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27 Bangkok Indexit.Indd 339 12/15/11 11:00:18 AM 340 Index Index 339 INDEX A amnesty, 279–83, 285, 301, 303 Abhisit Vejjajiva, 5, 7–8, 20, 25, 27, Amnuay Virawan, 17 30–31, 38–40, 43–45, 47, 72, Amsterdam, Robert, 280–81 77–80, 100, 120, 123–5, 132, 135, Anan Panyarachun, 44, 104, 169, 144, 165–66, 168, 173, 178, 182, 305–306 186, 194, 200–201, 245, 253, Ananda Mahidol, King, 73, 180 257–62, 274–76, 282–83, 285, 290, ancien régime, 287, 295 294, 298, 313, 319, 321, 323 Angkor Sentinel, military exercise, background of, 35 208 government under, 32–36, 42, 44, anti-monarchical conspiracy theory, 74, 76, 82, 102, 111, 115, 138, 74, 80 158, 169, 179, 183, 185, 195, see also “lom chao” 203, 205–207, 209–10, 267, 278, “anti-system” forces, 129 280, 305, 309, 329 anti-Thaksin media, 79 reform package proposed by, 89, 95 Anuman Ratchathon, Phraya, 2 absolute monarchy, 22, 192, 221–22, Anuphong Paochinda, 25, 33, 315 269–70 Apichatphong Weerasethakun, see also constitutional monarchy; 184–85 monarchy Appeals Court, 277 absolute poverty, 27, 156, 324 “aristocratic liberalism”, 105 Academy Fantasia, reality show, 93 Army, Thai, 21–22, 25, 35, 43–44, activist monks, 290–92 76–78, 87, 133, 139, 165, 220, agents provocateurs, 294, 299 224, 227, 293, 298, 302, 304, 307, agrarian change, waves of, 232–36 309–10, 323 “ai mong”, 78 psychological warfare unit, 237 Allende, Salvador, 50 restructured, 128 Amara Phongsaphit, 303 Arvizu, Alexander, 253 American Embassy, see U.S. Embassy ASEAN (Association of Southeast ammat (establishment), 21–22, 27, 29, Asian Nations), 166, 202, 204–205, 38, 93, 99, 135, 137–38, 140, 144, 210–11, 257, 262 179, 225, 287, 292–93, 302, 304, ASEAN Charter, 202 306–309 ASEAN Plus Three, 4, 202 see also elite governance ASEAN Secretariat, 202 27 Bangkok IndexIT.indd 339 12/15/11 11:00:18 AM 340 Index ASEAN Summit, 178, 200–202 Border Patrol Police, 44 “Asia for Asians”, 208 Bottomore, Tom, 145 Asia Times Online, 258 Boyce, Ralph, 252 Asian financial crisis, 2, 15, 100, “brainwashing”, 26–27 110, 113, 146, 148, 150, 162, 215, BSI (Business Sentiment Index), 221–22, 231, 232, 329 58–59, 61, 63 “assembly of slaves”, 163 Buddhism, 30, 288, 290–91 Assembly of the Poor, 113 Bumrungrad Hospital, 115 Assets Scrutiny Committee, 302 Bunchu Rotchanasathian, 2, 16 Associated Press, 182 Burmese-style junta, 102, 105, 268 ASTV channel, 77, 79, 184, 193, 275, Burns, William, 257 301, 308, 318–19, 321 bushido, code of, 269 Atthasit Vejjajiva, 115 Aung San Suu Kyi, 261 C Australian Broadcasting Cambodia Corporation, 182 confrontation with, 186, 203–204, authoritarianism, 97–99, 101, 105, 208 164, 190 Thaksin as economic advisor to, autocracy, 267–68, 270 204, 212 Aylwin, Patricio, 51 Campaign for Popular Democracy, see CPD B Campbell, Kurt, 82, 256–59 Baker, Chris, 27, 245 capitalism, 2, 89, 101, 113, 146, 288, Ban Ki Moon, 209 304 “banana man”, 249 cash crops, 234, 236 Bangkok Commune, 133 censorhip, 184–85, 305 Bangkok Post, The, 24, 36, 94–95, 173, Central World Plaza, 134, 172 183, 185, 280, 286, 301–302, 318 Centre for the Resolution of the Banharn Silpa-archa, 16, 166 Emergency Situation, see CRES BBC, 32, 36 CFD (Confederation for Democracy), “beacon of democracy”, 161–62 193 Bhumibol Adulyadej, King, 2, 109– Chai-anan Samudavanija, 192 10, 177, 180, 182, 262, 293–95, Chakri dynasty, 3, 317 304, 327, 330, 333–37 see also Bhumibol Adulyadej born, 251 Chalat Worachat, 194 see also Chakri dynasty Chamlong Srimuang, 79, 176, Bhumjaithai Party, 33 191–92, 195, 271, 309 “big men”, leadership concept, 271 “Chang Noi”, 186 “biopower”, 91 Chatchai Choonhavan, 125 black-clad gunmen, 77–78, 82, 112, Chatrichaloem Yukol, Prince, 185 206, 284 Chaturon Chaisaeng, 82, 258 Black May, public uprising, 162 Chavalit Yongchaiyut, 31, 194–95 Bloch, Maurice, 316 China’s Communist Party: Atrophy and “blue shirt” militia, 79, 294 Adaptation, 37 bomb attacks, 112, 122, 131, 133 China, influence of, 208–209 27 Bangkok IndexIT.indd 340 12/15/11 11:00:18 AM Index 341 Chirmsak Pinthong, 77 Council for Democratic Reform, 281 Chuan Leekphai, 7, 18, 117, 166, 195 Council for National Security, see Chulachomklao Military Academy, CNS 195 coup d’état, 88, 100, 161, 165, 192 Chulalongkorn Hospital, 28, 133 see also military coup; September Chulalongkorn, King, 199 2006 coup see also Rama V, King CPB (Crown Property Bureau), 109, Chulalongkorn University, 301, 303 149–50 civil disobedience, 24 CPD (Campaign for Popular civil society, 328 Democracy), 193–94 democracy, and, 305–306 CPT (Communist Party of Thailand), failure of, 301–304 12, 144, 167, 168, 181, 234, class warfare, 29, 143, 144–45, 157, 297–98, 303 166, 300 CRES (Center for the Resolution of Clinton, Hillary, 253 the Emergency Situation), 11, 44, CNN, 36 77–81, 85, 102, 124–25, 141 CNS (Council for National Security), Criminal Code, 44, 167 281, 295 Criminal Court, 167 Cobra Gold, military exercise, “crisis of authority”, 310 252–53 crisis of power, 180–83 Cold War, 73, 87, 117, 167, 220, 237, Crispin, Shawn, 258 244, 249–52, 254, 263 cronyism, 16 colonialism, 199 Crown Property Bureau, see CPB communism, 16, 30, 237, 250 CRS (Congressional Research communist insurgency, 221, 237 Service), 255 Communist Party of Thailand, see “cryptocracy”, 317 CPT Cunningham, Philip, 112–13 communist resistance, 28 cyber-policing, 304–305 Confederation for Democracy, see CFD D Congressional Research Service, see DAAD (Democratic Alliance Against CRS Dictatorship), 295 Connors, Michael, 3 Daily News, newspaper, 83 conservatism, 99 Death and the Maiden, 50–51 “Constituent Assembly”, 128 decentralization, 238, 330 “Constitutional Convention”, 128 deglobalization, 57 Constitutional Court, 165, 204 Democracy Monument, 4, 76, 133, constitutional monarchy, 22, 180–81, 300 227 Democrat Party, 7, 19–21, 27, 33–34, see also absolute monarchy; 38–40, 72–77, 79, 82, 84, 97, monarchy 100, 104, 115, 138, 145, 150–54, contract labour, 114 156–57, 166, 178, 182, 187, corporate interest, 101 193–95, 204, 210, 222, 225–26, corruption, 100, 103, 111, 164–65, 251 290, 293, 301, 307 “cosmopolitan villagers”, 243 democratic rule, 22 27 Bangkok IndexIT.indd 341 12/15/11 11:00:19 AM 342 Index demonstrators for hire (mop rap Emory University, 114 chang), 196 Emporium, shopping mall, 2 Deleuzeo-Guattarian, defining “e-san Discovery Channel”, 79 desire, 89–90, 95 EU (European Union), 57, 210 Department of Special Investigation, “event-making men”, 269–70 see DSI executive decree, 163 despotism, 268 executive power, 100–101, 282 Dhammic Power (Phalang Tham) extrajudicial killing, 30, 111, 126, 176, Party, 176 210, 252 dictatorial conservatism, 22 “directed democracy”, 305–306 F “disparity problem”, 325–26 Fair Deal, 23 Doner, Richard, 114 Faleomavaega, Eni F.H., 259 Don Mueang Airport, 24 farang, 17–18 Don Pramutwinai, 260 fascism, 105, 268, 270–71, 288 Dorfman, Ariel, 50–52 feudal system, 292 “double standards”, 88, 95, 108, 139, Fifth Reign, reforms during, 292 144, 179, 206, 225–26, 245, 253, Fifth Republic, France, 191 281, 288, 296, 298 financial crisis of 1997, see Asian UDD strategy on, 276–84 financial crisis DSI (Department of Special Financial Times, The, 182 Investigation), 81, 84, 138, 278–79 First World, 222, 324 Dusit Thani Hotel, 25 First World War, see World War I fiscal policy, 2, 326 E five-point “compromise” (prongdong) EAS (East Asia Summit), 4, 202 plan, 81, 84–86, 262, 275 East Asian and Pacific Affairs “flexible engagement”, 210 Bureau, United States Forbes, magazine, 110 Department of State, 255–56 foreign capital, 110 Economist, The, 127, 182, 336 foreign policy, 199–200, 211, 251 economy, of Thailand, 24, 34, 55–62, politicization of, 201–205 137, 174, 181, 183, 215, 227 Fox News, 116 “EDSA”, mass demonstration in the Franco, Francisco, 288 Philippines, 192 Free Aceh Movement, 211 Election Commission, 163, 302 “free speech”, 93 electoral fraud, 165 Freedom House, 272 electoral politics, 239–40, 242 French republicanism, 191 11th Infantry Regiment, 79 elite governance, 17–18, 24, 293 G see also ammat G-20 Summit, 210–11 elite liberalism, 99, 103, 105 Gambetta, Diego, 320 elites, concerns of the, 300–301 GDP, of Thailand, 55–56, 59–62, 216, Emergency Administrative Act, 285 222, 325, 329 Emergency Decree, 43–48, 77, 82, 89, Gini coefficient, 217–18 92, 100, 122, 278, 290, 303, 319 Girling, J.L.S., 248, 263 27 Bangkok IndexIT.indd 342 12/15/11 11:00:19 AM Index 343 globalization, 114, 244, 246, 303 Independent, The, 182 government accountability, 275 Independent Truth and Government House, 3, 21, 23–24, 33, Reconciliation Commission, see 79, 111, 178, 194, 196, 277–78, ITRC 290, 294 Indochinese War, 233 Graham, Bruce, 191 Indonesia, reforms in, 211 Gramsci, Antonio, 98, 310 inequality, in Thailand, 148–50, 217, “Grand Bargain”, renegotiation of 219–20, 228, 324–25 social compact, 126 information regime, 314–18 Great East Asian War, 12 Internal Security Act, 122, 303 Great Man Theory of History, 269 Internal Security Operations Great Society, 23 Command, 85, 291 grenade attack, 25 International Court of Justice, 203 GST (Goods and Services Tax), 62 Interpol, 207 Irish Times, The, 145 H Irrawady, The, magazine, 145 Handley, Paul, 335 ITRC (Independent Truth and Harrington, Michael, 23 Reconciliation Commission), Hayami, Yujiro, 325 45–50 health-care scheme, 92, 113, 115, 223, members of, 53 240, 307, 328 Hero in History, The, 270 J historical amnesia, 280, 284 Jackson, Andrew, 262 Hitler, Adolf, 269 Jakrapob Penkair, 116 HLAC (Human Rights and Legal Japanese militarism, 269 Assistance Centre), 49 Jatuporn Phomphan, 114–16, 275, Hook, Sidney, 269 279–80, 284, 309 House of Representatives,
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