Date of Document: September 27, 2021
CURRICULUM VITAE
David F. Stowe MD, PhD
Professor Department of Anesthesiology Division of Clinical
OFFICE ADDRESS: Medical Education Building 8701 Watertown Plank Rd Milwaukee, WI 53226
EDUCATION: 09/1963 - 06/1966 Indiana University (Zoology), Bloomington, IN 07/1966 - 09/1966 Goethe Language Insitute (German), Staufen, West Germany 09/1966 - 08/1967 Free University of Berlin (Zweites Zoologisches Instituet-Reciprocal Exchange Scholar), Berlin, West Germany 09/1967 - 01/1968 B.A., Indiana University (Zoology), Bloomington, IN 01/1968 - 06/1969 M.A., Indiana University (Cell Biology), Bloomington, IN 03/1970 - 08/1971 West Michigan University (Biology), Kalamazoo, MI 09/1971 - 08/1974 Ph.D., Michigan State University (Physiology), East Lansing, MI 09/1978 - 12/1983 M.D., The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
FACULTY APPOINTMENTS: 07/1994 - Present Professor, Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin 07/1994 - Present Professor, Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Medical College of Wisconsin 11/1998 - Present Professor, Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin 07/2016 - Present Professor, Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Wisconsin
HOSPITAL STAFF PRIVILEGES: 07/1991 - Present Senior Staff, Anesthesiology, Medical College of Wisconsin Affiliated Hospitals, Milwaukee, WI
SPECIALTY BOARDS AND CERTIFICATION:
Licensure Number Issue Date Expiration Medical Licensure 27092 07/1985 None Wisconsin
MEMBERSHIPS IN HONORARY AND PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES: 1976 - Present American Association for the Advancement of Science 1978 - Present Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 1978 - Present American Physiological Society 1979 - Present Sigma Xi - Marquette Chapter 1979 - Present American Heart Association - Council on Circulation 1981 - Present Cardiovascular Section, American Physiological Society 1982 - Present Cardiac Mechanics Section, American Physiological Society 1985 - Present Wisconsin Society of Anesthesiologists 1985 - Present The American Society of Anesthesiologists 1985 - Present International Research Anesthesiology Society
1 / 33 1987 - Present Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists 1991 - Present Association of University Anesthesiologists 1998 - Present Biophysical Society
EDITORSHIPS/EDITORIAL BOARDS/JOURNAL REVIEWS: Editorial Board 2010 - Present Frontiers in Mitochondrial Physiology Journal Review 1992 - Present Anesthesiology 1993 - Present Anesthesia and Analgesia 1994 - Present Cardiovascular Research 1995 - Present American Journal of Physiology Heart, Circ Physiol 2005 - Present American Journal of Physiology Cell Physiology 2013 - Present Redox Report Ad-Hoc Reviewer 1984 - Present American Journal of Applied Physiology 1984 - Present Obstetrics and Gynecology 1984 - Present New York State Journal of Medicine 1984 - Present Basic Research in Cardiology 1984 - Present Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
NATIONAL ELECTED/APPOINTED LEADERSHIP AND COMMITTEE POSITIONS: 2016 - 2019 Merit Grant Review Panel CARA, Veterans' Administration 2018 - 2019 R43/44 SBIR Grant Review Panel Member, National Institutes of Health 2020 - Present R01, R21 MIM Grant Review Panel Member, National Institutes of Health
RESEARCH GRANTS/AWARDS/CONTRACTS/PROJECTS:
Active Peer Review Title: Transformation of Mitochondrial VDAC1 between Protective and Lethal States Source: 1R01 HL131673-01A1 Role: Consultant PI: A.K.S. Camara, W.M. Kwok Dates: 2017 - 2020 Direct Funds: $451,786 (Funding per calendar year)
Title: Diversity summer health research education program Source: NIH 5T35 HL072483-34 Role: Faculty mentor Dates: 2019 - Present
Title: Differential cardioprotection by mitochondria Ca2+ sensitive potassium channels. Source: VA Merit Grant Role: Principal Investigator PI: DF Stowe Dates: 2020 - 2016 Direct Funds: $650,000
Pending Peer Review
2 / 33 Title: Parenteral and oral 14,15-EET mimetics for non-opioid initiated suppression of pain pathways”. Assigned to NIDA, SPS (Somatosensory and Pain Systems) study section. Source: NIH NIDA Role: Co-PI PI: DF Stowe, WB Campbell Dates: 2020 - 2025 Direct Funds: $2,500,000
INVITED LECTURES/WORKSHOPS/PRESENTATIONS: National Prevention of mitochondrial pH gradient dissipation: a novel role for cyclosporin A on inhibiting calcium- hydrogen exchange activity in cardiac isolated mitochondria., Society for Experimental Biology, Annual Meeting, Orlando, FL, 04/2019
COMMITTEE SERVICE: Medical College of Wisconsin 2011 - Present Member, Honors in Research Committee, Office of Research, Medical College of Wisconsin
BIBLIOGRAPHY Refereed Journal Publications/Original Papers 1. Rhodes SS, Camara AK, Aldakkak M, Heisner JS, Stowe DF. Stretch-induced increase in cardiac contractility is independent of myocyte Ca2+ while block of stretch channels by streptomycin improves contractility after ischemic stunning. Physiol Rep. 2015 Aug;3(8). PMCID: PMC4562572 2. Rhodes SS, Camara AK, Aldakkak M, Heisner JS, Stowe DF. Stretch-induced increase in cardiac contractility is independent of myocyte Ca2+ while block of stretch channels by streptomycin improves contractility after ischemic stunning. Physiol Rep. 2015 Aug;3(8). PMCID: PMC4562572 3. Lindsay DP, Camara AK, Stowe DF, Lubbe R, Aldakkak M. Differential effects of buffer pH on Ca(2+)-induced ROS emission with inhibited mitochondrial complexes I and III. Front Physiol. 2015;6:58. PMCID: PMC4354303 4. Yang M, Stowe DF, Udoh KB, Heisner JS, Camara AK. Reversible blockade of complex I or inhibition of PKC? reduces activation and mitochondria translocation of p66Shc to preserve cardiac function after ischemia. PLoS One. 2014;9(12):e113534. PMCID: PMC4250075 5. Agarwal B, Stowe DF, Dash RK, Bosnjak ZJ, Camara AK. Mitochondrial targets for volatile anesthetics against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Front Physiol. 2014;5:341. PMCID: PMC4165278 6. Abdoli A, Dulikravich GS, Bajaj C, Stowe DF, Jahania MS. Human heart conjugate cooling simulation: unsteady thermo-fluid-stress analysis. Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng. 2014 Nov;30(11):1372-86. PMCID: PMC4351112 7. Tewari SG, Camara AK, Stowe DF, Dash RK. Computational analysis of Ca2+ dynamics in isolated cardiac mitochondria predicts two distinct modes of Ca2+ uptake. J Physiol. 2014 May 01;592(9):1917-30. PMCID: PMC4230769 8. Aldakkak M, Stowe DF, Camara AK. Safety and Efficacy of Ranolazine for the Treatment of Chronic Angina Pectoris. Clin Med Insights Ther. 2013 Jan 15;2013(5):1-14. PMCID: PMC3932785 9. Nabbi R, Gadicherla AK, Kersten JR, Stowe DF, Lazar J, Riess ML. Genetically determined mitochondrial preservation and cardioprotection against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in a consomic rat model. Physiol Genomics. 2014 Mar 01;46(5):169-76. PMCID: PMC3949105 10. Agarwal B, Dash RK, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Camara AK. Isoflurane modulates cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics by selectively attenuating respiratory complexes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Mar;1837(3):354-65. PMCID: PMC4084852 11. Boelens AD, Pradhan RK, Blomeyer CA, Camara AK, Dash RK, Stowe DF. Extra-matrix Mg2+ limits Ca2+
3 / 33 uptake and modulates Ca2+ uptake-independent respiration and redox state in cardiac isolated mitochondria. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2013 Jun;45(3):203-18. PMCID: PMC3670670 12. Blomeyer CA, Bazil JN, Stowe DF, Pradhan RK, Dash RK, Camara AK. Dynamic buffering of mitochondrial Ca2+ during Ca2+ uptake and Na+-induced Ca2+ release. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2013 Jun;45(3):189-202. PMCID: PMC4065551 13. Aldakkak M, Stowe DF, Dash RK, Camara AK. Mitochondrial handling of excess Ca2+ is substrate- dependent with implications for reactive oxygen species generation. Free Radic Biol Med. 2013 Mar;56:193-203. PMCID: PMC3542420 14. Stowe DF, Gadicherla AK, Zhou Y, Aldakkak M, Cheng Q, Kwok WM, Jiang MT, Heisner JS, Yang M, Camara AK. Protection against cardiac injury by small Ca(2+)-sensitive K(+) channels identified in guinea pig cardiac inner mitochondrial membrane. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Feb;1828(2):427-42. PMCID: PMC3534888 15. Stowe DF, Yang M, Heisner JS, Camara AKS. Endogenous and Agonist-induced Opening of Mitochondrial Big Versus Small Ca2+-sensitive K+ Channels on Cardiac Cell and Mitochondrial Protection. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2017 Nov;70(5):314-328. PMCID: PMC5726766 16. Yang M, Camara AKS, Aldakkak M, Kwok WM, Stowe DF. Identity and function of a cardiac mitochondrial small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel splice variant. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg. 2017 Jun;1858(6):442-458. PMCID: PMC5749404 17. Heerdt PM, Stowe DF. Single-lung ventilation and oxidative stress: a different perspective on a common practice. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2017 Feb;30(1):42-49. 18. Blomeyer CA, Bazil JN, Stowe DF, Dash RK, Camara AK. Mg(2+) differentially regulates two modes of mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake in isolated cardiac mitochondria: implications for mitochondrial Ca(2+) sequestration. J Bioenerg Biomembr. 2016 06;48(3):175-88. PMCID: PMC5098337 19. Haumann J, Camara AKS, Gadicherla AK, Navarro CD, Boelens AD, Blomeyer CA, Dash RK, Boswell MR, Kwok WM, Stowe DF. Slow Ca2+ Efflux by Ca2+/H+ Exchange in Cardiac Mitochondria Is Modulated by Ca2+ Re-uptake via MCU, Extra- Mitochondrial pH, and H+ Pumping by FOF1-ATPase. Front Physiol. 2018;9:1914. PMCID: PMC6378946 20. Yang M, Xu Y, Heisner JS, Sun J, Stowe DF, Kwok WM, Camara AKS. Peroxynitrite nitrates adenine nucleotide translocase and voltage-dependent anion channel 1 and alters their interactions and association with hexokinase II in mitochondria. Mitochondrion. 2019 05;46:380-392. PMCID: PMC6487210 21. Robert A, Stowe DF, Nezamis JE. Prevention of duodenal ulcers by administration of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ). Scand J Gastroenterol. 1971;6(4):303-5. 22. Nezamis JE, Robert A, Stowe DF. Inhibition by prostaglandin E 1 of gastric secretion in the dog. J Physiol. 1971 Oct;218(2):369-83. PMCID: PMC1331801 23. Robert A, Stowe DF, Nezamis JE. Possible relationship between smoking and peptic ulcer. Nature. 1971 Oct 15;233(5320):497-8. 24. Robert A, Nezamis JE, Dale JE, Stowe DF. Role of gastric acid in the development of duodenal ulcers in the rat. Digestion. 1972;6(1):34-45. 25. Stowe DF, Owen TL, Anderson DK, Haddy FJ, Scott JB. Interaction of O2 and CO2 in sustained exercise hyperemia of canine skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol. 1975 Jul;229(1):28-33. 26. Wilkinson PL, Stowe DF, Tyberg JV, Parmley WW. Pressure and flow changes during Valsalva-like maneuvers in dogs following volume infusion. Am J Physiol. 1977 Jul;233(1):H93-9. 27. Glantz SA, Misbach GA, Moores WY, Mathey DG, Lekven J, Stowe DF, Parmley WW, Tyberg JV. The pericardium substantially affects the left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relationship in the dog. Circ Res. 1978 Mar;42(3):433-41. 28. Stowe DF, Mathey DG, Moores WY, Glantz SA, Townsend RM, Kabra P, Chatterjee K, Parmley WW, Tyberg JV. Segment stroke work and metabolism depend on coronary blood flow in the pig. Am J Physiol. 1978 May;234(5):H597-607. 29. Kalbfleisch JH, Stowe DF, Smith JJ. Evaluation of the heart rate response to the Valsalva maneuver. Am Heart J. 1978 Jun;95(6):707-15. 30. Lekven J, Chatterjee K, Tyberg JV, Stowe DF, Mathey DG, Parmley WW. Pronounced dependence of ventricular endocardial QRS potentials on ventricular volume. Br Heart J. 1978 Aug;40(8):891-901. PMCID: PMC483504 31. Wilkinson PL, Stowe DF, Glantz SA, Tyberg JV. Heart rate-systemic blood pressure relationship in dogs during halothane anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1980 Jun;24(3):181-6.
4 / 33 32. Stowe DF. Vasodilator responses to moderate hypoxia after submaximal adenosine injection or coronary occlusion in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. Circ Res. 1980 Sep;47(3):392-9. 33. Stowe DF. Heart bioassay of effluent of isolated, perfused guinea pig hearts to examine the role of metabolites regulating coronary flow during hypoxia. Basic Res Cardiol. 1981 Jul-Aug;76(4):359-64. 34. Ebert TJ, Stowe DF, Barney JA, Kalbfleisch JH, Smith JJ. Summated circulatory responses of thermal and baroreflexes in humans. J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1982 Jan;52(1):184-9. 35. Stowe DF. Control of coronary flow by local factors during hypoxia with and without a fall in O2 consumption. Blood Vessels. 1982;19(3):148-64. 36. Beranek AE, Stowe DF. Adenosine potentiates coronary flow and inhibits oxygen consumption during isoprenaline infusion in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. Cardiovasc Res. 1983 Jun;17(6):353-62. 37. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Halothane diminishes changes in cardiac fiber action potential duration induced by hypocarbia and hypercarbia. Anesthesiology. 1984 Sep;61(3):245-53. 38. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Effects of hypoxia on adult and neonatal pacemaker rates. Obstet Gynecol. 1985 Nov;66(5):649-56. 39. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Cardiac cell action potential duration is dependent upon induced changes in free Ca2+ activity during pH changes in vitro. J Electrocardiol. 1986 Apr;19(2):143-54. 40. Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF, Kampine JP. Comparison of lidocaine and bupivacaine depression of sinoatrial nodal activity during hypoxia and acidosis in adult and neonatal guinea pigs. Anesth Analg. 1986 Sep;65(9):911-7. 41. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Marijic J, Kampine JP. Effects of halothane with and without histamine and/or epinephrine on automaticity, intracardiac conduction times, and development of dysrhythmias in the isolated guinea pig heart. Anesthesiology. 1988 May;68(5):695-706. 42. Stowe DF, Dujic Z, Bosnjak ZJ, Kalbfleisch JH, Kampine JP. Volatile anesthetics attenuate sympathomimetic actions on the guinea pig SA node. Anesthesiology. 1988 Jun;68(6):887-94. 43. Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF, Kampine JP. Effects and interaction of verapamil and volatile anesthetics on the isolated perfused guinea pig heart. Anesthesiology. 1988 Dec;69(6):914-22. 44. Bernstein JS, Ebert TJ, Stowe DF, Schmeling WT, Nelson MA, Woods MP. Partial attenuation of hemodynamic responses to rapid sequence induction and intubation with labetalol. J Clin Anesth. 1989;1(6):444-51. 45. Stowe DF, Bernstein JS, Madsen KE, McDonald DJ, Ebert TJ. Autonomic hyperreflexia in spinal cord injured patients during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Anesth Analg. 1989 Jun;68(6):788-91. 46. Ebert TJ, Bernstein JS, Stowe DF, Roerig D, Kampine JP. Attenuation of hemodynamic responses to rapid sequence induction and intubation in healthy patients with a single bolus of esmolol. J Clin Anesth. 1990 Jul-Aug;2(4):243-52. 47. Madsen KE, Stowe DF, McDonald DJ, Ebert TJ, Kampine JP. A comparison of epidural narcotics, with and without a test dose, to epidural lidocaine for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Reg Anesth. 1990 Nov-Dec;15(6):288-94. 48. Marijic J, Stowe DF, Turner LA, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Differential protective effects of halothane and isoflurane against hypoxic and reoxygenation injury in the isolated guinea pig heart. Anesthesiology. 1990 Nov;73(5):976-83. 49. Stowe DF, Monroe SM, Marijic J, Rooney RT, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Effects of nitrous oxide on contractile function and metabolism of the isolated heart. Anesthesiology. 1990 Dec;73(6):1220-6. 50. Gallenberg LA, Stowe DF, Marijic J, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Depression of atrial rate, atrioventricular nodal conduction, and cardiac contraction by diltiazem and volatile anesthetics in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology. 1991 Mar;74(3):519-30. 51. Rooney RT, Stowe DF, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Amrinone reverses cardiac depression and augments coronary vasodilation with isoflurane in the isolated heart. Anesthesiology. 1991 Mar;74(3):559-67. 52. Rooney RT, Stowe DF, Marijic J, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Additive depressant effects of amiodarone given with halothane in isolated hearts. Anesth Analg. 1991 Apr;72(4):474-81. 53. Bosnjak ZJ, Marijic J, Roerig DL, Stowe DF, Murthy VS, Kampine JP. Chronic verapamil treatment depresses automaticity and contractility in isolated cardiac tissues. Anesth Analg. 1991 Apr;72(4):462-8. 54. Marijic J, Buljubasic N, Stowe DF, Turner LA, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Opposing effects of diacetyl monoxime on contractility and calcium transients in isolated myocardium. Am J Physiol. 1991 Apr;260(4 Pt 2):H1153-9. 55. Stowe DF, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Direct comparative effects of halothane, enflurane, and
5 / 33 isoflurane on oxygen supply and demand in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology. 1991 Jun;74(6):1087-95. 56. Buljubasic N, Marijic J, Stowe DF, Gross GJ, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Comparative cardiac effects of KT-362 and verapamil in isolated heart--correlation to calcium channel current depression. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1991 Oct;18(4):594-604. 57. Stowe DF, Monroe SM, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Comparison of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane with nitrous oxide on contractility and oxygen supply and demand in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology. 1991 Dec;75(6):1062-74. 58. Buljubasic N, Marijic J, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Halothane reduces dysrhythmias and improves contractile function after global hypoperfusion in isolated hearts. Anesth Analg. 1992 Mar;74(3):384-94. 59. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Comparison of etomidate, ketamine, midazolam, propofol, and thiopental on function and metabolism of isolated hearts. Anesth Analg. 1992 Apr;74(4):547-58. 60. Boban M, Stowe DF, Buljubasic N, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Direct comparative effects of isoflurane and desflurane in isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesthesiology. 1992 May;76(5):775-80. 61. Buljubasic N, Stowe DF, Marijic J, Roerig DL, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Halothane reduces release of adenosine, inosine, and lactate with ischemia and reperfusion in isolated hearts. Anesth Analg. 1993 Jan;76(1):54-62. 62. Boban M, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Goldberg AH, Bosnjak ZJ. Effects of 2,3-butanedione monoxime in isolated hearts: protection during reperfusion after global ischemia. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1993 Mar;105(3):532-40. 63. Stowe DF, Boban M, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Reperfusion with adenosine and nitroprusside improves preservation of isolated guinea pig hearts after 22 hours of cold perfusion with 2,3 butanedione monoxime. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1993 Apr;21(4):578-86. 64. Boban M, Stowe DF, Gross GJ, Pieper GM, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Potassium channel openers attenuate atrioventricular block by bupivacaine in isolated hearts. Anesth Analg. 1993 Jun;76(6):1259-65. 65. Gallenberg LA, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Effects of nifedipine with isoflurane, halothane, or enflurane on automaticity, conduction, and contractility in isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesthesiology. 1993 Jun;78(6):1112-9; discussion 23A-24A. 66. Stowe DF. Excitation-contraction uncoupling and vasodilators for long-term cold preservation of isolated hearts. Adv Pharmacol. 1994;31:39-61. 67. Stowe DF, Boban M, Graf BM, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Contraction uncoupling with butanedione monoxime versus low calcium or high potassium solutions on flow and contractile function of isolated hearts after prolonged hypothermic perfusion. Circulation. 1994 May;89(5):2412-20. 68. Stowe DF, Sprung J, Turner LA, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Differential effects of halothane and isoflurane on contractile force and calcium transients in cardiac Purkinje fibers. Anesthesiology. 1994 Jun;80(6):1360-8. 69. Graf BM, Boban M, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Lack of stereospecific effects of isoflurane and desflurane isomers in isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesthesiology. 1994 Jul;81(1):129-36. 70. Sprung J, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. Hypothermia modifies anesthetic effect on contractile force and Ca2+ transients in cardiac Purkinje fibers. Am J Physiol. 1994 Aug;267(2 Pt 2):H725-33. 71. Palmisano BW, Mehner RW, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Direct myocardial effects of halothane and isoflurane. Comparison between adult and infant rabbits. Anesthesiology. 1994 Sep;81(3):718-29. 72. Rooney RT, Marijic J, Stommel KA, Bosnjak ZJ, Aggarwal A, Kampine JP, Stowe DF. Additive cardiac depression by volatile anesthetics in isolated hearts after chronic amiodarone treatment. Anesth Analg. 1995 May;80(5):917-24. 73. Habazettl H, Palmisano BW, Bosnjak ZJ, Graf BM, Stowe DF. Isotonic versus hypertonic initial hyperkalemic reperfusion after cardioplegic arrest in isolated hearts. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1995 Jun;43(3):123-8. 74. Graf BM, Vicenzi MN, Martin E, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. Ketamine has stereospecific effects in the isolated perfused guinea pig heart. Anesthesiology. 1995 Jun;82(6):1426-37; discussion 25A. 75. Palmisano BW, Mehner RW, Baker JE, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP. Direct effects of halothane and isoflurane in infant rabbit hearts with right ventricular hypertrophy secondary to chronic hypoxemia. Anesth Analg. 1995 Jun;80(6):1122-8. 76. Graf BM, Vicenzi MN, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. The comparative effects of equimolar sevoflurane and isoflurane in isolated hearts. Anesth Analg. 1995 Nov;81(5):1026-32. 77. Stowe DF, Habazettl H, Graf BM, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ. One-day hypothermic preservation of isolated hearts with halothane improves cardiac function better than low calcium. Anesthesiology. 1995
6 / 33 Nov;83(5):1065-77. 78. Habazettl H, Palmisano BW, Graf BM, Roerig DL, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. Improvement in functional recovery of the isolated guinea pig heart after hyperkalemic reperfusion with adenosine. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1996 Jan;111(1):74-84. 79. Stowe DF, Ebert TJ. Neural and endothelial control of the peripheral circulation--implications for anesthesia: Part II, Endothelium-mediated effects in the normal and diseased circulation. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1996 Jan;10(1):159-71. 80. Ebert TJ, Stowe DF. Neural and endothelial control of the peripheral circulation--implications for anesthesia: Part I. Neural control of the peripheral vasculature. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 1996 Jan;10(1):147-58. 81. Habazettl H, Palmisano BW, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. Initial reperfusion with 2,3 butanedione monoxime is better than hyperkalemic reperfusion after cardioplegic arrest in isolated guinea pig hearts. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 1996;10(10):897-904. 82. Stowe DF, Graf BM, Fujita S, Gross GJ. One-day cold perfusion of bimakalim and butanedione monoxime restores ex situ cardiac function. Am J Physiol. 1996 Nov;271(5 Pt 2):H1884-92. 83. Graf BM, Fischer B, Martin E, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. Differential effects of arginine vasopressin on isolated guinea pig heart function during perfusion at constant flow and constant pressure. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1997 Jan;29(1):1-7. 84. Graf BM, Martin E, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. Stereospecific effect of bupivacaine isomers on atrioventricular conduction in the isolated perfused guinea pig heart. Anesthesiology. 1997 Feb;86(2):410-9. 85. Graf BM, Fischer B, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Martin EO. Synthetic 8-ornithine-vasopressin, a clinically used vasoconstrictor, causes cardiac effects mainly via changes in coronary flow. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1997 Mar;41(3):414-21. 86. Stowe DF, Boban M, Roerig DL, Chang D, Palmisano BW, Bosnjak ZJ. Effects of L-arginine and N omega- nitro-L-arginine methyl ester on cardiac perfusion and function after 1-day cold preservation of isolated hearts. Circulation. 1997 Mar 18;95(6):1623-34. 87. Stowe DF, O'Brien WC, Chang D, Knop CS, Kampine JP. Reversal of endothelin-induced vasoconstriction by endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilators in isolated hearts and vascular rings. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1997 Jun;29(6):747-54. 88. Stowe DF, Fujita S, Bosnjak ZJ. Improved contractility and coronary flow in isolated hearts after 1-day hypothermic preservation with isoflurane is not dependent on K(ATP) channel activation. Anesthesiology. 1998 Jan;88(1):233-44. 89. Lathrop DA, Contney SJ, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. Reversal of hypothermia-induced action potential lengthening by the KATP channel agonist bimakalim in isolated guinea pig ventricular muscle. Gen Pharmacol. 1998 Jul;31(1):125-31. 90. Fujita S, Roerig DL, Chung WW, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. Volatile anesthetics do not alter bradykinin- induced release of nitric oxide or L-citrulline in crystalloid perfused guinea pig hearts. Anesthesiology. 1998 Aug;89(2):421-33. 91. Fujita S, Roerig DL, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. Effects of vasodilators and perfusion pressure on coronary flow and simultaneous release of nitric oxide from guinea pig isolated hearts. Cardiovasc Res. 1998 Jun;38(3):655-67. 92. Novalija E, Stowe DF. Prior preconditioning by ischemia or sevoflurane improves cardiac work per oxygen use in isolated guinea pig hearts after global ischemia. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1998;454:533-42. 93. Novalija E, Fujita S, Kampine JP, Stowe DF. Sevoflurane mimics ischemic preconditioning effects on coronary flow and nitric oxide release in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology. 1999 Sep;91(3):701-12. 94. Mchaourab A, Sarantopoulos C, Stowe DF. Airway obstruction due to late-onset angioneurotic edema from angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. Can J Anaesth. 1999 Oct;46(10):975-8. 95. Stowe DF. Understanding the temporal relationship of ATP loss, calcium loading, and rigor contracture during anoxia, and hypercontracture after anoxia in cardiac myocytes. Cardiovasc Res. 1999 Aug 01;43(2):285-7. 96. Stowe DF, Fujita S, An J, Paulsen RA, Varadarajan SG, Smart SC. Modulation of myocardial function and [Ca2+] sensitivity by moderate hypothermia in guinea pig isolated hearts. Am J Physiol. 1999 12;277(6):H2321-32. 97. Sarantopoulos CD, Bratanow NC, Stowe DF, Kampine JP. Uneventful propofol anesthesia in a patient with coexisting hereditary coproporphyria and hereditary angioneurotic edema. Anesthesiology. 2000 Feb;92(2):607-9. 98. Stowe DF, Rehmert GC, Kwok WM, Weigt HU, Georgieff M, Bosnjak ZJ. Xenon does not alter cardiac
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8 / 33 by a redox dependent mechanism. Anesthesiology. 2003 May;98(5):1155-63. 118. Camara AK, An J, Chen Q, Novalija E, Varadarajan SG, Schelling P, Stowe DF. Na+/H+ exchange inhibition with cardioplegia reduces cytosolic [Ca2+] and myocardial damage after cold ischemia. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2003 May;41(5):686-98. 119. Novalija E, Kevin LG, Camara AK, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP, Stowe DF. Reactive oxygen species precede the epsilon isoform of protein kinase C in the anesthetic preconditioning signaling cascade. Anesthesiology. 2003 Aug;99(2):421-8. 120. Kevin LG, Katz P, Camara AK, Novalija E, Riess ML, Stowe DF. Anesthetic preconditioning: effects on latency to ischemic injury in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology. 2003 Aug;99(2):385-91. 121. Rhodes SS, Ropella KM, Camara AK, Chen Q, Riess ML, Stowe DF. How inotropic drugs alter dynamic and static indices of cyclic myoplasmic [Ca2+] to contractility relationships in intact hearts. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2003 Oct;42(4):539-53. 122. Chen Q, Camara AK, Rhodes SS, Riess ML, Novalija E, Stowe DF. Cardiotonic drugs differentially alter cytosolic [Ca2+] to left ventricular relationships before and after ischemia in isolated guinea pig hearts. Cardiovasc Res. 2003 Oct 01;59(4):912-25. 123. Novalija E, Hogg N, Kevin LG, Camara AK, Stowe DF. Ischemic preconditioning: triggering role of nitric oxide-derived oxidants in isolated hearts. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2003 Nov;42(5):593-600. 124. Camara AK, Riess ML, Kevin LG, Novalija E, Stowe DF. Hypothermia augments reactive oxygen species detected in the guinea pig isolated perfused heart. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004 Apr;286(4):H1289-99. 125. An J, Camara AK, Chen Q, Stowe DF. Effect of low [CaCl2] and high [MgCl2] cardioplegia and moderate hypothermic ischemia on myoplasmic [Ca2+] and cardiac function in intact hearts. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2003 Dec;24(6):974-85. 126. Riess ML, Camara AK, Kevin LG, An J, Stowe DF. Reduced reactive O2 species formation and preserved mitochondrial NADH and [Ca2+] levels during short-term 17 degrees C ischemia in intact hearts. Cardiovasc Res. 2004 Feb 15;61(3):580-90. 127. Stowe DF, Kevin LG. Cardiac preconditioning by volatile anesthetic agents: a defining role for altered mitochondrial bioenergetics. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2004 Apr;6(2):439-48. 128. Camara AK, Chen Q, An J, Novalija E, Riess ML, Rhodes SS, Stowe DF. Comparison of hyperkalemic cardioplegia with altered [CaCl2] and [MgCl2] on [Ca2+]i transients and function after warm global ischemia in isolated hearts. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 2004 Feb;45(1):1-13. 129. Camara AK, Chen Q, Rhodes SS, Riess ML, Stowe DF. Negative inotropic drugs alter indexes of cytosolic [Ca(2+)]-left ventricular pressure relationships after ischemia. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004 Aug;287(2):H667-80. 130. Riess ML, Stowe DF, Warltier DC. Cardiac pharmacological preconditioning with volatile anesthetics: from bench to bedside? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2004 May;286(5):H1603-7. 131. Riess ML, Eells JT, Kevin LG, Camara AK, Henry MM, Stowe DF. Attenuation of mitochondrial respiration by sevoflurane in isolated cardiac mitochondria is mediated in part by reactive oxygen species. Anesthesiology. 2004 Mar;100(3):498-505. 132. Riess ML, Kevin LG, Camara AK, Heisner JS, Stowe DF. Dual exposure to sevoflurane improves anesthetic preconditioning in intact hearts. Anesthesiology. 2004 Mar;100(3):569-74. 133. Stowe DF, Riess ML. Reactive oxygen species and cardiac preconditioning: many questions remain. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2004 Mar;18(2):87-90. 134. Riess ML, Kevin LG, McCormick J, Jiang MT, Rhodes SS, Stowe DF. Anesthetic preconditioning: the role of free radicals in sevoflurane-induced attenuation of mitochondrial electron transport in Guinea pig isolated hearts. Anesth Analg. 2005 Jan;100(1):46-53. 135. An J, Camara AK, Rhodes SS, Riess ML, Stowe DF. Warm ischemic preconditioning improves mitochondrial redox balance during and after mild hypothermic ischemia in guinea pig isolated hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005 Jun;288(6):H2620-7. 136. De Hert SG, Turani F, Mathur S, Stowe DF. Cardioprotection with volatile anesthetics: mechanisms and clinical implications. Anesth Analg. 2005 Jun;100(6):1584-1593. 137. An J, Camara AK, Riess ML, Rhodes SS, Varadarajan SG, Stowe DF. Improved mitochondrial bioenergetics by anesthetic preconditioning during and after 2 hours of 27 degrees C ischemia in isolated hearts. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2005 Sep;46(3):280-7. 138. Stowe DF, Aldakkak M, Camara AK, Riess ML, Heinen A, Varadarajan SG, Jiang MT. Cardiac mitochondrial preconditioning by Big Ca2+-sensitive K+ channel opening requires superoxide radical generation. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 Jan;290(1):H434-40.
9 / 33 139. Kevin LG, Novalija E, Stowe DF. Reactive oxygen species as mediators of cardiac injury and protection: the relevance to anesthesia practice. Anesth Analg. 2005 Nov;101(5):1275-1287. 140. Rhodes SS, Ropella KM, Camara AK, Chen Q, Riess ML, Pagel PS, Stowe DF. Ischemia-reperfusion injury changes the dynamics of Ca2+-contraction coupling due to inotropic drugs in isolated hearts. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2006 Mar;100(3):940-50. 141. Riess ML, Camara AKS, Rhodes SS, McCormick J, Jiang MT, Stowe DF. Increasing heart size and age attenuate anesthetic preconditioning in guinea pig isolated hearts. Anesth Analg. 2005 Dec;101(6):1572-1576. 142. Jiang MT, Ljubkovic M, Nakae Y, Shi Y, Kwok WM, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ. Characterization of human cardiac mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel and its regulation by phorbol ester in vitro. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 May;290(5):H1770-6. 143. Rhodes SS, Camara AK, Ropella KM, Audi SH, Riess ML, Pagel PS, Stowe DF. Ischemia reperfusion dysfunction changes model-estimated kinetics of myofilament interaction due to inotropic drugs in isolated hearts. Biomed Eng Online. 2006 Mar 02;5:16. PMCID: PMC1431537 144. Zausig YA, Stowe DF, Zink W, Grube C, Martin E, Graf BM. A comparison of three phosphodiesterase type III inhibitors on mechanical and metabolic function in guinea pig isolated hearts. Anesth Analg. 2006 Jun;102(6):1646-52. 145. Heinen A, Camara AK, Aldakkak M, Rhodes SS, Riess ML, Stowe DF. Mitochondrial Ca2+-induced K+ influx increases respiration and enhances ROS production while maintaining membrane potential. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Jan;292(1):C148-56. 146. An J, Rhodes SS, Jiang MT, Bosnjak ZJ, Tian M, Stowe DF. Anesthetic preconditioning enhances Ca2+ handling and mechanical and metabolic function elicited by Na+-Ca2+ exchange inhibition in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology. 2006 Sep;105(3):541-9. 147. Chen Q, Camara AK, Stowe DF, Hoppel CL, Lesnefsky EJ. Modulation of electron transport protects cardiac mitochondria and decreases myocardial injury during ischemia and reperfusion. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Jan;292(1):C137-47. 148. Camara AK, Aldakkak M, Heisner JS, Rhodes SS, Riess ML, An J, Heinen A, Stowe DF. ROS scavenging before 27 degrees C ischemia protects hearts and reduces mitochondrial ROS, Ca2+ overload, and changes in redox state. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):C2021-31. 149. Huang M, Camara AK, Stowe DF, Qi F, Beard DA. Mitochondrial inner membrane electrophysiology assessed by rhodamine-123 transport and fluorescence. Ann Biomed Eng. 2007 Jul;35(7):1276-85. PMCID: PMC3508792 150. Stowe DF, Camara AK, Heisner JS, Aldakkak M, Harder DR. Ten-hour preservation of guinea pig isolated hearts perfused at low flow with air-saturated Lifor solution at 26{degrees}C: comparison to ViaSpan solution. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Jul;293(1):H895-901. 151. Riess ML, Stowe DF. beta-Blockade abolishes anesthetic preconditioning: impact on clinical applicability. Anesthesiology. 2007 May;106(5):1061-2; author reply 1062. 152. Heinen A, Aldakkak M, Stowe DF, Rhodes SS, Riess ML, Varadarajan SG, Camara AK. Reverse electron flow-induced ROS production is attenuated by activation of mitochondrial Ca2+-sensitive K+ channels. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Sep;293(3):H1400-7. 153. Jiang MT, Nakae Y, Ljubkovic M, Kwok WM, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ. Isoflurane activates human cardiac mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate-sensitive K+ channels reconstituted in lipid bilayers. Anesth Analg. 2007 Oct;105(4):926-32, table of contents. 154. Aldakkak M, Stowe DF, Chen Q, Lesnefsky EJ, Camara AK. Inhibited mitochondrial respiration by amobarbital during cardiac ischaemia improves redox state and reduces matrix Ca2+ overload and ROS release. Cardiovasc Res. 2008 Jan 15;77(2):406-15. 155. Riess ML, Costa AD, Carlson R Jr, Garlid KD, Heinen A, Stowe DF. Differential increase of mitochondrial matrix volume by sevoflurane in isolated cardiac mitochondria. Anesth Analg. 2008 Apr;106(4):1049-55, table of contents. 156. Riess ML, Camara AK, Heinen A, Eells JT, Henry MM, Stowe DF. KATP channel openers have opposite effects on mitochondrial respiration under different energetic conditions. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2008 May;51(5):483-91. PMCID: PMC3010203 157. Stowe DF, Camara AK, Heisner JS, Aldakkak M, Harder DR. Low-flow perfusion of guinea pig isolated hearts with 26 degrees C air-saturated Lifor solution for 20 hours preserves function and metabolism. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2008 Sep;27(9):1008-15. PMCID: PMC2720038 158. Aldakkak M, Stowe DF, Heisner JS, Spence M, Camara AK. Enhanced Na+/H+ exchange during ischemia and reperfusion impairs mitochondrial bioenergetics and myocardial function. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol.
10 / 33 2008 Sep;52(3):236-44. PMCID: PMC2659015 159. Stowe DF, Camara AK. Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in excitable cells: modulators of mitochondrial and cell function. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2009 Jun;11(6):1373-414. PMCID: PMC2842133 160. Aldakkak M, Stowe DF, Lesnefsky EJ, Heisner JS, Chen Q, Camara AK. Modulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics in the isolated Guinea pig beating heart by potassium and lidocaine cardioplegia: implications for cardioprotection. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;54(4):298-309. PMCID: PMC2774837 161. Riess ML, Rhodes SS, Stowe DF, Aldakkak M, Camara AK. Comparison of cumulative planimetry versus manual dissection to assess experimental infarct size in isolated hearts. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods. 2009 Nov-Dec;60(3):275-80. PMCID: PMC3786703 162. Camara AK, Lesnefsky EJ, Stowe DF. Potential therapeutic benefits of strategies directed to mitochondria. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2010 Aug 01;13(3):279-347. PMCID: PMC2936955 163. Aldakkak M, Stowe DF, Cheng Q, Kwok WM, Camara AK. Mitochondrial matrix K+ flux independent of large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel opening. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2010 Mar;298(3):C530-41. PMCID: PMC2838564 164. Haumann J, Dash RK, Stowe DF, Boelens AD, Beard DA, Camara AK. Mitochondrial free [Ca2+] increases during ATP/ADP antiport and ADP phosphorylation: exploration of mechanisms. Biophys J. 2010 Aug 09;99(4):997-1006. PMCID: PMC2920628 165. Aldakkak M, Stowe DF, Heisner JS, Riess ML, Camara AK. Adding ROS quenchers to cold K+ cardioplegia reduces superoxide emission during 2-hour global cold cardiac ischemia. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Mar;17(1):93-101. PMCID: PMC3226871 166. Camara AK, Bienengraeber M, Stowe DF. Mitochondrial approaches to protect against cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury. Front Physiol. 2011;2:13. PMCID: PMC3082167 167. Aldakkak M, Camara AK, Heisner JS, Yang M, Stowe DF. Ranolazine reduces Ca2+ overload and oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial integrity to protect against ischemia reperfusion injury in isolated hearts. Pharmacol Res. 2011 Oct;64(4):381-92. PMCID: PMC3233383 168. Rhodes SS, Camara AK, Heisner JS, Riess ML, Aldakkak M, Stowe DF. Reduced mitochondrial Ca2+ loading and improved functional recovery after ischemia-reperfusion injury in old vs. young guinea pig hearts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2012 Feb 01;302(3):H855-63. PMCID: PMC3353793 169. Agarwal B, Camara AK, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Dash RK. Enhanced charge-independent mitochondrial free Ca(2+) and attenuated ADP-induced NADH oxidation by isoflurane: Implications for cardioprotection. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Mar;1817(3):453-65. PMCID: PMC3269543 170. Gadicherla AK, Stowe DF, Antholine WE, Yang M, Camara AK. Damage to mitochondrial complex I during cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury is reduced indirectly by anti-anginal drug ranolazine. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Mar;1817(3):419-29. PMCID: PMC3269517 171. Yang M, Camara AK, Wakim BT, Zhou Y, Gadicherla AK, Kwok WM, Stowe DF. Tyrosine nitration of voltage-dependent anion channels in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion: reduction by peroxynitrite scavenging. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2012 Nov;1817(11):2049-59. PMCID: PMC3985433 172. Mishra J, Davani AJ, Natarajan GK, Kwok WM, Stowe DF, Camara AKS. Cyclosporin A Increases Mitochondrial Buffering of Calcium: An Additional Mechanism in Delaying Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening. Cells. 2019 09 07;8(9). PMCID: PMC6770067 173. Camara AKS, Stowe DF, O-Uchi J, Bazil JN. Editorial: Genetic Modification of Cardiac Tissue. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2019;6:93. PMCID: PMC6646414 174. Pagel PS, Kampine JP, Stowe DF. Cardiac anatomy and physiology Clinical Anesthesia: Seventh Edition. 1 March 2013. 175. Camara AKS, Stowe DF. Reactive oxygen species and cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. 1 May 2012:889-949. 176. Camara AKS, Aldakkak M, Stowe DF. Mitochondria as potential therapeutic targets in mitochondria- related diseases Mitochondria: Structure, Functions and Dysfunctions. 2011:471-551. 177. Haumann J, Dash RK, Stowe DF, Boelens AD, Beard DA, Camara AKS. Erratum: Mitochondrial free [Ca2+ ] increases during ATP/ADP antiport and ADP phosphorylation: Exploration of mechanisms (Biophysical Journal (2010) 99 (997-1006)) Biophysical Journal. 15 December 2010;99(12):4078. 178. Stowe DF. Cardiovascular pharmacology Foundations of Anesthesia. 2006:499-509. 179. Abdoli A, Dulikravich GS, Bajaj C, Stowe DF, Jahania MS. Multi-disciplinary analysis of cooling protocols for human heart destined for transplantation International Conference on Computational Methods for
11 / 33 Thermal Problems. 2014(116318):159-162. 180. Abdoli A, Dulikravich GS, Bajaj CL, Stowe DF, Jahania SM. Human heart preservation analyses using convective cooling International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat and Fluid Flow. 3 August 2015;25(6):1426-1443. 181. Rhodes SS, Audi S, Stowe DF, Camara AK, Kevin L, Ropella K. Modeling the cyclic relationship between myoplasmic [Ca2+] and isovolumic LVP in guinea-pig intact hearts Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology - Proceedings. 2002;1:252-253. 182. Stowe F, Novalija E. Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibition enhances vasorelaxation caused by nitroprusside in guinea pig intact heart and isolated aorta. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2000 Aug;36(2):162-8. 183. An JZ, Varadarajan S, Stowe DF, Smart SC. Contractile dysfunction during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion is marked by increased noncytosolic - mitochondrial- free [Ca 2+ ] in isolated intact hearts FASEB Journal. 20 March 1998;12(5). 184. Stowe DF, Varadarajan S, Novalija E. Time and extent of diastolic contracture during global ischemia predicts return of contractility on reperfusion in isolated hearts FASEB Journal. 20 March 1998;12(5). 185. Ansley DM, Xia Z. Anesthetic preconditioning versus anesthetic treatment: effects on ischemic injury in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology. 2004 May;100(5):1327-8; author reply 1328. 186. Schroth S, Reyle-Hahn M, Rossaint R. In vitro model for cardiac function under Xenon anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 2000 Oct;93(4):1158-9. 187. Varadarajan S, An JZ, Novalija E, Smart SC, Stowe DF. Mitochondrial -non-cytosolic- [Ca 2+ ] is not altered by external calcium before or after ischemia but remains markedly elevated on reperfusion in isolated hearts FASEB Journal. 20 March 1998;12(5). 188. Novalija E, An JZ, Stowe DF. Preconditioning by brief ischemia or sevoflurane protects against diastolic contracture during global ischemia and improves contractility on reperfusion in isolated hearts FASEB Journal. 20 March 1998;12(5). 189. Stowe DF, Fujita S, Smart SC. Ca2+ agonist BAY K 8644 and SR Ca2+ -ATPase blocker thapsigargin differentially alter myoplasmic Ca2+]i and Ca2+ sensitivity in the intact heart FASEB Journal. 1997;11(3). 190. Heisner JS, Fujita S, Smart SC, Stowe DF. Milrinone and levosimendan differentially alter systolic and diastolic myoplasmic free [Ca2+]
12 / 33 204. Stowe DF, Owen TL, Anderson DK. Role of pO
Books, Chapters, and Reviews 1. Stowe DF: Chapter 31: Excitation--contraction uncoupling and vasodilators for long-term cold preservation of isolated hearts in Advances in Pharmacology 1994; pp. 39-61. Edited by Bosnjak ZJ. [Book Chapter] 2. Stowe DF. Serotonin -agonists, antagonists, and reuptake inhibitors. in: Essence of Anesthesia Practice. 1st ed. 1997; pp. 544. Edited by Roizen MF, Fleisher LA. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA. [Book Chapter] 3. Novalija E, Stowe DF: Prior preconditioning by ischemia or sevoflurane improves cardiac work per oxygen use in isolated guinea pig hearts after global ischemia in Oxygen Transport to Tissue XX. Chapter 64; pp. 533-542. Edited by Hudetz and Bruley, Plenum Press, New York, 1998. [Book Chapter] 4. Stowe DF. Serotonin -agonists, antagonists, and reuptake inhibitors. in: Essence of Anesthesia Practice. 2nd ed. 2002; pp. 561. Edited by Roizen MF, Fleisher LA. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA. [Book Chapter] 5. Stowe DF: Chapter 41: Cardiovascular Pharmacology in Foundations of Anesthesia: Basic Sciences for Clinical Practice. 2nd ed. 2006; pp. 499-509. Edited by Hemmings HC Jr, Hopkins PM, Mosby- Elsevier Limited. [Book Chapter] 6. Stowe DF, Camara AKS, Heisner JS, Aldakkak M, Harder, DR: 20 h Preservation of Guinea Pig Isolated Hearts Perfused at Low Flow with Air -saturated Lifor Solution at 26?C in Recent Advances in Cardiovascular Disease - Proceedings of the 13th World Congress on Heart Disease. 2008; pp. 445-450. Edited by Kimchi A, Medimond International Proc, Bologna. [Book Chapter] 7. Kampine JP, Stowe DF, Pagel PS: Chapter 10: Heart and Peripheral Circulation in Clinical Anesthesia. 6th ed. 2009; pp. 207-232. Edited by Barash P, Cullen B, Stoelting R, Cahalan M, Stock C., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. [Unabridged Book Chapter] 8. Kampine JP, Stowe DF, Pagel PS: Chapter 10: Heart and Peripheral Circulation in Handbook of Clinical Anesthesia. 6th ed. 2009; pp. 94-111. Edited by Barash P, Cullen B, Stoelting R, Cahalan M, Stock C., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. [Abridged Book Chapter] 9. Stowe DF. Serotonin -agonists, antagonists, and reuptake inhibitors. in: Essence of Anesthesia Practice. 3nd ed. 2010; p. 641. Edited by Roizen MF, Fleisher LA. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA. [Book Chapter] 10. Stowe DF, Ebert TE: Chapter 40: Essential Drugs in Anesthetic Practice: Sympathomimetic and Sympatholytic Drugs in Anesthetic Pharmacology, Physiologic Principles and Clinical Practice. 2nd ed. 2011. pp. 648-665. Edited by Evers A, Maze M, Kharasch E, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. [Book Chapter] 11. Camara AKS, Aldakkak M, Stowe DF. "Mitochondria as potential therapeutic targets in mitochondrial- related diseases". in Mitochondria: Structure, Function, and Dysfunction. 2011. pp. 471-552. Edited by Svensson OL, Cell Biology Research Progress Series, Nova Science Publishers [Book Chapter] 12. Pagel PS, Kampine JP, Stowe DF: Chapter 10: Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology in Clinical Anesthesia. 7th ed. 2013; pp. 239-262. Edited by Barash P, Cullen B, Stoelting R, Cahalan M, Stock C, Ortega R. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. [Unabridged Book Chapter] 13. Pagel PS, Kampine JP, Stowe DF: Chapter 10: Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology in Handbook of Clinical
13 / 33 Anesthesia. 7th ed. 2013; pp. 99-111. Edited by Barash P, Cullen B, Stoelting R, Cahalan M, Stock C, Ortega R. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. [Abridged Book Chapter] 14. Camara AKS, Stowe DF: Chapter 75: Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Cardiac Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Systems Biology of Free Radicals and Antioxidants. 2014; pp. 889-949. Edited by Laher I. Springer-Verlag, Berlin [Book Chapter]. 15. Pagel PS, Stowe DF: Chapter 12. Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology in Clinical Anesthesia. 8th ed. 2017; pp 277-300. Edited by Barash P, Cullen B, Stoelting R, Cahalan M, Stock C, Ortega R. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia. [Unabridged Book Chapter] 16. Stowe DF. Serotonin -agonists, antagonists, and reuptake inhibitors. in: Essence of Anesthesia Practice. 4thd ed. 2018; p. 498. Edited by Roizen MF, Fleisher LA. Saunders, Philadelphia, PA.; 600 pages [Book Chapter] 17. Ebert, TJ, Stowe DF: Peripheral Circulation: Recent insights on autonomic control and endothelial factors relevant to cardiovascular disease and anesthesia. Current Opinions in Anesthesiology 4:3-11, 1991. [Review] 18. Ebert TE, Stowe DF: Neural and endothelial control of the peripheral circulation: Implications for anesthesia: Part I: Neural control the peripheral vasculature. J Cardiovasc Anesthesiol 10:147-158, 1996. [Review] 19. Stowe DF, Ebert TE: Neural and endothelial control of the peripheral circulation: Implications for anesthesia: Part II. Endothelium mediated effects in the normal and diseased circulation. J Cardiovasc Anesthesiol 10:159-171, 1996. [Review] 20. Stowe DF, Kevin LG: Cardiac preconditioning by volatile anesthetic agents: A defining role for altered mitochondrial bioenergetics. Antiox Redox Signal 6:439-448, 2004. [Review] 21. Riess ML, Stowe DF, Warltier DC: Cardiac pharmacologic preconditioning: from bench to bedside? Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 286:H1603-07, 2004. [Review] 22. deHert S, Turani F, Mathur S, Stowe DF: Cardioprotection with volatile anesthetics -mechanism and clinical implications. Anesth Analg 100:1584-93, 2005. [Review] 23. Kevin LG, Novalija E, Stowe DF: Reactive oxygen species as mediators of cardiac injury and protection: relevance to anesthesia. Anesth Analg 101:1275-1287, 2005. [Review] 24. Chen Q, Camara AKS, Stowe DF, Hoppel CL, Lesnefsky EJ: Modulation of electron transport protects cardiac mitochondria and decreases myocardial injury during ischemia and reperfusion. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 292:C137-47, 2007. [Review] 25. Stowe DF, Camara AKS: Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in excitable cells: Modulators of mitochondrial and cell function. Antioxid Redox Signal 11:1373-1414, 2009. PMCID: PMC2842133 [Comprehensive Invited Review] 26. Camara AKS, Lesnefsky EJ, Stowe DF: Potential therapeutic benefits of strategies directed to mitochondria Antioxid Redox Signal 13:279-347, 2010. PMCID: PMC2936955 [Comprehensive Invited Review] 27. Camara AKS, Bienengraeber M, Stowe DF: Mitochondrial approaches to protect against cardiac ischemia and reperfusion injury. Front Physiol 2: 13, 2011. PMCID: PMC3082167 [Comprehensive Review] 28. Camara AKS, Aldakkak M, Bienengraeber M, Stowe DF: Cardioprotection by pre- and post-conditioning: implications for the role of mitochondria. Acta Anesth Croatica 8:7-18, 2011. [Review] 29. Agarwal B, Stowe DF, Dash, RK, Bosnjak ZJ, Camara AKS: Mitochondrial targets for volatile anesthetics against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion. Front Mitochondrial Physiol 5:341;1-17, 2014. [Comprehensive Review] 30. Aldakkak M, Stowe DF, Camara AKS: Safety and efficacy of ranolazine for the treatment of chronic angina pectoris. Clin Med Insights: Therapeutics 5:1-14, 2012. [Clinical Review] 31. Munim M, Iqbal Z, Stowe DF. Risks of methadone use as substitute therapy for opioid addiction during pregnancy and use of clonidine as a plausible alternative. J Addiction Med Therap Sci 2:0-5, 2016 [short review]. 32. Heerdt PM, Stowe DF. Single-lung ventilation and oxidative stress: a different perspective on a common practice. Curr Opin Anesthesiol 30:42-49, 2017.
Abstracts 1. Robert A, Nezamis JE, Stowe DF: Production of duodenal ulcers by administration of hydrochloric acid. Gastroenterology 60:709, 1971. 2. Robert A, Nezamis JE, Stowe DF: Antisecretory and antiulcer property of sodium bicarbonate given parenterally. Fed Proc 31:507, 1972. 3. Stowe DF, Owen TL, Chen WT, Anderson DK, Scott JB: Effects of O2 and CO2 changes on the vasoactivity of effluent blood from exercising skeletal muscle. Fed Proc 32:436, 1973.
14 / 33 4. Stowe DF, Sullivan TE, Dabney JM, Scott JB, Haddy FJ: Role of ATP in coronary flow regulation in the isolated perfused guinea pig heart. Physiologist 17:339, 1974. 5. Stowe DF, Owen TL, Anderson DK, Haddy FJ, Scott JB: Role of PO2 and pH in steady state exercise hyperemia. Fed Proc 33:357:1974. 6. Stowe DF: Role of metabolically linked chemicals in local regulation of blood flow: Interaction of oxygen and carbon dioxide in sustained exercise hyperemia of the canine gracilis muscle (Ph.D. Thesis, University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan), 1974. 7. Wilkinson PL, Stowe DF, Tyberg JV, Parmley WW: Effects of blood volume changes on responses to valsalva-like maneuvers in dogs. Physiologist 18:450, 1974. 8. Chatterjee K, Tyberg J, Stowe D, Ratshin R, Moores W, Ostlund J, Parmley W: The use of ventricular endocardial QRS amplitude as a new technique for monitoring changes in left ventricular volumes. Circulation 52, (Suppl. II): II-168, 1975. 9. Wilkinson PL, Stowe DF, Tyberg JV: The effects of halothane in pressure reflex responses in dogs. Fed Proc 35:447, 1976. 10. Stowe DF, Tyberg JV, Mathey DG, Moores WY, Townsend RM, Kabra P, Chatterjee K, Parmley WW: Regional myocardial ischemia in the pig: A model for mechanisms and metabolism. Physiologist 19:381, 1976. 11. Tyberg JV, Mathey DG, Stowe DF, Chatterjee K, Parmley WW: Hemodynamic effects of contrast medium: Resultant of phasic changes in loading and contractility. Circulation 54, (Suppl. II): II-155, 1976. 12. Tyberg JV, Mathey DG, Stowe DF, Moores WY, Townsend RM, Kabra P, Chatterjee K, Parmley WW: Tight coupling between segment stroke work, coronary blood flow and energy metabolism during graded myocardial ischemia. Clin Res 25:95A, 1977. 13. Levken J, Tyberg JV, Stowe D, Mathey D, Chatterjee K, Parmley WW: Marked dependence of the endocardial QRS amplitude in ventricular volume. Fed Proc 36:550, 1977. 14. Kalbfleisch JH, Stowe DF, Kotrly KJ, Smith JJ: Assessment of normal and detection of abnormal heart rate responses to the valsalva maneuver. Physiologist 20:49, 1977. 15. Wilkinson PL, Stowe DF, Tyberg JV: Halothane and baroreflexes: Effect on double product. Clin Res 25:96A, 1977. 16. Ebert TJ, Reinke JA, Kalbfleisch JH, Stowe DF, Smith JJ: Local cold and graded lower body negative pressure elicit additive circulatory effects in man. Fed Proc 37:653, 1978. 17. Stowe DF and Cumming KM: Effect of graded hypoxia on vasodilation produced by adenosine and occlusion in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. Fed Proc 38:905, 1979. 18. Porth CJ, Reinke JA, Stowe DF, Bamrah VS, Tristani FE, Leibsohn JA, Smith JJ: Analysis of direct blood pressure and heart rate responses to the valsalva maneuver in coronary heart disease patients. Fed Proc 38:1320, 1979. 19. Ebert TJ, Reinke JA, Hughes CV, Stowe DF, Smith JJ: Age related changes in cardiovascular responses to lower body negative pressure and hand cooling in man Fed Proc 38:1134, 1979. 20. Stowe DF, Beranek AE: Lack of vasodilation in bioassay hearts perfused with reoxygenated effluent of donor guinea pig hearts during hypoxia and after occlusion. Fed Proc 39:398, 1980. 21. Ebert TJ, Janik GM, Reinke JA, Stowe DF, Hughes CV, Smith JJ: Aging may alter peripheral venous compliance and significantly influence preload tests in man Fed Proc 39:271, 1980. 22. Porth CJ, Bamrah VS, Tristani FE, Kotrly KJ, Stowe DF, Smith JJ: Stroke volume and blood pressure changes in coronary heart disease patients during graded valsalva. Fed Proc 39:1169, 1980. 23. Stowe DF: Coronary bioassay of vasodilator factors in effluent of isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. Proc Intern Union Physiol Sci 14:720, 1980. 24. Kotrly KJ, Porth CJ, Stowe DF, Smith JJ: Blood pressure and stroke volume measurements during seated and supine graded valsalva strain in older men. Proc Inter Union Physiol Sci 14:524, 1980. 25. Stowe DF: Heart bioassay of effluent of isolated, perfused guinea pig hearts to differentiate the role of metabolites regulating coronary flow during hypoxia. Proc Intern Symp on Coronary Circulation, Bad. Nauheim, West Germany, July 5-7, 1980. 26. Stowe DF, Beranek AE: Adenosine reduces work and O2 consumption in isolated hearts stimulated with isoproterenol. Physiologist 24:82, 1981. 27. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Effects of pH on cardiac muscle action potentials and Ca ion activity in HCO3- buffered suffusate. Fed Proc 41:1381, 1982. 28. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Effect of pH on myocardial cell action potential changes induced by halothane. Physiologist 25:198, 1982. 29. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Effects of hypoxia and hypercapnia on cardiac pacemaker activity of
15 / 33 adult and neonatal guinea pigs. Fed Proc 43:811, 1984. 30. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine: Effect of epinephrine, acidosis and glucose lack on pacemaker activity of paired adult and neonatal SA nodes during hypoxia. Fed Proc 44:468, 1985. 31. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Comparison of pacemaker rates in adult and neonatal guinea pig hearts exposed to hypoxia, epinephrine, acidosis and glucose lack. Anesthesiology 63:A83, 1985. 32. Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF, Kampine JP: Lidocaine and bupivacaine depression of adult and neonatal SA nodal activity during hypoxia and acidosis in guinea pigs. Anesthesiology 63:A445, 1985. 33. Marijic J, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Halothane alters automaticity and antidromic and dysrhythmic effects of histamine in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. Fed Proc 46:1303, 1987. 34. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Marijic J, Kampine, JP: Comparative effects of halothane with histamine on contractibility sinus rate, intracardiac conduction times and development of dysrhythmias in isolated guinea pig hearts. Soc Cardiovas Anesth. 9:A69, 1987. 35. Stowe DF, France EK, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Histamine alters chronotropic, inotropic, dromotropic and dysrhythmic changes caused by epinephrine and halothane in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. Fed Proc 46:1439, 1987. 36. Bosnjak ZJ, Marijic J, Stowe DF, Kampine JP: Verapamil accentuates the effects of enflurane more than isoflurane or halothane on A-V conduction time and incidence of complete A-V block in the isolated guinea pig heart. Anesthesiology 67:A61, 1987. 37. Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF, Kampine JP: Cocaine depresses automaticity, conduction and contractility in isolated guinea pig hearts but potentiates the stimulatory effects of norepinephrine. Physiologist 30:130, 1987. 38. Gallenberg LA, Marijic J and Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF, Kampine JP: Comparison of volatile anesthetics and diltiazem on slowing heart rate and AV conduction and on causing AV block in the isolated guinea pig heart. FASEB J 2:A601, 1988. 39. Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Gallenberg LA, Stowe DF, Kampine JP: Differential effects of volatile anesthetics and calcium entry blockers on AV conduction and incidence of AV block in the isolated guinea pig heart. Soc Cardiovas Anesth 10: A85, 1988. 40. Madsen K, Ebert TJ, McDonald D, Eichner S, Stowe DF: Comparison of epidural lidocaine and epidural narcotics for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Anesthesiology 69:A403, 1988. 41. Stowe DF, Bernstein JS, Madsen KE, McDonald DJ, Ebert TJ: Autonomic hyperreflexia in spinal cord injured patients with spinal anesthesia during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Anesth Analg 68:S281, 1989. 42. Bernstein JS, Ebert EJ, Stowe DF, Roerig DL and Skillman C: Single intravenous bolus esmolol prior to rapid sequence induction blunts the intubation response. Anesth Analg 68:S24, 1989. 43. Stowe DF, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Rooney, Monroe S, Kampine JP: Lack of direct effects of nitrous oxide in the isolated heart. FASEB J 3:A1020, 1989. 44. Stowe DF, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Monroe S, Rooney R, Kampine JP: Changes in coronary flow, O2 delivery and O2 consumption with isoflurane during high and low arterial O2 availability in the isolated perfused heart. Soc Cardiovas Anesth 11:A159, 1989. 45. Rooney R, Marijic J, Stowe DF, Aggarwal A, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Depression of the isolated heart by amiodarone and halothane is additive. Anesthesiology 71:A287, 1989. 46. Stowe DF, Monroe S, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Differential effects of halothane and isoflurane on O2 supply and demand in isolated perfused hearts. Anesthesiology 71:A1155, 1989. 47. Stowe DF, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Monroe S, Kampine JP: Direct effects of nitrous oxide in the isolated heart. Anesthesiology 71:A503, 1989. 48. Stowe DF, Gaultier J, Roerig D, Kampine JP: Curare causes direct cardiac release of histamine and adenosine. Physiologist 32:185, 1989. 49. Stowe DF, Rooney R, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Amrinone reverses cardiac depression and augments vasodilation with isoflurane in isolated guinea pig hearts. Soc Cardiovas Anesth 12:A32 1990. 50. Stowe DF, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: N2O and halothane reduce contractility and O2 requirement in the isolated guinea pig heart. Soc Cardiovas Anesth 12:A60, 1990. 51. Buljubasic N, Marijic J, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Halothane on cardiac function and dysrhythmias during reperfusion in the isolated guinea pig heart. Soc Cardiovas Anesth 12:A51, 1990. 52. Stowe DF, Gallenberg LA, Marijic J, Buljubasic N, Kampine JP,Bosnjak ZJ: Additive effects of diltiazem and enflurane on AV conduction delay, AV refractoriness and ventricular rate during AV block in isolated guinea pig hearts. FASEB J 4: A559 1990.
16 / 33 53. Buljubasic N, Marijic J, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Gross GJ and Bosnjak ZJ: Comparative cardiac effects of KT-362 and verapamil in isolated guinea pig hearts. FASEB J 4: A869 1990. 54. Marijic J, Buljubasic N, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Cardiac effects of diacetyl monoxime: A correlation with calcium transients. FASEB J 4:A560 1990. 55. Bosnjak ZJ, Buljubasic N, Marijic J, Kampine JP, Stowe DF: Protective effects of halothane against hypoperfusion induced damage in isolated guinea pig hearts. FASEB J 4:A558 1990. 56. Buljubasic N, Marijic J, Stowe DF, Mehner RW, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Enflurane improves contractility and coronary vasoreactivity following hypoperfusion. Pharmacologist 32:A124, 1990. 57. Boban M, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Effects of isoflurane on reactive hyperemia and coronary reserve after hypoperfusion in isolated hearts. Physiologist 33:A42, 1990. 58. Buljubasic N, Marijic J, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Antidysrhythmic effects of halothane during ischemia: correlation with changes in anaerobic glycolysis. Physiologist 33:A39, 1990. 59. Stowe DF, Peller DP, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Comparative dose response cardiac effects of thiopental, etomidate, ketamine and propofol in perfused, isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesthesiology 73: A589, 1990. 60. Buljubasic N, Marijic J, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Global ischemia and reperfusion in vitro - effects of halothane on contractility and development of dysrhythmias. Anesthesiology 73: A579, 1990. 61. Boban M, Buljubasic N, Stowe DF, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ: Effects of isoflurane on coronary flow and development of dysrhythmias during ischemia and reperfusion Anesthesiology 73: A654, 1990. 62. Boban M, Stowe DF, Goldberg AH, Buljubasic N, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: 2,3 butanedione monoxime improves function and rhythm after hypoperfusion in isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 72:S23, 1991. 63. Stowe DF, Peller DP, Bosnjak ZJ Kampine JP: Cardiac effects of etomidate, ketamine, midazolam, propofol and thiopental on oxygen supply and demand in guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 72:S281, 1991. 64. Buljubasic N, Marijic J, Boban M, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ: Effects of enflurane on global ischemia and reperfusion in isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 72:S30, 1991. 65. Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Comparison of nitrous oxide with enflurane or isoflurane on contractility and oxygen utilization in guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 72:S280, 1991. 66. Mehner RW, Buljubasic N, Boban M, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Combined effects of verapamil and halothane on pressure recovery after hypoperfusion in guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 72:S181, 1991. 67. Stowe DF, Buljubasic N, Roerig D, Boban M, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZB: Effects of halothane on release of adenosine, inosine and lactate with ischemia and reperfusion in isolated hearts. FASEB J 5:A1049, 1991. 68. Boban M, Stowe DF, Goldberg AH, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Effects of 2,3 butanedione monoxime following ischemia and reperfusion in isolated hearts. FASEB J 5:A1048, 1991. 69. Palmisano BW, Kampine JP, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ: Halothane depression of myocardial function in the isolated perfused infant rabbit heart. FASEB J 5:A1140, 1991. 70. Stowe DF, Buljubasic N, Roerig DL, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Halothane decreases oxygen extraction and release of metabolic byproducts during and following reduced coronary perfusion pressure in isolated hearts. Soc Cardiovas Anesth 13:A23, 1991. 71. Stowe DF, Boban M, Bosnjak ZB, Goldberg AH, Kampine JP: Use of a putative excitation-contraction uncoupler to improve function of isolated hearts after 22 hours of cold hypoperfusion. Anesthesiology 75:A523, 1991. 72. Palmisano B, Kampine JP, Stowe DF, Bosnjak JB: Direct depression of myocardial function by halothane in the isolated, perfused infant rabbit heart. Anesthesiology 75:A926, 1991. 73. Boban M, Buljubasic N, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Differential effects of isoflurane and desflurane in isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesthesiology 75:A506, 1991. 74. Stowe DF, Heisner JS, Boban M, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Improved contractile function of isolated hearts given butanedione monoxime, adenosine and nitroprusside during rewarming after 22 hours of cold hypoperfusion. Internat Soc Cardiovasc Anesthesiol 4:27, 1992. 75. Stowe DF, Boban M, Heisner JS, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Improved cardiac function with nitroprusside, nitrobenzylthioinosine, and 2,3, butanedione monoxime, when given during rewarming of isolated hearts after 22 hours of cold perfusion. FASEB J 6:A1579, 1992. 76. Kampine JP, Stowe DF, Heisner JS, Boban M, Bosnjak ZJ: Impaired coronary responsiveness to adenosine, acetylcholine, and nitroprusside in isolated hearts after 22 hours of cold perfusion. FASEB J 6:A1579,
17 / 33 1992. 77. Bosnjak ZJ, Boban M, Stowe DF, Gross GJ, Pieper GM, Kampine JP: Potassium channel openers, pinacidil and EMD 52692, reverse atrioventricular block caused by bupivacaine in the isolated guinea pig heart. FASEB J 6:A1309, 1992. 78. Palmisano BW, Mehner RW, Kampine JP, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ: Isoflurane depression of myocardial function in the isolated perfused infant rabbit heart. FASEB J 6:A2035, 1992. 79. Stowe, DF, Boban M, Heisner JS, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Adenosine or nitrobenzylthioinosine given with nitroprusside during rewarming improves contractility after 22 hours of hypothermic cardiac perfusion with 2,3 butanedione monoxime. Soc Cardiovas Anesth 14:A184, 1992. 80. Stowe, DF, Boban M, Heisner JS, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Impaired coronary responsiveness to adenosine, acetylcholine, and nitroprusside in isolated hearts after 22 hours of cold perfusion. Association of University Anesthesiologists, 1992. 81. Bosnjak ZJ, Boban M, Stowe DF, Gross GJ, Pieper GM, Kampine JP: Potassium channel openers attenuate atrioventricular block by bupivacaine Association of University Anesthesiologists, 1992. 82. Palmisano B, Mehner R, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Maximal doses of halothane and isoflurane produce reversible cardiac effects in infant rabbits. Anesthesiology 77:A1146, 1992. 83. Palmisano B, Mehner R, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Interactions between varapamil and volatile anesthetics: Effects on cardiac function in newborn rabbits. Anesthesiology 77:A1147, 1992. 84. Marijic J, Buljubasic N, Stowe DF, Mehner R, Bosnjak ZJ: Halothane reduces release of adenosine, inosine, and lactate with ischemia and reperfusion in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 77:A604, 1992. 85. Boban M, Stowe DF, Gross GJ, Pieper GM, Bosnjak ZJ: Bupivacaine induced AV block is attenuated by potassium channel blockers. Anesthesiology 77:A652, 1992. 86. Stowe DF, Boban M, Heisner JS, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Improved coronary flow, cardiac efficiency and contractility after 22 hours of hypothermic perfusion with adenosine and nitroprusside given with butanedione monoxime. Anesthesiology 77:A613, 1992. 87. Stowe DF, Boban M, Heisner JS, Andryk J, Palmisano BA, Bosnjak ZJ: L-arginine enhances coronary flow responses to acetylcholine and nitroprusside after long-term hypothermic perfusion with butanedione monoxime and adenosine in isolated hearts. Anesth Analg 76:S419, 1993. 88. Mehner RW, Palmisano BW, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Direct myocardial effects of halothane and isoflurane: Comparison between newborn and adult rabbits. FASEB J: 7:A782, 1993. 89. Palmisano BW, Mehner RW, Baker JE, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Direct myocardial effects of halothane and isoflurane in normoxic and chronically hypoxic infant rabbits. FASEB J: 7:A782, 1993. 90. Graf BM, Boban M, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Desflurane stereoisomers have no differential effects on depression of isolated guinea pig hearts. FASEB J: 7:A707, 1993. 91. Stowe DF, Andryk J, Heisner JS, Boban M, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Stimulation of nitric oxide release improves endothelium dependent coronary flow responses while inhibition improves endothelium- independent responses after 1 day of hypothermic perfusion in isolated hearts. FASEB J: 7:A718, 1993. 92. Chang D, Boban M, Bosnjak ZJ, Heisner JS, Palmisano BW, Kampine JP, Stowe DF: Adenosine and nitroprusside but not acetylcholine counteract coronary vasoconstriction induced by endothelin-1 in isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. FASEB J: 7:A773, 1993. 93. Bosnjak ZJ, Boban M, Graf BM, Kampine JP, Stowe DF: Lack of stereospecific effects of isoflurane isomers on isolated guinea pig hearts. FASEB J: 7:A707, 1993. 94. Stowe DF, Boban M, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Effects of a precusor and inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis on coronary flow before and after preservation of isolated hearts for 24 hours. Soc Cardiovas Anesth 15:A334, 1993. 95. Stowe DF, Boban M, Heisner JS, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Effects of endothelium dependent and independent vascular factors on coronary flow, oxygen extraction, and ventricular function, before and 24 hours after hypothermic preservation of isolated hearts. Association of University Anesthesiologists, 1993. 96. Graf BM, Boban M, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Lack of stereospecific effects of isoflurane and desflurane isomers in isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesthesiology 79:A391, 1993. 97. Stowe DF, Heisner JS, Boban M, Graf BM, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Impaired coronary flow responses in isolated guinea pig hearts after cold perfusion with high K+ or low Ca2+ perfusate solutions: A comparison with normal ionic perfusate solutions. Anesthesiology 79:A598, 1993. 98. Stowe DF, Boban M, Graf BM, Palmisano BW, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Comparison of high K+, low Ca2+ and butanedione monoxime for preservation of isolated guinea pig heart function after 22 hours of
18 / 33 hypothermic perfusion. Anesthesiology 79:A597, 1993. 99. Palmisano BW, Mehner RW, Baker JE, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Direct myocardial effects of halothane and isoflurane in chronically hypoxic infant rabbits. Anesthesiology 79:A1142, 1993. 100. Marijic J, Buljubasic N, Berczi V, Supan DF, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Comparative effects of etomidate, propofol and midazolam on calcium and potassium currects in isolated canine ventricular cells. Anesthesiology 79:A390, 1993. 101. Bosnjak ZJ, Graf BM, Sikiric P, Stowe DF: Protective effects of newly isolated gastric peptide following hypoxic and reoxygenation injury in the isolated guinea pig heart. FASEB J 8:A129, 1994. 102. Graf BM, Stowe DF, Martin E, Bosnjak ZJ: Effects of the synthetic vasopressin derivative ornipressin on isolated guinea pig hearts. FASEB J 8:A884, 1994. 103. Habazettl H, Palmisano BW, Stowe DF, Graf BM, Bosnjak ZJ: Effects of warm cardioplegic reperfusion and adenosine on coronary flow in isolated hearts. FASEB J 8:A587, 1994. 104. O'Brien WC, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Butanedione monoxime vasodilates isolated canine cerebral arteries independently of nitric oxide and cGMP. FASEB J 8:A31, 1994. 105. Stowe, DF, Heisner JS, Knop CS, Graf BM, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Zaprinast enhances coronary vasodilation produced by nitroprusside in isolated hearts. FASEB J 8:A367, 1994. 106. Stowe, DF, Habazettl H, Heisner JS, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Halothane better improves coronary flow, cardiac efficiency and contratile function one day after hypothermic perfusion than does lowered calcium. Soc Cardiovas Anesth 16:A273, 1994. 107. Stowe DF, O'Brien WC, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Reversal of endothelin induced vasoconstriction by endothelium dependent and independent vasodilators: Mechanisms of action. Association of University Anesthesiologists, 1994. 108. Stowe DF, Habazettl H, Graf BM, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Halothane improves coronary flow, cardiac efficiency, and contractile function more than low calcium one day after hypothermic preservation. Anesthesiology 81:A629, 1994. 109. Stowe DF, Rooney RM, Marijic J, Strommel KA, Roerig DL, Bosnjak ZJ: Additive cardiac depression by three volatile anesthetics after chronic amiodarone treatment. Anesthesiology 81:A655, 1994. 110. Graf BM, Vicenzi MN, Kwok WM, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF: Enantiomer-specific component of bupivacaine alters only AV conduction in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 81:A749, 1994. 111. Graf BM, Martin E, Stowe DF, Kampine JP, Bosnjak ZJ: Stereospecific effects of ketamine isomers on isolated perfused guinea pig hearts. Anesthesiology 81:A734, 1994. 112. Graf BM, Fischer B, Martin E, Stowe DF, Bosnjak ZJ: Comparative effects of natural arginine vasopressin and synthetic ornithine vasopressin on isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 81:A742, 1994. 113. Habazettl J, Palmisano BW, Graf BM, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF: Effects of warm cardioplegic reperfusion and adenosine on coronary flow and endothelial function in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 81:A631, 1994. 114. Habazettl J, Palmisano BW, Graf BM, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF: Initial reperfusion with 2,3 butanedione monoxime is superior to warm cardioplegic reperfusion in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 81:A630, 1994. 115. O'Brien WC, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP, Stowe DF: Maximal vasodilation by BDM in canine cerebral artery and guinea pig aorta is independent of nitric oxide and cGMP. Anesthesiology 81:A766, 1994. 116. Stowe DF, Heisner JS, Graf BM: Zaprinast given with butanedione monoxime improves coronary vascular responsiveness after one day of hypothermic cardiac perfusion in vitro. II Inter Sym Myocard Preservation, 1994. 117. Stowe DF, Gross GJ, Heisner JS, Graf BM: Bimakalim plus butanedione monoxime restores perfusion and contractility after one day hypothermia in guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 80:S476, 1995. 118. Graf BM, Heisner JS, Gross GJ, Kwok WM, Stowe DF: Greater vasodilation by bimakalim than by serotonin or nitroprusside in isolated hearts. FASEB J 9:A559, 1995. 119. Stowe DF, Gross GJ, Heisner JS, Moore F, Graf BM, Fujita S: Restored cardiac function after one-day cold perfusion of butanedione monoxime plus bimakalim. FASEB J 9:A913, 1995. 120. Stowe DF, Gross GJ, Heisner JS, Graf BM: Bimakalim plus BDM restores coronary reserve and contractile function after one day cold preservation of isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 80:SCA5, 1995. 121. Fujita S, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF: Effluent release of nitric oxide by different vasodilators in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 83:A621, 1995. 122. Habazettl H, Stowe DF, Palmisano BW, Bosnjak ZJ: Initial reperfusion with 2,3 butanedione monoxime is superior to warm cardioplegic reperfusion in isolated hearts.Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 43: 93, 1995. 123. Habazettl H, Stowe DF, Palmisano BW, Roerig DL, Graf BM, Bosnjak ZJ: Recovery of myocardial contractility, coronary flow, and endothelial function in isolated hearts after warm cardioplegic
19 / 33 reperfusion with adenosine. Eur Surg Res 27: 64, 1995. 124. Habazettl H, Stowe DF, Palmisano BW, Bosnjak ZJ: Contraction uncoupling during reperfusion by 2,3 butanedione monoxime improves function of isolated hearts. J Mol Cell Cardiol 27: A320, 1995. 125. Graf BM, Bosnjak ZJ, Martin E, Stowe DF, Kwok WM: Stereoselectivity of bupivacaine on cardiac Na+ channels is dependent on cAMP. Anesthesiology 83:A304, 1995. 126. Graf BM, Stowe DF, Fischer B, Bosnjak ZJ, Martin E: Vasopressin and myocardial oxygen demand: A model for the Gregg's phenomenon. Anesthesiology 83:A612, 1995. 127. Fujita S, Chung WW, Bosnjak, ZJ, Stowe DF: Halothane does not alter endothelial release of nitric oxide or coronary flow on stimulation by bradykinin in isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 82:S119, 1996. 128. Stowe DF, Fujita S, Heisner JS, Smart SC, Bosnjak ZJ: Butanedione monoxime reduces the contractile effort to free myoplasmic calcium in isolated beating guinea pig hearts. FASEB J 10:A394, 1996. 129. Chung WW, Fujita S, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF: Role of prostaglandin, potassium channel, and nitric oxide blockade on coronary flow and nitric oxide release in isolated guinea pig heart. FASEB J 10:A571, 1996. 130. Novalija E, Paulsen RA, Rusch N, Stowe DF: Free calcium chelation contributes to relaxation of guinea pig aorta by butanedione monoxime.FASEB J 10:A6, 1996. 131. Fujita S, Chung WW, Roerig DL, Stowe DF: Coronary vasodilation and effluent release of nitric oxide and citrulline by bradykinin is not altered by isoflurane in isolated hearts. FASEB J 10:A156 1996. 132. Stowe DF, Fujita S, Chung WW, Roerig DL, Bosnjak ZJ: Absence of effect of volatile anesthetics on activity of nitric oxide in isolated perfused hearts. Association of University Anesthesiologists, 1996. 133. Stowe DF, Heisner JS, Bosnjak ZJ, Fujita S: Isoflurane improves contractility and coronary flow in isolated hearts after one day hypothermic preservation: A KATP channel role? Anesthesiology 85:A:551, 1996. 134. Fujita S, Novalija E, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Effects of halothane on myocardial [Ca2+] release and effluent nitric oxide release in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 85:A:526, 1996. 135. Fujita S, Smart S, Bosnjak ZJ, Tseng LF, Mizoguchi H, Stowe DF: Deltorphin, a delta enkephalin agonist, enhances myofibrillar sensitivity to Ca2+ in isolated hearts. Anesth Analg 84:S77, 1997. 136. Stowe DF, Fujita S, Smart SC: Ca2+ agonist BAY K 8644 and SR Ca2+ -ATPase blocker thapsigargin differentially alter myoplasmic Ca2+ and Ca2+ sensitivity in intact guinea pig hearts. FASEB J 11:A272, 1997. 137. Heisner JS, Fujita S, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Milrinone and levosimendan differentially alter systolic and diastolic myoplasmic free Ca2+ in the intact beating guinea pig heart. FASEB J 11:A307, 1997. 138. Smart SC, Stowe DF, Fujita S: Bimakalim and glibenclamide have differential effects on intracellular Ca2+ and myocardial sensitivity to Ca2+ in intact guinea pig hearts. FASEB J 11:A272, 1997. 139. Paulsen RA, Fujita S, Smart SC, Stowe, DF: Hypothermia elevates systolic and diastolic free Ca2+ and contraction in isolated hearts. FASEB J 11:A526, 1997. 140. Contney SJ, Lathrop DA, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF. Hypothermia induced action potential changes are reversible by the KATP activator bimakalim in isolated guinea pig ventricular muscle. FASEB J 11:A525, 1997. 141. Novalija E, Heisner JS, Fujita S, Stowe DF: Sevoflurane and preconditioning alter flow and nitric oxide release in isolated hearts. FASEB J 11:246, 1997. 142. Fujita S, Smart SC, Bosnjak ZJ, Tseng LF, Mizoguchi H, Stowe DF: Delta enkephalin agonist, deltorphin, enhances myofibrillar Ca2+ sensitivity in isolated hearts. FASEB J 11:A307, 1997. 143. Stowe DF, Contney SJ, Lathrop DA, Bosnjak ZJ, Kampine JP: Action potential changes induced by mild and moderate hypothermia are reversible by the KATP channel agonist bimakalim in isolated guinea pig ventricular muscle. Association of University Anesthesiologists, 1997. 144. Novalija E, Stowe DF: KATP channel blockade attenuates cardiac and coronary preconditioning effects of sevoflurane. Midwest Physiol Soc, 1997. 145. Paulsen RA, Fujita S, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Intracellular systolic and diastolic Ca2+ is elevated with contraction during mild hypothermia in isolated beating hearts. Midwest Physiol Soc, 1997. 146. Novalija E, Marijic J, Bosnjak ZJ, Stowe DF: KATP channel antagonism attenuates vascular preconditioning effects of sevoflurane in isolated guinea pig hearts. Int Soc O2 Transport Tissue, 1997. 147. Novalija E, Marijic J, Heisner JS, Stowe DF: Vascular preconditioning effects of sevoflurane in isolated hearts are attenuated by KATP antagonism. Anesthesiology 87:A578, 1997. 148. Stowe DF, Strommel KA, Fujita S, Novalija E, Bosnjak ZJ, Roerig DL: Bradykinin-induced effluent release of L-citrulline is not altered by volatile anesthetics in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 87:A597, 1997. 149. 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20 / 33 150. An JZ, Varadarajan S, Stowe DF, Smart SC: Contractile dysfunction during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion is marked by increased noncytosolic-mitochondrial- free [Ca2+]i in isolated intact hearts. FASEB J 12:A712, 1998. 151. Novalija E, An JZ, Stowe DF: Preconditioning by brief ischemia or sevoflurane protects against diastolic contracture during global ischemia and improves contractility on reperfusion in isolated hearts. FASEB J 12:A712, 1998. 152. Stowe DF, Varadarajan S, Novalija E: Time and extent of diastolic contracture during global ischemia predicts return of contractility on reperfusion in isolated hearts. FASEB J 12:A711, 1998. 153. Varadarajan S, An JZ, Novalija E, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Mitochondrial -non cytosolic- [Ca2+] is not altered by external calcium before or after ischemia but remains markedly elevated on reperfusion in isolated hearts. FASEB J 12:A710, 1998. 154. Stowe DF, Varadarajan SG, An JZ, Smart SC: Mitochondrial [Ca2+] is not altered by external calcium before or after ischemia but remains markedly elevated with reperfusion in isolated hearts. AHA Sym Vasc Myocard Isch Heart Dis, 1998. 155. Stowe DF, An JZ, Varadarajan SG, Smart SC: Mitochondrial free [Ca2+] greatly increases during global cardiac ischemia and peaks during early reperfusion in isolated intact hearts. AHA Sym Vasc Myocard Isch Heart Dis, 1998. 156. Stowe DF, Rehmert GC, Heisner JS, Parsons T, Kramer BA, Bosnjak ZJ: Xenon does not alter coronary flow, cardiac function, or metabolism in isolated blood-perfused guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 86;SCA32, 1998. 157. Stowe DF, Heisner JS, Novalija E, Chung WW, Fujita S: Sevoflurane does not attenuate coronary vasodilation induced by bradykinin in isolated hearts with inhibited nitric oxide synthase or blocked KATP channels. Anesth Analg 86;SCA33S, 1998. 158. An JZ, Varadarajan, SG, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Sevoflurane or ischemic preconditioning do not alter mitochondrial [Ca2+] elevation by external calcium before or after ischemia in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 89:A208, 1998. 159. Stowe DF, Varadarajan SG, An JZ, Smart SC: Cardioplegia during cold storage reduces cytosolic [Ca2+] loading and improves function in intact hearts. Anesthesiology 89:A596, 1998. 160. An JZ, Varadarajan SG, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Sevoflurane, like ischemic preconditioning, reduces cytosolic Ca2+ loading and improves contractility after global ischemia in intact hearts. Anesthesiology 89:A631,1998. 161. Varadarajan SG, An JZ, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Increases in mitochondrial free [Ca2+] during and after ischemia are unaltered by sevoflurane or ischemic preconditioning in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 89:A632, 1998. 162. Novalija E, Heisner JS, Kampine JP, Stowe DF: Sevoflurane preconditioning effects are similar to those of KATP agonism by bimakalim in isolated hearts. Anesthesiology 89:A634, 1998. 163. Stowe DF, Parsons T, Contney SC, Heisner JS, Varadarajan SG, An JZ: Diazoxide given before ischemia primarily protects against reperfusion injury via a sarcolemmal mechanism in guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 88;S102, 1999. 164. An JZ, Varadarajan SG, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Preconditioning improves maximal contractility and Ca2+ sensitivity after ischemia in intact guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 88;SCA47, 1999. 165. Varadarajan SG, Heisner JS, Parsons T, An JZ, Smart SC, Weber CC, Novalijia E, Gross GJ, Stowe DF: Reperfusion protection by inhibition of Na+/H+ exchange before graded ischemia in isolated guinea pig hearts. Anesth Analg 88;SCA49, 1999. 166. Stowe DF, Varadarajan S, Heisner JS, An JZ: Coronary vasodilators moderately precondition isolated hearts against ischemia reperfusion injury. FASEB J 13:A763, 1999. 167. An JZ, Varadarajan S, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Preconditioning improves cardiac work efficiency as a function of myoplasmic [Ca2+] release after ischemia. FASEB J 13:A763, 1999. 168. Stowe DF, Fujita S, An JZ, Paulsen RA, Varadarajan SG, Smart SC: Modulation of myocardial function and Ca2+ sensitivity by mild and moderate hypothermia in guinea pig isolated hearts. Eur J Anaesth 82 (Suppl 1):63, 1999. 169. Stowe DF, Varadarajan GS, An ZJ, Heisner JS, Smart SC: Mitochondrial KATP channel blockade with 5-hydroxy decanoate does not inhibit cardioprotection by sarcolemmal and mitochondrial KATP opener bimakalim. Anesthesiology 91:A626, 1999. 170. Varadarajan GS, An JZ, Smart SC, Stowe DF: Sevoflurane given before, or before and after, global ischemia lowers free intracellular calcium on reperfusion to improve function in intact hearts. Anesthesiology 91:A705, 1999.
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