. It was largely good to look around and see many familiar was complete. This, however, did not hap- their philosophy which made the program a ~aces and many dedicated faces. pen. complete success. A philosophy of love, lov- January 24, 1980 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 779 ing people and loving to work with.them. As number of such schools and I believe their of this sort will be established and that a result of-their labors, this philosophy has programs are very similar. more support for .sctentific research will be­ permeated the entire s.taff. · Braille ts a baste system for the blind. It is come available. It merits the support of leg­ A medical doctor is in charge of the especially helpful for the younger students. islatures and the public at large. health needs of the Blind Center. The The older veterans who have retired from I entered the Center filled ·with frustra­ school for the rehabilitation of the blind is their normal work are less interested but tions and searching for answers. I left the a service within the hospital in the Veter- are helped by learning enough to identify Center inspired by those who had overcome ans' Medical Center. The doctor is very effi- clothing, etc. their frustrations and by those who were cient, professionally, and carried the work In communication, touch typing ts· espe­ dedicated to a program of service.e beyond that required with a personal inter- cially helpful. Closed circuit TV'a are used est that often leads to a counseling situation for reading and writing. Here your materials which may be as helpful. to the individual as are magnified and projected on a screen. BACK OUR DOLLAR WITH GOLD the medicine prescribed. As various physical Typing may also be projected and errors defects are -uncovered, the student Is fur- corrected. ther tested in the hospital and -properly at- Another helpful program is in .shop or HON. RON PAUL . tended. . In this way; the student is both craft work. This emphasizes working with OF TEXAS physically and mentally cared for so that the hands and fingers, so necessary tor the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES his self esteem is built up and he is better sightless. Almost any type of craft work 1& abl_e to cope with everyday problems. _ available. Thursfl,ay, January 24, 1980 I might digress here to state that one of The problem .of mob111ty and safety ts • Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, when tl\e · the most coniinon effects of becoming blind most important. Here the student learns to N R bli , t J is the loss of the personal esteem of one's travel in busy areas with perfect safety. He ew epu c 8 cover 8 ory, anuary self. Many have contemplated suicide when ts taught to cross busy streets, locate shops 19, 1980, endorses the gold standard, they first discovered that they had become and business offices. This permits him to we know we have come a long way to­ blind or believed themselves to be useless or travel with safety by foot, busses and air- ward sound money. a "nobody" in the eyes of their friends. One planes. We wiil never stop inflation, and ·the · day he is important and looked up to, asked All instruction ts on an individual basis decline in our living standards, until we for advice and assistance, and the next day and·the student is never placed in competi- back our dollar with gold. 1 have intro- he is a "nobody" ignored by friends-who are tion·with others. d d 1 · 1 t' t often embarrassed and do not know how to There is also a program of self-sufficiency uce egis a ion ° do just that. adjust to his changed condition. tl'his feel- in the home. The preparation of food, Gold money is honest money; paper ing is also due to the fact that the patient menus, diets, as well as the use of common money is dishonest money; $700 gold is has been unable to make necessary adjust- equipment ts studied. sending us a message. I hope my col- ments. I found this to be true in all of the Another part of the program at the Palo leagues receive it in time. students. This need to feel important again Alto Center stood out in a remarkable way. The article follows: is most pressing. The public's difficulty ts Several races, nationalities, religious, educa- A CRoss or PAPER- largely due to a stereotyped concept of a tional and occupational backgrounds were man who can do nothing and ts left to stand represented. In spite of these differences on a comer with a tin cup seeking alms. there was a feeling in the group which· was 'l'he world of gold is not one for two-dollar This view is degrading to the patient. All he outstanding. Each member rejoiced at the bettors. Credit Suisse will accept less than needs is to feel that he is accepted as be- success of another. Each one respected the . five million dollars but the serious investor· fore-a normal human being able to do the rights of others. Differences in race, n~tion- should have· at least this much to start. The things that he had done before. This is .the ality or religion meant nothing. It was a gold bar customarily used in international program at Palo Alto. case of the blind leading the blind. If any- transactions weighs 400 ounces. Gold pro- . The Blind Center attempts to .have the one needed help there was always someone duces no return except for its own potential student lead a normal life. Their program nearby who responded. . rise in value, and there are costs connected provides for placing the student in positions If men can live together. for several with holdinJ it. Not an investment for peo­ that will involve him in various activities. months in this manner it is hoped. that they pie worried about their heating bills. The student may be taken to San Francisco might carry this ideal of respect for the In deep vaults beneath Wall Street and to see a baseball game, go on·· a picnic, go to rights of others back to their own communi- the Bahnhof Strasse in Zurfch, there is rodeos or deep sea fishing. He may even be ties. room after room filled with gold bars. Most taught to play golf with a staff member as The students also meet as a group with of the world's gold is held under 'the tight­ his caddy. If the student makes a -good drive their own officers. Here they learn to solve est security in a few great vaults. White­ in golf or if his putting is good, then his problems that arise. This too might be car- haired guards; like old family retainers, pre­ self-esteem is' enhanced. The program· does ried back in meetings with local school side over the hushed atmosphere. And prac­ not attempt to make the student an efft- boards, city councils, zoning committees, tically nothing happens. Up on the surface, cient player but to involve him with others. etc. · · the ownership of the gold is transferred by Naturally, he does not see much in baseball Another program under the supervision of an exchange of pieces of paper. But a gold but he becomes a part of the crowd, senses the . social worker was to bring a family bar is seldom moved. If a bar ts removed the atmosphere and listens to the announc- · member uld decline in relation to gold, which, in paper money; but the gold clause, ~ fix· reparation payments by the Germans.to the ing the "present" standard and the meas-> thereby represented all other prices in a French and. British. France and Britain -ure, assured that .the lender wouldn't .be one-factor consmner price index. The price. owed :tiuge war debts to the US. The trouble paid back in money that was devalued. Th~ of gold would rise to, say, $36 an ounce, ~eo­ was Germany didn't have any money. So Allies imposed a similar clause _on German ple would run to the Treasury and tum· in the US loaned the money to Germany, money obligations in the Versailles Treaty. 36 paper dollars for an ounce of gold. The which paid France and Britain, which paid The debtor, in a gold clause world, gained Federal Reserve then had to bring the price the US. This string of Chinese firecrackers nothing from depreciating the currency. down by reducing the number of dollars it went off in our . hands the moment we The cost of interest was purely that of hir­ 'Printed. Gold was ~ the canary miners stopped the new German loans. Since the · lng the money. A lender did not have to used as a warning signal. 1973-74 Arab oil gouge, American bankers, charge 12 to 15 percent "interest'' to cover In the early 1960s, de Gaulle carried off led by Chase's David Rockefeller, have in· the risk that repayment would be in funny Quite a bit of.OJU' gold by bringing in dollars volved us 1n an even more bizarre scheme. money. A loan,· in short. was a. loan· rather to trade, tanor.tng our assurances tha~ the The poor countries of the world could not than a currency speculation by a couple of dollar was good as gold. ·1n August 1971, at pay the Quadrupled oil prices. The Arabs amateurs. the Smithsonian, President Nixon reneged prol)OSed to de~it with Chase some of on -our promise: the OS eovernment would their oil profits if Chase would lend to the A gold standard is an arbttrary, but,com­ no longer redeem paper dollars with gold at poor countriea which would use the money pletely effectiye, method. of Umlting the any rate. John Connally was sent aroun~ to pay the Arabs for their oiL That has now amount of currency in circulation. To pro­ the world to tell foreign aovemment.s what been done to the tune of about $50 billion. duce a coin the government had to have 25.8 they coul~ do if they didn't. like it. Gold was The Arab loans to the American banks are grains of gold. To produce a dollar gold cer­ "demonetized;'':as the adrntntstration put it. short-term deposits while the American tificate the government had to be ready to We embarked on a campaign to prove term · and probably non-collectible. When Because all of the pieces oJ paper weren't that gold was Just another commodity. To Iran asked for its deposits back there was no likely to :be redeemed at the same time, the help foster this illusion gold flows are .offi­ money and no way to get any money. Prest-· government had some leeway-but not that cially treated tn trade statistics as the ex­ dent Carter's "freeze" of Iranian assets ob­ much. Government could only expand the port or Import of goods. A .nervous Arab de­ scured the fact that there are no assets to money supply by getting more gold, and the· cision to move $100 million of· gold from a "freeze": they have all been loaned out to world supply of gold is practically static. On New York bank to a Canadian bank ba.s the countries like Zaire and ·Peru to pay for oil. April 5, 1933, by executive order, President same seemtngiy·beneficlal effect on our bal· The banks claimed they had plenty of Roosevelt ordered all persons holding gold ance of payments as a $100-million sale of money, ·lt only Carter would let them pay, coins, bullion, or .certificates to deliver them American machines to a Canadian manufac­ but suspicious gold investors drove the price by May 1 to specified banks, where they turer~ up another 50 percent. would be exchanged for paper money. Gold In effect, our govermnent did to the rest There are a lot -of reasons to ·doubt West- had to go underground. What law gave the of the world in 1971 what it ,had -done to its . em leadership and currencies, but why do president authority to seize people's money own citizens in 1934. But of course you people turn to gold ·as an alternative? Why like this? A good question. Roosevelt couldn't put the rest -of the world 1n Jail for is it worth anything? Gold Jewelry ts pretty claimed he could do so by declaring a na­ holding gold So instead our government but not essential. Gold's industrial uses are tional emergency under the 1917 Trading tried to convince the world that gold was highly limited. Gold is scarce, is practically with the Enemy Act, which said something trivial. What was important was the dollar, indestructible, and glitters, but so what? about foreign ci.t:1Tency and foteigners'· cur­ the world's reserve currency, which we The value of gold ls not intrinsic but based rency. Until Roosevelt acted, it had ~ would carefully manage. There is a terrible on a commonly held idea· or convention. The curred to no one that this law had anything' inconsistency between