Middlesex County Tidal Marsh Inventory

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Reports

6-1981

Walter L. Priest III Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Gene M. Silberhorn Virginia Institute of Marine Science

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Recommended Citation Priest, W. L., & Silberhorn, G. M. (1981) Middlesex County Tidal Marsh Inventory. Special Reports in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering No. 218. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, College of William and Mary. https://doi.org/10.21220/V5GT68

This Report is brought to you for free and open access by W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Reports by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MIDDLESEX COUNTY TIDAL MARSH INVENTORY SPECIAL REPORT NO. 218 IN APPLIED MARINE SCIENCE AND OCEAN ENGINEERING WALTER I. PRIEST, Ill

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VIRGINIA INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCE AND SCHOOL OF MARINE SCIENCE,COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY GLOUCESTER POINT, VIRGINIA 23062 MIDDLESEX COUNTY TIDAL MARSH INVENTORY SPECIAL REPORT NO. 218 IN APPLIED MARINE SCIENCE AND OCEAN ENGINEERING WALTER I. PRIEST, Ill

'• Gene M. Silberhorn, Project Leader

VIRGINIA INSTITUTE OF MARINE SCIENCE AND SCHOOL OF MARINE SCIENCE, COLLEGE OF WILLIAM AND MARY GLOUCESTER POINT, VIRGINIA 23062

Dr. William J. Hargis, Jr., Director

JUNE 1981 Preface This publication is one of a series of county-by-county tidal marsh inventories prepared by the Department of Wetlands Ecology and Environmental Impact Assessment of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The previously published reports include: Lancaster County City of Newport News Northumberland County and Fort Eustis Mathews County Accomack County York County and the Northampton County Town of Poquoson Westmoreland County Stafford County James City County Prince William County and the City of Williamsburg King George County Surry County City of Hampton Spotsylvania and Caroline County Fairfax County and the City of Fredericksburg Gloucester County New Kent County City of Virginia Beach Essex County Vol. 1 and 2 Isle of Wight County Under Section 62-1.13.4 of the Virginia Wetlands Act, the Virginia Institute of Marine Science is obligated to inventory the tidal wetlands of the Commonwealth. This inventory program is designed to aid the local wetlands boards, the state and federal regulatory agencies, and regional planning districts in making informed rational decisions on the uses of these valuable resources. They are also intended for use by the general public as a natural history guide and the scientific community as a research data source. The reader is referred to the Shoreline Situation Report, Middlesex County, Virginia, Whitcomb, Patton, Peoples, Anderson and Hobbs, 1975, SPAMSOE No. 100. This report focuses on various shoreline characteristics including areas of erosion and accretion, beaches, marshes, artifically stabilized areas, and fastland types and uses. The reader is also referred to Tidal Wetlands Plants of Virginia, Silberhorn, 1976, VIMS Educational Series No. 19, an illustrated manual describing each of the wetland plants listed in the Wetlands Act. Both of the above documents are available from the VIMS library.

ii Also of interest may be a pamphlet, Wetlands Guidelines, available from the Marine Resources Commission, Newport News, Virginia, which describes the wetlands types and the types of shoreline activities which affect wetlands and what these effects are.

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Funds for the preparation of this report have been provided in part by the Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Office of Coastal Zone Management, Grant No. 04-6-168-44037. First, among the many people I owe thanks are Arthur Harris, Jeffrey Jacobs, Joseph Mizell and Gene Silberhorn for their untiring assistance and unwavering support through the many days of arduous endeavor in the field piloting boats and making mud extractions. I would also like to thank Gene Silberhorn, Damon Doumlele and Kenneth Moore for reviewing the manuscript and their helpful suggestions throughout the project. Thanks are also due Edward Briley for the map illustrations and cover design, Ken Thornberry and William Jenkins for photographic assistance and last but not least Carole Knox and Nancy White for their patience and endurance in typing the drafts and final manuscript. I would also like to thank the many people of Middlesex County who provided overnight moorings, launching facilities, and many other services including: Mr. Robert Rossell, J. W. Ferguson Seafood, Bush Park Campground, The Harbor House, Mr. Joseph Conboy and Mr. Robert Hodges of Mathews County.

iv Table of Contents Page

Preface ...... ii Acknowledgements ...... iv Introduction ...... 1 Methods · 3 0 Marsh Types· & 'i~aiuat'{or{ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 5 Marsh Types & Their Environmental Contributions...... 8 Evaluation of Wetland Types ...... 11 Marsh Plants ...... 14 Glossary of Descriptive Terms ...... 16 Reference Map to Wetland Sections ...... 19

Section I McKans Bay to Parrotts Creek ...... 20

Part A. McKans Bay ...... 22 Part B. Mud and Parrot ts Creek ...... 24

Section II Harry George and Weeks Creeks ...... 31

Section III Lagrange Creek to Perkins Creek ...... 40

Part A. Lagrange Creek ...... 42 Part B. Robinson Creek & Perkins Creek ...... 51

Section IV Urbanna Creek to Whiting Creek ...... •.. ·...... 57 Part A. Urbanna Creek ...... 58 Part B. Rappahannock River ...... 63 Part C. 'Whiting Creek ...... 65 Section V Meachim Creek to Woods Creek ...... 69 Part A. Meachim, Locklies and Mill Creeks ...... 71 Part B. Bush Park and Woods Creeks ...... 80

V Table of Cdntents (continued) Page Section VI Hunting Creek to Cores Creek ...... 84 Part A. Hunting, Sturgeon and Broad Creeks ...... 86 Part B. Jackson, Moore and Cores Creeks ...... 93 Section VII Healy Creek to Scoggins Creek ...... 99 Part A. Healy and Wilton Creeks ...... 100 Part B. Wilton Point to Scoggins Creek ...... 105 Section VIII Fairfield Landing to Meggs Bay ...... 109 Part A. Fairfield Landing to My Ladys Swamp ...... 111 Part B. My Ladys Swamp to Meggs Bay ...... 114 Summary Table ...... 117 Index to Marsh Locations 118

vi INTRODUCTION The tidal wetlands of Middlesex County represent a rich floral and ecological resource. They span the entire spectrum of marsh types from the freshwater tidal marshes of Dragon Run and Mud and Parrotts Creeks to the types more indicative of a saline environment in the lower portions of the county. The approximately 1675 acres of tidal wetlands are distributed along the county's approximately 135 miles of shoreline for an average of 12.5 acres of marsh per mile of shoreline. These marshes serve a number of important ecological functions which contribute significantly to the productivity of the estuarine system and to the quality of man's experience on the water. These contributions include being a source of detritus which supports a substantial portion of the estuarine food web, productive habitat for water fowl, furbearers and other wildlife, an effective buffer against shoreline erosion, a means of water quality control by filtering upland run-off and cycling nutrients in the estuarine waters and a buffer against flooding by providing an undeveloped area which flood waters can occupy without affecting the fastland. By providing all of these services free of charge the tidal wetlands contribute significantly to fish and wildlife habitat, clean water, and many other qualities which man has always come down to the sea to enjoy. They are, however, a finite resource which must be utilized very carefully and preserved whenever and wherever possible to ensure that future generations will be as priviledged as we are. It is the aim of this report to quantify and describe the qualities of the wetlands in Middlesex County so that wise decisions on their use and conservation can be made. This report is divided into eight sections with six covering the Rappahannock River shoreline and three the Piankatank River (one section covers portions of both). There a.re approximately 1240 acres along the Rappahannock River and its tributaries with the majority concentrated in the upper portions of the county. These include the extensive big cordgrass dominated creek marshes of Nud, Parrotts and Lagrange Creeks. The marshes of the lower portion of the county are pre dominately fringing and pocket marshes dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass and salt meaclow grasses. The Piankatank River from Stingray Point to Dragon Run contains 435 acres of marsh. The lower portion being similar to the marshes along the Rappahannock River and the upper portion dominated by extensive big cordgrass

1 marshes which grade into the largest tidal freshwater marshes in the county located above My Lady's Swamp. The wetlands of Middlesex County are dominated by three species of plants, big cordgrass S~artina c¥I1osuroides (322 acres), saltmeadow grasses, Spartina patens and Distichlis spicata (320 acres) and saltmarsh cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora, (288 acres). The first is characteristic of brackish waters and the latter two of more saline waters. There are three subdominant species which include: cattails, Typha spp., (201 acres), black needlerush, Juncus roemerianus, (180 acres) and saltbushes, Iva frutescens and Baccharis halimifolia, (178 acres). Cattails are the dominant specI'es in the freshwater marshes while black needle rush and saltbushes are important components of the brackish and more saline marshes.

2 METHODS Wetland locations, wetland boundaries and patterns of marsh vegetation were obtained by consulting USGS topographic maps and aerial photographs. The configuration and areal extent of each marsh was confirmed by observations by boat, on foot or by low level overflights. Individual plant species percentages are quantitative estimates of coverage based on visual field inspections of every marsh. These percent cover estimations are subject to a seasonal bias depending on what time of year the estimates are made. In the brackish water marshes if the observations are in the spring many of the late developing annuals, e.g. water hemp, saltmarsh aster, marsh fleabane and orach, are not visible among the earlier developing grasses. Most of the brackish marshes along the Rappahannock River in this report were inventoried from mid-March through early June and are subject to this bias. In the freshwater marshes the spring and early summer dominants are usually the perennials, e.g. arrow arum, pickerel weed and cattails. During late summer and early fall these are often replaced by beggar ticks and rice cutgrass as the dominant species in the same marsh. The outline of each marsh as depicted on the tppographic map was plani metered to determine its acreage. Marshes 0.25 acres or larger are designated by number. The acreage, plant species percentage and acreage, marsh type and other observations are recorded in tabular form for each of these marshes. Marshes less than 0.25 acres (usually narrow fringing and very small pocket marshes) are designated by the same shaded symbol as the numbered·marshes but are not included in the tabulations. The size of the small marshes (less than one acre) is exaggerated on the maps for clarity and is not always indicated to scale. Plant species percentages are recorded to the nearest percent and acreages to the nearest 0.1 acre in the larger marshes and the nearest 0.01 acre in the smaller marshes. The acreages of the smaller marshes are probably not accurate to the second decimal. This is used, however, as a means to more accurately balance the calculated acreages of the individual.plant species. In those instances where an individual plant species was estimated to amount to less than 0.5 percent or 0.05 acre, the symbol(-) is used to indicate a trace amount.

3 In unusual situatidns where an individual marsh was estimated to contain 50 percent or more of a species that is not listed as a marsh type, the closest applicable marsh type is used. For example, a marsh judged to contain 50 percent marsh hibiscus would be listed as Type XI (Freshwater Mixed).

4 Marsh Types and Evaluation For a better understanding of what is meant by marsh types, some back ground information is required. The personnel of the Department of Wetlands Ecology and Environmental Impact Assessment have classified twelve different, common marsh types in Virginia, based on vegetational composition. These marsh types have been evaluated according to certain values and are recorded in the Guidelines report. The following is a brief outline of the wetland types and their evaluation as found in that publication: "It is recognized that most wetlands areas, with the exception of the relatively monospecific cordgrass marshes of the Eastern Shore, are not homogeneously vegetated. Most marshes are, however, dominated by a major plant. By providing the manager with the primary values of each community type and the means of identification, he then has a useful and convenient tool for weighing the relative importance of each marsh parcel. In Virginia, many wetlands management problems involve only a few acres or a fraction of an acre. The identification of plant communities permits the manager to evaluate both complete marshes and subareas within a marsh. "Each marsh type may be evaluated in accordance with five general values. These are: "1. Production and detritus availability. Previous VIMS reports have discussed the details of marsh production and the role of detritus which results when the plant material is washed into the water column. The term "detritus" refers to plant material which decays in the aquatic system and forms the basis of a major marine food web. The term "production" refers to the amount of plant material which is produced by the various types of marsh plants. Vegetative production of the major species has been measured, and marshes have been rated in accordance with their average levels of productivity. If the production is readily available to the marine food web as detritus,· a wetlands system is even more important than one of equal productivity where little detritus results. Availability of detritus is generally a function of marsh elevation and total flushing, with detritus more available to the aquatic environment in the lower, well-flushed marshes.

5 "2. Waterfowl and wildlife utilization. Long before marshes were discovered to be detritus producers, they were known as habitats for various mammals and marsh birds and as food sources for migratory waterfowl. Some marsh types, especially mixed freshwater marshes, are more valuable because of diversity of the vegetation found there. "3. Erosion buffer. Erosion is a common coastal problem. Marshes can be eroded, but some, particularly the more saline types, are eroded much more slowly then adjacent shores which are unprotected by marsh. This buffering quality is derived from the ability of the vegetation to absorb or dissipate wave energy by establishing a dense root system which stabilizes the substrate. Generally, freshwater species are less effective than saltwater plants in this regard. ''4. Water quality control. The dense growth of some marshes acts as a filter, trapping uplan""crsediment before it reaches waterways and thus protecting shellfish beds and navigation channels from siltation. Marshes can also filter out sediments that are already in the water column. The ability of marshes to filter sediments and maintain water clarity is of particular importance to the maintenance of clam and oyster production. Excessive sedimentation can reduce the basic food supply of shellfish through reduction of the photic zone where algae grow. It can also kill shellfish by clogging their gillso Additionally, marshes can assimilate and degrade pollutants through complex chemical processes, a discussion of which is beyond the scope of this paper ... " "5. Flood buffer. The peat substratum of some marshes acts as a giant sponge in receiving and releasing water. This characteristic is an effective buffer against coastal flooding, the effectiveness of which is a function of marsh type and size.

6 "Research and marsh inventory work accomplished by VIMS personnel indicate that 10 species of marsh vegetation tend to dominate many marshes, the dominant plant depending on water salinity, marsh elevation, soil type, and other factors. The term "dominant" is construed to mean that at least 50% of the vegetated surface of a marsh is covered by a single species. Brackish and freshwater marshes often have no clearly dominant species of vegetation. These marshes are considered to be highly valuable in environmental terms. 11

7 Marsh Types and Their Environmental Contributions (Edited from Guidelines for Activities Affecting Virginia Wetlands) Type I Saltmarsh Cordgrass Community a. Average yield 4 tons per acre per annum. (Optimum growth up to 10 tons per acre.) b. Optimum availability of detritus to the marine environment. c. Roots and rhizomes eaten by waterfowl and stems used in muskrat lodge construction. Also serves as nesting material for various birds. d. Deterrent to shoreline erosion. e. Serves as sediment trap and assimilates flood waters. Type II Saltmeadow Community a. 1-3 tons per acre per annum. b. Food (seeds) and nesting areas for birds. c. Effective erosion deterrent. d. Assimilates flood waters. e. Filters sediments and waste material. Type III Black Needlerush Community. a. 3-5 tons per acre per annum. b. Highly resistant to erosion. c. Traps suspended sediments but not as effective as Type II. d. Somewhat effective in absorbing flood waters. Type IV Saltbush Community a. 2 tons per acre per annum or les~. b. Nesting area for small birds and habitat for a variety of wildlife. c. Effective trap for flotsam.

8 Type V Big Cordgrass Com.munity a. 3-6 tons per acre per annum. b. Detritus less available than from Type I. c. Habitat for small animals and used for muskrat lodges. d. Effective erosion buffer. e. Flood water assimilation. Type VI Cattail Community a. 2-4 tons per acre per annum. b. Habitat for birds and utilized by muskrats. c. Traps upland sediments. Type VII Arrow Arum-Pickerel Weed Community a. 2-4 tons per acre per annum. b. Detritus readily available to marine environment. c. Seeds eaten by wood ducks. d. Susceptible to erosion from wave action and boat wakes, particularly in winter months. Type VIII Reed Grass Community a. 4-6 tons per acre per annum. b. Little value to wildlife except for cover. c. Invades marshes and competes with more desirable species. d. Deters erosion on disturbed sites. Type IX Yellow Pond Lily Community a. Less than 1 ton per acre per annum. b. Cover and attachment site for aquatic animals and algae. c. Feeding territory for fish.

9 Type X Saltwort Community a. Less than 0.5 tons per acre per annum. b. Little value to aquatic or marsh animals. Type XI Freshwater Mixed Community a. 3-5 tons per acre per annum. b. High diversity of wildlife. c. High diversity of wildlife foods. d. Often associated with fish spawning and nursery grounds. e. Ranks high as a sediment trap and nursery grounds. Type XI Brackish Water Mixe·d Community a. 3-4 tons per acre per annum. b. Wide variety of wildlife foods and habitat. c. Deterrent to shoreline erosion. d. Serves as sediment trap and assimilates flood waters. e. Known spawning and nursery grounds for fish.

10 Evaluation of Wetland Types (From Guidelines for Activities Affecting Virginia Wetlands) For management purposes, the twelve types of wetlands identified above are grouped into five classifications based on the estimated total environmental value of an acre of each type. Group One: Saltmarsh Cordgrass (Type I) Arrow Arum-Pickerel Weed (Type VII) Freshwater Mixed (Type XI) Brackish Water Mixed (Type XII) Group One marshes have ehe highest values in productivity and wildfowl and wildlife utility and are closely associated with fish spawning and nursery areas. They also have high value as erosion inhibitors, are important to the shellfish industry, and are valued as natural shoreline stabilizers. Group One marshes should be perserved. Group Two: Big Cordgrass (Type V) Saltmeadow (Type II) Cattail (Type VI) Group Two marshes are of only slightly lesser value than Group One marshes. The major difference is that detritus produced in these marshes is less readily available to the marine environment, due to higher elevations and consequently less tidal action to flush the detritus into adjacent waterways. Group Two marshes have very high values in protecting water quality and acting as buffers against coastal flooding. These marshes should also be preserved, but if development in wetlands is considered to be justified, it would be better to alter Group Two marshes than Group One marshes.

11 Group Three: Yellow Pond Lily (Type XI) Black Needlerush (Type III) The two marshes in the Group Three category are quite dissimilar in properties. The yellow pond lily marsh is not a significant contributor to the food web, but it does have high values to wildlife a.nd waterfowl. Black needlerush has little wildlife value, but it ranks high as an erosion flood buffer. Group Three marshes are important, though their total values are less than Group One and Two marshes. If development in wetlands is considered necessary, it would be better to alter Group Three marshes than Groups One or Two. Group Four: Saltbush (Type IV) The saltbush community is valued primarily for the diversity and bird nesting area it adds to the marsh ecosystem. To a lesser extent it acts as an erosion buffer. Group Four marshes should not be unnecessarily disturbed, but it would be better to concentrate necessary development in these marshes rather than disturb any of the marshes in the preceding groups. Group Five: Saltwort (Type X) Reedgrass (Type VIII) Based on present information Group Five marshes have few values of any significance. While Group Five marshes should not be unreasonably disturbed, it is preferable to develop in these marshes than in any other types. For a better tmderstanding of Virginia's wetlands in general, the Wetlands Act of 1972, and marsh types and their evaluation, the following publications are recommended:

12 Coastal Wetlands of Virginia I-rterim Report No. 2 Special Report in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering No. 27 Kenneth Marcellus, July 1972 Virginia Institute of Marine Science Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062 Laws of Virginia Relating to Wetlands and Subaqueous Waters Virginia Marine Resources Commission 2401 West Avenue Newport News, Virginia 23607 Wetlands Guidelines Virginia Marine Resources Commission 2401 West Avenue Newport News, Virginia 23607 Tidal Wetland Plants of Vir~inia Gene M. Silbe-rhorn, April 1 76 Educational Series No. 19 Virginia Institute of Marine Science Gloucester Point, Virginia 23062

13 Tidal Marsh Plants of Middlesex County Alder Alnus spp. American Germander* Teucrium canadense L. Arrow Arum Peltandra virginica (L.) Kunth Arrow Grass* Trigolchin striata R. & P. Arrowhead Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Sagittaria falcata Pursh Aspargus* Asparagus officinalis L. Bald Cypress Taxodium distichum (L.) Richard Bedstraw* Galium spp. Beggar Ticks Bidens laevis (L.) BSP. Big Cordgrass Spartina cynosuroides (L.) Roth Black Gum Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. Black Needlerush Juncus roemerianus Scheele Black Willow'>\ Salix nigra Marsh. Bog Hemp* Boehmeria cvlindrica (L.) Sw. Bur-reed* Sparganium spp. Buttercup* Ranunculus spp. Buttonbush Gephalanthus occidentalis L. Cattails Typha latifolia L. Ty~ha angustifolia L. Common Threesquare Scirpus americanus Pers. Chufa* ci~erus spp. Climbing Hempweed* Mi ania scandens (L.) Willd. Goldenrod* Solidago spp. Jewelweed* Impatiens capensis Meerb. Lilaeopsis* Lilaeopsis chinensis (L.) Ktze. Lizardtail')\' Saururus cernuus L. Marsh Hibiscus Hibiscus moscheutos L. Marsh Mallow* Kosteletzkya virginica (L.) Presl Marsh Pennywort* Hy'drocotyle umbellata L. H. verticillata Thunb. Mock Bishop-Weed* Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf. Olney Threesquare Scirpus olneyi Gray Orach* Atriplex patula L. Pickerelweed Pontederia cordata L. Red Maple* Acer rubrum L. Reedgrass Pl:lragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. Rice Cutgrass Leersia oryzoides (L.) Sw. Royal Fern Osmunda regalis L. var. spectabilis (Willd.) Gray

14 Marsh Plants (continued) Rushes* Juncus effusus L. Salt bushes Marsh Elder Iva frutescens L. Groundsel Tree Baccharis halimifolia L. Saltmarsh Aster* Aster subulatus Michx. Aster tenuifolius L. Saltmarsh Bulrush Scirpus robustus Pursh Saltmarsh Cordgrass Spartina alterniflora Loisel. Saltmarsh Fimbristylis Fimbristylis spadicea (L.) Vahl Saltmarsh Fleabane Pluchea urpurascens (Sw.) DC. Saltmarsh· ,Loosestrife Lythrum 1ineare L. Saltmeadow Grasses Saltmeadow Hay S?artina patens (Ait.) Muhl. Saltgrass Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene Saltwort Salicornia spp. Sea Lavender Limonium carolinianum (Walt.) Britt. Sedge* Carex albolutescens Schweinitz Carex spp. Smartweed Polhgonumpunctatum Ell. Spatterdock Nup ar luteum (L.) Sibth. & Sm. Soft-stem Bulrush Scirpus validus Vahl Spikerushes Ele·ocharis fallax Weatherb. E1eocharis parvula (R.&S.) Link Swamp Loosestrife* D~cddon verticillatus (L.) Ell. Swamp Milkweed,,,_ Asclepias incarnata L. Swamp Rose7>" Rosa palustris Marsh. Switchgrass Panicum virgatum L. Tear thumb Polygonum arifolium L. P. sagittatum L. Water Dock Rumex verticillatus L. Water Hemp Amaranthus cahnabinus (L.) J.D. Sauer Water Parsnip* Sium suave Walt. Wax Myrtle Myrlca cerifera L. Wild Millet* Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller Wild Rice Zizania aquatica L. Wood Reedgrass* Cinna arundinacea L. Woolgrass Scirpus c~perinus (L.) Kun th Yellow Flag* Iris pseu acorus L. *Species not included in the Virginia Wetlands Act of 1972.

15 Glossary of Descriptive Terms

Cove Marsh A marsh contained within a concavity or recessed area on a shoreline. The marsh vegetation is usually found surrounding a central, open-water pond, and tidal flushing is permitted through an inlet.

Creek or A mar.sh occupying a drowned creek Embayed Marsh valley. In many large creek marshes the salinity decreases headward; this type of marsh may be divided for inventory purposes into sections if significant changes in the plant community occur along its length.

Delta Marsh A marsh growing on sediment deposited at the mouth of a tidal creek. Tidal exchange through the creek mouth is usually restricted to narrow channels by the marsh.

16 Glossary of Descriptive Terms

Extensive Marsh A large marsh where the length and depth or width are roughly comparable. Most extensive marshes are drained by many tidal channels and creeks which have little freshwater input.

Fringe Marsh A marsh which borders a section of shoreline and generally has. a much greater length than width or depth.

High Marsh The marsh surface is at an elevation of mean high water or above; it is usually inundated less than twice daily by tidal action.

Low Marsh The marsh surface is at an elevation below mean high water; it is usually inundated twice daily by tidal action.

17 Glossary of Descriptive Terms Marsh Island An isolated marsh surrounded on all sides by open water. Interior portions of the marsh may contain trees scattered at highest elevations.

Pocket Marsh A marsh contained within a small, essentially semi-circular area on a shoreline.

Point or Spit A marsh which extends from the Marsh uplands in the form of a point or spit. Its development is usually influenced by tidal currents that form a sand berm behind which the marsh forms. /////

18 REFERENCE MAP TO WETLAND SECTIONS MIDDLESEX COUNTY

VIRGINIA SCALE OF MILES .·.·-----0 1 2 3 -4 5

... ""-. ___,,,. ------

INDEX TO COUNTY LOCATION

19 Section I. McKans Bay to Parrotts Creek The marshes of this section are dominated by big cordgrass (106 acres) and comprise the largest acreage (350 acres) of any of the other sections. The three major creeks in this section, Masons Mill Swamp, Mud Creek and Parrotts Creek, all display the classic changes in wetland species composition as salinity decreases in the water which floods the marshes. The marshes at the mouths of the creeks have large percentages of saltmarsh cordgrass, saltmeadow grasses and black needlerush where the water has the highest salinity. The marshes upstream gradually grade into marshes dominated almost completely by big cordgrass. At the heads of Mason Mill Swamp and Parrotts Creek the vegetation changes again to domination by freshwater species like, cattails, wild rice, arrow arum and pickerelweed. Masons Mill Swamp is dammed above SR604 to form what appears to be the remains of an old mill pond. The dam is in disrepair and there is very little water remaining in the pond. The entire pond area is now covered by a very diverse freshwater marsh. A small stand of the rare white flowered pickerel weed was observed in this non-tidal pond. In the upper part of the tidal portion of the swamp is a large stand of submerged aquatic vegetation including pondweed, Potamogeton epihydrus, horned pondweed, Zahnichel1ia palustris, and spikerush, Eleocharis sp. Mud Creek is crossed by the SR 648 causeway severely limiting tidal influence above this point. There is a large area of marsh above the causeway that is not included in this inventory because of its apparent non-tidal nature. Punchbowl Point at the mouth of the creek is a classic example of a developing spit marsh. Sand is carried along the shoreline from upriver and deposited at the end of the spit. These deposits accumulate and are colonized by marsh plants when the appropriate elevation is reached. If deposition continues the area will undergo succession to beach species and then to pines as has occurred in some areas of the point.

20 The Parrotts Creek area represents one of the largest concentrations of marsh (192 acres) in Middlesex County. It is a very pristine area with very little development along its banks except at the mouth. An active bald eagle nest was observed on the edge of Marsh No. 36 during the inventory. This area is a highly productive wildlife habitat as evidenced by the large number of muskrat lodges and plentiful waterfowl food plants wild rice, smartweeds, arrow arum, water hemp, Olney threesquare and tearthumb. In addition, it is a valuable nursery area for juveniles of many commercially and recreationally important fishes.

.21 ,,. / / 8

BUTYLO / I ...... I ...... I -...... I ...... McKANS BAY

•

SCAlE 1 · LA .000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET l!:sz::,...:. L===:J...... w ...J

0 J SECTION I. McKANS BAY TO PARROTTS CREEK PART A. McKANS BAY

22 Section IA McKans Bay

::c: u, a:: ::, UJ u, u, a:: I- ::, u, u, UJ u, 3: u UJ - - UJ ::c: u a:: ::;: ::c: ::c: a:: :;:: I- UJ I ...J :a: UJ .u, u I- I- I- a:: ::;:w UJ UJ u I- UJ I- en en UJ 0 a:: I- a:: UJ I- u, MARSH I- I- Cl I- en "" "° u. ...J ..JO a:: :i 0 ..JO:: ...J<

15 15 30 10 15 a,15 % - - - Pocket marsh behind beach only 2 McKans Bay .70 part of it is tidal. XII acre, .11 .11 .21 .06 .11 a, .11

% 20 15 3 - 32 - 30 Pocket marsh behind beach - major portion tidal during 3 McKans Bay 1. 70 storm tides• XII acre, .34 .26 .05 .54 .51

,. 10 10 60 - 2 15 - - - 3 Lower portion of a brackish Masons Mill creek marsh dominated by 9.40 V 4 Swamp Big cordgrass. acre, 1.0 1.0 5.6 - .2 1.4 - - - .20 b,lO;c,6 Tidal freshwater ,. 50 - - 2.0 - 10 1 - -- aa,l;d,l k,ff ,hh creek marsh above Masons Mill 9.4 -f " h i 5 Swamp b,9 c, .6 the brackish area VI acres 4.7 - - 1.9 - .90 • K - - - aa~l d,.1 cattail dominated • la· -aa ,, 6 6· 29 - 1 29 - - - 13 - 4 - 2 - - 4b -a Traces h, i, k, Total - - - 3c -f,g j' 21.72 ff, hh. Section IA .pa . aa acres 1.24 1.37 6.30 - .28 6.31 - .06 - - - - 2.75 - .90 .10 .51 - - . b •1 d .6c -f ·"

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z·YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHU,'113 M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L. I-RUSHES N·REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRAS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O·WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS IJ-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 23 ----e-

8 • / SCALE t , 24,0_00 SECTION L McKANS BAY TO PARROTTS 1000-- 0 lOOO 2000 FHT CREEK ~ 6.z,_~ b __ .:.zs.J PART B. MUD AND PARROTTS CREEK

24 - Section IB Mud Creek and Parrotts Creek

:c en 0:: :::, w en en 0:: I- :::, en en LU en 3:: u w <( _J w w en <( 0 en en LU w 0:: 3:: 0:: t:l en a:: 0:: en a.. _J :: en LU LL _J :::, :;: a.. u :c en 0 l'J LU w :c <( <( <( :: :c -al ""u t:l :c t:l :c- :::, :::, <( LU LU 0:: >- <( en en t:l t:l w :c en en 0:: w en 0 a:: en LU en I- 0:: <( <( U1 0:: z U1 _J a:: :c C!J G l'J :c a:: :;: -:c t:l <( w :::, I- :c LU 0:: I- _J <( 0:: LU LU 0 :::, <( en zen en :c <( 3: a:: en en 3: <( U1 :c <( ::S- LU :c u 0:: :;: :c :c 0:: 3:: I- w I:::, _J ::SW .en I- I- t:l I- U1 ""u I- I- I- 0:: :,;: LU WW u I- w I- U1 en LU 0 0:: I- 0:: w I- en _J <( LL --l _J 0 0:: # MARSH 0 _J 0:: _J <( (!) <( _J I- _J _J ::so:: zo:: <( I- 0:: 0:: I- 0:: "" 3:: <( I- <(0 <( 0:: _J <( <( <(:::, 0:C _J :c 0:: 3:: <( <( <( <( <( 0:: :: -a.. o:::, w <(0 OTHERS OBSERVATIONS :: LOCATION enu (f)(:,!J al- al U1 u en al UI- 01- 0 en 3: en :: :;: 3:: <( U1 en uo ca -, en--' '7. 10 15 10 50 15 - -e Black needlerush dominated Rappahannock ~•rsh behind well developed 6.5 III 6 River dune along river. acres .65 .98 .65 13 .25 .98 - -e

% 5 5 30 50 10 Black needlerush dominated spit - Low dune along river Punchbowl 21.9 =•rsh. 7 Point with American beachgrass and III acre, 1.1 1.1 6.57 10.95 2.19 - goldenrod.

Black eedlerush dominated 15 2 80 3 % pocket marsh. Bald Eagle III 8 Mud Creek 1.0 sighted 16 March 1977. acres .15 .02 .80 .03

10 40 10 5 -1 % 35 - Large pocket marsh dominated 9 Mud Creek 4.0 by black needlerush and salt XII acre, 1.4 .40 1.6 •40 .20 - -1 !meadow •

% - 50 5 40 5 - - Large saltmeadow dominated 10 Mud Creek 2.0 pocket marsh. II acres - 1.0 .10 .80 .10 - -

% 3 17 25 6 33 10 1 5 - -- - -1 Extensive brackish creek marsh. Tidal up to Route 648 causeway. 86.4 11 Mud Creek another old causeway slightly XII acre 2.6 114. 7 21.6 5.2 tz8.5 8.6 .90 4.3 - - - - -1 downstream from 648.

% - 40 25 15 15 3 2 Meadow dominated pocket marsh 12 Mud Creek 2.4 and adjacent 15' fringe. XII acres .96 .60 .36 .36 .07 .05 - ;

% 4 2-0 16 30 15 10 5 -1 13 Mud Creek 12.9 Creek marsh. XII lacres .52 2.58 2.06 3.87 1.94 1.29 .65 -1

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-PJCKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD c-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WJLD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L !-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRA s: E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR Tl CKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS 11-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 25 Section IB Mud Creek and Parrotts Creek

::r: (/) c:: :::, lJ.J (/) (/) c:: f- :::, (/) (/) lJ.J (/) 3: u cu <( ....) lJ.J lJ.J (/) <( 0 (/) (/) w (/) (/) ....) :,,:: (/) w c:: 3: c:: <=l c:: 0:: 0.. :::: lJ.J u.. 0.. u ::r:u, 0 l!l lJ.J lJ.J ::r: <( <( :::: ::r: ....) -ro u :::, <=l ::r: :::: <=l ::r:- :::, (/) >- <( (/)(/) <=l <=l lJ.J ::r: (/) (/) ~ 0:: lJ.J (/) <( 0 c:: lJ.J w lJ.J c.no:: I- 0:: <( <( (/) c:: z (/) ....) c::::r: C, G l!l ::r: c:: :;: -::r: <=l <( w :::, f- = w 0:: f- ....) <( c:: u.JW 0 :::, <( (/) zc.n (/) ::r: <( 3: c:: (/)(/) 3: <( (/) :;::u, :,,:: <( :;: ,_ :::, ....) :c <( z (.9 u ro - :::::::, ow >-W :c u 0:: ::r: ::r: c:: 3: w I ~w .CJ) ,_ f- <=l ,_ (/) u f- f- f- 0:: :;:w WW u f- w f- (/) (/) w 0 0:: :,,:: f- c:: w f- (/) ....) <( (!) ....) ....)....) <( ....) <( u...... J ...JO c:: II MARSH 0 ...JC:: <( f- :;:o:: zo:: f- c:: c:: f- c:: 3: <( ,_ <( 0 <( c:: ....) <( <( ,o:::::, o:c ....) :c c:: -3: <( <( <( <( <( c:: :;: -CL o:::, w

% 15 25 10 40 5 5 - - Pocket marsh and adjacent 15 Mud Creek 1.86 8' fringe mar sh . XII acm, .28 .47 .19 .74 .09 .09 - -

% 35 11 13 35 - 2 4 7ringe marsh ave. 18 1 wide, XII 16 Mud Creek .35 lacre, 12 .04 .05 .12 - .01 .01

% 25 15 20 15 25 - 17 :)lud Creek 1.60 Large pocket marsh. XII acre: .40 .24 .32 .24 .40 -

% 35 23 1 18 2 10 - 10 1 - - Very diverse pristine creek 18 Mud Creek 12.3 marsh with a large tidal pond. XII acres 4.3] 2.83 .12 2.21 .25 1.23 - n..23 .12 - -

% 65 35 - - Cordgrass dominated fringe 19 Mud Creek .50 marsh ave. 20' wide. I acr" .33 .18 - -

% 30 15 5 - 5 45 - - Large pocket marsh with a 20 Mud Creek 2.5 large stand of cattails at XII acr" .75 .38 .12 - .12 1.13 - - upper end.

% 70 15 5 10 - Discontinuous fringe marsh on 21 Mud Creek • 50 5 relict spits • Average 12' I bcres . 35 .07 .03 .05 - along entire length .

::c (/) a:: ::, LU (/) (/) a:: .... ::, (/) (/) LU (/) 3: u LU ,'. ::;: (f) Lil u. a.. u :CV> 0 (!) LU LU ::c - ,'. c:Q - LU ::c u a:: ::c ::c a:: 3: .... ::.:w .(/) f--Q .... U) u .... f-C:: :E: UJ LU LU u .... LU .... (f) (/) LU 0 a::. >,'. f-C:: LU .... U) ~·- ...... I :;,: a:: ;/ MARSH 0 ....la:: ....I LU ....I 50,m 50 Small pocket marsh with con- % - - -,u siderable fresh water influence. 22 Mud Creek .50 .25,m Partially blocked from tidal XI !acre, .25 action by beach, storm tide - - -,u inundation.

% 40 45 10 5 !Marsh which has developed inside a riprap and timber jetty 23 Parrotts Creek .80 at the mouth of creek • XII !acre, .32 .36 .08 •04

% 50 - 15 - 35,n ~arge cordgrass dominated pocket marsh with a large stand Parrotts Creek 2.4 I 24 of reedgrass on one side, !acre, 1.2 .- .36 - .84,n

% 35 40 20 5 - Fringe marsh averaging 9' wide 25 Parrotts Creek .25 iwith a small pocket of marsh XII acre: .09 .10 • 05 .01 - hibiscus •

% 20 25 20 15 15 5 - - - Large mixed brackish marsh 26 Parrotta Creek 7,6 "'ith a small tidal creek draining it. XII acre: 1.52 1.90 1.52 1.14 1.14 .38 - - -

% 30 40 5 3 - 15 4 3 - - - - Large pocket marsh with XII 27 Parrotta Creek • 95 extensive meadow areas • acre: .29 .38 .05 .03 - .14 .04 .03 - - - -

% 27 37 5 10 - 10 4 2 5 Large pocket marsh, cordgrass 28 Parrotta Creel< 2.80 and meadow dominated with XII intertidal orach . acre, .76 1.04 .14 .28 - .28 .11 .06 . 14

% 10 65 10 5 - 10 -- - Pocket marsh with cordgrass 29 Parrotts Creel< .90 and big cordgrass fringe and acre: .09 .59 .09 .05 - • 09 - - - large meadow area • II

if) c::: ::, LU if) c::: t- ~ if) if) LU if) 3: u LU <( if) (/) if) LU ...I LU LU c,: 0 LU (/) if) Q.. if) LU IL a:: 3: a: Cl c::: 0:: ...I Q.. u :r: (/) 0 (!) LU LU :r: <( < <( ::;: :r: ...I -Ol ""u ~ Cl :r: ::,: Cl :r:- c,: CJ) U) Cl Cl LU u, if) ::, :::, c::: LU if) <( 0 0:: LJ.J u, UJ LU if)Q:'. >- (f) (':} (!) <( ::, t- "'<( <( if) a:: z ...I c::::r: a, - 0:: ::,: -:r: Cl LJ.J I- :r: LJ.J a: I- ...I <( a:: LJ.JW 0 ::, <( U) z U) U) :r: - <( 3: 0:: u, U) 3: <( U) <( ::,:(!) ::;:(/) <( LU ::;: I- LU I:::: ...I ::;:w :r: u Ol - ~ => ow >- u a: :r: :r: a:: 3: U) t- 1--·Cl t- (/) ""u t- I- I- 0:: z:.-:w LJ.JW u I- w I- CJ) CJ) LU 0 a: t- a: LU I- u, MARSH <( c,: IL .J _JC c::: l! 0 ...JO:: ...I<( <.D ...I t- ...1...1 ::;:o:: ZQ:'. I- .J Cl:'. 0:: t- 0:: ef. "" ~ c( I- <(0 <( a: ...I <( <( <(::, o:r: ...1:r: 0:: -3: <( <( <( <( <( c::: ::;: -o_ o:::i LJ.J <(O LOCATION (f)(!) (/) (f) CJ) (/) (f) -, (f) _; OTHERS OBSERVATIONS ::;: (J)U -Ol Ol u (f) Ol u I- Ot- 0 3: :c :c 3: <( "'""' % 15 45 17 - 13 5 - 5 -- - - 30 Parrotts Creek 9.30 ~xtensive marsh dominated by :neadow. XU la.cres 1.40 4.18 1.5! - 1.21 .46 - .46 -- --

Jo 5 80 15 - - Creek marsh dominated by big 31 Parrotts Creek 3,94 ·ordgrass with cattails and V la.ere, .20 3.1' .59 - - and hibiscus at head.

% 10 72 - 15 - - - 3 - Extensive marsh dominated by 32 Parrotts Creek 10.3 big cordgrass. V la.ere, 1.03 7 J+2 - 1.5' - - - .31 - g,- % 3 3 70 14 - 2 3 2 -- - -- 3 - - g~= o,- Extremely large creek marsh in- eluding beth forks which grade 33 Parrotts Creek 60 V g,- into tidal freshwater marshes 1.2( 1.2( acre, 1.80 1.80 42.0 8.40 - 1.80 -- - -- 1.80 - - g:: o,- at their heads. .,.,,, b,4 h,- 1, 3 57 - {: - 1 -- - - - o,35 p,- Large tidal freshwater marsh Head of - - 34 14.3 ",- dominated by cattails and wild VI Parrotts Creek rice . acre: .43 8.15 - - • 14 ------g: s~61~:: - " - b,13 c,- Tidal freshwater marsh dominate< ,. - - 55 - - - 13 2 - - 1 h,1 ~~, ... o 15 JJ - by cattails with a broad fringe 35 Wyatt sw,m,p 24.8 b3.22 c,- of arrow arum and pickerelweed VI acre, 13,61 tL22 .50 .25 h 2 a~,- Large stand of wild rice in ------o1, 12 JJ,- ,.:IJ..,,. .... ~p . --.,-1 Jo 15 15 40 25 1 1 - - 1 1 1 Large creek marsh dominated by 36 Parrotts Creek 6.74 big cordgrass. Bald Eagle nest in pine tree on edge of XII acre, 1.0 1.0 2.70 1.69 .07 .07 -- 0.7 .07 .07 marsh.

% 13 14 60 3 3 - 4 1 2 Extensive marsh with broad big -- cordgrass fringe with stands 37 Parrotta Cree~ 5.6 of meadow and patches of three- V acre, .73 .78 3.36 .17 .17 - .22 .06 - - .11 square. Horned pondweed grow- I,..;_ ;n ----k ~d;acent to it.

:c u, a:: ::, UJ u, u, a:: I- ::, u, u, UJ u, :;:: u UJ < -' UJ UJ u, < 0 u, u, UJ UJ. 0:: :;:: a:: Cl CJ? 0:: a:: u, c.. -' :;:: u, UJ u.. c.. u :cu, 0 l':l UJ UJ I < c( < :;:: I -' -Ill "'u ::, Cl I :;:: Cl I- ::, U) U) U) >- < U) U) Cl Cl LJ.I I U) U) ::, a:: UJ < 0 a:: UJ UJ UJ a:: I- c::< - UJ I u 0:: I :c Cl'.: 3: I- -' ::c .(/) I- I- Cl I- u, u I- I- I- Cl'.: :a: UJ UJ UJ u I- UJ I- CJ? CJ? LU 0 Cl'.: I- 0:: UJ I- CJ? MARSH "' :;:: 0:: if 0 -' Cl'.: -' < l':l < -' I- -'-' :.:a:: zo:: < I- -' a:: a:: I- a:: < "' u..-' -'O < I-

% 35 5 25 30 2 - -- 1 2 Creek marsh with freshwater influence at head. XII 38 Parrotts Creek 3.08 acres 1.08 .15 .77 .92 .06 - -- .03 0.6

% 25 - 70 5 - - - Two small pocket marshes 39 Parrotts Creek .33 dominated by big cordgrass. V acre, .08 - .23 .02 - - -

% 18 20 25 25 - 9 -- 3 - Small creek marsh with dense 40 Parrotts Creek 2.83 stands of orach. XII 01cre, .51 .57 .71 .71 - .25 -- .08 -

% 30 27 25 10 5 - - - 3 41 Parrotts Creek .44 Small cove marsh. XII 01cre, .13 .12 .11 .04 .02 - - - .01

% 25 15 30 25 5 - Broad fringe marsh ave. 13' 42 Parrotts Creek .36 ,wide. A small pocket marsh. XII acre, .09 .05 .11 .09 .02 -

% 25 25 20 25 - 5 - 43 Parrotts Creek 2.3 Large cove marsh. XII acre, .58 .58 .46 .58 - .11 -

% 40 25 5 25 5 -- Two small pocket marshes and 44 Parrotts Creek • 88 connecting fringe marsh • XII acres .35 .22 .04 .22 .04 - -

% 35 35 2 5 8 15 - - - - - 45 Parrotts Creek 2.5 Large cove marsh. XII acre, .87 .87 .05 .13 .20 .38 - - - - -

:r en 0::: ::, UJ en en 0::: I- ::, en en UJ en 3:: u _J UJ UJ < UJ UJ en < 0 en en UJ Q _J ::,: (/) UJ 0::: 3:: 0::: en 0::: 0::: en 0.. u. 0.. u :r (/) 0 - - UJ :r: u c:: :r: :r: 0::: ?. I- .(/) I-(/) I- 0::: ::,: UJ UJ UJ UJ (/) (/) UJ 0::: I- 0::: w I- I- 1-Q ""u I- I- u I- I- 0 en 0::: 1t MARSH 0 _J 0:: _J <

% 30 50 2 2 1 10 - - 5 Creek marsh and adjacent pocket b-rsh with extensive meadow 46 Parrotts Creek 3.6 areas and a large stand of II acre, II..08 1.8 .07 .07 .04 .36 - - .18 lmarsh mallow. a,- z,- Broad fringe of mixed brackish Rappahannock % 20 10 40 5 10 12 - 3 - g,- - - - u - --rsh plants along river with 47 River 2.67 XII Ross Point a,- z,- a large pocket of freshwater acre, .53 .27 1.0 .13 .27 - .32 - .08 g,- marsh plants behind beach berm. - - - u - b,l n,- % 8 13 30 10 12 16 1 2 1 - - 1 1 - - - h,- Total Sub ------m - o,3 Trace a,c,e,g,h,1,p, Section IB 328 b,3.79 n, .84 u,z,aa,ii,jj acre, 27.'!I+ 43. 77 99.9 31.89 38.42 51.5' 1. 7, 6.97 3.55 .04 1.20 .07 .79 .72 - 3.22 2.37 .14 .25 h, .25 o,8.73 - - - m .25

% 8 13 30 9 11 lZ 1 2 1 - 1 1 - - ~;i g:: 8;2 Trace e,f,g,i, ------c,- m,- aa,- Total 350 j, k, l ,p,u,z, ff, Section I a, .11 d,.l n,.84 ljlj, ii, jj acres 28.58 45.11 106.2 31.89 38.7 57 .9 1. 77 .06 ,_6 .97 3.55 .04 1.20 .07 .79 3.47 - 4.12 2.47 .65 - .25 - b,4.69 h, .25 6,8. 73 c .• 6 m, ,25 aa .1

31 \ \ \

e>f&

·+·• SCALE 1 : 2.t,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET ~~ ===i:,;-~

HARRY GEORGE AND WEEKS CREEK <\ Section II Harry George Creek and Weeks Creek .- ...._ ... :r Cf) er: :::, w Cf) Cf) er: I- :::, Cf) Cf) w Cf) 3: u w < ...J w w Cf) < 0 Cf) Cf) w W~ Cf) Cf) :,.c :;;: Cf) LL er: 3: er: Cl er: er: 0.. ...J w 0.. u :r (/) 0 (!) w w :r < - (/)Cf) Cl Cl w :r Cf) Cf) :::, ::, er: w Cf) 0 er: w Cf) LU LU CfJC<: < < :::, I- c:: < < Cf) Ct:'. z Cf) ...J Ct:'.I C, G (!) :r Ct:'. :;;: -:r Cl < w I- :r w Ct:'. I- ...J < Ct:'. LUW 0 :::, <{Cf) ZCfJ Cf) :r < 3: Ct:'. (/)Cf) 3: < Cf) :;;: (!) :,.c :;;: LU I :::, ...J ::;:w :r < :E;Vl u ca -< z:::, 0 LU >-W :r u er: :r :r er: 3: I- Cf) Cf) Cf) 0 :,.c I- Ct:'. w I- Cf) I- I- Cl I- Cf) u I- I- I- Ct:'. :E LU ww u I- LU I- w er: Ct:'. 1. MARSH 0 ...Jet:'. ...J< (!) < ...J I- ...J...J :e:cr: ZCt:'. < I- ...J Ct:'. er: I- er: < LL ...J 3: ...JO I- o:r ...J :r Ct:'. -3: < < w <(0 <:;;: Cf) (/) :;;: (/) (/) (/)CQ "') (/)_J OTHERS OBSERVATIONS LOCATION CfJU Cf)

% 30 10 42 2 15 1 Broad fringe marsh averaging Rappahannock 48 .so 20' wide dominated by big XII River cordgrass, acres .15 .05 .21 .01 .07 .01

% 40 40 20 Rappahannock - !Marsh spit projecting from 49 River .so beach. XII acres .20 - .20 .10 n,- Smoky Point % 40 20 20 10 10 - - x,- Large spit marsh severely 50 Harry George 11.0 eroding in places. XII Creek n,- acres 4.4 2.2 2.2 1.1 1.1 - - x,-

% - 15 - 60 25 - - w,- Harry George Large needlerush dominated 51 3.0 cove marsh. III Creek acres - .45 - 1.8 .75 - - w,-

% 20 30 - 22 23 - 5 - - e,- Large brackish water mixed Harry George 52 21.1 creek marsh wnich grades into Creek XII acre, 4.22 6.33 - 4.64 ff,85 - 1.06 - - e,- freshwater marsh. u; 7 q,- A mixed freshwater creek marsh % 2 5 - 8 - 4 7 35 - 2 30 a,- ee,- Harry George f - resulting from reduced drainage 53 Creek 7.3 }i:·21 from the causeway crossing of XI ac,;e, .15 .37 .58 .29 .51 2,56 - .15 2.19 ei;: Route 651 with culvert, - - f,-

% 7 3 65 25 - Harry George - - Extensive needlerush marsh with several wooded points not 54 Creek 2.4 III lacres .87 .37 - 8.06 13.10 - - shown on topographic map.

% 20 27 6 8 26 5 1 7 - - - 1,- Harry George Long creek marsh with a narrow 27 .3 55 Creek twisting tidal stream, XII lecres 5.46 7 .37 1.64 2 .• 18 17 .10 1.37 .27 1.91 - - - 1,-

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RJCE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG.HEMP B-PICKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LIZARDTAIL ]-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRA5 E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 33 Section II Harry George Creek and Weeks Creek

:c U) ll:'. :=, LJ.J U) U) ll:'. I- :=, U) U) w U) 3: u l.U <( _J LJ.J w U) <( 0 U) U) w w ll:'. 3: Cl U) U) c.. _J 0£. :;:: (/) w LL c.. u :c U) 0 "'- Cl Cl LJ.J :c Cl'.'. 0 w I- c:: <( <( U) ll:'. z U) _J ll:'. :c 0 c,; ·W :c u :c :c 3: I- "' :cw .U) I- U) :;::w UJW u I- U) U) LI.I 0 Cl'.'. 0£. I- 0::: w I- U) I- I- Cl u I- I- I-"' w I- 0:: # MARSH 0 _J"' _J <(

% 15 35 - 30 10 10 Har)Cy George 5.90 57 Creek Large creek marsh. XII acre, .89 l!.06 - 1. 77 .59 .59

% 10 45 - 30 15 -- - Harry George Meadow dominated embayed marsh. XII 58 Creek 5.80 cres .58 ~.61 - 1.74 .87 - - -

% 2 5 88 5 - Harry George - 59 2.60 Needlerush dominated embayed Creek III cres .05 .13 - 2.29 .13 - marsh.

% 22 23 - 40 15 - Harry George Point marsh with small island 60 Creek 3.50 and adjacent broad fringe licres • 77 .80 - 1.40 .53 - marshes 20' wide. XII

% 30 20 20 30 - - 61 .90 Broad fringe marsh averaging Stove Point 30' wide. XII bcres .27 .18 .18 .27 - -

% - 90 5 - 5 Rappahannock Small meadow dominated pocket 62 .77 River marsh along river shoreline. II !acres - .69 .04 - .04 n,30 q,- % 2 20 8 25 15 u,- Pocket marsh behind beach with Rappahannock - - a - freshwater influence at head 63 River 1.3 n,39 q,- and along edges with reedgrass XII !acres .03 .26 .10 .32 .20 u,- - - a,- along the beach.

:i: (/) 0:: ::, UJ (/) (/) 0:: I- ::, (/) (/) UJ (/) 3': u UJ <( _J w UJ (/) <( 0 (/) (/) UJ _J w 0:: 3': 0:: 0 (/) 0:: 0:: (/) 0.. :c (/) UJ lJ... 0.. u :J:U) 0 (!) UJ UJ :i: - <( (/)(/) 0 0 LLI :i: (/) 0:: UJ "' 0 0:: UJ UJ I- c:: <( <( (/) 0:: z (/) _J o:::i: G G (!) :i: 0:: :c -:i: 0 <( UJ ::, 1-:i: UJ 0:: I- _J ::, <( (/) ZU) (/) <( 0:: (/)(/) <( (/) <( 0:: UJ UJ 0 :i: 3: 3': :i: <( <( 0:: I ::, _J :c UJ ~l9 :C- UJ :i: u 0:: :c :i: :i: 3'. I- w .(/) I- 1-0 I- (/) u I- I- I- 0:: :c UJ UJ UJ u I- UJ I- (/) (/) UJ 0 0:: I- 0:: UJ I-(/) '"' "' _J _J _J <( I.!.. _J _JC 0:: # MARSH 0 _J 0:: _J <( (!) <( _J I- :c 0:: zo:: <( I- 0:: 0:: I- 0:: '"' 3: <( I- <(0 <( 0:: _J <( <( <(::, o:i: _J :i: 0:: -3: <( <( <(

% 20 20 10 20 30 - - - Large point marsh with a small 65 Weeks Creek 2.1 XU ~ere, .42 .42 .21 •42 .63 - - - pond in it •

% 30 15 20 15 20 !Marsh island in the mouth of 66 Weeks Creek .55 !Weeks Creek . XU acre, .17 .08 .11 • 08 .11

% 85 5 5 - 5 - Large cove marsh with extensive 67 Weeks Creek .84 intertidal area and cattails I acre: .71 .04 .04 - • 04 - in the upper pockets • '•

% 40 25 - 15 2 - 5 - - - - - 13 Large creek marsh dominated by 68 Weeks Creek 3.0 intertidal cordgrass with a XII acre.s 1.20 .75 - .45 .06 - .15 - - - - - .39 large stand of hibiscus at its h 0 ad.

28 50 5 1 5 10 1 '7o - - - Large pocket marsh dominated by 69 Weeks Creek 1.2 meadow with cattails and II acre, .34 .60 .06 .01 .06 .12 - .01 - - hibiscus at head.

% 48 30 15 - 5 - 2 - Large pocket marsh. Five blue 70 Weeks Creek 1.3 herons sighted • I acres .62 .39 .19 - .07 - - • 03

% 20 20 15 20 20 - 5 Broad fringe marsh averaging 71 Weeks Creek .25 12' wide • XII acres .05 .05 .04 i.05 .05 - • 01

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'Yo 40 40 10 5 5 Small cove marsh. XII 73 Weeks Creek .40 acre, .16 .16 .04 .02 .02

% 20 35 45 - - - - Small needlerush dominated 74 Weeks Creek .43 pocket rr.arsh, XII acre, .09 .15 .19 - - - -

% 15 25 60 - Small pocket marsh. , III 75 Weeks Creek .54 acres .08 .14 .32 -

% 15 15 70 - - - - 76 Weeks Creek 1.10 Needlerush domim ted cove marsh with two pockets. III acre, .17 .17 .77 - - - -

% 10 10 80 - - - Large needlet1Ush dominated 77 Weeks Creek 1.20 pocket marsh. Twelve ruddy III acre, .12 .12 .96 - - - ducks sighted 17 May 1977.

% 15 15 - 70 - - Large. needlerush dominated 78 Weeks Creek 1.07 pocket marsh • III acres .16 .16 - • 75 - -

% 10 50 1 20 10 1 2 2 3 - 1 - - - - Large meadow dominated creek Freshwater influence at 79 Weeks Creek 5.20 marsh. II head • Horned pondweed growing .05 lacres .52 2.6 .05 1.04 .52 .05 .10 .10 • 16 - - - - - in cove.

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% 5 25 - 7 48 10 1 1 1 - 2 - - e,- Long creek marsh dominated 81 Weeks Creek 34.2 by saltbushes and meadow. IV acre, .71 8.55 - 2.39 16 .42 3.42 .34 .34 .34 - .68 - - e,-

% 10 35 2 so 2 1 - Small saltbush dominated - - - - - creek marsh with extensive 82 Weeks Creek 6.2 hneadow areas, IV !acres .62 2.17 .12 3.10 .12 .06 ------

% 20 65 10 - 5 - - - - ~hree small pocket marshes along shoreline with cattails 83 Weeks Creek 1.1 along upper edges. II klcre, .22 .71 ,11 - ,06 - - - -

% so 30 - 5 3 5 2 2 2 - 1 -- Small cordgrass dominated 84 Weeks Creek 2.85 creek marsh . I acre, 1.42 .86 - .14 .08 .14 .06 .06 .06 - • 03 - -

% 20 45 5 10 20 85 Weeks Creek .40 Small meadow dominated pocket hnarsh • XII acre, .08 .18 ,02 • 04 .08

% 15 75 5 5 - - - - Pocket marsh with extensive 86 Weeks Creek .63 !meadow areas. II acre: .10 .47 ,03 .03 -- - -

40 20 15 25 % - - - - - Small creek marsh with ex tens iv, 87 Weeks Creek 2.9 cordgrass areas. XII acre, 1.16 .58 .43 .73 - - -- -

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% 10 30 20 40 - - - - n,- Large bifurcate creek marsh, -- saltbush dominated. Horned Weeks Creek 11.8 89 pondweed growing in creek. XII acre, 1.18 3.54 2.36 4. 72 ------n,-

% 10 20 35 35 - - Narrow fringe marsh and two 90 Weeks Creek .60 small pocket marshes • XII acre, .06 .12 . 21 .21 - -

% 35 35 30 - - - - - Narrow fringe marsh and two 91 Weeks Creek .60 small pocket marshes • XII acre, .21 . 21 - .18 - - - -

% 10 30 25 35 ------n,- Meadow and saltbush dominated 92 Weeks Creek 2.4 creek marsh with large stands of needlerush . XII acre, ,,24 • 72 .60 • 84 ------n,-

% 5 18 2 70 5 - - - - Needlerush dominated pocket .90 III 93 Weeks Creek marsh • acre, .05 . 16 .02 .63 .05 - - - -

% 5 5 90 Small needlerush dominated 94 Weeks Creek .60 pocket marsh • III acres .03 .03 • 54

% 5 30 50 15 - - - Needlerush dominated pocket 95 Weeks Creek .80 marsh with large meadows and a 5 1 fringe marsh adjacent to III acrm .04 .24 .40 .12 - - - it.

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% 17 30 50 l 2 - Needlerush dominated pocket 97 Weeks Creek .28 marsh with a cordgrass_fringe and internal meadows • III acre, .05 .08 • 14 - .01 -

% 10 20 - 70 -- - Small needlerush pocket marsh 1 98 Weeks Creek .25 ith a 5 cordgrass and meadow III £tinge marsh • acre, .02 .05 - • 18 - - - Marsh isolated by low dune. % - 30 - 5 40 15 10 - - - Strong freshwater influence. 99 Weeks Point 1.3 Hibiscus and cattails near up- XII acre, - .39 - .06 .52 .20 .13 - - - land and large stands of !meadow and saltmarsh bulrush. n,- Total % 16 26 3 21 24 4 1 - 2 - -- - 2 - - 1 - -- u,- Section II 198 Trace a,e,f,l,q,w,x,ee acres 31.19 50.61 5.56 40.89 48.3' 7 .11 1.51 .8 3.54 .07 .08 .51 4.32 .41 - .16 2.2 -- n, .39 - - u, .51

Section III Lagrange Creek to Perkins Creek The first part of this section includes all of Lagrange Creek which contains a total of 257 acres. The dominant species in this part is big cordgrass, Spartina ct¥osuroides, (90 acres). This is the result of the extensive big cordgrass 4rype V) marshes located along the upper reaches of the two branches. The lower reach marshes are dominated by the more brackish species, saltmarsh cordgrass (34 acres) and saltmeadow grasses (51 acres) with a declining percentage of black needlerush, probably due to increasing salinity in the mouths of the creeks. This creek also contains a considerable acreage of cattails (33 acres). The major concentrations of this species are at the heads of the two main branches where there are two large freshwater tidal marshes. Other dominants in these marshes include, arrow arum, pickerelweed, smartweeds, jewel weed and rice cutgrass. Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) was observed in several areas; species included were a pondweed, Potamogeton sp., and horned pondweed, Zannichellia palustris. Lagrange Creek has remained in a relatively undeveloped and unspoiled condition. The residential density is fairly low except in small scattered areas and the primary fastland use is agricultural. Several of the marshes along this creek are used to pasture cattle, notably Nos. 100, 101 and 154. The large acreages of the especially productive marsh types along this creek make it an important source of primary productivity and detritus, a valuable nursery area for juvenile fishes and crabs and an excellent wildlife habitat as evidenced by the ducks, ospreys, herons, snakes, turtles, muskrat lodges and even a bald eagle that were observed during the inventory. The marshes of the second part of this section, Robinson and Perkins Creeks, show a distinct departure from the pattern of dominant species displayed in the sections upriver. The 47 acres of marsh in this part are dominated by salt marsh cordgrass (22 acres), saltmeadow grasses (5.5 acres) and saltbushes (8 acres). These species are more adaptable to the increasing salinity of the water than the preceding dominants, big cordgrass, cattails and black needlerush. These creeks are also much shorter which does not allow for as much influence by freshwater upland runoff. The physical nature of the marshes is also different with narrow fringe and small pocket marshes predominating over the extensive creek marsh type.

40 The development pressures are also greater in this part with a much higher density of houses along the shoreline. This makes the conservation of the comparatively small amount of wetlands in this system extremely important to the maintenance of habitat and water quality.

41 c),(~ -~-- . <\ SCALE l , 24.000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET ~:~=--~

PART A.

42 Section IIIA Lagrange Creek

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% 18 50 10 2 10 y,10 Slough ponded by low beach Rappahannock 100 1.4 berm. Small tidal influence. II River Cattle grazing area. acre, .25 .70 .14 .03 .14 y, .14

Large salt meadow. Low beach 5 k,- % - 90 - 5 ------dune around perimeter. Pasture 101 Goose Point 11.4 for cattle. Eagle sighted 28 II acre, - 10.26 - .57 - .57 ------k,- April, 1977. Small pocket of freshwater marsh. ·

% 60 20 20 102 Lagrange Creek .40 Small cove marsh. I acre, .24 .08 .08

% 15 40 4 10 30 1 - - Large pocket marsh with a 103 Lagrange Creek 3.6 small tidal pond. Small patch of wild asparagus • XII acre, .54 1.44 .14 .36 1.08 • 04 - -

% 15 35 25 15 5 2 3 - - - 104 Lagrange Creek 2.1 Pocket and spit marsh complex. XII acre, .31 .74 .53 .31 .11 .04 .06 - - -

% 45 32 10 10 - - 3 - - 105 Lagrange Cree, .85 Small cordgrass dominated pocket marsh • XII acre, .38 .27 .09 .09 - - • 02 - -

% 40 30 15 5 5 - 5 - - Two small pocket marshes with 106 Lagrange Cree1 1.1 a pond at the head of one. XII acres .44 .33 .16 .06 .06 - • 06 - - Freshwater drainage •

% 25 35 15 15 10 - - 107 Lagrange Creel 1. 7 Small cove and pocket marsh complex • XII acres .43 .60 .25 • 25 .17 - -

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP. B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WJLD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRAS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRI STYLI S J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 43 Section IIIA Lagrange Creek

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% 25 45 12 15 3 - - - Two adjacent pocket marshes 108 Lagrange Creek 1.88 seperated by a treeline. XII ,>ere, .47 .85 .23 .28 .os - - -

% 15 30 20 - 35 - - - - Saltbush and meadow dominated 109 Lagrange Creek 5.80 creek marsh. XII ,>ere, .87 1. 74 1. H - 2.03 -- --

10 10 2 % 22 36 15 5 --- IMeadow dominated spit and 110 Lagrange Creek 2.14 pocket marsh coraplex • XII acre, .1+7 • 77 .32 .21 .21 .11 • 04 -- -

,0 30 40 30 - - - - - !Meadow dominated spit and 111 Lagrange Creek 1.06 pocket rr~rsh complex. XII acres .32 .42 .32 - - - - -

% 18 30 20 25 5 2 - !Meadow and saltbush dominated 112 Lagrange Creek 2.60 creek marsh • XII acres .47 .78 • 52 .65 .13 - . 05

15 60 25 % - -- - - Small pocket marsh with exten- 113 Lagrange Creek .so sive meadow areas. II acre, .12 .48 .20 --- - -

% 15 25 60 - - - Broad fringe marsh averaging 114 Lagrange Cree~ • 25 15' wide • V acre, .04 .06 .15 - --

% 13 25 25 1 25 10 - 1 115 Lagrange Creel 4.3 Creek marsh. XII acre, .56 1.08 1.08 .04 b..08 .43 - .04

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% 10 20 50 15 5 - - - Small big cordgrass domina~ed 116 Lagrange Creek .80 pocket marsh • V acre, .08 .16 .40 - .12 • 04 - -

% 8 30 12 40 7 - 3 - - - - Small needlerush dominated 117 Lagrange Creek .46 pocket marsh • XII acres .04 .14 .06 .18 .03 - . 01 - - - -

% 5 5 90 - - Small needlerush pocket marsh. III 118 Lagrange Creek .65 acre< .03 .03 ,59 - -

% 10 15 30- - 30 15 - - - -- Large mixed brackish creek marsh and small adjacent pocket Lagrange Creek 9.10 119 marsh. XII acres .91 11.37 2.73 - ~.73 1.37 . - - - -

% 20 20 40 5 8 - - 5 - 2 Large big cordgrass dominated creek marsh with cattails at 120 Lagrange Creek 23.1 head and scattered meadows . XII acre< 4.62 ~.62 9.24 1.15 1.85 - - 1.15 - . 46

% 10 35 35 - 5 8 7 ------Large pocket marsh dominated 121 Lagrange Creel 2.90 by big cordgrass and salt meadow • Black snake and mud XII acres .29 1.02 1.02 - .14 .23 • 20 ------turtle observed on 3 May 1977. % 30 20 50 -- - 122 Lagrange Creel 2.40 Extensive big cordgrass fringe marsh. V acre, • 72 .48 1.20 - - - h,- % 5 5 74 - 10 - 2 1 2 - - 1 - u,- Large big cordgrass creek 123 Lagrange Creel 32.13 h,- marsh grading into tidal fresh- V acre, 1.61 1.61 23.78 - 3.21 - .64 .32 .64 - - .32 - u,- water marsh in the upper reaches.

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' % 10 10 50 2 25 - - 3 --- Small creek marsh dominated by big cordgrass with cattails V 126 Lagrange Creek 3_.46 at head, includes adjoining acres .35 .35 l. 73 .07 .86 - - .10 --- broad fringe.

Large meadow dooinated pocket % 10 40 25 5 20 ------marsh. Horned pondweed growing 127 Lagrange Creek 4.0 XII in creek . acrES .40 1.6 1.0 • 20 .80 ------

% 10 10 70 - 10 - - -- - 128 Lagrange Creel< 1.1 V Big cordgrass pocket marsh . lacres .11 .11 . 77 - • 11 - - - - -

% 25 40 15 5 - 10 3 - - - 2 - 129 Lagrange Creel 1.2 Meadow dominated pocket marsh. XII lacres .30 .48 .18 .06 - .12 .04 - - - .02 -

% 10 52 30 - 2 5 - 1 --- 130 Lagrange Creel 2.2 Large meadow pocket marsh. II acre, .22 1.14 .66 - .04 .11 - .02 - --

% 10 25 15 50 - - - South Branch 131 .65 Saltbush pocket marsh. IV Lagrange Creel ! acre, .07 .16 .10 .32 - - -

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% 10 35 20 5 30 South Branch - - - Small meadow and saltbush 133 Lagrange Creek 2.33 dominated creek marsh • XII acree ,23 .81 .47 • 12 .70 - - -

% 3 35 25 25 10 2 - South Branch - Creek marsh with cattails at 134 4.30 Lagrange Creek head and extensive meadow XII acree .13 .51 1.07 ~.07 .43 .09 - - areas.

% 1 10 65 19 2 2 1 - - South Branch -- - - Extensive marsh bordering 14.6 135 Lagrange Creek creek dominated by big cord- V acres .15 1.46 9,49 2.77 .29 - - .29 ,15 - - - - grass, b,- Extensive big cordgrass marsh % 2 - 74 15 - 5 - 2 1 bordering creek on both sides. South Branch - - - - h,l Grading into freshwater marsh 136 Lagrange Creek 8.10 V b,- towards upper end • acre, .16 - 5.99 - 1.22 - - - .41 - - .16 • 08 h,.08 a· - u,2 Tidal freshwater creek marsh % 5 60 3 - 3 4 8 7 b:s South Branch - - dominated by cattails but 19.4 h - 137 Lagrange Creel< with a very diverse intertidal VI g:i.55 1.36 area . acre, .97 1L6G - .58 - .58 • 78 1.55 - h,- u, .39 % 5 - 75 2 5 - - 5 8 - - Extensive big cordgrass marsh 138 South Branch 11.2 Lagrange Creel< with deep pockets. V acres .56 - 8.40 .22 .56 - - .56 .90 - - Large creek marsh with cattails South Branch % 7 15 60 15 1 2 - - in prong and large meadow 139 Lagrange Creel< 6.6 areas behind a big cordgrass V acres .46 .99 3,96 .99 .07 .13 - - fringe.

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% 5 1 85 1 3 - 5 . South Branch Large big cordgrass creek 5.9 140 Lagrange Creek marsh with cattails at head. V acre, .29 .06 5.02 .06 .18 - .29 -

% 50 10 35 2 1 2 - - - Pocket marsh dominated by 141 South Branch .8 intertidal saltmarsh cordgrass. I Lagrange Creek acre, .40 .08 .28 .02 .01 .02 -- -

% 20 25 25 23 5 2 South Branch - - -- - Large creek marsh with a 4.3 142 Lagrange Creek :nixed dominance of vegetation. XII acres .86 1.07 1.07 .99 .22 - - .09 - - -

% 40 35 1 - 14 5 4 1 -- - - SI!lall creek marsh dominated South Branch 1.8 143 Lagrange Creek by cordgrass and meadow. XII acre; .72 .63 .02 - ,25 .09 - .07 .02 - - -

% 30 25 15 10 10 2 8 - - - 144 Lagrange Creek .8 Discontinuous fringe marsh with small pockets • XII acre .24 .20 .12 .08 .08 .02 • 06 - - -

% 10 55 5 5 25 - - - Hazelwood Meadow dominated spit rr~rsh • 75 II 145 Cove adjacent to a ~~rina. lacres .07 .41 .04 .04 .19 - - -

')', 20 35 45 - - Saltbush dominated pocket Hazelwood 1.3 146 Cove marsh. XII acre, .26 .45 .59 - -

% 20 15 10 18 20 4 1 10 2 Two pronged creek marsh with Hazelwood hibiscus at the head of long 147 5.8 XII Cove prong . acre, 1.16 .87 .58 1.04 1.16 .23 .06 .58 . 12

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RJCE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH l=LEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WJLD t',!LLETS R-ARROWHEADS \1-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LIZARDTAIL !-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRAss· E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WJLD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LILAEOPSIS II-1'/00LGRASS NN-SALTWORT 48 Section IIIA Lagrange Creek

:c Cf) 0:: :::, IJJ Cf) Cf) 0:: I- :::, Cf) Cf) IJJ Cf) :;:: u IJJ IJJ c,: ....l IJJ IJJ en c,: 0 en en UJ Q.. Cf) 0:: :;:: 0:: Cl en 0:: 0:: (J) ....l ::;: IJJ u.. Q.. u :c (/) 0 <.!) w w :c - c,: Cl Cl UJ :c en en 0:: w 0 w C/lO:: I- o::c,: C,:Cf) 0:: z en ....l 0:: :c C!J G <.!) :c 0:: ::;: -:c Cl c,: w :::, I- :c IJJ 0:: I- ....l - IJJ :c u 0:: :c :c 0:: 3: I- I -Ul Cf) 0:: IJJ I- I- Cl I-(/) "'u I- I- I- 0:: ::;:IJJ IJJIJJ u I- IJJ I- en w 0 I- 0:: I- en 0:: it MARSH 0 ...JO:: ...JC,: <.!) w C,:O Cf) Cf) OTHERS OBSERVATIONS ::;: LOCATION C/lU (/)<.!) -

% 55 25 8 5 5 2 Cordgrass pocket marsh and Hazelwood 148 1.3 fringe. Some dredging and I Cove filling has occurred in this acrei • 72 .33 .10 .06 .06 .03 marsh •

2 1 Hazelwood % 25 40 15 - 5 5 7 Meadow dominated creek marsh. XII 149 Cove 6.8 acrei !J..70 2.72 1.02 - .34 .34 .47 .14 .07

32 48 12 4 2 2 - - - - s,- Two small pocket marshes which Hazelwood r. - - - - 150 1.3 are meadow dominated. One has XII Cove some freshwater influence at s,- acrei .42 .62 .15 - .05 .03 - .03 ------head. g,- % 50 15 20 5 1 - 2 4 3 h,- Two small pocket marshes half s - intertidal probably with spring I 151 Lagrange Creek 1.3 fed heads. .05 .04 K:: acre, .65 .20 .26 .06 .01 - .03 s,- % 65 8 18 - - 4 3 - - - - - 1 1 Broad fringing intertidal 152 Lagrange Creek 1.8 marsh and a small pocket marsh • I acres 1.17 .14 .33 .07 .05 .02 • 02

% 50 3 45 - 1 - - - 1 153 Lagrange Cree, .40 Fringe and small pocket marsh. I lacres .20 .01 .18 ------r,8 % 27 40 9 1 - - 1 7 ------s,- Broad fringe and two pocket " 7 154 Lagrange Cree1 1.3 marshes receiving freshwater XII r, .10 drainage. Cattle grazing in lacres .35 .52 .12 .01 .01 .09 - - s,------y,.09 the pockets.

% 10 33 25 30 2 155 Lagrange Creel .40 Small pocket marsh. XII lacres .04 .13 .10 .12 .01

:c U) a:: ::, uJ (/) (/) a:: ~ :::, (/) (f) LL! 3:: u U) (/) (/) LL! LL! <( ....J LL! LL! "'<( 0 UJ (/) U) :,,: (f) LJ..J a:: 3:: a:: Q a:: a:: CL ....J :E u. Cl. u :c (/) 0 (!) LU w :c <( :S - < Q Q L!.l :c Ul a:: UJ 0 a:: w I- c::::< <( (/) a:: z ....J a:: :c G C· (!, :c a:: :E -y Q <( LJ..J :::, I- :c ~ a:: I- ....J -W :t: u :t: I:::: ~= U..J •(/) I- 1-·Q I- CJ) "'u I- I-· 1-··0'.'. ~w WW u I-· LLl I- U) ..u 0 a:: :,,: I- er: LJ..J I- (f) MARSH _J <( <( ....J _J CJ a:: # 0 ....Ja:: ....J< <( ....J I- ...J :;:a:: Zr.t'. I- ....J et:: "'et:: f-· a:: u. 3:: <( I-

% 35 20 25 5 - 10 ·- s y,- Pocket marsh with chicken L30 - 156 Lagrange Creek ~...... , .... manure being dumped into XII - head • acres .46 .26 .33 .06 - .13 . - • 06 y,- - 28 10 2 % 15 30 15 Two spit marshes with cove xn 157 Cedar Point h.6 ir,arsh in between.e, --acre, .24 .48 .24 .48 .16 .03 - Reedgrass growing on beach % - 40 .. 5 5 - - r.,50 berm with a meadow dominated 158 Lagrange Creek 2.07 marsh on tidal pond behind VIII berm. acres - .83 - .10 .10 - - n, 1.04

'Yo 71 25 .. 1 1 1 - - n,l Dredged channel through 159 Lagrange Creek 8.0 e:nbayed cordgrass marsh. !. Several small ponds in marsh. acres 5.68 2.00 - .08 .08 .08 - - n, .08 b,l u,- Total % 13 20 35 l 8 13 1 - l l - 1 - - - - 1 ]_ - .. 1 - h,- y' ~. Section 257 n,- Trace a,g,j,k,p,r,s,aa,ff IIIA b,2.27 u, 1.22 acres 33.7E SJ..2 90.24 3 .24 20.8 33.09 l.li< 1.2' 3.78 .47 e35 - .11 .61 .61 1.56 2.82 .26 - 2.45 - y, .23 - ~'i~t2

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-·MARSH PE.NNYWORT P-MOCK BI SHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V··BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-·REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOL.DENROD c-ROYAL FERN H··TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS l~-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG··BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L I-RUSHES N··REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O··WJLD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT so Cl SECTION Ill. LAGRANGE CREEK TO PERKINS CREEK \ '\. ...__., ,,,.. PART B. ROBINSON CREEK AND PERKINS CREEK l-/ LONG PT. eJI'

·+·• SCALE I : 24,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET· b.z d b i..zsJ

51 Section lllB Robinson Creek and Perkins Creek

:c (/) c::: ::, w (/) (/) c::: I- ::, (/) (/) w (/) 3: u w - C::<( <( en c::: z en _J c::::c 0 0 <.9 :c c::: :a: -:c Q <( w ::, I- :c w C::: 1- I- _J ::, <( <( en <(C::: WW 0 <( en Zen en :c 3: C:'. enen 3: :c <( :Et!) :;:en u CA <(- :;:::, ow >-W :c u c::: :E :c :c c::: 3:: I- w I::, _J :a:w -(/) I- 1-Q I- en "'u I- I- I- c::: :a:w WW u I- w I- en en w 0 c::: I- c::: w I- en C:'. il MARSH 0 _Jc::: _J <( <.9 <( _J I- _J _J :a:c::: ZC:'. <( I- _J c::: c::: I- c::: <( "' LL ..J 3: ..JO _J <( <(::, <( <( <( <( <( <( I- <(0

% 17 13 60 10 - Small embayed marsh and small 161 Robinson Creek .53 needlerush dominated pocket Ill acres .09 .07 .32 .05 - marsh.

% 70 10 10 10 162 Robinson Creek .26 Small cordgrass dominated pocket marsh • V acres .18 • 03 .03 .03

% 53 8 32 5 2 - - 163 Robinson Creek .66 Cordgrass dominated discontinuous fringe marsh averaging I acres .35 .05 .21 .03 .01 ( - - 7 1 wide.

% 85 10 5 Small pocket marsh mostly 164 Robinson Creek .29 intertidal. I acres .25 .03 .01

% 55 10 25 10 - - Narrow fringe marsh averaging 165 Robinson Creek .28 4' wide with three small pocket I acres .15 .03 .07 .03 - - marsheso

% 68 10 - 20 2 Cordgrass pocket marsh with a Robinson Cree, 1.14 166 large stand of cattails at I acres .78 .11 - .23 • 02 head •

% 5 5 70 20 - Needlerush pocket marsh with 167 Robinson Cree, .45 a large stand of saltbushes. Ill acraa .02 .02 .32 .09 -

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED ·utRICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD c-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L I-RUSHES , N-REEDGRASS s-swAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS i E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 52 Section IIIB Robinson Creek and Perkins Creek

I (/) c:: :=, UJ (/) (/) c:: I- :=, (/) (/) UJ (/) 3: u (/) (/) (/) UJ UJ <1'. -' UJ UJ <1'. 0 UJ (/) c:: c:: (/) a.. :;: (/) UJ LL c:: 3: c:: Q -' :;: a.. u I(f) 0 - <1'. (/)(/) Q Q UJ I (/) c:: UJ <1'. 0 c:: UJ I- Cc:<( <((/) c:: z (/) -' c::::c Ci G -W ::c u ::c c:: -' (/) I- I- Q I-(/) "'u I- I- I- c:: :;: UJ WUJ u I- w I- (/) (/) w 0 c:: I- c:: UJ I-(/) c:: MARSH o::c -'::C c:: -:;,: <1'. <1'. <1'. <1'. <1'. c:: :;: -a.. o=> UJ <1'.0 OTHERS OBSERVATIONS :;: LOCATION (f)U (/)

% 90 10 - Small intertidal pocket marsh. I 168 Robinson Creek .50 acres .45 .05 -

% 57 10 10 10 1 8 3 1 Creek marsh dominated by cord- Robinson Creek 4.44 grass with large areas of salt- 169 bushes and cattails • I acres 2.53 .44 .44 .44 .05 .36 ,13 • 05

d,40 % 40 10 - - - Small creek marsh above Route h 10 Drains through culvert 170 Robinson Creek .60 676. XI d, .24 under road. Only a small area acres . 24 .06 - - - h,<)06 near creek bed is tidal •

20 10 10 15 % 32 8 5 - - - - Large two pronged mixed 171 Robinson Creek 7.7 brackish creek marsh. XII acre, 2 .46 .61 1.54 .39 .77 .77 1.16 - - - '· -

% 88 - - 10 2 - - - Small pocket marsh at head of 172 Robinson Cree~ .30 cove dominated by cordgrass and I acres .26 - - .03 . 01 - - - orach •

% 90 5 5 Small pocket marsh at head of creek. Two mud1, turtles and 173 Robinson Creel .28 one northern water snake I lacres .26 .01 .01 observed.

% 70 10 5 15 - Small intertidal pocket marsh. I 174 Robinson Creel .42 acre, .29 .04 .02 .06 - ' '7o 18 6 55 - 9 12 1,- Saltbush dominated creek marsh. IV 175 Robinson Creel 5.10 acre, .92 .31 2.80 - .46 ,61 1,.-

::c (/) 0:: ::, LJ.J (/) (/) 0:: I- ::, (/) (/) LJ.J (/) 3: u w < _J LJ.J LJ.J (/) < 0 (/) (/) LJ.J U.L. _,,. (/) (/) 0.. _J ::;: 0:: 0:: Cl 0:: CY.: en w u. 0.. u ::ccr. 0 - < Cl Cl LJ.J I < 0 en w =-VlO:: I- O::< < en 0:: z (/) _J CY-I C, c; -W ::c u 0:: ::;: ::c I 0:: 3: I- LJ.J I ::, _J :E:!J.J ::c < < (/) f--- I- Cl I-(/) "'u f--- I- I- 0:: :£W WW u I-'- LJ.J I- (/) (/) w 0 0:: I- 0:: w I- Cl) MARSH _J 0::

% 20 40 20 20 Meadow dominated pocket marsh 177 Robinson Creek •44 on a point • XII lacres .09 .17 .09 .09

% 65 6 - 10 3 5 10 1 178 Robinson Creek 2.20 Small creek marsh mostly intertidal. I acres 1.43 .13 - .22 .07 .11 .22 .02

7. 40 25 30 5 - Narrow discontinuous fringe 179 Robinson Creek .36 averaging 6' wide and several XII acres .14 .09 .11 • 02 - very small pocket marshes •

% 83 12 5 - - - - - e,- 180 Robinson Creek .25 Continuous fringe marsh averaging 6' wide. I acres .21 .03 .01 - - - - - e,-

% 25 25 20 30 Small creek marsh with cattails 181 Robinson Creek 1.14 at heaa • XII acre: .29 .29 .22 • 34

7, 25 25 30 15 5 Broad fringe of marsh around Robinson Cree1 .34 182 a point • XII lacres .09 .09 .10 .05 • 02

20 2 30 5 3 % 40 - Two adjoining pocket marshes 183 Robinson Creel 1.3 with an island cf high ground XII lacres .52 .26 .02 .39 .07 • 04 - in between .

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L.-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF·SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WIL.D MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LJ ZARDTAI L I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTt"ARSH FIMBRISTYL.IS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOL.GRASS NN-SALTWORT 54 Section IIIB Robinson Creek and Perkins Creek

::c (/) c:: ::, LU (/) (/) a:: f- ::, (/) (/) LU (/) 3: u (/) (/) (/) LU LU <( -' LU LU <( 0 LU a:: 3: c:: Q (/) c:: c:: (/) a.. -' :;: (/) LU u.. a.. u :CCI) 0 t'J LU LU ::c <( <( <( :;: ::c -' -111 ""u ::, Q ::c :;: Q ::c- >- <( (/)(/) Q Q LU ::c (/) (/) ::, ::, CY'. LU (/) <( 0 c:: LU (/) LU LU (/)Q'. (/) :;: Q <( ::, f- ""<( <( (/) a:: z -' o::::c CJ c:; t'J ::c CY'. -::c LU f- ::c LU c:: f- -' <("' LULU 0 :::, <( (/) ZCI) (/) ::c <( 3: 0:: (/)(/) 3: <( (/) <( :;:t'J :;: U) <( :;::::, 0 LU >-LU CY'. :;: f- LU I :::, :;:: LU ::c u P'.l - ::c u ::c ::c 3: -' (/) f- f-Q f- (/) ""u f- f- f- CY'. :;: LU LU LU u f- LU f- (/) (/) "'LU 0 CY'. f-"' LU f- (/) c:: if MARSH 0 <( f- :;:o:: zo:: <( f- 0:: CY'. f- CY'. <( 3: -' 0 -'"' -' <( t'J -' -'-' -' "" u..-' <( f- <(0 <>:a:: -' <( <( <(:::, o::c -' :r: c:: -3: <( <( <( <( < c:: :;: -a.. o:::, LU C:::O :;: (/) OTHERS OBSERVATIONS LOCATION C/lU (/)t'J -P'.l 111 (/) u U) P'.l u f- 0 f- 0 (/) 3: (/) :;: :;: 3: <( (/) (/)c:Q -, (/)-'

% 30 20 30 - 20 - Small cove marsh with a pocket 184 Robinson Creek .44 and an 8' fringe marsh • XII acres .13 .09 .13 - • 09 -

% 57 12 12 5 - 10 4 -- - a,- lobed creek marsh with 185 Robinson Creek 3.3 Three large intertidal areas. I acres 1.88 .40 .40 .16 - .33 .13 - - - a,-

% 30 25 35 5 5 186 Robinson Creek .48 !Mixed brackish spit marsh. XII acre, .14 .12 .17 .02 0.2

% 45 20 35 Broad fringing marsh which 187 Robinson Creek .46 includes a relict spit marsh. XII acre, .21 .09 .16

% 60 10 3 20 5 1 l ------Discontinuous fringe marsh 188 Perkins Creek .57 average 12' wide including I lacres .34 .06 .02 .11 .03 - • 01 - .01 -- - - - a spit marsh at mouth of creek •

% 93 2 4 - 1 -- Spit and point marsh combine- 189 Perkins Creek .70 tion dominated by cordgrass. I lacres .65 .01 .03 - .01 - -

% 74 6 - - 9 - 7 3 -- l 190 Perkins Cree1 .30 Small pocket marsh with cattails and hibiscus at the head. I lacres .22 .02 - - .03 - .02 .01 -- -

% 62 10 - - 10 - 8 - 9 - - 1 - Creek marsh and adjoining 191 Perkins Creel 3.8 pocket marsh, High density I lacres 2.36 .38 - - .38 - .30 - .34 - - .04 - of orach and water hemp. Cat- tails and hibiscus at head.

58 23 1 8 8 2 w,- Extensive delta type marsh at % - -- mouth of creek and a very broad 193 Perkins Creek 3.6 fringe along river on the other I acrei 2.09 .83 .03 .29 .29 - .07 - - w,- side of a ridge running through marsh.

% 60 10 30 - - !Marsh developing on the updrift Rappahannock accumulation of sand from jetty 194 River .87 I acre: .52 .09 .26 .. - at the mouth of Urbanna Creek. .. d,l Total % 47 12 - 5 17 5 2 - 5 - 6 ------h,- Section IIIB 146 .74 Trace a,e,l,w d,.24 acres 21.75 5.53 .02 2.57 17. 79 2.37 .92 .OL 2.55 .09 2.62 - .02 ,10 .06 - - - .01 h,.06 b, 1 r~' - % 18 19 30 2 9 12 1 - - 2 - 2 -- - . l l - - l - d,- u,- h,- y,- Total Trace a,e,g,j,k,1,p,r,s,w,aa, Section III 304 fL acres 55.5 156.74 90.26 5.81 28.6 35.41 2.4 o.J. 1.29 6.33 .56 6.12 .13 . 71 .67 1.56 2.82 .26 2.45 .01 ~::1F - - h, .38 ~:l:H " .23

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD c-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS l~·SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE ! CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BllTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBR!STYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WJLD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS ! I-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 56 Section IV Urbanna Creek to Whiting Creek This section is divided into three parts: Urbanna Creek (50.5 acres), Rappahannock River shoreline (21. 3 acres) and Whiting Creek (57. 2 acres) for a total of approximately 129 acres of marsh. The marshes are primarily small pocket marshes, narrow fringe marshes and small creek marshes with Types I (Saltmarsh Cordgrass), III (Black Needlerush) and XII (Mixed Brackish) dominating. The Urbanna Creek section has a relatively highly developed shoreline with the Town of Urbanna on its banks. The shoreline relief is high with low to moderately high bluffs. This limits the area available for marsh development within this watershed to very small marshes except at the upper ends of its two main branches. Marsh No. 202 is very interesting in its·· diversity of wild life and habitats. The lower reaches are dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass which grades into cattails and finally into a swamp. Horned pondweed was observed growing in the creek. Five great blue herons, a water snake and recent beaver cuttings were also observed in this marsh. Also of interest on this creek is an outcrop of fossil shell found near Marsh No. 214. The marshes along the Rappahannock River shoreline are characterized by relict creek and extensive marshes which have been affected by erosion and sand transport along the shore creating a berm or low dune around the perimeter or across the mouth of each one. This effectively limits the tidal inundation of these marshes to spring and storm tides. Marsh No. 223 is notable for its large stands of yellow flag, Iris pseudacorus, which was not observed elsewhere in the county. The water beingcfischarged from Marsh No. 224 was a dark gray almost black with a visible suspended solids load. Whiting Creek has a well developed delta-like marsh at its mouth dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass and saltmeadow grasses. The numerous islands and channels through this marsh are reminiscent of the extensive marshes of the Eastern Shore barrier islands. The two marshes at the upper end of the creek Nos. 239 and 241 display a gradation to freshwater specie~ and have horned pondweed growing in the creek. During the inventory in May, 1977 seven or eight different northern water snakes, Nerodia sipedon, were observed swimming across the creek. This was more than was observed at any other location.

57 I 8 S(AL!: l : 24 000 8 / 1003 2000 F~ET SECTION- fV. URBANNA CREEK TO WH~TING CREEK c- L PART A_ URBANNA CREEK

58 Section IVA Urbanna Creek

:c (/) ::, UJ"' (/) (/) f- ::, if) (f) "'UJ (/) :;,: u LU c:( ..J LU LU (/) c:( 0 if) (f) LU UJ 0:: q (/) er (f) a.. ..J ::;: (f) LU LL 3 ::, a. "'u :c (f) 0 (.'J LU LU :c - c:( (f)(f) q q LU :c (f) (/) LU c:( 0 LU mer f- c:: <( c:((f) ,z: (f) ..J "':c 0 Gi "'(.'J :c a:: ::;: -:c q "'c:( LU ::, f- :c LU a:: f- ..J c:(0:: LU W "'0 ::, c:((/) zrn (f) :c c:( 3: a:: (f)(/) 3: c:((f) c:( ::;:::, ::;: f- w I ::, ..J ::i: LU :c c:( ::i:l'J ::;:rn u ,:Q - ow >- LU :c u a:: :c :c a:: 3: .(/) f- f-<=l f-- (f) u f- f- f- a:: :;;:w LU LU u f- LU f- (f) (f) LU 0 a:: f- 0:: LU f- (/) "" c:( c:( LL ..J ..JO 0:: 1t MARSH 0 _J a:: ..Jc:( (.'J c:( ..J f- ..J..J :;;:a:: zo:: f- ..J a:: a:: f- 0:: "" 3: c:( f- c:(0 c:(0:: ..J c:( c:( c,:::, 0 :c ..J :c a:: -3: c:( c:( c:( c:( < a:: :;;: -D.. o::> LU c:(0 OTHERS OBSERVATIONS :;;: LOCATION C/lU (f)(.'J -

% 68 18 5 2 - 7 kk,- Discontinuous fringe averaging - 4' around cove with 2 small 195 Urbanna Creek 1.4 pockets and part of spit. Cove I acres .95 .25 - .07 .03 - .1 kk,- connected to creek under road.

% 75 9 - 15 l Discontinuous fringe 8' wide around cove with a small pocket 196 Urbanna Creek .30 I marsh • acres .23 .03 • 04 -

% 15 10 55 20 Needlerush dominated spit marsh 197 Urbanna Creek .20 and narrow fringe marsh. III acre, .03 .02 .11 .04

% 85 5 5 - 5 Cove marsh, discontinuous fring, 198 Urbanna Creek .25 averaging 8' wide • I acre, .22 .01 .01 - • 01

% 75 5 15 5 Pocket marsh with cattails and 199 Urbanna Creek .50 hibiscus at the head. I acre, .38 .02 .08 .02

% 30 l 1 55 5 8 - Needlerush dominated discontin- 200 Urbanna Cree• .41 uous fringe averaging 4' wide. III acre: .12 -- .23 .02 .03 -

% 35 10 - - 25 15 - 15 - - - Small creek marsh with cattails 201 Urbanna Cree, 1.8 at head and a very diverse XII intertidal zone • heres .63 .18 - - .45 . 27 - .27 - - - l}.,- Cordgrass dominated creek marsh % 65 - 20 5 5 5 J ,- - - - - ee,- cattails at head grading to a 202 Urbanna Cree, 11.9 maple swamp. Horned pondweed i1 I ~cres 7.73 2.38 .60 .60 .60 - - ~:: creek. Beaver cuttings, water - - - ee.- snake and 5 blue herons obser"3l.

I (j) (l:'. :::, w (j) (j) (l:'. I- :::, (j) (j) w (j) :,: u w - <( (j)C/) 0 0 ""lw I Cf) Cf) :::, :::, (l:'. UJ (j) <( 0 (l:'. UJ (j) UJ w (j)(l:'. I- c:: <( <( (j) (l:'. z (j) ...J !l:'.I 0 G tc ::r: (l:'. :E -I 0 <( w :::, I- :c U.J 0:: 1- ...J ow >-W :r: :E ::r: ::r: I- (j) I- 1-0 I-(/) ""u I- I- f--(l:'. :E w WW u I- UJ I- (j) (/'J w 0 (l:'. I- (l:'. w I-(/) er: 1f MARSH 0 ..JC,:: ..J <( (!) <( ..J I- ..J..J :;:a:: ;;::(l:'. <( I- ...J (l:'. (l:'. I- (l:'. <( "" LL ..J :;;; ..JO <( I- <( 0

30 10 20 % 30 10 - - - Diverse creek marsh with a larg, Urbanna Creek 4.72 XII 203 intertidal area and cattails at acres 1.42 .47 1.42 .47 .94 - - - head.

% 30 10 45 10 5 Broad needlerush dominated 204 Urbanna Creek 1.07 fringing marsh .. XII acres .32 .11 .48 .11 •os

% 65 - 10 25 - - - - Cordgrass dominated creek marsh 205 Urbanna Creek 5.3 ith large stands of bulrush I acres 3.44 - .53 1.33 --- - and cattails at head.

% 50 10 .. 9 30 1 -- - Creek w~rsh and narrow fringe dominated by cordgrass and 206 Urbanna Creek 2.4 I bulrush, acres 1.2 .24 - .22 '72 .02 - - -·

% 70 15 15 - - - Predominately intertidal pocket marsh with cattails I 207 Urbanna Creek .45 at head • acres .31 .07 . 07 - - -

% 70 25 5 .. - - Small pocket marsh dominated 208 Urbanna Creek .26 by cordgrass and cattails, I ac1'8l .18 - .07 .01 - -

% 30 30 30 10 - 209 Urbanna Creek .63 Small pocket marsh. XII acres .10 .10 .19 .06 -

Large bifurcate creek marsh. % 40 10 25 12 11 2 ------Fresh water species at heads. 210 Urbanna Creek 9.8 Horned pondweed in creeks • XII 13cres 3.92 .98 - - 2.45 1.17 1.08 - .. - • 20 - - -

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHU FA JJ-BOG HEMP B- PI CKERELWEED G-·WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-·SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LIZARDTAIL I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP /'.ILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYL!S J-·SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 60 Section IVA Urbanna Creek

:,: en 0::: ::, UJ en en 0::: I- ::, en en UJ en 3: u UJ UJ - :,: 0::: ::;:: -:,: Cl :;::en u - UJ u 0::: ::;:: 0::: 3: I- I .er, ::;:: UJ UJ UJ UJ UJ 0::: "'"'F- 0:: UJ I- I- I- Cl I- en ""u I- I- I- 0::: u I- I- en en 0 en 0::: ll MARSH 0 ..JO:: ...J

% 30 5 60 3 2 Needlerush dominated spit and 212 Urbanna Creek .46 fringe marsh combination • III acre: .14 .02 .28 .01 • 01

% 30 30 3 30 5 2 213 Urbanna Creek .30 Small pocket marsh with cattails at head • XII acres .09 .09 .01 .09 • 02 .01

% 35 - 35 - 30 - - - Spring fed pocket marsh with 214 Urbanna Creek .65 hibiscus at head. Fossil XII acre .23 - .23 - • 20 - - - outcrop nearby •

% 65 5 25 2 3 Small cordgrass dominated 215 Urbanna Creek .26 pocket marsh • I acre, .17 .01 .06 .01 • 01

1, % 5 15 80 - Needlerush dominated spit 216 Urbanna Cree1 • 40 marsh and adjacent fringe • III acre; .02 .06 .32 -

30 20 30 15 5 % - - - - Large pocket marsh with 217 Urbanna Cree1 1.60 associated spit marsh • XII lacres .48 .32 - .48 - • 24 .08 - -

% 40 25 5 25 5 - Pocket and spit marsh complex. 218 Urbanna Creel 1.7 Dam above large pocket marsh. XII lacres .68 .43 .08 .43 .08 -

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHU FA JJ-BOG HEMP B-PICKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L·MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED x-wAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRAS!· E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O·WILD RICE T-B EGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-.SAL TWORT 61 Section IVA Urbanna Creek

:r: 0:: ~ w (/) V: 0:: I- ::, (/) V: (/) 3: u LJ.J <( ~ LJ.J LJ.J (/) <( 0 (/) (/) LJ.J - (/) _J U) LL w 0:: 3: 0:: 0 V: 0:: c:: a.. ::E: LJ.J 0... u I- (/) ::, I- c:: <( <("' 0:: z _J c:::r: CJ c, - LJ.J :r u. c:: :;:: :r: :r: 0:: ? I- w I :;::w .(/) ~ LIJ LJ..iU.., LJ.J (/) (/) LJ.J 0:: I- 0:: w I- (I) I- I- c::: I- V: ""u I- I- I- 0:: u I- I- 0 0:: MARSH _J 0:: _J <( <( _J _J _J :;::o:: 0::: <( _J 0:: 0:: 0:: LL _J :;:: _JQ ii 0 I- z: I- I- < "" <( I- <(C <( 0:: "' _J <( <( <(::, OI ...JI 0:: -3: <(

7o 5 20 50 25 Broad fringing marsh dominated by needlerush averaging 15' 220 Urbanna Creek .30 wide • III acres • 02 .06 .15 .07

7o 30 1.5 45 10 Relict spit marsh isolated from normal tides by sand 221 XII Bailey Point 1.2 movements • American beachgrass acre, .36 .18 .45 • 12 on beach.

48 8 l 6 l 17 10 6 l 1 .. Total % ------Section IVA 50.5 Trace h,j,ee,kk acres 24.l'l 4.06 .59 2.83 .65 8.59 5.07 - - 2.89 .28 .63 - .2 .22 --- - -

(

·+·• SCALE 1 , 24,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET ~ b~

227 -0- R 228 e i\;r\ I SECTION IV. URBANNA CREEK TO WHITING CREEK PART 8. RAPPAHANNOCK RIVER

63 (

Section IVB, Rappahannock River - Urbanna Creek to Whiting Creek

I (/) n:: :::, LJ.J (/) (/) n:: I- :::, (/) (/) LJ.J (/) 3: u (/) (/) (/) LJ.J LJ.J - - U.J I u z I 3: :e::w (/) I- 1-Q I-(/) ""u I- I- I- 0:: :e::w UJ LJ.J u I- LJ.J I- (/) (/) LJ.J 0 0:: I- 0:: LJ.J I-(/) n:: i; MARSH 0 ....JO:: ....l

% 50 35 1 10 3 1 - Rappahannock Extensive marsh with a small 222 River 9.44 pothole drained by a tidal I acres 4. 72 3.30 .09 .94 ,28 .09 - creek, Osprey nest. z,5 % 90 5 - - Restricted drainage area Rappahannock y,- probably inundated by tidal 223 River 1.50 z, .08 water only during storms, VI acre, 1.34 .08 - - y,-

Creek 35 7 50 1 3 Creek and pocket marsh. % 4 receives drainage from lagoon Rappahannock VI 224 River 2.47 from adjacent duck ferm. acres .10 .86 .17 1.24 .02 .07

% 2 8 5 15 35 35 - - Creek marsh, Vegetation Rappahannock strongly influenced by fresh- 225 River .60 XII acres .01 .OS .03 ,09 ,21 .21 - - water runoff,

% 8 65 - - 12 8 1 5 High marsh behind beach with Rappahannock road bisecting it, Inundated 226 River 3.10 by storm tides only. II acres .25 ~.04 - - .37 .25 .03 .16

% 15 40 35 - 10 - Marsh on a barrier bar across Rappahannock mouth of creek, Creek cuts 227 1.8 XII River through bar • acres .27 • 72 .63 - • 18 - ~,9 mm,- Cattail dominated bifuicate 55 10 25 - % 1 - - - - - creek marsh at head of creek. Rappahannock B:: 228 2.4 being invaded by shrubs, VI River ~ •• 22 mm, acres .02 1.32 - .24 .60 -- - JJ,- - - 11 - 1,1 2 Total % 25 33 - - 10 21 1 1 - - 1 5 - - - z,- Trace y,jj,11,mm Section IVB 21.3 1, ,22 acres 5.37 6.97 .09 - 2.14 4.52 ,12 .18 .02 - .24 .97 .36 - - - z, .oe

SCALE I , 24,000

1000 0 1000 2000 FEET h I b s.z:,.;J

65 Section IVC Whiting Creek " :r: Cf) 0:: ::, LLJ Cf) Cf) 0:: I- ::, Cf) Cf) LLJ Cf) 3: u Cf) Cf) LLJ UJ <( ...J LLJ LLJ <( 0 Cf) IJ.I Q Cf) Cf) Cf) LLJ u.. 0:: 3: 0:: 0:: 0:: 0.. ...J :E: 0.. u :J.:Cf) 0 - <( LLJ :r: 0:: <( 0 I- 0:: <( <( (/) 0:: z Cf) ...J o:::r: C Gi - UJ I u :E: :r: :r: 3: Cf) Cf) UJ UJ (/) Cf) 0 0:: I- 0:: LLJ I- Cf) I- 1-Q I- u"' I- I- I- 0:: :E: UJ u I- UJ I- UJ 0:: MARSH <(

% 45 20 2 25 n,8 Pocket marsh dominated by reed- 229 Whiting Creek .43 rass and adjacent 10' wide XII fringe marsh .. acres .19 .09 .01 .11 n, .03

% 60 5 25 10 Pocket marsh dominated by intertidal cordgrass and large 230 Whiting Creek .73 I acres .44 .04 .18 .07 stand of cattails at head,

% 50 10 5 25 10 Small creek marsh dominated by - intertidal cordgrass with a Whiting Creek 1.5 I 231 large stand of cattails at acres .75 .15 - .07 .38 .15 head.

% 50 13 10 15 2 10 Broad fringing marsh averaging 232 Whiting Creek .29 15' wide. I acre, .15 .04 .03 .04 - .03

% 60 10 l 25 3 1 - - - - - Creek marsh with freshwater 233 Whiting Creek 13.52 species at head • I acre, 2 .11 .35 .03 .88 .11 . 04 - - - - -

% 60 25 1 10 2 1 - - - - - 1 - 1 Cove marsh with several pockets 234 Whiting Creek 1. 7 hich receive fresh water I acres 1.02 .43 .01 .17 .03 .01 - - - - - .01 - • 01 drainage •

% 50 15 30 - 3 2 - - - - - Cordgrass dominated pocket 235 Whiting Creek 1.6 marsh and adjacent 3' fringe I marsh • acre .80 ,24 .48 - .05 . 03 - - - - -

% 35 13 - 1 1 12 15 20 1 1 - 1 - - Creek marsh with large areas 236 Whiting Creek 4.05 of intertidal orach and XII acres 1.42 .52 - .04 .04 .49 .61 .81 .04 .04 - • 04 1 1 bulrush •

::r: (/) 0:: ::, UJ (/) (/) 0:: I- ::, (/) (/) UJ (/) 3'. u UJ - (/) ::, ::, (/) UJ (/) UJ (/)0:: -UJ ::r: u c:: :r: ::r: a:: 3'. I- :a: .(./) :;: UJ (/) (/) UJ 0:: I- 0:: UJ I-(/) I- 1-Q I-(/) "'u I- I- I- 0:: UJ UJ u I- UJ I- 0 0:: MARSH (.!J ....J....J :.::o:: zo:: I- ....J 0:: 0:: I- 0:: :l --, (/)_j OTHERS OBSERVATIONS LOCATION Cl)U (/)(.!J -"'1 "'1 u U) "'1 u I- 01- 0 3:

% 40 15 30 - - 15 - Broad fringing point marsh. XII 237 Whiting Creek .7 acre, .28 .10 .21 - - .11 -

% 80 10 - - 8 2 - - Two small pocket marshes and 238 Whiting Creek .75 adjacent narrow fringe marsh. I acres .60 .08 - - .06 .01 - -

~arge creek marsh with numerous % 40 34 5 13 5 - 1 1 1 - - - h,------freshwater species at head. 239 Whiting Creek 8.63 Morned pondweed in creek. XII acre, 3.45 2.93 - - .43 1.12 - .43 - - - .09 - .09 .09 - - - h,-

% 33 28 10 15 12 1 1 - - - - n,- !Three small adjacent pocket 240 Whiting Creek .95 !marshes • XII acre, .31 .27 .10 .14 .11 .10 . 10 - - - - n,-

% 25 35 1 5 15 18 - - 1 Creek marsh with extensive - - meadow areas and large stands 241 Whiting Creek 6.65 of intertidal orach and bulrush XII acre, 1.66 2.33 .07 - .33 1.0 .19 - - - • 07 ~orned pondweed in creek •

% 14 30 5 40 5 5 1 - - - - Small creek marsh dominated by saltbushes and meadow grasses. 242 Whiting Creek 1.25 XII acres .18 .38 .06 .50 .06 .06 .01 - - - -

% 40 20 30 - 9 1 - - - Pocket marsh dominated by 243 Whiting Creel< .48 cordgrass and needlerush • XII acre: .19 .10 .14 - • 04 - - - -

% 20 30 20 - 5 17 8 - - - - - Large pocket marsh dominated by 244 Whiting Creel< 1.6 meadow and needlerush. XII acres .32 .48 .32 - .08 .27 .13 - - - - -

::r: (/) 0:: ::, UJ (/) (/) 0:: I :::, (/) (/) w (/) 3: u w <( _J w w (/) <( 0 (/) (/) UJ w __ (/) (/) _J :;: (/) 0:: 0:: Cl 0:: CY Cl.. :.: UJ u.. 0.. u '-" w w I <( <( :;: :r: _J -Oil u ::, Cl ::r: :;: a :r: <( Cl w :r: (/) (/) ::, ~ 0:: w (/) <( 0 0:: UJ (/) UJ UJ (/)0:: 0:: z (/) _J 0::I C!J 0 '-" 0:: :;: -::r: Cl <( UJ :::, I- :r: UJ c:: I ~ _J 0 :::, <( (/) z (/) (/) = <( 3: 0:: (/)(/) <( (/) <( <( ::c u cQ ~::, OLW >- LLl :r: u 0:: :;: ::r: 0:: 3: l w I:::, :5 :.::w .Cl) l 1- I I- 0:: :;: w WUJ u I- UJ 1- (/) UJ 0 o:: :.: I- 0:: UJ I-(/) MARSH _J ...J :;: 0:: <( _J u... _J c:: o '-" ...J I zo:: I 0:: I 0:: 3C ..JO <( I- <( <( <(::, 0 :r: _J ::r: 0:: <( <( <( <( 0:: ~ Cl.. o:::, UJ <:Q UI- 01- 0 3: (/) :;: 3: <( (/) (/) "'oQ -, (/) _J OTHERS OBSERVATIONS

% 25 10 62 1 1 1 ~ocket marsh and broad fringe 245 Whiting Creek 1.03 1---1---1---+---il--+--+---l---+--ll--+--+---+----+--t--+--+--l---t--lt--+--+--+---+----,ild~ocinated by needlerush. III lacres .26 .10 .64 .01 .01 .01

'Jo 10 90 246 Whiting Creek .54 1---1---i---+---

% 30 4 65 - - 1 247 Whiting Creek .50 1---1---i---+---

% 28 33 27 5 7 248 Whiting Creek .60 1---1---1---+---il--+--+---l----+---il--+--+---+---+--+--+--+--+--l--+--+--+--+---+,-----r.lsmall pocket marsh and adjoin ing broad fringe • XII !acre, .17 .20 .16 • 03 .04

% 70 20 --- 10 249 Whiting Creek .44 1---1---i---+---<1---1--+---i---+---.1---1--+---+--+---1---1---1---+--11--+--+---1---+---+1---~Small pocket marsh dominated by cordgrass • I acres .31 .09 . 04

% 45 30 _ 15 _ _ 5 _ _ ~;: !Extensive marsh at mouth o f 1--+---1----+--1--+---1---+--11--+---l--+--+---il--+--+---+---+--t--+--+---+---+--t--,,----lcreek including numerous 1arge 250 Whiting Creek 18 n,9 and small deltaic islands and XII acres 8.1 5.4 2.7 .9 w,- spit marsh. i s,- % - - 35 - 55 j;: x,5 Creek marsh with drainage to 251 Rappahannock 1.18 L---1---1----1--1--+---1---+--11--+---1---i---+---ii--+--+---+--+--1---1---1---+---+--i..:I~:i..,.;;-;_._-1tr:iveri,- s,- Small restrictedcreek connecting by low todune. river XI River acres _ - .41 - .65 j,.06 Primarily freshwater species. q,- x,.06 ~:i x,- % 41 20 1 7 3 12 8 4 1 1 1 z - Total 129 1---1---i---+---.1---1---1---+--+---11--+--+---+---+--+---1---l---+--ll--+--+--+--+--llo.;;.a,'-•....- ---+Trace h, i, j ,w ,y, z, ee ,jj, kk, 11, Section IV 1 22 acres 52.66 t!5.37 .68 8.62 3.89 16.05 9.93 .03 .01 5.8 • 44 .67 .24 .4 1.61 .45 .01 .09 .65 n, .93 XQ6 mm • z, .08 ·

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL -HEMPWEED _.._!\ D-LIZARDTAIL I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS· E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 68 Section V Meachim Creek to Woods Creek This section is divided into two parts, Part A extends from Meachim to Mill Creek (180 acres) and Part B extends from Duck Pond to Woods Creek (SO acres) for a total of approximately 230 acres. The shoreline of Meachim, Locklies and Mill Creeks is fairly well developed with numerous year around residences and summer homes. There are also several marinas and a large campground. The marshes are again predominately small pocket marshes and narrow fringe marshes except at the extreme upper ends of the creeks. Marsh vegetation is dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass, saltmeadow grasses, black needlerush and saltbushes. With the heavy development pressure in this area the conservation of these wetlands is important to the maintenance of the ecological integrity of this area. The most dominant feature of the wetlands in this area are the marshes along the river shore from Greys Point to Parrott Island including Nos. 277, 282, 296, 298 and 299. These extensive marshes have developed in the depressions between a series of relict beach ridges formed during an earlier period of a higher sea level. The shoal areas adjacent to Greys Point and the Parrott Islands support a sparse population of the submerged aquatic plants widgeongrass, Rtippia maritima and eelgrass, Zostera marina. Another interesting marsh is No. 297 which has developed on the spoil banks from dredging a channel through the shoal area west of Parrott Island. The spoil piles provided the appropriate elevation with respect to the tides and were colonized naturally by marsh grasses. The three marshes in the vicinity of Duck Pond, Nos. 314-316, are all isolated from the river by beach berms except for restricted tidal inlets which allow limited flushing. Widgeongrass was found growing in several of the ponds. The inlet to Bush Park Creek has been dredged and bulkheaded to provide boating access to the large campground inside. The area adjacent to marsh No. 317 was used as the disposal area. The marshes along this creek are primarily small pocket marshes dominated by brackish species. There was a

69 marsh at the head of the prong between marsh Nos. 322 and 323 but it has been dredged away to provide boating access. Woods Creek is a virtually undeveloped creek, primarily, I believe because of its extremely restricted inlet. An attempt was made to dredge the mouth of the creek to increase its depth but shoreline processes have again all but closed off the creek mouth. There is a large deltaictype marsh at the mouth of the creek and few small pocket marshes, most of them less than 0.25 acres located along the shoreline. An interesting feature of this creek is the amount of shoreline with overhanging tree limbs which shade the intertidal zone. This dense shading precludes most marsh vegetation from becoming established. However, a unique plant community of dwarf spikerush, Eleocharis parvula, arrowgrass, Trigolchin striata and Lilaeopsis chinensis was observed in several places growing in the shaded area.

70 SECTION V. MEACHIM CREEK TO WOODS CREEK PART A. MEACHIM, LOCKLIES AND MILL CREEK

~ 99

·+·• SCALE 1 : 2,4,000

1000 0 ~ 3iJi1

71 <.

Section VA Meachim, Locklies and Mill Creeks

::c (/) 0:: :::, UJ (/) ( (/) 0:: I- :::, (/) (/) UJ (/) 3: u UJ - - UJ ::c u 0:: ::E ::c ::c 0:: 3: I- UJ I :::, ..J :E UJ I- I- Cl I-(/) "'u I- I- I- 0:: ::E UJ UJ LU u I- UJ I- (/) (/) UJ 0 0:: I- 0:: UJ I-(/) ·C/l MARSH :EC:: zo:: ..J 0:: 0:: 0:: IJ....J ..JO 0:: # 0 ..JO:: ..J

% 40 20 15 25 - - - IMarsh island with spit at 253 Meachim Creek 2.16 mouth of creek • XII acre, .86 .43 .32 • 54 - - - ( ' % 28 27 25 20 - - - - ~pit marsh and discontinuous 254 Meachim Creek 1.09 fringe averaging 10 1 wide • XII !acres .31 .29 .27 • 22 - - - -

% 28 28 32 12 !Discontinuous fringe averaging 8' wide with a 255 Meachim Creek .40 XII I acre, .11 .11 .13 .05 small pocket marsh. (

% 15 7 70 8 - tNeedlerush dominated pocket 256 Meachim Creek 1.0 arsh behind barrier dune. III acres .15 .07 .70 .08

% 40 20 30 9 - 1 - - - - Narrow discontinuous fringe 257 Meachim Creek .24 arsh averaging 3' wide with XII three small pocket marshes • acres .10 .05 .07 • 02 ------

% 50 5 35 10 - Discontinuous fringe marsh 258 Meachim Creek .33 averaging 10' wide along both I sides of creek • acre, .17 .02 .11 • 03 -

% 45 3 45 5 2 Small spit marsh dominated by cordgrass and needlefush with 259 Meachim Creek .34 a small pothole • XII acres .15 .01 .15 .02 . 01

I (/) Cl:'. ::, w (/) (/) Cl:'. f- ::, (/) (/) w (/) 3: u w <( _J w w (/) <( 0 (/) (/) w W. (/) (/) (L _J (/) Cl:'. 3: Cl:'. q Cl:'. Cl:'. :E w lL (L u :J:(/) 0 - <( (/)(/) q w I Cl:'. w 0 Cl:'. w w w f- c::: <( <( (/) o:'. z (/) _J 0: I C, G -W I u :E ::i:: I 3: w .(/) f- f- q f- (/) u"" f- f- f- Ct: :E w WW u f- w f- (/) (/) w 0 Ct: f- o:'. w f- (/) <( _J <( lL _J 0:: ii MARSH 0 _Jo:'. _J <(

% 50 40 5 5 - - - Cordgrass dominated pocket 261 Meachim Creek .25 [marsh. Whistling swan observed I acres .13 .1 - .01 • 01 - - in marsh 26 May 1977 •

% 15 54 - 8 5 15 1 2 - - - - n,- reek marsh with a dredged 262 Meachim Creek 2.23 channel through it and spoil II '1cre, .34 1.2 - .18 .11 .34 • 02 .04 -- - - n,- Ion the marsh •

% 13 54 10 20 3 -- - 263 Meachim Creek 1.1 Small creek marsh with extensive meadow areas. II acre, .14 .60 .11 .22 .03 -- -

% 32 30 5 .32 1 hree small pocket marshes with 264 Meachim Creek .62 XII acre, .20 .19 .03 .20 - large stands of bulrush,

% 10 85 2 3 - - - - $mall meadow dominated creek 265 Meachim Creek .32 ~ead pocket marsh • II acre, .03 .27 .01 • 01 - -- -

% 70 5 23 2 - - 266 Meachim Creek .45 Small pocket marsh and a ~earby spit marsh combined • I acres .32 • 02 .10 .01 - -

% 70 20 - 10 - - - - - Small pocket marsh at the head 267 Meachim Creek .25 of creek with freshwater specie, I at its head • acre .17 .05 - • 03 - - - - -

:r: (/) Ct: :::, w Ul Ul Ct: I- :::, (/) (/) w Ul 3: u _J CJ) CJ) w - :r: 0 I- c:: <( <( (/J (Y z (/J -' Ct: :r: G c:; <.!) :r: Ct: :;:: :r:-· Cl <( w ::, I- :r: w Ct: I- _J :::, <( (/) (/) <( (/) <( Ct: WW 0 z en :r: <( 3: Ct: Ul Ul 3: :r: <- :;:: <.!) ~ U) u ::,: <:Q -< ~::, ow >- LJ.J :r: u Cl:'. :;:: :r: :r: Ct: 3: I- UJ I :::, -' ::.::w I- Ct: :;:: w UJ LJ.J I- w Ul (/) LLl 0 (Y ::,: I- Ct: w I-(/) Ul t- I- Cl I- Ul u I- I- u I- Ct: ii MARSH 0 -' Ct: -' <( <.!) <( _J I- -'-' :;:: Ct: Zet:: c:( I- _J Cl:'. Cl:'. I- (Y

% 10 5 3 75 5 1 1 ITwo spit marshes and a connect- 268 Meachim Creek .29 ing 15' wide fringe. III lacres .03 .01 .01 .22 .01 - -

40 20 10 % 30 ------Cove marsh with a creek marsh 269 Meachim Creek 1.2 emptying into it. XII lacre, .36 .48 .24 - .12 ------

% 5 40 5 Broad fringe dominated by so - cordgrass with large stands 270 Meachim Creek .40 of needlerush averaging 30t I lacre, .20 .02 .16 .02 - lwide,

% 55 15 20 10 - - spit marshes with a 271 Meachim Creek Two small .so connecting fringe marsh 3' I acre, .28 .07 .10 .OS - - lwide,

% 35 25 9 14 - - 17 - - A series of discontinuous 272 Meachim Creek .60 broad fringe marshes, XII acre: .21 .15 .05 .09 - - .10 - - d,5 u,5 % 50 20 5 - - - - 3 5 2 3 g,l Discontinuous fringe averaging 1 273 Meachim Creek .25 r 1 8 wide and a small pocket mars! XII d, .01 which receives freshwater g,- u, .01 acre .13 .OS .01 - - - - .01 .01 .01 .01 drainage. r - % 55 15 3 10 7 10 Fringe marsh averaging 15 1 wide 274 Meachim Cree1 1.03 with large stands of threesquar, and bulrush and a pocket marsh I acr" .57 ,16 .03 .10 . 07 .10 with cattails at the head •

% 65 15 10 5 - 2 2 - 1 Two separate spit marshes and 275 Meachim · Cree1 .85 a pocket marsh with adjoining I 12' heres .55 .13 .09 .04 - .02 • 02 - .01 fringe •

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFt F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-PICKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD f c-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS w-sEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LIZARDTAIL I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 74 Section VA Meachim, Locklies and Mill Creeks

:c (/) c,:: ::i UJ (/) (/) c,:: I- ::i (/) (/) UJ (/) 3: u (/) (/) (/) UJ UJ < ....J UJ UJ < 0 UJ c,:: (/) c,:: c,:: (/) :;: (/) 3: c,:: Cl "- ....J UJ u.. 0. u :c (/) 0 (.'J UJ UJ :c < - < (/)(/") Cl Cl UJ :c ::i w < 0 UJ UJ I- ec:< - UJ ::c u ::c ::c 3: I- I :.::w .(/) c,:: :;: UJ UJ UJ UJ (/) (/) UJ 0 c,:: I- c,:: I-(/) I- I- Cl I-(/) ""u I- I- I- u I- I- w 0:: ii MARSH 0 ....JO:: (.'J ....J I- ....J....J :;:c,:: zc,:: I- ....J c,:: c,:: I- c,:: < U...... J 3: ....JO -'< < < :;: "" < I- 0 :c ....J :c c,:: -3: < < < < <:: c,:: -"- o::i UJ

Rappahannock % 15 40 30 15 - - - - targe point marsh dominated by 278 1.53 River !meadow and needlerush. XII lacres .23 .61 J,;6 .23 - - --

'Y. 25 40 6 17 - - 8 - - n,4 Extensive and narrow fringe Rappahannock - 279 2.21 ~-rshes averaging 15' wide River dominated by meadow grasses. XII acre, .55 .88 .13 .38 - - - .18 - - n, .09

% 35 45 10 10 - - - - - Discontinuous fringe marsh Rappahannock averaging 10' wide dominated by 280 River .30 meadow with a cordgrass fringe. XII acres .10 .14 .03 .03 - - - - -

% 70 15 - 15 - - - Cove marsh dominated by cord- Rappahannock - -- 281 1.24 grass and three adjacent broad River fringe marshes averaging 15' I acres .87 .19 - .19 ~ - - - - - lwide.

% 10 15 65 10 - - Rappahannock - - - Extensive needlerush dominated 282 River 33.12 marshes between an old ridge III acres 3.31 4.97 21.s: 3.31 - - -- - system.

% 60 35 ------4 1 Rappahannock Small cordgrass dominated creek 283 River .65 marsh with hibiscus and water I acres .39 .23 ------.02 .01 dock at the head.

Section VA Meachim, Locklies and Mill Creeks

:r: en 0:: ::, UJ en en 0:: I- ::, en en UJ en :;:: u UJ <( ....I UJ UJ en <( 0 en en UJ UJ ___ 0:: 0:: CL ....I ::;: en UJ LL 0:: 3: 0:: 0 en en ::, ::;: CL u :r: en 0 (!J UJ UJ :r: <( <( <( ::;: :r: ....I -<:t:l ""u 0 :r: 0 :r:- ::, ::, <( UJ UJ UJ o:: >- <( en en 0 0 UJ :,: en en 0:: UJ en 0 0:: en en I- a::<( - UJ :r: u- 0:: ::;: :r: :r: 0:: 3: I- UJ I ::, ....I ::;: UJ -en I- 1-0 I- en ""u I- I- I- 0:: ::;: UJ UJ UJ u I- UJ I- en en UJ 0 0:: I- 0:: UJ I- en ,_. <( LL.....I 0:: # MARSH 0 ....JO:: ....J

% 50 25 15 5 3 2 - - - - 1)iscontinuous fringe marsh Locklies veraging 7' wide and 5 small 285 .5 Creek isolated pocket marshes • I acres .25 .13 .7 • 02 .02 .01 - - - -

% 30 65 1 1 - 2 1 r,- rwo pocket marshes with fresh Locklies ------ater species along upland 286 1.27 Creek edges and a connecting fringe II acres .38 .83 - - .01 .01 - .03 - .01 - - - r,- marsh. j,- % 48 35 1 - - 15 1 - - q,- l>ocket marsh dominated by Locklies ordgrass and meadow but with 287 .74 Creek j,- ~reshwater species near head. XII 1:tcres .35 .26 .01 - - .11 .01 - - q,-

% 23 40 2 25 5 2 3 Locklies - - - - Lower part of creek marsh 288 Creek 6.2 rossedbby S.R • 622. XII acres 1.43 2.48 .12 1.55 .31 • 12 .19 - - - -

% 8 9 30 50 1 1 1 - - ~reek marsh above S.R. 622 Locklies ~rains through culvert under 289 4.4 VI Creek cad • Upper reaches dominated acres .35 .4 1.32 2.2 .04 .04 • 04 - - oy cattails.

% 13 72 6 - 1 3 5 warge cove marsh dominated by Locklies ------290 1.07 eadow grasses with freshwater Creek species at head, II acres .14 .77 - - - - .06 - - - .01 .03 .05 - ( j,- % 50 41 1 2 5 rwo small adjacent pocket Locklies - -- - u,- 291 .25 rshes which receive freshwater I Creek j,- ~rainage. acres .10 .01 .01 .13 - - - - - u,

I (J) 0:: :::, UJ (J) (J) 0:: I- :::, (J) (J) UJ (J) 3: u UJ <( _J UJ UJ (J) <( 0 (J) (J) UJ UJ. 0:: 3: 0:: 0 (J) 0:: er (/) 0.. _J ::E (J) UJ U- _J :::, 0.. u I(J) 0 l'J UJ UJ I <( <( <( ::E I -'1l ""u 0 I ::e:: 0 :r:- (/) U) 0:: >- <( (/}(/) 0 0 l.Ll I (/) (/) :::, :::, 0:: UJ (J) <( 0 0:: UJ UJ UJ I- er - UJ I u a:: ::E I I 0:: 3: I- I .(J) I- 1-0 I- U) u I- I- I- 0:: ::E UJ UJ UJ u I- UJ I- U) U) UJ 0 0:: I- 0:: UJ I- U) "" _J <( U- _J -10 0:: ll MARSH 0 _J a:: _J <( l'J <( _J I- _J _J ::Eo:: zo:: <( I- 0:: 0:: I- 0:: "" 3: <( I- <(0 <( 0:: _J <( <( <(:::, OI -1:I: 0:: -:?. <( <( <( <( <( 0:: ::E -0.. o:::, UJ <(0 U) U) U) :;: <( U) U) U)

% 45 4 40 - - - 8 3 - 1,- Pocket marsh dominated by Locklies meadow and cattails isolated XII 294 Creek .46 from normal tidal action by 1,- acre, .21 .02 .18 - - - .04 .01 - causeway. Culvert drain.

Discontinuous fringe marsh % 30 30 25 15 - - Locklies - - - - averaging 8' wide and small XII 295 Creek • 6 pocket marsh in adjacent cove • acres .18 .18 .15 .09 ------Extensive peninsular marsh with % 25 30 40 5 .. - - w,- Rappahannock several potholes, tidal creeks, 296 29.05 XII River and relict dune system. acres .7,26 8. 72 ~1.62 1.45 - - w,-

% 70 5 20 5 Dredged spoil islands from Rappahannock adjacent channel have been 297 River .8 colonized by marsh plants, I acres .56 .04 .16 .04

% 20 15 60 5 - - Large marsh island dominated by North Parrott - needlerush with hummocks of 298 11.9 III Island pine trees~ Osprey nest and acres 2.38 l. 78 7.14 .60 - - - river otter sighted.

% 15 45 - 30 10 - - Large marsh island with Parrott extensive meadow areas and 26.3 XII 299 Island stands of saltbushes along low acres 3.94 11.8+ - 7.89 2.63 - - dunes on perimeter.

Section VA Meachim, Locklies and Mill Creeks

::c (/) er:: :::::, LJJ (/) (/) er:: I- :::::, (/) (/) LJJ (/) :;:: u <( (/) <( (/) (/) LJJ LJJ ....J LJJ LJJ 0 IJ.L (/) (/) 0...... J :;: (/) LJJ IJ.. er:: 3:: er:: Cl er:: cr:: ::.< 0... u ::C(I) 0 - cr::<( <((I) er:: z (/) ....J cr::::c 0 G - LJJ ::c er:: ::;: ::c ::c cr:: 3: I- ,(/) I- I- Cl I-(/) u I- I- I- cr:: :E LJJ LJJLJJ u I- w I- (/) (/) LJJ 0 er:: ::.< I- cr:: w I-(/) MARSH ....J<( <( <( <( IJ.. er:: # 0 ....JO::

% 50 30 10 10 Fringe marsh dominated by 300 Mill Creek .33 intertidal cordgrass averaging I acre, .17 .10 .03 • 03 10' wide •

% 85 - - - 1 12 - - - 1 1 Small pocket marsh dominated by cordgrass mixed with orach • 301 Mill Creek • 58 I acre, .49 .01 .07 .01 .01 Hibiscus and water dock at ------head.

% 80 5 - - - 10 5 - - - Broad fringe marsh and two 302 Mill Creek .25 small pocket marshes dominated I acre, .20 .01 - - - .03 • 01 - - - by cordgrass •

% 22 23 20 - - 20 8 - - 5 - 1 - - - - - 1 - - - h,- Large creek marsh with exten- 303 Mill Creek 9.4 sive big cordgrass and cattails XII mixed with fresh water species acre, 2.07 2.16 LBS 1.88 .75 .47 .09 .09 h,------at head.

% 45 30 2 6 13 - - - 2 2 - - n,- Small creek marsh with large Mill Creek 3.5 stands of orach mixed with 304 XII licres 1.57 1.05 .07 .21 .46 .07 .07 n,- cordgrass and meadow. Horned - - - - - pondweed in creek.

% 40 40 - - 5 - 5 - - - 10 - Pocket marsh dominated by 305 Mill Creek 1.4 cordgrass and meadow with XII hibiscus at head • !acres .56 .56 - - .07 - .07 - - - • 14 -

% 20 15 50 15 - - Spit marsh across mouth of 306 Mill Creek 1.09 cove with cordgrass fringe III acres • 22 .16 .55 .16 - - and large stnad of needlerush • I 0 1),1 p,- ' % 40 10 - 5 1 - - - - 5 1 1 1 10 - ts i,- x,- Pocket marsh with a n 10 1-- freshwater spring at 307 Mill Creek .7 ~ •. o~ 9, .01 p,- head. Lower portion XII heres .28 • 07 - .03 .01 ~ - - - .03 .01 .01 .01 .07 - J '.o 1.,- x,- dominated by cordgrass • a, .01

:r (/) 0:: ::, UJ (/) (/) 0:: r ::, (/) (/) UJ (/) 3: u (/) (/) (/) UJ LU <( ....J LU LU <( 0 UJ 0:: (/) 0:: 0:: (/) 0...... J :E (/) LU LL 3: 0:: 0 ::, 0... u I- <( (f)(/) 0 0 LU :r (/) (f) 0:: LU <( '° 0 Ct'. LU UJ LU r 0:: <( <( (/) 0:: z (/) ....J Ct'. :r C, CiJ (!) :r Ct'. :E :r- 0 <( UJ ::, r:J: LU et:r ....J - LU :r u :E :r :r Ct'. 3: r (/) r rO rC/l ""u r'° r ret: :E LU LU UJ u r LU r en (/) UJ 0 Ct'. ro:: LU rC/l MARSH (!) <( <( <( LL ....J ...JO c:: li 0 ....Jet'. ....J <( ....J r ....J....J :E 0:: zo:: r ....J Ct'. 0:: r 0:: "" 3: <( r

% 25 45 6 4 14 1 5 Small creek marsh at head of ------cove. Lower portion dominated 309 Mill Creek IL.13 by meadow, upper portion by XII !acre, .28 .51 - - - .07 .04 - -- .16 .01 - .06 hibiscus and spikerush.

% 35 40 20 5 - - - - Pocket marsh with pond in 310 Mill Creek .75 center and low dune along one XII side • acre, .26 .30 .15 • 04 - -- - e,- Tidal creek, pond, and marsh % 65 15 5 10 5 - kk,- - - - - complex with low dune across 311 Wake Landing 2.96 I e,- lmouth, widgeongrass in pond. acre, 1.92 .44 .15 .30 - .15 - - - - kk,- Pocket marsh behind low dune. 20 4 1,1 % - 35 40 - -- - Evidence of muskrats feeding 312 Wake Landing 1.40 heavily on bulrushes. XII acres - .49 .28 .56 - - - .06 - 1, .01 u, .15 i,- from river by % -- 60 25 - f,- q,- !Marsh isolated New Mill - - low dune. Restricted drainage 313 Creek Wharf 1.07 u, .16 i,- across beach .. XI l>.cres - - - - .64 .27 - f,- q,- q,- % 23 29 1 31 8 3 2 - - 1 - - -- 1 ------a~= t:: u,- Trace e,f,g,i,p,r,w, Total h - n - Section VA 180.2 x,ee,kk. a, .07 i,.03 q,.07 heres 142 .3'2 52.07 2 .11 55.28 15.31 5.41 3.53 .29 .02 .64 .23 .15 .02 .08 1.24 .4 .02 .1 .13 - .01 d, .01 ,.01 u,.17 h, .01 n, .09

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P!CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS w-sEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LIZARDTAIL I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-\1AX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS IJ-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 79 SECTION V. MEACHIM CREEK TO WOODS CREEK PART 8. BUSH PARK AND WOODS CREEK

S(AlE 1 24.000

15(10 0 10D~ 2900 FEET i ...... j L;;; :;.,zsJ HARDYVILLE

80 Section VB Bush Park and Woods Creek

I en 0:: ;:, UJ en en 0:: I- ;:, en en UJ en 3:- u UJ - - UJ I u 0:: :;: I I 0:: 3: I- UJ I :;: UJ .en I- I- c:::: I- en u I- I- I- 0:: :;: UJ UJ LU u I- UJ I- en en LU 0 0:: ::<'. I- 0:: UJ t- en er: MARSH

% 50 25 - 15 5 5 - - --- Embayed marsh surrounded by 314 Duck Pond 13.l beach berm. Tidal inlet on lwestern side • I acre, 6.55 3.28 - 1.97 .65 • 65 - - -- - i,- kk,- % 100 - - Saltmarsh meadow around a Rappahannock - - -- - 1,- 315 3.81 pond connected via a ditch to II River i,- kk,- acre, 3.81 Duck Pond. Widgeongrass in ------1,- pond. a,- Tidal pond with a broad fringe % 10 60 7 22 ------1 i,- Rappahannock - - of meadow and pockets of 316 8.9 II River a,- cattails and fresh species. acre, .89 5.34 - .62 1.96 ------.09 i,- Widgeon grass in pond. Deltaic marsh at mouth of creek % 30 40 5 15 10 part of which has been used as 317 Bush Park 1.64 Creek a spoil area for dredging the XII acres .49 .66 .08 .25 .16 creek; only a broad fringe left

Small pocket marsh with large % 13 10 15 20 20 20 2 a,- Bush Park ------stand of hibiscus,cattails and 318 • 73 Creek other freshwater species at XII acre, .09 - .07 .11 - .15 .15 - - .15 .01 - - - a,- upper end,

Needlerush dominated spit marsh % 35 5 60 - Bush Park and several cordgrass dominated 1. 78 319 Creek marsh islands. III acre, .62 .09 1.07 -

% 7 30 1 10 - 30 10 - 10 x,2 Small pocket marsh with meadow Bush Park - - - 320 .36 at lower end and hibiscus, Creek dock and spikerush at upper XII acre .02 . 11 - .04 - - - .11 .04 - - .04 x,- end • j,- % 38 45 ------5 10 2 - Small pocket marsh with cord- Bush Park x,- grass and meadow dominating 321 .76 XII Creek j,- lower end and fresh species in acres .29 .34 ------.04 .08 .01 - x,- upper portion.

Section VB Bush Park and Woods Creeks ( ::i:: (/) a:: ::::, U.J (/) (/) a:: I- ::::, (J) (/) U.J (/) 3: u U.J <( ....I U.J U.J (/) <( 0 (J) (J) U.J U.J_· (/) (J) O;'. 3: a:: Cl (J) a:: a:: 0...... I ::£ :E U.J u.. 0.. u ::i::cn 0 (!J U.J U.J ::i:: <( <( <( :E ::i:: ....I -- Cl Cl U.J ::i:: a:: U.J <( 0 a:: U.J cna:: I- 0:: <( <( (J) 0:: z (J) ....I 0::::C G Qi - ::i:: uI-. er: ::i:: ::i:: er: 3: .u:, I- I- Cl I-(/) u I- I- I- er: ::E:U.J UJ U.J u U.J I- (J) (J) U.J 0 er: ::£ I- a:: U.J I-(/) a:: ~ MARSH 0 _J er: _J <( (.!) <( _J I- _J ....J :.:er: zcr: <( I- ....J a:: a:: I- 0:: <( u...... J 3: ...JO <( <( ::;:

% 35 10 8 2 15 30 - Bush Park - -- - .25 Two small pocket marshes. 324 Creek XII acres .09 .03 .02 - - .04 -- .07 - -

% 40 10 - 25 25 - Small pocket marsh with a 325 Bush Park .3 Creek large stand of hibiscus at the XII acres .12 .03 - .08 • 08 - head •

% 50 25 5 20 - Small pocket marsh dominated Bush Park 326 .25 by cordgrass and meadow. I Creek acres .13 .06 .01 .os -

Extensive cordgrass dominated ( % 77 12 5 - 5 1 Bush Park_ marsh at mouth of creek with 4.42 327 Creek some dredged spoi.l on it along I !acres 3.40 .53 .22 - .22 • 04 channel •

Deltaic marsh at mouth of creek. % 55 30 6 3 5 1 - - Creek mouth very shallow and 328 Woods Creek 5.05 almost cut off by beach. Dredge I heres 2.78 1.52 .36 .15 . 25 .05 - - spoil along western edge •

n,17 % 20 33 25 2 2 1 - - - bb,- Small pocket marsh with a 329 Woods Creek .28 large stand of reedgrass in XII n,.05 rear . rcres .OS .09 .07 .01 . 01 - - - - bb,-

:c (/') 0:: ::, UJ Ch (/') 0:: I- ::, (/') (/') UJ (/') 3: u UJ < ....J UJ UJ (/') < 0 (/') (/') UJ UJ 0:: 0:: (/') 0:: 0:: (/') 0...... J ,.: ::.:: (/') UJ u.. 3: 0 ::, :;: 0.. u :C(f) 0 ~ UJ UJ :c <( <( < ::.:: :c ....J -Ill u 0 :c A ::c- <( (/')(/') 0 (/') (/') ::, ::, 0:: UJ (/') <( 0 0:: w (/') UJ UJ (1)0:: >- 0 w :c ::, .... 0:: <( <( (/') 0:: z (/') ....J 0:: :c CJ! G ~ :c 0:: ::.:: :c- A <( UJ I- :c UJ 0:: I- ....J ,0:0:: UJ UJ 0 ::, -W :c u 0:: :c :c 0:: 3: I- .U) (/') (/') ,.: UJ I-(/') I- 1-0 I-(/') u I- I- I- 0:: :;: UJ UJ UJ u I- w I- UJ 0 0:: I- 0:: 0:: l* MARSH 0 ...JO:: ....J-0: ~

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-PI CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-W I LD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS . S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-B EGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS 11-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 83 Section VI Hunting Creek to Cores Creek The first part of section includes the marshes of Hunting, Sturgeon and Broad Creeks and the Stingray Point area (48 acres). The second part begins at the mouth of Jackson Creek and includes the marshes of Jackson, Moore and Cores Creek (2 7 acres) for a sectio:.., total of 75 acres. This section more than any other in Middlesex County is undergoing intense pressure from real estate development and boating activity. These creeks are probably the most heavily utilized for recreational activities and have the most demands made on them for the maintenance of good water quality. The preservation of the wetlands in this section as a filter for upland runoff and for cycling nutrients in the water is extremely important to maintaining the best possible water quality. Hunting Creek is a small relatively undeveloped creek with a fairly dynamic shoal area at the mouth. The marshes are typically small pockets of the normal brackish water species. The mouth of Sturgeon Creek is an extremely dynamic area with continual erosional and depositional forces interacting to shape and reshape the entrance channel. Several efforts have been made to dredge and artificially stabilize this inlet. All have met with limited success. Several of the islands at the mouth of the creek are actively accreting sand and being colonized by saltmarsh cordgrass forming new marshes~ There is a considerable amount of development in the form of houses along the shoreline with a new area being opened up along the western side of the creek. The shoreline of Broad Creek has been very highly developed with numerous marinas, boat yards and private residences. Much of this development has occurred at the expense of the wetlands in Broad Creek. The numerous dredged and bulkheaded areas openly testify to this. These activities place a severe strain on the ability of the system to maintain its ecological integrity. Efforts should be made to control development in this area so that at least a minimum of biological productivity can be preserved. During this inventory in 1977 there were extensive beds of the submerged aquatic plants eelgrass, Zostera marina and widgeongrass, Ruppia maritima, growing on the offshore shoals from Sturgeon Creek around Stingray Point to

84 Jackson Creek. These plants perform many of the same functions as the marsh plants, i.e. source of primary production, sediment stabilization and habitat and are equally ecologically important. Jackson Creek is similar to Broad Creek in all respects except for a fewer number of marinas and boat yards on the creek. The same high density shoreline development exists as do numerous instances of dredging small pocket marshes for boat basins. The remaining wetlands should be preserved wherever possible for the important functions they contribute to the ecology of the creek. Moore Creek and the small unnamed creek to the east of it have both been subjected to dredging activity. The mouth of the unnamed creek has been dredged and jettied to provide continued navigation to the marina inside. In Moore Creek a long creek marsh just inside the mouth has had a canal dredged its entire length destroying a large portion of the marsh. The marshes of this section are dominated by saltmarsh cordgrass (42%), saltmeadow grasses (30%), black needlerush (14%) and saltbushes (9%). These are all typically saline and brackish water plants.

85 SECTION VI. HUNTING CREEK TO CORES CREEK PART A. HUNTING,STURGEON AND BROAD CREEKS cJli -~-·

~;r"'t SCALE l , 24,000 360p 1000 0 1000 2000 FEET ~==~~~-i!"'!iiiill""!..;;;j

AM BURG

80 Section VIA Hunting, Sturgeon and Broad Creeks

:,: (/) 0:: =:, UJ (/) (/) 0:: I- =:, (/) (/) UJ (/) 3: u (/) (/) UJ UJ < ..J UJ UJ < 0 (/) UJ q (/) (/) :,,:: (/) lJ... 0:: 3:: 0:: 0:: 0:: 0.. ..J :a: UJ 0.. u :,:en 0 - < (/)(/) Cl Cl UJ :c 0:: UJ (/) < 0 0:: UJ UJ I- 0:: < < (/) 0:: z (/) ..J o::::,: C!J C::i - UJ u :.:: 3: I- I ..J :a: (/) I-(/) UJ UJ (/) (/) UJ 0:: ~ I- 0:: UJ I-(/) I- I-Cl u I- I- I- D:'. :a: UJ u I- UJ I- 0 0:: # MARSH 0 ..JO:: ..J< o:i: ..J:,: 0:: -3: < < < < < 0:: :a: -0.. o=> UJ

% 50 20 20 9 - - l - ~ordgrass dominated spit marsh 332 Hunting Creek 2.44 lmost completely encircled I acres 1.22 .49 .491, .22 - - • 02 - by sand •

% 85 10 4 l x,- - - - - Small pocket marsh with fresh- 333 Hunting Creek .33 water species along edges. I !acres .28 .03 .01 - - - - - x,-

% 60 30 5 - 5 ------l'r.,o small pocket marshes with 334 Hunting Creek .45 ~ narrow connecting fringe . I acres .27 .14 • 02 - .02 ------

% 35 30 l l - 8 - - - 25 - - - a,- ~arrow fringe marsh averaging 335 Hunting Creek .25 6' wide and an adjacent pocket bnarsh with hibiscus at head • XII acres .09 .08 - - - .02 - - - • 06 - - - a,-

% 30 24 35 l - 7 3 - - Two point marshes with adjacent 336 Hunting Creek .30 XII narrow fringes e acres .09 .07 .11 - - .02 .01 - -

% 30 20 40 5 4 - 1 337 Hunting Creek .70 Marsh developing inside spit at the mouth of the creek • XII acres .21 • 14 .28 .04 .03 - -

% 95 2 2 l - - Deltaic marsh islands at mouth Sturgeon 2.52 of creek. Spit very dynamic. 338 Creek ~ew areas being colonized by I acre, 2.39 .05 .05 .03 - - cordgrass.

% 30 10 50 10 Sturgeon - - Needlerush dominated spit 339 1.10 Creek marsh. III acres .33 .11 .55 .11 - -

% 20 20 30 15 10 - Sturgeon Broad fringe marsh averaging .4 340 Creek 10' wide and adjacent point XII acres .08 • 08 .14 .06 .04 - marsh •

% 15 10 50 25 l~pit marsh and adjoining Sturgeon ,25 341 Creek fringe, III acres .04 .03 .12 .06

a,10 % 60 30 - - - - Small creek marsh and an adjac- Sturgeon - j ,- 342 1.00 nt pocket marsh which is I Creek a, .1 eceiving freshwater drainage. acre, .60 .30 - - - - - j,-

% 30 35 - - -- 30 4 -- 1 ~ordgrass and meadow dominated Sturgeon - 343 1.90 reek marsh with hibiscus and XII Creek dock at head . acres .57 .66 - - - - - .57 .08 - - • 02

% 10 5 75 10 ~o adjacent spit marshes and 344 Sturgeon .26 Creek a 15' wide fr inge. Ill acres .03 .01 ,20 .02

20 a,l % 38 35 l - 5 - !Two pronged pocket marsh at Sturgeon 1.04 345 Creek lhead of small creek. XII acres .40 .36 .01 - .21 .05 - a, .01

')', 35 l 30 l 25 8 - Sturgeon - 346 .32 Small pocket marsh. XII Creek acres .11 - .1 - .08 - ,03 -

% 75 18 l. l - - -- - 2 2 1 r,- Large pocket marsh with a Sturgeon 347 ,48 fringe of freshwater species I Creek acres .36 .09 ------.01 .01 - r,- around the upland edge.

::r:: ' (/) a:: ::, UJ (/) (/) a:: t- ::, (/) (/) UJ (/) :;,: u UJ <( _J UJ UJ (/) <( 0 (/) (/) UJ UJ. a:: :;,: a:: Q (/) a:: a:: (/) c.. _J ,£ ::E (/) UJ u... c.. u ::r::cn 0 - <( (/)(/) Q Q UJ ::r:: (/) a:: w (/) <( 0 a:: w w w t- c:: <( <( (/) a:: z (/) _J a::::r:: G G - w ::r:: u a:: ::E ::r:: ::r:: a:: :s: t- w I (fJ t- t--Q t- (/) u t-'° t- t- a:: ::EW WW u t- w t- (/) (/) w 0 a:: ,£ t- a:: w t- (/) MARSH _J _J <(

% 10 5 70 15 - - Sturgeon .60 "'"·o point marshes and connect- 349 Creek ing fringe. III acre, .06 .03 .42 .09 - -

% 4 14 70 12 - x,- Sturgeon "eedlerush dominated spit .54 350 Creek hnarsh. III acres .02 .08 .38 .06 - x,-

% 25 10 30 10 5 20 Small spit marsh and adjoining 351 Sturgeon .25 Creek discontinuous fringe averaging XII 1 acres .06 .03 .07 .03 .01 •OS 10 wide •

% 70 18 - - 1 - - 8 3 Sturgeon .30 Small cove marsh with pockets. I 352 Creek acres .21 .os - - .01 - - .02 .01

% 15 10 65 9 1 x,- - Needlerush dominated spit Sturgeon III 353 Creek .75 !marsh. acres .11 .07 .49 .07 .01 - x,-

% 60 15 15 10 - - - - Small creek marsh with several 354 Sturgeon 1.55 large potholes and adjacent Creek broad fringe, I acre: .93 .23 .23 .16 - - - -

% 60 10 20 10 - - Sturgeon 355 .41 Fringing marsh and two small Creek point marshes. I acres .25 .04 .08 .04 - -

:,: Cl) Q:'. :=, lJ.J Cl) Cl) Q:'. I- :=, Cl) Cl) lJ.J Cl) 3: u lJ.J - '. OLJ.J >- lJ.J ::E 3: I- I .(f) I- 1-<=l I- (fJ u I- I- I- Q:'. ::ELJ.J LJ.JLJ.J u I- lJ.J I- (fJ Cl) lJ.J 0 Q:'. :s<: I- Q:'. lJ.J I- (fJ MARSH Q:'. U...... J Q:'. ll 0 ...JQ:'. ...J lJ.J

% 80 15 1 2 1 - - Two small pocket marshes 356 Sturgeon .3 Creek cordgrass dominated. I acres .24 .05 - - .01 - -

% 55 15 20 10 - - Spit fringe and pocket marshes Sturgeon .25 357 Creek located around small cove. I acre, .14 .04 .05 .02 - -

% 30 8 58 3 - 1 Broad fringe marsh around tidal Sturgeon - 358 1.46 end and cove averaging 10' III Creek wide and adjacent spit marsh • acres .44 .12 .85 • 04 - - .01

Marsh island dominated by cord- % 55 15 15 15 Sturgeon grass at mouth of creek with 1.12 359 Creek spoil from channel dredging I acre, .61 .17 .17 .17 pn one side. a,40 k,2 [Fringe marshes around ponds % 2/; 25 5 2 i,l q,- - - f - [behind beach. Possibly inun- 360 Rappahannock .25 XI River a, .1 k, .0 ~ated during storm tides. acre, - .06 .06 .01 .01 i,- q,- - f -

% 45 25 20 8 2 - Wringing marsh averaging 9' 361 Rappahannock 1.37 River ~ide and large pocket marsh. XII acre, .62 .34 .27 .11 .03 -

% 60 11 20 7 2 Rappahannock - - - 362 .37 niscontinuous fringe marsh River averaging 8' wide around cove • I acre, .22 .04 .07 .03 • 01 - - -

10 10 10 % 70 Broad discontinuous fringe marst Rappahannock .60 363 River averaging 15' wide. I acre, .42 .06 .06 .06

:i: (/) 0:: ::, w (/) (/) 0:: .... ::, (/) (/) w (/) 3: u w - OUJ >- UJ :i: u c:: ::E :i: :i: 0:: 3: .... •(/) :,,:: UJ .... V, .... f-Q f- en u .... I- I- 0:: ::EW UJ UJ u I- w I- en en UJ 0 0:: f-0:: 0:: MARSH (!) # 0 ..JO:: ..J

2 2 1 % 70 15 1 2 7 - - - Creek and cove marsh combina- 364 Broad Creek 1.00 tion and adjoining continuous I acre, i70 .15 .01 .02 .02 .07 • 02 - .01 - - 4' fringe •

')'. 43 30 5 2 5 10 5 - - Broad Creek .25 Small cordgrass dominated 365 pocket marsh • XII acre, .11 .08 .01 .01 .01 .02 . 01 - -

20 15 2 3 % 45 15 - - - Pocket marsh and fringe 366 Broad Creek .40 averaging 5 1 wide, XII acres .18 .08 .06 .06 .01 .01 - --

% 35 20 30 13 1 - - 1 Cove marsh complex consisting 367 Broad Creek 1.16 of spit and pocket marshes and a connecting fringe • XII acre, .41 .23 .35 .15 .01 - - • 01

% 30 14 35 20 1 Broad fringe averaging 15' wide - - - and small meadow pocket marsh 368 Broad Creek 1.16 at head of creek which has XII acres .35 .16 .41 .23 - - - .01 recently been dredged and bulkheaded. % 45 10 35 10 - - Small tidal creek marsh almost 369 Broad Creek .44 closed off by bulkhead and XII acres .20 .04 .15 • 04 - - sand movement •

% 55 20 25 - Stingray - - - Large creek marsh with broad 370 Point 3.0 fringe averaging 20 1 wide I ~cres 1.65 .60 - • 75 - - - and small pockets •

% 15 70 15 - - - - Creek marsh with a prograding Stingray 2.25 371 Point beach across mouth. II ~cres .34 1.57 .34 -- - -

:i: (/) 0:: ::, lJ.J (/) (/) 0:: I- ::, (/) Cf) lJ.J (/) :;: u lJ.J <( ..J lJ.J lJ.J (/) <( 0 (/) (/) lJ.J UJ_- 0:: :;: 0:: Q (/) 0:: 0:: Cf) a.. ..J ::;: (/) lJ.J u... a.. u :J:C/l 0 (!) lJ.J lJ.J :i: <( <( <( ::;: :i: ..J -i:Q "'u ::, Q :i: ::;: Q :i:- <( Cf)(/) (/) (/) ::, ::, 0:: lJ.J (/) <( 0 0:: lJ.J (/) lJ.J lJ.J (/)0:: >- Q Q lJ.J :i: ::, I- C'.'. <( <( Cf) 0:: z (/) ..J o:::i: 0 Ci! (!) :i: 0:: ::;: -:i: Q <( lJ.J I- :i: lJ.J 0:: I- ..J <( 0:: UJUJ 0 ::, <( (/) ZC/l (/) <( :;: 0:: (/)(/) :;: <( (/) <( :;::::, 0:: ::;: :;: lJ.J I ::, ..J ::;:w :i: <( ::,:(!) ::;:en u i:Q - OUJ >- lJ.J :i: 0 :i: :i: 0:: I- .(/) I- 1--Q I-(/) u I- I- I- 0:: ::;:w UJUJ u I- lJ.J I- (/) Cf) lJ.J 0 0:: I- 0:: lJ.J I-(/) "' _J <( u... _J 0:: # MARSH 0 ..JO:: ..J <( (!) <( ..J I- ..J..J :.:o:: zo:: <( I- 0:: 0:: I- 0:: "' :;: ..JO <( I-

% 70 12 17 1 Stingray - - - - Creek marsh at head of cove 1.25 1 372 Point with fringing marshes 15'- 4 I acre, .88 .15 - .21 - • 01 - - along either side •

% 60 25 - 14 - 1 - - - - Large creek marsh with fresh- Stingray I 373 Point 3.15 water species at head. acres 1.89 .79 - .44 - .03 - - --

% - 88 1 10 - -- 1 - - 1,- Extensive meadow marsh with Stingray large potholes, connected by II 374 Point 9.67 beach overwash. Widgeon grass acres - 8.51 .1 .96 - - - .10 - - 1,- in potholes. a,- % 38 34 14 10 1 - -- - - 2 ------Total - -- k,- Traces f,i,j,l,q,r,x Section VIA ~8.3 a, .21 acre, 18.4( 16.4< 6.5' 4.67 .22 .28 .15 .03 - .06 - - .01 1.03 .21 - .01 .03 - - k, .01

FISHING PT. 412 407 SCALE 1 , 2<1,000

1000 0 1000 ~00~ rlET BLAND PT. FISHING BAY ~-..,..,! . : hi'$;,.;, ..;I

SECTION VI. HUNTING ------CREEK TO CORES CREEK PART B. JACKSON, MOORE AND CORES CREEK ' STOVE PT. Section VIB Jackson, Moore and Cores Creeks

::i:: (/) a:: :::, LJJ (/) (/) a:: f- ::, (/) (/) UJ (/) :;:: u w <( ....J UJ UJ (/) <( 0 (/) (/) LJJ UJ (/) LL, l a:: 3: a:: 0 (/) a:: a:: (/) 0...... J :E LJJ 0... u ::I:(/) 0 - <( (/)(/) 0 0 UJ ::i:: (/) (/) a:: UJ (/) <( 0 a:: UJ UJ LJJ u,a:: f- <>::<( <((/) a:: z (/) ....J a::::i:: C, G - UJ ::i:: u a:: :E :c ::i:: a:: 3: f- (/) f- f-0 f- (/) u f- f- f- a:: :E UJ UJ LJJ u f- UJ f- (/) (/) UJ 0 a:: f- er: UJ f- (/) ""' <( a:: it MARSH 0 ...JC:: ....J <( Cl u f- Of- 0 (/) 3: (/) :E :E 3: <( (/)al ---, U,....J

% 30 20 30 20 - - - - Large spit marsh at mouth of Jackson 375 5.34 unnamed creek with large XII Creek interior tidal pond, acres 1.60 1.07 1.60 1.07 - - - -

% 30 60 2 - - 8 Narrow pocket marsh with Jackson - - - - - 376 .98 extensive meadow areas and II Creek hibiscus at head • acres .29 ,59 - • 02 -- - - - .08 -

92 6 2 Jackson % - - - - - .61 Small pocket marsh dominated 377 Creek by intertidal cordgrass. I acres .56 .04 - - - .01

% 95 5 - - - Jackson Small creek marsh dominated by intertidal cordgrass • I 378 Creek • 77 acres .73 .04 - - -

% 40 40 15 - 5 Pocket marsh with small tidal 379 Jackson 1.00 creek. Hibiscus at head. XII Creek acres .40 .40 .15 - .05

92 3 .5 Marsh has developed inside an Jackson % - .28 380 Creek old bulkheaded area. I acres .26 .01 - .01

I ,, 35 20 20 25 Jackson 381 .36 Small pocket marsh with an XII Creek adjacent fringe averaging acres .13 .07 .07 .09 5' wide.

% 60 25 3 10 s,- Fringe and pocket marsh which Jackson - - - - - 382 .37 grades into freshwater species I Creek due to upland drainage. acres .22 .09 - - - .01 - - .04 s,-

~-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD c-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LIZARDTAIL I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X·-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR Tl CKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 94 Section VIB Jackson, Moore and Cores Creeks

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% 35 30 5 30 - - - Jackson Small pocket marsh with cattail, 384 Creek .30 at head. XII lacre, .11 .09 .01 .09 - - -

70 18 10 2 Jackson % ------385 .28 Small pocket marsh with fresh:- Creek water species at head, I lacres .20 .os .03 ------

% 45 30 3 20 2 - Jackson - - - - 386 .27 ~ordgrass dominated fringe Creek hnarsh averaging 8 1 wide, XII acres .12 .08 .01 .OS - - - .01 - -

% 25 35 18 20 2 Jackson - - - Pocket marsh with a small .33 387 Creek pothole within, XII acres .08 .12 .06 - - .07 - -

20 14 5 1 Jackson % 60 - - - - Small pocket marsh, Edges and 388 Creek .32 !head regularly mowed. I acres .19 .06 .04 - .02 - - --

% 40 30 30 a,- Small pocket marsh and adjoin- Jackson - - - - 389 .92 ing creek marsh with a large Creek stand of cattails at head. XII acres .36 .28 - .28 - - - a,- % 45 45 5 - a,S Jackson Small pocket marsh with swamp .33 XII 390 Creek loosestrife and willows at acres .15 .15 .02 - a, .02 head.

Section VIB Jackson, Moore and Cores Creeks

:r: (/) 0:: ::, UJ (/) (/) 0:: I- ::, (/) (/) lJj (/) 3: u lJj (/) (/) (/) LU w < ...J w < 0 lJj U) (/) :,< (/) lJj LL 0:: 3: 0:: Q 0:: 0:: c.. ...J :.:: 0.. u :,:(I) 0 (!) lJj w ::c < < < :.:: ::c -00 u ::, 0 :r: :.:: 0 ::c- (/) (f) ::, ::, U) «(- (/) LJ.J U) 0:: >· < (/) U) 0 0 w C:'.'. w 0 0:: w w I- o::< < (/) 0:: z ui ...J o::::c G C (!) :i: 0:: :.:: -:r: 0 < w ::, 1-:r: LJ.J 0::1-· ...J C,:O:: w UJ 0 ::, < (/) z (/) U) :r: <( 3: 0:: U) U) 3: < U) :,: U) .,. ::, ...J :.::::; WJ :r:: < ~(.;) u Y.'. C'.l ·-< ~ :J ow >·W :r: u 0:: :r: :r: 0:: ? I- w I (/) U.I U) (f) 0:: I- en I- 1-0 I- (/) u I- I- I- 0:: :,:w UJ u t- LJ.J f-· w C I- 0:: w 0:: Ii MARSH 0 ...JO:: ...JC,: L? < ...J t- ...J-' ::,::0:: zc:: c,: I- Cl::'. 0:: I- o::. < "' LL _J :::: ...JO c,: I- C,:O

80 10 8 2 Small creek marsh with bulrush Jackson % - - .63 and cattails at head, Adjacent I 391 Creek to a recent dredge and fill lac res .51 .06 .05 - - .01 areae

Combined spit marsh dominated 7. 40 20 25 15 - - - - Jackson by needlerush and saltbush and .30 XII 392 Creek a pocket marsh dominated by !acres .12 .06 .08 • 04 - .. - - cordgrass and meadow .

,; 65 15 20 Jackson Spit marsh and adjoining 20' .48 393 Creak !wide fringe. I acres .31 .07 .10

40 30 30 small pond. Stove Neck % Pocket ~2rsh with 394 Point .so lnunda ted by spring tides XII acres .20 .15 .15 over low beach berm.

n,65 7. 30 5 - -- - - v,- Unnamed Creek Small pocket marsh dominated by 395 .31 VIII Pianka tank n, ~2 a large stand of reedgrass. River acres • 09 .02. .. -- - - v,·· !Marsh island at mouth of creek % 50 5 30 15 Unnamed Creek - lwhich has been dredged and jet- .89 396 Pianka tank ted to maintain navigability. I River acre, .45 .04 • 27 .13 - Clapper rail observed •

% 65 26 5 l 1 1 1 - Unnamed Creek - Two small pocket marshes and a 397 .50 Pianka tank discontinuous fringe averaging I River acre, .33 .13 .03 - - - .. - - 4' wide.

% 40 8 45 7 w,- Marsh inside sand spit with a 398 Moore Creek 2.67 canal dredged through it. XII acres 1.07 .21 1.20 .19 w ,-

::c: Cl) 0:: :::,- UJ Cl) Cl) 0:: I- ::, Cl) U) UJ U) ;;:: u U) U) U) UJ UJ <( _J UJ UJ <( 0 UJ 0:: ;;:: 0:: C) U) 0:: 0:: U) ll.. _J ::;: U) UJ u.. ::;: _J ::, C) ::;: C) ll.. u ::c: U) 0 - <( U) U) C) C) UJ ::c: U) 0:: UJ 0 0:: UJ I- 0:: <( <( U) 0:: z U) _J o::::c: G G - UJ ::c: u 0:: :;: ::c: ::c: 0:: 3: I- WJ I :;: UJ .u, :;: UJ U) U) 0:: :,,: I- Q:'. UJ I- U) I- I- C) I- U) u I- I- I- 0:: WJ UJ u I- UJ I- UJ 0 0:: MARSH _J <( UJ

% 2 85 10 1 1 1 1 Broad fringing marsh dominated 399 Moore Creek .29 by a large stand of meadow II in center . acre, .01 • 25 .03 - - - -

% 75 15 9 1 - - - Cordgrass dominated pocket Moore Creek .68 400 marsh • I acre, .51 .10 .06 - - • 01 -

% 80 10 2 8 - - Bifurcate creek marsh and 401 Moore Creek 1.34 discontinuous fringe marsh I acres 1.07 .13 • 03 - .11 - averaging 4' wide • % 35 30 - 12 1 20 2 - - - - Creek marsh at head of the 402 Moore Creek 1.37 creek • XII acre, .48 .41 - .16 .01 • 27 .03 - - - - % 90 9 1 - Small cordgrass dominated 403 Moore Creek .25 pocket marsh. I acre, .23 .02 - -

% 93 7 - - - 404 Moore Creek .25 Small cordgrass dominated pocket marsh • I acres • 23 .02 - - -

% 42 25 30 1 2 - 405 Moore Creek .49 Series of small pocket, spit and fringe marshes • XII acre, • 21 .12 .15 - .01 - ' % 14 13 70 3 406 Moore Creek .25 Needlerush dominated spit !marsh • III acre, • 04 .03 .18 -

Section VIB Jackson, Moore and Cores Creeks

::i: (/) 0:: ::, UJ (/) (/) 0:: I- ::, (/) (/) UJ (/) 3: u UJ <( _.) UJ UJ (/) <( 0 (/) (f) UJ UJ_ (/) (/) _.) (/) LL 0:: 3: 0:: Cl 0:: 0:: 0.. ::.:'. :E: UJ 0.. u Z(I) 0 t!) LU LU ::i: <( <( <( :E: ::i: _.) -ll'.l u ::, Cl ::i: :a;: Cl ::i:- <( (/)(/) (/) (/) ::, ::, 0:: UJ (/) <( 0:: UJ (/) UJ UJ (1)0:: >- Cl Cl UJ ::i: 0 I- 0:: <( <( (/) 0:: z: (/) _.) D:'.::r:: QJ G t!) ::i: 0:: :a;: -::i: Cl <( UJ ::, 1-::i: UJ 0::1- _.) <( 0:: UJ UJ 0 ::, <( (/) ZU, (/) ::i: <( 3: 0:: (/)(f) 3: <( (/) <( <( U· :a;: UJ I ::, _.) UJ ::i: :E:t!l :E'.CfJ u ::.:'. ll'.l - :E:::i 0 LU >- UJ ::i: 0:: ::i: ::i: 0:: 3: I- :e: ,(/) I- I- Cl f--(/) u I- I- l-0:: :E: LU LU UJ u I- LU I- (/) (/) LU 0 0:: ::.:'. 1-0:: UJ f--(/) ii MARSH _J 0:: _.) <( t!) <( _.) I- _.)_.) <( _.) 0:: 0:: 0:: <( U.....l 0: 0 :e::o:: zo:: I- I- 3: ...JO <( I-

% 88 10 2 Pianka tank -- 407 .25 Small pocket marsh behind low II River beach. acres .22 .03 -- -

% 40 42 15 3 Spit marsh at mouth of creek 408 Cores Creek .49 ith cattails along upland XII lacre, .20 .21 ,07 • 01 edges • q,- Small pocket marsh with a % 90 6 -- 2 r,------~:= large stand of freshwater 409 Cores Creek .3 f - u,.01 q,- species at head. I acre: .27 .02 ------.01 d,- r - f - ' d,- % 85 10 - 4 - - - j ' - 410 Cores Creek .25 ""--o small adjacent pocket I d,- hnarshes. acre, .21 .03 ,01 - -- - j,-

96 3 1 d,- % - Small cordgrass dominated 411 Cores Creek .25 pocket marsh. I acres .24 .01 - - d,-

% 60 25 15 - - - - Spit marsh at mouth of creek .3 412 Cores Creek and adjacent 4' fringe • I acres .18 .07 - . 05 - - -

% 48 23 - 15 9 2 ------1 ------~:i Total u,- Section VIB 26.9 a, .02 Traces d,f,j,q,r,s,v,w acre, 12.9216 .08 4.12 2.42 .67 .10 .01 .11 .01 - - .14 - - .01 - .02 .04 n,.2 - u .01 u,- % 42 30 14 9 1 1 - -- - 2 ------~:= Total - - - - 75.1 n - Traces d,f,i,j,l,q,r,s,v,w,x Section VI a, .23 acre: 31.3: 22.5 10.67 7 .o• ,89 .38 .16 .03 .11 .07 - .01 1.17 .21 - .02 .03 .02 .04 k, .01 - - n, .2 u, .o:

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RJCE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-PICKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD ( C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WJLD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS w-sEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L J-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-\1AX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 98 Section VII Healy Creek to Scoggins Creek Part A of this section includes the marshes of Healy and Wilton Creeks and vicinity (34 acres); Part B begins at Wilton Point and includes the Piankatank River shoreline up to Scoggins Creek (61 acres) for a section total of approx imately 95 acres. The dominant wetland plants include five species: saltmarsh cordgrass (19%), saltmeadow grasses (26%), big cordgrass (11%), black needlerush (15%) and saltbushes (13%). Twelve other species account for between 6% and 1% each of the plant coverage in the marshes. This increase in plant coverage diversity over the preceding section is an indication of the decreasing salinity up the Piankatank River. In the more saline areas downstream many of these plants were present but constituted such a small proportion of the total plant coverage that they only appeared as trace amounts or their percent coverage was so small they were not among the dominant plants. The marshes of Healy Creek and Wilton Creek are very similar being primarily small pocket marshes and narrow fringe marshes with a large creek marsh at the head. The vegetation is typically brackish except the head of Wilton Creek which grades from a big cordgrass dominated marsh No. 431 into a mixed fresh water tidal marsh No. 432 dominated by cattails, Typha sp., spikerushes, Eleocharis spp., wild rice, Zizania aquatica, and saltmarsh cordgrass, Spartina alterniflora in the intertidal zone. The marshes along the Piankatank River from Wilton Point up to Scoggins Creek are primarily extensive point marshes, fringe marshes and large creek marshes dominated by typical brackish water species.

An interesting marsh in this section is Berkley Island, No. 449. The island vegetation is dominated by black needlerush, Juncus roemerianus, and the saltmeadow grasses, Spartin~ patens and Distichlis spicata. There are also trace amounts of two species, sea lavender, Limonium carolinianus, and saltwort, Salicornia sp., which are indicative of a more saline environment than is normally found this far upriver.

99 • 24.000

...... ,__,~-~1000 2000 FEET 413

/ ...... I / ' 424 I " I GINNEY PT. I I ( I BERKLEY ISLAND I I 427 /1RON PT.

/ \ vJn 1 SECTION VII. HEALY CREEK~ TO SCOGGINS CREEK PART A·. HEAL v AN'o \viLTON CREEK ) ~

100 Section VIIA Healy and Wilton Creeks

I U) 0:: :::, UJ U) U) 0:: I- :::, U) U) UJ U) 3' u UJ < ....) UJ UJ U) < 0 U) U) UJ UL U) U) ::;:: U) 0:: 3: 0:: Q 0:: 0:: 0.. ..J UJ u. 0.. u I- < UJ I 0:: UJ < 0 0:: UJ I- c,::< - LU ::i:: u 0:: ::i:: er 3: I- ..J U) U) ::£ LU LU u, u, 0:: I- 0:: LU I- U) I- 1-0 I- ""u I- I- I- 0:: LU u I- LU I- UJ C 0:: !I MARSH 0 ..JO:: ..J< o:c ..J :c 0:: -3: < < < <( < er ::;:: -CL o::i UJ <( 0 < u,....) OTHERS :,: LOCATION UlU U)

% 30 35 35 - - - - Broad fringe marsh averaging 415 Healy Creek .55 20' wide • XII acres .17 .19 • 19 - - - -

a,5 q,- % 38 12 30 15 -- - - - k,- Small pocket marsh with fresh- - - u - 416 Healy Creek .28 a, .01 ,water species at head and large XII stands of sedges. acres .11 .03 .08 .04 - k,- q,------u -

% 90 10 - 417 Healy Creek .29 Small intertidal pocket marsh. I acres .26 .03

14 1 1 7 1 1 7o 10 65 - - - - Large creek marsh dominated by 418 Healy Creek 3.43 meadow with a large stand of II acre, .34 2.24 - .48 .03 - .03 .24 .03 • 03 - - cattails at head •

20 15 15 10 10 - % 30 - - - Small creek marsh with large 419 Healy Creek 1.30 stands of associated spedies. XII acres .39 .26 - - .20 .20 .13 .13 --

% 60 10 10 10 1 8 - l - - a,- Small creek marsh with cattails 420 Healy Creek .90 at head and large stands of bul I acre, .54 .09 .09 .09 .01 .07 - • 01 - - a,- rush and orach •

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWO~T P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RJCE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-PICKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-W I LD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS w-sEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED x-wAx MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE O-WJLD RICE T-BEGGAR Tl CKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 101 · Section VIIA Healy and Wilton Creeks

:c Cf) a:: ::, lJ.J Cf) Cf) a:: I- ::, Cf) Cf) lJ.J Cf) 3: u lJ.J <( _J lJ.J lJ.J Cf) <( 0 Cf) Cf) lJ.J LJ.j __ Cf) Cf) 0.. _J Cf) lJ.J LL a:: 3: a:: Q a:: a:: :E 0- u :c Cf) 0 t!J lJ.J lJ.J :c <( < <( :E :c _J -a:i ""u ::, Q :c :E Q :c- <( (f)(f) Cf) Cf) ::, :::; lJ.J Cf) <( lJ.J u, lJ.J lJ.J Cf>O:: >- Q lJ.J :c a:: 0 a:: I- 0:: <( @u, a:: z Cf) _J a:: :c 0 G t!J :c a:: :E -:c Q <( lJ.J ::, I- :r: lJ.J a:: I- _J <( a:: LJ.JLJ.J 0 ::, <( Cf) Z u, :c <( 3: a:: (f)(f) 3: <( Cf) <( :EC!) :E Cf) <( :E::, OLJ.J lJ.J u- 0:: :;:: I- lJ.J I ::, _J :E lJ.J :c u a:i - >- :c :E :r: :c a:: -Cf) I- 1--Q I-(/) ""u I- I- I- a:: :E lJ.J LJ.JLJ.J u I- lJ.J I- Cf) Cf) lJ.J 0 a:: I- a:: lJ.J I- Cf) a:: ii MARSH 0 _J a:: _J <( t9 <( _J I- ...J _J :E 0:: 2.:0:: <( .... I- ...J a:: a:: I- a:: <( "" LL _J 3: _JO <(0 <( _J <( .,:::, _J :c :E CL lJ.J <(0 ~ I- a:: co: o:c a:: 3: co: co: co: co: < a:: - o::i OTHERS :E LOCATION VJU (f)l') -a:i a:i (/) u «I u I- 01- 0 Cf) 3: Cf) :E :E 3: co: Cf) Cf) «I ""') Cf) _J OBSERVATIONS

% 20 30 30 20 ------Broad fringe marsh, small 421 Healy Creek .65 pocket and connecting fringe XII 1 acre, .13 .20 • 20 .13 - - - ~ -- averaging 5 wide •

% 25 70 5 - - 422 Healy Creek .25 "-eadow dominated pocket marsh. II acre, .06 .18 .01 - -

% 35 25 15 25 Spit marsh and 5' wide fringe XII 423 Healy Creek 1.11 of cordgrass • acre, .39 .28 .16 • 28 -- % 35 30 35 - - Broad fringing spit marsh ave- 424 Horse Point .36 raging 25' wide . XII acre, .13 .10 • 13 - -

% 20 20 10 1 2 30 - 1 15 Dune isolated pocket marsh Pianka tank - - - - - lwith drains into river. 425 River .27 Dominated by freshwater species. XI acres .OS .OS .03 - - - - .01 .08 - - .04 -

% 15 45 40 - 426 Glebe Neck .25 Broad fringe marsh. XII acre .04 .11 .10 -

% 40 30 2 28 - - - Fringe marsh averaging 7 1 wide 427 Glebe Neck .43 and a meadow-needlerush dominat XII ed pocket at point • lacres .17 .13 .01 . 12 - - -

% 80 5 8 7 - Small cordgrass dominated spit 428 Wilton Creek .34 marsh with interior pothole. I !acres .27 .02 .03 .02 -

:c (/) a:: ::, UJ (/) - <: U>- LJ.J :c u 0:: :;:: :c :c Cl:'. ?. f- UJ I ::, -' :;:: UJ ·In I- 1-Q I-(/) ""u I- I- f- a:: :;: UJ WW u f- w f- (/) (/) w 0 a:: f- Cl:'. w I-(/) MARSH c,: :;:o:: c,: Cl:'. Cl:'. c,: .JO a:: # 0 .JO:: -' <: -' I- .J .J :z a:: I- .J Cl:'. I- "" u.-' 3:: <( f- <(0 <( Cl:'. ....I c,: c,: <(::, 0 :c .J J: Cl:'. 3: <: <: <: c,: <( a:: :;: -CL o::, UJ C,:O LOCATION "' (/) (/) (/) :;: c,: (/) (/)(:!l .., C/J....I OTHERS OBSERVATIONS :;: CJlU VJ(.!) -c:o '° u U,c:£1 u f- 01- 0 3: :;:: 3:: VJ 7. 90 9 l - - - - 429 Wilton Creek .36 Small cordgrass dominated I pocket marsh • acres • 33 .03 - - - - -

Small pocket marsh. Typical % 65 5 18 2 10 - -- - - j ' - -- - brackish water marsh with Wilton Creek .31 430 fresh species along edges. I acres .20 .02 .06 - - - .03 ------j,-

Lower portion of creek marsh % 15 15 43 4 10 5 1 1 5 1 - p,------dominated by big cordgrass, 431 Wilton Creek 8.61 grading into freshwater marsh. XII acre, 1.29 1.29 3.7 - - -- .34 .86 .43 .09 .09 - .43 .09 - p,- o,20 u,- % 17 - 25 - - 6 - 2 - - 5 20 3 - r,2 Tidal freshwater marsh at head h - of creek with a large stand of 432 Wilton Creek 4.11 o, .82 u,- wild rice. XI acroo .70 1.03 - .25 .08 - - .21 .82 .12 r, .08 - - - h - % 55 18 l - 10 4 - 2 2 7 - 1 - - j,- Small.creek marsh dominated by 433 Wilton Creek 2.77 cordgrass in the lower portion and fresh species in the upper. I acre, 1.52 .49 .03 - .28 .11 - .06 .06 .19 - .03 - - j,-

5 50 1 1 8 % 35 - - Small pocket w2rsh dominated by 434 Wilton Creek .43 cattails in the upper portion • VI heres .15 .02 .23 - - - • 03 -

Two small pocket marshes at 7. 70 5 10 5 - 10 - - - - - the head of a cove with large 435 Wilton Creek .38 stands of loosestrife and I acres .26 . 02 - - - - .04 - .02 - .04 water hemp •

% 85 12. 2 - - - - - 1 - - 436 Wilton Creek .25 Small cordgrass dominated I pocket marsh • !acres • 21 .03 .01 ------

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P·MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-PICKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-W I LD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS W-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTAI L I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS · E-SALTMARSH FIMBRI STYLI S J-SWAMP ROSE O-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y·BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 103 Section VIIA Healy and Wilton Creeks

:r: Cf) 0:: ::, LU Cf) Cf) 0:: r- ::, Cf) Cf) LU Cf) 3' u LU <( ....J LU LU Cf) <( 0 Cf) Cf) w LU_ Cf) Q.. ,,: Cf) 0:: 3: 0:: 0 Cf) 0:: 0:: ....J :;,: LU LL Q.. u ICfJ 0 - <( Cf)Cf) 0 0 LU :r: Cf) Cf) 0:: LU Cf) <( 0 0:: LU LU LU CfJO:: r- "'<( <( U) 0:: z Cf) ....J o:::r: G G - LU :c u 0:: :r: :r: 0:: 3: r- .Cf) r- r-0 r- Cf) u r- r- r- 0:: :;,: LU WLU u r-. LU r- U) Cf) LU 0 0:: ,,: r- 0:: LU r- Cf) <( 0:: # MARSH 0 ....JO:: ....J <( LU <(0 ::;: LOCATION Cf)

% 40 20 30 8 - - 1 1 - - bb,- Combination of spit marshes, 438 Wilton Creek .i9 fringes averaging 4' wide and XII small pockets at head of creek • acres .31 .16 . 24 .06 - - .01 .01 - - bb,- - r,- 24 28 11 3 5 7 1 1 2 4 2 2 1 2 n,-' x,- '7o - - - - 3 - - o,2 Traces h,j,k,p,q,u,bb Total 33,7 Section VIIA r, .08 acres 8.07 9.43 3.74 1.01 1.72 2.2 .31 .40 .03 .71 .01 1.51 .56 .53 .49 .06 .02 .67 1.04 .12 .04 n:j! x, .09 0 •• 82

•

SCALE 1 : 2~.000

..... ------...... - '

'\ COOPER'\" PT. ,

\ CREEK , PT. \ 452 '-..

/ _.,,.. .,,. /

105 Section VIIB Wilton Point to Scoggins Creek

I (/) cr: ::, lJJ (/) (/) cr: I- ::, (/) (/) lJJ (/) ;;:: u UJ <( ..J UJ UJ (/) <( 0 (/) (/) UJ w.: (/) (/) CL ..J (/) UJ U- cr: ;;:: cr: A cr: :c CL u :J:(/) 0 t9 UJ UJ I ""<( <( <( :c I ..J - ""u ::, Cl I :c A :i:- <( (/)(/) (/) (/) ::, ::, UJ (/) <( UJ (/) UJ (/) cr: >- Cl A ti.I I cr: "' 0 cr: UJ I- ""<( <( (/) cr: z (/) ..J cr::r CJ c~ t9 I cr: :c:: -:::c A <( UJ ::, I-I UJ cr: I- -' <( cr: UJ UJ 0 ::, <( (/) zu, (/) I <( ;;:: cr: (/)(/) ;;:: <( (/) <( <( lJJ ::, ..J UJ I ::e;<.9 ::e;"' u - :c::, OUJ >- UJ :::c u cr: :c :::c :::c cr: 3:: I- I :c .(fl I- I- Cl I-(/) ""u I-"' I- I- cr: :E: UJ UJ UJ u I- UJ I- (/) (/) UJ 0 er: I- a:: UJ I-(/) l! MARSH 0 ..JO:: ..J <( t9 <( ..J I- ..J..J :ca:: za:: <( I- ..J a:: a:: I- cr: <( "" U- ..J 3:: ..JO cr: I-

% 25 25 25 25 - - - Discontinuous fringe marsh 440 Wilton Point .32 averaging 8 1 wide • XII acre, .08 • 08 .08 .08 - - -

% 15 10 70 5 - 441 Wilton.Point 1.0 Needlerush dominated spit marsh. III acre, .15 .10 .70 .05 -

')'. 35 12 35 18 - - - Large spit marsh with some internal areas of high ground 442 Wilton Point 3.47 XII lwith red cedars. acre, 1.21 .42 1.21 .62 - - -

% 10 30 2 58 Small pocket marsh in river shoreline dominated by salt- ·~25 IV 443 Wilton Point bush . acres .02 .08 - • 15

p;- % 18 17 6 5 10 25 - 10 1 - 5 - 1 - 2 Fringe of cordgrasses and Pianka tank v,- 444 3.83 meadow along beach. Very XII River p,- diverse pocket marsh behind acre, .65 .23 .19 .38 .96 .38 .04 .19 .04 .08 .69 - - - - v,- beach.

% 15 5 25 35 20 v,- Cordgrass and threesquare Pianka tank 445 .79 fringe along beach with pocket River marsh behind low berm. XII ecres .12 .04 .20 .27 .16 v,-

. - % 28 10 25 5 25 5 2 - Two shoreline pocket marshes 446 Stampers Whar! .75 and 8 1 connecting fringe. XII lacres .21 .07 .19 .04 .19 .04 - .01

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-P I CKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L·MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD c-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS 11-SEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED D-LI ZARDTA! L I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED x-wAx MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBR!STYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE Q-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT . 106 Section VIIB Wilton Point to Scoggins Creek

( ::i: (/) 0:: :::, UJ (/) (/) 0:: I- :::, (/) (/) UJ (/) :;:: u UJ <( _j UJ UJ (/) - :r: :::, .... c::: <( <( Cf) Cr'. z U) _j o::::i: C, G (.!J ::i: 0:: :E: -:r: Q <( UJ I- :r: UJ 0:: I- Cf) U) U) U) :;:: <( (/) _j <( Cr'. UJ UJ 0 :::, <( ZCfJ ::i: <( 3: 0:: ::i: <( :,: UJ I :::, _j :E: UJ <( :E:- UJ. ::i: u Cr'. :E: ::i: Cr'. 3: I- .

% 30 15 2 35 18 Continuous fringe marsh averaging 20' wide with two 448 Doctor Point 1.81 needlerush dominated pocket XII acre, .54 .27 .04 .63 .33 marshes. w,- % 7 33 3 42 15 - - - - nn,- Marsh island with extensive 449 Berkley Islarv: (10.11 meadow areas and large stands w,- of needlerush between treed XII acre, .70 3.34 .30 4.25 1.52 - - - - I].U,- areas.

Cove marsh with two small 60 25 Pianka tank % 7 3 5 - - - - pockets at the head and a 450 River .40 discontinuous fringe averaging I acre, • 24 .1 .03 .01 .02 - - 2' wide • '• - -

Spit marsh with a pothole and Pianka tank % 45 5 1 30 19 451 6' wide adjacent fringes • River • 72 XII acre, .32 ,03 .01 .22 .14

% 25 25 - 35 15 - - - - - Spit marsh with pothole and a 452 Creek Point 3.2 low berm with cedars around perimeter. Wild asparagus XII acres .80 .80 - 1.12 .48 - - - - - on berm. {!,9 h,- Beach impounded pocket marsh. Pianka tank % 1 20 30 5 10 - 1 5 12 - 6 - d,- Large number of freshwater 453 River .67 XII u, .06 species at head • acre, .01 .13 .20 .03 • 07 .01 .03 .08 .04 - ; - - d,- h,-

% 5 40 17 5 10 20 2 1 Pianka tank ------Extensive creek marsh with 454 River 10. 72 large areas of meadow. XII acres .54 4.29 1.82 .54 1.07 2.14 - .21 .11 - - - - -

:c (/) 0:: :::, w (/) (/) 0:: f- :::, (/) (/) L:.J (/) 3: u UJ <( ...J w UJ (/) <( 0 (f) (f) w w 0:: 3: 0:: c:, (/) 0:: er (/) a.. ...J ::;;: (/) UJ u. a.. u :c (/) 0 t9 w w :c <( <( <( ::;;: ::c ...J -CQ ""u :::, c:, :c ::;;: q :c- (/)(/) q (/) (/) :::, ::::; (/) (/) UJ ~~ 0:: >- <( Q LLI :c 0:: w <( 0 0:: w w f- O::<( <((/) 0:: 2'. (./) ...J 0:: :c o Cl t9 :c 0:: ::;;: -:c p <( w :::, f- :c UJ 0:: f- _J <(0:: WW 0 ::::; <( u, 2'.(/) (./) :c <( 3: 0:: (/)(/) 3: <(U, <( ::;;: u, :,,: CQ <( 0:: ::;;: UJ ::::, ...J :c ::;;: t9 u - ::E: :J ow >- UJ :i:: u :c :c 0:: 3:: f- I :t:w (/) f- f-P ,_ U) u f- f- f- 0:: ::;;:w WW u f- w f- (f) (/) w 0 0:: f- 0:: w I- u, MARSH <( ,_ <( u. _J 0:: ~ 0 ...JO:: ...J

% 5 30 7 38 15 2 3 - - - Shoreline pocket marsh with Pianka tank - 455 1.3 creek thru beach. Cedars on XII River beach berm • acre, .07 .39 .09 .49 .20 .03 - . 04 - - -

% 3 35 20 30 - - 1 8 3 - Very old spit marsh with scat- Pianka tank tered low pines and pothole, 456 1.4 XII River includes adjacent 8' wide acre, .04 .49 .28 .42 -- .01 .11 .04 - fringe,

% 32 20 5 15 13 1 8 2 4 - - - - Pianka tank - Large creek marsh with extensive 457 3.6 River meadow and saltbush areas. XII acres 1.15 • 72 .18 .54 .47 .04 .29 .07 .14 - - - - -

% 30 35 5 11 16 3 - - Shoreline pocket marsh with Pianka tank extensive meadow area and s8lt- 1.3 XII 458 River bushes along the upland edge. acre, .39 .46 .07 .14 .21 .04 - -

% 15 15 25 15 25 2 - 1 2 ------Large creek marsh with large 459 Scoggins Creek 14.13 meadow and saltbush areas. XII acres 2.12 2.12 3.53 2.12 3.53 .28 - - .14 ,28 ------

% 16 24 11 21 17 6 1 1 - - u,- Total ------Section VIIB 60.8 Traces d,h,p,v,w,nn acres 9.76 14.86 6.69 12.8' 10.2 3.76 .3 .21 .83 .63 .11 - - .22 .17 - .04 .04 - .08 u, .06 a,- r,- % 19 26 11 15 13 6 1 1 l. 1 - 2 1 1 1 - - 1 1 --- n,- u,- Total o 1 X - Section VII 94.5 a, .U! r, .08 Traces d,h,j,k,p,q,v, ~cres 17 .8· 124.29 10.43 13.9 11.92 5.96 .61 ,61 .86 1.34 .12 1.51 .56 .75 .66 .06 .02 .71 1.08 .12 - .08 n, .12 u, .06 w,bb,nn 0 .82 X .09

A-SWAMP LOOSESTRIFE F-BEDSTRAW K-MARSH PENNYWORT P-MOCK BISHOP-WEED U-RICE CUTGRASS Z-YELLOW FLAG EE-CHUFA JJ-BOG HEMP B-PICKERELWEED G-WATER PARSNIP L-MARSH FLEABANE Q-SEDGES V-BALD CYPRESS AA-BUR-REED FF-SPATTERDOCK KK-GOLDENROD C-ROYAL FERN H-TEARTHUMB M-WILD MILLETS R-ARROWHEADS w-sEA LAVENDER BB-GERMANDER GG-BLACK GUM LL-HEMPWEED ( D-LIZARDTAIL I-RUSHES N-REEDGRASS S-SWAMP MILKWEED X-WAX MYRTLE CC-ARROW GRASS HH-BUTTONBUSH MM-WOOD REEDGRASS E-SALTMARSH FIMBRISTYLIS J-SWAMP ROSE Q-WILD RICE T-BEGGAR TICKS Y-BUTTERCUP DD-LI LAEOPS IS II-WOOLGRASS NN-SALTWORT 108 Section VIII Fairfield Landing to Meggs Bay This section contains all of the tidal marshes along the Piankatank River from Fairfield Landing to the Dragon Run Swamp. Part A extends up to just above My Lady's Swamp (126 acres) and Part B continues up to Meggs Bay (169 acres) which appeared to be the last appreciable marsh area in the Dragon Run Swamp. The marshes in this are primarily large creek marshes, extensive fringing marshes and large pocket marshes dominated by big cordgrass, Spartina cynosuroides, (36%) and cattails, Typha angustifolia (23%) with a tremendous diversity of other brackish and freshwater species. The marshes in the vicinity of the Piankatank Shores subdivision in Part A have experienced considerable losses over the years by various dredge and fill projects. These include the dredging of pocket marshes for boat access, filling from the upland to increase fastland area and canals dredged along the upland borders of marsh Nos. 464 and 468 with the spoil disposal in the marsh apparently done to enhance water access. These types of activities are no longer generally permitted because of the adverse effects of the destruction of the wetland habitat on the ecology of the area. My Lady's Swamp, Marsh No. 471, and the adjacent creek marsh No. 470 are both very productive and valuable wetland habitats. Both are dominated by big cordgrass with freshwater species, e.g. cattails, Typha spp., smartweed, Pol~gonum punctatum, arrow arum, Peltandra vir~inica, pickerelweed, Pontederia cor ata, tearthumb, Polygonum arifolium, and rice cutgrass, Leersia oryzoides at their heads indicating the influence of upland runoff. A bald eagle was sighted over marsh No. 470 in June of 1977. Horned pondweed was observed growing in the head of My Lady's Swamp. Marsh No. 480 is the largest single marsh in Middlesex County at 86.6 acres. It also represents the transition zone into the tidal freshwater marshes of the Piankatank River. Although it is dominated by big cordgrass, a brackish water species, it has a large percentage of cattails and a diverse mixture of trace amounts of other freshwater species. Marshes upstream show a dominance of cattails or a mixed community dominated by arrow arum, pickerelweed, cattails, rice cutgrass, tearthumb, and j ewelweed, Impatiens capen·sis. These marshes

109 represent the largest concentrations of tidal freshwater marshes in the county. This type of marsh is the most floristically diverse of the tidal marshes,and one of the most important as a wildlife habitat because of the nume,rous seed producing food plants. The marshes from No. 482 and continuing upstream into Dragon Run Swamp grade on their landward edges.into a woody swamp. There are portions of Dragon Run Swamp itself which are also tidal. Where these swamp areas are tidal and have bald cypress, black gum, Nyssa sylvatica or any of several other herbaceous plants present they fall under the jurisdiction of the Virginia Wetlands Act of 1972. These swamp areas were not inventoried per se but rather jurisdictional determinations will be made on a case-by-case basis when needed.

110 SECTION VIII. FAIRFIELD LANDING TO MEGGS BAY " ) / '\. PART. A. FAIRFIELDv-::' .LANDING TO MY LADYS SWAMP

\ . '- _ -- pJANKATANl( ..f /,.t:_,. ANDERSON ~~ POINT '\ \ \ \ • .FAIRFIELD \ LANDING SCALE 1 , 14.000 464 ' 1000 0 1000 1000 FEET B~DS------_ MIDDLESE~m - l!!!!hlal!!!liiiif-'!~====iboiil!""'lioiil!""'li...J;;;j WHARF~DEEP PT. GLOL-:-

111 Section VIIIA Fairfield Landing to My Lady's Swamp

:c (J) 0::: ::, UJ (J) (J) 0::: t- ::, (J) (J) UJ (J) 3: u w <( ...J UJ w (J) <( 0 (J) (J) w i.U . 0::: 3: 0::: Q Ul 0::: 0::: (J) Q_ ...J :;: (J) w LL ::, :;: Q Cl.. u :c (J) 0 (!) w UJ :c <( - <( (J)(/) Q Q UJ :c (/) (J) 0::: UJ (J) <( 0 0::: w w t- O:::<( <((J) 0::: z (J) ...J 0::: :c C, G (!) :r: 0::: :;: -:c Q <( UJ ::, t- :c w Cl:'. t- ...J - UJ :c u 0::: :.: :c :c Cl:'. ? t- :a: .(/) (/) (J) Cl:'. I- Cl:'. UJ I- (J) t- 1-Q t- (J) ""u I- I- I- Cl:'. :ELLI WW u t- UJ t- LLI 0 Cl:'. MARSH (!) <( Cl:'. Cl:'. 0::: <( LL...J ...JO # 0 ...JO::: ...J.<( <( ...J t- ...J...J :E:fl:'. ZD:'. I- ...J I- "" 3: ' <( t- <(0 c:r:o::: .J <( <( <(::, o:c: .J :c 0::: -3: <( <( <( <( <( Cl:'. :.: -0.. o::, UJ

% 25 8 . 14 2 35 5 - - 10 - 1 - Large creek marsh with cord- 460 Fairfield 12.10 grass and orach at mouth and Landing saltbushes and cattails at head XII ~cres 3.03 .97 1.69 • 24 4.24 .61 - - 1.21 - .12 - of prongs •

% 20 10 - 20 40 5 - 5 - Spit and fringe marsh at mouth Pianka tank .78 of creek with a large pocket 461 Shores marsh behind spit, XII iacres .15 .08 - .16 .31 .04 - .04 -

% 40 25 5 20 2 2 4 1 1 - - Cove marsh with two large pocket Piankatank - -- 462 2.13 -arshes and the remnants of XII Shores another which has been dredged, iacres .85 .53 - .11 .43 .04 .04 .09 .02 .02 -- - -

% 30 40 20 8 - 2 Small pocket marsh which has Pianka tank -- - - - 463 .50 been filled around its upper XII Shores edges • acres .15 ,20 -- .10 • 04 - - - - .01

% 5 60 10 15 10 Marsh island created by dredg- 464 Pianka tank 2,82 Shores ing canal along upland border II acres .14 1.69 • 28 .42 ,28 ~ith spoil piled on marsh • Dominated bv meadow. Meadow dominated spit marsh % 7 70 1 4 15 3 1 dd,- Pianka tank - - - - - and a pocket marsh that has a 465 .89 II Shores boat basin dredged into it, acres .06 .62 .01 .04 .13 - .03 .01 - - - - dd,-

% 25 10 7 10 20 20 8 - - u,- Pianka tank - Small pocket marsh which has .30 VII 466 Shores been partially filled. acre, .08 .03 .02 .03 .06 .06 .02 - - - u,-

% 25 15 25 30 - - 5 Pianka tank • 47 Partially filled point marsh • XII 467 Shores acres .12 .07 .12 .14 - - .02

:t: l Cf) 0:: ::, w Cf) Cf) Cl'. t- ::, Cf) Cf) w Cf) 3: u w < _J w w Cf) < a Cf) Cf) w w __ . 0:: 3 0:: 0 Cf) 0:: 0:: Cf) CL _J ::.: (/) w lL 0.. u :J:(/) a -- < (/)Cf) p 0 w :t: Cf) Cf) 0:: UJ < a 0:: UJ w UJ I- o::- LL! ::c: u 0:: ::.: :t: ::c: 0:: 3: t- .Cf) ('-Cf) I- f-0 I- Cf) ""u I- t- I- 0:: :.:w WW u I- UJ t- Cf) Cf) UJ 0 0:: .-o:: UJ 0:: # MARSH a _J 0:: -1 O:t: _J ::c: 0:: 3: c,: c,: c,: c,: c,: 0:: ::.: -CL o::, UJ <(0 ::;:: Cf) Cf) Cf) (/) _J OTHERS OBSERVATIONS LOCATION U Cf)ill Ur 01- 0 Cf) 3: :.: ::.: 3: < U,ill --, Extensive marsh with cattails % 5 38 3 23 23 3 3 1 1 Pianka tank ------and hibiscus along upland edges 468 35 River and saltbush along creeks. XII acres 1. 75 13.3 1.05 8.05 8.05 1.05 - 1.05 - - - . .35 .35 Canal has been dredged along - western uoland border.

% 5 40 3 10 25 17 - - - dd,- Large point marsh dominated by Pianka tank - meadow with large stands of 469 2.8 River saltbush and threesquare • XII acres .14 1.12 .08 .28 .70 •48 - - - - dd,- - b,- j,- % 7 5 70 3 1 1 1 1 2 . 9 s,- Large creek marsh with tidal Piankatank ------!:: u.- 470 River 13.7 reshwater marsh at head. V b,- j,- Eagle sighted 28 June 1977 • acres .96 .69 9.61 .41 .14 .14 .14 .14 - . • 27 - 1.24 - g,- s,------h - u - -· b,- Large creek marsh grading to s,- % 2 3 50 9 25 - 6 1 ------4 - --- freshwater tidal marsh and My Lady's u - V 471 41.2 o,- swamp at head. Horned pondweed Swamp s,- acree .82 1.24 20.61 3.71 10.3 2.47 .41 -- 1.65 in creek. - ', ------u -

% 3 25 30 2 28 12 - - - Very broad fringing marsh Pianka tank ------472 9.34 dominated by big cordgrass and XII River saltbush. acre, .28 2.34 2.8 .19 2.62 - - - 1.12 - - - - . - -

% - 40 40 7 5 8 - Broad fringing marsh dominated 473 Piankatank 3.09 by meadow and big cordgrass. XII River acre, - 1.24 1.24 .21 .15 .25 -

% 5 10 _ 43 30 2 10 - v,- Pianka tank -' Pocket marsh at the mouth of .65 XII 474 River a small creek. acre,; .03 .Q6 .28 - .20 .01 .06 - v,-

% 7 19 30 8 17 10 -- 4 1 1 ------2 - --- Total 126 Traces b,g,h,j,s,u,v,dd Section VIIIA acres 8.56 24.18 37. '}'; 9.87 21.39 12.2f .05 .11 5.52 ~.44 .81 .16 - .39 .36 -- 2.89 - - - .35

IOOQ O rooo 1000 FEET ~-- ~----..i

114 Section VIIIB My Lady's Swamp to Meggs Bay

::r: V) ' 0:: :::, w V) V) 0:: f- :::, V) V) w V) 3:: u .w <( _J w w V) <( 0 V) U) w W .. IY 3:: 0:: Q U) IY 0:: U) 0.. _J :,:: :;:: U) W- LL _J :::, :;: 0.. u ::r: V) 0 (!) w w :i: <( <( :;:: ::r: - u Q ::r: Q ::r:- U) (/) p U) V) :::, ::, V) <( 0:: lJ..I U) lJ..I lJ..I u, OC >- <( Q lJ..I ::r: "' 0:: w "" 0 f- cc<( <( U) 0:: z U) _J o::::r: C!> c~ (!) ::r: 0:: :;:: -::r: Q <( lJ..I ::, f- ::r: lJ..I 0:: f- _J <( 0:: WlJ..I 0 ::, <( U) Zct> V) ::r: <( 3:: 0:: U) (/) 3:: <( U) :;:: U) :,:: <( f- UJ ::, _J :;:: UJ ::r: <( :;:: (!) u - ~:::i ow >- W ::r: u 0:: :;:: ::r: ::r: 0:: 3: I ·Ul f- f-0 f- U) u f- f- f- 0:: :;::w WW u f- w f- U) U) w 0 0:: :,:: f- 0:: UJ f- U) "" _J <( LL _J _JQ 0:: i! MARSH 0 _J 0:: _J <( (!) <( _J f- _J _J :;::i;,:: zo:: <( f- 0:: 0:: f- 0:: 3: <( f- <( 0 <( 0:: _J <( <(

% 15 10 65 - 1 - - 3 - 1 - - - 5 - Spit marsh and broad fringe 476 Piankatank 2.3 ,which is being filled in places V River acre, .34 .23 1.5 - .02 -- .07 - .02 - - - • 12 .. - for water access • b,- % 5 2 65 I 1 10 5 - 1 10 Pianka tank - - j,- Small pocket marsh dominated .40 477 River by freshwater species. VI .02 b,- acrei .02 .01 - .26 - - .04 - - .04 - j,-

% 5 9 4-5 25 1 - - - - - 15 - - - - - Pianka tank - - Large point marsh. Large 5.90 XII 478 River diversity of species. acres .29 .53 2.66 1.4 .06 .89 - '• ------

% 3 - - - 80 5 - 6 - - b,6 Large pocket marsh with 479 Piankatank 2.40 numerous tidal creeks draining VI River acre, .07 - - - 1,92 .12 - .14 - - b, .14 through it. g;- 1;t,~- Extremely large oxbow marsh· % 1 75 1 17 - 1 4 1 - s,- Piankatank ------t,- dd,- dominated by big cordgrass 480 86.6 g,- with traces of many freshwater V River s,- l;t,~- bcres .87 64.95 .87 14. 1: - •87 ~.46 .87 species • ------t,- dd,- b,10 g,- % - 60 2 - 5 10 2 - Broad fringe marsh dominated by Pianka tank ~·~ !::: cattails with a fringe of arrow VI 481 River 1.0 b, .1 g,- arum and pickerelweed along acre - .60 .02 - .05 .1 .02 - o,.06 i·= ) t, .05 ;- river.

::r: U) 0:: ::, LU U) U) 0:: I- ::, U) U) LU U) ;,: u U) U) U) LU LU <( ...J LU LU <( 0 LU. U) U) :,: U) lL 0:: ;,: 0:: Q 0:: 0:: 0...... J LU 0... u ::r: U) 0 t9 LU LU ::r: <( <( <( :,: ::r: ...J -,:Q ""u ::, Q ::r: :,: Q ::r:- <( U) U) U) U) ::, ::, 0:: LU U) <( 0:: LU U) LU LU U) 0:: >- Q Q LU ::r: 0 I- O::<( <( U) 0:: z U) ...J o::::r: 0 G t9 ::r: 0:: :,: -::r: Q <( LU ::, I- ::r: LU 0:: I- ...J <(O:: LU LU 0 ::, <( U) z U) U) ::r: <( :s: 0:: U) U) ;,: <( U) <( :,: U) <( :;:::, :,: LU ::, ...J LU ::r: :,: t9 u ,:Q - OL!..I >- LU ::r: u· 0:: ::r: ::r: 0:: :;:: I- I :E ,U) U) LU LU LU U) U) LU 0:: I- 0:: LU I- U) I- 1-0 I- ""u I- I- I- 0:: :E LU u I- I- 0 0:: I! MARSH 0 _j 0:: _j <( (!) <( _j I- _j _j ::£0:: zo:: <( ..... I- _j 0:: 0:: I- 0:: <( "" lL _j :s: --10 I- <( 0 <( 0:: ...J <( <( <(::, o::r: ...JI 0:: ;,: <( <( <( <( <( 0:: :.:: 0... o::i LU <(0 ct U) - OTHERS LOCATION U) U) U) U) U) ,:Q U) OBSERVATIONS :.:: UlU U) t9 ,:Q- ,:Q u U) ,:Q u I- 01- 0 ;,: :.:: :.:: ;,: <( J ...J % 7b 2g 2h 80 55 lp 3 2t lu -v - - 10 2 7 r,- Pianka tank - Very large tidal freshwater 482 20.9 River pocket marsh. VI bcre, 1.46 .42 .42 1.67 11.5 .21 .63 .42 .21 -v - - - 2.09 .42 1.46 r,-

a,- % 6b lg lh -j So 60 -p 4t -v 6 7 10 Pianka tank - - - i,- 483 13.6 Extensive freshwaeer tidal VI River a,- marsh. bcres .82 .14 .14 -j .68 8.16 -p .54 ~v - - .82 - .95 1.36 i,- g,- gg,- % 6b lg Sh -j 2o 50 -p 6u lv - 3 6 10 1 1 8 1,- Large embayed creek marsh - s 484 Meggs Bay 30.9 - surrounded by tidal hardwood VI c;::,- gg,- swamp. Arrow arum-pickerel- bcre, b..85 .31 1.55 -j .62 15.45 -p 1.85 .31 .93 1.85 3.09 .31 .31 2.47 1,- - s - lweed fringe. % 20b -g Sh 2j 2o 20 lp -t Su 4v - 20 2 8 gg~5 Fringe marsh averaging SO' Pianka tank lwide interspersed through 485 3,65 C - XI River x, .11 swamp along creek to Meggs Bay. lac re, .73 -g .18 .07 .07 .73 .04 -t .29 .15 - .73 .07 .29 gg, .18 C - s,- Broad fringe along river and % 20b lg lOh 2j lo 10 lp ihSu 20 20 Pianka tank - - - ff,- small creek all interconnected 486 .7 XI River s,- through the swampi acres .14 .01 .07 .01 .01 .07 .01 .11 - .14 - - .14 ff,- b,3 x,- % 1 1 41 1 33 2 1 6 1 1 3 Traces a c i ------g,1 l;2 id gg,- r,s,bb,dd,ff h 1 D - v,- Total 168.8 Section VIIIB b,:,.;:4 J,.08 t,1.01 x,.11 acres .85 1.67 69.3 - .9 54.85 .03 .78 - .02 - .03 3.02 1.86 10.6 1. 18 1.81 5.72 - g, .88 o,3.11 u,2.46 gg,.18 - - - h,2.36 p,.26 v,.46 b,2 t,- x,- g,- u,1 3 9 36 3 8 23 2 1 4 1 2 6:i gg,- Total % ------1 1 - h,1 p,- v,- Traces a,c, 294.8 Section VIII j, .08 t,1.01 x,.11 i,r,s,bb, b,5824 dd,ff. acre, 9.41 25.85 107.1 9.87 22.29 67.1, .08 .89 5.52 1.44 .83 .16 - .42 3.38 1.86 10.62 4.07 - 1.81 5. 72 .35 g,. 8 o,3 .11 u,2.46 gg,.18 h 2.36 p, .26 v, .46

Total Total ""I Species Acres /0 S:eecies Acres % Trace S12ecies Saltmarsh Cordgrass 287.81 17 Swamp Loosestrife .42 Saltmarsh Fibristylis Saltmeadow Grasses 320.51 19 Pickerelweed 12.20 l Bedstraw Big Cordgrass 322.36 19 Royal Fern .60 Rushes Black Needlerush 180.63 11 Lizardtail . 35 Swamp Milkweed Saltbushes 177.82 11 Water Parsnip .88 Sea Lavender Cattails 200.90 12 Tearthumb 3.00 Germander Saltmarsh Bulrush 21.11 1 Swamp Rose .11 Arrow Grass Connnon Threesquare 2.14 Marsh Pennywort .01 Lilaeopsis Olney Threesquare 15.50 1 Marsh Fleabane .37 Chufa Orach 24.26 l Wild Millets . 25 Spatterdock Switchgrass 2.36 Reedgrass 3.76 Button bush Water Hemp 10.17 1 Wild Rice 12.66 1 Woolgrass Saltmarsh Aster .93 Mock Bishopweed .26 Bog Hemp Marsh Mallow 3.13 Sedges .07 Goldenrod Marsh Hibiscus 17.25 1 Arrowheads .08 Hemp-weed Water Dock 4.16 Beggar Ticks 1. 01 Wood Reedgrass Arrow Arum 16.35 1 Rice Cutgrass 4.43 Saltwort Smar tweeds 10.44 1 Bald Cypress .46 Spikerushes 5.15 Wax Myrtle .26 Soft-stem Bulrush 2.05 Buttercup .23 Jewelweed 8.47 1 Yellow Flag .08 Saltmarsh Loosestrife .44 Bur-reed .1 Totals 1675.2 99 Marsh Ty:ee Acreage

Ty:ee Acres % Type Acres % I - Saltmarsh Cordgrass 163.24 10 VII - Arrow Arum-Pickerelweed .30 II - Saltmeadow 85.38 5 VIII - Reedgrass 2.38 III- Black Needlerush 117.76 7 IX - Yellow Pond Lily IV - Saltbush 46.40 3 X - Saltwort V - Big Cordgrass 323. 61 19 XI - Freshwater Mixed 19.63 1 VI - Cattail 160. 23 10 XII - Brackish Mixed 756.39 45 Total 1675.2 100

117 Index to Marsh Locations Page Bailey Point ...... , , ,'. , ...... , ...... 58,62 Balls Point ...... 51,52 Berkley Is land ...... 99,105,107 Broad Creek ...... 84,86,91 Bush Park Creek ...... 69,80-82 Cedar Point .•...... 42,50 Cores Creek ...... , ...... , .. , ...... 84,93,98 Creek Point ...... 107 Doctor Point ...... 105,107 Dragon Run ...... 110,114,116 Duck Pond ...... , ...... 69,80,81 Fairfield Landing ...... 109,111,112 Glebe Neck ...... •...... , ... , .... . 100,102 Goose Point ...... ,,, ... . 42,43 Greys Point ...... 69,71,75 Harry George Creek ...... , .... , ...... , ..... , ..... ,.... , ...... 31-34 Hazelwood Cove ...... , ...... 48,49 Healy Creek ...... , ..... , ...... 99.,.102 Horse Point ...... 100,102 Hunting Creek ...... , ...... , ...... , ...... , .... . 84,86,87 Jackson Creek ...... , 84 ,. 85, 93-96 Lagrange Creek ...... L~O, 42-L:6, lt-8-50 Lagrange Creek (South Branch) . , ..... , ..... , ...... , ...... 42,46-48 Locklies Creek .... , ...... , ...... , ...... 69, 71, 76, 77 Masons Mill Swamp ...... , ...... , ... . 20,22,23 McKans Bay ...... , ...... , ...... , . , ...... 22,23 Meachim Creek ...... , ...... , ... . 69.71-74 Meggs Bay ...... 109,114,116 Mill Creek ...... 69,71,78,79 Moore Creek ...... 84,85,93,96,97

118 Index to Marsh Locations (continued

Page

Mud Creek ...... 20,24-27 My Lady's Swamp ...... 109,111,113 New Mill Creek Wharf ...... 79 Parrotts Creek ...... 21,24,27-30 Parrott Island ...... 69,71,77 Perkins Creek ...... 40,51,55,56 Pianka tank Shores ...... 109,111,112 Punchbowl Point ...... 24,25 Robinson Creek ...... 40,51-55 Ross Point ...... 24,30 Scoggins Creek ...... 99,105,108 Smokey Point ...... · ...... 32,33 Stampers Wharf ...... , ...... 106 Stingray Point ...... , ...... 84,86,91,92 Stove Point .•...... 32,34 Stove Neck Point ...... , ...... 93,96 Sturgeon Creek ...... 84,86-90 Urbanna Creek ...... 57-62 Wake Landing ...... •..•...... 79 Wee·ks Cree·k ...... :· ..... , ...... 31,32,35-39 Weeks Point •...... 32,39 Whiting Creek ...... , ...... , 57,65-68 Wilton Creek ...... ,· ...... 99,100,102-104,106 Wilton Point ...... ;- ...... , ...... ,, 99,105,106 Woods Creek ...... •...... 70,80,82,83 Wyatt Swamp ...... , .. ,, ...... 28

119