20194 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 "(1) or participate in any litigation unless On page 3, line 22: Strike "$120,000,000" and insert in lieu thereof: "SEc. 107. None the Corporation is a party to such litigation". and insert in Ueu thereof "$110,000,000". of the funds appropriated or otherwise made Page 3, line 11, strike out .. (b)" and insert On page 5: Strike line 3 through Une 5. available pursuant to this Act shall be obli­ in lieu thereof .. (c) ". On page 7, beginning on line 21 and con­ gated or expended to finance directly or H.R. 7797 tinuing on line 22: Strike "$2,214,700,000" indirectly any assistance to Uganda, Mo­ and insert in lieu thereof "$2,114,700,000". zambique, Ethiopia, Cambodia, Cuba, Laos By Mr. ROYBAL: On page 8, line 2 after the word "Syria", or the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, nor Page 21, after line 14, insert the following strike the period and insert the following: shall any funds herein appropriated or made new sectlon: ": Provided furt'fl,er, That none of the !untis available be {:hanneled through or adminis­ SEc. 509. None of the funds appropriated appropriated or otherwise made available in tered by international organizations, volun­ or made available pursuant to this Act shall this paragraph shall be obllga.ted or expended tary agencies, or any other comparable orga­ be used to provide international milltary for the Southern Africa Special Requirements nization or agencies in order to finance any education and training to the Government Fund.". assistance to Uganda, Mozambique, Ethiopia, of Argentina. On page 15, llne 9: Strike "$200,000,000" Cambodia, Cuba, Laos, or the Socialist Re­ and insert 1n lieu thereof "$127,024,700". public of Vietnam.". By Mr. YOUNG of Florida: On page 15: Strike lines 20 through 24. On page 16, line 18: Strike "$950,000,000" On page 3, line 21: Strike "$257,000,000'' On page 16: Strike lines 1 through 8. and Insert in lleu thereof "$473,000,000". and insert 1n lieu thereof "$247,000,000". On page 11 strike lines 15 through 18, On page 16: Strike lines 4 through 9.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS ITALY'S COMMUNIST REALITIES Soviet Union gives the "higher expression" which was widely advertised in last summer's to human rights. Calling it a "senseless com­ election oa.mpa.ign, seems to rest on a founda­ parison," Segre told us in a rebuke to Carter tion of hot air. HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO that "to be avoided at all costs" was any Considering the party's contorted view of OF CALIFORNIA U.S.-Soviet "confrontation" on the human­ the U.S.-Soviet struggle, its pledge to tolerate rights question-for example, pitting the continued membership in NATO is not prin­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES condition of American blacks against the cipled. Rather, it is merely a tactic to appear Tuesday, June 21, 1977 plight of Soviet dissidents. more acceptable to the Western-oriented How about imperialism, a much-favored middle class in its appeal f~ votes-a tactic Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I slander against the United States? We asked that, in other areas, appears to have damaged would like to bring to the attention of Segre to consider not just Soviet military the party's working-class base, triggered a my colleagues a commentary by Row­ control of Eastern Europe b.ut also cuiTent potentially serious inner-party debate over land Evans :.:.nd Robert Novak. I believe Soviet activities in southern Africa and else­ future strategy and, at least, for the moment their analysis offers an accurate assess­ where, compared with last year's refusal by slowed its drive toward power. ment of the dangers of Eurocommunism the United States to get involved in Angola. in Italy. The response wa-s quick and confident: I also believe the Carter administra­ "Even your own officials like [U.N. Ambassa­ dor Andrew] Young and President Carter ENVIRONMENTALISTS SUPPORT tion has not sutnciently voiced Amer­ himself have said that Communist troops ica's concern about the possible inclu­ in Angola created stab111ty, and that is not REPRESENTATIVE HOLTZMAN'S sion of the Italian Communist Party in imperlallsm." AMENDMENT ON BRIDGE TOLLS a future Italian Government. In my As for Eastern Europe, Segre told us. Mos­ opinion, the United States must make cow has troops there as part of the Warsaw clear that, while we do not want to inter­ Pact, just as the United States has troops in HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN fere in an internal political matter, we Western Europe as part of NATO. But, he OF NEW TO:aK was asked, 1s not the purpose of Soviet troops IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES are very interested in the composition of in East Germany, Poland, Hungary and any Italian Government. Our noninter­ Czechoslovakia to guarantee Moscow's mill­ Monday, June 20, 1977 vention must not be viewed as nonlnter­ tary control and economic domination of est in Italy. It is my strong hope that those countries? Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, the President Carter will make it quite clear "There is a question about what function Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., that we would view the inclusion of the Soviet troops have in Eastern Europe," Segre the environmental group which brought Communist Party in an Italian Govern­ said. He added the party's routine disclaimer suit to enforce New York's clean air plan, ment as a serious development for the on the Soviets' 1968 occupation of Prague. supports the amendment I introduced to Embroidering that curious perception of prevent the imposition of tolls on cur­ Atlantic Alliance and Western security. imperialism, Ugo Pecchioll, an articulate, 52- The commentary follows: rently free bridges in New York City. As year-old executive committee member with the following statement points out, the ITALY'S COMMUNIST REALITIES growing influence 1n the party's foreign­ resources council supported this amend­ (By Rowland Evans and Robert Novak) policy apparatus, came close to equating U.S. membership in NATO with "imperialism." ment, which has now passed the House RoME.-The spic-and-span Communist "Certainly the American presence has con­ and Senate, because it will help to reduce headquarters of Western Europe's richest ditioned the political development of the pollution in the city. Communist l'arty, in both votes and money, countries of Western Europe," he told us. would make an American politician drool. (From tlle Natural Resources Defense Coun­ "[Consider) the prevalence of American in­ cll, Inc., New York, N.Y.] But the 1lluslon that here is a Communist terests, American armaments-NATO uses Party with "a human face" vanishes the in­ American arms, not European. And we have ENvntONMENTALISTS SUPPORT REPRESENTA­ stant that party operatives reveal their doc­ learned about the CIA operations from hear­ TIVE HOLTZMAN'S AMENDMENT ON BRIDGE trine on questions of world politics. ings in your Congress" (a reference to under­ TOLLS Indeed, the decision of the Carter admin­ cover U.S. help for democratic parties in past Attorneys for Environmental groups today istration-though backed by Italy's demo­ Itaua.n elections). applauded Rep. Elizabeth Holtzman's amend­ cratic parties-to issue its manifesto of non­ And Soviet imperlaU.sm? "There 1s no ele­ ment to the Clean Air Act. involvement in the political "processes" of ment of Soviet imperialism in Eastern Eu­ Ross Sandler and David Schoenbrod, staff Western allles harboring Communist parties rope," he said. "Imperialism totally suffocates attorneys at the Natural Resources Defense may have come with undue haste and exag­ the life of a country." He repeated Segre's line Council, stated: gerated emphasis. Party leaders here make about Soviet-Cuban intervention in Angola. "In 1974 the environmental groups went preposterous claims out of it. ("Carter 1s "Even the U.S. has admitted in the last few to court to .enforce the State's clean air looking at Italian reality in a new way," one weeks that Cuban troops in Angola brought plan. That plan included the requirement told us.) an element of stability and democratlzation." to put tolls on bridges in order to raise More important, the party's real view of Given these convictions, to swallow the money to subsidize buses and subways. Be­ the u.s.-soviet struggle is chil11ngly anti­ Communist Party's new doctrine on NATO-­ cause the State and City refused to imple­ American, yet the Carter "non-involvement" that, should they ever attain power here, the ment that plan, the fare increased :from 35 policy issued in April now makes it difficult Communists would continue Italy's NATO cents to 50 cents, and the Federal Court for the United States to advertise that fact membership but press hard for the "obsoles­ thereafter ordered that the tolls be placed without violating its own edict. cence" of both pacts-requires a staggering on the bridges ln time to prevent another Sergio Segre, a leading Communist special­ act of faith. fare increase. The Holtzman amendment con­ ist in foreign affairs and member of the rul­ If much else is unclear about Italy's second firms the principal for which we have fought ing central committee, found himself unable largest party, this fact emerged from our and won in court; the Governor and Mayor to say whether the United States or the discussions: The new doctrine on NATO, must act to preserve and enhance New York's June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20195 great mass transit system. The amendment, family farm to death in the ensuing 13 the same by normal charity groups, the cost if passed by the Congress, wlll direct the years. ts about 28 cents. But for each dollar doled Governor and Mayor to define and imple­ That is why I have joined with 19 other out by the federal government, it costs three ment a unified plan ,for reducing pollution, dollars to distribute. That might explain t raffic congrestlon and improving the bus and "cattle-country" Congressmen to insist why we have so many bureaucrats and a subway system through all available financial that the International Trade Commis­ growing number of poor people. Bureaucrats means. sion expand the scope of its public hear­ have no worries about profits and loss ... "The Holtzman amendment will insure ings on beef imports to cover all the fi­ there is no market discipline ... and the big­ that our court victory compelling the Gov­ nancial woes of domestic producers-be­ ger their budget the more people they can ernor and Mayor to place the highest priority cause all of them are interrelated. hire to work for them . . . and the bigger on financing mass transit will not be sub­ As I said in my statement before the their employee list, the higher their grade verted. The Holtzman amendment confirms first of those hearings last week in Rapid in rank and pay. that principle and recognizes that improved Big spending programs, by the government, bus and subway service is necessary for clean City, S.Dak.: It is essential for the ITC to fight social ills started way back in 1933 air and the long term economic viability of to make realistic recommendations. . . . and 44 years and trillions of dollars New York... Since a good share of the beef cattle in­ later, we have little to show for it, except dustry's problems stem from Government a lot more people dreaming up many more interference in the :first place, it is im­ new ways to spend· our money, and costing BEEF IMPORTS AND THE FAMILY perative that government explore ways us more everytime they do it. FARM to correct those problems. And a good place to start is with the Beef Import OUR NATION LOST ONE OF ITS HON. ARLAN STANGELAND Act. OUTSTANDING LEADERS OF TIDS We can agree-it is important for Gov­ CENTURY OF MINNESOTA ernment to learn about our problems IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES through these hearings. But the family Tuesday, June 21, 1977 farmer has a right to expect the learning HON. LOUIS FREY, JR. process to produce action. OF FLORIDA Mr. STANGELAND. Mr. Speaker, you would have to look far and wide to :find IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a stockman in my part of the country WBOC-TV NOTES THE IDGH COST Tuesday, June 21, 1977 who is not aware of the danger that OF GOVERNMENT Mr. FREY. Mr. Speaker, last week our looms ahead for the traditional family Nation lost one of its outstanding leaders farm in the wake of spiraling beef of this century, Dr. Wernher von Bratm. imports. HON. ROBERT E. BAUMAN OF MARYLAND His death brings to a close a remarkable As the people who are right in the mid­ career of accomplishment and one that dle of the financial crunch, brought on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES contributed greatly to our Nation's space by the combination of natural disasters Tuesday, June 21, 1977 efforts that made the United States the and unnatural Federal meddling, all of first country to place a man on the us can recite the chilling history--chap­ Mr. BAUMAN. Mr. Speaker, during the past week, the House has passed a Moon. ter and verse. It is important to remember the note­ In fact, we are so close to the situa­ large part of one of the biggest Federal budgets in the Nation's history. We have worthy achievements of Dr. von Braun tion, we can't for the life of us believe which developed from his consuming in­ that any thinking Washington official voted to spend billions of the taxpayer's hard-earned dollars on projects ranging terest in rocketry that began as a young cannot see this grave danger to America's boy in Germany. In the five decades that most basic industry for himself. from aiding the poor to the most esoteric technological research in the most ad­ have followed, he has been preeminent Sure. We can admit that our concern in the development and application of is for the very enterprise that supports vanced areas of science. What are the taxpayers receiving in rocketry in science, industry and space our region of America-and why not? return? Not nearly as much as would be exploration. and research. These en­ But you would think anybody can figure deavors have made invaluable improve­ out that the real, long-range danger is the case if those same billions were allowed to remain in private sector of ments to the quality of human life. to all America itself. our as yet somewhat free economy. Dr. von Braun stands as a model and If Government in Washington does not The Life Underwriters Association has an inspiration to those who are dedi­ take positive action to relieve this situa­ just released a study demonstrating that cated to the development of knowledge tion, ·the continuing reduction of our for each dollar doled out by the Federal for the benefit of mankind. The many domestic beef cow herds-in the face of Government. it costs $3 for administra­ missions that are sponsored today by the America's exploding population growth­ tion. For private groups, it cost only National Aeronautics and Space Admin­ will lead to serious national shortages of 8 cents to administer that same dollar. istration are largely possible as a result beef within the next 2 years. And, once WBOC-TV in Salisbury, Md., recently of the mental vigor that Dr. von Braun again, "America, the Bountiful" will be applied throughout his career in working forced to rely on foreign producers fill commented on these figures and I would to like to bring these views to the atten­ with the Nation's space program. its needs. He believed that today's missions can Only this time-unlike the energy tion of my colleagues: TAX DOLLARS be reduced in thought to common de­ crunch where a natural resource is run­ nominator: To explore the Earth and its ning out on America-it will be because No one likes taxes, but we suspect there would be less grumbling about them if we surroundings, conduct aeronautical re­ Government actually encouraged Amer­ knew and felt sure that our hard eaTned search, and put the results to work for ica to run out on a vital. life-giving re­ tax dollars were being well spent. On the the benefit of all people. source that is naturally self-replenishing. local level, where we have more personal Advances that have been made In my ":first hundred days" on Capitol control, there's a general feeling that we through the application of the knowledge Hill, I have found that the pragmatic are getting our money's worth . . . but on now available are in the area of com­ logic of the family farmer too often gets the state and federal level, there is a rising munications, education, medicine, en­ lost in the clamor of so many other voices tide of discontent. vironmental monitoring and control. as demanding action on other regional and One of the biggest goals of government these days is to eliminate poverty. A lot of well as for the better use of Earth's nat­ national matters. money has been spent on it ... and there's ural resources. That knowledge will con­ The only way the farmers are going to no quarrel with the goal itself ... but gov- tinue to be applied for the solutions of win this battle for survival is to make our ernment handling of it is something else. the problems and needs of the· world's voice so loud and insistent that the The Life Underwriters Association recently people. urgency of the danger has to get through. released a study comparing the results of Mr. Speaker, from the beginning of That is the way we got the import quota work 1n this field as performed by govern­ our space age, Dr. von Braun served as legislation in 1964 and that is the only ment on one hand, and non governmental groups on the other ••• and the results an effective team leader and was recog­ way we are going to get the legislative should not be any great surprise. nized as having the insight and knowl­ changes and administration action It shows that for every dollar finally get­ edge needed to inspire others with needed to close some of the import loop­ ting to the needy, the cost of distribution enthusiasm in behalf of the needs of our holes that have been slowly choking the by churches is only about 8 cents . • • for Nation's space endeavors. He was a man 20196 EXTENSiONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 of accomplishment and vision. He gave use of any funds for salaries or expenses TUITION RELIEF-AN IDEA WHOSE without reserve to the furthering of our of diploma tic personnel assigned to Cuba TIME HAS COME ... Nation's knowledge of the principles of or the Swiss Embassy in Cuba, was re­ aerodynamics and ·rocket propulsion jected by a vote of 139 to 206: No. needed for our country. HON. JAMES J. DELANEY There is no question that Dr. von OF NEW YORK Braun will be remembered as a pioneer IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVE3 and hero of the American space age. His A GRIM REMINDER Tuesday, June 21, 1977 accomplishments are many and will be remembered as indicative of the man HON. HAROLD C. HOLLENBECK Mr. DELANEY. Mr. Speaker, because himself. Our Nation has lost a great mind of the widespread interest in the "Tui­ and a great man. OF NEW JERSEY tion Tax Relief Act" which I introduced IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES on February 9 to provide families the Tuesday, June 21, 1977 choice of a $1,000 deduction or a $250 credit for tuition at educational institu­ PERSONAL EXPLANATION Mr. HOLLENBECK. Mr. Speaker, tions from grammar school through the June 15 marked a day of sorrow andre­ university, I requested the Congressional flection for Lithuanians throughout the Budget Office to prepare a cost estimate HON. LEO J. RYAN world. On this day in 1940, Lithuania of this urgently needed legislation. H.R. OF CALIFORNIA lost its independence. Oppressed for cen­ 3403 now has 50 cosponsors in the House IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES turies because of their geographical loca­ and a similar measure, S. 834, is picking tion, Lithuanians have suffered invasions Tuesday, June 21, 1977 up considerable bipartisan support in from the East by the Russians and from the Senate. Many of my colleagues have Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, on June 2, the West by Teutonic knights. They have heard from their constituents in support June 6, and Juqe 10, I was absent when demonstrated incredible spiritual and of this concept. I would like to share the the House voted on several measures. . ethnic strength by surviving these con­ CBO's report with them. Had I been present, I would have voted tinued attacks. According to a recent HEW estimate, as follows: Ever since this gallant Baltic country the total Federal, State, and local ex­ JUNE 2, 1977 was incorporated into the Soviet Union penditure for public education in the Roll No. 297 .-House Resolution 603, by the Russians, the Lithuanians have United States is approximately $97 bil­ the rule under which H.R. 6804, the De­ struggled to throw off the chains of their lion. Some 5.3 million schoolchildren, partment of Energy bill was considered, conquerors. Thousands of these freedom however, gain nothing from that :figure. was agreed to by a vote of 345 to 2: Yes. :fighters have sacrificed their lives in an Those children constitute 10.7 percent Roll No. 298.-An amendment by Mr. attempt to secure independence for their of our elementary and secondary school CoNYERs to H.R. 6804, creation of the De­ beloved country. From 1944 to 1952 alone, population, but they do not attend pub­ partment of Energy, seeking to establish approximately 50,000 Lithuanian free­ lic schools. an independent National Energy Board dom :fighters gave their lives as part of The cost of their education is far lower responsible for energy pricing, was re­ an organized resistance movement. How­ than in the public sector. For example, jected by a vote of 83 to 277: No. ever, the cessation of armed guerrilla in 1973, the per pupil cost in parochial · Rdll No. 299.-An amendment by Mr. warfare has not resulted in the end of elementary schools was $310. In public Moss to .the Department of Energy bill, resistance against Soviet domination. schools, it was about $700. The annual striking the Secretary's authority to reg­ Rather, it has created the impetus for the cost per public school pupil in average ulate the wellhead price of natural gas introduction of passive protest. daily attendance in New York City alone and giving that power to the Federal En­ Even today, Lithuanians are risking during the 1975-76 was $2,507. Con­ ergy Regulatory Commission: and limit­ and sacrificing their lives in defiance of sidering the desire of parents across the ing the Secretary's authority to issue the Communist regime. The protests of country to place their children in in­ regulations of general applicability, was the Lithuanian people against the denial dependent institutions of learning, there agreed to by a vote of 236 to 119: Yes. · of their right to national self-determina­ can be no doubt that, for much less Roll No. 300.-An amendment by Mr. tion, and religious and political freedom money, private institutions are deliver­ UDALL to the Department of Energy bill, continues despite Soviet oppression. With ing educational services at least equal to seeking to strike certain powers of the this in mind we must attempt to match those provided by their public counter­ Department relating to Federal leases, the courage of Lithuania by reaffirming parts. was rejected by a vote of 170 to 180: No. our dedication to the principles of self­ The tax break provided under H.R. Roll No. 301.-An amendment by Mr. determination, and human rights. 3404 would result in a tax loss to the LEVITAS to the Department of Energy The convening of- the Belgrade Con­ Federal Government of $190 million in bill, providing for congressional veto of ference represents the perfect setting for fiscal 1978. In fiscal 1979, when the bill rules and regulations promulgated by the implementation of these ideals. It is would be fully operational, the cost the Department, was accepted by a vote our obligation to confront the Soviet would be $1.272 billion. That is not a of 200 to 125: Yes. Government with the fact that despite small sum. but it is still a bargain. JUNE 6, 1977 being cosigners of the Helsinki Accords, It is a bargain, for example, because they have .blatantly ignored many of the Roll No. 311.-An amendment by Mr. private education on the elementary and provisions guaranteeing human rights. secondary level is literally keeping pub­ CRANE to H.R. 6990, authorizing funds for We must continue to speak out against military construction installations, seek­ lic education alive in some areas of the the denial of human rights and not suc­ country. Many of our great cities would ing to eliminate the applicability of the cumb to any temptations which permit Davis-Bacon Act, requiring the payment be financially crippled if their private us to neglect the inhumane treatment of school systems had to close their doors. of prevailing wages to construction con­ those less fortunate throughout the· tracts in the bill, was rejected by a vote Imagine the impact on New York, Bal­ of 76 to 298: No. world. Instead, we should continue to timore, Philadelphia, Chicago, Detroit, fight vigorously for those rights to which Boston, or Los Angeles if, next Septem­ Roll No. 312.-H.R. 6990, authorizing all peoples are entitled. construction at military installations, ber, hundreds of thousands of additional passed by a vote of 351 to 24: Yes. June 15 marked a grim reminder for pupils appeared on the doorsteps of the all of us that there are people in the public schools. That would be, in some JUNE 10, 1977 world who do not possess even the most cases, "the straw to break the camel's Roll No. 331.-The conference report basic of human rights. We must extend back." It would drive up urban taxes on H.R. 5840, the Export Administration whatever support we can to the people fantastically, and might be the begin­ Amendments of 1977, was agreed to by a of Lithuania and their dreams for free­ ning of the end for urban government as vote of 306 to 41 : Yes. dom. Let us hope for the day when our we have come to know it. Roll No. 332.-An amendment by Mr. Lithuanian friends can celebrate their This is a matter having special impact BURGENER to H.R. 7556, appropriations renewed independence, rather than com­ on low-income families and minorities. for the Departments of State, Justice, memorate the day of their homeland's Across America, tens of thousands of and Comq1erce, seeking to prohibit the invasion. black and Hispanic families are support- -June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20197 tng, sometimes through heroic efforts, variables which clearly demonstrate the Wabnick of the Human Resources and Com­ their own educational systems. They are secular advantages of the bill. These munity Development Division. building a solid base of pride and ac­ variables, by the way, are almost always I hope that this wlll be helpful to you. complishment that is enabling them to considered in the review processes for the If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact us. realize for themselves the promise of billions of dollars of so-called "develop­ Sincerely, America, just as former minorities have ment" funding which our Government ALICE M. RIVLIN, done before them in the face of discrimi­ sends abroad through multilateral and Director. nation and misunderstanding. foreign aid institutions. Yet, they must In Washington, D.C., 65 percent of the of necessity be overlooked in such a CBO FIVE-YEAR CosT AND DISTRIBUTION ESTIMATES pupils enrolled in urban catholic schools cost estimate. OF H.R. 3403 are black, while another 5 percent are In my own State of New York, there H.R. 3403 offers taxpayers the option of a Hispanic. In Chicago, 53 percent are are over 129 private colleges. Some of non-refundable tax credit (maximum $250) black and 23 percent Hispanic. In New them are teetering on the edge of bank­ or a reduction from gross income 1 (maximum York City, 11 percent are black and 28 ruptcy, many are dipping into their en­ $1,000) for tuition expenses incurred on be­ percent Hispanic. dowments to meet day-to-day expenses, half of a full-time student attending an in­ Every year, Congress appropriates bil­ and all have been forced to raise tuition stitution of higher education, a vocational lions of dollars for compensatory educa­ skyhigh because of the dual effects of school, a secondary school, or an elementary tion and other Federal programs to help infiation and recession. The independent school. Table 1 provides cost estima.tes of H.R. disadvantaged children. It is certainly colleges of America are a precious na­ 3403 for fiscal years 1978 through 1982, and reasonable to add some small measure of tional resource, and their survival is estimates of the costs attributable to tuition financial encouragement for those worth many times over any "revenue-loss paid at postsecondary institutions, and at families who are "lifting themselves up estimate" involved in H.R. 3403. elementary and secondary schools. Table 2 by their own boomtraps" in the true Tuition relief is definitely an idea through 4 present the distributional impact American spirit. whose time has come. I respectfully di­ of H.R. 3403 by income classes according to As an aside, many people may not be rect the attention of my colleagues to calendar year tax liabilities. A discussion of aware of the "blurring'~ of distinctions the estimating procedure is presented in the CBo•s cost estimate: appendix. between public and private schools. A CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE, number of public school systems-par­ Washington, D.O., May 11, 1977. TABLE I.-ESTIMATED REVENUE LOSS FROM H.R. 34031 ticularly those with reputations for ex­ Honorable JAMES J. DELANEY, cellence-actually enroll out-of-district House of Representatives, (In millions of dollar~) students on a tuition basis. I understand, Washington, D.O. DEAR Ma. CHAmMAN: Thank you for your Fiscal year- for example, that tuition in the Clayton, letter of April 26 requesting cost estimates Mo., public schools ranges from $1,324 of H.R. 3403, a bill which would provide a 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 for elementary school to $1,721 for senior tax credit/deduction option for tuition ex­ high schools. Charges in the Montgomery penses incurred at institutions of higher edu­ Total cost______439 2,940 3,002 3,122 3, 204 County public school system in Maryland cation, vocational schools, secondary schools, Cost for postsecondary apparently range from $1,940 to slightly and elementary schools. students ______249 1,668 1, 727 1, 796 1, 835 over $2,000. The information you requested is enclosed. Cost for elementary and H.R. 3403 also provides a tax break The estimated cost of H.R. 3403 in fiscal year secondary students. ___ 190 1, 272 1, 275 1, 326 1, 369 for those paying public or private college 1978 is $439 million, of which $249 mlllion tuition. This provision accounts for the ts attributed to postsecondary education and t Assumes that 15 percent of the reduction in calendar year $190 million to elementary and secondary tax liabilities is reflected in lower payments during the cor- bulk of the "tax loss" under the bill: $249 education. In fiscal year 1982, the total cost responding fiscal year. million for fiscal 1978 and $1.668 billion Is projected to rise to $3,204 mlllion, with for fiscal 1979-when the legislation $1,835 attributed to postsecondary education 1 Since the tax deduction proposed by this would be fully in effect. From a rigorous and $1,369 to elementary and secondary bill is one which is subtracted before reach­ cost-benefit perspective, this actually education. ing adjusted gross income (an "above the makes sound economic sense. A cut-and­ The response was prepared by Frank Rus­ line" deduction), it wlll benefit those using dried financial analysis cannot possibly sek (telephone: 225-5058) of the Tax Anal­ the standard deduction as well as those who factor in the myriad social and economic ysis Division with assistance from Richard itemize their deductions.

TABLE 2.-0ISTRIBUTION OF TAX SAVING FROM H.R. 3403 (Dollar amounts in millions)

Calendar year liability 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 AGI class Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent

0 to $5,000.------3 $76 2 $69 2 $59 2 2 $5,000 to $10.000 ______------~~ 8 208 7 169 5 159 5 f~ 4 $10,000 to $15,000 ______------437 15 340 11 289 9 232 7 211 6 $15,000 to $20,000 ______------____ 523 18 482 16 454 14 359 11 294 9 $20,000 to $25,000 ______------__ ------436 15 441 15 424 14 422 13 390 12 $25,000 to $35,000 ______------711 24 850 28 992 33 1,129 35 1, 268 39 $35,000 to $50,000 ______---- __ 265 9 319 11 373 12 430 13 485 15 $50,000 to $75,000 ___ ------____ 151 5 184 6 216 7 251 8 290 9 $75,000 to $100,000 ______45 2 55 2 63 2 75 2 87 2 $100,000 and over_------43 1 52 2 62 2 74 2 85 2 TotaL ______------2,928 100 3,007 100 3,110 100. 3,190 100 3,284 100

Note: Details may not add to total because of rounding. TABLE 3.-DISTRIBUTION OF TAX SAVING ATTRIBUTABLE TO TUITION PAID AT POSTSECONDARY INSTITUTIONS [Dollar amounts in millions)

Calendar year liability 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 AGI class Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent

0 to $5,000 ____ ------______------_ f58 3 $53 3 $51 3 $43 2 $37 2 59 10 143 8 118 7 114 6 90 5 Uo~got~o$~~5~8&::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 229 14 191 11 172 10 142 8 133 7 $15,000 to $20,000 ______------254 15 233 14 239 13 182 10 163 9 $20,000 to $25,000 •• ------______------____ ------238 14 231 13 210 12 206 11 188 10 20198 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 TABLE 3.-DISTRIBUTION OF TAX SAVING ATTRIBUTABLE TO TUITION PAID AT POSTSECONDARY INSTITUTIONS-Continued (Dollar amounts in millions!

Calendar year liability 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 AGI class Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent

$25,000 to $35,000 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• $420 25 $501 29 $576 32 $653 36 $35,000 to $50,000. ______------·-·------__ _ $716 38 157 9 189 11 219 12 251 14 278 15 $50,000 to $75,000 ______------··------91 5 111 6 130 $75,000 to $100,000. ______------7 151 8 168 9 27 2 33 2 38 2 44 2 50 3 $100,000 and over------26 2 31 2 37 2 43 2 48 3 TotaL ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• _____ --:-=:----:-:-:---:--:-:-:------=1,659 100 1, 716 100 1, 790 100 1,829 100 1,871 100

Note: Details may not add to total because of rounding.

TABLE 4.-DISTRIBUTION OF TAX SAVING ATTRIBUTABLE TO TUITION PAID AT ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS (Dollar amounts in millions!

Calendar year .liability 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 AGI class Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent

0 to $5,000. __ ---- ______------$24 2 $23 2 $18 1 $16 1 $15 1 78 6 65 5 51 4 45 3 32 2 Ub~~~ot~o$l~~~o::: :::::::::::::::: ~= :::::::::::::::::: 208 16 149 12 117 9 90 7 78 6 268 21 249 19 215 16 177 13 131 9 198 16 210 16 214 16 216 16 202 14 291 23 349 27 416 32 476 $35,000 to $50,000 ______------______35 552 39 n~:~, i~ u~:~8======~======108 8 130 10 154 12 179 13 207 15 $50,000 to $75,000 ______------____ ------______60 5 73 6 86 $75,000 to $100,000 ______------____ ------______6 100 7 37 3 18 1 22 2 25 2 31 2 37 3 $100,000 and over_------17 1 21 2 25 2 31 2 37 3 TotaL ______------1, 269 100 1, 291 100 1,320 100 1,361 100 1, 413 100

Note: Details may not add to total because of rounding.

APPENDIX $25,000-$35,000; $35,000-$50,000; $50,0()()-$7·5,- To estimate tuition expenses for students Methodology 000; $75,000-$100,000; and $100,000 and abOve attending postsecondary institutions, we The following procedure was employed to A five-year projection of the distribution began with the 1974-1975 percent distl"lbu­ derive the cost estimates of H.R. 3403: of students was obtained 1n the following tion of enrollment by tuition brackets. Five­ way: year projections of this distribution were 1. Full-time student enrollment by Income class was projected through 1982 for (a) 1. The income brackets were infiated to made by adjusting tuitions for lnfiation, postsecondary schools, and (b) private ele­ reflect the projected growth of income (as using an index based on data from the Na­ mentary and secondary schools. estimated by CBO) between 1975 and future tional Center for Education Statistics. The years. For example, a 10 percent growth in following table shows the distributions for 2. Tuition expenses were projected through the period 1978-1982. This table (A-2) indi­ 1982 for attendance at (a) postsecondary income would change the $0-$5,000 bracket to $0-$5,500; cates that 5.0 percent of those enrolled ln schools and (b) private elementary and sec­ college in 1978 are expected to attend schools ondary schools. 2. The 1975 percent distribution of enroll­ charging tuitions between $100 and $200, 3. For each income class, enrollment and ment by famUy income was adjusted to fit while 29.4 percent are expected to attend tuition data. were matched with tax data to the projected income brackets in each future schools with tuitions above $1,000. determine the reduction in tax liability re­ year. The effect of this was to move students The percentages 1n Table A-2 were ap­ sulting from application of the deduction or into higher family income brackets with the plied to the number of postsecondary stu­ the credit, whichever produced the larger re­ passage of time. By interpolation, a percent dents by income class to obtain an estimate duction in taxes. distribution for the original income brackets of the percentage of students in each class (i.e, $0-5,000; $5,000-$10,000; etc.) was then attending schools with different tuitions. Be­ 4. For each income class, the aggregate obtained !or use with the tax file. revenue loss was estimated by multiplying cause of data limitations, it was assumed the per-student tax reduction by the number 3. These percent distributions were ap­ that the proportion of students attending of students in that income class. plied to projections of total full-time en­ high and low cost schools would not vary by rollment which were derived from growth income class. This probably overstates the Enrollment data rates based on data from the National Center number of high income students in low­ To estimate the distribution of students by for Educational Statistics. The resulting dis­ cost schools, and thus understates some­ adjusted gross income class, we began with tributions of students are presented in what the total cost of H.R. 3403. the October 1975 Census Population. Survey Table A-1. Tax Data which provides a distribution of full-time Tuition Data The IRS tax file was simulated to deter­ college students and pre-college students in Based on estimates obtained from the mine average marginal tax rates and average primary fammes (a close proxy to dependent American Council on Private Education and tax 11ab111ties by income class. To approxi­ students) by family Income. To provide more discussions with CRS staff, !l.t was assumed mate those taxpayers most likely to have detail for the distribution of students from that the tuition costs at private elementary children in school, the sample was restricted famtues with adjusted gross income above and secondary schools in 1978 would be $400 to heads of households and married couples $25,000, the students from these fam111es were and $800, respectively. The assumption was filing jointly who claimed dependent exemp­ distributed according to the distribution of made that these costs would rise by 7 percent tions. The results of the &lmulation are taxpayers in the following income brackets: annually. shown in Table A-3.

TABLE A-I.-ESTIMATED DISTRIBUTION OF ENROLLMENTS IN THOUSANDS

Adjusted Gross Income 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-35 . 35-50 50-75 75-100 100 plus Total

Postsecondary enrollment: 1978_ ------416 742 1, 069 1,187 1, 098 1, 812 611 323 90 84 7,432 1979.---- -~ ------377 663 889 1, 115 2, 135 720 380 106 99 7,546 1980.------365 547 799 1,~t 2,432 820 433 121 113 7,623 · 198L __ ------______---- ____ ----______306 529 659 1,~: 942 2, 730 920 486 136 127 7,678 1982.------276 414 614 752 859 2, 962 999 528 147 138 7,689 June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20199 TABLE A-t-ESTIMATED DISTRIBUTION OF ENROLLMENTS IN THOUSANDS

Adjusted Gross Income 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-35 35-50 50-75 75-100 100 plus Total

Secondary enrollment: 1978_ ------.:. ------32 60 152 202 221 375 127 65 19 17 1, 270 1979_ ------31 51 109 188 235 441 149 n 23 21 1 325 1980.------22 38 84 161 237 512 171 87 24 22 1:358 1981_ ------21 35 66 133 235 571 193 99 29 26 1, 408 1982.------20 25 56 99 215 644 217 112 32 29 1,449 Elementary enrollment: 1978_ ------118 250 680 870 571 n2 261 133 38 35 3, 728 1979_ ------110 210 487 808 606 905 305 157 45 41 3, 674 1980_ ------89 167 385 698 617 1, 054 353 180 51 47 3,641 1981.------79 145 294 576 610 1, 175 398 203 59 54 3,593 1982 ______------75 105 254 426 560 1,326 447 230 66 61 3,550 IMPROVING OUR COMMUNICATIONS It is out of my conviction that the mis­ NUCLEAR POWER IS STILL THE SYSTEM givings expressed in this letter are well ANSWER . founded that I join many of my col­ leagues in sponsoring the Consumer HON. STEVEN D. SYMMS HON. ROBERT N. C. NIX Communications Reform Act of 1977. OF PENNSYLVANIA OF IDAHO IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, June 21, 1977 Tuesday, June 21, 1977 THE FIRST LADY'S MISSION Mr. NIX. Mr. Speaker, in the area Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, with the de­ which I represent, indeed in the coun­ bate on the merits of nuclear power for try, concern intensifies as to the future HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO electric generating plants in full swing of a service we all enjoy and have grown OF CALIFORNIA many commentaries from both sides of to depend upon-the telephone. In re­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the issue are being circulated throughout cent years the Federal Communications Tuesday, June 21, 1977 the Congress. Much to the consternation Commission has taken actions which of Ralph Nader and others who desire are steering the course of the telephone Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I an energy deficient and centrally con­ industry away from that which pro­ would like to bring to the attention of trolled society, a vast majority of the duced the :finest communications service my colleagues the following editorial, American people favor increased use of anywhere in the world at prices almost which appeared in the Santa Barbara, nuclear power to meet our Nation's everyone can afford. News Press, June 14, 1977. The editorial energy needs. A November 1976 Harris I share the concerns of many of my comments on the seven nation tour poll found that by 61 to 22 percent the constituents which are very well ex­ made by First Lady Rosalynn Carter. people favored increased use of nuclear pressed in the following letter from one The editorial follows: power. That survey, conducted under the of them, the Reverend Leon H. Sullivan: THE FmsT LADY'S MISSION complete and independent control of the Now that Mrs. Rosalynn Carter's 13-day Harris organization also reveals that PHILADELPHIA OIO, INC., tour of seven Latin American nations is at political leaders "badly underestimate" Phtlaclelphia, Pa.., AprU 11,1977. an end, lt seems pertinent to take a clear, public concern over potential energy Hon. RoBERT N. c. Nxx, candid look at the mission. shortages and their economic conse­ U.S. House of Bepresenta.ttv88, Although there seems little doubt that Baybum House Office Butlcling, quences. the wife of the President made a personal Also, the survey revealed that by 63 Washtngton, D.C. hit wherever she went, we must confess to DEAR CoNGRESSMAN NIX: It ts our feeling a considerable uneasiness about having to 23 percent the public considers nuclear that today thts country has the finest com­ U.s. diplomacy conducted in thts fashion. power to be more safe than nonsafe. In munications system ln the world at costs Mrs. Carter has shown sympathy, charm addition, the survey found that environ­ lower by comparison to any other nation. and lntelllgence in her talks with the lead· mentalists are more certain now than a We are concerned, therefore, by recent de· ers of the various nations and 1n her public year ago of the inevitability of nuclear clslons of the Federal Communications Com­ appearances. But in a role requiring the mission which could possibly alter our na­ power to' meet electricity demand. By a utmost ln training, experience and knowl· 5~ to 45 percent majority environmen­ tion's telephone system. The decision to per­ edge of foreign affairs, the only qual11ica· mit direct connection to the telecommunica· tion Mrs. Carter had was that she ts the talists believe that nuclear plants are tlons network of equipment not supplied by wife of the President of the United States. safe. the Telephone Companies and the authoriza­ It 1s not enough. F'urthermore, there were popular refer­ tion of "specialized common carriers" to fur· Whatever the heads of the host nations endums in seven States last year on nlsh private line inter-city service over se­ thought privately, they accorded her typi­ whether or not to further restrict the use lected high usage routes could posslbly erode cal Latin American courtesy and hospital· of nuclear power. In each of these States 'I'elephone Company revenues 1n those areas lty. However, aside from the fact that she the public voted by a large majority not and ultimately result 1n Increased rates for kept telling them, "I w1ll take lt back to residence customers. my husband," lt must have been upper· to place further restrictions on nuclear Telephone Companies have been able to most 1n their minds that this was not the power. keep residential rates low over the years way to conduct important, complex and Mr. Speaker, it seems as though Mr. through a pricing structure that enables low deltcate diplomatic dtscusslons. Nadar and company are not as influen­ income and fixed income famllles all over In anticipating the CWDcultles 1n BrazU, tial with the public at large as some our country to use the service and afford lt. which canceled Its 25-year-old military ac­ might think. The time is long overdue If this pricing structure ts altered and cer­ cord with the United States and rejected $50 when Members of Congress and their tain business rates are lowered at the sacrifice mWion 1n loan credits because of our stand staff realize this. The May 1, 1977, issue of residence rates Increasing, some customers on human rights and nuclear power, an will be faced with the choice of modifying omcial traveling with Mrs. Carter stated: of Electrical World contained an excel­ their service or even dolng without lt. "She has to convince them that we are not lent editorial entitled "Nuclear Power is Doing without could be the choice that many anti-Brazil and want to ·tmprove relations, Still the Answer." I would like to include low income groups would have to make. and that's a hell of a task." It is, indeed. it in my remarks at this time: For these reasons, we feel that this entire President Carter has used other members NucLEAR POWER Is STILL THE ANSWER matter should be fully aired In Congress and of his famUy on diplomatic missions, al­ My engineering economics professor, Paul urge your support of Bill H.R. 8 Introduced though not on such a high level as his wife's. Jeynes, had a favorite story about an ele· 1n the House and Bill S. 530 that has been We think lt no reflection on the Carter fam· mentary-school class project. The Project, introduced in the Senate. · lly to say that we Wish he would keep his which was a U!e-cycle study of a chicken, Sincerely, close relatives at home and let our top almost foundered when the sex of the chick Rev. LEON H. SULLIVAN, diplomats attend to our diplomacy in foreign could not be determined, and therefore no General Chairman. lands. name could be given to it. A committee was 20200 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 appointed to investigate, and dutifully re­ thing less than a general discharge, ex­ far more satisfying than any other type of ported back that they had determined that cept for those individuals who qualify un­ work I could have imagined." it was a ro<>ster. "How?" asked the tea~her. der present law. "It is a most notable and sublime voca­ The chairman replied, "Well, we voted on it." tion," be said, "not only to strive !or per­ The participants in the much-debated Ford I inadvertently voted uno" by pushing sonal holiness, but to help others to attain Foundation study of nuclear energy must the wrong button. I favored the amend­ holiness and union with Christ. In the priest­ have used the same reasoning when they as­ ment and meant to vote "aye." hood, there is an eschatological, an otber­ sessed the uranium resource base of the US. wordly dimension to all your a.ctivities, since And yet, that assessment may determine the you're trying to help people not only to death of the breeder program in this coun­ attain some joy in this life, but permanent try. PHILADELPHIA'S CARDINAL KROL joy in everlasting life." To our knowledge, no even reasonably "I'm particularly grateful," Cardinal Krol comprehensive geological survey of uranium MARKS 40 YEARS IN PRIESTHOOD said, "to have the gift of the priesthood in deposits and their assay exists. The Ford the Church where we have the guarantee study bases its conclusions on ERDA esti­ of a sure teacher, the Vicar of Christ on mate. However, history has repeatedly shown HON. JOSHUA EILBERG earth." that such resource estimates are of highly OF PENNSYLVANIA "This is most important today,'' he con.. questionable accuracy. This provokes the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tinued, "when even within the Church there following thinking: appears to be a variety of teachers. We have There is no definitive inventory of uran­ Tuesday, June 21, 1977 the joy and the certainty of having a teach­ ium resources. er who presents Gospel truth in its purity. The best current estimates, therefore, Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, this "In an age when many have what Scripture could be grossly in error. Thursday, June 23, John Cardinal Krol, called 'itching ears,' we have the assurance There is no logical reason to suspect that head of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of full, crystal-clear Gospel truth being any such gross error would necessarily be of Philadelphia, will belatedly celebrate transmitted. We have the assurance of an on the side of conservatism. the 40th anniversary of his ordination infallible teaching authority in a world in We are dealing here with the future en­ in the priesthood. This celebration was which people are hungering for truth. It is ergy security-and, therefore, the economic delayed so as to coincide with the cardi­ a joy and a consolation to be a priest in security-of the country. Prudence would ap­ such a Church." pear to dictate that we must assume that nal's lOth anniversary as a cardinal, and such errors ln resource estL'llation as do it was held in St. Peter's Basilica in the exist should be considered to be both large, Vatican during the week of the canoniza­ and on the side of overstatement. The con­ tion of one of his predecessors, Bishop JOB CORPS sequence of not doing so could be a serious John Neumann. devaluation of the importance of the breeder. In connection with this happy occa­ This, subsequently, could cripple the coun­ HON. TIM LEE CARTER try's light-water-reactor base at some point sion, Mr. Speaker, the Catholic Standard after the nation has become dependent on it. and Times of the Archdiocese of Phila­ OF KENTUCKY There are those, including the participants delphia published the following article IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in the Ford Foundation study, who antici­ in its June 16, 19777 edition: Tuesday, June 21, 1977 pate that a drastic increase In coal use will CARDINAL'S 40 YEABS "INTERESTrNG, take up any slack that may develop in the SATISFYING" Mr. CARTER. Mr. Speaker, the Job nuclear program because of a breeder cut­ For Cardinal Krol. the week of the canoni­ Corps program was conceived as a way off, plus that created by the withdrawal of zation of his predecessor, Bishop John Neu­ to help young people bave a second oil and gas as boiler fuels. Such a radical mann, the fourth bishop of Philadelphia, chance at obtaining an education and a displa~ement hardly seems Ukely when we consider the barriers that have already been will be doubly memorable. skill with which to earn a decent living. raised. Incipient tough strip-mining legis­ On Thursday, June 23, the Cardinal wlll That program has been an extremely lation, the nondegradation rulings, totally offer Mass on the papal altar in St. Peter's successful one. But as with all programs, inadequate transportation facllities, a rap­ Basilica In Rome to mark his own lOth an­ such success trulv can be measured only idly shrinking and possibly nonexpandable niversary as a cardinal and to celebrate of­ ficially the 40th anniversary of his ordina­ in terms of individuals. coal-mining labor. force, and capital needs Through former Kentucky Senator that do not appear easlly met, all cry "wait" tion to the priesthood. to those who plan too heavily on coal. He will be joined In the jubilee celebra­ Earle C. Clements, I obtained a copy of a Too, the recent Mitre Corp study for ERDA tion by his priest-classmates from Cleveland, speech delivered by one such individual shows the social balance to be tipped strongly his home diocese, and Philadelphia. He has whose success is a tribute to the Job against coal-fired generation and in favor of also invited other prlest-jubilarians from Corps program. nuclear in the anticipated number of deaths Philadelphia to join him in the ceremony, Dr. Warren Rhodes, a 1967 graduate attributable to these activities. It appears, and he bas asked Sisters and Brothers mark­ ing jubilees of religious profession and mar­ of the Breckinridge Job Corps Center then, that a strong llght-water-reactor pro­ near Senator Clement's hometown of gram, ultimately supported by the breeder, ried couples celebrating golden and silver provides the most attractive alternative for wedding anniversaries to participate in the Morganfield, Ky., delivered the com­ providing our energy needs. Mass. mencement address at his alma mater The morbidity of the breeder program that Among these concelebrating the Mass will on May 25. I believe that the Members Will inevitably result from this latest input be Auxiliary Bishop Gerald V. McDevitt, who will find Dr. Rhodes' speech both de­ to government policy, therefore, should not is marking the 35th anniversary of his ordi­ lightful and inspiring, and I include it be permitted to divert the industry from its nation to the priesthood and his 15th year as a bishop. for the RECORD: nuclear path. It may be that some day, if we .BaECXINRIDGE'S MAY 25, 1977, GRADUATION kill our own breeder now. we wlll be forced Cardinal Krol, who was ordained in Cleve­ to embrace a foreign breeder to support our land on Feb. 20, 1937, said be delayed his CLASS LWRs. But for now, we must push forward jubilee celebration so that he could concele­ I know how you are feeling today because to ensure that, on that day, we have the brate with his classmates in the Vatican I just graduated a few days ago and received LWRs to support.-Wllllam c. Hayes. bas111ca. "as an expression of fidelity to the a doctoral degree in clinical psychology. Of Vicar of Christ." course you are feeling good because I was, The anniversary of his elevation to the too. If you would ask me what the key cardinalete is June 26, but the Cardinal wlll SPeaker at my graduation ceremony talked be back in Philadelphia on that day to offer about, I could not tell you because I was ego­ PUSHING THE WRONG BUTTON Mass on the Benjamin Franklin Parkway as tripping; s:>, I'm not going to stand up here the official local celebration of the canoniza­ and give you a long speech. I .fust want you tion of Bishop Neumann. · to know t1:lat I know it feels good to be HON. BUTLJ:R DERRICK Recalling the origins of his own priestly graduatin~ and to be wearing your cap and OP SO~ CAROLINA vocation. Cardinal Krol said, "When I gradu­ gown. Can't you see, I still have my cap and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ated from high school, I didn't know for sure gown on now. Boy, it felt good to hear that what I wanted to be, but I did know for sure man call my name and to walk across that Tuesday, June 21, 1977 what I didn't want to be-and that was a stage. Mr. DERRICK. Mr. Speaker, on June priest." As 1 was sitting with the other doctoral 15, 1977, the House of Representatives "God reversed that decision." Cardinal candidates at my graduation, I began to Krol said with a smne, "and I have always think a.bout another graduation-ten years voted on an amendment to prohibit the been grateful for the marvelous gift of the ago-when I was sitting where you are now use of Veterans' Administration funds for priesthood." sitting and feeling what vou are now feeling. benefits for persons who have had their "Serving God and His people," the Cardi­ I was graduating from Breck, feeling proud military discharges upgraded from any- nal said, "has been far more interesting and to have succeeded, obtaining a skill in retail June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20201 sales. That's where It started: I went back but of my determination to apply all I did deferrals- are instead fraught with penalties home to a job· arranged by Job Corps, at­ have to obtaining my personal goal. So don't to our energy supply capability. They may be tended night school and passed the high think I'm going to let you get away with both. Whichever they may be, It is not my school equivalency, went to Morgan State the excuse that, "Dr. Warren Rhodes is very intent to answer those questions today. College and received a degree in psychology, different from me; he had ab1llties that I They will be decided by careful deliberation after which I received a master's and finally don't have". I'm saying that, by applying in both Houses of Congress. What I do wish a doctoral degree from the University of Dll­ the skills and talents that you have and have to point out, however, is what appears to nois. While I have graduated from a number acquired here at Breck, you can be just as me to be a fundamental flaw in at least one of educational institutions, the most impor­ successfUl in obtaining any personal goals you portion of the Administration's logic for de­ tant graduation occurred here, ten years ago. undertake. Your graduating today demon­ ferring the Clinch River Reactor and the I say most important because all achieve­ strates your abillties to achieve a goal which, use of plutonium fuel. That ftaw is part of ments I have or shall obtain find their base some time ago, probably seemed unreachable. the answers to the question "what do we do in the changes in attitude developed here at That is not to say that the road ahead is instead if we decide not to aggressively de­ Breck. going to be an easy one. In many cases, you velop the breeder reactor?" Probably like many of you, I entered. may be going back to the same pressures The Administration's answer, at least as Breckinridge job corps center because I was that forced you to seek help In the Job far as nuclear power is concerned, is that we not very successful In regular publlc school Corps in the first place. You may st111 have to will develop other sources of nuclear fuel. programs. At the age of 18, having com­ deal with those pressures, but you now have Specifically, it iS proposed that for the short pleted only 8 years of school, I became quite new weapons for dealing with them. Besides term the U.S. Should increase its capacity frustrated and quit. the technical know-how necessary for your to enrich natural uranium to the concentra­ My having had several run-ins with the vocation, you've gained skills necessary for tion of fissionable material (uranium-235) pollee probably led my friends, neighbors getting along with co-workers and super­ needed as fuel for light water reactors. Our and family to believe that I was headed visors, greater independence and a sense of capacity will be increased not only to the tor an unproductive and useless existence. responsiblllty and, most importantly, you've extent needed for domestic reactors, but also Breck offered me an opportunity to brighten acquired the knowledge and the attitude to supply part of the international market, so my future, a future which appeared so bleak that you have the abillties to succeed. that the U.S. can remain an assured supplier at such an early age. So keep the faith, baby, and keep on keep­ o! nuclear fuel to other nations. This latter The story is the same for probably many ing on. action is intended to decrease the incenti e of you here today. I left the streets of Balti­ for other nations to develop their own en­ more, just as you left the streets of Jackson, richment or reprocessing fac111ties. At the Atlanta., Raleigh and Petersburg, making one same time, recognizing that our supply of last attempt at altering the path that seemed GOLDWATER POINTS OUT THE uranium is a limited resource, the Adminis­ laid out. RELATIVE PROLIFERATION PO­ tration proposes to draw more of the fission­ Recently, I read an interesting article TENTIAL OF CENTRIFUGE EN­ able uranium 235 from this resource in the about George Foreman. The arttcle went RICHMENT AND BREEDER RE­ operation of the proposed new enrichment something like this: George Foreman, from ACTORS plants. Only one tenth of one percent of U- Marshall, Texas, was a school drop-out and 235 wlll be left in the waste stream (tails) juvenile delinquent who was rescued by the of the new enrichment plants, rather than job corps. I, too, was rescued by jobs corps, HON. JOHN W. WYDLER the two or three tenths of one percent that and so were the majority of you graduating OJ' NEW YORK has been the previous (and planned future) today. practice, based on economics and other con­ Now that you are graduating, what does IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES siderations. To achieve this 0.1 percent "tails the future hold for you, I a.sk? If you have Tuesday, June 21. 1977 assay," even additional enriohment capacity not already asked that question, the time has will be required. come for you to address it. Take a minute Mr. WYDLER. Mr. Speaker, the Presi­ The nonproliferation logic of this ap­ and just ask yourself, what wlll I be doing dent has based his decisions on our de­ proach begins to break down when one con­ this time next year? Two years from now? velopment of nuclear energy on the po­ siders how the Administration plans to pro­ Even ten? tential for nuclear proliferation. The se­ Vide this additional enrichment capacity. It It you believe the phrase, "as we live now, lection of one course of action versus an­ is with a process called the gas centrifuge, so we determine our future," you w111 know other has been measured by the prolif­ which has been under expanded develop­ that you largely determine your future. The ment in the U.S. since the early 1960's. Its shape of the future is determined now. If you eration potential. Unfortunately, it is primary advantage is that It requires much accept this fact, then it becomes easy to neither a simple matter to evaluate, nor less electric power for operation than the set a future course of which you can be to reach absolute strategies on this issue. existing gaseous d11fusion process, and is proud. Congressman GoLDWATER has reviewed therefore potentially more economical. No To some extent, you have already begun the decision to pursue increased uranium argument so far. However, the product of to set that course. Just by joining the job enrichment capacity by developing the enrichment plants of .any kind ds uranium corps you took a step toward determln1ng enriched 1n the isotope U-235, a material, de­ your future. Your graduation symbolizes the centrifuge enrichment process. I believe pending on the percentage of enrichment, fact that you have taken another step toward all the Members could benefit by study­ that can be used in nuclear weapons, just significantly determining the course of your ing his analysts: as plutonium from a breeder reactor or re­ life. THE BREEDER REACTOR VERSUS CENTRIFUGE processing plant. Axe we then, in "switching" What steps are to be taken now? The atti­ ENRICHMENT AS A Rot1TE TO PROLD'ERATION' from breeder reactors to centrifuge enrich­ ment plants, not trading one type of prolifer­ tudes and skills acquired here at Breck The Committee on Science and Tech­ should be used in determining future steps­ ation problem for another? To answer this, nology recently spent the week of June 6, let us examine just how easily the product steps occurring in the present that Ulti­ 1977 receiving testimony from government, mately determine the future. of a centrifuge enrichment plant can be con­ industry and public Witnesses on the Liquid verted to weapons usage. Ten years ago, I left Breck a person differ­ Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) pro­ ent from the one who joined; a person who gram, and specifically on the Administra­ Fuel for nuclear power reactors is usually was aware that he could actively shape things tion's plan to indefinitely defer a key ele­ enriched to 3-4 percent in U-235, a material to come. So too do you leave Breck now: you ment of that program, the Clinch River which requires a certain number of process­ are different-a changed person, a person who Breeder Reactor (CRBR). The original im­ ing stages and processing time in an enrich­ can set goals and successfUlly strive toward petus for this approach has been the con­ ment plant. Nuclear weapons material, on them. cern that wide scale use of breeder reactors the other hand, must be about 90 percent So you must go back to Jackson, go back to might accelerate the spread of plutonium, enriched in U-235, requiring more processing Atlanta, go back to your home across the a material usable 1n nuclear weapons. It has stages and time. Can a plant designed for country, and behave in ways that are indica­ therefore been suggested that action by the the lower enrichment level be modlfied to tive of a changed person. You are now mem­ U.S. towards deferring Ita own .breeder pro­ produce the higher level material? Very defi­ bers of an elite group, and you shoUld be gram (and the reprocessing of spent fuel nitely, the answer is yes. Operation of an proud. from light water reactors as well) might experimental centrifuge cascade by the U.S. Go home and be the best bricklayer on the provide the leadership for other industrial about 15 years ago confirmed that the cen­ job, the best cook, the best refrigerator re­ nations to do the same, thereby sloWing the trifuge process can easily produce uranium pairman and repairwoman, the best college proliferation of nuclear weapons. of weapons grade quality from natural student . . . whatever your future plans may There can be little question that effective uranium. entail, you hold the key and you can open actions must be taken to address the prolifer­ The production of weapons grade material the door. You have the energies, abilities and ation problem. It 1s a vital matter which 1s even more readily accomplished if slightly the knowledge to be one of the best. affects the future of mankind. One can enriched uranium rather than natural ura­ I chose a doctorate in clinical psychology question, however, whether the deferral of nium 1s available as feed to the gas centri­ as my personal goal and strove towards ob­ the Clinch River Reactor and the reprocess­ fuge. If 3-4 percent enriched uranium, which taining that degree. My success 1s not in­ ing of spent fuel are effective steps toward will be in Wide scale use as fuel for light water dicative of my having a superior intellect, controlling proliferation or whether those reactors were to be used as the feed into 20202 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 a centrifuge casca.de, only 10-15 percent of LITTLE BISHOP OP PHILADELPHIA the effort normally needed to rea.ch nuclear MARTIN LUTHER KING CHILD bomb grade uranium woUld be required. This RECEIVES SAINTHOOD CARE CENTER 1s because 85-90 percent of the work needed t-o enrich natural uranium to weapons grade 1s already expended in bringing the natural HON. RAYMOND F. LEDERER HON. RICHARD L. OTTINGER uranium to the 3-4 percent enrichment level. OF PENNSYLVANIA OF NEW YORK In simple terms, thls means that a rela· IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tively small centrifuge plant using 3 percent emiched material as feed would be able to Tuesday, June 21, 1971 Tuesday, June 21, 1977 "jump" the uranium to a weapons grade Mr. LEDERER. Mr. Speaker, at this Mr. OTI'INGER. Mr. Speaker, on level with modest effort. Of course, if even time yesterday morning, I was in st. Saturday, June 11, I had the privilege higher enriched material, say at a level of 20 percent or above were available as feed, Peter's Basilica in Rome, completing my of attending a reception at the Martin an even smaller number of gas centrifuges 2~-day stay in the Eternal City. I com­ Luther King Child Care Center which is located in a smaller area would be able to pleted my stay by attending a concele­ sponsored by the New Rochelle Commu­ produce weapons grade material. brated Mass at the altar of St. Leo. nity Action Agency. I would like to take Today, a number of free world countries The Mass was concelebr&ted by the Rev­ this opportunity to commend the execu­ are involved in research ·and development erend Monsignor Charles E. McGroarty, tive director, Napoleon Holmes, the edu­ or construction of centrifuge machines which S.TL., and Rev. Robert P. Lepleiter. A cation director. Linda Lattimer, and the are capable of producing bomb grade mate­ terrific staJf for their perseverance and rial precisely as just described. These in· unique experience at the Mass was that elude the U.S., West Germany, the Nether­ I was joined by an American girl named creativity in making this program a suc­ lands, Japan and Austraua. This, of course, Eileen, a man and wife from Czechoslo­ cess; they have done wonders. does not mean that these nations are under· vakia-behind the Iron Curtain-from At this time I would like to share with taking to create nuclear bomb material. that area of Bohemia where America's my colleagues an article from the New Many other countries have the capabutty newest saint, John Nepomucene Neu­ Rochelle Standard Star which describes to bulld centrifuges of the 1960 or later mann, was born. the day care program in detaU: Vintage for a nuclear weapons material I traveled to Rome to be present on MARTIN LUTHER KING CHILD CAKE CENTER capabllity if they so desire. It should be pointed out that one of the factors inhibit­ Sunday. June 19, at St. Peter's Basilica (By Harriet Edleson) ing the use of gas centrifuges in the civilian for the solemn canonization of John Ne­ The Martin Luther King Child Care Center nuclear power program ls the fact that they pomucene Neumann, the first American is alive and running smoothly at 95 Lincoln have not yet been demonstrated to be eco­ citizen male saint. Ave. in New Rochelle. nomically viable as a source of nuclear fueL His Holiness, Pope Paul VI, pro­ Slnce the New Rochelle Community Action However, we should not confuse economics claimed: Agency, (CAA), took over the funding of the With the capabllity of a nat ion to produce facUlty from the city 1n September, 1976, the gas centrifuge machines for the purpose of "He (Bishop Neumann) was close to the center has undergone several changes, all m aking weapons grade material. The capital sick, he was at home with the poor, was a positive according to Napoleon Holmes, ex• investment needed !or a small weapons­ friend to_sinner, and today is the honor of ecutive director ot CAA. oriented centrifuge enrichment plant 1s not all immigrants. Enrollment has increased !rom appr~l­ great. The United States, for example, could I join with my brother and sister mately 40 to 55 youngsters a new director, have built a small centrifuge enrichment Linda Lattimer, ls at the helm, and breakfast plant capable of producing weapons grade Philadelphians in a feeling of pride and has been added to the regular dally schedule. uranium based on the technology avallable spiritualism which we will carry with us The educational quality of the facllity has in the 1960's, but had no reason to do so. for the rest of our lives. It is a feeling also improved, Holmes said. Since our national policy is to control all that I can never convey in a speech or on The chlldren take more trips to such aspects o! the proliferation of nuclear weap­ paper. places as the city's firehouse and the Bronx ons, the centrl!uge route for weapons ma­ Zoo, and even have appeared on television's I pay special tribute to his Eminence "Romper Room." terial cannot be ignored. A small enrichment John Cardinal Krol, the Reverend Mon­ plant does not have the problem of handling But the child care center ts the only day radioactive fission products and the dlmcul­ signor James C. McGrath, J.P.D., the care facility 1n the city which does not have tles of dealing With power reactor grade Fathers Graham, Sister Victoria Nolan, an independent source of funds, according plutonium that are inherent in breeder re­ Rev. Francis Litz, C.SS.R., the Redemp­ to Holmes. The Community Action Agency, actors and reprocessing plants. torist Order, and the many brothers, which receives federal money from the Com­ nuns, priests, and laity. for their tire­ munity Services Adm.ln1stratlon, (CSA), as This is not to say that centrifuge enrich­ well as funding from the state, county and ment plants are a proll!eration risk. They less etrorts and help in the culmination city, is supporting the center's •120,000 oper­ add to the potential, but this can be con­ of the final step to sainthood of the little ating budget. Holmes sald that the CAA has trolled. The Administration must believe so, bishop of Philadelphia. proposals before CSA and the Department because despite its great concern over pro­ I would like to express my great ap­ of Health, Education and Welfare, for grants liferation, the Administration proposes to preciation to Monsignor McGroarty, to support the center. build several new centrl!uge plants. The key Rev. Father Robert Lepleiter, Father In the interim, he said, "New Rochelle point, however, is that the same argument John P. Collins, FrankL. Rizzo, mayor Community Action Agency provides what can be made for the breeder reactor and ever the care center needs to function." Oth­ reprocessing plants-they add to the pro­ of Philadelphia, Anthony Zecca, deputy er funds come from private contributions liferation potential but they too can be con­ mayor, John Connelly, a nativA busi­ and fund-raising events planned by the trolled by appropriate technical and insti­ nessman, Philadelphia detectives Di­ parents• committee. tutional measures. Why does the Adminis· vine and McGrath, who represented the The center has a capacity of 110 children tratlon fail to recognize thls? If the U.S. city of Philadelphia, and archdiocese so and wUl be able to service that number once develops and builds centrifuge enrichment ably.· I would also like to express my it gets more funding. plants, then that technology will eventually gratitude to :enow Philadelphians, Jules But !or the 55 youngsters ages 2 years, 9 come into widescale use in the same manner Junker, Thomas Kelly, my wife, Eileen, months to 5 years, the center provides a to­ the Admlnlstratlon fears for breeder reactors tal learning environment. and reprocessing plants. Yet, the Admin­ and the thousands of other Philadel­ .. It's an environment for chUdren where istration fears the one and embraces the phians who celebrated in P.hlladelphia. they can have experience with concepts that other. The logic is faulty. In a brief audience on SUnday after they need for later learning," said Linda Lat­ A nonproliferation policy which ignores the canonization, I greeted his Holiness, timer. Mrs. Lattimer. who was educational the enrichment route as a means of obtain­ Pope Paul VI, with warmest wishes from director at the Adam Clayton Powell Early ing weapons materials would give the Amer­ the men and women of good will of the Childhood Center in the Bronx and a teacher ican people a false sense of security. Our pol­ Third Congressional District of Pennsyl­ at the Mount Vernon Day Center, incorpo­ icy must be an active rather than passive vania, which is the home of the Liberty rates a theme 1nto the dally programs at the one that recognizes that reprocessing tech­ Bell, the Basilica of St. Peter and Paul, Martin Luther Klng center. nology is avaUable worldwide, that enrich­ Each week of the school year teachers em­ ment processes are avaUable worldwide, that St. Peter, th~ Apostle Church, where the phasize a different topic with the children breeder reactors are under development remains of John Nepoanucene Neumann after breakfast. Voca.bulary, health and safe­ worldwide, and that all countries want to be rests. Mr. Speaker, indeed the American ty, animals, parts of the body, colors and· less dependent than they have been on 1m­ church is proud. The legend of my boy­ shapes, numbers, holidays and letters are ports of energy. hood is today a reality. among the themes. June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20203 The teacher Introduces the theme and THROWING THE BABY OUT WITH the unit is going to be re-established and works with the youngtters at their own level. THE BATH WATER-ETmOPIA sent to another country. During work time the chlldren have a EJECTS NAVY MEDICAL TEAM The Navy also has medical research units in choice of five areas Including art, blocks, the Cairo, Taipei and Jakarta. doll corner, the library corner and a play area. "It's (the program) learning through HON. LARRY Md)ONALD playing and doing," said Mrs. Lattimer. "The OF GEORG:IA children act out rela.tlonships tn the doll BUILD THE B-1 corner. They act out feelings which are im­ IN THE BOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES portant for emotional growth." Tuesday, June 21, 1977 In the play area they experience colors and HON. STEVEN D. SY~ textures. "They have the freedom to create," Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, one of OF IDAHO she continued. the finer contributions our Navy has The parents whose children attend the made over the years has been the work IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES center also have easy access to other services of its naval medical research units over Tuesday, June 21, 1977 provided by the Community Action Agency, stnce both are located tn the same building. the w.orld. These units have advanced Mr. SYMMS. Mr. Speaker, we are all Family planning, the Well-Baby CUnlc, legal the cause of medicine and medical re­ aware of the impending decision regard­ aid, the youth bureau are among the other search in areas where it was sorely ing production of the B-1 strategic components available at the agency. needed. Now one of these units NAMRU- bomber to be made by President Carter "li can serve the total family,'• said Mrs. 5, is a casualty of the new Marxist Gov­ during the next 2 weeks. I have repeated­ Lattimer. ernment of Ethiopia as it attempts to ly encouraged expeditious production of Children come to the chlld care center aa break all ties with the United States. early 7:4:5 and stay until 5:30 p.m. this airplane, for I consider it to be one as a.m. is The hours are geared to working parents. This a shame, but not unusual as of the most vital defense programs un­ There are separate classrooms for 3-year-olds. Marxism wherever it advances brings derway at this time. The B-1 bomber 4-year-olds and 5-year-olds, in addition to death and destruction setting civiliza­ system is the i)nly weapon system ready a general room for all ages with teacher tion backwards. The story from the for production that can prevent the so.. supervision. Navy Times of May 30, 1977, follows: viet Union from achieving an unaccept­ The center plans to expand its kindergar· EVICTED BY ETHIOPIA-FATE OF NAMRU 5 able margin of strategic superiority over ten a day-long program in cooperation to UNDECIDED BY NAVY the United States in the 1984-86 time with the New Rochelle Public School System. Youngsters who haYe completed the program (By ~mary Puxcell) period. wl1l be eligible tor flrst grade. Although no WASHINGTON.-Exactly what is going to An editorial entitled "Build the B-1" transportation system eXists, the board of happen to Naval Medical Research Unit 5, by Edward J. Walsh came to my atten­ directors hopes to Institute bua service aa one of ftve U.S. mllitary activities ordered tion recently, and I would commend it soon as func11ng permits. out of Ethiopia last month, hasn't been to my colleagues in Congress and urge decided. their support for this e1Jort: Offtc1als told Navy Times that they don't know the fate of the eqUipment left behind, Bun.D THE B-1 (By Edward J. Walsh) IN nor could they say what is going to happen SUPPORT OF HOUSE to the research projects that were being con­ The recent observance of the 50th anni­ RESOLUTION 88 ducted by NAMRU 5. versary of Charles Lindbergh's first trans­ The unit employed 69 people-eight Navy atlantic flight stirred the imagination of the medical oJilcers, six enlisted, two civilians, 52 American people, not with the boisterous fan­ HON. AUSTIN J. MURPHY Ethiopian nationals and one British national. fare of Lindy's reception in Parts, but with 01" PENNSYLVANIA The administrative officer o! the unit and a kind of reverence, which is an acknowledge­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES a chief hospital corpsmen were allowed to ment of greatness, mellowed by time. But the stay a few days to close the facllity and pack vast growth in the world o! flight which Lind­ Tuesday, June 21, 1977 "non-fixed" eqUipment and research data.. bergh pioneered was celebrated in a dl:lferent Mr. MURPHY of Penns:vlvania. 1\-Ir. The equipment was shipped to the U.S. Em­ way that same week, with the awarding o! Speaker, I rise in support of House Reso­ bassy tn Addis Ababa, a Navy spokesman the prestigious Colller Trophy for excellence As said. in aviation to the men and women of Rock­ lution 88. a citizen of Irish-American NAMRU 5 was established in 1965 by agree­ well International Corporation, the designers descent. I am disturbed whenever I read ment between the United States and the and builders or America's newest strategic or hear about the violation of human Ethiopian governments !or a cooperative pro­ weapon in the defense of freedom, the B-1 rights in Ulster. To think that the United gram of medical research. manned bomber. States, the country which champions the The base laboratory was on the grounds of It was Lindbergh the man who impressed cause of human rights and that has been the Central Laboratory and Research Insti­ our national consciousness; he himself said so good to the Irish people, is involved tute in Addis Ababa. A 22-bed clinical re­ that plenty of pilots could have made his is even more disturbing. I would like to search unlt was supported and sta:lfed by the landmark flight with a plane as reliable as U.S. Navy under separate arrangement in ad­ the Spirit of St. Louis. But Lindbergh's love take this time to .share with my col­ jacent St. Paul's Hospital. A permanent fteld of freedom, so aptly celebrated, is shared by leagues in the House the following reso­ station was maintained at Gambela, a town the men who built the B-1in this supersonic lution of the Pittsburgh City Council in in the southwestern lowlands of Ethiopia. age, to fly at twice the speed of sound, or support of House Resolution 88: The unit's mission was to conduct research within 200 feet of the earth at 600 mlles per RESOLUTION No. 457 and development on infectious diseases in hour. Whereas, the people of Pittsburgh believe sub-Saharan Africa. The unit and its per­ The B-1 program was conceived by Rock­ and well tn recognition of America's need for a tn the preservation of human rights for all sonnel were unique to Ethiopia filled a men and women; and need !or vital epidemiological and medical re­ new bomber to serve tn the keeping of peace. Whereas, the popUlation of Pittsburgh is search in the country. In conjunction with Intercontinental balitstlc NAMRU 5's personnel not only were In­ missiles (ICBM) and submarine-launched made up of a ftriety of ethnic groups in­ eluding Irish-American; and. volved as consultants, but they held faculty missiles (SLBM), the manned. bomber forms positions at the University and served on a crucial "Triad" of strategic weapons systems Whereas, our nation is calling on the Bouse Ministry of Public Health., Ethiopian Medical which sensible Russians know cannot be de­ Committee on International Relations of the Association and related committees. feated. Of the three, the bomber has the ob­ House of Representatives to hold hearings on The opportunities for research in so-called vious advantage of recallabillty: lta launch possible American Involvement tn the con- does not aignal the outbreak of war, but can 1l1ct In Northern Ireland; tropical and subtropical infectious diseases are unlimited tn Ethiopia. prevent it. And the B-1 can do 1t best. Now, therefore, be It Among some of the unit's research pro­ Currently, our bomber force is composed of Resolved, That the CouncU of the City of grams were epidemiology of parasitic and the lumbering B-52, nearly thirty years old Pittsburgh fully urges the House of Repre­ arthropodborne viral diseases, the evalua­ and highly vulnerable to modern SoViet anti­ sentatives to adopt Resolution 88 so that the tion of drug susceptibll1ty of malaria para­ aircraft defenses; and the PB-111, a smaller, House Committee on International Relations sites, malaria vaccine field trialS, pathophys­ faster plane which, however, cannot reach the can determine U 11.11y omctals, agencies, or tn­ iology and therapy of typhus fever, louse­ Soviet Union from the United States. In the strumentaUtles of the federal government are borne relapsing fever, and other tropical in­ 19808. these aircraft wl1l not provide a believ­ directly or indirectly involved tn the hostlli­ fectious diseases of mtlltary Importance. able deterrent to an aggressive Soviet Polit­ tles tn Northern Ireland and to det-ermine The mllitary personnel who were attached buro. In a nutshell, reliance on the B-52 and the nature and extent of any such involve­ to NAMRU 5 have been ordered to new duty the FB-111 for much longer will endanger a.n ment. stations. At press time it was not ltnown U already sb..B.ky peace. CXXIII--1271-Part 16 20204: EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 The B-1 can do the job; it can scare the With the "Bacltftre" the Soviets are pre­ arrest wrote a letter of protest and went to Russians. Although smaller than the B-52, pared for the possiblllty of nuclear war. It the m111tia omces 1n order to explain Kislik's it can carry twice as many bombs and mis­ is therefore not unreasonable that America complete innocence. As an answer, each one siles: being smaller, it uses less fuel, and should be able to convince them that war of these people was called in separately and flies twice as fast. In addition, the B-1 pos­ would be a bad idea. This is the objective of told that all who would sign the letter would sesses a unique new terrain following guid­ the B-1 program. The grim reality is that, in be dismissed from work immediately. The ance system which enables it to fly near the this dangerous world of ours, a substantial letter of protest remained unsigned. ground at high speeds, avoiding detection by investment must be made in national de­ At present, Kisllk cannot stay in his apart­ enemy radar, and thus vastly increasing the fense. The Soviet "Backfire" bomber, which ment and cannot find work. The atmosphere probab111ty of completing its assigned mis­ easUy outperforms both American bombers surrounding Kislik is full of insults, the aim sion. now in use, is nonetheless inferior to Rock­ of which is to break the willpower of a man Unfortunately, the defense of freedom and well's B-1. And, as we ponder the question who has decided to go to Israel. During the the maintenance of peace, which are the ulti­ President Carter asks rhetorically in his au­ years of his studies in the Institute he en­ mate goals of the B-1 program, are not popu­ tobiography, "Why Not the Best?", it's useful countered expressions of anti-Semitism. lar these days with some of the most power­ to consider a comment by Rockwell's unflap­ Though one of the best students, he was sent ful lobbies in Washington. WhUe polls have pable B-1 test pUot, former A1r Force Colonel oo work in far away Chelyabinsk. Kisllk was consistently demonstrated the support of the Charles C. Bock, Jr., who, responsing to the not accepted for the post-graduate course in American people as a whole for a stronger shrill charges of the anti-B-1 crowcl, said Moscow and he did his PhD by corresprond­ national defense, more than twenty separate simply: "We can't be hurt by the truth.'• ence. Having worked in Kiev Institute of Nu­ organiZations have pledged to oppose produc­ clear Research, Kislik wrote more than ten tion of the B-1, ancl have expressed them- scientific papers but his name was mentioned selves vociferously in the streets, in the last in these papers and in some of the most media, and in the halls of Congress. Spear­ THE KISLIK FAMILY recent, his name did not appear at all. The headed by the Amei'ican Friends .COmmittee, decision to leave the USSR for Israel was a which &tlll defends the bloody communist difficult one for Kisllk to make, but it was a regimes in Vietnam and Cambodia, the op- HON. DOUGLAS WALGREN firm decision and no force will make him ponents of the B-1 endanger the cause of OF PENNSYLVANIA change it. peace by pretending to espouse it. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The case against the B-1 is wrongheaded The sufferings of the Kislik family are and, occasionally, hypocritical. While no one Tuesday, June 21, 1977 indeed unfair. Their hardships explicity denies the bomber's many-faceted effective- Mr. WALGREN. Mr. Speaker, all of the portray facts about the disgrace of Soviet ness as a strategic weapon, the anti-B-1 nations who signed the Helsinki Final justice. It is our obligation, one which we forces point to the cost of the plane, a com- Act, including the Soviet Union, pledged must never forget, to record and docu­ plex subject, and employ a variety of slick to do everything possible to reunite !ami­ ment the unjust sufferings of divided arguments simply to claim that it is not needed. lies separated by political boundaries. families, and to aid them in their struggle on the matter of cost, the B-1, at $77.7 Because the Soviet Union is not living to reunite. I hope that our vigil here will million per plane in 1986 dollars, is expensive. up to that promise, Members of Congress help, to some extent, to ful1Ul that solemn But critics forget, or ignore the fact that are conducting a vigil on behalf of the obligation. airplanes, like other commodities, are sub- families who remain separated. ject to lnfiation, and pollttcally-motivated At this time, I would like to bring to delays in the program have driven costs up tt t· h substantially. In light of the crucial need for a en 10n t e situation of the Kislik AN EMIGRANT'S ODE TO THE the plane from a no-nonsense standpoint of family. . STATUE OF LmERTY national defense, a prompt decision to build Three years ago, the authorities told it would ultimately result in lower costs, as - Vladmir Kislik, "Your wife and child may - the ravages of inflation are · mitigated. As _ go to Israel, but you will have to stay." of now, 88 percent of the cost increases in The. reason for such refusal was due to HON. BRUCE F. VENTO the program since 1970 have been due to in- the secret classification of his former job OF MINNESOTA fiation. The other 12 percent, due to design as a metallurgical engineer. Wanting changes and overruns which Rockwell freely IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES concedes, is nevertheless a defense industry their child to grow up in Israel, the Tuesday, June 21, 1977 record low. Kisliks decided to accept the enforced The fact is that Rockwell's B-1 program separation which they hoped would only Mr. VENTO. Mr. Speaker, I would like is nothing 1f not economical. Suggested al- be a temporary one. Unable to work in to have this poem, "An Emigrant's Ode tei'natives, for example, that the B-52 fleet his :field because of his application to be to the Statute of Liberty," which was be modernized, or that transport planes be reunited with his wife and son, Kislik written by Patrick J. McCourt, a charm­ "armed" with cruise missiles, are far more · · d f th J 1n Ki costly than the B-1, and far less effective. JO!De our 0 er ews ev who pro- ing Saint Paul, Minn., Irish gentleman, Rockwell estimates that fitting the B-52s tested with a 24-hour hunger strike dur­ inserted in today's CONGRESSIONAL with new engines would cost $40 million ing the 25th International Communist REcoRD. I think it is a beautiful tribute per plane, wl~hout .providing the .capab1lities Party Congress. to this country and reminds us of the of the B-1 to conserve fuel, avoid enemy Without work, without family, Kisllk faith and trust which are the basis of defenses, and return home safely. The lives keeps his spirits up by conducting a pri­ America: of the crews, it seems, are not a considera- vate seminar on problems of science and "AN EMIGRANT'S ODE TO THE STAT'O"B OJ' tion in the arguments of the B-1 critics. technology. Now he has been warned to LmERTY" The idea that noncombatant aircraft, even "discontinue it" or face imprisonment. In Beautiful lady in the sky more defenseless than the B-52, can be May 7 , after speakm'g to his wife m· loaded with cruise missiles and sent on 19 6 Whose torch of life is held on high kamikaze missions is equally pernicious. Israel, his phone was disconnected. Lighting the way for • better day Heavy transport planes are slow to take o1f, His wife. Yevgenia Kislik, has made For all of us who came your way! even on alert, and could conceivably be this statement from Israel which genu­ You may be hew'd from genuine marble destroyed with their nuclear cargoes before inely portrays the tragedy. pain, and in­ But your heart is a heart of gold getting off the ground. The B-1. toughened justices plaguing this family: And you are an angel of Freedom to withstand a nuclear :ftrestorm, can be in It is already over two years since Vladmir Most gracious to behold the air within minutes from short runways Kisllk applied for the permit of the Sovit:G By all of us emigrants at remote airfields throughout the U.S. th The case for full-scale production of the au orities to leave for Israel. At present, he Regardless if we were young or old. has been living in an atmosphere of survell­ B-1is supported by the facts: technological, lance and harassment. Whether we came from Russia, Italy. economic, and strategic. Recently, a U.S. In the middle of October (1974) Kisllk was Poland, Israel, Scandinavia, Greece, Navy task force o1f the coast of Florida was arrested by KGB agents dressed in civll1an Germany, or County Cork badly surprised when a Soviet "Bear" turbo- clothes laying in wait near his home As soon Our hearts were gently warmed prop bomber zoomed in low overhead, un- as Kisllk came near the house one of the By the skyline of New York. detected by Navy radar. The "Bear" shuttles women living there ran outside shouting, As we approached your harbor nonstop regularly from Moscow to Havana, "You, Israeli spy, traitor, I'll see to it you We realized at a glance yet is not the Russians• best aircraft. The shall slt ln prison for five years." At tohls very What a wonderful gift to America Soviets themselves have a new strategic moment the men who were waiting for Klsllk From her kindly frlencls ln France; bomber, the supersonic "Backfire:• already showed their documents and took hlm away When first we touched our weary feet in production, and U.S. tntelllgence estimates to the m111tia offices ... Upon your blessed land are that 75-100 Backfires are currently in The preparations for arrest were so obvious Even your nightly shadows service. that a group of people who witnessed the Welcomed us with open hand. June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20205 It 1s an unfortunate but apt cUche that press our sympathy. Their sense of loss We looked toward the sky with a Joyful the issues 1n southern Africa cannot be silent tear is shared by all of us whose lives were viewed 1n strict ,terms of black and white. touched by this unique individual. As our hearts cried out to Heaven, And the shades of gray in the moral realm "Thank God! Thank God I are accompanied by a strong tinge of red in We are really here I" the political developments which the West's hesitant pollcles are encouraging. President Carter has conceded that the THE UNITED STATES AND HUMAN United States has to be "selective" in raising RIGHTS AGONIZING CHOICE IN AFRICA human rights issues in d11ferent areas of for­ eign pollcy. The selection of the right amount of pressure to place on South Africa or the HON. PHILIP M. CRANE HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO beleaguered white regime in Rhodesia, in the 01' ILLINOIS OJ' CALD'OltNIA face of Soviet ambitions to capitalize on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES racial unrest, demands the most cautious Judgment, and may pose for the United Tuesday, June 21, 1977 Tuesday, June 21, 1977 States an agonizlng choice between the lesser of two evils. Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, last week, Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I the leaders of 35 nations met in Belgrade would like to bring to the attention of to review global efforts on the part of my colleagues the following editorial, each nation With respect to the 1975 Hel­ which appeared in the Oxnard, calif.. MANUEL P. COHEN sinki Accords and each nation's respon­ Press Courier. June 3, 1977. The editorial sibility on the basic issue of human analyzes the choices for the Carter ad­ rights. Although much has been said and ministration in developing its policy for HON. JOHN E. MOSS written on the subject of human rights southern Africa: OF CALIFORNIA and the part it must play in a nation's AGONIZING CHOICE IN AFluCA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES foreign and domestic policy, inconsist­ President Carter has placed a commitment Tuesday, June 21, 1977 ency in this regard has proven to be of to the cause of human rights at the head detrimental value to the nations that do of the Ust of guiding principles of his for­ Mr. MOSS. Mr. Speaker, it was with not apply their ideology uniformly and eign policy. To emphasize that this means a great sadness that I learned of the death equally. break with the past, he declared in his Notre of Manuel F. Cohen last Thursday. I would like to share with my col­ Dame commencement address: "We are now Those of us who were privileged to know free of that inordinate fear of communism leagues an article which appeared on Manny are going to miss him very much. June 12, 1977, by William Randolph which once led us to embrace any dictator Manny Cohen represented all that is who joined us in our fear." Hearst entitled "The U.S. and Human Obviously, Americans can be prouder of a . good about America. Born in Brooklyn, Rights": policy based on positive values and objectives the son of a milk truck driver, Manny THE U.S. AND HUMAN RIGHTS reached the very pinnacle of a world that than one that is fearful and defensive. Pre­ (By William Randolph Hearst, Jr.) sumably, that is what the President had in is usually reserved for those with a more mind. luxurious upbringing. After going to law NEw YoRK.-The leaders of 35 nations wm As far as results are concerned, a policy meet in Belgrade starting Wednesday­ school at night, Manny joined the sta1f among them the United States and the Soviet that thwarts Communist ambitions is likely of the Securities and Exchange Commis­ to do more for human rights than one that Union-for the purpose of reviewing t"'ne does not. A tyra.nnlcal disregard for human sion in 1942, and rose through the ranks 1975 Helsinkl accords on European security, rights 1s a characteristic of all the Com­ to become its chairman ·under President which contains certain guarantees on human munist regimes that the Soviet Union has Johnson-the only person ever to ac­ rights. This 1s the provision that has oc­ helped establish, and the "Cold War" pollcy complish this feat. As chairman, Manny cupied such a dominant role in the evolving of oonta.1n1ng communism was not as devoid had a profound impact on the board foreign policy of the Carter admlnistratton. of a moral basis as President Carter seems to rooms and counting houses of our coun­ The conference w1l1 provide the first nose­ be suggesting. try. That impact was always directed at to-nose confrontation of Washington and While Carter was reviewing his po11cy at Moscow on a public platform since President South Bend, two of his emtssa.rtes-Vice protecting the little guy from the abuses Carter assigned human rights his top priority President Walter Mondale and United Na­ of those who were more powerful. shortly after taking o.mce. It w1l1 follow what tions Ambassador Andrew Young-were try­ Manny appeared before us on many can only be described as a good deal of push­ ing to convey U.S. concern for human rights occasions, and was never at a loss for ing and shoving behind the facade of stolid­ in southern Africa. · words. Indeed, Manny had an answer for ity maintained by the two global giants. Young ended a sweep through black Afri­ everything, and his testimony was almost While increasing numbers of friends of the can capitals with a tense visit to the strong­ always instructive. But more than miss­ United States confess frankly their bewilder­ hold of apartheid, the Republic of South ing Manny Cohen the expert, we will ment at the President's sharp emphasis on Africa, where he warned the whites in power human rights to the exclusion of other prob­ that their racial policies eventually would miss Manny Cohen the man. More than lems and seek clues as to what our real for­ isolate them and bring them down. Mondale the wisdom, we wll1 miss the wit, the eign policy Js as it relates to black Africa, presumably conveyed the same message to charm, and the enormous zest for life for Instance, or the Middle East, or the Prime Minister John Vorster in Vienna, displayed by this man. I can recall when foundering economies in Europe, a definite though with less than Young's evangelical we would be discussing a very complex response seems to be shaping up in the Krem­ fervor. point and the analysis became quite eso­ lin. Mondale had to recognize that the Vorster teric, Manny would grin and wink and This counter-move by the Kremlin, which government may yet be the instrument to can surface at Belgrade, may seek to link nudge Ian Smith into a timely and blood­ say that the argument at that point be­ human rights activists inside Russia with less transition to majority rule in Rhodesia, came quite "Talmudic." You did not have illegal activities of the Central Intell1gence and to settle the future of Namibia with bal­ to be Jewish to grasp his meaning. Agency, an effort to bring worldwide embar­ lots instead of bullets. South Africa can be When Manny finally left the public rassment to the U.S. a moderating and stablllzlng lnfiuence in service and entered the private practice In addition, The Hearst Newspapers' White that region even 1f its government is resist­ of law, he quickly became the lawyer's House correspondent, John P. Wallach, has ing U.S. pressure to speed up a political and lawyer, the expert's expert. But even at learned that Soviet lead~r Leonid Brezhnev social evolution away from apartheid. will appear before the Supreme Soviet to de­ Manny Subjecting the white governments of this stage of his life, continued to fend his sudden firing of President Nikolai South Africa and Rhodesia to tougher eco­ give of himself. Today, for example, a Podgorny on the basis that Podgorny was nomic sanctions, as black leaders are urging, distinguished group that has been known an "enemy of detente" who attempted to would isolate and weaken them, to be sure. as the "Cohen Commission" wm meet to blame Moscow's increasing human rights And it could be done in the name of human hold public hearings on proposed major problems on the 1975 Helsinki accords. rights. changes in the accounting profession. Key man 1n the Kremlin's force play ts But, what then? Manny was looking forward to those Russta.n dissident Anatoly Sharansky, 29 Any such action would only leave their years old and a Jew, who, according to a black popUlations prey to the strongest and hearings-he thought that there were Moscow prosecutor w1ll be tried for treason, most m111tant of nationalist movements­ things to be done and, characteristically, a crime that can be punished by death be­ those prepared to assert their power with he wanted to get on with it. fore a firing squard. The Kremlin spokesman the backing of Soviet arms and Cuban To Manny's wife, Pauline, and to his alluded also to a link between Sharansky and troops. children, Susan and Jonathan, we ex- the CIA. It evoked memories of the anti- 20206 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 American trial of U-2 Pilot Francis Gary Valerie Giscard d'Estaing sought unsuccess­ sity, the Colorado School of Mines, the Powers in 1960, and raised the spectre of a fully to convince President Carter that the Denver Federal Center, and many resi­ repeat performance of that nasty episode. u.'s. has responsibiUties to help the pro­ There is here, on the eve of the Belgrade Western anti-Marxist regimes in black Africa. dential communities. This corridor is also conference, the first tangible effort by a Falling to make out a case with Carter, the the home of Martin-Mariettar-where major power to discredit Carter's human French President has been active in both the Viking space vehicle was built-the rights campaign. If Moscow continues to east and west Africa in bringing aid and sup­ headquarters of Johns-Manville, Coors, "expose" its dissidents as spies for the United port to the harassed anti-leftist regimes that Ball Bros. Research Corp., a major mM States, it will just about neutralize any issue wish to stand with the Western World, but installation, and an increasing number of human rights. "Spiest -'-real spies, that are receiving no other support from the West. of clean, high technology industries. is-are not accorded sue~ things as human One would think we should have learned rights. ;. our lesson in Angola, where we turned our The story of how the SERI site came to The whole issue of the violation of human back on appeals for help from the anti­ Colorado illustrates the care which rights is, of course, based on the most noble Marxist forces and surrendered that country ERDA exercised for this important proj· of ideaJs. No one can possibly deny, as an and its vital military base to the Soviet and ect. On March 15, 1976, ERDA officials ultimate worldwide goal, the sanctity of Cuba. distributed a request for proposals solic­ human rights for all people. It must be ad­ Just as it is wrong to view Africa's prob­ iting responses for a proposed manage­ mitted, however, that Mr. Carter's posture in lems as merely black or white, it is improper ment-operations plan for SERI. Twelve this area is confusing. to believe that any other diplomatic issues The Administration became downright are clearly defined as black or white-and hundred copies of the RFP were sent to churlish in condemning a half-dozen Latin that includes the issue of human rights. the States and various organizations American nations for human rights viola­ Things are just not all that simple. which might be interested in submitting tions, but seeks to establish diplomatic rela­ such a proposal. A well-attended confer­ tions with both Cuba and Hanoi where hu­ ence was heir. in Washington, D.C., on man lives-never mind human rights­ April 15, 1976, to talk to the potential have small value. We forge ahead with dip­ SOLAR ENERGY RESEARCH proposers about SERI. lomatic relations with Red China which is quite possibly the world's record-holder in INSTITUTE What ERDA officials described as political deaths and ideological incarcera­ "timely proposals" were received last tions, whlle wagging our finger at Russia, July 15 from 20 organizations. Several many of whose dissidents have vocal friends HON. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH proposals were received later, but they back in the U.S. or otheT Western capitals. OF COLORADO were found to be unresponsive to ERDA's What troubles the world, and should IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES request. trouble our own diplomatic corps, is this Tuesday, June 21, 1977 Those making proposals had to meet nation's inconsistency about human rights. certain requirements established by the We are not applying our pressure evenly. In Mr. WffiTH. Mr. Speaker, as you some respects we're like bull-headed drivers Government: Work had to start by July know, Colorado has been selected as the l, 1977; the proposing entity had to agree who elect to be clobbered so we can main­ site of the new Federal Solar Energy Re· tain our right of way. to be dedicated solely to the manage­ For example, in a speech that was virtually seai'ch Institute. ment and operation of SERI and accept ignored by the press last week, Robert S. As you can imagine, I am excited work solely at the direction of ERDA. In Strauss, Mr. Carter's special trade represent­ about this and proud that Colorado was addition, agreement in principle had to ative, told 200 bankers, consuls and UN chosen for this important new project. be reached on draft contract terms and ambassadors that in Mr. Carter's system of Solar energy holds enormous potential conditions, an acceptable equal employ· priorities, the fostering of human rights for America's future. Not only is it an abroad comes ahead of expanding American ment opportunity program had to exist, abundant source of energy, but is is one agreement had to be made that ERDA foreign trade. im· This statement startled many of the in­ which will have significant positive would direct the project, appropriate ternational business leaders in attendance, pact on our environment and our econ· conflict of interest provisions in the con­ for they know how many countries-those in omy. tract had to be accepted, proof of the the so-called Second WorlQ. as well as in the Because I have received so many in· capability of furnishing an initial and Third World-are eagerly awaiting expanded quiries on SERI, I would like to share optional future site for SERI had to be U.S. trade to solve many of their problems. with my colleagues some facts about They wonder, for instance, if the human shown, and necessary certifications and SERI, a historical perspective on how representations had to be made. right of free expression transcends the hu­ it came about, and some prospects for man right to eat, and which, in the order of ERDA's Source Evaluation Board­ priorities, should come first. the immediate future. SEB-formally presented initial findings The Carter people have been dabbling at SERI will be an important addition to to ERDA's Administrator last October 5. foreign policy for six months now, and it Colorado's economy. It is estimated the seems to me that it may be time to wonder project will involve $4 to $6 million in The SEB's initial evaluation was based if our leaders are not being too simplistic in spending during the first year, $7 to $12 solely on its analysis of the written their great pronouncements. There has been million in the second year, and $10 to $20 proposals. an uncommon amount of gear-shifting and million in the third year. ERDA believed that, to get the best back-tracking on the part of too many of According to officials of the Energy Re­ manager-operator for SERI, oral and the leaders wbo are supposed to be speaking written communications should take for all of us. These amenders of statements search and Development Administra· range from the President, himself to our tion-ERDA-up to 75 professional place with 19 of the proposers. This oc­ tongue-tumbling ambassador to the UN, staffers will be employed initially at the curred between last November 3 and this Andrew Young. facility. That nwnber could rise eventu­ January 19. During this period, each Diplomacy 1s a difficult art. Most of all it ally to 500 depending upon funding, na­ proposal underwent a cost analysis, ref· is predicated on the principle in physics that tional priorities, and SERI's perform­ erence check and an in-depth study of for every action there is an equal and op­ ance. management and technical capabilities. posite reaction. Increasingly, an observer of the Carter operation has the feeling that our The Institute's personnel will be head­ February 11 was set for the final sub­ spokesmen and pollcymakers are not gauging quartered for up to 5 years in a newly mission of all information to the SEB. or estimating prospective reactions. developed office park just outside of Den· which then completed final evaluation, There 1s reason to believe that we have ver, known as Denver West. Construc­ ranking the various proposals. The Col­ booted our responsibllity in Africa, probably tion of the permanent SERI site-atop orado proposal leQ the list, followed by because of our oversimplified thinking, to a 300-acre plateau above Golden-is an Arizona, New England, California, New the extent that some of our ames will now option which can be exercised by ERDA Mexico, Michigan, and the others. have to ball us out. anytime during the first 5 years. The ERDA officials said that throughout It is obviously the opinion of Ambassador Young, as well as of his boss, President Car­ property for the Institute will be donated the evaluation and ranking, the pro· ter. that the basic issue in Africa is black to the Federal Government by the State posals fell into three distinct groups, but versus white. And that since blacks are in of Colorado, if the option is exercised. that there were "two clearly superior" the majority, they must, perforce, ultimately The location offers numerous advan­ proposals-Colorado's and Arizona's. win in any showdown for power. There is, tages. Situated west of Denver on the The two proposals were close to one however, much more to it than that. Front Range corridor at the foot of the another in quality, the SEB said, but Paris correspondent Bernard D. Kaplan, in Rockies, it offers good access to Staple­ indicated that the strengths of the one a dispatch to The Hearst Newspapers, re­ ton International Airport, the Univer­ submitted by Colorado and the Mid­ vealed a few days ago that French President sity of Colorado, Colorado State Univer- west Research Institute-MRI-made it June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20207 the best. The SEB cited "sufficient dis­ and praise of a host of his fellow Penn­ o! Dr. Waldheim and agreement was reached criminators," including Midwest's "sec­ sylvanians. on resuming talks in Vienna and Nicosia. The Mr. Speaker, I am proud to call David talks were held in Vienna in April and in ond tier" of management, as one reason Nicosia a !ew days ago, and again no progress for Colorado's No. 1 ranking. Frees my friend and to add my sincere was registered. For, he said, it became clear A word about Midwest Research Insti­ congratulations and appreciation for a that the Turkish-Cypriot side was using mil­ tute is in order, here, Mr. Speaker. MRI job well done. itary !orce to impose an agreement that is an independent, nonprofit organiza­ would be tantamount to partition, in spite tion which is headquartered in Kansas o! guidelines agreed on with Mr. Denkta.sh City, Mo. Midwest Research, which per­ on the establishlilent o! a federal state ad­ forms research for industry, Govern­ ARCHBISHOP MAKARIOS, PRESI­ mlnlstered by a central government that ment, foundations and other public and DENT OF CYPRUS, ADDRESSES would ensure the unity o! the Island. It was Private groups through a number of COMMONWEALTH HEADS OF GOV­ now clear that the aim was that the Turkish­ ERNMENT CONFERENCE held northern part o! the Island, the so­ different divisions will operate SERI as called "Turkish-Cypriot Federal State," a separate, autonomous division. should either remain as a Turkish protec­ ERDA officials said that MRI's pro­ HON. JOSHUA EILBERG torate or be annexed to Turkey. posal ranked first in both senior man­ President Makarios said that although the agement and in other key personnel OF PENNSYLVANIA U.N. had repeatedly made efforts to settle areas, second in the operation plan and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Cyprus crisis by passing certain resolu­ procedures and third in organization. In Tuesday, June 21, 1977 tion, and many countries had tried either separately or collectively to persuade Turkey manpower resources, the Colorado-MRI Mr. EIT..BERG. Mr. Speaker, during the proposal again ranked No. 1. Also cited to adopt an attitude of moderation, persist­ course of the recent Commonwealth ent Turkish intransigence had blocked all as a major strength of the proposal was Heads of Government Conference in chances of agreement. He stressed that it the fact that the proposed director of London, Archbishop Makarios, President should always be borne in mind that Turkish the institute had solar experience, and of the Republic of Cyprus, spoke out in action in Cyprus constituted an aggression that MRI had important industrial, gen­ very strong terms about the continuing that violated basic universal principles and eral management and research manage­ human rights, and that lt was the duty of all ment experience. In sum, ERDA officials crisis in his country. countries to defend such principles. said that the proposal had "no major Those of us in the Congress who have The Archbishop made it clear that there weaknesses." for so long championed the cause of a was only one adminlstratlon in Cyprus, Mr. Speaker, as I have said, the pros­ free Cyprus, and those of us in the Con­ namely the Cypriot government, which was pects for the future are exciting. Those gress who have for so long fought the internationally recognized. The puppet ad­ battle for human rights, will be deeply minlstration in the Turkish-held part o! the who would like more detailed informa­ moved by the archbishop's remarks, a Island received orders !rom Ankara. He said tion about SERI should write to Mr. Dan Turkish-Cypriots deliberately refused to take Taylor, c/o SERI, 1536 Cole Boulevard, summary of which I place in the RECORD for the edification of my colleagues: part in the Cypriot government because this Golden, Colo. 80401. helped their partition plans. He alsO de­ Again, Mr. Speaker, thank you for The President o! Cyprus, Archbishop nounced Turkish intransigence on the ques­ giving me this opportunity to speak Ma.karios, in his speech before the Common­ tion of missing persons. wealth Conference, denounced Turkey and He expressed the hope that the new Tur­ about SERI-an important part of our the Turkish-Cypriot leadership for trying Nation's quest for energy independence. kish government would use a more con­ to convert the northern part o! Cyprus either structive approach to the Cyprus problem. into a Turkish protectorate or into a part He reca.lled that some countries which had of Turkey ltsel!. tried to help prior to the elections had He warned that the situation in Cyprus claimed that the lack of progress at the TRmUTE TO DAVID M. FREES, JR. was very grave and fraught with danger to peace in the whole of the area, and reiterated latest round of intercommunal talks was due that the Cypriot people would never accept to the elections that were to be held in accomplished facts brought about by the use Turkey. Elections were now over, and the HON. RICHARD T. SCHULZE new Turkish government should take into OF PENNSYLVANIA of force. On the other hand, he said, he was ready to accept a compromise that would not serious account the attitude o! other coun­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES endanger the independence, sovereignty and tries and world public opinion. Tuesday, June 21, 1977 territorial integrity of the Island. President Ma.karios concluded by congra­ The Cypriot President dismissed often re­ tulating Queen Elizabeth on her silver jubi­ Mr. SCHULZE. Mr. Speaker, I am pel.ted Turkish claims about 'oppression' ex­ lee, referring to her as a symbol o! the old proud to share with my colleagues the ercised during the 11-year period before the and new strong ties that held peoples o! accomplishments of one of my con­ Turkish invasion and the alleged 'economic various nationalities closely linked within stituents, David M. Frees, Jr., on the warfare' being waged against Turkish­ the Commonwealth. occasion of his retirement from a long Cypriots. Meanwhile, the Commonwealth Confer­ He quoted parts ot the reports submitted ence spokesman, summing up the debate on and fruitful career of public service as Cyprus, described it as a very constructive a member of the Phoenixville Jaycees. by former U.N. Secretary General, U Thant, and present Secretary General, Kurt Wald­ one. He said, "the views expressed by Presi­ Beginning with the presidency of his heim, which showed conclusively that from dent Ma.karlos were given a warm welcome high school class in 1959, Dave has been 1963 Turkish-Cypriots had chosen to isolate by the majority o! the Commonwealth lead­ an acknowledged leader in his commu­ themselves in their own enclaves not because ers and the Conference adopted two funda­ nity. As a church council member, presi­ of Greek-Cypriot oppression but because the mental principles: the continuation o! the dent of the Phoenixville Jaycees, presi­ Turkish-Cypriot leadership had deliberately intercommunal talks and the implementa­ dent of the Phoenixville Chamber of adopted a policy o! isolation. That attitude, tion o! the U.N. Resolutions on Cyprus." He Commerce, president of the North Cen­ which lasted 11 years, was a sign that Turkish also revealed that suggestions were made !or tral United Fund, International Jaycee partition intentions were part o! an old pla.n. the withdrawal o! the Turkish troops from Commenting on the 'economic warfare' the Island. Senator, and willing and vigorous sup­ allegedly waged against Turklsh-Cypriots, porter of service, Scouting, and commu­ the Archbishop said it was natural for the nity groups, Dave Frees has been aster­ Cypriot government to react to the efforts ling example to his community and has made by Turkish occupation forces and the INCREASE IN THE SAWTOOTH NRA provided its youth with an example they Turkish-Cypriot leadership to exploit prop­ DEVELOPMENT FUNDS would do well to emulate. erty belonging to Greek-Cypriots in areas Over the years, many groups have be­ seized by the Turkish armed forces. stowed an array of well-deserved honors He pointed out that no one could seriously HON. NORMAN D. DICKS on this outstanding individual. Twice claim that an effort to prevent a thief from OF WASHINGTON enjoying the fruits ot his plunder could be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES named to the "Outstanding Young Men interpreted as economic oppression. of America," recipient of the B'nai Brith President Ma.karios then recalled the long Tuesday, June 21, 1977 Brotherhood Award, Boy Scouts of and unsucessful talks that had been held Mr. America Distinguished Citizen Award, between the two communities under the Mr. DICKS. Speaker, I have in­ and Pennsylvania House of Representa­ auspices o! the U.N. Secretary General, which troduced legislation which, if enacted, tives Citation for Outstanding Commu­ had been followed by a climate o! relative would increase the authorization ceiling nity Service, Mr. Frees marks his retire­ opt11nlsm when he met with the Turkish­ for the acquisition of lands within the ment from the Jaycees with the thanks Cypriot leader, Mr. Denkta.sh, in the presence Sawtooth National Recreation Area in 20208 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 the State of Idaho. I am greatly pleased avoid thlnklng of U.S. cruise mtsslle tech­ TIME DOESN'T FADE CLOCK­ that both of my colleagues from Idaho, nology as a "bargalnlng chip" In the arms MASTERS PAST Congressman GEORGE HANSEN and Con­ negotiations. It is not. Long-range cruise STEVE mlsslles carrying nuclear warheads may even­ gressman SYMMS, are cosponsoring tually be brought under a SALT agreement, this legislation with me. but this should not deter the full develop­ RON. GOODLOE E. BYRON The Sawtooth National Recreation ment of cruise missiles, with an eye to their OF MARYLAND Area was originally created in 1972, with deployment 1n various configurations. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a land acquisition ceiling of $19,802,000. In addition to its potential role in the ar­ We have subsequently found that this ray of U.S. strategic deterrent forces, the Tuesday, June 21, 1977 original ceiling does not enable the Forest cruise mtsslle could have sign11lcant tactical Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, I am most value in countering the worrisome build-up pleased and honored to bring to the at­ Service to fulfill the purposes for which of Warsaw Pact forces 1n Eastern Europe. As the Sawtooth National Recreation Area a sea-launched weapon, it can help the Navy tention of my colleagues in the House of was created by Congress. Under this leg­ counter the growing Soviet naval deployment Representatives the achievements and islation, moneys from the land and 1n the Mediterranean, South Atlantic, Indian patriotic service of Samuel D. Appler, a water conservation fund will be available Ocean and Western Pa.clftc. resident of Westminster, Md. for the additional purchase of land and The Russians know the potential of the Mr. Appler served in World War I and water, as well as interests in land and cruise misslle better than anyone. They al­ participated in the ceremonies when our ready have soo of them deployed, and are great Nation honored its first Unknown water, within the designated recreation working on a new version with a higher speed area. and more accurate guidance system. Soldier. As a member of the Interior Subcom­ The American versions, which are stlll In The interesting life Mr. Appler con­ mittee of the House Appropriations Com­ the developmental stage and being tested at tinues in central Maryland was well re­ mittee, I am aware of many projects de­ the Paclftc Missile Test Center at Point Mugu, ported by Dean Minnich in the Carroll signed in some manner to preserve the are going to be better. The Russians know County Times newspaper. I would like to natural beauty of our Nation. Few are as that, too. share this article: Cruise mlsslle technology 1s having a de­ TIME DoESN'T FADE CLOCKMASTER'S PAST deserving as this project in Idaho. I stabilizing effect on the strategic balance be­ respectfully urge my colleagues in the tween the United States and the Soviet Un­ (By Dean Minnich) House to approve this essential and, ac­ ion. No one can help that, and new techno­ November 10 was cold and forbidding, and cording to the Forest Service, necessary logy In other fields w1l1 continue to aft'ect it. the weather promised to get worse. The 26 cost of preserving the scenic and historic That 1s a challenge for SALT negotJa.tors. members of the band of the 5th Maryland values present in this spectacular area of In the meantime, however, it would be Regiment were summoned to the armory in our Western frontier. folly for the United States to slow down or Pikesville. They were transported to Wash­ suspend its cruise misslle program as a con­ ington, D.C. and put up for the night in the dition for negotiations that may or may not basement of the Capitol. They weren't told lead to this new weapon's inclusion 1n some much. future SALT agreement. Above them, in the Rotunda, the first Un­ CRUISE MISSILE known Soldier lay in State. It was 1921, and the following day, the Unknown Soldier would be put to rest with great ceremony. Other countries were honoring the lost and BON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO DR. WERNHER VON BRAUN-A MAN nameless soldiers of The Great War. Great OF CALIFORNIA OF VISION, A LIFE OF DEDICATION Britain, France, Italy, Belgium--each buUt IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a monument to those who had lost not just their futures, but their pasts as well. Tuesday, June 21, 1977 BON. LARRY WINN, JR. Samuel D. Appler was a 23-year-old re­ Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I OF KANSAS servist who played the clarinet in the band. Since returning from French battlefields, the would like to bring to the attention of my IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES colleagues the following editorial, which band had played ir. parades and concerts. Tuesday, June 21# 1977 Martial music, foot-tapping, high-spirited appeared in the Oxnard, Calif., Press­ stuff, for the most part. Courier, June 6, 1977. The editorial com­ Mr. WINN. Mr. Speaker, last March On Nov. 11, 1921, the band and the country ments on the importance of the cruise we paid tribute to a. man who has prob­ took a step backward, back to Alsace-Lor­ missile as part of America's strategic ably contributed more to the U.S. space raine and the Argonne. Back to the trenches. deterrent forces. program than any other individual. The The wind blew cold through the band's light The article follows: occasion was Dr. Wernher von Braun's dress uniforms. It was a bleak day. Appler CRUISE MissiLE No "CHIP" 65th birthday. Today, I am here to eulo­ remembers the cold more than anything else. gize Dr. von Braun-last Thursday The music they played that day was fa­ Secretary of State Cyrus Vance, acutely millsr. In France, he had helped carry the aware that too much publicity about U.S. marked the end of a remarkable career. dead and wounded from the front lines to arms limltations proposals seemed to irrltate Dr. von Braun was truly a unique in­ the medics. There had been plenty of funer­ the Russians In March, is having much less dividual. He was unique because he had als. What the war did not take, the great flu to say about the recent follow-up talks in the vision to conceive an idea, nurture epidemic tried to claim. Geneva. and develop that idea, and watch it grow "Funeral marches. I could've played lt in That is understandable, because the give­ to maturity. That idea being the explor­ my sleep," he recalls. ''But we only lost one and-take of arms negotiations demands pri­ man In the band. They didn't know what vacy. The results--workable agreement&-a.re ation of space. Another aspect of Dr. is to do for it. They swabbed our mouths with what count. von Braun that makes him unique iodine, but that's all they could do." From the inevitable leaks and specula­ that he did not view the task of space He saw many unknown soldiers; soldiers tion, it is now a fair guess that any new exploration as an end in itself, but as whose names were known, but who were strategic arms limitation treaty (SALT) to merely a means to help solve the prob­ strangers. He has remembered them often be concluded in 1977 would have to assign lems of humanity. This is exempll1led by down through the years. That grim day in the thorny issue of cruise missiles to a sepa­ the space communication system, earth 1921 has grown In slgnlftcance, even though rate l.nsterlm "protocol." That it might call resources monitoring satellites, and the details of It are not as clear in his for a moratorium on development or deploy­ memory as they once were. ment of the U.S. cruise missile is a red flag. weather observation satellites. All of these systems being used to solve down­ He lives now on Woodside Drive In West­ Figuring out how to deal with the strategic minster, having retired In 1965 as a construc­ applications of the relatively slow, low-flying to-earth human problems. tion superintendent In the Baltimore area. cruise mlsslle is a staggering problem for Another unique aspect of Wernher His days are gentle. He has a wood shop arms negotiators. It may be an insoluble one von Braun is that legacy of knowledge where he has made 14 Grandfather clocks on 1f the two sides cannot agree on verlftcation that he leaves to the world. Wernher special order. There 1s a garden, and he has procedure to distinguish between cruise mis­ written some poetry. siles with one range and payload and those von Braun opened new frontiers and ushered in the space era. I can think of "I was born In New Windsor ln 1898. My with another. The same dilemma confronts father got a job with the post oftlce in CUm­ the negotiators In dealing with the Soviet no greater tribute to a man than to have berland and moved the family there when I Backfire bomber, which has ~e same dual him immortalized in his own work. I ex­ was about 5." potential as a short-range tactical weapon tend my condolences to Dr. von Braun's Within a few months, his mother died. or a long-range strategic weapon. family and my thanks to a truly great The family came back to the Baltimore area, The important thing at this stage is to man. and by the time he was eight, he and hla June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20209 three sisters had been placed in various the resource-emclent energy supply technol­ several options to the currently con­ homes. He spent eight years in the Baltimore ogies. stituted Clinch River project have been pro­ Manual Training School. Those who have looked in depth at the posed 1n the past; naturally, each of these 'That's where I learned my trade," he says. broad spectrum ot energy technology are all have some merit and potential for contribut­ He graduated at 16 and went to work, first too well aware that the nation has very few ing to progress on breeder technology devel­ for the B&O rallroad, then for the Sparrows options-nuclear or non-nuclear-to help opment. However, none o! these alternatives Point steel mllls. He almost got kllled there, solve our energy problems in our lifetime can achieve the totality of the objectives of and decided that kind of work wasn't tor and well into the next century. None has re­ the Clinch River demonstration project. him. He joined the Army at 18. ceived as much detailed attention and sup­ These objectives were developed, jointly by After the war, he played second clarinet in port from both government and industry as industry and government after many years city bands for a few months, "Until it began the nuclear fission concept with the ultimate of detailed analysis, as necessary to advance to interfere with my soclalllfe. My girl friend objective of demonstrating a viable breeder important R&D program objectives and was getting tired of missing an the events. capabllity. demonstrate the breeder concept to the sat­ Then I worked at the post omce awhile, until To confirm the validity of this 30 year in­ lstactlon of those who Will need such re­ they put me on the night shift." vestment, the next logical step in the pro­ sults. It was then that he turned to carpentry gression of the U .8. breeder R&D program 1s For example, the Cllnch River plant as for a living. the 350 MWE Clinch River demonstration currently designed has sumcient flexibllity to He doesn't play the clarinet any more. "I plant. I Inight note that other notions have serve as a test-bed for alternate fuel sys­ was never a gifted musician. I had to strug­ taken thiS course with their breeder demon­ tems. This includes other possible cycles in­ gle for what I did, practice all the time." stration plants. The U.S.S.R., France, and the volving thorium, uranium-233, uranium-235 But there are times when he hears the U.K. have each completed and have been and uranlum-238. It 1s Important to empha­ music of that Army band playing the funeral operating their demonstration plants in the size that moving forward with the Clinch march at that first ceremony over the grave 250-350 MWe range. Further, they are com­ River project at this time 1s the best and of the Unknown Soldier. mitted to the construction of demonstratlon most expedient method available to the U.S. On that day in 1921, most people thought breeder power plants in the 600-1200 MWe to demonstrate the performance of alternate it had been the war to end an wars .. . range. These three countries, plus West Ger­ fuel systems in a high temperature power many and Japan, retain today a firm com­ reactor. Delay of the Clinch River project w1ll Initment to breeder demonstration. only postpone the poss1b111ty of demonstrat­ The Clinch River plant is among the most ing these alternate fuel systems. CLINCH RIVER BREEDER REACTOR technologically advanced of any of these, re­ It has been suggested that the Clinch flecting the lat-est requirements of the Nu­ River plant project could be term inated, SUPPORTED AS A DEMONSTRA­ clear Regulatory Commission, as well as the and the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF) TION PLANT AND AS A TEST FA­ most current materials capab111ties, fabrica­ modified to test some of the major Clinch CILITY FOR ALTERNATIVE FUEL tion techniques, fuels behavior, core and River plant components. As designed FFTF CYCLES prudent extrapolation of component design. can provide much important R&D and con­ Today over 4,400 professionals and highly firmatory test information on certain LMFBB skilled employes in 22 states are dedicated components, equipment and systems. But HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE to completing the detailed design, fabrica­ FFTF cannot be used for the wide range of OF TEXAS tion, and proof-testing of this first-of-a-kind large component confirmation tests needed IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES equipment. in the LMFBR program. FFTF, while a large Of the 2.8 billion dollars that has been radiation test facility, has a relatively small Tuesday, June 21, 1977 invested by the United States government in heat generating capabillty and has been de­ Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, I wish the LMFBR R&D program, $380 milllon has signed with many complex systems and sup­ to been expended on this project. Of this tot al port fac111ties for this role. FFTF will be op­ bring to the attention of the Members of nearly $102 m1111on has been contributed by erated to provide rapid and effective accumu­ Congress the recent, excellent testimony the more than 700 participating electric util­ lation of irradiation effects data on fuels and by Mr. G. W. Hardigg of Westinghouse, ities. In addition to this ut111ty contribution core materials. Even with major modifica­ one of the prime contractors for the tor the Clinch River project, American indus­ tions, FFTF could not fulfill its primary role CRBR. Mr. Hard1gg supports the deci­ try has invested over 150 million dollars in as a radiation test fac111ty, and also be able sion to continue with the CRBR and the LMFBR technology. While these sums of to provide meaningful tests on the large argues very effectively in favor of this. money are vast, the total 1s roughly equiva­ plant components, equipment and systems so lent to what the United States is currently important to the Clinch River project and At the same time he also makes the fol­ paying for imported oll every few weeks. to the LMFBR R&D program. Basically, these lowing points about the CRBR, which Mr. Chairman, the level of support for the two projects are significantly different, al­ should be kept in mind: high temperature breeder program is the though utillzing slmllar technology and plant The CRBR as currently designed, has largest of any energy R&D concept in the features. Each has been designed to achieve sumcient flexib111ty to serve as a test bed United States. The potential benefits of this unique and different objectives; both are for alternative fuel cycles. type of support compared to the cost have needed very much at this stage of the LMFBR FFTF cannot fully test alternative fuel been assessed many times and repeatedly R&D program to demonstrate the breeder cycles because the mo. attention of the Breeder Reactor demonstration plant project core in the FFTF' because there is no power American public an(! the international com­ be completed as rapidly as possible. Only in generated except for a small amount of what munity on the serious aepects o! the energy this way can the nation be assured o! a we call gamma heating in the outer stain­ crlsls and its Implications. We also appre­ demonstrated energy option that can be used less steel surrounding assemblies. ciate his efforts to ellminate waste and con­ it and when the need arises. We know that Therefore, in order to provide FFTF with a serve our nation's valuable energy resources. similar recommendations have been made by blanket, a very cursory mental analysis in­ We are convinced that such commitments many other responsible organizations in the dicates to me that I would have to signifi­ reinforce the need to move forward at the U.S. that have continuing strong commit­ cantly increase the pumping power to pro­ sa.m.e t:U:ne with the reseerch, development ments to supplying the energy systems vide cooling to the blanket assemblies that and demonstration of the most promising of needed for this nation and others. you would Install in the F.F'I'F. 20210 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 Therefore, I belleve that lt would be nec­ he thtnka the publlc ought to want soon BILBO MITCHELL HONORED FOR essary to make maJor rev1s1ona to the reactor finds he 1s much more a servant than a and the plant itself. master. WORK IN CHURCH "But when arrogance 1s embodied tn pub­ llc pollcy, there are no effective checks on Hon. G. V. (SONNY) MONTGOMERY lt. It becomes 1nstitutlonallzed-1mmortal- A CLOSER LOOK AT CONSUMER 1zed. OJ' WBSISSIPPI PROTECTORS "The compulsion to regulate 1s almost IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES based on the idea the people are uninformed, Tuesday, June 21# 1977 und1scrim1nattng and irresponsible." HON. JOHN N. ERLENBORN There are slgns tha.t the public Is begin­ Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker, 01' ILLINOIS ning to quarrel with th1s aspect of consumer this Sunday a very close friend of mine regulation. People may indeed be irrespon­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Bilbo Mitchell, will be a1forded a stgnai sible but they are not too frequently unin­ honor when he is installed as verger in Tuesday, June 21, 1977 formed, not tn this age of an Information explosion. And they obviously value their the Episcopal Church of the Mediator in Mr. ERLENBORN. Mr. Speaker, 1n freedom to take risks, to choose how to live Meridian, Miss. The installation will be 1975 the Government Operations Com­ their llves, to forge, as much as possible, conducted by Bishop Duncan M. Gray, mittee minority views to the bill creating their own destiny. They've been given the Jr. Being a member of the Church of the an Agency for Consumer Protection facts and they prefer to smoke cigarettes, to Mediator myself, I am well aware of the accurately outlined the bill's three llve along the San Andreas fault, to Ingest many contributions Mr. Mitchell has premises: "empty calories," etc. made to his church parish. His devotion There comes a time when an institution and unselfish dedication are known to First. The customer is gullible, that has become too smug, too arrogant, too Second. The businessman is venal, and out of touch with the needs and desires of all members and deeply appreciated by Third. The Government is infallible. its followers begins to lose its constituency. all members. Out of tribute to Bilbo, I We explained in those views why none It happens in government, in rellgion; it would like to include at this point in the of these will stand close scrutiny, and happens in art, in fashion. And tt may be RECORD, an article which appeared in a why, as a consequence, it is folly to try about to happen in the more messianic con­ recent edition of our hometown newspa­ institutionalizing millions of consumer sumer protection circles, whether in govern­ per extolling the some 30 years of service voices. ment or out. One more decision out of Wash­ of Mr. Mitchell and the importance of ington like the saccharin ban and "consumer his being elevated to the position of The editorial in the May 1977 Soap/ llberation," as Mr. Quittmeyer calls it, may Cosmetics/Chemical/Specialties maga­ very well be the next liberation movement. verger. The article reads as follows: zine takes this observation one step The argument is not with the need to regu­ [From the Meridian (Miss.) Star, June 19, further in explaining the reason self­ late some business practices, to protect the 1977] appointed consumer advocates draw quality of our air and water, to insure that Merldianite Bllbo Mitchell wlll probably these inferences. It concludes that some the work environment Is free from unneces­ never forget Sunday, June 26. of these consumer "protectors" support sary hazards, etc. It is with bad law and ex­ That's the day he Will be officially Installed a consumer protection agency bill be­ cessive regulation. And it Is with those as Verger in the Episcopal Church of the cause of an arrogant desire to substitute whose utopian pursuit of consumer safety Mediator by Bishop Duncan M. Gray, Jr. makes few if any allowances for gray areas, He wlll also be distinguished as the only their personal vision of order for the scientific judgments, advancing science and Verger in a Mississippi Episcopal Church. apparent disorder of the marketplace. technology or common sense. A special service for this installation 1s The editorial provides revealing in­ The Amstar president puts it most suc­ scheduled for 5 p.m. Sunday, June 26, in the sights into whether the Government cinctly: "We have long asserted that certain church located on the corner of 35th Avenue should take consumer advocacy out of freedoms are basic and inalienable. Why not and 38th Street. Afterwards, the members of the hands of the public under the as­ add another: the freedom of the consumer the congregation will be served supper in the sumption that the consumer has proven not to be treated as an incompetent." parish hall. to be incompetent. According to Rev. G. Michael Bell, rector The article follows : of the Church of the Mediator, "we wanted to recognize Bilbo for his outstanding devo­ CONSUMER REGULATION ABoUT TO BACKLASH? JEAN LUNING tion and service to the church parish by in· Those who advocate greater regulation of stituting this office." the marketplace have been called many An old office still used 1n the Church of names by industry over the past few years. HON •. TIMOTHY E. WIRTH England and in some churches in this coun­ Most of these names presume an inherent 01' COLORADO try, the Verger traditionally represents the distrust of, 1f not host111ty toward, the free wardens and vestry 1n the church procession. enterprise system. And if consumer advo­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As Verger, Mitchell wlll oversee the aco­ cates, environinentalists, etc., are not ac­ Tuesday, June 21, 1977 lytes, ushers, altar guild and all altar func­ cused of being economically ingenuous they tions. He w1ll also be charged with receiving are often charged with politically subversive Mr. WIRTH. Mr. Speaker, with great visi tlng clergy with the rector. intentions. sadness I note the passing of Jean His black robe, to be worn as he leads all Few critics, however, have questioned the Luning, a member of my Colorado sta:ff, processions. and the mace, a staff heralded by personalities of some of the most vocal con­ killed in automobile crash on June 18, the seal of the parish, have been ordered sumer "protectors," as opposed to trying to and buried today. Jean was loving parent, from England. He will use this mace to offi­ ascribe real and imagined motives to their loyal friend, tenacious caseworker, and cially seal all marriage and baptismal cer­ actions. ln a speech delivered before the tificates ln the church. Swiss-American Chamber of Commerce in dedicated environmentalist. We shall A member of the Episcopal Church since Geneva and adapted for publication on the miss her. 1946, Mitchell "has touched the lives of over New York Times "Op-Ed" page, Robert T. From the :first days of the 1974 cam­ 200 young men and women by working with Quittmeyer, president of Amstar Corp., does paign there has remained within the them in the church," says Rev. Bell. Although just that. sta1f a feeling of family, and Jean's pass­ first serving at St. Paul's Episcopal Church, "I believe," he says, "the root of the regu­ he has held membership in the Church of the latory impulse is often arrogance. If you ing is a great loss for us all. We shall do our best to reach out and extend to Mediator for the last 22 years. scratch an advocate of regulation you are Working under six different priests, he has likely to find, very close to the surface, an her children, Ernie and Bu1fy, the com­ prepared more than 100 young people to serve arrogant desire to substitute some personal mitment which their mother carried. We as acolytes for the Church. Five of these vision of order for the apparent disorder of want to be as persistent as she in caring acolytes, adds Mitchell, are now priests. At the marketplace. for the needs of our constituents, in case­ present, his title is acolyte warden. "Arrogance is a common human trait. work well done. And we must push harder Queried about the service and his new Most businessmen are arrogant, particularly title, he says, "I feel very honored." And ap­ if they are chief executives. to reach the goals she worked for in In­ dian Peaks, a wonderful wilderness area parently so does his wife, Julie Clarle, his "Happily, there are checks against rampant with great potential. son, Bilbo, and his daughter, Rose Marie. arrogance in business. The ablest people wlll "We are trying to notify many of his old not work for a martinet very long, and a The contributions Jean Luning made-­ friends and former acolytes of this special business that can't attract and hold good through family, friendship, her helping service so that they can make plans to at­ people tends to dry up and blow away. A hand, and her vision of the world--can tend," explains Rev. Bell. businessman who arrogantly offers a product go on through the rest of us. Additional information on the service and June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20211 supper June 26 can be obtained by calling tion of my remarks made in open court which he served two separate terms in state prison the church office. reveal this to the public, and urges a change and a third term for parole violation. His in the laws that only we can accomplish. decision to lead his recent life of crime was Sincerely, made while in prison, as stated by him. and HARRY V. PEETRts. commenced days after his release on parole. The law providing for death for his crimes A GOOD JUDGE IS HAMSTRUNG Judge Peetris' remarks to the court during this very trial was declared unconsti­ follows: tutional because tt did not provide the op­ HON. ROBERT K. DORNAN The court, 1n considering sentence at this portunity for the judge to consider mitigat­ tlm.e, will take into consideration the state­ ing circumstances. Hence, it is not available OJ!' CALIFORNIA ments of counsel, the investigation and rec­ in this case. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ommendation of the probation officer, and The next proper sentence, 1n its absence, Tuesday, June 21, 1977 all that it observed during the four month would be imprisonment for Ufe without the trial, including the testimony of the de­ possib111ty of parole. Such a sentence is Mr. DORNAN. Mr. Speaker, there is a fendant. still today provided for in our law for such tendency among many Americans to In conformance with the New Sentencing crimes as kidnapping for ransom with in­ blame the courts for the rampage of Act of 1976, the court will discuss the rea­ Jury or trainwrecklng with injury. It does sons for the sentence it Will render today. not include the crimes 1n this case and, crime which our Nation is experiencing. therefore, is not available. And by and large, this blame is laid on It is, of course, the obligation of the court alone to accomplish in sentencing Mr. Bieh­ The next step downward in severity would the right doorstep. ler his punishment, his deterrence !rom be to give consecut.lve sentences for each The Federal courts in particular are committing such crimes in the future, the murder to be served separately instead o! responsible for turning criminals out on deterrence of others, and ultimately the pro­ running at the same time. Such sentencing to the street to rape, steal, mug, and tection of society. would require Mr. Biehler to serve seven murder again. More and more frequently. The behavioral conduct of Mr. Biehler years on each of the four murders before these criminals have received suspended throughout the time he has been before this he would be eligible for parole, siX months sentences, short prison terms or simple court commencing in June, 1976, to the pres­ on the attempted murder and 80 monthS ent time has always been respectful, very on the four uses of a weapon, for a total of reprimands. Or, once convicted by a knowledgeable, and cooperative. The long SOII}8 35 years before he would be eligible State court, criminals find themselves legal proceedings we have just completed for parole. free again thanks to the beneficence of were not in any way lengthened by his ac­ Unfortunately, the law does not permit the Federal cow·t system of appeals. tions. such sentencing. First of all, Penal Code This is wrong and the American people In looking at his behavioral conduct, how­ Section 669 requires that sentences in all five know it is. ever, which forms the basts of the crimes he counts merge into the first count of murder. now atands convicted of, as revealed during The case of People v. Walker, October, 1976, Since it seems, at times, that most requires that the four consecutive flve years judges in Amt-.rica are dedicated to the the trial, reflects that it was criminally mo­ tivated, cold-blooded, devoid of human feel­ to life sentences for the four uses of a weapon fallacious theory that punishment of the ing, male chauvinistic, and done in the merge into the flrst murder count. The criminal does not deter crime, it is par­ manner of professional executions. theory of the law 1s that the sentencing ticularly encouraging to learn that, on The motivation for his flrst kllllng in 1966 judge cannot be so archaic a.s to sentence the california bench, there are still was to take over a criminal prostitution a person to more than one mortal life in judges who believe that criminals should business. His victim sat in her Uving room prison. The footnote in one of the cases ex­ be punished. One such judge is Harry v. next to her fl!teen-year-old son, having just pounding that law provides that they were Peetris. whispered over the telephone that she was not taking into consideration "parole." Un­ afraid and asked for help, when he placed fortunately, as sentencing judge, I have to Judge Peetris recently sent me a copy face the reality of the effect of my sentence of the gun deeply into her ear and fired. the remarks he made in open court The sole reason the boy, after begging for in considering punishment and the protec­ which reveal the extent of which a good his Ufe, became defendant's second victlm. tion of society. The reality is that the total judge's hands are tied by Federal Court was, as Mr. Biehler stated, that he did not sentence of Mr. Biehler merges into one life which tries to conform to the rulings of want to leave an eye witness to the flrst sentence for which he 1s ellgible for parole the Federal judiciary. murder. He again placed the gun deeply into in seven years. Since he has beell in custody I would like my colleagues to learn his ear and fired. The defendant's goal of one year and two months, he will be ellgible klliing the eye Witness to avoid detection in five years, ten months from today. of the daily frustrations of a just man One might take comfort in the fact that who knows his duty to the law and tries was accomplished for a period of ten years. The next five years the defendant spent the Adult Authority or the new COmmunity to exercise it honorably. To that end, I in state prison on a parole violation and, Release Board to be will look severely on the would like Judge Peetris' letter and re­ upon being released, accomplished his third heinous facts of this case and not consider marks reprinted in the CONGRESSIONAL kUling. The victlm. this time was his sup­ an early parole. RECORD. plier of cocaine, who also after begging for Mr. Biehler will take comfort, however, in The remarks follow: his life was shot with a sawed-off rUle De­ the fact that his crime partner, Maida Sue fendant then placed his body in a piasttc Elllngton, who hired him to murder, and who THE SUPREME CoURT, was convicted in a separate trlal last July for Los Angeles, Calif., March 29, 1977. garbage bag and buried him 1n the forest. One year later he attempted his fourth murder In the flrst degree and attempted Hon. ROBERT DoRNAN, murder in the fl.rst degree and sentenced U.S. Congru11, U.S. Capitol, Washington, murder as a paid klller who d1sguJsed him­ self With a wig, moustache, overalls, and to ltfe in prison. has Just had her parole D.C. release date set last month. It was for re­ DEA& BoB: Our present laws which prevent carrying a fake toolbox packed with cotton and a gun. After placing his gun deep into lease in eight years. She had not only hired judgea from severely sentencing criminals the defendant, but actively participated in to protect society 1s in a state of crisis. the victim's ear and firing, he shot her three more times in the head. She miraculously setting up the victim for him to shoot on A classic example of this problem 1s a case both occasions. in whlch I sentenced a man today. He is survived, but remained partially paralyzed necessitating the use of a cane. The sentence that the law permits me to Robert Leroy Biehler who had been con­ render also falls to provide protection or victed by a Jury of four counts of murder tn Two months later, after getting more money for the killing, he returned this time security for the prosecution's witnesses who the first degree, and found to have used a gun in this case came forward under threats of in each crime. pressing the gun deep into her ear and eye and flrlng lt. He then pressed it against death from the defendant and test1fled in He kllied for the following reasons: ( 1) the trial. There were four women whose hired for money; (2) to take over prostitu­ the back of her head and heart, and after firing it said, "This time she's really dead." testimony was the most damaging against tion activities; (S) to ellmtnate a u;-year­ the defendant and each demonstrated stark old eye Witness to one of his murders; (4) In considering what degree of punishment would be flt for these cruel and vicious kill­ fear of him whlle on the Witness stand. In to remove his supplier of cocaine. Biehler view of his demonstrated acorn for women, also threatened to klll key Witnesses in his ings which were spread over a nine year span, the only appropriate penalty would his continual use of them as objects, and trtal to keep them from testifying. his attitude that women want to be slapped He is an ex-convict who had served two be death. In considering whether such a sentence around and dominated was best verball.zed by terms 1n prison for armed robbery and bur­ the defendant on the stand when he charac­ glary and an extra term for parole violation. should be mitigated due to the circumstances of the crimes of Mr. Biehler's background, terized himself as a "14 carat male chau­ The most severe sentence I could tmpose a meticulous search of the entire record vinist." Considering his attitude toward under the present law leaves hlm. eligible reveals no mitigating circumstances. He has women, his threats and proclivity to k111, !or parole 1n five years and ten months from twice before been convicted of a felony, once along with his hatred of them for testlfy1ng, today. for armed robbery and once for burglary. their concern for their Uves 1a real. I can I am enclosing, for your interest. a por- both offenses involving the use of guns, and now by my sentence protect the 11ves of 20212 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 these women for no more than about seven It entertained· a proposal that the govern­ Conference on Arts and Communication years. ment takes over all foreign oil purchases, recently held in Florence, Italy. The present state of the law is deplorable, when the real problem is U.S. dependency on not only because it so restricts the sentenc­ foreign suppliers for 47 percent of this na­ The statement follows: ing of Mr. Biehler, but because it fails to tion's oil. MESSAGE FROM THE FLORENCE CONFERENCE ON deter any criminal from the use of a gun Carter announced an energy program in ARTS AND COMMU-NICATIONS, 1977 to kill eye witnesses or arresting officers. The April and urged that the nation pursue It We affirm the basic right to freedom of advantage of getting away with the crime with "the moral equivalent of war" to reduce arts expression; that the duty and privileges when compared to the small degree of addi­ its reliance on foreign oil and avert disas­ of governments and their institutions should tional punishment may make it seem well trous fuel and power shortages in the 1980s. be to recognize, sponsor and preserve such worth the risk. So, why is the Gallup poll now reporting Uberties. Although the law provides for an addi­ that 48 per cent of Americans are not even The rights include freedom of expression tional five years to life to be served by a aware that nearly half of their most baste in all media of the arts and comprise the criminal each time he uses a gun in certain fuel is coming from abroad? thoughts, attitudes, moods and ideas of an crimes, in order to deter the use of a gun in Either the President's message didn't get aesthetic nature. this case where Mr. Biehler used a gun in all through, or half the people who heard tt are Furthermore, we urge that governments five crimes, the present law does not permit skeptical of everything that's being said sponsor creative artistic endeavor by public me to sentence him to any additional time. about the energy crisis. The reason for that monies and the conscious ettort to establish Many citizens have already, feeling that may well be the abundance of gasoline on a favourable societal climate for the arts the courts are not protecting them from the the market, at prices deceptively controlled and to view the arts as a policy to improve use of guns by criminals, armed themselves. by the government and giving the impression the human ecology. Until society realizes the limitations on the there's nothing to worry about. We support the moral position of all of judges in this regard, and change the law, Energy Administrator John O'Leary pre­ those who challenge restrictive measures. only then can the proliferation of guns by dicts Americans will use record quantities We propose that works of art, historic sites both criminals and citizens be halted. of motor fuel this summer-5.5 per cent of aesthetic value and the environment The law now properly permits the sen­ more than last year's all-time high. should be preserved. tencing judge to be lenient when the case SO much for the moral equivalent of war. The foregoing statements are based on calls for it. It prevents the judge, however, Since Carter's energy message in April the belief that participation in the creative from being severe enough in the serious oe.se we've seen mostly a war of words---confiict- arts is beneficial to mankind and can pro­ in order to punish the defendant or protect 1ng opinions of whether the energy problem mote greater heights of achievement and society. This law can only be changed by the is as serious as the President described it; world communion. people through their elected representative and if it is, whether he developed the right in the legislature. strategy to solve it. Until the public realizes that they are the One body of opinion holds that energy future victims and accomplish this change, shortages, at least in the immediate future, OFFERS AMENDMENTS TO FOREIGN only then can judges protect them by their could be averted if the governnient would simply get out of the way. 011 and gas re­ ASSISTANCE APPROPRIATIONS sentences and begin to reverse the new BILL phenomenon of citizens taking the law into serves which now look perilously low would increase significantly 1f prices were decon­ their own hands and finding themselves trolled and it became economical to develop being prosecuted as criminals. new sources. Any such change of the law making it HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG There is compelling logic to that argu­ OF FLORmA more severe, however, would not apply to ment, but Congress has a blind spot for any this defendant as he wlll be sentenced logic that might increase the earnings of oil IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES according to the law as it stands today. and gas companies, even if it is those com­ Tuesday. June 21, 1977 panies that are going to have to produce Thank God for men and women with Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I the courage of Judge Harry V. Peetris. the oil and gas the nation needs. And even t}f~ _ conservation · side of Carter's program would like to take this opportunity to re­ is in trouble. mind my colleagues that the Foreign As­ His proposed taxes on gasoline and inef­ sistance Appropriations bill for fiscal year flcient cars are nearly dead issues, both be­ 1978 is scheduled to come before the WHAT ENERGY POLICY? cause existing fuel-efficiency mandates may accomplish as much and because of the in­ House on Wednesday, June 22, 1977. I equitable plan he advanced for rebating rev­ have previously called attention to the HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO enue the taxes would produce. The admin­ minority views on this bill, and again, I istration also is backing away from its origi­ strongly urge each Member of this body OF CALIFORNIA nal estimates on what might be accomplished to consider those views very carefully and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES under its proposed incentives for insulating to understand fully the implications of Tuesday, June 21, 1977 homes and converting to solar heating sys­ the information included in them. To­ tems. day, I wish to outline the amendments Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. 'Speaker, the Congress is about to create a new Depart­ Press-Courier, published in Oxnard in ment of Energy to manage U.S. energy policy. which I will be o1fering to the Foreign my congressional district, recently com­ But is it going to manage the all-out produc­ Assistance Appropriations bill, and the tion of oil, gas, and alternate energy sources reasoning behind them. mented on President Carter's energy in a free marketplace where supplles increase The first amendment I plan to offer program and the ensuing congressional with the incentive of demand? Or is it only would reduce our contribution to the debate. The Press-Courier found that going to manage a conservation program pre­ United Nations Development Program to both the President and Congress have paring Americans for the inevitable shortages $110 million. This is equal to the fiscal neglected a central issue concerning the that price regulation will create? year 1977 appropriation plus a 10-per­ Nation's impending energy crunch. cent increase, which is similar to in­ The Press-Courier noted that congres­ creases iil our domestic programs for sional action on the energy progr~m was FREEDOM OF THE ARTS fiscal year 1978. focused on "who" should control oil and The second amendment would elimi­ gas prices, "skirting the more pertinent nate a $50 million appropriation for the issue of whether they should be con­ HON. JAMES M. JEFFORDS Sahel development program. The United trolled at all ... OF VERMONT States has provided substantial amounts I insert the editorial in full for the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of assistance to the eight countriet of benefit of my colleagues: the Sahel. In addition. these countries WHAT ENERGY POLICY? Tuesday, June 21, 1977 will be receiving $62 million in direct bi­ Despite the spirit of urgency President Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. Speaker, I would lateral aid in fiscal year 1978. As of Carter has tried to impart, Congress is like to bring to_the attention of my col­ March 31, 1977, there is still $45.6 mil­ heading for the same dead end on energy leagues the following statement on free­ lion in unobligated funds available for policy that it reached when the pressure dom of the arts. This statement, given the Sahel. for action was coming from the Nixon and An amendment will be offered by Con­ Ford administrations. to me by Ronald Slayton, curator of the The House was diverting itself recently Thomas W. Wood Art Gallery in Mont­ gressman !cHORD and myself which would on the issue of who should control oil and pelier, was endorsed by representatives eliminate $100 million for the Southern .· gas prices, skirting the more pertinent issue from 25 nations and from 15 of the Unit­ Africa Special Requiremenm Fund. This of whether they should be controlled at all. ed States at the Third International fund was previously entitled the "Zim- June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20213 babwee Development Fund" and we are Is surely not in the best interest of our lateral institutions, I do not believe 'that concerned that this is a poorly planned Nation or in keeping with the will of the the "evolution" of these institutions to program. American people. And, our most ex­ this point is representative of the intent My fourth amendment would prevent pedient method of stemming it Is to place of their founders, and therefore, I do not any money appropriated in this bill to mandatory restrictions on our contribu­ believe that their "constitutions" are so be used to finance, directly or indirectly, tions to the multilateral organtzations sacred that they cannot be challenged, Cambodia, Laos, the Socialist Republic of which provide assistance to these coun­ or questioned. The argument of those Vietnam, Cuba, Uganda, or Ethiopia. tries. who oppose this amendment is that if we My fifth amendment would reduce the I have heard the arguments against put conditions on the spending of our U.S. contribution to the Asian Develop­ this amendment, Mr. Speaker. The most portion of the money used to support ment Bank to $127,024, 700-the ft.scal frequently cited argument is that we can­ these organizations other countries will year 1977 appropriation plus a 10-per­ not allow these international-institutions exercise the same privilege, and the or­ cent increase. to be in1Ucted with the personal "poli­ ganizations will not be able to function. I My sixth amendment would ellm1nate tics" of the contributing nations. I under­ do not believe it. They will take our mon­ our contribution of $400 million to the stand that when these organizations were ey, restricted or otherwise. I can state, World Bank. established, it was considered essential however, that our continued support of My seventh amendment would elimi­ that they be entirely "apolitical". But in them, Without some restriction, is not re­ nate our contribution of $40 million to relinquishing our right to exercise con­ sponsible any longer, politically or finan­ the International Finance CorPOration. trol over which nations receive grants cially. Finally, my eighth amendment would and loans from these organizations, we What exactly can we tell the Ameri­ reduce the U.S. contribution to the In­ seem to have also relinquished our right can people that we are getting in re­ ternational Development Association to to have infiuence over how our money is turn for their investment? Are we get­ $473 million-the fiscal year 1977 appro­ spent. This year we are being asked to ting any monetary return? Are we get­ priation plus 10 percent. contribute over $2.3 billion to the multi­ ting any humanitarian return-have we There should not be any necessity for lateral organizations, and once we ap­ any assurance at all that the money we me to explain why U.S. dollars should not propriate that money, we lose almost are contributing is getting to the poor be directed by any method to Cambodia, complete control over that $2.3 billion. It and needy people of the world? Are we Laos, or Vietnam. The frequently and is a fact that the operating expenses of making any friends through our con­ clearly stated opinions of the majority of these organizations is abnormally high. tributions that will support us later if we the American people opposing such as­ Top executives of the international fi­ need that support? Is there any justifi­ sistance make that part of the amend­ nancial institutions receive salaries of cation, beyond historical precedent, for ment clearly defensible. over $100,000 a year. Some of the em­ our investment in this phase of our For­ With the exception of Ethiopia, no ployees of the international banks make eign Aid program? In Cambodia, Laos, "direct" aid to any of these countries is as much as 57 percent more than com­ Vietnam, Cuba, Ethiopia, and Uganda­ programed in the foreign assistance parable positions in the U.S. Civil Serv­ I think not. It is being wasted-millions appropriations bill, however, considera­ ice. Additionally, over 40 percent of the and millions of taxpayer dollars, hard­ ble financial assistance is planned for employees of the World Bank Group are earned by our constituents, are going · Uganda, Ethiopia, and Vietnam through earning more than $36,000 a year, and down the drain, and that fact, stacked the United Nations development pro­ this income is tax free. In the hearings up against the possible but not probable gram , for which $120 million is before our subcommittee, not one of the "demise" of the multilateral organiza­ recommended in this bill. We are told executives of these international finan­ tions is enough for each of us to con­ that the UNDP plans to provide Vietnam cial institutions appeared to testify. We scientiously and enthusiastically support with $44 million over the next 5 years, have requested detailed information con­ these amendments. and $30 million to Uganda and $42 mil­ cerning lending practices of these insti­ This is a definitive action, Mr. Speak­ lion to Ethiopia during the same time tutions, and in several cases we are still er, but the time has come for a defini­ period. The International Development waiting for the information. During the tive action. The Secretary of State has Association , the "soft loan" win­ hearings, specific questions were asked told me that this administration plans dow of the World Bank, made "soft" concerning how U.S. participation in to double our foreign aid program in loans, at no interest and repayable over these institutions is in our national inter­ the next 5 years, and that the main a 50-year period, of over $48 million to est and again, answers have still not been thrust of that program will be through Uganda, and over $292 million to Ethi­ provided. In effect, we are being asked to the multilateral organizations. President opia in 1976. expend more than $2.3 billion in Amer­ Carter has told the American people that Uganda, under the rule of Idi Amin, is ican taxpayer dollars this year for these they will have something to say about one of the most ruthless and corrupt institutions and after the money is ap­ our foreign aid program, and he will con­ governments in existence today. Murder, propriated, Congress will have little or no sult them, and keep them informed. The rape, and assassination have been re­ infiuence over how the money is spent. I two statements are not consistent. Ap­ ported on numerous occasions in Uganda. feel very strongly, Mr. Speaker, that the parently first they are going to be told Even if our President had not committed time has come for us to insist on some and then they are going to be asked. I our Nation to an overriding concern for control over these multilateral programs, do not think that is such a good plan, flagrant violations of human rights on because I do not believe they are doing Mr. Speaker, and I do not think our con­ a worldwide basis, it would be impos­ the job they were intended to do, for our stituents are going to think it is such a sible for the American people to swallow country or for others. good plan either. any contribution of American money to We are ·willing to help those in need The Treasury Department's Assistant Uganda with the understanding that when the help actually gets to them. Secretary for International Affairs, C. such funding could only help to stabilize However, there are too few examples of Fred Bergsten, stated that the U.S. def­ and maintain Idi Amin's control over multilateral money ever getting to the icit is estimated to be $20 billion this that country. ..poorest of the poor." In fact, when the year. He added that this huge deficit is The situation in Ethiopia is just about money from the international banks helping to stabilize the world economy. as bad. Ethiopia has closed the U.S. Mili­ finally reaches the local borrowers, the He said that the United States can easily tary Mission and other U.S. facilities and interest rates on these loans to the "poor­ absorb big trade deficits and by doing so asked our personnel to leave the country. est of the poor" are usually very high. A1!. "make a contribution to the stability of They have-to put it bluntly, kicked us an example, when the Inter-American the International Monetary System." It out. Ethiopia also has been accused of Development Bank provided a loan for a is amazing to me that an o:mcial of the gross and systematic violations of human rural development program for small United States would advocate the need rights and in addition, is now receiving farmers in Colombia, the interest rate for a U.S. deficit, with all of its economic substantial economic and military aid paid by the farmer was 17 percent. problems, in order to help other coun­ from the Soviet Union, plus military ad­ In light of what I find to be evidence tries keep from having those same eco­ visors from Cuba. U.S. monetary support of less than prudent care of the money nomic problems. to these nations under whatever auspices, received and distributed by the multi- Fortunately, we are not powerless to 20214 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 do something about it. We do have a rights, the Communist government of Viet­ Vietnam and the concentration camps of choice, in fact we have the ultimate nam has received an American pledge that Castro's Cuba." choice-and we can begin making that its entrance into the U.N. will not be vetoed Before the administration discusses ethics choice, as our constituents have asked (just as South Africa was assured that we in tbe world, it should enter that world us to do, by curtailing our appropria­ would not veto efforts to eecpel it). arena. with clean hands itself. At the very While criticizing Castro for his role in least, it should apply proper standards a.s tions to the multilateral institutions Africa, very little has been heard about the stringently to our declared enemies a.s it does right now. denial of human rights within Cuba. itself, to our friends. By taking that action, we have an op­ and the U.S. has, despite the criticlsins, been portunity to notify these organizations busily moving toward a "normalization" of that we will not stand mute on this sub­ relations with Castro. ject any longer. We want to know how When it comes to Cambodia, where per­ TRUE TAX REFORM MUST REMOVE our money is spent, and we want to know haps the most brutal form of genocide in the 20th century is under way, neither President THE TAX BIAS AGAINST SAVING specifically how much of it is eaten up Carter nor Secretary of State Vance has said AND DnrnSTMENT, BY DR. NOR­ in administrative costs, how much ac­ a word. MAN TURE tually reaches the needy people of the The Carter administration's moves toward world, to whom it is going and why. If recognition of Communist China (where no they wish to receive our continued and human rights whatever exist) is part of the HON. JACK F. KEMP considerable support, they must begin to reason for its silence on Cambodia. Fortu­ OF NEW YORK act responsibly, as I believe their found­ nately, others in Washington have been will­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing to speak out. After hearing testimony ers always intended for them to do. about the mass murders taking place in Tuesday, June 21, 1977 Cambodia, Rep. Stephen Solarz, (D-N.Y.,) Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, I want to said, "This is one of the most monstrous crimes of the century. I would compare it to bring to the attention of my colleagues DOUBLE STANDARDS ON HUMAN Hitler's killing of six m1llion Jews.... an important article by Dr. Norman RIGHTS Would the rest of the world be silent? I have Ture, former director of tax studies for talked with many of our foreign service peo­ the National Bureau of Economic Re­ ple. One in Bangkok who has monitored the search, regarding the present bias in our HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI Cambodian situation since the takeover-his Federal tax system against savings and OF ILLINOIS judgment is that the allegations are ab­ investment. As he put it: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES solutely correct. . . . The question is, what can we do about it?" The present tax system is heavlly weighted Tuesday, June 21, 1977 Then, the Carter administration's strong against personal market-oriented effort and against those activities which increase Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, Allan push for repeal of the Byrd amendment, which permitted the U.S. to import Rhode­ productivity and production ca.pab111ty. In Brownfeld is a syndicated columnist sian chrome in violation of U.N.-imposed particular, one finds that federal, state and whose specialty lies in foreign policy. sanctions, clearly showed a strange double local taxes greatly increase the cost of sav­ Based on his experiences in this field, he standard concerning human rights in Africa. ing relative to the cost of consumption, and discusses, in an article appearing in the of capital formation compared with con­ Rep. Robert W. Daniel, (R-Va.,) noted the sumption uses of a.vallable production Lima News-Lima, Ohio-of June 9, the rhetoric about "human rights" and "major­ capacity. Carter administration's policy regarding 'ity rule" was really beside the point in this human rights and the contradictions matter-the main reason for singling out I believe that the wealth of this Nation that are more and more apparent each Rhodesia. "is that by so doing we shall in­ is not increased by constantly stimulat­ day. The article follows: gratiate ourselves with the leaders of black ing consumption and demand through African nations." DOUBLE STANDARD ON HUMAN RIGHTS Rep. Daniel continued; "Let us consider easy monetary and fiscal policies, but by (By Allan C. Brownfeld) these leaders to whom it is hoped we shall rewarding thrift and productivity. The When President Carter first enunciated his endear ourselves by this step .... For one, two are closely interrelated because human rights policy, many Americans, in­ there is President Macias of Equatorial productivity cannot increase unless in­ cluding this writer welcomed this departure Guinea. It is reported that this great leader vestment capital-the tools and ma­ from the amoral policy being pursued by the has killed 50,000 of his subjects ... has chinery which generate wealth-is in­ Nixon-Kissinger-Ford administration. caused one-fourth of the nation's original creased. In order to do this society must, The refusal of President Ford to meet with inhabitants to flee into exile and . . . has at some point, forego cun-ent consump­ Alexander Solzhenitsyn, for example, was instituted a system of slavery. an outrage to American concerns over jus­ "Then there is Jean B. Bokassa, self-pro­ tion for future consumption-in other tice in the world. The cynical policy of do­ claimed emperor of a.n unfortunate land he words, save and invest. ing business with tyrannical governments now calls the Central African Empire, who I believe, as Dr. Ture does, that any and ignoring the pleas of their religious has tortured hundreds of minority tribesmen true tax reform must encourage saving, minorities, dissidents and ethnic groups was to death according to the signs of the thrift, investment, and productivity. I a. betrayal of something important in the Zodiak." commend him for his long time and very American spirit. To the extent that Jimmy The list goes on and on. The Carter ad­ able leadership in this vital area of na­ Carter offered a return to a. policy based ministration has said ~ot a word of criticism tional debate. upon principle, even those who opposed his about such depredations in black Africa, re­ election were eager to support him. serving all of its rage for the pro-Western The article follows: Yet, in the few short months that this states of Rhodesia and South Africa. There [From the Wall Street Journal, June 21, "human rights" policy has been in force, is no doubt that Rhodesia and South Africa 1977] what we seem to be observing is not an end are worthy of criticism, but why only these TAX REFORM SHOULD ENCOURAGE SAVING to a cynical foreign policy, only a. new form two? They are hardly the most serious vio­ of cynicism. More and more, the "human lators of human rights on the unfortunate (By Norman B. Ture) rights" policy is one aimed solely a.t pro­ African continent. As the time approaches for President Carter Western countries-Argentina, Uruguay, Discussing the unusual posture of the to divulge his proposals for major tax reform, Chile, South Africa., Brazil, South Korea, Carter administration, Sen Carl Curtis, R­ concern and anxiety about the long-term etc.-and hardly at all at Communist China Neb., declared, "If the U.S. normalizes rela­ thrust of tax policy heightens. Whatever its the Soviet Union or other Eastern blo~ tions with Cuba and Vietnam, it will mean a details may be, the administration's tax pro­ states. betrayal of freedom throughout the world. gram can serve one constructive purpose-to When Vice President Mondale traveled to The administration has shown a decided shift the emphasis from Mickey Mouse tax Europe to criticize South Africa's violations tendency to be one-sided in its approach to proposals aimed at fine-tuning the economy of human rights, he went from his Vienna human rights.... There has developed a in the short run to the baste structural tax meeting with Prime Minister Vorster to Bel­ perceptible move toward lessening our aid to changes required for economic efficiency and grade, Yugoslavia. He did not criticize Mar­ such governments as those of Chile and South growth over the long run. shall Tito's repressive and totalitarian re­ Korea at the same time we appear to be We will all benefit 1f the pollcy debate puts gime. Instead, just as he chastised Vorster, moving steadily toward so-called "normaliza­ aside the seemingly obsessive concern with he embraced Tito. This, however, is only one tion" of relations with Cuba and Vietnam. which tax gimmick will do more to increase graphic example of the Carter administra­ Such a policy bespeaks of inconsistency and next quarter's consumption demand and tion's unusual double standard. lack of realistic priorities. . . . It is dis­ turns instead to basic changes that will re­ Consider some other elements of the Car­ honest to carp about Chile and South Korea duce constraints on the expansion of ag­ ter record. Despite gross violations of human whlle turning aside from the charnel pits of gregate production. June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20215

Whether this happy outcome wUl mate­ This antisaving bias of the tax system­ DIDN'T DEDUCT LIABILITIES rialize will depend on the focus which the its effect of increasing the cost of saving Professor Thurow makes it seem other­ administration gives to its proposals. If it far more than the cost of consumption-re­ wise by, among other things, counting in­ continues the futile chase of that tax policy sults in less saving out of any given terest payments on corporate dP.bt as part wUl-o'-the-wisp-redistributlon of income­ amount of pretax income than if taxes of his gross return on capital figure. That the result will be even more severe tax bur­ rested with equal weight on saving and would have been acceptable 1f he had de­ dens on those activities which provide the consumption uses of income. Since by defi­ ducted the tax liabllities of the interest re­ momentum for economic progress. On the nition the amount invested in adding to the cipients, but he didn't. (Nor did he include other hand, 1t it looks to the basic economics stock of capital in any period of time Just thf' tax 11ab111ties of dividend recipients, of taxation, it may come up with a simpler, equals the amount saved in that period, the though admtttedll' both figures would be fairer and more nearly neutral tax system. present tax system reduces the proportion dlftlcult to find.) No perfectly neutral tax has ever been de­ of the economy's total production capabil­ In fact, the fraction of GNP represented vised, of course. Every tax changes the cost of ity allocated to capital formation. The na­ by gross returns to corporate capital ranged something relative to the cost of other things. tion's stock of capital is, as a consequence, from a low of 14 percent to a high of 17.7 Notwithstanding, tax pollcy should aim at less than it would be under a more neutral percent in the period 1947-53, averaging minimizing such distortions. Tax-induced re­ tax system and smaller in relation to the 15.4 percent. For the eight years 1966-73, lative cost changes distort the allocation of labor force. Unless someone has repealed the ratio was between 12.7 percent and 15.9 the economy's resources, and should be used the law of diminishing returns, the result is percent, and averaged 14.1 percent. only for special purposes. lower productivity and real wages for la­ Moreover, 1f one approximates corporate AGAXNST SAVING bor, less employment and lower total out­ profits from the National Income and Prod­ put. The present tax system 1s heavily weighted uct Accounts, making no adjustment for in­ against personal market-oriented effort and In this light, the antisaving bias in the ventory profits or for replacement cost for against those activities which increase pro­ present tax system is not a matter of con­ depreciation purposes (and basing capital ductivity and production capablllty. In par­ cern only to so-called "fat cats.'' The dis­ consumption allowances on straight-llne ticular, one finds that federal, state and local proportionately heavy taxation of savings depreciation and the very long service lives taxes greatly increase the cost of saving rela­ distorts the rela.tive costs of consumption assumed by the Commerce Department's tive to the cost of consumption, and of and saving for all of us. To be sure, the Bureau of Economic Analysis), the resulting, capital formation compared with consump­ higher one's tax bracket, the greater this very generous measure of corporate profits tion uses of available production capacity. distortion. But we are all savers as well as as a fraction of domestic GNP (gross domes­ In very large part, this bias against sav­ consumers, and we are all injured by a tax tic product) ranged between 10.9 percent ing is inherent in the income tax because system which increases the costs we must and 14.2 percent in the 1947-53 period. It the tax 1s levied both on the portion of cur­ incur to provide the additional income we was far lower in 1966-73, ranging from a low rent income wihch is saved and also on the want in the future for our retirement, for of 8 percent to a high of 11.5 percent. Fi­ future income purchased by the saving when provision against catastrophe, for educat­ nally, corporations were subject to a stiff the future income 1s realized. In contrast, ing our children, or simply to accumulate excess profits tax in 19~53, a monstrous income used for consumption 1s taxed only wealth. More generally irrespective of our fiscal mistake which was avoided during the once. individual saving proclivities, all of us bear Vietnam years. The wonder is not that cor­ To illustrate this income tax bias, imagine the cost of thiS antisaving bias in the form porate profits tax llablllties declined as a a no-tax economy. A person with $10,000 of of less total production capabU1ty, less to­ fraction of GNP between the two periods income might wish to use, say, $9,000 for tal output and less total income than we but that they dian't decline far more. current consumption and save the rematnlng might have. In any event, the pertinent tax policy is­ $1,000. Suppose the prevailing yield on saving And when account is taken of the fact sues on which the administration and the is 10%. Then his $1,000 of saving gives him tha.t labor receives two-thirds to three­ Congress should focus are not concerned an additional $100 of income each year so fourths of the additional income generated with small wriggles in the ratio ot corpo­ long as he maintains his capital intact. Since by additional capital, it is clear that the rate income tax 11ab111ties to GNP. The he can either consume or save his income, tax penalty on saving and capital forma­ most demanding of these issues 1s whether each dollar he saves 1s a dollar of foregone tion bears more heavily on wage and sal­ the United States should be content with a consumption. To obtain an additional $100 of ary earners than on coupon clippers. tax system that so severely penalizes pri­ income each year, he must forego $1,000 of Thus, a major concern of tax reform vate saving and capital formation compared consumption. The cost to him per dollar of should be ·to provide tax relief for saving. with consumption. Tax reform to reduce, additional income, then, is $10. The ultimate solution, very likely too dras­ 1f not to el1m1nate, this anttsaving bias Now suppose an income tax is imposed tic a step for the near future, is to remove should be seen not as tax favors for the· at a fiat rate of, say, 20%. The individual's current saving, no matter by whom or in well-to-do, but as benefiting everyone. Con­ disposable current income is reduced from what form, from the tax base while fully siderations such as these, one must hope, $10,000 to $8,000. Suppose he were to use taxing all of the gross returns on saving. wm be the stu1f of which Mr. Carter's pro­ his disposable income in the same propor­ Short of this fundamental revision, there gram 1s fashioned. tions as before: $7,200 for consumption and are any number of ways in which thiS re­ $800 for buying future income. With the lief might be provided in addition to the same yield, his $800 of saving will buy him two mentioned above. High on the list $80 of additional income per year. But he'll should be a substantial reduction in the corporate income tax, 1f not its outright U.S. CATHOLIC CONFERENCE URGES pay a tax of 20% on this additional income, "AYE" VOTES ON CUTS IN Mffii­ too, winding up with only $64 of after-tax repea.l. additional income. To obtain $64 more in­ The currently popular argument against TARY AID TO ARGENTINA, NICA­ come, he must now forego $800 of current reducing the tax barriers to saving and RAGUA, AND SOUTH KOREA consumption; the cost to him per dollar of capital formation is the assertion that additional income is now $12.50. Unless it there is no need to reduce corporate in­ is assumed the person is completely indif­ come taxes because they now contribute a HON. ROBERT F. DRINAN ferent to this change in relative costs, he smaller share of total tax revenues than OF MASSACHUSETI'S wlll not continue to save the same propor­ they used to. Professor Lester Thurow of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of his disposable income. Instead of MIT, for example, argued on this page re­ saving $800 out of his $8,000 of disposable cently ("Business Doesn't Need a Tax Tuesday, June 21, 1977 income, he'll save some lesser amount. Break," April 29) that decl1ntng corporate Mr DRINAN. Mr. Speaker, on June This isn't the end of the story. Adding in taxes had actually resulted in an increase in after-tax profits relative to GNP. He 22 the House of Representatives is the corporate income tax, the tax on capt­ scheduled to consider the foreign assist­ tal gains, state and local income and prop­ compared the periods of 1966-73 with 1947- erty taxes, federal and state estate, inher­ 53 and claimed to find that return to capi­ ance appropriation bill Latin America committee of the National Casey's pastoral qualities. The fact is that he the foremost supporters of the Catholic press Conference of Cathollc Bishops for several has never stopped being a pastor, and to hlm in the country-through his own award­ years, and traveled to South America in con­ the Paterson Diocese has been one large winning column, through his role as pub­ nection with that assignment. parish-a parish with problems, like all par­ lisher and prime promoter of The Beacon, His pastoral letters and other public state­ ishes, but at the same time one with all the and through his encouragement for Catholic ments as bishop of Paterson have centered love and happiness and satisfaction that a reading in general. All of us in the C81thol1c on both devotional responslbUlties and so­ vibrant parish w11l provide. press are richer for his efforts."--.James A. cial concerns of the Church. One of his most Doyle, executive director, Catholic Press widely-quoted pastorals dealt with the need Tllm'OTES TO BISHOP Association of Christians to follow Christ's message of "It is with sorrow and regret that I have love in dealing with those of other races. learned of Bishop Casey's resignation for Mr. Speaker, I know that you and our He has also been deeply concerned with reasons of health. His ministry as a bishop in colleagues here in the Congress would the growth of the permanent diaconate pro­ God's Church has been characterized by total want to join with me in a moment of gram and vocations in general: the quality devotion and service to those entrusted in silent prayer to the memory of a truly of religious education; handicapped children his care. He has been not only a personal great man whose lifetime of dedication, and adults; and Interfaith relations. friend but also a source of great admiration brotherly love, and good will in adminis­ Bl..shop Casey founded The Beacon shortly for me because of his exemplary qualltles as after beginning his assignment in Paterson. a bl..shop and leader of the Diocese of Pater­ tering to the cares and needs of our peo­ He was a regular contributor to the paper son. The state of New Jersey owes him much ple has placed him in the highest level with his weekly column, "By the Way," which for all he has done for our people. We shall of reverence and respect amongst all won the Catholic Press Association "best sorely miss him but we pray that God w111 mankind. Now, most assuredly, with spiritual column" award thiS year. A collec­ grant him comfort ln his lllness, and, if it abiding comfort in the faith that God tion of his favorite columns was published be His w111, a return to good health."­ had given him, the Most Reverend Law­ this year by Paullst Press under the title, Archblshop Peter L. Gerety of Newark rence B. Casey is reposing under the "The Heart Remembers, Too." "I admire Bishop Casey not only for the Almighty's eternal care. May he rest in Bishop Casey marked his 11th anniversary wa.y he has administered the diocese of Pa­ as bishop of Paterson in May, 1977, and has terson but also for his heroism ln the face of peace. held the post longer than any of his four serious Ulness. He did an extraordinary predecessors. amount of work, even in recent times when I'm sure he didn't feel up to lt at all. He was WHISTLE-BLOWERS HALL OF FAME: THE FIFTH BISHOP OJ' PATERSON: BISHOP not only a wonderful example to his priests, JOHN McGEE CASEY STEERED LocAL CHURCH THROUGH but to the lay people as well. I regret that YEARS OF PaOFO'UND CHANGE he found it necessary to step down. The (By Gerald M. Costello) diocese of Paterson holds nothing but happy HON. PATRICIA SCHROEDER The resignation of Bishop Casey as the memories for me, and I'm sorry that the OF COLORADO ftfth bishop of Paterson ends a term of 11 people of Paterson are losing such a fine IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES years during which the diocese-along with bishop and fine admlnlstrator."-Retired the rest of the American Church-under­ Archbishop Thomas A. Boland of Newark Tuesday, June 21, 1977 went a period of unprecedented change. "The news of Bishop Casey's resignation Mrs. SCHROEDER, Mr. Speaker, the On the national and international level, as the fifth bishop of the Church of Paterson Government employee I would like to Bishop Casey wm probably be best remem­ fills us with deep sorrow. Because of hls m­ bered as the bishop who enunciated the ness, Bishop Casey feels that he can no long­ bring to my colleagues' attention today position of the universal Church in the cele­ er give the full measure of service that has is John McGee, an engineer who blew brated case of Karen Ann Quinlan. But at always been characteristic of his 47 years the whistle on the black market theft of home, in Paterson, he will be thought of as of pastoral ministry to the People of God in U.S. fuel supplies to Southeast Asia. the bl..shop who steered the local church the Church of Paterson and in the Church Mr. McGee's story is taken from a through the far-reaching changes of the of Rochester. Bishop Casey has, indeed, Washington Monthly article by Taylor post-Vatican n years. With some Cathollcs served the Lord and His people well. Branch entitled "Courage Without Es­ opposed to any change at all and others eager "My auxlllary bishops and the entire to see a thorough overhaul, it was a period Church of Rochester join me in expressing teem: Profiles in Whistle-Blowing" which called for leadership skllled in the our gratitude to Bishop Casey for the many copyrighted May 1971: arts of compromise and reconciliation-an blessings his ministry has brought to our WHISTLE-BLOWERS HALL 011' FAME: area in which Bishop Casey has been espe­ llves. May the Lord now sustain him ln hls JoHN McGEE cially effective. lllness."-Blshop Joseph L. Hogan of Roches­ Most whistle-blowers receive treatment in That the diocese has been able to weather ter the Fitzgerald mold, but without the noto­ the storm of the postconclllar years so well "It is extremely d111lcult for me to accept riety. Take John M. McGee, for example. A is not only a tribute to the bishop, it is a the reality that Bishop Lawrence Casey will middle-level engineer, he went to Bangkok reflection of the change in attitudes which be without admlnlstratlve and pastoral re­ in May, 1967, to monitor the dellvery of he underwent himself---and in which he has sponslbllltles. That is the image of him petroleum, oil, and lubricants (POL) to taken a particular pride. which I have fondly had for more than 35 Thailand and South Vietnam for the Navy Many other bishops in his age group re­ years. His w11lingness to serve the Church, Fuel Supply omce. He immediately began turned from the Vatican Council with a its priests, religious and laity with compas­ complaining to his supervisor, Arlie Rankin, fuller appreciation of the problems of the sionate understanding and dynamic zeal has that huge quantities of petroleum were be­ Church throughout the world, but without always inspired my appreciation and admlra­ Ing stolen for a well-organized black market any profound change ln their own style of tion."-Blshop John A. Donovan of Toledo because of a lax and corrupt system of in­ leadership. That was not the case with "Bishop Casey's resignation marks the end voice controls. "He told me that everything Bishop Casey. He attended all four sessions of a wonderful era for the P<erson Diocese. had gone smoothly before I arrived, and that of the Council and returned to Rochester For the diocese as a whole he has been an he would have me fired if I caused any trou­ with a new vision of the Church. Acutely outstanding leader and splrltual guide; on a ble," said McGee... That's when we began to attuned to the need for reform, he looked for personal level he is a good friend as much develop personallty differences, because I new ways to use his own position to place as 'the man in charge.' Bishop Casey has wanted to get an investigation into the the Church squarely ln step with the times. worked tirelessly for this diocese and its peo­ whole mess. The delivery system 1s so blg The opportunity came with his appoint­ ple; I hope the Lord will give him comfort and confusing that even the omctals don't ment to the Paterson Diocese in the spring in the days ahea.d."-Msgr. Joseph R. Brestel, really know who's responsible." of 1966, a scant few months after the Coun­ vicar general Things deteriorated rapidly after McGee cil ended. "It is impossible to think of Bishop Casey wrote the Navy Fuel Supply omce in Wash­ Under this style of leadership, Paterson as 'stepping down.' He never shied away from ington and requested (without success) that earned a reputation as a diocese where a anything. His courage 1n leadership now gives headquarters look into the monitoring sys­ progressive spirit flourished and responsible way to courage in sufl'erlng. His resignation tem. Supervisor Rankin finally took the experimentation was welcome. At the same from omce is resignation to Gods wm. Now highly unorthodox step of ordering McGee time, it has been known as a diocese which that he has been relieved of the heavy bur­ to stay out of his omce (where the records never lost its respect for traditional values. dens of the position which he bore so well were kept) and to communicate only in It was a style of leadership which several these past 11 years, I pray with all the people postmarked letters. "It's kind o! fu.nny, years ago earned Bishop Casey a descrip­ of the diocese and his many other friends looking back on it," says McGee, "but at tion-from the Jesuit theologian., Father that this great bishop and friend w1ll have the time I dldn 't think so. I mean. here were 20218 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 two grown men working closely together on cola. Florida. This took place on the direct 1975 Helsinki accords on European security, a multi-mllllon dollar operation and play­ order of Secretary of the Navy John Chafee, whlch contains certain guarantees on human ing Uke little kids. We saw each other every reacting to severe pressure from Senators rights. This 1s the provision that has oc­ day but business had to be conducted by Proxmire and Montoya. McGee arrived. in cupied such a dominant role in the evolving mail, with big postal delays. One week he Pensacola and was assigned to a nonexistent foreign policy of the Carter administration. wrote me 17 letters and I had to reply. program, which required him only to keep The conference will provide the first nose­ Pretty soon I got fed up and complained to up with correspondence regarding its pro­ to-nose confrontation of Washington and him, in a letter, that our communications posed birth. The program, which McGee be­ Moscow on a public platform since President system was 'gobbledy-gook.' Then he cited lieves is a good one, began a little more than Carter assigned human rights his top prior­ me for disrespect in an official letter of a yea.r later: but it 1s Rtill 1n preliminary ity shortly after taking omce. It will follow reprimand, on the grounds that I had called snarls, understatred, and beset with all the what can only be described as a good deal his correspondence system 'gobbledy-gook.' " problems of low priority. · of pushing and shoving behind the facade This document, known as the "gobbledy­ "I am still radioactive around here,' says of stolidity maintained by the two global gook reprimand," was appealed up through McGee. "I have been for more than three giants. the NFSO personnel command, but the ap­ years. Once you go outside with criticism, Whlle increasing numbers of friends of peal was not acted upon. McGee appealed that happens to you. The people down here the United States confess frankly their be­ through grievance channels to the Com­ are afraid that I'll find some small skeletons wilderment at the President's sharp em­ manding Oftlcer of the NFSO, Captain Rich­ in their closet. No matter how much I try to phasis on human rights to the exclusion of ard Jones, for an investigation of the POL explain the circumstances of the petroleum other problems and seek clues as to what our system and was turned down. He then asked incident, they still think I'm a risk. And real foreign policy 1s as lt relates to black for an investigation by the Air Force Office most of the people resent me, too. They know Mrica, for instance, or the Middle East, or of Special Investigations, which did probe that Secretary Chafee put me down here, the foundering economies in Europe, a the matter but classU'led its report and ftled and they telleve that I got my Job because definite response seems to be shaping up in it away. He then wrote for help from the ClvU of political pull with Senators-that I'm a the Kremlin. Service Commission, which declined and privlleged character. It's no fun, but your This counter-move by the Kremlin, which termed the matter a "personallty disagree­ skin gets pretty thick after awhile." can surface at Belgrade, may seek to link meni" after consulting-in standard pro­ John McGee plans to stick it out with the human rights activists inside Russia with cedure McGee's supervisor. Finally, McGee government because he has so many years lllegal activities of the Central Intelllgence received a personal visit from an authoriZed invested toward retirement and because he Agency, an effort to bring worldwide embar­ representative of the NFSO Commanding can't get a good Job recommendation. He rassment to the U.S. Oftlcer wh o delivered a "resign or be fired" is discouraged that his actions and the GAO In addition, The Hearst Newspapers' White ultimatum. reports have not really cleaned up the POL House correspondent, John P. Wallach, has "That was the real turning point," recalls delivery system in Southeast Asia. learned that Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev McGee. "Resigning would have meant breach Of course, McGee's controversy concerned w111 appear before the Supreme Soviet to de­ of contract, and I would have been required a relatively major. scandal, though small com­ fend his sudden flrlng of President Nikolai to pay for transporting my family and be­ pared to the c-5A, and the GAO reports ac­ Podgorny on the basis that Podgorny was an longings back to the States and to reimburse tually took it to the back pages of some "enemy of detente" who attempted to blame the Navy for sending me over. Getting fired newspapers. Nothing at all is heard about Moscow's increasing human rights problems would have meant that I couldn't expect to more puny fish. "There is no telling the on the 1975 Helsinki accords. get another job. I would have had to buckle number of people who get quick medical Key man in the Kremlin's force play 1s under and do what they wanted, except thll.t discharges after they make wa. ves or speak Russian dissident Anatoly Sharansky, 29 I tape recorded the ultimatum conversation, out,'' says B. B. Bray, staff director and fed­ years old and a Jew, who, according to a and the guy really hit the celling when I eral employee ombudsman for a House sub­ Moscow prosecutor wlll be tried for treason, told him because he knew the ultimatum was committee. "They get sent to a psychiatrist a crime that can be punished by death be­ lllegal." and then out, or they get reorganized. The fore a firing squad. The Kremlin spokesman In March, 1968, John McGee, disabled war personnel people say well he's got a rue this alluded also to a link between Sharansky thick, which indicates that he has a. poor veteran with a soft country accent, who "just and the CIA. It evoked memories of the anti~ personality, a bad disposition, and that no­ wanted to get to the bottom of this"-blew ~erican trial of U-2 pilot Francis Gar1 the whistle by writing a letter to Senator body can get along with him. Powers 1n 1960., and related the spectre of a W1llia.m Proxmire. The Senator demanded an "Things hav.en't gotten a bit better in the repeat performance of that nasty episode. investigation by the General Accounting Of­ last 10 years, and maybe worse,'' he con­ There is here, on the eve of the Belgrade flee, and a preliminary report showed that tinued. "The system is such that responsibll­ conference, the first tangible effort by a 52 per cent of au petroleum dellveries to ity never gets pinned down to those people major power to discredit carter's human Thailand (about 5.5 m1111on gallons) had who hurt the public. Not only do they fire rights campaign. If Moscow continues to been stolen over a 10-month period in 1967. the complainants, but they get promoted. "expose" its dissidents as spies for the United The situation looked worse in South Viet­ There is a cancerous element in these thin~: States, it wlll just about neutraliZe any issue nam. The GAO released a more complete re­ the agencies are more interested in finding of human rights. "Spies"-real spies, that port on July 28, 1970, which detailed the tech­ out who complained than in the substance is-are not accorded such things as human of the comolaint. The Pentagon will spend rights. niques of the theft and the weaknesses of a thousand dollars to cover up a nickel control. Although both the on companies and error, and the other departments aren't much The whole issue of the violation of hu­ the government agencies are required to keep man rights is, of course, based on the most better. I've talked to an awful lot of em­ noble of ideals. No one can possibly deny, records for inspection, the GAO study was olovees who are afraid of becoming another limited and contained no precise estimates as an ultimate worldwide goal, the sanctity of the problem "because of the nona.vailabil­ Fitzgerald.'' of human rights for all people. It must be ity of knowledgeable personnel and of per­ admitted, however, that Mr. Carter's posture tinent records pertaining to POL activities in in this area is confusing. Southeast Asia. . . .'' The petroleum thefts THE UNITED STATES AND HUMAN The Administration became downright were carried on by organiZed rings of truck RIGHTS churllsh in condemning a half-dozen Latin drivers and others, who sold the goods on American nations for human rights viola­ the black market. They did very well. So did tions, but seeks to establish diplomatic rela­ the American oil companies, because the gov­ HON. ROBERT J. LAGOMARSINO tions with both Cub& and Hanoi where ernment w.as forced to step up its POL orders OF CALIFORNIA human Uves-never mind human rights­ to make up for the stolen quantities. Every­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have small value. We forge ahead with diplo­ one was getting along nicely except the pub­ matic relations with Red China which is lic, a critical but distant party to the ar­ Tuesday, June 21, 1977 quite possibly the world's record-holder in rangement. And the public didn't seem to Mr. LAGOMARSINO. Mr. Speaker, I pol1tical deaths and ideological incarcera­ mind, which is why McGee looked so foolish tions, while wagging our finger at Russia., when he rocked the boat on the taxpayers' would like to bring to the attention of many of whose dissidents have vocal friends behalf. my colleagues the following editorial. It back in the U.S. or other Western capitals. Having exposed a major scandal against the appeared in the June lZ, 1977, issue of What troubles the world, and should trou­ public interest. John McGee received the the Hearst newspapers and comments on ble our own diplomatic corps, is this nation's whistle-blower's reward and was transferred the · Carter administration's policy on inconsistency about human rights. We are to Washington, where he was filed away in human rights: not applying our pressure evenly. In some respects we're like bull-headed drivers who the bureaucracy. "I didn't have any job or THE U.S. AND HUMAN RIGHTS ~~ony duties,'' he said. "I just occupied a desk. elect to be clobbered so we can maintain our I read the Post in the morning and the (By Wlllla.m Randolph Hearst, Jr.) right of way. Daily News in the afternoon." NEw YoRK.-Tbe leaders of 35 nations will For example, in a speech thwt was virtually After more than six months of these tasks, meet in Belgrade starting Wednesday­ ignored by the press last week, Robert S. he was again transferred in June, 1969, to among them the United States and the So­ Strauss, Mr. Carter's special trade represent­ a. bureaucratic Siberia substitute at Pensa- viet Union-for the purpose of reviewing the ative, told 200 bankers, consuls and UN am- June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20219 bassadors that in Mr. Carter's system of I present this other view for my col­ My wlte sighed. "I wish Anita Bryant priorities, the fostering of human rights leagues• review. cared as much about clean air as she does abroad comes ahead of expanding American The article follows: about homosexuals. I'll bet you we'd get foreign trade. some action then." This statement startled many of the in­ FOB SAFETY'S SAKE, STop BREATHING ternational business leaders in attendance, (By Art Buchwald) for they know how many countries-those in My weatherman came on the TV screen the so-called Second World as well as in the the other night and, after predicting warm DIMINISHING DEMOCRACY BY Third World-are eagerly awaiting expanded and humid temperatures, he said, "As !or u.s. trade to solve many of their problems. the air-quality index, it's very unhealthy and ENLARGING IT They wonder, !or instance, 1! the human should stay that way for a !ew days." right of free expression transcends the hu­ Then the news show went to a commercial man right to eat, and which, in the order of showing two elderly people sitting in a canoe HON. ROBERT E. BADHAM priori ties, should come first. on a quiet river talking about "occasional OJ' CALIFORNIA The Carter people have been dabbling at irregularity" and what they do about it. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES foreign policy for six months now, and it While the commercial was on my wife said seems to me that lf may be time to wonder to me "What does it mean?" Tuesday, June 21, 1977 1! our leaders are not being too simplistic in "what does wha.t mean?" I said. Mr. BADHAM. Mr. Speaker, as the their great pronouncements. There has been "The business about the air quality being Members of this House prepare for con­ an uncommon amount of gear-shifting and unhealthy." back-tracking on the part of too many of "I guess 1t means that the air ls not ftt sideration of the instant voter registra­ the leaders who a.re supposed to be speak­ to breathe for the next few days." tion proposal I hope that every Member ing for all of us. These amenders of state­ "Then what are we supposed to do?" she 1s thinking about the implications of the ments range from the President, himself, to wanted to know. proposal and the effect passage might our tongue-tumbling ambassador to the UN, "That's a good question. It's probably not have on our republican form of govern­ Andrew Young. serious or they wouldn't have mentioned it ment. This 1s an appropriate time, there­ Diplomacy is a clifilcult art. Most of all lt on television. Otherwise people would panic, fore, for the points raised in a recent is predicated on the prinCiple ln physics that and 1! they pa.ntcked they wouldn't buy for every action there is an equal and op­ whatever they're trying to sell on TV." editorial of the New Republic to be con­ posite reaction. Increasingly, an observer of "How come," my wife wanted to know, sidered by every Member of the House. the Carter operation has the feeling that our "the government bans everyt hing that is I insert the text of this editorial with spokesmen and pollcymakers are not gauging dangerous to our health but permits the air my remarks in the hope that a large or estimating prospective reactions. we breathe to remain polluted?" number of my colleagues will take the There is reason to believe that we have "Well, in the Washington area we don't time to read and consider this most im­ booted our responsibUity in Africa, prob­ have any industry so all the bad air comes portant editorial: ably because of our over simplified think­ from the exhausts of automobiles. You can't [From the New Republic, June 18, 1977] ing, to the extent that some of our allies w1ll ban automobiles no matter how dangerous now have to bail us out. they are to your health." DnaNlsHING DEMOCRACY BY ENLARGING IT It is obviously the opinion of Ambassador "Why doesn't the government demand they "The same voices that opposed women's Young, as well as of his boss, President car­ make automob1les that don't pollute the air?" suffrage, registration of blacks and the 18- ter, that the basic issue in Africa is black "It's been trying to !or some time, but year old vote are at work," charges Demo­ versus white. And that since blacks are In every time it sets a time schedule for new cratic National Chairman Kenneth Curtis. the majority, they must, perforce, ultimately clear air standards, the auto lobbyists get Curtis ls referring to the down-the-llne op­ win in any showdown for power. There is, Congress to postpone it." position by Republicans in Congress to the however, much more to it than that. "Don't the lobbyists breathe the same air highest priority item in President Carter's Paris correspondent Bernard D. Kaplan, we do?" election reform package-universal voter in a dispatch to The Hearst Newspapers, re­ "I imagine they do. But they have to registration. The plan. scheduled to reach vealed a few days ago that French President weigh the fees they get for lobbying against the House ftoor later this month, would Valerie Giscard d'Estalng sought unsuccess­ their own health. Besides, it's my under­ permit a citizen of voting age with an ap­ fully to convince President Carter that the standing that the automobile companies propriate identity card (such as a driver's U.S. has responsibllities to help the pro­ have excellent medical plans !or their lob­ license) to show up at the polls on election Western anti-Marxist regimes in black byists, including free vacations to Arizona, day, register and vote for President, senator Africa. in case they get sick from breathing all the and Representative. gunk in the air." FaUing to make out a case with Cart~. the Let's get the politics of this proposition up French President has been active in both "You would think congressmen would front. Last November, 45 mlllion Americans east and west Africa in bringing aid-and sup­ care about air quality. After all, they and who were ellgible to vote did not cast bal­ port to the harassed anti-leftist regimes that their famllies have to breathe the same air," lots. A substantial proportion of these were wish to stand with the Western World, but she said. not registered, and it is a fair guess that are receiving no other support from the "Congressmen are more concerned with most of the non-registrants are nominally or West. votes than they are with living. It you told potentially Democrats. That likelihood ts One would think we should have learned a congressman he could get the United agreed to on both sides of the aisle, and it our lesson in Angola, where we turned our Auto Workers' union backing in his district is public knowledge that President Carter's back on appeals for help from the anti­ 1! he stuck his nose in the tailpipe of a advisers have told him that liberalization of Marxist forces and surrendered that country tra1ler truck, he'd do it." registration laws and procedures could be and its vital mUitary base to the Soviet and "How bad does the air quality on TV have crucial to his reelection efforts. But universal Cuba. to get before someone w1ll do something registration is being sold and resisted for about it?" other reasons besides the fact that it consti­ Just as it ts wrong to view Africa's prob­ "Pretty bad. I think it the weatherman lems as merely black or white, it is improper tutes another leg up for the majority party. keeled over as he was giving his forecast, Voter turnout reached a modern high of to believe that any other diplomatic issues then people might get upset. But we're so are clearly defined as black or white-and 63 percent in 1960 and has dropped steadily used to having hlm tell how dangerous the ever since, down to 53 percent in last year's that includes the issue of human rights. pollution is that nobody pays any attention Things are just not all that simple. election. For reasons not altogether clear. to him any more." this decline in voting ts commonly regarded "Why doesn't the President do something as a certain indication that the democracy about it?" my wife asked. "He and Rosalynn is faltering. Voting is good citizenship, say and Amy are all breathing the same air we the civics texts. and when people stay away ANOTHER VIEW ON AIR POLLUTION are." in droves, something must be wrong and LEGISLATION "They never tell the President what the something must be done about it. So the pollution count_ is in Washington because admlnistration's impulse to act hinges on they're afraid he'd move back to Plains. Ga. the unstated theory that when participation HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. The most they do 1s keep hlm out of the falis below a heretofore unspec11led level, OJ' CALIFORNIA Rose Garden on a bad day." the federal government acquires the duty to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "I don't understand," she said. "This ts prime the pump, to devise some means to the capital of the nation. People here have stimulate turnout. Tuesday, June 21, 1977 the power to do anything they want to, in­ The administration's theory 1s that non­ Mr. BROWN of California, Mr. Speak­ cluding blowing up the world, and no one voters are being deterred by restrictive and er, in this morning's Washington Post does a thing about us poisoning each other unnecessary registration requirements. At­ to death." torney General Grlflln Bell focused this argu­ there appeared another view on why the "That's not their job," I said. "All Wash­ ment when he told the House Administra­ Clean Air Act legislation has not yet ington is concerned with 1s death and taxes­ tion Committee that most state registration cleaned up the air. and we seem to be getting both." laws constituted a form of discrlmlnatlon CXXIII--1272-Part 16 20220 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 against "those who are less educated, less other places around the country where elec­ on the upswing; ideology and issues are more affluent, more urban and nonwhite" by mak­ tion fraud is, or until recently has been, a important even as they are muted by tele­ ing it harder for them to vote. Bell did not way of life. Election ofilcials from some of vision's leveling effects; and traditionally in­ supply many particulars. But it is true that these places--Democrats as well as Republl­ active segments of the electorate are seeking the U.S. remains the only major democracy cans-have argued vigorously against uni­ representation and political expression where the responsib111ty to register lies en­ versal registration on the grounds that the through the ballot box. tirely with the citizen, and thus laziness, proposed guarantees against fraud will not There is something to be said for the Amer­ indifference, inconvenience and forgetfulness protect the integrity of the system. Who ican textbook model ot citizenship. Voting, to are free to prey upon the turnout statistics. should know better? paraphrase John Stuart Mlll in his essay on It is also true that in the last two states In fact, the proposed safeguards in the de Tocquevllle, is one of the things the indi­ where universal registration was tried last administration's blll are clearly inadequate. vidual does for the public; not only is the year, Minnesota and Wisconsin, voter turn­ Of course there would no longer be an of­ commonweal his weal-it partly depends on out increased by three and a half percent. ficial, certified list of all eligible voters, nor his exertions. Representative democracy And it is possible that some aspects of any possib111ty of signature verification. The should not be judged on the basis of how our current registration system constitute blll provides for a post-election audit of many people can be hectored, cajoled, an abridgement or denial of the right to five percent of all election day registrants. shammed or trucked to the polls, but on how vote. If so, they should be struck down, What happens when It Is found that some of many citizens will take the trouble to prop­ go the way of literacy tests and lengthy these were deceased voters reincarnated for erly qualify, inform themselves and wllllngly residency requirements. The Attorney Gen­ one more day of good citizenship? Precisely discharge the franchise. Voting should be eral is in a good position to effect that nothing, because with the secret ballot made as easy and convenient as possible so change. But it is quite a different proposition there is no way of knowing whether or how long as ease, convenience and turnout are to dislodge a registration procedure (in these post-mortem voters affected the out­ not valued ahead of the integrity and the effect since the turn of the century) 1n an come. A party leader 1D Baltimore said, "This substance of the democratic process itself. effort to produce a higher turnout at the legislation will make a crook out of me." . polls. We believe lt is the obligation of the The temptation to steal will be so great and federal government to eliminate unreason­ the system will make it so easy, he says, that able or arbitrary barriers to the free exer­ he'll have to do it on grounds that this coun­ PUBLIC FINANCING OF CONGRES­ cise of the franchise, but not to assure terpart would never be able to resist. SIONAL CAMPAIGNS that a certain acceptable level of voters ex­ We believe the problem of potential fraud ercise that franchise. Is quite serious and the Democrats are mak­ What if election day registration doesn't ing a serious mistake in treating It as a par­ tisan matter. A memorandum prepared in the HON. CHARLES E. WIGG.INS work? What if we abandon preregistration OF CALIFORNIA in return for the same marginal Increases criminal division of the Justice Department nationwide as were recorded in Minnesota details some of the fears of those who must IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and Wisconsin, then discover that the same prosecute electoral fraud. The memorandum Tuesday, June 21, 1977 tendency toward declining participation re­ makes clear that fraud is widespread In both appears? What next? Voting by telephone? state and federal elections, and that the Mr. WIGGINS. Mr. Speaker, the fol­ Forcing people to vote? After all, recent de­ proposed safeguards in the current blll are lowing statement was made by Mr. clines in voting have coincided precisely with not only inadequate to pollee the new regis­ Thomas McCoy, a Washington fund­ the elimination of most major barriers to trants, but would ellminate the bases for raiser, before the House Administration registration, suggesting that there may be most successful vote fraud prosecutions un­ der curent laws. Committee in opposition to public fi­ other causes for declining participation. We are being asked to trade off any serious nancing of congressional campaigns. Indeed there are. In the past few years, hope of protecting the integrity of the vot­ The statement is so utterly refreshing voting analysts have begun to chart a change ing llsts In return for potentially higher in its candor and its commonsense as to in the meaning of the response, "I am not turnout. With the safeguards gone, the public interested in politics." Lack of interest used deserve reproduction here. wlll be more receptive to charges of electoral Public financing of campaigns has to mean apathy; it distinguished the passive, fraud. And 1f those who forewarn of whole­ quiescent citizen from those for whom poll­ sale fraud are remotely correct in their esti­ been characterized as a reform. It is not. tics were relevant or important. Now ex­ mates, the whole business will surely con­ It does not solve problems: it creates pressions of disinterest have come to in­ tinue the spiral of decllning confidence in them. dicate a conscious rejection of politics rather the American political process. Rarely has a witness on this issue been than an apathetic withdrawal. A majority The Carter electoral reform package also more squarely on target. The views of of citizens who tell pollsters they have no includes abolition of the electoral college Mr. McCoy are worthy of the careful interest 1D politics are disenchanted or dis­ (see "A Bad Idea Whose Time H3s Come," trustful. Many citizens don't vote because TNB, May 7). One problem we have with that scrutiny of each Member. they don't think their vote counts for much idea is the danger .of a deadlock and demands STATEMENT or they don't consider voting an effective for- a recount if the vote is close. Consider (By Thomas McCoy) way to achieve change. During last year's what happens when these two proposals are Mr. Chairman and Members of the Com­ primaries, where overall turnout was about combined. Ballot tampering, which now one third, they added another reason, one mittee: usually is restricted to local races, would My name 1s Thomas McCoy. I am·a political that is a more fundamental indictment of carry an enormous premium: the stakes in­ the democratic process. "Im not voting be­ fundraising consultant with omces 1D Wash­ volved in election fraud are just as high as ington. I am testifying at my request to urge cause I dont want to feel responsible for the the power of the elective omces in dispute. result," is what they said. the rejection of the Campaign Financing Act One fraudulent presidential vote in Phila­ of 1977 and to urge that you at least consider Following Indochina and Watergate, re­ delphia wlll be precisely equal to one legiti­ the repeal of the 1974 amendments to the spect for American institutions and leaders mate vote cast in Minneapolis. In the case Campaign Reform Act of 1971, and that por­ dropped to an all time low. Jimmy Carter of a close election-like 1960 when Kennedy knows all this. It elected him. Why is it so tion of the 1971 Act providing for Public beat Nixon by 110,000 out of 68 million votes Financing of Presidential General Elections. surprising that declining confidence on the cast-the validity of every vote in the country part of citizens shows up In a short-term would be thrown into doubt, and chaos could First, I think we should clear up the ques­ trend toward non-voting? Universal registra­ result. tion of what we are talking about. We are not tion masks the symptoms, but it doesn't Turnout in America was highest during the talking about "public financing of elec­ treat the cause. It won't help cure the under­ latter decades of the 19th century, but the tions"-we have always had that-we are lying attitudes of frustration and disbelief to 70 and 80 percent levels were swelled by talking about using taxpayers• money to temporarily hype the voting turnout statis­ notorious double voting. Voter registration finance campaigns. These are two different tics. was initially instituted around the turn of things. The issue has been masquerading In opposing universal voter registration, the century precisely to reduce such fraud. under a misnomer since its inception and Republicans have raised the spectre of mas­ From the day the reform began, however, it I think in fairness to the public it should sive fraud. This has been brushed aside as had the accompanying effect of diminishing be stopped. I have been as guilty as others partisan scare tactics. It is quite true that the size of the electorate by call1ng on citi­ In using a misleading euphemism to cover there were no instances of fraud last year zens to do more than merely turn up or be the Issue. in Minnesota and Wisconsin. There almost turned up at the polls. The Campaign Reform Act of 1971 was never are 1D those states. We would find the Focusing exclusively on turnout percent­ a valuable addition to campaign legislation evidence more convincing if it came from ages obscures some grounds for optimism in that it provided for full disclosure of Mingo County, West Virginia; East Los An­ which may be found in electoral trends today. contributions and expenditures. In con­ geles, California; Newark, New Jersey; Phila­ With the growth of voter independence from sequence it permitted voters to make more delphia, Pennsylvania; Cook County or East the straight party-line habit, voting 1s more educated judgments on what klnd of finan­ St. Louis, IDinols; Providence, Rhode Island; sophisticated and conforms more closely than cial support a candidate received, from Baltimore, Maryland; or Plaquemines or st. ever to the textbook model of an informed, whom, and whether or not there was any Bernard parish in Louisiana; or some of the issue-oriented electorate. Ticket-splitting is relationship between a member's votes and June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20221 his contributors' interests. It accompllshed In 1976, the voters 1n Oregon voted down the point of view of auditing. The Federal its objective of a more enlightened elector­ taxpayer financing of state elections 2 to 1. Election Commission has a FY '77 budget of ate without the suggestion that elected of­ Mr. Chairman: I am a liberal Democrat 8 mllllon dollars. They have only had the ficials are so inherently venal that they must and also a small d democrat. The pubUc was auditing responstbllities for 15 candidates. be restricted in their political associations. asked to consider a proposition and they re­ Imagine the size of the budget and staff re­ The Campaign Reform Act of 1974 and jected 1t. It is now proposed that Congress quired to auc::.tt 1,000 matching funds ac­ the proposed new legislation rest on a totally tell them they must accept that which they counts, contributors and expenditures. d11ferent premise---one that I believe to be have refused and an additional plate as well It has taken the FEC the 12 months since totally wrong. The unstated proposition is: because it 1s good !or them. This 1s a concept Mllton Shapp dropped out of the Presiden­ that the polltical stream has become so so elitist as to be offensive to anyone who tlal contest to determine that certain of polluted by campaign contributions that believes in democracy. Either the people are his contributions were improper. We stlll it presents a hazard to the public and fur­ sovereign or they are not. don't know anything about the propriety of ther that the public has become so con­ No one will deny the inherent power of either the Ford or Carter accounts because cerned over this condition that they have Congress to appropriate any amount of they have not yet been audited or 1f they lost all confidence in the quality of the water money, however silly the purpose. This 1s have, the Comm.lsslon has not seen flt to and demand that these pollutants be kept clearly a risk and a benefit of representative release same. What happens 1f the FEC now out of the stream. If these corrupting ele­ government. Such, however, 1s not the situa­ discovers that either the Ford or Carter ments are replaced with pure taxpayers' tion in the case in hand. Congress, unwilling campaign had a few improper contributions money, everything w111 be all right and to make a direct appropriation for the fi­ in their first flllngs for certiflcatton. Do we the public confidence Will be restored. nancing of campaigns, unsure of the public run the election over-Reagan against Car­ Nothing could be further from the truth. will, chose a device, "the dollar checkoff", to ter, Ford against Udall? I don't know, but test that will. Well, the test has been given U they had not been certlfled they probably I am pleased to say that I have worked and the proposition has falled. couldn't have gone on to nomination. professionally in behalf of a number of in­ WHAT SHOULD BE DONE I believe the Congress should stop play­ cumbent Congressmen and Senators. I am ing games With the political system that has furt her pleased to state my belief that none In the first place you should reject the Common Cause thesiS that the Congress of served th1s nation well-not perfectly-but of them, nor any other of the other candi­ well for 2 hundred years. Let us assume the dates for public omce for whom I have the United States 1s one big vending ma­ chine. You are asked to believe that the basic decency of elected ofllcials untll it worked, have sold their votes or compromised 1s otherwl.se proven. When it 1s proven, their obllgatton to the public for campaign United Auto Workers can make a major con­ tribution and buy a vote, and that the bank­ then let the voters determine their future. contributions of whatever size. There is no No campaign contribution is going to cor­ evidence of which I am aware that any ers can stand in line and make their con­ tributions and buy a vote o! their choosing. rupt an honest man and no campaign reform Senators or Congressmen so betray their law 1s going to keep a crook from selllng trust for campaign contributions. It simply 1s not so. John Gardner says, "A lot of Congressmen were bought and sold 1n his vote. The proponents of election con­ There is no poll of which I am aware that trol will cite the case of Tongsun Park and 1976, Just Uke the good o:d days. • • ." Inas­ shows any lack of voter confidence in elected the socalled "Korean Bribery Scandal". I much as he names none, he damns the entire omctals that results from or is related to know of no vote of interest to Korea tha.t campaign contributions. bodies. If John Gardner knows and I repeat knows was cast beca.use of a campaign contri­ The only poll we have had on the subject, of any single member of Congress who was bution. of any worth, ls the use of the dollar check­ bought, or has sold himself, he has an obliga­ Mr. Chairman: We have come to a point In off on Federal Income Tax Returns. that tion to make this public. The fact is, he does 1n America where the .. there ought to be a poll the taxpayers have rejected taxpayer not and he cannot. law'' syndrome seems to be a strong force. financing of campaigns by large margin. In If you decide that taxpayer financing 1s As one who calls himself a liberal, I ftnd fact only 26% of the taxpayers have ever not in the public interest, then you wlll have myself disturbed by this trend because I voted in favor. Whlle you w1ll be told that to consider seriously the repeal of the con­ find that too often these suggested laws pose the result reflects a lack of understanding tribution 11mits contained tn the '74 Act. The a threat to personal freedom and lnitiatives. and general apathy, I have reached a dif­ Supreme Court's rejection o! expenditure They generally are aimed at or result 1n ferent conclusion. I believe that the vast limits in the Buckley case has left us With a social control. There are necessarily, laws majority of citizens reject the basic premise situation so manifestly unfair to poor candi­ that attempt to control social behavior and that their lawmakers are corrupt or corrupt­ dates running against rich ones that I belleve are Justifled. I am convinced, however, that ible and I believe that they have reached the Congress should do away with all Umlts such control should only be applied 1n the this conclusion With reason. That reason be­ and let the candidates raise what they Will, face of a clear and present danger and in ing that by and large they have been well from whomever they will, ln whatever the the case of campaign financing, that served by a group of honorable and respon­ amounts they can. When the contributions danger has not been demonstrated. sible men and women who have voted in are reported, their constituents will make the manner they believed best served the their Judgements ancl vote accordingly and public interest. democracy will be enhanced and not hlP­ LAG IN BUILDING BREEDER PLANTS I have come to my present position With dered by artiflclal devices. TERMED COSTLY regard to taxpayer financing of campaigns Any system is wrong that permits a Mr. reluctantly. HeinZ to spend 2 million dolltu"s of his own In 1972 I thought the idea was worthy of money 1n his own behalf and denies a Mr. HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE a test and I helped form The Dollar Check­ Green the right to accept a contribution in off Committee. We requested and received excess o! $1,000, however pure the motives of OJ' '1'EXAS the support of Senators Brooke, Case, Clark hls potential large contributors. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and Pell and Congressmen Anderson, Cohen, One obvious problem with contribution Tuesday, June 21, 1977 Seiberling and Udall. We raised a llttle money llmlts 1s that they deny the ablllty of a and did malllngs to major employers, public group, however small, o! mounting a real Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, a recent and private, trade unions and trade associa­ effort 1n behalf of a controversial candidate article in the New York Times by Victor tions, urglng them to engage 1n educational raising an important issue. efforts to make the public aware of the new K. McElheny underscores the potential It has been stated that under the present problems associated with the delay in opportunity to participate tn public financ­ law there could have been no McCarthy ing of elections. Campaign 1n '68 when a handful of people developing the nuclear energy breeder The results unfortunately were not what put up the two hundred thousand dollars option. I commend this to my colleagues I had hoped but they were informative. The necessary for the New Hampshire primary. who will be faced with a vote on this is­ conclusion 1s simple. The majority of the In this regard it seems to me you should sue in the near future: people will not accept the product even when consider the effects of this kind of leglsla· [Prom the New York Times, May SO, 1977} it 1s given away. They were offered an oppor­ tion on volunteers who have until now LAG IN BUILDING BREEDER PLANTS 'l'EBMED tunity at no apparent cost and they rejected played an important role 1n campaigns. It 1s it. pure conjecture on my part, but my guess COSTLY When the publlc understands fully that 1s that with every further encroachment by (By Victor K. McElheny) they bear the costs, the outcome is even government into the election process there Delays 1n developing breeder nuclear power more decisive. The people of Maryland were 1s no less reason for citizen involvement. The plants could cost the United States economy permltted to add on 2 dollars to their tax attitude may well be, "If the government 1s hundreds or even thousands of blll1ons of payments 1n order to clean up the "evUs of paying for it, why should I volunteer my dollars over the next 75 years, two staff mem­ private money in state elections". A stagger­ time, car or anything else?". bers of the EleCtric Power Research Institute ing 3.4 percent responded positively. To me You should reject our of hand any sug­ have concluded. the conclusion 1s easy. An overwhelming ma­ gestions for taxpayer financing of House and According to Rene H. Males and Richard jority of Maryland voters do not believe that Senate campaigns. Any method devised for G. RtchelS, the staff members, a 20-year delay their interests are abused by the present sys· t>rov1d1ng public money on a matching basis 1n commerciallzlng breeders would add $100 tem of private financing of campalgns. will be unmanageable or meaningless from bUllon 1n 1976 dollars to the nation's energy 20222 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 bllls, even if supplies of all major fuels­ breeder altogether to $4,171 billion, the study figures. This has the effect of producing coal, oil, gas and uranJum-were generous. concluded. The little-noticeable analysts by members These costs would· amount to 3.1 and 6.7 job loss estimates more than double what of the Palo Alto,. Calif., center which admin­ percent of the gross national product ex­ the source study would have produced. isters a $200 mlllion annual research pro­ pected over the 75-year period. The electric Mr. Speaker, I am attaching at the gram for the electric utll1ty Industry, 1s con­ power researchers used the Ford Foundation's conclusion of these remarks a more ex­ sidered likely to figure 1n Congressional de­ predictions of rates of future economic planatory analysis of the chamber's work bates over the Carter Admlntstratlon's plan growth and of a slowing of energy demand so that all Members will be able to ascer­ to postpone commerclallzatlon of the breeder because of rising prices. tain for themselves the misleading and indefinitely. Breeders, cooled by llquld sodium metal, groundless nature of the chamber study. are designed to produce both electric power I am also attaching a letter I recently and extra amounts of nuclear fuel. FAIR LABOR. STANDARDS ACT received from George Meany, president URANIUM IS TRANSMITTED of the AF'L-CIO, which, I believe, ade­ The breeder transmits uranium 238, quately and accurately describes this which normally does not enter nuclear re­ HON. JOHN H. DENT latest effort in the continuing 40-year actions, into a substance that does, pluto­ OJ' PENNSYLVANIA saga of. the chamber's attempt to sub­ nium. In principle, breeders would extend the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vert one of our Nation's most humani­ world's nuclear fuel supplies at least 60-fold. tarian and necessary laws. Many analyses issued before and since the Tuesday, June 21, 1977 I might add, Mr. Speaker, that I re­ administration for nuclear and other energy Mr. DENT. Mr. Speaker, some weeks cently received another communication sources were announced in April have said from the chamber which purportedly in­ that a cpmbination of slowed future growth ago-with great public flourish-the U.S. 1n energy use and generous supplies of ura­ Chamber of Commerce published and cluded "refined" and "revised" job loss nium would remove the need to build large disseminated a purported study, euphe­ estimates. Although this reflected some numbers of breeders In the United States. mistically entitled, "Federal Minimum concession that the previous estimates A study organized by the Mitre Corpora­ Wage, State by State Impact Analysis." were inaccurate, the changes were truly tion for the Ford Foundation estimated that We read their "study," Mr. Speaker, and inconsequential and did not address the United States reserves of uranium ore cost­ swallowed hard. The chamber, by selec­ gross inadequacies I have identified. To ing less than $30 a pound would total 2.5 tively extrapolating from two limited my regret therefore, the chamber did not mlllion tons, and that another 3 mllllon academic studies on the minimum wage, deem its near-contemptuous act to this tons would be available to between $30 and Congress of representing as respectable $100 a pound. as applied to incorrect and irrelevant Such esttmates were far more optimistic data, has misled the Congress in falsely patently distorted and misleading in­ than those adopted by many geologists, the predicting discrete adverse employment formation as sufilciently significant to National Academy of Sciences in a 1975 re­ and economic consequences from the merit "revision" or "refinement." Thus, port, or by Michael A. Lieberman of the enactment of either the Dent bill or the the chamber apparently intends that its University of California at Berkeley, a leading Carter administration proposal. previous estimates should stand and that student of the problem. While the chamber was proclaiming we should therefore continue to tolerate STUDY IS REVIEWED the parade of horribles its study appar­ its inept arrogance in a matter, such as In a report dated April 12, Mr. Males and ently revealed, a few of us were quietly this, that has so many genuinely com­ Mr. Rlchels reviewed the Ford-Mitre study in dissecting their effort, primarily because pelling human ramifications. the light of some changed assumptions, in­ of our concern that any new law not 1977 AMENDMENTS TO THE FAIR LABOR cluding a complete prohibition of plutonJum cause unemployment or other economic STANDARDS ACT fuels until breeders were commercialized, a J'ACT SHEET ON FEDERAL MINIMUM WAGE STATE less rapid rate of Introducing breeders Into adversity; in that same view, however, BY STATE IMPACT ANALYSIS 1 the economy, and less gen~rous energy sup­ it was necessary to point out the full plies. measure of the chamber's deceit so that I. Introduction Even with supplies of oil, gas, coal and it would be evident to even their most On March 16, 1977, Dr. Carlson presented uranium flowing freely, the two researchers ardent supporters. a statement on H.R. 3744, Fair Labor Stand­ found, the cost of doing without the breeder ards Amendments of 1977, before the Sub­ altogether would cost a minimum of $329 In summary, the author of one of the committee on Labor Standards of the House b1llion. two actual studies relied upon by the Education and Labor Committee. In his The anticipated cost of developing the chamber in its "analysis," Prof. Edward statement, he charged that the Dent bUl breeder from now to the point of commercial­ M. Gramlich of the University of Michi­ would "Eliminate over 2 million full- or ization In the United States would be $7 gan, has advised me that-- part-time jobs In the private sector-equiva­ bllllon if the program maintained the pace I agree with you that the Chamber made lent to 1~ million man-years," and "Increase contemplated before the Carter Administra­ some rather blatant assertions ... Mincer consumer prices by about 3 percent." tion cutbacks. (the other study the Chamber "analysts" In addition to the overall U.S. estimates, In a telephone Interview last week, Mr. cites In support thereof) does not have any Carlson presented detailed figures by color Richels said, "We're just trying to find out lnfiatlon estimates in his article-that they and age and sex of worker. In his state-by­ what happens if things turn out more pes­ must have gotten from my paper and their state Impact Analysis, he presented not only simistically." estimate is much too high.... The Mincer National estimates but he projected figures He added, "It's an Insurance policy argu­ article does have employment estimates on job losses, labor cost increases, and con­ ment, and It tells where the payoffs are for higher than any other respectable article, sumer price increases for each of the 50 new information." The largest payoff, Mr. but the Chamber's numbers are much too states. Richels said, would come from more ex­ high for even his paper.... There should be This fact sheet 1s designed to point out ploration for uranium to determine the size little effect on adult employment. Where some of the more glaring errors in the Carl­ of the resources more accurately and avoid they get a loss of 2 mUllon job opportunities son document. These errors are so pervasive "costly errors." and 700 layoffs Is a mystery to me-Mincer as to discredit both the Chamber testimony The Palo Alto report examined costs if wouldn't have predicted anything like that. and the Carlson state-by-state document. breeders became commercial in the year 2000, . • • I clearly agree with you that the Cham­ II. Documentation the 2020, or never, at different levels of ber's numbers are way off." (Emphasis While the Chamber document purports to energy supply. added) be a "technical analysis," It lists no sources If supplies of coal, oil and gas remained Apart from the chamber's distorted for the basic data. Nor, does it include a generous, but those of uranium fell to a statement on methodology. It does cite as medium-forecast level of 1.8 million tons at a applications of the Gramlich and Mincer references an August 1976 paper by Jacob cost below $30 and another 0.7 mlllion tons studies, we might next ask how their Mincer, "Unemployment Effects of Minimum between $30 and $100, Mr. Males and Mr. estimates could still be so outrageously Wages," Journ~l of Polltical Economy, Vol. Richels estimated, the added costs of defer­ escalated beyond obvious reality. The an­ 84, Number 4 Part 2 and a 1976 paper by Ed­ ring the breeder until 2020 would exceed swer is almost mindboggling, especially ward M. Gramlich, "Impact of Minimum $1,000 bllllons, and $2,000 billion if the given the reputation of its economists Wages on Other Wages, Employment and breeder were never Introduced at all. the chamber would have us embrace; for Family Incomes," Brookings Papers on Eco­ If the uranium supplies remained moder­ example, in the case of alleged job loss nomic Activity, 1976 n. ate and coal and oil supplies fell to this level estimates, the chamber economic team also-through a one-third decline for coal 1 This Is a critique of a document prepared and a one-sixth decllne for oU-the costs took theoretical ratios provided by the by Dr. Jack carlson, Vice President and Chief of postponing the breeder would go up to aforementioned studies and applied them Economist, Chamber of Commerce of the $1,892 billion, and of doing without the to population rather than employment United States. -June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20223 After a considerable amount of investiga­ VI. Conclusion ilies Housing Act, a bill designed to make tion, it appears that Dr. Carlson related the The paper released by the Chamber of possible the goal of homeownership for two studies cited above to employment num­ Commerce demonstrates an unwillingness to millions of American families who have bers in Regional Economic Projections series accept official government studies of the his­ been priced out of the market. (REPS 76-R--1, prepared by the National torical effects of minimum wage legislation Planning Association, (June 1976). There is and an ina.bi11ty to use correctly those theo­ The bill provides for graduated month­ no reference to this series in the Chamber retical studies which are "best" in their ly mortgage payments, allowing the documents and the NPA was not aware that view. monthly mortgage payment to more their data were being used by the Chamber The Chamber's numbers not only mislead. closely reflect a typical family's income of Commerce but there appears to be no They are simply wrong. growth over a period of years. The bill other possible source for the base figures. would also permit a first-time home buY­ III. Job loss estimates AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR AND CONGRESS OF INDUSTRIAL er to save for a downpayment on a home Dr. Carlson used certain ratios deve.loped ORGANIZATIONS, through a tax-free savings account. in the Mincer article, cited above, to est1mate numerical job loss. However, the estimates Washington, D.C., June 13,1977. A recent article in the Chicago Trib­ Ron. JOHN H. DENT, of job loss cited by Dr. Carlson are more than une reported the experience of one Chi­ twice a.s great as the Mincer ratios would Chairman, Subcommittee on Labor Stand­ cago area home-building firm when it ards, the House of Representatives, Wash­ launched an experimental graduated yield. Clearly Dr. Carlson derived his job loss ington, D.C. estimates by applying Mincer's ratios to DEAR CONGRESSMAN DENT: In its testimony mortgage payment plan. As the article population rather than employment figures. before your subcommittee, the U.S. Chamber points out, the program has "caught on This error results in more than doubling the of Commerce presented what it claimed was like wildfire." job loss estimates. an authoritative analysis of the impact of Because I believe the Young Families Furthermore, Carlson relied heavily on the your bill to increase the m inimum wage Housing Act offers a positive approach Mincer st udy as being the "best study avail­ above the poverty level. The enclosed anal­ toward reversing a trend that could deny able." The Chamber apparently defines ysis of the Chamber's document, prepared "best•• as that study which produces the by AFL-CIO economists, makes it clear that the average young person the chance of largest adverse impact of minimum wages. the Chamber is misleading the Congress. owning a home. I commend this article to The Gramlich study. also cited by the For example, in its estimates of job loss, the attention of my colleagues: Chamber presents estimates which are sig­ the Chamber first relied on the most extreme [From the Chicago Tribune, June 19, 1977] nificantly smaller than Mincer's. Further­ study it could find-a study disputed by · GRADUATED-PAYMENT LOANS KEEP HOME SALES more, Gramlich hedges on adverse effects of other economists and belied by the repeated minimum wage legislation. Gramlich states: PACE UP studies of the impact of minimum wage in­ (By Gary Washburn) "The results ... give one ambiguous but creases conducted by the Department of probably negative verdict on increases in Labor in both Republtca.n and Democratic An innovative graduated payment mort­ the minimum wage (for teenagers). one administrations. Then the Chamber applied gage plan (GPM) featuring reduced monthly fairly clear positive verdict (for adult males), these "worst case" theoretical ratios to pop­ mortgage payments in the early years of own­ and one very clear positive verdict (for ulat ion rather than employment figures, ership, unveiled a. few weeks ago by a. Chicago adult females)." thus producing job loss estimates more than area. home-building firm, has "caught on like Therefore, while Mincer's study indicates double what the source study would have wildfire," a company spokesman says. that a proposed minimum wage increase produced. Ross Vittore, vice president of mortgage fi­ would mean job losses for women, Gramlich The Chamber has resorted to the outland­ nance for the Hoffman Homes division of the lists women as the "main beneficiaries" of ish trick of manufacturing numbers and Hoffman Group, Inc., said last week that sales at the firm's seven suburban subdivisions minimum wa~e increases.2 In terms of teen­ then inflating these to produce a predeter­ agers, the Mincer study implies job losses mined result. By assuming a. "ripple effect" have been running roughly double the nor­ which are 7 times as large as the Gramlich mal projections since the introduction of for wages above the minimum--despite sub­ GPM. estimates. Both studies largely ignore the stantial evidence to the contrary in Labor actual record of the 40-year history of the Department studies-the Chamber has come "We were optimistic going into the pro­ minimum wage legislation. They are based up with statistics that were plucked from gram and I think we can say honestly that on theoretical models and the results re­ thin air. it's surpassed all our expectations," Vittore fiect the built-in assumptions. Its inflation estimates are equally ridicu­ said. "The response has been astonishing." From May 21, when the GPM program lous. In this instance, they are more than IV. Labor cost increases started, to June 14, he reported that 68 per Carlson gives no methodology but ob­ double the "worst case" study, but the cent of the firm's purchasers have opted for Viously based his cost estimates on adding Chamber offers no evidence or figures to back up its claims. GPM financing. Vittore said that he would the cost of a "ripple effect" to the direct not reveal the actual number of sales for cost of raising the minimum wage. The cost For example, the Chamber's exaggerated competitive reasons. estimates, therefore include the estimated job loss figures are less than 4 percent for Under the Hoffman plan, home buyers in­ each of the Southern states except Alabama. cost of raising to the proposed minimum terested in GPM financing are screened by wage the wages of workers paid less than For Alabama., it shows a whopping 13.4 per­ FLIP Mortgage Corp., a New Jersey firm. A the minimum-plus the cost of an arbitrary cent with no explanation for the dift'erence. computer terminal at Hoffman offi.ces feeds "ripple" effect for wages above the mini­ The sum of the Chamber's analysis is a information-including projected income of mum. Carlson assumes this cost to be equal fraud. the buyer, mortgage interest rate. and term to 25 percent of the direct cost of lncreasing Given the reputation of the Chamber's of the loan-to a. FLIP computer. FLIP then the wages of those paid less than the pro­ economists. it strains credulity to believe responds with the size of loan the prospec­ p osed minimum. If the so-called ripple effect these distortions were simply statistical tive buyer can qualify for using conventional is excluded, that Chamber's figure on labor errors. Rather, it is plain that the Cham­ financing and GPM. cost increase becomes .7 of one percent in­ ber is deceiving the Congress and the Amer­ Qualified borrowers who opt for a. GPM stead of 2.9 percent. ican people by making figures lie. In every are referred to two Chicago area. savings and This built-in ripple effect on wages instance, the Chamber has ignored docu­ loan associations that have agreed to make throughout the wage structure is contrary mented, offi.cial, historically accurate gov­ the loans. to findings in all Labor Department studies. ernment studies and relied on "worst case" The GPM, based on the theory that the These studies showed indirect or ripple ef­ theories and then "embroidered" those borrower's income will rise, is designed to fects to be minimal and to be confined to theories. allow fa.Inilies previously priced out of the t hose workers being paid at or within a. few I suggest that the Chamber's testimony home market to buy a. house and to permit cents of the proposed minimum. deserves to be completely ignored by the families that already own homes to move up subcommittee. V. Consumer price increa-se to more expensive ones. Sincerely, To illustrate how the GPM works, Hoff­ Carlson's estimates of Consumer Price In­ GEORGE MEANY, man gives an example: creases--or "infia.tion effects"-presuma.bly President. A buyer making a 10-per-cent downpa.y­ are based on Gramlich's paper as Mincer ment on a. $40,990 house with a. SO-year has no such data.. However, Carlson's pro­ HOMEOWNERSHIP BILL mortgage at 9 percent interest might have <1 ected increase in CPI resulting from the to earn $17,500 annually to qualify for a proposed minimum wage increase Is more traditional mortgage, whose monthly pay­ than double the Gramlich estimate. HON. ROBERT W. KASTEN, JR. ments would be $294.30. A GPM buyer, by contrast, might have to OF WISCONSIN earn only $13,750 annually to qualify for a : Gramlich wrote, in part: "The evidence IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES loan for the same house. Monthly payments suggests that the adult females are the main Tuesday, June 21, 1977 in the first year of ownership would be beneficiaries of increases in the m1nimum $217.41, which would rise to $323.34 by the wage. Can it be that George Meany is a Mr. KASTEN. Mr. Speaker, several sixth year. levellng off for the remainder of feminist?" weeks ago I introduced the Young Fam- the mortgage term. 20224 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS . June 21, 1977 Vittore said that at Main Street of Frank­ ready has voted to sanction an exemption to tinues ·to worsen. Congress has granted one fort Square, a Ho1fman subdivision in south air quality standards in key western areas delay after another to the automobile indus­ suburban Frankfort aimed at first-time home relatively free of pollution. try in producing cars that emit fewer pollut­ buyers, 75 percent of the purchasers who "If this becomes law it would be the same ants. Experts and agencies measure things in have opted for GPM would not have been as putting a city of half a million people terms of "goals" and "standa.rds" and "ac­ able to qualify for a conventional loan. next to a national park,'' warned Rep. Paul ceptable levels," ever subject to revision and Homes range in price from $41,000 to $52,000. Rogers of Florida, chairman of the House modlftcation. Goals never are toughened-at Eighty percent of the Frankfort Square subcommittee on health and the environ­ least not yet-and when determined to be GPM purchasers were previously renters. ment. The Senate defeated a similar amend­ "not attainable" the public 1s expected to Family income (in most cases both husband ment. If the House view prevails in confer­ settle for something less. and wife work) has averaged $19,400. The ence, the President doubtless will be urged St111, there 1s always a brighter side. A sign average down payment has been 11 per cent to veto the legislation. seen recently in front of a hotel 1n Hawaii of purchase price. Average age of the head­ The waiver to the 1970 Clean Air Act was reads, "Please turn off your ignition while of-household has been 28 years. voted speciftcally to allow construction of parked on the hotel driveway and help con­ For all Ho1fman subdivisions, this is how the $6 billion Intermountain Power Project serve clean air." the figures break down: 61 per cent of the a few miles east of Capitol Reef National When private institutions and average citi­ purchasers had been renting; average family Park in southern Utah. It's part of the shift zens consciously accentuate the positive and income has been $22,900; average down pay­ in priorities 1n the West from environmental eliminate the negative they forge effective ment, 14.3 per cent of purchase price; and quality and tourism to production of energy public policy that makes its way into law. average age of the household head, 29.8 years. !or urban centers elsewhere. If this pattern Vittore said he initially thought that edu­ continues, one of this country's most Wild, cating the public to the GPM concept "would fragile and spectacularly scenic areas wlll be be the main hurdle" for the program, but altered radically' in character, complete with he said he underestimated purchasers' abil­ sacriftce of iU: clean air. VICE ADM. ROBERT L. J. LONG, USN, A DISTINGUISHED NAVY CAREER ity to grasp the new mortgage form. SOURCE OF SERIOUS POLLUTION He added that his firm has been contacted CONTINUES by banks and savings and loan associations The Four Corners power plant 1n north­ interested in GPM and the FLIP computer western New Mexico, fueled by the world's analysis and he said that other builders-­ largest strip mine, already has become a HON. CHRISTOPHER J. DODD big and small-have requested information. source of serious pollution. Other coal-fired Like his boss, Jack Ho1fman, Ho1fman plants are designed to furnish huge amounts OF CONNECTICUT Group president, Vittore belleves that the of cheap power for Phoenix, Tucson, Las IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES company will enjoy an edge over the com­ Vegas, San Diego and Los Angeles. But be­ cause such plants could not meet Los Ange­ Tuesday, June 21, 1977 petition for a limited time. Other builders les' air quality requirements, ut111ties have eventually wm begin offering GPMs to at­ chosen to burn the coal at mine mouths in Mr. DODD. Mr. Speaker, it is with a tract customers, he said. Utah where regulations are lenient, and thus great deal of pride and pleasure that I generate the Los Angeles power. call my colleagues' attention to the fact The effects of this construction would cre­ that a resident of my Second Congres­ LAST CHANCE TO PREVENT AIR ate layers of smog over Capitol Reef, Bryce sional District, Vice Adm. Robert L. J. POLLUTION IN OUR NATIONAL Canyon, Zion, Mesa Verde, Canyonlands, Long, USN, has been nominated by the PARKS Arches and Grand Canyon national parks, President to become Vice Chief of Naval Monument Valley in Navajo Tribal Park, na­ Operations-our Navy's second highest tional forests and neighboring resorts. It has ranking omcer. HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. been estimated that one-fifth of the entire national park system, including national rec­ ThiS selection caps an already distin­ OF CALIFORNIA reation areas such as Lake Powell, national guished Navy career for the admiral, who IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES monuments and historic sites, would be de­ is a resident of Groton, Conn., and I Tuesday, June 21, 1977 graded. urge our colleagues in the other body to "These areas were established to preserve speedily confirm his nomination. " Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. Speak­ completely natural and healthy area8 of the Mr. Speaker, Admiral Long is one of er, when the Clean Air Act conference country," Rita Molyneaux, of the National the many men in our Navy's submarine committee meets, one of the key issues to Parks and Conservation Assn., declared at a service of whom this Nation has every be resolved is the issue of sigp.ificant recent Senate hearing in Washington. "Clean air, as an integral part of their wlue, should right to be most proud. We in eastern deterioration, or nondegradation of our not be allowed to deteriorate in quality in Connecticut, who have worked and lived Nation's air. The House adopted, in what any degree." with them for many years, know them to was surely a hasty vote, the Breaux Ms. Molyneaux's organization 1s part of a be the true "elite" of the U.S. Navy. amendment on this issue, which will al­ coalition of environmental, consumer, health Ably led by Admiral Long, who has low up to 18 days each year of pollution and medical, tourist and real estate interests served as Deputy Chief of Naval Opera­ in our national parks and recreational pressing for prevention of significant deterio­ ration of air quality in clean air regions of tions for Submarine Warfare since Sep­ areas. It would not be facetious to say tember 1974, these omcers and men form if the West. Their goal 1s to obtain Class I pro­ that this amendment becomes law, we tection from the Senate for national parks, our most important line of defense should all plan on going to the most monuments, wildlife refuges and wilderness against the naval threat of the Soviet scenic regions of the United States now, areas, and hope this position prevails in con­ Union. while we can still count on clean air and ference With the House. It is a tribute to the entire submarine good visibility, instead of later, when our Powerful opposition !rom ut111ties, manu­ service, and certainly to the personal planned vacations might just coincide facturing and the United Automobile Work­ and professional qualities of Admiral with one of those 18 days of pollution. ers has thwarted effective pollution regula­ tion with arguments that jobs must take Long, that the President decided that This issue is more complicated than precedence, yet the entire tourist industry the next Vice Chief of Naval Operations this, as I tried to point out in the House and the quality of life are being endangered should be a submariner. floor debate, but it is also as serious as in the Southwest. After all, who wants to Mr. Speaker, Bob Long has served our this. travel to a scenic overlook to gaze upon a country in its Navy for some 37 years, I would like to insert an article from curtain of smoke? Or to live in the midst during a career which took him from the the June 19 issue of the Los Angeles of it? decks of a World War II battleship, the Times to illustrate this point. The article Vacation travel should be a healthful ex­ U.S.S. Colorado crew in October 1963. a comprehensive commemorative book com­ ceived his first Legion of Merit and was In July 1965, he began work with the piled by the people of the parish, to a most cited for "contributing significantly to fleet ballistic missile project in the Bu­ solemn Thanksgiving Mass, Padilla said. decisions made at the highest levels of reau of Naval Weapons. He next served Reception and supper Will be in St. An­ the Navy Department." as executive assistant and naval aide to thony's Parish center on June 4 from 6 to Commander of Service Group Three. the Under Secretary of the Navy. After 9 p.m. Interested parties may ca.ll 882-2264 He was responsible for providing signifi­ promotion to rear admiral, he became for information and reservations. in Mass w1ll be celebrated by 25 priests, among cantly improved maintenance and logis­ Commander Service Group Three Sep­ them Bishop Sydney Metzger of El Paso and tic support to the 7th Fleet during the tember 1968. From there he went to Naval the bishop of San Antonio, Diecese priests, Vietnam war and was awarded a second Ship Systems Command as Deputy Com­ and priests from Mexico City, Torreon, Chi­ Legion of Merit. mander for Fleet Maintenance and LOgis­ huahua, Juarez, and others. Mass w1ll be said commander, Submarine Force, u.s. tic-S Support. In June 1972, he was pro­ on June 6 at 4 p.m. ln the Gadsden High Atlantic Fleet, June 1972 to September moted to vice admiral and became Com­ School. St. Anthony's Church is not large mander Submarine Force, U.S. Atlantic enough to accommodate the more than 3,000 1974. During critical periods such as the expected to attend. 1973 Middle East war, Admiral Long was Fleet and was there until he reported as Monsignor Morales came to St. Anthony's responsible for the operations of ap­ Deputy Chief of Naval Operations, sub­ church in August, 1961, one year after the proximately two-thirds of our Nation's marine warfare, in September 1974. new building was dedicated. The old church submarines. Vice Admiral Long is married to the a block away had been retired and lent out Deputy Chief of Naval Operations for former Sara Helms of Jacksonville, Fla. as a base for civic service functions, includ­ Submarine Warfare. In this position, he They have three sons: Charles Allen, ing day care and a hot-lunch for elderly. has overall responsibillty for every facet William Trigg, and Robert Helms. The Rev. Morales led the Golden Jubilee Mr. Speaker, I think that Admiral celebration of the Parish in 1965 and broke of our country's submarine and deep ground for the new St. Anthony's center, submergence programs. Long's exceptional career convincingly dedicated in December, 1966. He was awarded a Third Legion of demonstrates that the President has In the early days the Monsignor expanded Merit for his service as Deputy Com­ made an excellent choice for our next his time to provide all services, Mass, con­ mander for Fleet Maintenance and Lo­ Vice Chief of Naval Operations. fessions and counsellng, to the prison popu­ gistic Support of the Naval Sea Systems I know his family is extremely proud lation of La Tuna, the Federal Correctional Command. of him at this moment, and I salute his Institution in Anthony, during its chaplain's As Deputy CNO for Submarine War­ many achievements and urge my col­ extended Ulness. to Some current programs at St. Anthony's fare, the admiral has represented the leagues in Congress do the same. We include the Cursillos (Retreats) conducted Navy in an exemplary manner whlle wish him well in his new assignment. for men and women three days each month, testifying many times before the Armed and the "Queen of Our Lady of Guadalupe" Services and Appropriations Committees contest and festival. of both Houses of the Congress. ANTHONY TO CELEBRATE PRIEST'S "Monsignor Morales has been a good shep­ The son of the late Trigg Allen and ANNIVERSARY herd and has tended St. Anthony's de­ votedly. He has also made innovative Margaret Long, Admiral changes," Padilla said. One was his commis­ Long was born in Kansas City, Mo. on HON. RICHARD C. WHITE sion of an artist to paint a backdrop on the May 29, 1920. He attended Washington OF TEXAS walls behind the altar. The artist created a University in St. Louis and was gradu­ IN 'mE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES work of rivers and tall trees that give the ated with distinction from the U.S. Na­ feeling of worshipping outdoors in a wood­ val Academy, in the Class of 1944, on Tuesday, June 21. 1977 land glen, Padllla said. June 9, 1943. That graduation was ac­ Mr. WHITE. Mr. Speaker, the town of The work was financed through a legacy left to the Rev. Morales by his brother, celerated due to the war emergency. Anthony in my district in west Texas Padllla said. He went to sea aboard the battleship recently staged a day-long celebration The Monsignor was ordained in St. Pat­ Colorado as fire control division officer honoring the 25th anniversary of Msgr. rick's Cathedral in El Paso in 1952. He re­ and assistant gunnery officer while this Gonzalo Morales into the priesthood. cently went to a class reunion commemorat­ ship took part in the American island­ Monsignor Morales has been pastor of ing that event at St. James Church in San hopping campaign across the Pacific. He St. Anthony's Catholic Church in the Antonio where he was one of seven jubi­ won a Bronze Star during operations town of Anthony for the past 16 years. larians to be honored at a special ceremonial against the Japanese in the Philippine He has served his parish, his people, and Mass involving 92 concelebrants. Before he became pastor at St. Anthony's, and Ryukyu Islands. his faith with superb dedication and ac­ he served at Holy Family Church, was chap­ Following the war, while at Naval Sub­ complishment, and it is an honor for me lain for Providence Hospltal, and taught Re­ marine School in New London/Groton, to so note for the RECORD. In recognition ligion and Engllsh Llterature at Loretto Conn., in my district, the admiral won of his singular attributes, he was elevated Academy. He was pastor for five years at San the L.Y. Spear Award for standing :first to monsignor by the Catholic Church in Elizario Mission, during which time he re­ 1n his class. From there, he served on the 1971. Today, in addition to his continu­ modeled the rectory and the church. submarine U.S.S. Corsair . Following two staff tours, first in ANTHONY To CELEBRATE PRIEST'S ANNIVERSARY HON. CHARLES W. WHALEN, JR. the submarine weapons readiness section On June 4 the Rev. Msgr. Gonzalo Morales OF omo of the Offic_e of the Chief of Naval Opera­ of Anthony wUl be honored by parishioners tions and then as Flag Secretary for and townspeople in commemoration of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Commander Submarine Force, U.S. At­ 25th anniversary of his ordination to the Tuesday. June 21. 1977 lantic Fleet, he spent 1 year under in­ priesthood. "As tn most celebrations of this kind there Mr. WHALEN. Mr. Speaker, I am struction in the Office of the Director of wlll be a blending of the feasting and the pleased to note the support for interna­ Naval Reactors and 3 months under in­ fasting, the secular and the religious," ac­ tional dialogs on food and development struction at Naval Guided Missile School. cording to committee chairman Luis Padilla. problems being provided by the Charles '- 20226 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 F. Kettering Foundation. One of the Even though the trip was organized by the Hall of Fame. I am sure that Ralph's wife, fruits of this program was a recent trip Overseas Development CouncU as a direct Kit, and his brother, George "Zum" La­ organized by the Overseas Development give and take with West Africans about food and development, those in our group who pointe-an outstanding baseball player Council to Mali and Senegal, two coun­ knew rural America., painfully as well as inti­ in his own right-are extremely proud of tries in the west African Sahel region. mately, talked about the similar conse­ this well-deserved distinction, as are all The recent $200 million commitment by quences of rural poverty In West Africa. and Vermonters. the United States to the multi-donor the U.S. They were qUick to recognize that Mr. Speaker, I would like to insert in Sahel Development Program is a clear poverty is rel!lltive, but they hit the rest of the REcoRD the following article, which indication of our growing awareness of us with a simple question about our own appeared recently in the Burlington Free development needs in that part of the country: Why are there so many miserably poor and badly fed people in a nation as rich Press: world. This commitment was announced as the U.S.? COLLEGE BASEBALL HALL HONORS RALPH on a preliminary basis at the Ottawa So West Africa. showed us not only itself. LAPOINTE meeting in May of the Club of the It also showed us ourselves. It brought the The University of Vermont's most success­ Friends of the Sahel after the House ap­ submerged .. underdeveloped" nation here at ful baseball coach, the late Ralph R. La­ proved $50 million for authorization in home to the surface of our thoughts and dis­ pointe, has been elected to the American As­ fiscal year 1978. cussions. This nation of poor Americans may sociation of College Baseball Coaches' Hall of I was particularly gratifled to see the be more or less invisible to the majority of Fame. United States be the first of the donor us most of the time, but it is here in our Lapointe will be inducted into the Hall of midst, concentrated ln our inner cities, scat­ Fame at the annual Coaches' Hall of Fame nations to commit funds, partly because tered through our countryside from.Georgia Dinner in Atlanta. ·In January, 1978. At that I had the opportunity to visit four Sa­ to Ma.lne, from Texas to Ohio. time, plaques will be presented to Lapointe's helian nations in April and view their Traveltng in West Africa made us acutely famlly (Mrs. Cathryn A. Lapointe, sons David problems and prospects first-hand. I conscious of the d11ferences between rtch and Tom and daughter Michele), UVM and would like to insert for the RECORD at and poor Americans, between rich and poor the College Coaches Hall of Fame located at this point an account by Mr. Phillips nations-and between the aftluent elite in Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Ruopp, Director of International Affairs developing countries and the farmers on Mich. whom their economies depend. That depend­ Glen Tuckett, President of the American for the Kettering Foundation, of his re­ ence may be the reason why African leaders cent trip to West Africa which includes Association of College Baseball Coaches, said are becoming more interested in the pro­ that "Lapointe Joins the more than 50 cur­ interesting and thoughtful observations: ductivity and well-being of their poor, among rent and former college baseball coaches in [From the Dayton (Ohio) Journal Herald, the poorest of the world's poor. Small farmers the Hall of Fame. This is the most prestigious June 11, 19771 and farm workers are still the economic and meaningful honor that can be bestowed A LooK AT THE FACE OF HUNGD l1f Aam WEST backbone of the world's low income coun­ upon a college baseball coach." AFRICA tries. "I'm so terribly pleased that Ralph has The purpose of the trip was to learn about (By Phillips Ruopp) won this fine award, but more pleased. that food and development, about the relationship so many people still think of hlm. This award Mall. Twice as blg as Texas but not on between the two. That brings us to the bot­ is a living memorium to Ralph. I'm very the map of most Americans. If we know ita tom line: hunger, hunger in ita many forms, thrllled," sa.ld Mrs. Ralph .. Kit" Lapointe. name at all, lt is probably because of Tlm­ sheer hunger, malnutrition, the bloated bel­ "Two great things have happened to baseball buktu or the 1~1973 drought that devas­ llea of some chlldren which can stm be seen at UVM in the last two weeks, this award, tated the countries on the southern edge of during the dry season in West Africa. And of course, and the bringing back of UVM the Sahara. the consequences of hunger and malnutri­ baseball to varsity status." Mall. Labelled by the UN one of the world's tion: low energy, permanent physical handi­ Lapointe posted a 216-127-2 record for 16 least developed countries. Population up caps, and d1sea.se-especia.lly disease. We not years at UVM and never had a losing season. from 6.8 to 7.-l mi111on in the latest census, only heard about the effects of diseases which Before beginning his head coaching duties at I was told whlle waiting for a plane at a invade the bodies of people and cattle when his alma. mater, Lapointe was a standout place called Moptl. A nation of small farmers their resistance is low. We saw them, touched high school and collegiate football player at and nomadic herders. them. Winooski High School, his hometown, and at During the ftrst two weeks of May, I was One overwhelming lesson we learned in UVM. one of a group of 18 Americans who vtsited West Africa. is that hunger 1s not foreign, Before returning to Vermont in 1951, La­ Mali and Senegal, both former French colo-. that hunger everywhere must be ended. The pointe signed with the Philadelphia. Phillies nies in West Africa. We went to 1lnd out small farmers we met there, women perhaps and was called up to the majors in 1946 late what these two developing countries are do­ more than men, made us realize that it can ln the season. It was in 1947 that Lapointe ing to raise enough food to satisfy the baste be ended. They are good at what they do, had a great rookie year, hitting .308 and play.; needs of their people. We also wanted to resourceful, ready to try new techniques 1f lng top defensive ball at shortstop. That .308 learn how to help them achieve agricultural they can be assured the risk won't wipe them average was the highest for a National League self-rellance. out. They are tough and adaptable without rookies and he was named Sporting News' Senegal, llke Mall, Ia just recovering from forgetting how to dance and sing their pleas­ Rookie of the Year. the latest of the dry spells that come with ure in llvlng. They are survivors. Lapointe finished his major league career Bibl1cal regularity to that part of the world, There may be explanations for hunger-in with the St. Louts Cardinals, closing out his called the "Sahel." Senegal Ia only the size West Africa or America--but there is no professional years with stints at Rochester of SOuth Dakota and ita population numbers excuse for it. and Toronto, both in the International about 6 m1Won. It ls not much better off League, and finally with Tulsa of the Texas than Mall. We arrived when the land was League. parched 1D both countries. I could ee.sny COLLEGE BASEBALL HALL HONORS In Vermont state college competition, imagine the drought, a dry ~a.son stretched RALPH LAPOINTE Lapointe guided his Catamounts to a stun­ into years. ning 72-15-1 record and won or shared 13 The American group came from some 12 state titles. In the Yankee Conference, La­ states. They were meant to be a mixed. bag, HON. JAMES M. JEFFORDS pointe led Vermont to the championship in and they were. In addition to those active 1n OF VERMONT 1962 (eventually losing to Holy Cross 1D the agriculture, business, and labor, there were IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES championship game of Region I) and a tie city and foundation managers, a churchman, for the crown in 1965. H1s Conference coach­ a couple of journallsts, and a few congres­ Tuesday, June 21, 1971 ing record was 65-55-1. sional atafrera and other Washington specla.l­ Mr. JEFFORDS. Mr. Speaker, I would The 1962 season was Lapointe's best. lsts. Politically, they were Democrats, Re· Vermont was 21-6, placing second 1D the publicans, and Independents. There was one like to call to the attention of my col­ NCAA Region Tournament. Vermont also poUticlaD. leagues a recent honor bestowed upon went to the reg1ona11lnals 1D 1956, when his The group looked at the development one of Vermont's greatest sports heroes. team was 1~. needs of Mall and Senegal from various the late Ralph R. Lapointe. Lapointe sent eight players Into profes­ angles. Por example, two members were not only leaders of their farm organizations but Mr. Lapointe, a one-time major league sional baseball, Including current Jacbon­ practical farmers, one from Texas, the other baseball star, is best remembered by vllle University baseball coach, Jack La.mabe. from Georgia.. The blacks in the group were Vermonters for his long service and win­ Soon after Lapointe passed away 1D 1967, often reminded of their own experience grow­ ning record as baseball coach at the Uni­ UVM unveiled an oU portrait of him which ing up poor in the rural South. We had a lot versity of Vermont. today hangs ln the lobby o! the Roy L. Pat­ to share with each other, not only as we tried rick Gymnaslum. Each year the champion to sort out the sights and sounds of West His outstanding record In this posi­ of the Yankee Conference receives the Ralph Africa but as we helped one another under­ tion was recently recognized by his elec­ R. Lapointe Trophy. That award began in stand where we came from back home. tion to the College Baseball Coaches' 1968. June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20227 THE SPECIAL INTERESTS enough to pay for the development of deep I have in the past discussed this sub­ natural gas flelds, and for exotic sources of ject with our colleague, LEsTER WoLFF, natural gas. The often-proposed deregulation HON. ANDREW JACOBS, JR. of new natural gas woUld not ald the on chairman of the House Select Narcotics giants, whose reserves of old gas were dis­ Abuse and Control Committee and again OJ' INDIANA covered in the process of exploring for on. I am asking him to bring his select com­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES Even 1f its price were deregulated, much of mittee to Guam in the near future to Tuesday, June 21, 1977 it is already committed at low prices under personally investigate the full extent of long-term contracts. drug tramc on the island. Further, I ful­ Mr. JACOBS. :Mr. Speaker, the follow­ At the current price of energy, Gasman can ly intend to seek adcUtional funding for ing just might be of special interest to afl'ord to look for gas for its own sake. Oil­ extra manpower from every possible everybody: man does not want this competition. It was the oil companies that flrst talked of "an Federal source, including the U.S. Cus­ (Prom the Wall Street Journal] energy crisis," and Mr. Carter's wizards have toms Service, the Department of Jus­ THE SPECIAL INTEaESTS swallowed hook, line and sinker. Under their tice, and the Law Enforcement Adminis­ Republlcans and on-state Democrats de­ proposals newly discovered oil wm be al­ tration. served to lose 1n the Ways and Means Com­ lowed something close to the world price. But The current hard work and dedica­ mittee this week. Both the President's wen­ newly discovered gas wlll sell not at an en­ tion of Guam pollee officials and their head oll tax and their "plowback" alterna­ ergy equivalent price of newly d.lscovered oil, Federal counterparts to control the tive would rip o1f the consumer by raising hfs but at the energy-equivalent of average oil. So in all, It's quite comfortable for the oil drug tra.mc problem are deeply appreci­ taxes. All the ollmen lobbied for was a 20% ated. But they deserve the full backing slice of the windfall. The polltlctans decided companies to stay under price controls, col­ instead to keep the whole thing tor lecting their fees for Importing foreign on of the Federal Government 1f they are themselves. into a market protected from the competi­ to ever be successful in their fight Having cUspatched the ollmen, the politi­ tion of potential domestic energy sources. against these insidious criminals whose cians now turn to the real fun, carving up The government leglslates this protection, mainstay of support is corrupting our the pte the tax would generate. Next week giving Imports a higher price than domestic young people. production, and then discovers a crlsls be­ Ways and Means wUl relish the Juicy ques­ At this point, I request that the col­ tions: How much for mass transit 1n Man­ cause Imports go up. To stop that, it pro­ hattan? How much for Solar Research Inc. poses a tax to make the consumer pay more umn by Messrs. Anderson and Whitten in the Umpteenth COngressional District? for oil, and the companies lobby tor a 20-per­ be included in the RECORD so that my How much for on-heated homes in the cent rakeoff of that. The politicians excoriate colleagues can fully understand my con­ Northeast? How much for the voting poor? the oil companies as "special interests" while cern: Given what we increasingly consider a.n themselves dipping into the consumer's GuAM: UNI.lXELT CRosSRoAD PO& D&trGs pocket for higher taxes with which to hand unsavory choice, we guess we stlll prefer the (By Charles Rodrigues) oilmen to the pollttctans. Somehow it seems out favors. to us that the public interest would benefit It ls a sordid spectacle all around. It would The unllkely island of Guam has become be so easy to max1m1ze U.S. energy produc­ the crossroads of the subterranean drug more 1f the windfall is spent to buy on wells tramc. MUllons worth of heroin, opium and than 1f it 1s spent to buy votes. But from the tion, without further cost to the consumer, same fear of competition that makes the atr­ and put maximum pressure on the OPEC marijuana are routed through Guam to llnes love the CAB, the oilmen are not much cartel. All that's needed 1s to deregulate underworld drug dealers 1n the United States. help In achieving the one step that would prices, getting the clumsy governn1ent out of The international narcotics racketeers keep solve most of the nation's energy problems, the fray betore it tramples everyone, and set shifting the hub o! their smuggling network the restoration of market pricing for petro­ the forces of competition working for the from one airport to another. They have moved consumer rather than against h1m. the operation like a floating crap game !rom leum and other sources of energy. Miami to Asuncion to Panama City to Hong Jimmy Carter ralls against the "special Kong. Now they have settled, at least tem­ Interests,.. but his own legislation wm set porarny, on the picturesque Uttle volcanic a record for creating them. The real battle GUAM FEARS DRUG TRAFPIC Island of Guam 1n the mld-Paclflc. of the spec1alinterests seldom flts the stereo­ Secret lntelllgence reports describe how type "oll industry" versus "consumer.'' The narcotics are smuggled through the Guam consumer is 1n danger, all right, but chiefly HON. ANTONIO BORJA WON PAT gateway. Heroin h~s been secreted 1n the as a.n innocent bystander. The contestants OF GUAM household effects of U.S. personnel return.lng in the battle are more likely to be Octopus IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES home from overseas. It has been packed be­ 011 versus Gulllver 011. Or Octopus and tween the double walls of vases which, one Gull1ver versus the League of L1111putlan Tuesday, June 21, 1977 report explains, ''have to be broken to deter­ Wlldcatters. Or Ollman versus Gasman. mine the contents." Left to itself this sort of competition Mr. WON PAT. Mr. Speaker, Guam be Couriers have carried up to a pound of benefits the consumer. He gets trampled appears to in danger of becoming a heroin strapped to their waists. Young women when the government is persuaded to take center of international drug traffic. have been caught ..with heroin taped to their sides. We have seen few better examples The evidence to support my growing legs or in body cavities." than Mr. Carter's energy program. He would concern was presented by columnists The ground crews of a major airllne, ac­ outlaw natural gas prices above .1.75 a Jack Anderson and Les Whitten in an cording to one Intelligence report, are work­ thousand cubic feet, thus depriving the con­ article which appeared in the June 21, sumer ot conventional natural gas sources ing with the smugglers. "Unwitting fiylng 1977 Washington Post. personnel" from the two Air Porce bases on that wm cost more than that to produce. Guam "may also be used" the report suggests. Instead, the consumer wm have to buy The charges made by Anderson and liquefied natural gas or gaslfled coal at $4.00. Whitten are nothing new. For some The intell1gence reports identify one smug­ If Gasman says we should deregulate In­ time Government of Guam omcials, gling ring by the nickname "Mog Fog." This stead, Mr. Carter cries "special Interest!" Federal drug agents. and my own oftlce underground organization channels an in­ The speclal Interests who benefit from his have voiced s1milar concerns. credible $12 million worth of heroin through Guam each month, plus a high-potency, program, who indeed are created by it, go It is my belief that the problems as­ unmentioned. opium-coated marijuana concoction known sociated with the use of Guam as a in the drug culture as "Thai sticks." The It is by no means clear, similarly, that major transfer point for drug smugglers deregulation 1s In the l'hort-term self-inter­ authorities have no accurate estimate how est of the oU companies. They have been 1n has created a fallout of crime on the is­ many of these deadly delicacies are distrib­ the business long enough to sense that, land itself. Local law enforcement om­ uted through Guam. contrary to the popular impression, deregu­ cials have repeatedly pointed out, "Mag Fog," according to a secret report, lation would not allow them to collect higher crime-and more importantly, violent "ls based 1n Guam, with branches in Bang­ prices in the marketplace. On a theoretical crime including rape and murder-has kok, Hong Kong, Manila, HonolUlu, Call­ level, the market prlce of petroleum products dramatically increased on Guam during fornla and New York, with connections in ls determined by the cost of the marginal the past 3 years. Missouri, Nevada, Texas, Dllnols and Con­ barrel Of on, which comes at the world price. Government of Guam omcials are necticut." Conflrmlng this on a practical level, pre­ The heroin trade generates "tens of btl­ tax product prices In the U.S. are basically powerless to halt the growing menace to lions" of dollars each year. The profits are the same as those 1n Europe, where refiners the safety of our citizens. And Federal enormous, yet so elusive that the authorities buy all their crude on at the world price. drug omcials have only a limlted pres­ don•t have a solld estil:nate of the amount. Deregulation would, however, unleash the ence there. What is needed, and needed But some ldea. of tlie high sta.kes ca.n be uncomfortable forces of competition. In par­ now, is more Federal agents on Guam. gained from the profit margins. A kllogram ticular, current enerc prices would be including customs officials. of pure heroin, costing $15,000 at the source, 20228 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS June 21, 1977 may eventually be worth $1.5 million in the My reasons for supporting the President's AIRLINE DEREGULATION: THE streets. deferral of the CRBRP were given in an ear­ WRONG REMEDY This dirty money is laundered primarily lier "Dear Colleague" which is reprinted on through foreign banks. The drug smugglers page E3854 of the June 16 Congressional Rec· used to hide their 1llegal profits in Swiss ord. With this letter I am enclosing com­ HON. E. THOMAS COLEMAN and Mexican banks. But both countries have ments on a widely circulated GAO letter on OF M:ISSOtTIU become more cooperative with the U.S. au­ the breeder as well as quotes from knowl­ thorities. So today, the racketeers stash most edgeable academic and government sources IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of their heroin returns in Caribbean banks. on CRBRP. I am enclosing my comments on Tuesday, June 21, 1977 The banks of the Bahamas, Cayman Is­ the GAO letter ln. order to correct mistakt>n lands, Haiti, Jamaica, Netherlands, Antllles impressions which might result concerning Mr. COLEMAN. Mr. Speaker, last Islands and Panama are doing a booming the role of the Clinch River Project in the month I held a public hearing in Kansas business in dirty money. Most of the banks whole breeder program. City, Mo. to gather :firsthand informa­ are branches of distinguished U.S. banks. The GAO letter states that the United tion on the effects that proposals to de­ These overseas branches are virtually free of States should not abandon the nuclear fis­ regulate the airline industry would have the reporting requirements which make it sion option at this time nor should it aban­ on our metropolitan area. difficult for the home offices to handle mob don the liquid metal fast breeder reactor Kansas City is home to the major over­ money. (LMFBR) research and development effort. I completely agree. My amendment is not haul and corporate facilities of Trans An astonishing 75 U.S. banks have offices, World Airlines. TWA employs close to for example, in the Bahamas. Thus the Ba· anti-nuclear or anti-breeder; more than a hamas have more American banks than do half a blllion dollars remains for a vigorous 10,000 people making it the largest the states of Alaska, Arizona, Delaware and research and development effort on the private employer in the community. Idaho combined. The Cayman Islands, to LMFBR. Moreover, the whole advanced nu­ Kansas City is also proud of its new in­ name another unlikely banking center, has clear program receives roughly $700 million ternational airport which serves over 2 51 American banks. which is more than the Administration's re­ million passengers a year. Thanks in quest for solar energy and energy conserva­ Intemgence sources also suspect that major tion R&D put together. My amendment w111 large part to this new facility, Metropoli­ drug dealers keep anonymous accounts in not discriminate against the nuclear option, tan Kansas City is becoming a major certain banks in Bangkok, Hong Kong and either in the short term with light water convention center. The hotel-motel busi­ tiny Liechtenstein. Middle Eastern dealers, reactors or in the long term with advanced ness is growing and a significant number who smuggle Afghanistan heroin into Eur­ reactors. of other airline-related businesses are ope with a smaller fiow into America, re• The GAO letter goes on to say that the blossoming. The viability of the airline portedly do their banking in Iran. LMFBR effort is a research and development industry also plays a major role in spur­ At the end of the economic chain are the program. With my amendment, this stata­ street people-teenagers who earn $50 a day ment is true-with the CRBRP funded, the ring new residential development which acting as lookouts for the pushers in Bar· program becomes a commercialization effort. translates into a large tax base for the lem; spikers who for $5 wm help an addict Quoting from Dr. James Schlesinger, "The area's various communities, school dis­ find a vein that hasn't collapsed from re­ Cllnch River plant, the demonstration plant, tricts, and other tax-leVYing entities. peated puncturing; couriers, bagmen and was justified as part of the commercial pro­ There is no doubt that t.he Metro­ gunsels who handle the dope; and finally, gram. a program for commercialization. I politan Kansas City area greatly depends the street dealers who peddle the stuff to know that full well because at the time I on a healthy, financially sound, and the addicts. was chairman of the AEC. I told the staff to growing airline industry. But, the Con­ Footnote: The Custom Service, given its go away and to bring me a cost benefit study manpower shortage, is remarkably effective on the demo plant by itself, and one could gress is shaking the foundation of this at intercepting smuggled narcotics. But not emerge from such a study with a positive stability. Today, as the airline industry tracking the dirty money is one of the most benefit-cost ratio, simply looking at the faces skyrocketing costs thanks in large difficult investigative chores in law enforce­ demo plant in isolation as an R&D experi· measure to increased fuel bills, and a ment. The Internal Revenue Service set up a ment. It had to be embedded in an entire profit margin that 1s relatively low, the special unit in 1970 to concentrate on the program of commercialization. So the Congress is toying with the idea of air­ drug racket. But for a mix of reasons, rang­ Clinch River plant turned out to be integral line deregulation. ing from tightened laws to bureaucratic pol­ to the program of commercialization." It is Over 400 persons attended my public itics, the unit has been disbanded. The Drug only the premature commercialization of the Enforcement Agency, meanwhile, has plutonium breeder which my amendment hearing on airline deregulation. The vast acquired a full-time "dirty-money" expert. seeks to avoid. majority made it clear that the proposals I have reprinted below quotes from several introdUCed by Senators KENNEDY, CAN­ sources on the Clinch River Project. If you NON, and PEARSON, and supported as late are interested in cosponsoring my amend· as yesterday-June 20-by President COMMENTS ON THE GOA BREEDER ment, please call my staff at 225-6161. Carter, would not accomplish what the LETTER Sincerely, sponsors claim, but would, in fact, GEORGE E. BROWN, Jr., threaten the very existence of private Member of Congress. enterprise in the air transportation field. HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. Edward Teller, "Father of the H-bomb", Proponents of the Kennedy-Cannon OF CALIPORNIA June 9: "I belleve it is reasonable in every respect bill make several laudable claims. They IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to pursue the path of international coopera­ say airline deregulation would increase Tuesday, June 21, 1977 tion and I would like to suggest we put our airline efficiency, lower fares, create bet­ strongest bets on the thorium cycle which ter service, and, let the marketplace Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. wlll provide us with fuel, I estimate, to the dictate the future of airline service. Speaker. recently there has been widely coming of the next lee age at least, and that However, most of these proponents, circulated a letter from GAO concerning we can· safely reduce the work on the fast and the sponsors themselves, apparently the breeder reactor. Today I have sent a breeder to a low inexpensive level on a co­ have ·no front-line experience in the air­ "Dear Colleague" letter to Members of operative basis. A consequence of this would seem to me that we can, with considerable line industry, but rather have listened to Congress with my comments on the GAO saving of money and with practically no academicians and theoreticians. I, on the statement, which I insert below: sacrifice, discontinue our present effort on other hand. have listened to the top COMMENTS ON THE GAO BREEDER LETTER the Cllnch River Breeder." management. pilots. flight attendants, DEAR COLLEAGUE: Twenty-one Eminent Scientists and Econ­ mechanics, trainees and other personnel I am writing to send you more information omists, Jan. 5 "Nuclear Power Issues and who, on a daily basis, support an airline concerning the upcoming vote, probably oc­ Choices", Ford-Mitre Report: industry that is, without question, the curring next week, on the two billion dollar "We believe therefore that the breeder best and most efficient in the world. With Clinch River Breeder Reactor Project program should deemphasize early commer­ all due respect to the Senators, I must (CRBRP). I w111 offer an amendment to the cialization and emphasize a more fiexible lend more credence to the voices of FY 1978 ERDA Authorization, H.R. 6796, to approach to basic technology. In such a pro­ reduce funding for this commercialization gram, with a longer time horizon, the Clinch highly trained professionals in air trans­ project from the $150 million in the coDlll:it­ River project, a prototype demonstration re­ port than to Washington bureaucrats. tee bill to the $33 million requested by the actor costing $2 bUllon, ls unnecessary and The proposals to deregulate the air­ President for termination costs and comple­ could be canceled without harming the lines are already taking their toll. Trans tion ot preliminary design. long-term prospects of breeders." World Airlines has been struggling the June 21, 1977 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 20229 past few years with higher fuel prices, business traveler who needs to get from some airlines, eliminate service to hun­ stricter noise regulations, and higher op­ his omce to a convention or a board dreds of communities, throw thousands erating costs. Now, with the threat of meeting, and who cares more about con­ of people out of work, and very likely deregulation hanging over its head, TWA venience than the cost of the ticket, may result in the nationalization of airlines is finding it almost impossible to attract be left high and dry. I am also deeply at a cost that looms far above the tax investment capital which it sorely needs concerned for the thousands of Ameri­ drain which this Nation has experienced to continue operation. Most airline stock cans who live in smaller communities with its rail system. has dropped in the last few years which that now are served by airlines who can indicates a lack of confidence among cross-subsidize their routes. These com­ banks, insurance companies and private munities could be left with no air service SOCIALIZED MEDICINE: SPEAKING investors. The uncertainty over what ef­ at all, or at best with a small commuter FROM EXPERIENCE fects deregulation would have is con­ service that has not the capacity to ofier tinuing and broadening this lack of con­ safe, high quality service. fidence in the investment community. The efiects of airline deregulation on HON. LARRY McDONALD TWA is in a serious economic squeeze the safety record of American air car­ OF GEORGIA right now as it faces the prospects of riers should be given the most careful IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES meeting Federal noise regulations over scrutiny before Congress seriously ~on­ Tuesday, June 21, 1977 the next 6 Y2 years. By the early 1980's siders this proposal. While deregulation Mr. MciX>NALD. Mr. Speaker, I would TWA will have to ground or retrofit 100, proponents claim that the Federal Avia­ like to call the attention of my colleagues 707's. The cost of retrofitting those tion Administration would continue its to a speech on socialized medicine by a planes is approximately $200 million, and role of safety overseer, the fact is that physician who has experienced its ef­ the airline could probably raise that the FAA is already incapable of fulfilling fects in two countries. amount of money-but the alterations this role. The major airlines have at­ would make their airplanes fuel-inem­ tained their superior safety record Dr. R. Gordon Hepworth was born and cient. The only sensible solution is for throug!l self-enforcement. trained in Great Britain and practiced TWA to buy new airplanes, but this As one mechanic said at my hearing: under England's National Health System would cost approximately $3 billion and If we have reached 100 percent of the until 1953, when he emigrated to Can­ without long-term stability, for example, FAA safety requirement, we try for 200 per­ ada. After training in urology, he became a forthright "no" to deregulation. TWA cent, because it's awfully hard to climb out a certified specialist, fellow of the Royal on a wing to fix something when that plane College of Surgeons of Canada as well as will not be able to accomplish this goal. is flying at 30,000 feet. The only way our major airlines will the American College of Surgeons and be able to continue operation and avoid That is exactly the point. Major air­ became head of the Division of Urology mergers, or perhaps even nationalization, lines have a vested interest in keeping at St. Vincent's Hospital, Vancouver, is to make a reasonable profit. Over the their airplanes the safest in the world. A British Columbia, in 1963. past 5 years, one airline, which is consid­ traveler wouldn't go near an airline that Dr. Hepworth served as chairman of ered one of the most financially solvent, was not safe. But what happens if de­ the board of the Trade Health Commit­ made a 3.6 percent return on its invest­ regulation goes into effect, and the mar­ tee in Vancouver, as well as a member ments. This is not only the worst return ketplace is flooded with little, poorly of government health committees. He among all major industries, but it is less capitalized and understaffed airlines? left Vancouver in 1976 and now practices than a third of what the Civil Aeronau­ Where would they cut comers? How urology in Memphis, Tenn. tics Board considers a reasonable profit. could the undermanned FAA monitor With this background, plus having au­ How are the airlines expected to con­ these newcomers into the marketplace? thored a number of articles on national tinue operating if they are struggling to How safe would these airlines be? Can we health insurance, Dr. Hepworth is emi­ make a miniscule profit while fighting in­ take the risk? nently qualifted to speak on the topic of creased operating expenses? Clearly, the ramifications of airline socialized medicine. Following is a talk DEREGULATION IS ANTILABOR deregulation are broad. Investors would entitled "Some Evil Aspects of Socialized lose confidence in the industry. The ft­ National Health Insurance," which was Il one looks at the fixed costs of all nancially weakened fleets would go bank­ presented by Dr. Hepworth at the Doc­ major airlines, they will find that labor, rupt or, at best, be merged with others in the form of salaries and benefits, ac­ tor's Hospital of Memphis on June 9, creating an oligopoly. Hundreds of thou­ 1977: counts for up to 50 percent of those costs. sands of highly skilled employees would Any deregulation plan that mandates REMARKS BY DB.. R. GoRDON HEPWORTH be laid off or dislocated. Communities National Health Insurance is a topic which lower fares and more routes would auto­ would lose millions of dollars in tax reve­ matically mean trimming the ranks of in its enormity is n