Canine Cosmonauts 1-2

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Canine Cosmonauts 1-2 NO. 113: JUNE 2017 ISSN: 1751-8261 MAGAZINE OF THE BRITISH SOCIETY FOR THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE Contents Canine Cosmonauts 1-2 Islamic Astronomy 3-5 Stargazing under a Dictator 5-6 Looking at Earth 7 Visions of the Universe 8-9 From Sweden to Space 10 A History of Dark Matter 11 Interview - Anna Maerker 15 BJHS, Viewpoint, BSHS info. 16 Editorial I This issue is devoted to the history of those who have gone in pursuit of knowl- edge of the furthest reaches of the cosmos. We begin with an article by Amy Nelson on the non-human explorers sent into space (1-2). Missions to space are also the focus of articles by Nina Wormbs, who asks why Swedens aim for the stars (10), and Robert Poole, who takes us on a journey through space historiography (7). Astronomy is the focus of articles by both Glen Cooper (3-5) and Pedro Ruiz- Castell (5-6), though each explores a very Canine Cosmonauts different context! Marek Kukula discusses the role of photography in astronomy, and Amy Nelson tells us about the dogs who led humans into space there are details of how that work contin- ues today (and an exhibition to attend! They were a motley crew. Most of the small, Many people saw the dogs as experimental 8-9). Last, but by no means least, Jaco de mixed-breed dogs enlisted as experimental re- subjects playing a critical role in the produc- Swart provides a fascinating insight into search subjects by scientists at the Institute of tion of knowledge about the environmental the history of the hunt for dark matter (11). Aviation and Space Medicine in Moscow be- conditions of space travel. Others viewed You’ll also notice a link to a survey asking gan their lives as strays. Pointy and flop-eared, them in ways that drew on the historic interac- for your views on Viewpoint (6): please do spotted and solid-colored, with hints of terrier, tions of people and dogs, identifying them as spend 5 minutes to give us your thoughts spaniel, or spitz in their ancestry, they could scouts bravely blazing the trail to outer space, on the magazine! not have understood the role they played as victims sacrificed on the altar of geopolitics, Contributions to the next issue should in our most Promethean project – the quest or as faithful servants of humanity. be sent to [email protected] by 15th to send humans into outer space and return The most famous space dog was also the August. them safely to earth. But their significance was most controversial. When Laika became the Alice White, Editor apparent to the scientific community and the first living creature to orbit the earth on 3 global public that followed each chapter of November, 1957, she instantly became a the unfolding race to conquer outer space. global celebrity. Her photograph appeared in 2 Viewpoint No. 110 seat and held her close. As she nuzzled him he stroked her, murmuring, “I so want you to come back.” A few days Lisichka and her fellow traveller, Chaika, perished when the booster rocket exploded during the launch of their spacecraft. Their failed flight remained secret for years and both dogs were written out of the published record. Disaster defined the career of Zhul’ka (Little Bug) as well, but with less devastating consequences. After surviving two verti- cal launches, Zhulka underwent training as a satellite dog and was sent on what supposed to be an orbital flight in December 1960 with a dog named Shutka. Technical issues kept the craft from entering orbit, and then the auto-destruct mechanism malfunctioned. The capsule with the dogs crash-landed in deep snow Cover image: A postcard of Belka and Strelka. near the Tungus meteor Above: Lisichka & Otvazhnaia. crater in Siberia. When Right: A pin commemorating Laika’s flight. the rescue team arrived Images courtesy of the author. two days later they found the dogs cold and hungry, newspapers, amateur radio operators tracked But a but alive. Oleg Gazenko, the the persistent bleeping of her satellite as it few dogs physician who oversaw the circled the globe, and millions of people hung stand out orbital flight program admired on every update about her condition and the for their abil- the pluck of the little dog with light progress of her flight. When it became clear ity to develop fur and black button eyes. He took she would not survive -- the means to return relationships with her home, where she lived for fourteen a satellite safely to earth had not been devel- their handlers. Often, years. Although she too, was written out of oped yet – observers in the West indicted those relationships proved the official histories, Gazenko regarded her as the Soviets for their callousness, while in the pivotal to a dog’s ultimate fate. a heroine of spaceflight. Eastern Blok, stamps, pins and monuments Several years before Laika’s historic orbital Where the space dogs are concerned, fame commemorated Laika’s feat. flight, for example, Tsygan and Dezik became and affection sometimes worked in contrary Other famous space dogs included Belka the first animals to survive in space when ways. Laika, whose name means “Barker,” was and Strelka who were the first living creatures they successfully weathered a vertical launch chosen for her one-way trip in part because to return safely from orbital flight in August to an altitude of 110 kilometres and experi- the researchers were more fond of the other 1960. Clad in their orange flight suits, they enced four minutes of weightlessness before two finalists. One of them, Al’bina, had appeared at press conferences, visited schools descending safely in their capsule to a landing already flown in two vertical launches and and were featured on magazine covers. Their on the steppe. A few days later, Dezik perished had recently had puppies. The consensus was images adorned stamps and postcards. One in the second test flight, prompting Anatoly that she had served science enough, so the of Strelka’s puppies was given to the Ken- Blagonravov, who headed the commission decision was made to sacrifice the less sym- nedy family as a playmate for Caroline’s dog, a overseeing the biological flight program, to pathetic (non-maternal) Laika. But seventy Welsh Terrier named Charlie. The two canine take the surviving dog home as a pet. Tsygan years after her historic flight, Laika lives on in cosmonauts did not fly again, but lived out accompanied Blagonravov everywhere, global popular culture, while Al’bina has been their days in the kennel at the institute where became the leader of the neighbourhood forgotten. The significance of Laika’s voyage they were trained. Contemporary visitors to dogs, and reportedly jumped on visiting and the circumstances of her death inform Moscow can see their taxidermied remains dignitaries with impunity. an enduring celebrity and complex memory at the Memorial Museum of Cosmonautics The fate of Lisichka is more poignant. Every- articulated in music, literature, graphic novels underneath the Monument to the Conquerors one who worked with this sweet-natured dog and tribute websites. In the shadows of her of Space. Comparable celebrity followed by adored her. She cooperated with research- fame, a few space dogs enjoyed moments of quiet lives at the institute awaited Chernushka ers and medical personnel, enduring long celebrity, and a few more secured bonds of (Blackie)and Zvezdochka (Little Star), the dogs periods of confinement without complaint, affection with the human forces behind the who tested the Vostok spacecraft that would willingly submitting to painful procedures, biological flight program. But ironically, the make Yuri Gagarin the first man in space in and adapting gracefully to wearing the very characteristics that endeared them to April 1961. elaborate sanitation suit. Even Sergei Korolev, their humans also ensured that their legacies For every famous space dog, there were the Chief Designer, had a tender spot in his would be much more private than that of dozens of others who lived and died beyond heart for Lisichka, whose name means “little Laika. the public gaze. These dogs’ stories are chal- fox.” During a difficult and contentious equip- lenging to reconstruct – a veil of secrecy still ment test before her launch in the Summer of Amy Nelson limits access to key primary materials and con- 1960, the famously gruff Korolev pulled the Virginia Polytechnic Institute & State University fusion abounds where names are concerned. little ginger-colored dog from her ejection [email protected] Viewpoint No. 113 3 Islamic Astronomy from “Star Wars” to Star Tables Glen M. Cooper explores the cosmos as seen by Islamic scholars through history. Astronomy had a long and fruitful life in the and rulers in Islamic world, where ancient Greek astronomy terms of a grand was transformed into a fully institutionalised cosmological endeavour employing a comprehensive and scheme written predictive theory that was consistent with in the stars, physical principles as then understood. which both Astronomy in the ancient world was justified the motivated by different concerns than what current dynasty drives the science today. Its principal aim was and permitted to divine the future from planetary positions, knowledge of which eventually could be calculated using the political past data and theoretical models. Astrologers future. These have been associated with imperial courts interests in since ancient Mesopotamian times. There, in a political and his- kind of ancient “star wars”, they vied with each torical astrology other for the most accurate predictions. Meso- were inherited potamian stargazers accumulated centuries by the Muslim of observational data, and invented math- Abbasid dynasty ematical methods for predicting astrologically (750-1258 CE).
Recommended publications
  • Glossary Glossary
    Glossary Glossary Albedo A measure of an object’s reflectivity. A pure white reflecting surface has an albedo of 1.0 (100%). A pitch-black, nonreflecting surface has an albedo of 0.0. The Moon is a fairly dark object with a combined albedo of 0.07 (reflecting 7% of the sunlight that falls upon it). The albedo range of the lunar maria is between 0.05 and 0.08. The brighter highlands have an albedo range from 0.09 to 0.15. Anorthosite Rocks rich in the mineral feldspar, making up much of the Moon’s bright highland regions. Aperture The diameter of a telescope’s objective lens or primary mirror. Apogee The point in the Moon’s orbit where it is furthest from the Earth. At apogee, the Moon can reach a maximum distance of 406,700 km from the Earth. Apollo The manned lunar program of the United States. Between July 1969 and December 1972, six Apollo missions landed on the Moon, allowing a total of 12 astronauts to explore its surface. Asteroid A minor planet. A large solid body of rock in orbit around the Sun. Banded crater A crater that displays dusky linear tracts on its inner walls and/or floor. 250 Basalt A dark, fine-grained volcanic rock, low in silicon, with a low viscosity. Basaltic material fills many of the Moon’s major basins, especially on the near side. Glossary Basin A very large circular impact structure (usually comprising multiple concentric rings) that usually displays some degree of flooding with lava. The largest and most conspicuous lava- flooded basins on the Moon are found on the near side, and most are filled to their outer edges with mare basalts.
    [Show full text]
  • Special Catalogue Milestones of Lunar Mapping and Photography Four Centuries of Selenography on the Occasion of the 50Th Anniversary of Apollo 11 Moon Landing
    Special Catalogue Milestones of Lunar Mapping and Photography Four Centuries of Selenography On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of Apollo 11 moon landing Please note: A specific item in this catalogue may be sold or is on hold if the provided link to our online inventory (by clicking on the blue-highlighted author name) doesn't work! Milestones of Science Books phone +49 (0) 177 – 2 41 0006 www.milestone-books.de [email protected] Member of ILAB and VDA Catalogue 07-2019 Copyright © 2019 Milestones of Science Books. All rights reserved Page 2 of 71 Authors in Chronological Order Author Year No. Author Year No. BIRT, William 1869 7 SCHEINER, Christoph 1614 72 PROCTOR, Richard 1873 66 WILKINS, John 1640 87 NASMYTH, James 1874 58, 59, 60, 61 SCHYRLEUS DE RHEITA, Anton 1645 77 NEISON, Edmund 1876 62, 63 HEVELIUS, Johannes 1647 29 LOHRMANN, Wilhelm 1878 42, 43, 44 RICCIOLI, Giambattista 1651 67 SCHMIDT, Johann 1878 75 GALILEI, Galileo 1653 22 WEINEK, Ladislaus 1885 84 KIRCHER, Athanasius 1660 31 PRINZ, Wilhelm 1894 65 CHERUBIN D'ORLEANS, Capuchin 1671 8 ELGER, Thomas Gwyn 1895 15 EIMMART, Georg Christoph 1696 14 FAUTH, Philipp 1895 17 KEILL, John 1718 30 KRIEGER, Johann 1898 33 BIANCHINI, Francesco 1728 6 LOEWY, Maurice 1899 39, 40 DOPPELMAYR, Johann Gabriel 1730 11 FRANZ, Julius Heinrich 1901 21 MAUPERTUIS, Pierre Louis 1741 50 PICKERING, William 1904 64 WOLFF, Christian von 1747 88 FAUTH, Philipp 1907 18 CLAIRAUT, Alexis-Claude 1765 9 GOODACRE, Walter 1910 23 MAYER, Johann Tobias 1770 51 KRIEGER, Johann 1912 34 SAVOY, Gaspare 1770 71 LE MORVAN, Charles 1914 37 EULER, Leonhard 1772 16 WEGENER, Alfred 1921 83 MAYER, Johann Tobias 1775 52 GOODACRE, Walter 1931 24 SCHRÖTER, Johann Hieronymus 1791 76 FAUTH, Philipp 1932 19 GRUITHUISEN, Franz von Paula 1825 25 WILKINS, Hugh Percy 1937 86 LOHRMANN, Wilhelm Gotthelf 1824 41 USSR ACADEMY 1959 1 BEER, Wilhelm 1834 4 ARTHUR, David 1960 3 BEER, Wilhelm 1837 5 HACKMAN, Robert 1960 27 MÄDLER, Johann Heinrich 1837 49 KUIPER Gerard P.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 1/4/18 Dr. Stefi Alison Baum Dean, Faculty of Science Professor, Dept
    RESUME – DR. STEFI BAUM, 1/4/18 Dr. Stefi Alison Baum Dean, Faculty of Science Professor, Dept. of Physics and Astronomy University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB, Canada Email [email protected] cell phone 204-297-0698 EDUCATION B.A. Physics, cum laude June 1980 Harvard University, Cambridge, MA Co-Captain Varsity Women’s Lacrosse and Co-Captain Varsity Women’s Soccer PhD Astronomy Dec 1987 University of Maryland, College Park, MD POST-DEGREE EDUCATION Center for Higher Education Research and Development • The Senior University Administrators Course, Niagara-on-the-Lake, 2015 University of Wisconsin-Madison, Fluno Center, Executive Education, 2013 • Fundraising and Development for Nonprofits Harvard University, Graduate School of Education, 2012 • Performance Assessment in Higher Education Peabody Fellow, Vanderbilt Peabody Professional Institute, 2011 • Higher Education Management Pardee RAND Graduate School, 2009, New Security Challenges Harvard-MIT-Tufts Program on Negotiation, Executive Ed Series, 2007 • Program on Negotiation for Senior Executives • Dealing with Difficult People and Difficult Situations American Council on Education, 2005, Chairing the Academic Department MIT-Sloan Executive Series, 2002, 2003, 2005: • System Dynamics for Senior Managers • Managing Technical Professionals and Organizations • The Innovative Organization United States Foreign Service Institute, 2004, Global Issues Coursera Courses Completed - 2013 • Leading Innovative Change in Organizations, Vanderbilt University • Synapses, Neurons and Brains, Hebrew University of Jerusalem • What a Plant Knows, Tel Aviv University, (audit) • Epigenetic Control of Gene Expression, University of Melborne, (audit) • A Brief History of Humankind, Hebrew University (audit) • Surviving Disruptive Technologies, University of Maryland, (audit) 1 EXPERTISE Over 25 years of leadership in highly interdisciplinary research and educational environments, including higher education, not for profits, and government agencies.
    [Show full text]
  • JRASC-2007-04-Hr.Pdf
    Publications and Products of April / avril 2007 Volume/volume 101 Number/numéro 2 [723] The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada Observer’s Calendar — 2007 The award-winning RASC Observer's Calendar is your annual guide Created by the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada and richly illustrated by photographs from leading amateur astronomers, the calendar pages are packed with detailed information including major lunar and planetary conjunctions, The Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada Le Journal de la Société royale d’astronomie du Canada meteor showers, eclipses, lunar phases, and daily Moonrise and Moonset times. Canadian and U.S. holidays are highlighted. Perfect for home, office, or observatory. Individual Order Prices: $16.95 Cdn/ $13.95 US RASC members receive a $3.00 discount Shipping and handling not included. The Beginner’s Observing Guide Extensively revised and now in its fifth edition, The Beginner’s Observing Guide is for a variety of observers, from the beginner with no experience to the intermediate who would appreciate the clear, helpful guidance here available on an expanded variety of topics: constellations, bright stars, the motions of the heavens, lunar features, the aurora, and the zodiacal light. New sections include: lunar and planetary data through 2010, variable-star observing, telescope information, beginning astrophotography, a non-technical glossary of astronomical terms, and directions for building a properly scaled model of the solar system. Written by astronomy author and educator, Leo Enright; 200 pages, 6 colour star maps, 16 photographs, otabinding. Price: $19.95 plus shipping & handling. Skyways: Astronomy Handbook for Teachers Teaching Astronomy? Skyways Makes it Easy! Written by a Canadian for Canadian teachers and astronomy educators, Skyways is Canadian curriculum-specific; pre-tested by Canadian teachers; hands-on; interactive; geared for upper elementary, middle school, and junior-high grades; fun and easy to use; cost-effective.
    [Show full text]
  • Mind, Media, and Techniques of Remediation in America, 1850-1910
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 6-2014 Mind, Media, and Techniques of Remediation in America, 1850-1910 Dominique Zino Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/309 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] MIND, MEDIA, AND TECHNIQUES OF REMEDIATION IN AMERICA, 1850-1910 by DOMINIQUE ZINO A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in English in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2014 © 2014 DOMINIQUE FRANCINE ZINO All rights reserved ii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in English in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Dr. Joan Richardson Da t e Chair of Examining Committee Dr. Mario DiGangi Da t e Executive Officer Dr. Duncan Faherty Dr. Mary Ann Caws Supervisory Committee iii Abstract MIND, MEDIA, AND TECHNIQUES OF REMEDIATION IN AMERICA, 1850-1910 by Dominique Zino Adviser: Professor Joan Richardson This dissertation describes the way a renewed interest in picturesque aesthetics engaged the imaginations of writers, visual artists, philosophers, landscape designers, and collectors during the second half of the nineteenth century, reinvigorating a mode of inquiry that sanctioned the act of composing representations—mental, visual, and verbal—as a suitable response to social, political, and philosophical problems.
    [Show full text]
  • Apollo 12 Photography Index
    %uem%xed_ uo!:q.oe_ s1:s._l"e,d_e_em'I flxos'p_zedns O_q _/ " uo,re_ "O X_ pea-eden{ Z 0 (D I I 696L R_K_D._(I _ m,_ -4 0", _z 0', l',,o ._ rT1 0 X mm9t _ m_o& ]G[GNI XHdV_OOZOHd Z L 0T'I0_V 0 0 11_IdVdONI_OM T_OINHDZZ L6L_-6 GYM J_OV}KJ_IO0VSVN 0 C O_i_lOd-VJD_IfO1_d 0 _ •'_ i wO _U -4 -_" _ 0 _4 _O-69-gM& "oN GSVH/O_q / .-, Z9946T-_D-VSVN FOREWORD This working paper presents the screening results of Apollo 12, 70mmand 16mmphotography. Photographic frame descriptions, along with ground coverage footprints of the Apollo 12 Mission are inaluded within, by Appendix. This report was prepared by Lockheed Electronics Company,Houston Aerospace Systems Division, under Contract NAS9-5191 in response to Job Order 62-094 Action Document094.24-10, "Apollo 12 Screening IndeX', issued by the Mapping Sciences Laboratory, MannedSpacecraft Center, Houston, Texas. Acknowledgement is made to those membersof the Mapping Sciences Department, Image Analysis Section, who contributed to the results of this documentation. Messrs. H. Almond, G. Baron, F. Beatty, W. Daley, J. Disler, C. Dole, I. Duggan, D. Hixon, T. Johnson, A. Kryszewski, R. Pinter, F. Solomon, and S. Topiwalla. Acknowledgementis also made to R. Kassey and E. Mager of Raytheon Antometric Company ! I ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Forward ii I. Introduction I II. Procedures 1 III. Discussion 2 IV. Conclusions 3 V. Recommendations 3 VI. Appendix - Magazine Summary and Index 70mm Magazine Q II II R ii It S II II T II I! U II t! V tl It .X ,, ,, y II tl Z I! If EE S0-158 Experiment AA, BB, CC, & DD 16mm Magazines A through P VII.
    [Show full text]
  • Glossary of Lunar Terminology
    Glossary of Lunar Terminology albedo A measure of the reflectivity of the Moon's gabbro A coarse crystalline rock, often found in the visible surface. The Moon's albedo averages 0.07, which lunar highlands, containing plagioclase and pyroxene. means that its surface reflects, on average, 7% of the Anorthositic gabbros contain 65-78% calcium feldspar. light falling on it. gardening The process by which the Moon's surface is anorthosite A coarse-grained rock, largely composed of mixed with deeper layers, mainly as a result of meteor­ calcium feldspar, common on the Moon. itic bombardment. basalt A type of fine-grained volcanic rock containing ghost crater (ruined crater) The faint outline that remains the minerals pyroxene and plagioclase (calcium of a lunar crater that has been largely erased by some feldspar). Mare basalts are rich in iron and titanium, later action, usually lava flooding. while highland basalts are high in aluminum. glacis A gently sloping bank; an old term for the outer breccia A rock composed of a matrix oflarger, angular slope of a crater's walls. stony fragments and a finer, binding component. graben A sunken area between faults. caldera A type of volcanic crater formed primarily by a highlands The Moon's lighter-colored regions, which sinking of its floor rather than by the ejection of lava. are higher than their surroundings and thus not central peak A mountainous landform at or near the covered by dark lavas. Most highland features are the center of certain lunar craters, possibly formed by an rims or central peaks of impact sites.
    [Show full text]
  • Hamill Surface-Matters-Erin-Shirreff
    The photo is an alternative subject, another layer that creates distance. And distance creates an oppor- tunity to view the work more slowly and to explore your relationship to it. I treat the photograph as an object, an object to scan. —Vija Celmins How is a photograph a surface for sculpture––a skin that shifts, occludes, or even constitutes sculptural matter, shaping our experience of an object? This is the central question that animates the videos of Erin Shirref, Sarah Hamill a sculptor who is part of a larger group of artists who have mined photography’s mediation of objects and sites in recent Surface Matters: years. The burgeoning list includes Thomas Demand, Peter Fischli and David Weiss, Rachel Harrison, Gabriel Orozco, Erin Shirref’s Videos and the Hirsch Perlman, and Paul Sietsema. The durational quali- Photography of Sculpture ties of Shiref’s video, however, set her works apart––they metaphorize an expansive process of sculptural viewing in a succession of frames. In her silent, looped videos, the unmoving camera is often trained on a single photograph. The stillness of the vantage point gives way to movement the artist fabricates by hand on the surface of the image. Changes in lighting, almost imperceptible, stage a temporal experience of looking. These hybrid works, which move among video, photography, and sculpture, take place at the juncture of a new phase in the history of mass reproduction. They raise questions about what a sculpture is, and how it should be encountered in this age of digital dissemination: How does
    [Show full text]
  • What's Hot on the Moon Tonight?: the Ultimate Guide to Lunar Observing
    What’s Hot on the Moon Tonight: The Ultimate Guide to Lunar Observing Copyright © 2015 Andrew Planck All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any written, electronic, recording, or photocopying without written permission of the publisher or author. The exception would be in the case of brief quotations embodied in the critical articles or reviews and pages where permission is specifically granted by the publisher or author. Although every precaution has been taken to verify the accuracy of the information contained herein, the publisher and author assume no responsibility for any errors or omissions. No liability is assumed for damages that may result from the use of information contained within. Books may be purchased by contacting the publisher or author through the website below: AndrewPlanck.com Cover and Interior Design: Nick Zelinger (NZ Graphics) Publisher: MoonScape Publishing, LLC Editor: John Maling (Editing By John) Manuscript Consultant: Judith Briles (The Book Shepherd) ISBN: 978-0-9908769-0-8 Library of Congress Catalog Number: 2014918951 1) Science 2) Astronomy 3) Moon Dedicated to my wife, Susan and to my two daughters, Sarah and Stefanie Contents Foreword Acknowledgments How to Use this Guide Map of Major Seas Nightly Guide to Lunar Features DAYS 1 & 2 (T=79°-68° E) DAY 3 (T=59° E) Day 4 (T=45° E) Day 5 (T=24° E.) Day 6 (T=10° E) Day 7 (T=0°) Day 8 (T=12° W) Day 9 (T=21° W) Day 10 (T= 28° W) Day 11 (T=39° W) Day 12 (T=54° W) Day 13 (T=67° W) Day 14 (T=81° W) Day 15 and beyond Day 16 (T=72°) Day 17 (T=60°) FINAL THOUGHTS GLOSSARY Appendix A: Historical Notes Appendix B: Pronunciation Guide About the Author Foreword Andrew Planck first came to my attention when he submitted to Lunar Photo of the Day an image of the lunar crater Pitatus and a photo of a pie he had made.
    [Show full text]
  • High-Sensitivity Radio Astronomy
    High-Sensitivity Radio Astronomy Proceedings of a meeting held at Jodrell Bank, University of Manchester January 22-26, 1996 Edited by N. Jackson R. J. Davis Jodrell Bank, Nuffield Radio Astronomy Laboratories, University of Manchester CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents Participants xi Preface xv Foreword xvii Acknowledgements xviii Planets, stars and pulsars Longitudinal asymmetry of Jupiter's radiation belts after the encounter with comet D/Shoemaker-Levy 9 Richard Strom, Imke de Pater and Floris van der Tak 2 Pulsars at the highest radio frequencies Richard Wielebinski 6 Present and future pulsar searches F. Camilo 14 The study of stellar radio emission with very large aperture radio telescopes E.R. Seaquist 23 High-resolution. MERLIN maps of the radio emission from Nova Cygni 1992 and Nova Cassiopeiae 1993 Stewart Eyres, Richard Davis, Mike Bode and Huw Lloyd 33 Orbital motion and a model for HM Sge H.T. Kenny, A.R. Taylor, S. Kwok, S.P.S. Eyres and R.J. Davis 37 Variable sources and jets in Cepheus A V.A. Hughes 42 A radio survey of southern X-ray binary stars R.E. Spencer, A.K. Tzioumis, L.R. Ball, 5.J. Newell and V. Migenes 46 MERLIN astrometry of radio stars S.T. Garrington, R.J. Davis, L.V. Morrison and R.W. Argyle 50 High-sensitivity radio observations of the 8.665-GHz 3He+ hyperfme line emission from planetary nebulae D.S. Balser, T.M. Bania, R.T. Rood and T.L. Wilson 53 High-resolution observations of young planetary nebulae M. Bryce, A. Pedlar, T. Muxlow, P.
    [Show full text]
  • Jjmonl 1309.Pmd
    alactic Observer GJohn J. McCarthy Observatory Volume 6, No. 9 September 2013 Like a hummingbird circling a wilted sunflower,this image would seem to suggest a casual autumn encounter. But at a cosmic scale, it represents a collision between a star forming galaxy (NGC 2936) and NGC 2937, an older, spent elliptical galaxy. Gravitational tides are twisting and distorting the arms of the younger partner as it navigates the forces in its way. Bluish streaks are areas of star formation, pierced by veins of red dust drawn from the galactic interior. The pair are collectively known as ARP 142, for their entry in The Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, produced by Halton Arp. Image Credit: NASA/ESA/ The John J. McCarthy Observatory Galactic Observer New Milford High School Editorial Committee 388 Danbury Road Managing Editor New Milford, CT 06776 Bill Cloutier Phone/Voice: (860) 210-4117 Production & Design Phone/Fax: (860) 354-1595 www.mccarthyobservatory.org Allan Ostergren Website Development JJMO Staff Marc Polansky It is through their efforts that the McCarthy Observatory Technical Support has established itself as a significant educational and Bob Lambert recreational resource within the western Connecticut Dr. Parker Moreland community. Steve Barone Jim Johnstone Colin Campbell Bob Lambert Dennis Cartolano Roger Moore Mike Chiarella Parker Moreland, PhD Route Jeff Chodak Allan Ostergren Bill Cloutier Marc Polansky Cecilia Dietrich Joe Privitera Dirk Feather Monty Robson Randy Fender Don Ross Randy Finden Gene Schilling John Gebauer Katie Shusdock Elaine Green Jon Wallace Tina Hartzell Paul Woodell Tom Heydenburg Amy Ziffer JJMO'S NEW "ALL SKY" CAMERA .............................. 3 AURORA AND THE EQUINOXES .....................................
    [Show full text]
  • Abulfeda (62 Km) Is a Normal Impact Crater
    Abulfeda (62 km) is a normal impact crater. Interesting is the crater chain Catena Abulfeda of approximately 210 kilometer length which is tangential to the southern crater wall. Most crater chains can be assigned to a big impact (eg Vallis Rheita), this does not apply to the Catena Abulfeda. In both directions there are no big impacts. Most likely the crater chain can be traced back to the broken nucleus of a comet. This is similar to the comet Shoemaker-Levy, whose fragments crashed into the atmosphere of Jupiter during the summer of 1994. Daguerre (45 km) is an almost entirely lava flooded crater with strange concentric ridge remnants and dark pyroclastic ash deposits. Maybe Daguerre and the complete region is of volcanic origin. Descartes (28 km) is a highland region and was the landing site of Apollo 16. It is a very hilly area and even for upland regions of the moon it is an unusual structure. NASA expected to find rock samples of volcanic origin in this area but most of the material which was brought to the ground were "normal" ejection rocks. Fracastorius (130 km) is a complex crater which is strongly tilted to the center of the Nectaris basin. The northern crater rim and the crater floor are completely flooded by the lava of the Nectaris basin. After the lava cooled off and the Nectaris lava shield further subsided a thin fracture zone formed which crossed Fracastorius. The smaller crater Beaumont is also tilted towards the Nectaris basin but doesn’t show any fraction zones. Plinius (43 km) is a very young crater complex with terraced walls and central mountains.
    [Show full text]