m "^ n Volume UII No. 10 October 1998 £3 (to non-members)

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Gombrich's blotting paper Refleaions on the deformed nationalism of parts of Europe Richard Grunberger P3

Carl Sternheim Dr Anthony GrenviHe p5 Demons that resist exorcism Second generation perspectives Barbara Dorrity p 15

ationalism is a force with a gut appeal long awaits canonisation - for his opposition to Tito's Russian underestimated by Liberals and Marxists atheist communism. N alike. However, not every manifestation of And in Brussels, the political heart of Europe, a enigma it was necessarily malignant. Flemish nationalist deputy has laid a Bill before the aifa When the French invented la patrie they also Belgian parliament to compensate erstwhile collabo­ century ago, Ls.sued a universal Declaration of the Rights of Man. rators for punishments meted out to them after HChurchill Italian unification was inspired by Mazzini's lib­ Liberation. In extenuation of their wartime conduct described Russia as eralism. In our own lifetime Catalans and Basques he conjures up a prewar spectre of Flemings as a riddle wrapped fought against Franco. .second-class citizens chafing under the misrule of a up in an enigma. Nonetheless, in the la.st war the Axis powers were French-speaking elite. The observation still immeasurably helped by the slights - real or imagi­ There may be a grain of truth in this - but to holds good today. nary - that had been inflicted on national groups in argue that exposure to relative discrimination justi­ An example is Eastern Europe. In consequence, Slovaks and Croats antisemitism which fied collaborating with occupiers who wiped out caused every third actively helped to effect the breakup of Czecho­ Belgian independence and practised total discrimi­ Jew to leave in the slovakia and Yugoslavia respectively. Lithuanians nation against millions of victims is mendacious 1980s. Even today and Latvians were sufficiently embittered by Russian logic-chopping. It is rather like comparing the synagogues are annexation to collaborate enthusiastically with the germ that spreads the common cold with the Aids attacked and copies Germans - 'even' in genocide. Hungary and Bul­ virus D of Mein Kampf sold garia itched to have post-Great War frontiers in public. redrawn to their own advantage, and so forth. Yet, at the .same Western Europe, too, witnessed collaboration time, many players born out of nationalist resentment. Within Belgium in the Kremlin rural Flanders harboured grievances against the power game are French-speaking indu.strial South and Brussels. wholly or partly Jewish. They range Though quite different circumstances obtained, in from reformers - Ireland the burden of ancient resentments engen­ Yavlinsky, Chubais, dered a similar myopia, and produced equally Nemtsov - through deplorable results. Quite apart from Lord Haw- 'facing-both-ways' Haw's Nazi broadcasts and Irish despatches from Primakov to London, De Valera's policy of neutrality worked in the oligarch Germany's favour. Berezovsky, and Today, fifty-odd years after Hitler's war, those the neo-Fascist nationalist demons have not been laid to re.st. In the Zhirinovsky. One Baltic States, veterans of the Waffen-SS parade hopes the present through the streets of capital cities. .Sovereign upheaval will not end like 1917, Slovakia disseminates history schoolbooks glorifying when Trotsky made the founder of the guards that herded Jews into the Revolution camps, as well as Hitler's puppet Monsignor TLso, as Left to rifibt: Theo am I .Anne .\tar.x irilh l.iiiUrii> Spini at .AJK's 'pioneers of nationhood'. Croatia's wartime Primate SOtk) Anniversary Cone':ert, Carl Ko.w Opera s production o/l)ie and Bronstein paid Flederiiiaus', at lk>e Qiuleen Hlizaheth Hall, which played to a full for it' D Stepinac, a pillar of the genocidal Ustasha regime, and appreciative kiouse AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

had plundered from their Jewish victims. SWISS BANKS AGREE $1.25 BILLION PAYMENT All in all, the World Jewish Congress has estimated that $14 billion would be re­ he Union Bank of Switzerland and million was rejected as inadequate. quired to return Jewish looted assets the Credit Suisse Group agreed to The investigations of the Senate Bank­ during the war, including bank accounts, Tpay the unprecedented sum of ing Committee and its high profile insurance policies, investments, jewellery $1.25 billion (i.770 million) in restitution chairman, Senator Alphonse D'Amato, and works of art. to Holocaust survivors, their heirs and the helped to expose the Swiss cover-up, as Within 90 days of the court's final sanc­ descendants of victims, in response to a did the US Government's historical re­ tion it is intended that the first payment joint court action in New Jersey, USA. It view, led by Under-Secretary of State of $250 million be made. A further three was brought by representatives of 31,000 Stuart Eizenstat, which unequivocally instalments will then be paid at annual survivors. Prior to the outbreak of World documented damning evidence of Swit­ intervals. As part of the agreement, these War II, the money had been deposited zerland's complicity in the Nazi war payments will represent the settlement into the safekeeping' of Swiss bank machine. The action of the Union Bank of all claiins made against all Swiss accounts. of Switzerland security guard Christopher banks and industry, including the Swiss For half a century after the war Swiss Meili in rescuing Holocaust-related National Bank. banks largely denied the existence and records he had unlawfully been ordered The Jewish Chronicle believes that extent of such accounts, and made the to destroy, undermined the banks' cred­ several months will elapse before any impossible demand of heirs that they had ibility and added immeasurably to the Holocaust survivor receives a payment. A to produce death certificates for their moral standing of the plaintiffs' cause. system has yet to be devised by the relatives who had perished in concen­ Pressure brought by the threat of finan­ World Jewish Restitution Organisation to tration camps. cial sanctions from some 20 American inform potential claimants throughout the Three years ago the World Jewish Con­ states - among them New York, New world and grant them the opportunity to gress launched a campaign for the return Jersey, Florida and California - and from register their opinions and claims. Any of these 'dormant accounts'. Faced with a 30 US local authorities, finally helped to final disbursement plan, whether to indi­ potentially huge lawsuit in the USA, the secure the agreement. viduals or to organisations representing Swiss banks began negotiations with the In addition to unacknowledged ac­ those in need, will require ratification by World Jewish Congress earlier this year, counts, the SwLss National Bank profited Judge Edward Korman whose court arbi­ though talks broke down temporarily in from the laundering of millions of dol­ trated the agreement. the summer after a final offer' of $600 lars-worth of gold which the Germans n RonaW Channing

was appointed to a full-time post at Profile Wembley United Synagogue. For the next ten years he was at the centre of thi-s warm and appreciative community, work­ Melody man ing in close co-operation with both Ralibi antor Stephen Robins has Berman and his successor Rabbi Abranis. an enviable reputation in the As well as devoting himself to all aspects C Anglo-Jewish community and of a mini.ster's life, he was invited to sing beyond for the sheer pleasure of his in most of north London's newer ortho­ melodic tenor voice, often heard as guest dox communities and founded what chazan at wedding, barmitzvah or bat became the Shabbaton Choir. chayil ceremonies. In 1986 he responded to a call from Stephen was born in Lytham St Anne's Edgware Synagogue, serving one of in 1944 where his cabinet-maker father Europe's largest communities, and devel­ and his mother had been evacuated from oped his teaching of voice production London during the war. He made his solo and cantorial studies (on which he lec­ debut in the synagogue when only six tures at Jews' College), taking his guest Cantor Stephen Robins years old and his talents - he was also an appearances into Europe, Israel and the accomplished pianist - were recognised literally an act of faith; to experience at States. by benefactors who sponsored singing first hand the burdens and joys of life- Stephen Robins established himself as ;i lessons. cycle events and to commit himself to freelance cantor and teacher last year and At the age of 18 he came to London communal service 24 hours a day. He now takes services and gives recitals in with his mother, making a living as a enrolled at Jews' College to train as a what he calls the global village' - from singer, pianist and cabaret artist, .supple­ chazan, at the same time taking up a Eilat to New York. He has just recorded mented with work in Hatton Garden's part-time position at Yeshurun Synagogue his first CD, singing a wide selection of jewellery trade. He formed a group in Edgware, soon after meeting his wife- chazanut, including modern works and called the Sundowners in which he to-be Rosalind. Stephen further enhanced Israeli and Chasidic pop. His fine voice, played the double bass! his reputation, being in great demand at backed by Stephen Glass and his choir, By the time he was 27 Stephen had de­ Friendship Clubs and JACS. make a highly pleasurable collection. cided on a complete change of direction, On graduation in 1976 Cantor Robins URDC AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

Jewish contribution to Austrian culture Gombrich's was very patchy, 1 trace that back to his 'astigmatic' vision. Had he looked at early NEWTONS blotting paper twentieth, instead of nineteenth, century Leading Hampstead Solicitors n a recently published lecture, Professor music he would surely have taken cog­ 22 Fitzjohns Avenue, E. H. Gombrich negated the idea - put nisance of Mahler, Schoenberg and London NW3 SNB I forward by George Steiner and Steve Korngold (not to mention the inusicolo- ic All English legal work Beller - that Jews involved in Austrian gists Guido Adler, Otto Deutsch, Hans undertaken and German, culture had made a particularly Jewish Gal, Erwin Stein and Egon Wellesz). In Swiss & Austrian claims contribution to it. Gombrich contends that art, had he but moved forward fifty years •k German spoken Stefan Zweig, Schnitzler, Freud etc. had from the fin-de-siecle, Erich Brauer, * Home visits arranged been nurtured in the German humanism Georg Eisler, Ernst Fuchs and Friedens- prevalent among assimilated middle-class reich Hundertwasser (and possibly even "k Associated offices in Hamburg, Jews and that their work had lacked any the Austro-Jewish descended Lucian Los Angeles,Tel Aviv, Sydney, Zurich specific Jewish content. Freud and R B Kitaj) might have .swum Nor, says Gombrich, had the Jewish into his ken. Moving from art to art his­ Tel: 0171 435 5351 Fax: 0171 435 8881 contribution to Austrian culture been all tory one need look no further than to that comprehensive. Looking at nine­ Brian Sewell's recent paean of praise to teenth century composers, he couldn't its refugee practitioners - an article the find a single Jew among them, and the Evening Standard embellished with a same applied to the artists of the fin-de- photograph of none other than Ernest PARTNER Gombrich! siecle. in long established English Solicitors But Gombrich's key point is really this: The latter is an outstanding scholar (bi-lingual German) would be happy Jewish culture, i.e. the culture of the with unrivalled expertise in his chosen to assist clients with English, German synagogue-and-shted milieu, was sterile field. But he is also, in true elitist Austro- and Austrian problems. Contact and this ruled it out as the source of any Jewish fashion - pace Karl Kraus, Egon contribution. Cheder-educated synagogue- Friedell and Karl Popper - an escapee Henry Ebner thronging shtetl dwellers lived in such from his Jewish heritage. Myers Ebner & Deaner isolation from the wider world that Phar­ His denial of a specifically Jewish con­ 103 Shepherds Bush Road aoh and Nebuchadnezzar were more real tribution to Central European civilisation London W6 7LP to them than Czar or Kaiser. Cheder rests on the assumption that aspiring, teaching, moreover, was based on rote a.ssimilated Habsburg Jews simply soaked Telephone 0171 602 4631 learning and lacked educational value. up German humanist culture - the Goethe- ALL LEGAL WORK This, one is tempted to comment, may Schiller canon - like so much blotting UNDERTAKEN well have been true; nonetheless, the lit­ paper. (By extension, Russian Jews had eracy rate inside the shtetl was infinitely general culture mediated to them via higher than throughout Eastern Europe in Pushkin and Tolstoy.) general. I would go further and say the But this entire hypothesis is undermined fact that Jews were the People of the by the turn-of-the-century efflorescence of Book is not unconnected with the stag­ an indigenous Yiddish culture indebted AUSTRIAN and GERMAN gering contribution they made to Austrian neither to the Goethe or Pushkin tradition PENSIONS literature - alike as novelists (Stefan - a culture that, inoreover, millions sub­ Zweig, Josef Roth, Franz Werfel, Elias scribed to in pre-Holocaust days. One Canetti) playwrights (Arthur Schnitzler, wonders if Professor Gombrich ever PROPERTY RESTITUTION Fritz Hochwaelder), satirists (Karl Kraus, bothered to acquaint himself with the CLAIMS Robert Neumann) and poets (Paul Celan, poetry of Mordechai Gebirtig, Itzik Man­ EAST GERMANY- BERLIN Erich Fried). I would even argue that the ger and Abraham Sutzkever, the plays of deep compassion and insight into the Anski, Avrom Goldfaden, Jakob Gordin, I On Instructions our office will human psyche found in the work of L Peretz and Sholem Aleichem, or the assist to deal with your Zweig and Schnitzler have a Jewish com­ novels of Shalom Asch, Joshua Singer applications and pursue the ponent. and Isaac Bashevis Singer. (The last inen- matter with the authorities. tioned, incidentally, was a Nobel Prize As to probing the psyche, how does For further information and one account for the fact that, although winner with a Yiddish oetwre translated Vienna had long been a centre of medi­ into various Kultursprachen.'). appointment please cal research, psychoanalysis was virtually U Richard Grunberger contact: an Austro-Jewish monopoly. From a roll- ICS CLAIMS call of its illuminati - Abraham, Adler, 146-154 Kilburn High Road Bettelheim, Ferenczi, Fliess, Fraenkel, A Happy & Healthy London NW6 4JD Freud, Rank, Sachs, Stekel - only one, New Year admittedly outstanding, non-Jew is miss­ Tel: 0171-328 7251 (Ext. 107) Fax: 0171-624 5002 ing: Jung. to all our readers As to Gombrich's assertion that the

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like the USA. By contrast, Germany was Review until 1871 a fractured country: its inhabi­ tants were obediently ruled by small authoritarian militaristic elites. When Jew­ Explaining the inexplicable ish emancipation eventually came, it was imposed from above. Michael BlumenthaiTHE INVISIBLEWALL, Germans and Jews, a Personal Exploration. Historical chance also played its critical Counterpoint Publishers,Washington DC. part. Rapid industrialisation caused eco­ ichael Blumenthal, Jimmy Carter's tinuous German-Jewish history. nomic hardships. Jews profited from it, Secretary of the Treasury, was The book ends with an epilogue in some becoming leading lights in industry, M born in 1926 in Oranienburg into which Blumenthal analyses the long love- commerce and finance. That often caused a totally assimilated family of bankers. He hate relationship between German and envy and resentment amongst those less spent some time at Berlin's Kaliski School Jew and the reasons why in the country fortunate, particularly in times of eco­ before leaving for Shanghai with his in which, ever since the Enlightenment, nomic crises. Those underlying problems parents. In 1947 Michael arrived in God's the Jews had assimilated and integrated reached their climax in the post-World Own Country with 65 dollars in his the fastest and the most completely, War One era. How, Blumenthal asks, pocket. From these modest beginnings he antisemitism proved itself most vicious would the Jewish minority have fared if became in turn the head of two large and catastrophic. His analysis is contro­ the rise of the Nazis had not been public industrial companies, entered versial. Not everybody will agree with it, nurtured by the Allied mistakes in the Government service as a delegate to but it makes sense. He claims that the "Versailles peace treaty which caused international trade organisations and Jews in Germany had advanced further economic misery and by the weak eventually served as Head of the and faster virtually than anywhere else. leadership of the Weimar Republic? Treasury, He is now in charge of the yet- Germany was the cradle of modern Blumenthal does not believe that the fail­ to-be-opened Berlin Holocaust Museum. Reform Judaism and the Jews themselves ure of the German-Jewish relationship His book combines personal biography, considered Germany the best country in was preordained, but that it was deter­ up to his arrival in the USA, with a his­ the world. What was it then in German mined by historic developments. He tory of Germany's Jews from their first character and history that misled the Jews disagrees with the Goldhagen proposition setdement in Roman times until the final so tragically? that German antisemitism is fundamen­ apocalypse, a history which he quite From the outset the German-Jewish tally different from that of others and that ingeniously winds around some of his relationship was, according to him, a au fond it was annihilist, a brutal charac­ ancestors (who included Rahel Varnhagen mariage de convenance. Germany need­ teristic shared by many Germans. The von Ense, the great society hostess of the ed its Jews for economic reasons, whilst book ends with this "obituary": The unre­ Beriin salons). the Jews needed Germany as a safe quited love affair of Germany's Jews with It is in the post-Enlightenment period haven with scope for their unique talents. their native country ended in disaster. The that his story becomes most fascinating Germans and Jews had much in com­ three hundred years of modern history and colourful. 'Within two generations mon: both believed in the ethic of hard had shaped their character and trans­ Yiddish-only speaking ghetto Jews, who work, both respected learning. The for­ formed them into special people. There had had lived a cocooned life of total isola­ tuitous late entry of Germany into been remarkable accomplishments and tion from their surroundings, became industrialisation provided special oppor­ many triumphs. German Christians and totally integrated into German language, tunities for the Jews. Of course the Jews Jews bad deeply influenced each other. Nei­ culture, lifestyle and economics. encountered prejudice, bigotry and dis­ ther had remained the same, for the Jews, Germany had once been the land of great From that time onwards their history crimination. But, he says, before Hitler opportunity. They had given much to Ger­ became one of cyclical changes. It had its that was by and large no worse than many and the world and received much /" ups and downs: the waves of anti­ anywhere else. An argument which is return. They had failed to see, hoivevef, semitism rose and fell; their integration perhaps hard to sustain. Mr Goldhagen that Germany was a sick society and that into the fabric of German society never certainly would not agree. the deck ivas stacked against them. Until remained unchallenged. Yet in no other Just what, asks Blumenthal, made Ger­ the end, German Christian and Jeiv re­ country did they identify themselves to many eventually the seedbed for such tained a distorted vieiv of each other. It the same extent with their fellow citizens, ruthless, murderous anti.semitism? kept them apart and ultimately it contrib­ nor did they contribute to such a promi­ He calls up special historic circum­ uted to the Jews' doom. nent degree to the country's prosperity stances, which on the one hand favoured and culture. The Blumenthals, like so the fast assimilation and advancement of For those of us who grew up in Ger­ many of their fellow Jews, were, almost Germany's Jews, yet on the other hand many during that last bitter chapter, the until the bitter end, as patriotic and inhibited a true and total acceptance. In book is a worthwhile read. For our chil' "Treu-Teutsch" as the rest. It was the much of the 19* century western world dren and grandchildren, who so often Kristallnacht, in which the 12-year-old the concepts of democracy and social jus­ say 'How could you? How could you and Michael witnessed the torching of the tice had made substantial progress, but your parents have been so purblind and Fasanenstrasse Synagogue from the van­ not so in Germany. Germany had no cherish so many misguided illusions?'' tage point of his bicycle, which finally equivalents for Liberte, Egalite and the book gives as good an explanation as shattered the hopes and dreams to which Fraternite like France, no longstanding such a complex, diffuse problem can prO" so many Jews had still clung and which padiamentary tradition like the UK, no vide. presaged the end of 1700 years of con­ Bill of Rights enshrined in its constitution D Ronald Stent AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

Carl Sternheim ne of the many highly successful playwrights of the pre-Hitler Otheatre whose work was banned under the Nazis and has remained largely forgotten since 1945 is Carl Sternheim. Born into a wealthy German-Jewish Israel's Finest Wines banking family in 1878, Sternheim made from the his name in the years before World War I with a series of biting comedies satirising Golan Heights Wilhelmine Germany, its conformism, Yarden, Golan & Gamla philistine materialism and hypocrisy. In the Weimar years, he was acknowledged Write, phone or fax as a leading dramatist with a relentless for full Information ability to diagnose and pillory the key House of Hallgarten trends in contemporary society; as such, Dallow Road, Luton LU1 1UR he makes a memorable appearance as Carl Sler)iheim Tel: 01582 22538 the eagle-eyed satirist Theophil Marder in Fax: 01582 23240 Mephisto Klaus Mann's roman a clef. near his close friend, the poet Gottfried Sternheim made his breakthrough in Benn. Forced to leave Belgium in 1918, 1910 with the comedy Die Hose, where he adopted an increasingly unsettled life­ Luise Maske's misfortune in losing her style, culminating in divorce from Thea in AJR MEALS ON WHEELS If you live In North or North West London underwear, the knickers of the title, in 1927 and a severe nervous breakdown in and wish to take advantage of this service, Berlin's Tiergarten, attracts two rival amo­ 1928. phone Susie Kaufman 0171-328 0208 for rous adventures to the mundane abode His plays of the 1920s, like Der details and an assessment interview. of her narrow-minded, petty bourgeois entfesselte Zeitgenosse (1920) and Der husband Theobald, nominally in search Nebhich (1922), often catch the puLse of of rented rooms. However, in a reversal contemporary life, but Sternheim had lost of the expected comic cuckolding, it is his key subject matter with the disappear­ the robustly egoistic Theobald who tri­ ance of Wilhelmine Germany. A third umphs over the would-be lovers. He marriage, in 1930, to Pamela Wedekind, exploits their weakness, and by the play's with whom he moved to Brussels, proved end has enough money from their rent to short-lived. He spent his last years there, start a family himself, while his down­ largely unproductively and in poor BELSIZE SQUARE trodden and sentimental wife remains health. The companion of his later years, SYNAGOGUE trapped in the kitchen. the Viennese Henny Carbonara, had suf­ His extramarital sex life organised on a ficient influence with the Italian Embassy 51 BELSIZE SQUARE, NW3 characteristically businesslike fashion with in Brussels to ensure that he was pro­ the spinster next door, Theobald pro­ tected from deportation after the German We offer a traditional style of ceeds to found the Maske dynasty, whose invasion. Sternheim died on 3 November religious service with Cantor, ruthless ascent to wealth and power is 1942 after an attack of pneumonia. Choir and organ charted in Der Snob (1913), 1913 (1914) Sternheim's plays revolve round the and Das Fossil (1922). These plays, along conflict between individual freedom and Further details can be obtained With Die Kassette (1911), a study in ava­ the levelling pressures of modern society. from our synagogue secretary rice, Burger Schippel (1912), the story of Sternheim required the individual to as­ the acceptance of an illegitimate prole­ sert his eigene Nuance, that element of Telephone 0171-794 3949 tarian into bourgeois society when his personality unique to him alone, not to golden voice earns him a place in a vocal submerge it in the collective mediocrity Minister: Rabbi Rodney J. Mariner Cantor: Rev Lawrence H. Fine quartet, and Tabula Rasa (1916), a satire of modern society. For him, it is monsters cm the corruption of German working- of egoism like Theobald Maske, ready to Regular services: Friday evenings at 6.30 pm, class politics, form the core of the series realise their desires at the expense of Saturday mornings at 10 am Religion school: Sundays at 10 am to 1 pm of comedies that Sternheim called collec­ others regardless of social convention, tively Aus dem biirgerlichen Heldenleben. who are the true heroes, not conformists Space donated by Pafra Limited Politically, Sternheim was a radical left- like Maske's son Christian, who sacrifices wing anarchist whose wealth, especially his individuality by adopting the charac­ when combined with the fortune of his teristics of the upper classes into which BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE second wife Thea Bauer, enabled him to he rises, or the hero of Burger Schippel, 51 Belsize Square, London N.W.3 live a lavish life at their residence in HoU- who betrays his authentic proletarian self Our communal hall is available for "egelskreuth, outside Munich. In 1912 by conforming to the phoney values of cultural and social functions. they moved to La Hulpre, near Brussels, bourgeois society. Tel: 0171-794 3949 where Sternheim spent the war years, U Anthony Grenville

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drawn comparisons between Palestinians and Jewish victims of Nazism. Referring to the matter at the Pastora Goldner Holocaust Symposium in Wroxton, Ox­ Ij^^So^SiJ^^ fordshire, in June, he stated that the article concerned had been published in the Los Angeles Times in 1988, on the An important part of the exploration of THE SHOAH ANDTHE 50th anniversary of Kristallnacht and that the legacy of these Memorial Scrolls is to OFFICERS' PLOT out of all he had ever written, he regret­ trace people who originally came from Sir - AW Freud does not provide evidence ted having written this one. Czech Jewish communities. to support his 'virtual' history theory of the This controversy is the latest in a series If any of the readers of AJR Information Shoah influencing the Officers' Plot. of conflicts at the US Holocaust Museum originally came from Bohemia and/or Lehndorf's report of atrocities to his which opened in 1995. How easily state­ Moravia, we should very much like to wife is unsupported as his main reason ments, quoted out of context, can be hear from them. for joining the conspiracy. The Resi.stance misused for political ends! It is unfortu­ Anyone interested should contact: Tom was hardly influenced by the killing of nate when a protagonist of the Jewish Crosby, NPLS Czech Connection, Jews. On the contrary these people wel­ cause, and someone who writes with Northwood & Pinner Liberal Synagogue, comed their removal from society (cf C great sensitivity about the Shoah, becomes Oaklands Gate, Green Lane, Northwood Dipper's German Resistance and Jews). the victim. The only group who will ben­ HA6 3AA. (Tel 01923 774637). Goerdeler in general supported 'Propos­ efit from this are the Holocaust deniers. Michael Heppner als for a Solution to the Jewish Problem'. Pinner Gaby Glassman Chairman, NPLS Czech Connection He accepted that the Jews were a prob­ Middx lem and that they had harmed Germany. Helldorf was by Freud's own depiction A SWISS CENTURY AGO corrupt and instigator of the anti-Jewish Sir - My great uncle, Rabbi Dr J L Landau WARTIME SHANGHAI New Year 1933 riots in Berlin, {cf of Witwatersrand, was an active Sir - I am grateful to the many people Joachim Fest's Hitler). It is therefore un­ supporter of the emerging Zionist who, in answer to my enquiry about likely that the killing of Jews would have movement and as such attended the wartime Shanghai, pointed me to made him a conspirator. second Zionist Congress at Basle. Shanghai Refuge by Ernst G Heppner. Freud's assertion that it was 'a good An incident at this congress, recorded (University of Nebraska Press. Obtainable thing' that Hitler survived the attempted in his diary, deserves to be more widely at WH Smith, £9.50.) assassination is monstrous. known. I was standing on the balcony of London NWl I RTreitel Unnumbered masses of people were the Stadtkasino with many other del­ killed or maimed as a consequence of egates. It happened to be a Swiss this failure. national festival, when crowds with their JEWISH RACISM London N6 H Fisher national flags, rolling drums and songs Sir - At a recent Holocaust gathering ' passed the street faced by the Casino. We was shocked to hear some of those Sir - AW Freud states that the July plot lowered our flags calling: 'Es lehe die present refer to sbiksabs and sbvartses. 1 might have been "indirectly" the Schweiz!" - whereupon the others, low­ had attended a previous meeting with mV responsibility of Jews. I have never heard ering their flags, responded with cries of: non-Jewish wife and several Holocaust anyone expound that view, nor "that the "Es lebe das jiidische Volk!" This was the survivors expressed the opinion that they survival of Hitler in July 1944 was a good first acknowledgement our people re­ did not welcome non-Jews. This remin­ thing". Every month that he continued to ceived from a free nation.' ded me that during my student days my live meant more deaths. Powys Manfred Landau Jevk'ish landlady (who.se .son, incidentally London PH Sinclair is now a High Court Judge) threw me out when she discovered that my girlfriend HOLOCAUST MUSEUM was darkskinned. In 1998, after Ravens­ CZECH SCROLL REUNIONS CONTROVERSY bruck and Dachau and losing both parents Sir - Since 1964, 1350 Torah Scrolls from Sir - The appointment of Professor John in the camps, I am deeply shocked and the lost congregations of Bohemia and Roth as director of the Centre for hurt that this prejudice is still alive. Moravia have been distributed around Advanced Holocaust Studies at the US Winchmore Hill TG Sinclair the world by the Memorial Scrolls Tru.st Holocaust Memorial Mu.seum in Washing­ of the Westminster Synagogue. ton (August issue), caitte under fierce Some of the synagogues which have attack from Mr Morton Klein, President of SHOCK been entrusted with these Memorial the Zionist Organisation of America. Sir - Further to my letter in the August Scrolls have been exploring the heritage Despite overwhelming support for him by issue: I did not refer to Orthodox of the Czech Jewish communities from the Holocaust Council and the .scholarly communities, but to religious teaching which they came and a seminar on "Shar­ community. Professor Roth, who is not organisations. The attitudes towards ing the Czech Scroll Experience" is taking Jewish, decided to withdraw and remain Holocaust survivors were expressed by place at the Northwood and Pinner Lib­ chairman of the philosophy department at rabbis and students during lectures. eral Synagogue in Northwood, on 1 Claremont McKenna College. Oakhill Park Herta Reik November 1998. It was alleged that Professor Roth had London NW3 AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

AJRWITHOUT R We are the Associadon of Jewish Refu­ Sir - The experience of having been gees because that is our origin and many AM LUNCHEON CLUB expelled from one, and welcomed in of us feel proud of it. 199^/1999 SEASON'S another, country remains as a central Anon feature in the make-up of my personality. PROGRAMME I cannot and see no need to shake it off. Such has been the demand for places at My German and British friends value the Sir - R stands for refugee, racism, AJR's Luncheon Club that members are revenge, and all that is retrograde. Reject contributions I have made and can still now being invited to book well in advance make from the insight gained by my that now in favour of F for fine, fresh and make quite certain of enjoying their experience, which will also affect my and forward-looking; let's call ourselves preferred guest speakers without being children. The time for changes in the Association of Jewish Friends. placed on a waiting list. human traditions that cause such Harrogate Peter Goddard If a cancellation has to be made, the experiences must be counted not in Luncheon fee of &8 can be returned only if years, but over generations. 24 hours notification is given. London SEI I ML Meyer PRIDE AND A PLEA October 21 Anton Felton, Jewish Sir - I am quite proud of being a Carpets expert Sir - From the columns of the recent German-Jewish refugee and even November 18 Walter Woyda, talks on letters page it would appear that we prouder of being British by choice and The Musical Rothschild' refugees wish to become known as for­ not accident of birth; nor am I ever December 16 Rabbi Mariner lights the Chanukah Candles mer or ex refugees. I am not convinced likely to be English because you have January 20 Andrea Lytdeton, that this is the majority view of the to be born here and not in Kassel as I was. Graphologist members, but if it is, has it been con­ February 17 Ruth Ives, Sir Winston sidered how much the conversion will Could we have a little less about the Churchill's Secretary cost? Holocau.st. I have had to live with it for March 17 Hella Pick, biographer of There will be legal charges to permit 53 years morning noon and night, having Simon Wiesenthal the name change, most stationery will lost my father and all his side of the fam­ April 21 Rabbi Rayner, Where do our loyalties lie?' have to be scrapped, the Association will ily. We keep being told that we have to May 19 Stanley Kaye, 'Diamonds have to be rebranded, e.g. letter heads remind people of it, but so far it has done no good at all. Look around the are for ever' redesigned to include appropriate icons lune 16 John Marks, former and slogans in line with current practice world - particularly at the former Yugo­ Chairman of the British and extensive publicity will have to be slavia and Africa - no one has learned Medical As.sociation organised to inform our many friends in anything except perhaps the Irish, but society of our new status. time will tell. We are all getting older, .so Please call Sylvia, Renee or Susie cheer us up not down! We should aLso bear in mind that this on 0171 328 0208 Erdington Mrs Henny Rednall change sadly will not be meaningful for very long. When your successor (1 apolo­ Birmingham gise for becoming personal) has finally penned the obituary of the ultimate real LEO BAECK refugee/ex refugee, what use will be the TRANSATLANTIC BOUQUET LONDON LODGES ex in the title then? Sir - Through the graciousness of my Mill Hill HE Reiner friend, Mr Max Kochmann, I have been Lectures receiving the AJR pulilication. I just wan­ London NW7 Dr Ulrike Walton-Jordan ted to tell you how much I enjoy reading of Sussex University lectures on it, how informative and detailed it is Sir - / am a refugee. And have been for about the lives of many German Jewish 'Voices ofExiletThe Contributions of 65 years. And am still. And will be. I am emigrants. By reading your publication, I German-Speaking Refugees to defined by the reason for my arrival. I read about the birthday of Mrs Reich­ British Cultural Life' have no wish to erase that fact, or facet, mann, who was a close friend of my of my life. I have no accent, but I have a Sunday ISth October 1998 at 3pm father in Berlin. Leo Baeck Hall, 11 Fiajohns Ave, NW3 history. My roots are Berlin. And that Thank you so much for sending me colours my British being. And I am this publication. I pass it on to many of 'So comfortable in that duality. my friends. Professor Peter Pulzer London W / Peter Zander Great Neck Werner A Stein of Oxford University delivers the annual NewYork Leo Baeck Memorial Lecture Sir - Can we not lay this argument about 'A Minority in a Democracy, the Jews the name of our Association to rest? of the Weimar Republic' Would you refer to an 'Old Boy's Asso­ BOUQUET ciation' as an 'Old Men's Association', Sir - Many thanks for your really Wednesday 11 th November 1998 at 8pm because the members are no longer boys, excellent journal! Leo Baeck Hall, 11 Fitzjohn's Avenue, NW3 or worse an 'Old Girls Association' as an Macclesfield Mrs M Walter All welcome, entrance free 'Old Women's Association'? Cheshire AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

"tK\Kneports'' SH€LT€R€D HOUSING

The AJR and the Otto Schiff Housing KARD & GAMES KLUB OFF TO A GOOD START Association (OSHA) have reorganised arrangements for handling inquiries and applications for sheltered tenancies at Eleanor Rathbone House, Highgate, and Otto Schiff House, NW3. Both Houses are managed by OSHA. All inquiries or applications should in future be directed to the OSHA So­ cial Work Department on 0181 458 7792. There are presently a limited number of vacancies at Eleanor Rathbone House. The accommodation is in single bedsitting rooms with small kitchen and bathroom/WC. There is a waiting list for flats at Otto Schiff House. D JD Lightburn, General Manager, OSHA AJR members making friends and enjoying the new Kard & Games Klub's warm, Note from AjR: Katia Gould will continue relaxed atmosphere. Bridge, chess and kalooki have proved very popular and lunches to be available at the AJR office to any excellent. The K&G Klub meets every Monday (Jewish festivals excepted) from 9.30am to 3.30pm at 15 Cleve Road, NW6. Phone 0171 328 0208 to confirm your booking. member requiring general advice on sheltered housing. She will also condnue to manage the waiting list for AJR's eight shel­ were made to Rosemary Lewis, Chairman tered flats at Cleve Road,West Hampstead. First Ludwig Spiro of the House Committee of Osmond House and a member of the OSHA Coun­ Awards cil, and to Mike Allen, popular handyman courses. Allan Blacher, Otto Schiffs Chair­ he Ludwig Spiro Awards have been at Leo Baeck House. They were presen­ man, was pleased to present staff long introduced by the Otto Schiff ted by local MP, Dr Rudi Vis, in the service awards. THousing Association in honour of presence of residents, staff and guests in During the afternoon the assembled Mr Spiro's long and distinguished service the rose garden of Leo Baeck House. company were entertained with a delight' as Chairman of Heinrich Stahl House Ludwig Spiro responded with a witty and ful musical programme performed by ^ Committee and in recognition of his moving address. quartet drawn from the City of London dedication and immense contribution to Dr Vis praised the Association for its Sinfonia. The orchestra, which specially the welfare of all OSHA's residents. Two staff training programme and the high promotes the enjoyment and understan­ annual awards are to be made: one to a standards of its residential care. He then ding of music-making, has chosen the volunteer and the other to a member of presented National Vocational Qualifi­ Otto Schiff Housing Association to be staff. cation certificates to staff who had recipients of its community outreach pro­ The first two Ludwig Spiro Awards successfully completed the appropriate gramme. To be known as the L'Chaif^ Living Music Concerts, all of Otto Schiff* residents, tenants, .staff, volunteers, fami­ lies and friends will have the opportunity to hear informal performances over the coming three years and enjoy their thera­ peutic benefits. AJR members are al.so cordially invited to attend: this month's recitals will h"^ held on Wednesday 21st October in The Bishop's Avenue, N3, in Balint House a^ 10.30am, and in Leo Baeck House a' 11.45am. Please call Leanda Walters on 0181 209 0022 to reserve a place. URDC

Left: Volunteer Award tvinner Rosemary LeU'i^' right, shows her presentation shield lo residents !"i^ Lipshitz and .Mrs Kenton, seated. OSHA Chairniaf Allan Blacher and Dr Riidi Vis MP. AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

w i» iS( i?5i i?S( iA as ifti j?S( i?Si i?S( as >?fi i?S 1?^ 55 55 • VleM^PCint • 55 55 Madeleine Brook 55 m m Lest they forget 8! Bridge Evening 55 a Wednesday 25th November 1998 decade has now elapsed since general election from the Social Demo­ Supper 6.30 - 7.30pm the idea of a permanent mem­ crats' shadow Minister for Culture, Rubber Bridge 7.30- 10.30pm A orial to be erected in Berlin to backed by Kohl's SDP challenger the victims of the Holocaust was first Gerhard Schroder, brought a volte face Paul Balint AJR Day Centre mooted. A prime site in the city centre, from the Chancellor and his ally 55 l5CleveRoad,N'W6 3LR provided by Chancellor Kohl's Eberhard Diepgen, the Christian Demo­ 55 55 Government for the purpose, covers a crat Mayor of Berlin. Tickets at £ 16 to be purchased in advance: large area adjacent to the Brandenburg This displeased the country's Jewish m Please telephone Sylvia, Renee or Susie 55 55 55 Gate where Gestapo headquarters once community which viewed the delay as 55 on 017! 328 0208 55 55 55 stood, abutting a preserved remnant of at least undignified, but at worst as 55 >» tm A Kx A iO( 08 tnt nc tra tnt KS A )if)j A the Berlin Wall. holding danger of indefinite postpone­ A design competition was held, but ment. Should Kohl's l6-year term be such were the heightened feelings curtailed by the ballot box, the SDP aroused, particularly in the Jewish com­ could well abandon the project. munity, that both the winning entry The postwar Federal Republic of and the runner-up were abandoned. Germany has proved a model demo­ No doubt in a well-meaning attempt to cracy. Following reunification, Germany Enjoy seek a route out of this quagmire, four is re-established at the fulcrum of ^ Excellent food schemes were shortlisted in a more Europe's industry and commerce, its citi­ • Stimulating talk recent competition, one of which was zens doubtless anxious to return to their • Enlivening discussion subsequently withdrawn. Even the front- old capital, Berlin, and begin the new * Meeting new friends runner, a design submitted by Peter millennium with the twentieth century's AjR LUNCHEON CLUB Eisenmann and Richard Serra, which re­ slate wiped clean. Inevitably, a process quires the erection of a forest of to remove memory of the Holocaust will on Wednesday 21 st October at l5CleveRoad,NW6 3RL massive stone slabs, has failed to cap­ be set into action. The building of the I 1.45 for 12.1 Spm ture the public's imagination. Holocaust memorial will help retard this Chancellor Kohl pledged that a de­ process; it should remain at the heart of Guest speaker: Anton Felton sign would be selected in August this new Germany's capital as a witness and 'An Expert's view on year and built. However, criticism of a warning to generations yet unborn. Jewish Carpets' the project in the njn-up to Germany's n Ronald Channing Reservations (£8) from Sylvia, Renee and Susie Tel: 0171 328 0208 PAUL BALINT AJR DAY CENTRE 15 Cleve Road.West Hampstead, NW6 Mon. & Weds. 9.30am-3.30pm.Tues. 9.30am-5.30pm.Thurs. 9.30am-6.30pm. Suns. 2pm-6.30pm * Delicious 3-course kosher lunches * art classes * keep fit * bridge * games * optician * '* dentist '* chiropodist * library '* discussion group * shop * clothes sales * * advice on pensions & social security * outings & holidays * AJR'Drop in'Advice Centre * daily musical entertainment programme * at the Call Sylvia Matus - 0171 328 0208 Paul Balint AJR Day Centre Afternoon entertainment programme Mon 19 KARD & GAMES KLUB 15 Cleve Road, London NW6 3RL OCTOBER/NOVEMBER 1998 Tuc 20 Mark Rosen and Daphne Lewis between 10am and 12 noon on the Thur 1 Sylvia Eaves and Margaret Wed 21 LUNCHEON CLUB following dates: Eaves, piano Thur 22 Shidey Gurevitz and Anne CLOSED - EREV SUCCOT Wednesday 7 October Sun 4 Berryman, piano Mon 5 CLOSED - SUCCOT Thursday 15 October Sun 25 Leo-Marie Shearing, soprano Tue 6 CLOSED - SUCCOT Tuesday 20 October and Stephen Dickinson, piano Wed 7 The Geoffrey Whitworth Duo Wednesday 28 October Mon 26 KARD & GAMES KLUB Thur 8 Katinka Seiner, Laszk) Easton Thursday 5 October Tue 27 Abigail Gorton, soprano and and Peter Gellhorn, piano Sandra Smith, piano and every Thursday from Sun 11 CLOSED - EREV YOMTOV Wed 28 Ilya Ushakov, violin and Yaron 10am to 12 noon at: Mon 12 CLOSED - YOMTOV Shavit, piano AJR, I Hampstead Gate, la Frognal, Tue 13 CLOSED - SIMCHAT TORAH Thur 29 Marek Dahrowski. pi;in() and London NW3 6AL Wed 14 Francoice Geller and Margaret Amanda Palmer, .soprano Eaves, piano Sun 1 The Kentertainers No appointment is necessory, but please bring Thur 15 Lucy White and Juliet Davey Mon 2 KARD & GAMES KLUB along all relevant documents, such os Benefit Sun 18 Deborah Fink, .soprano and Tue 3 Geoffrey Strimi and Helen Blake Books, letters, bills, etc. Stephen Dickinson, piano Wed 4 Judith Silver AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

South Ruislip area, would FAMILY BOOKS ANNOUNCEMENTS benefit from a regular visit by a SHELTERED FLATS German-speaking person. Please PURCHASED Births contact Beryl Wohl on 0181 959 TO LET Pre-1950 Children's & 1217 or Fax 0181 906 3696. Morland. Claire (nee PLATT) Illustrated Books Attractive and Paul are delighted to Published in Germany, Russia, warden-controlled flats at announce the safe and healthy Day Centre Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary Eleanor Rathbone House arrival of Adam, a brother for Shirley Lever at the Paul Brian Mills: Books Highgate N6 Sonia and Juliet. First grandson Balint AJR Day Centre. Ne\\ 18 North Road, Glossop, for Janet and Michael Piatt, Clothes for Sale, dresses, under­ Derbys. SKI 3 9AS Details from: OSHA Wimbledo n and fifth grandson wear, cardigans etc. Thursday 8 Tel/Fax 01457-85 6878 Social Services Dept for Ingrid and Henry Morland, October, 9-45.- 11.45am. Tel: 0181 458 7792 Wembley. Societies Typewriters, etc. Deaths Association of Jewish Ex- Quality repairs & Stewart. Fred John Stewart died Berliners. Please contact Peter DIN DELIS HOUSE on 18 August 1998. Sadly missed Sinclair 0181 882 1638 for servicing Residential Care Home by his heartbroken wife Alice, information. Carried out by for Senior Citizens son Roger and nephew Tom. experienced engineer Religion highly honoured Gordon. Harold Gordon (Heinz Collections arranged Pleasant relaxed atmosphere Free quotations & details from: Gelb) born in Berlin 24 All single rooms with TV BRIDGE LESSONS Gordon Spencer, December 1916 died on 5 & telephone September 1998. Will be very Tel: 0181 445 1839 sadly missed by his sons, For information contact: daughters-in-law and grand­ 'KARD & Mrs HR Fearon Pennant children. SWITCH ON ELECTRICS Phone 0181 903 7592 GAMES KLUB' Fax 0181 903 4195 Reichmann. Dr Eva Reichmann 15 Cleve Road, NW6 Rewires and all household died 15 September at the age of electrical work. 101. A contemporary and friend If you are interested in PHONE PAUL: 0181-200 3518 of Rabbi Leo Baeck, she was learning to play Bridge BELSIZE SQUARE formerly Director of Research at please contact: APARTMENTS the Wiener Library. ALTERATIONS Sylvia, Renee or Susie 24 BELSIZE SQUARE, NW3 on 0171 328 0208 OF ANY KIND TO Tel: 0171-794 4307 or LADIES' FASHIONS ANNIVERSARIES 0171-435 2557 Golden Weddings I also design and make children's clothes Marx. The AJR extends its con­ MODERN SELF-CATERING HOLIDAY Optician West Hampstead area gratulations to Anne and Theo ROOMS, RESIDENT HOUSEKEEPER Dr Howard Solomons BSc FBCO 0171-328 6571 MODERATETERMS Marx on the occasion of their NEAR SWISS COTTAGE STATION golden wedding. Dental Surgeon Dr H Alan Shields Mayer. Harry and Irma Mayer & AJR INFORMATION TORRINGTON HOMES celebrated their golden wedding Chiropodist on 26 September. Mazeltov and is available on tape MRS. PRINGSHEIM, S.R.N. Trevor Goldman SRC MATRON love from Jackie, Malcolm, Robert If anyone would like to take For Elderly, Retired and Convalescent by appointment at and Susan, and grandchildren advantage of this service, (Licensed by Borough ot Barnet) The Paul Balint AjR Day Centre • Single and Double Rooms. Amy, Alex, Rachel, Patrick and please contact IS Cleve Road,West Hampstead, NW6 • H/C Basins and CH in all rooms. Angus. Mrs Irene White Please make appointments with • Gardens. TV and reading rooms. 0181-203 2733 • Nurse on duty 24 hours. Silver Wedding Sylvia Matus.Tel: 0171 328 0208 before 9am or after 6pm • Long and short term, including Kaufman. Best wishes from the trial period if required. AJR to Susie and Andrew Kauf­ AJR GROUP CONTACTS From £275 per week man on celebrating their silver Bournemouth Ralph Dale 0181-445 1171 Office hours wedding. 01202 762 270 ADVERTISEMENT RATES 0181 -455 1335 Other times Leeds HSFA: Heinz Skyte NORTH FINCHLEY CLASSIFIED FAMILY EVENTS 0113 268 5739 First 15 words free of charge, Miscellaneous Midlands: Edgar Glazer £2.00 per 5 words thereafter. 0121 777 6537 Residential Home Services North: Werner Lachs CLASSIFIED - £2.00 per five Clara Nehab House words. Manicure & Pedicure in the 0161 773 4091 (Leo Baeck Housing Associaton Ltd.) Nottingham: Bob Norton 13-19 Leeside Crescent NWII comfort of your own home. BOX NUMBERS - £3.00 extra. 01159 212 494 All rooms with Shower W.C. and Telephone 0181 343 0976. Pinner: Sheryl Smookler DISPLAY, SEARCH NOTICES per single column inch H/C Basins en-suite Odd job expert, honest, 0181 866 0185 Spacious Garden - Lounge & 65 mm (3 column page) £12.00 reliable, willing, anything!! S. London: Ken Ambrose Dining Room - Lift 0181 852 0262 48mm (4 column page) £10.00 (German speaking) 0181 346 Near Shops and Public Transport Surrey: Ernest Simon COPYDATE 5 weeks prior to 24 Hour Care - Physiotherapy 4047. 01737 643 900 publication Long & short Term - Respite Care Babysitting and respite care -Trial Periods available in the Swiss Cottage Enquiries: Josephine Woolf area. Tel: 0171 431 6001. AJR The AJR does not accept otto Schlft Housing Association Elderly Jewish (lady) Refugee. responsibility for the standard of The Bishops Avenue N2 OBG TehOni-431 6161 service rendered by advertisers Phone: 0181-209 0022 now in residential care in the

10 AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

bition that examines how the perception of speed has affected the producdon of art over this century. Brought together JACKMAN • are paintings and sculptures by visionary artists such as Sickert, Gabo, Delaunay, SILVERMAN Duchamp. Leger and Hamilton, as well COMMERCIAL PROPERTY CONSULTANTS as many contemporary artists. Photo­ profoundly moving exhibition, graphs, 3-D work and furniture are also Life? or Theatre? opens at the included. A Royal Academy on October 22 and D Barry Fealdman continues until January 17. On display are paintings in gouache by Charlotte 26 Conduit Street, London WIR 9TA Salomon, which, together with text and Telephone: 0171 409 0771 Fax: 0171 493 8017 musical allusions, form a dramatised account of her life, albeit fictionalised. Charlotte was born in Berlin in 1917. SB's Column When she was nine years old her mother CatMor Stephen Robins committed suicide and her father remar­ ayreuth. A memorial tablet to A new CD recording featuring a wide selection ried - to an opera singer, with whom she two Jewish Wagner singers and of Jewish melodies sung by Britain's outstanding had a troublesome relationship. Despite B Holocaust victims, contralto Ottilie Cantor with the Stephen Glass Singers being Jewish, she was able to study at Metzger (who sang there 1901 to 1912) the State Art Academy in Berlin between and soprano Henriette Gottlieb (1927- 'A Cdpelld Abstract' 1936 and 1938. She was much influenced 193O), was unveiled close to the Opera is available on CD at £ 12.99 by the artistic theories of a charismatic house in the presence of City and Festival & Cassette at £8.99+ £l P&P Cheques payable to:Jolion Productions musician, Alfred Wolfsohn, who became representatives. At the solemn ceremony PO Box 10206 London NW4 IWF her lover. In early 1939 Charlotte moved which Wolfgang Wagner attended tribute was also paid to conductor Hermann Levi's A donation will be made to the South of France to live with her to AJR for each item maternal grandparents. A year later her contribution to the Festival. (Please allow 28 days for delivery) grandmother committed suicide and A Song goes round the World. Sixty- Charlotte her.self contemplated suicide. five years ago when the Nazis started Instead, she produced over 780 small expelling all 'non-Aryan' artists, Joseph autobiographical paintings in the format Schmidt, possessor of a radiant tenor of a drama, which looks back on her voice, had reached the zenith of his ca­ Annely Juda Fine Art own life and tiines, combining fantasy reer with the film Ein Lied geht um die 23 Dering Street (off New Bond Street) with reality. The work survived, but Welt. He subsequently died in Switzer­ Tel: 0171-629 7578 Fax: 0171-491 2139 Charlotte did not. She died in Auschwitz land at the relatively young age of CONTEMPORARY PAINTING in 1943. Charlotte's extraordinary paint­ thirty-eight. AND SCULPTURE ings, nearly half of which are on display, Obituaries. Beriin-born Hermann Prey create a visual tension corresponding to who died aged 69, was a popular bari­ their emotional content. She used colour tone, equally at home in Munich, Vienna, and line to describe a p.sychological jotir- Salzburg and Bayreuth. Among the many GERMAN and ney compounded of despair, insecurity, operatic roles he made his own were loneliness and death. In giving her work Figaro, Beckmesser, Wolfram and the EIVGLISH BOOKS the title of Life? or Theatre? she called composer in Richard Strauss' Intermezzo. BOUGHT into question the very meaning of exis­ Prey sang at the Royal Opera House from Antiquarian, secondhand and tence - her own in particular, in the 1973 onwards and was Eisen.stein in the modern books of quality period of Nazi oppression. multilingual Fledermaiis in 1978. An ex­ always wanted. quisite lieder singer, he also performed in Picasso: Painter and Sculptor in We're long-standing advertisers Schubert and Schumann song cycles. Clay, also at the Royal Academy, focuses here and leading buyers of books on the artist's work in clay, which he cre­ Ventriloquist Shari Lewis who has died, from A)R members. dited in the South of France during the aged 65, had been born Phillis Hurwitz Immediate response to your letter in New York and became a popular last thirty years of his life. Picasso first or phone call. began working in ceramics in 1946 and entertainer. She attained fame by her We pay good prices and his remarkable power to create highly good looks and modest ways. Her charm­ come to collect. imaginative work in a fresh medium is ing puppet Lamb Chop' attracted both revealed in the exhibition. Some 175 children and adult audiences. Hungarian- Please contact: Unique pieces, most of them overwhelm­ born actress Eva Bartok has died in Robert Hornung IVIA(Oxon) ingly joyous in essence, are on view, London, aged 72. She appeared in many 2 Mount View, Ealing, together with a number of related draw­ films and achieved notoriety by several London W5 IPR Telephone 0181-998 0546 ings. Until December 16. marriages and divorces. One of her hus­ (5 pm to 9piii iii best) Speed, at the Whitechapel Art Gallery, bands was Curt Jiirgens and one of her Until November 22, is an innovative exhi­ lovers Frank Sinatra D

II — AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

IPCIETS'* CCICNICIK FORTHCOMING EVENTS - OCTOBER 1998

Sun 4 Pirasti Piano Trio play Mon 26 Single Refugees in 1940s Die Letzten Haydn, Beethoven & London: Marion Hamm, Wir sind die Letzten. Mendelssohn. Conway Hall, Research Institute for Fragt uns aus. 6.30pm, £4 German & Austrian Exile Wir sind zustandig. Thur 8 Ronnie Oren: Neve Shalom Studies. Club 43, 8pm Wir tragen den Zettelkasten village for Jews & Arabs in Tue 27 Dr Ulrike Walter-Jordan: mit den Steckbriefen unserer Freunde Israel. Pinner AJR, Pinner German refugee law^'ers' wie einen Bauchladen vor uns her. Synagogue, 2pm impact on British legal policy Forschungsinstitute bewerben sich Sun 11 Janacek String Quartet play towards Germany 1942-49- um Wiischerechnungen Verschollener. Haydn, Janacek & Dvorak. Sussex University, 5.15pm Museen bewahren die Stichworte unserer Conway Hall, 6.30pm, £4 November Agonie Thur 15 HL Markan JP: Work of a Sun 1 Arpeggione String Quartet wie Reliquien unter Glas auf. Councillor & Magistrate. play Mozart, Schmidt & Beethoven. Conway Hall, Wir, die wir unsere Zeit vertrodelten, South London AJR. Prentis 6.30pm, M aus begreiflichen Griinden, Road Synagogue, Streatham, 2pm Mon 2 A Second Brecht Evening sind zu Trodlern des Unbegreiflichen Sun 18 Contributions of German- (in English & German): geworden. Speaking Refugees to Devised by Ernst Flesch & Unser Schicksal steht unter Der\kmalschutz. British Culture & Public Hans Seelig. Club 43, Spm Unser bester Kunde ist das Life: Dr Ulrike Walton- Tue 3 German Cabaret's schlechte Gewissen der Nachwelt. Jordan, Leo Baeck Hall, 11 Response to National Greift zu, bedient euch, Fitzjohns Ave, NW3, at 3pm Socialism: Joanne McNally- Wir sind die Letzten. Sun 18 Jonathan Tunnell, cello, & Sussex University, 5.15pm Fragt uns aus. Belcea String Quartet play Wir sind zustandig. D Hans Sahl (1973) Mozan, Mykietyn & Schubert. ORGANISATION CONTACTS Conway Hall, 6.30pm, &4 Club '43, at Belsize Square Mon 19 Liibeck & the brothers Synagogue. Hans Seelig 01442 254 360 Song of the Fishes Thomas & Heinrich Mann: Wiener Library, 4 Devonshire Street, There's a Jewry-sized hole in the Dr Klaus Hinrich.sen, art London Wl. 0171 636 7247 hardland of Europe historian. Club 43, 8pm University of Sussex Centre for Do not read that as heart, for in lands Tue 20 Prof Edward Timms: Kafka, German-Jewish Studies. David roundabout Kraus & the Jewish Theatre. Groi-ser Tel/Fax: 01273 678 495 No such organ was known when they South London AJR. Ken Ambrose Sussex University, 5.15pm gouged out the hole. 0181 852 0262 Wed 21 City of London Sinfonia Dipping sharp steeltipped maws into soft Pinner AJR, Pinner Synagogue, 1 living tissue recital, Balint House, Cecil Park, Middx. Tel: 0181 866 0185 Bishops Ave N3, 10.30, & or 4833 Those who peer from the edge of the Leo Baeck House 11.45 City of London Sinfonia recitals. Jewry-sized hole Sun 25 Nicholas Rodwell, clarinet, Leanda Walters 0181 209 0022 Into dizzying depths may make out an & Elesco String Trio play South Place Sunday Concerts, Atlantis Schubert, Bach, Goldschmidt Conway Hall, Red Lion Square, On the bed of a restlessly heaving salt & Beethoven, Conway Hall, Holborn, WCl. Details from Lionel ocean 6.30pm, £4 Elton, tel: 01494 726 106 Fed by tear-swollen rivers forever in spate At times, though, the huge coastless sea lies becalmed University of Sussex And ears finely tuned to the song of the Centre for German-Jewish Studies fishes HYPHEN (A song with a verse for each deluge Cataloguer (fixed term) 50th Anniversary Reunion since Noah's) required to work on the Arnold Daghani Pick up sounds given off by the drowned Collection of artistic and commemorative Refreshments and gossip land below works by a Holocaust survivor Six months full time or one year part time, beginning in Sunday ISth November 3-6pm Then is heard chaffering, scolding, January 1999. Salary scale £I5,735-£I8,275 11 Fitzjohn's Avenue disputing and laughter, pro rata, depending on qualifications. London NW3 Golden-voiced cantors outsoar synagogue (Closing date 31 Oct 98). choirs Reservations (£4) by 30th October Bochers sussurate like bees, chanting Further details from The Director, Centre from CTeddern snatches of Talmud for German-Jewish Studies, University of 33 Manor Close, London NW9 9HD And deft-fingered klezmers whip up Sussex, Brighton BNI 9QN.Tel/Fax: 01273 storms of kozatzkes. 678495. Tel: 0181 204 7484 D Richard Grunberger (1998)

12 AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

Kristallnacht, 60th anniversary commemorations Wiener Library & Israel Judaica Stamp Club On Kristallnacht - 9th November 1938 - Nazis mobs in Germany and Austria destroyed 267 synagogues, vandalised Jewish homes, ransacked 7,000 Jewish 60th Anniversary businesses, imprisoned 30,000 Jews in concentration camps and murdered 31 of Kristallnacht others, thereby removing any remaining doubt as to Hitler's ultimate intentions. ^^ o mark the sixtieth anniversary of William Kaczynski The 60th Anniversary Kristallnacht 'Unique Holocaust Mail' Kristallnacht two special com­ Commemorative Concert, at the Wigmore and memorative events are being Hall, London, on Sunday November 8th, Freddie Knoller presented in London by the Second commences at Spm. Seats are available at 'Personal Experiences' Generation Trust on November 8th at the £15 to £30 from the Box Office, teh 0171 Wigmore Hall, and by the Tolerance 935 2141. For best seats and a post-concert Monday 9th November 7.30pm Educational Trust on November 9th at the reception, at £50, call 0171 624 5542. For Please book on 0171 636 7247 Harrow Arts Centre. the pre-concert lecture at 2pm, tickets are The Second Generation Trust are pre­ £5 (£3 concessions), teh 0171 935 2141. senting a 60th Anniversary Concert in The British Academy association with Amnesty International. and German sculptor Horst Hoheisel de­ invites AJR members to the The date also marks the 50th Anniversary scribing their Holocaust-related work. of the Universal Declaration of Human The Tolerance Educational Trust's Thankyou Britain Lecture 1998 Rights whose thirty basic rights were a di­ commemorative event at the Harrow Arts given by rect response to the Holocaust's Centre, is entitled Reflections on AB Atkinson FBA, inhumanities. Kristallnacht for Today & Tomorrow. Nuffield College, Oxford It is intended not only to recall those on devastating events, but also to explore the significance of the lack of reaction 'Poverty, Social Exclusion from both ordinary Germans and the out­ & the British Empirical side world. Rabbi John Rayner and Anita Lasker Traaition' Wallfisch share their personal experiences Thursday 22 October at 5.30pm of Kristallnacht, while Stephen Smith, The British Academy, founder and director of the Holocaust \ 0 Carlton House Terrace, SW I Memorial Centre in Nottinghamshire, evaluates Kristallnacht's significance for Chairman: Sir Tony Wrigley, President of the Academy today's multi-cultural society. Survivor Lotte Kramer reads from her poetry. Entrance by ticket only: Raphael Wallfisch, cello, and Benjamin Tel:Assistant Secretary 0171 969 5264 Wallfisch, piano, play a selected pro­ gramme, and the Jewish Heritage Youth Choir sing additional musical interludes Israeli-born bass baritone Gidon Saks in Hebrew and English. PRIVATE PROPERTY An impressive array of participating Vii POLAND artistes, introduced by Anita Lasker Wall­ fisch, present a programme chosen by Act Now the performers themselves. Delia Jones The Polish Government & sings Handel & Purcell accompanied by Local Authorities are only now assuming l^aul Daniel, piano; Joan Rogers sings control of'abandoned' private property Strauss, Gidon Saks - Verdi & Eisler, Sally By registering your entidement you may Burgess - Bernstein, Gershwin, Sondheim save your family property. & Weill, Raphael Wallfisch plays Ravel & For further information contact: l^achmaninov, and Juliet Stevenson reads Michael Storfer FCA, PP Claims Ltd, texts by WH Auden & Primo Levi. Among 19-21 Hatton Garden, '"nany distinguished guests present for the London EC IN 8BA Occasion will be Lord Dubs, Oona King Tel:OI7l 430 1581 Fax:OI7l 404 5355 MP and the Ambassadors of Germany Anita Lasker Waltfisch and Austria. An illustrated pre-concert talk, given by 'Reflections on Kristallnacht for Today & THE MAURITIUS SHEKEL Dr Christian Staffa, on the history of Tomorrou)', on Monday 9th November, at the This book by Genevidve Pilot, reviewed Holocaust memorials - including the con­ Harrow Arts Centre, Uxbridge Road, Hatch under the heading 1940s Odyssey End, Middlesex, commences at 7.30pm. For troversial Berlin Memorial - commences (September issue, p4) is obtainable from reservations, at £8 plus concessions, call at 2pm in the Wigmore Hall and is fol­ the Box Office on 0181 428 0124. selected bookshops or Walter Elkan (0171 lowed by New York artist Melissa Gould 624 5102) at £9.99 per copy.

13 AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

1 thinly sliced leek ^ Cooking with Gretel Beer 1 large carrot cut into small dice 1 thick slice celeriac, diced Companions 1 large onion, finely chopped of London 1 crushed garlic clove Incorporating 3-4 skirmed, diced tomatoes \ Hampstead Home Care salt A long established company pinch of sugar providing care in your home 1 dessert spoon each of chopped marjoram, basil and lovage * Assistance with personal care pinch of chopped thyme * General household duties -k Respite care Deseed and dice the green and red * Medical appointment service pepper. Heat the olive oil in a thick saucepan, add the leek, carrot, celeriac, OUR CARE IS YOUR CARE' onion, peppers and crushed garlic. Sim­ 0171 483 0212/0213 Spiced vegetable sauce mer gently, stirring constantly, until the vegetables are tender. If necessary, add a plendid for pasta of all kinds, but also little water - or a dash of white wine - very good as an accompaniment to just enough to prevent burning. Now add SPRING Shot or cold meat - and you can vary the skinned and diced tomatoes - choose the vegetables according to taste and the large, irregular shaped ones for better GROVE availability. flavour - salt and a good pinch of sugar, 214 Finchley Road 1 green pepper plus the chopped herbs. Simmer very London NW3 1 red pepper gently until the tomatoes are just cooked London's Most Luxurious 2 tablespoons olive oil - no more D RETIREMENT HOME •* Entertainment-Activities * Stress Free Living * 24 Hour Staffing SEARCH NOTICES * Excellent Cuisine •*• Full En-Suite Facilities Dr Max Weissler of Danzig, communal Use & Leise Broil, born Vienna 1924 & Call for more information figure and amateur musician,'died' 1933, re­ 1926, came to England in 1938. Father, Alfred, or a personal tour portedly shot by Nazi officer who was a was nurse in London teaching hospital. Use 0181-446 2117 patient. Daughter and only child Inga seeks may have married Dr Honey in Australia. more information on the fate of her late Cousin seeks whereabouts. Sue Eldridge, or 0171-794 4455 father and his place of burial.Any information 105-727 Richmond Road, Ottawa, ON, to Mrs Inga Sinigaglia, 29a Eccleston Road, Canada K2A 0G6. Ealing, London Wl 3 ORA.Tel: 0181 840 2344. Schwet Jend, born Budapest 5.9.1902. Last Hilary's Care Agency Walter Lewy-Lingen aka Landon, born heard of at Matthausen after liberation, May ca 1920, son of Richard (a German judge) and 1945. Schwet Jeno-ne, born Anna Vertes HIGH QUAUTY HOMECARE Marie Gertrude, who died in Germany Came (known as NusI) on 5.5.1909 in Budapest. FORTHE ELDERLY AND DISABLED to England on Kindertransport. Killed in Separated from her only son on arrival at f^ CARERS ^COMPANIONS action at Battle of Arnhem, Sept 1944, Ravensbruck, 1944. Anyone recalling them or * HOUSEKEEPERS with 21st Independent Para Company and their last days please contact Thomas Sinclair, * DOMESTICS buried at Oosterbeek military cemetery un­ 5 Esther Close, London N2I I AW. Tel: 0181 der a headstone cross. Surviving reladves or 360 8791. Flexible service tailored to your needs friends who may have known Walter or his Daily & Live-in -1-24 hours - 7 days a week Gertrude Chambre-Goldsmith and her family are asked to confirm his Jewish origins daughters Hildegard and Charlotte, COVERING NORTH <£ NORTH WEST LONDON, to ensure grave is marked with a Star of EAST LONDON <£ ESSEX lived at 108 Grenfell Road, Maidenhead, David. Please contact Martin Sugarman,AJEX Berks, some 45 years ago. 90-year-old cousin Jewish Military Museum, East Bank, Stamford 0181 559 niO Franzi Wesly of Maastricht, Neths, wishes to Hill, London N16 5RT locate them or relatives. Please write to Max Kracke, merchant, of 25 Goswell Road daughter Leni Wesly (Fortus), POB 650, London ECl. Last heard of in 1933 at 28 St 44160 Kfar Sava, Israel. Fax: 972 9740 0594. Simon P. Rhodes M.Ch.S. Bride Street. He or his heirs invited to con­ STATE REGISTERED CHIROPODIST Kindertransport documentary film­ tact Katrin Schumann of Claims Conference Surgeries at: makers, Los Angeles. Seeking Individual re dispossessed East German property at stories; also photos, diaries, letters, im­ 67 Kilburn High Road, NW6 (opp M&S) Brunnenstr. 181. 10119. Berlin. Fax: 0049 302 Telephone 0171-624 1576 migration papers, passports, etc. and 830 5333. documentation of British citizen's participa­ 3 Queens Close (off Green Lane) Edgware, Middx HAS 7PU Kurt Stein, last known in Loughton, Essex tion. Contact: Cayce Callaway, 8384 Yucca Telephone 0181-905 3264 ca 1945. Family member seeking further infor­ Trail, Los Angeles, CA 90046. Tel: (323) 654 mation. Call 01242 529100. 8122. Fax: (323) 654 6154. Visiting chiropody service available

14 AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

quests both for more and for less of such Munster's unloved SECOND articles. memorial Finally in this brief overview, there are GENERATION accounts of what members of the second generation are doing as a response to PERSPECTIVES their peculiar family history. Wallowing in n the July issue, Ronald Channing and self-pity is not a frequent choice! They Bea Green gave their accounts and write, some professionally, as Anne Karpf I views of two lectures, by Anne Karpf has done, or some in their group news­ and Katherine Klinger, which formed part letter. Many work in the caring of the recent Generations series at the professions, finding their own under­ Wiener Library. standing of loss deepening their empathy Bea Green asks: Given that most sec­ with their clients. ond generation members live materially Many of the second generation have Miinster Jews' Holocaust memorial resiled in n comfortable lives, "do they (the second thus found their own ways to honour Hamburg park. generation) want to suffer? Is it part of and memorialise family members who merican artist Sol LeWitt's mem­ the human condition to seek out prob­ suffered during and after the Holocaust orial Black Form, dedicated to the lems?" and also to celebrate the achievements of A missing Jews of Munster, was These are without doubt important their parents. conceived for, and placed right in front questions and raise many complex issues. We cannot expect the eyewitness gen­ of, the mock-baroque Munster Palace. Many further questions could also be eration to understand our many-faceted Part of Germany's Skulptur Projekte '87, it asked. Why are there flourishing second perspective. The generation gap in our Consists of a large, black rectangular generation groups worldwide? Why have families can often be particularly wide, block, some six feet square and eighteen two national conferences in Britain (org­ stretching as it does not merely across the feet long, without an inscription of any anised by Link) attracted hundreds of difference of age, but also across parental kind. It was just there, in the way, second generation members? Why has experience of perhaps indescribable trau­ inescapable - but that was its point. the Association of Children of Jetvish mas and of cultural difference. People approaching this magnificent Refugees continued to thrive for over 10 Our aim and need is to give expression palace see this large, unmarked, black years? Why has a new national organisa­ to our perspective, to share it with our object. Tourists puzzle over its appear­ tion for the second generation, the Second peers and in doing so, move forward ance in their holiday snaps. But it raises Generation Network, been formed during with a deeper self-understanding. In this questions that call for an answer. 1997? Why does the number of subscrib­ way, the next generation can benefit This is a memorial which worked, both ers to the Network and its newsletter. from our and their, enriched sense of in itself and its location. Yet it found litde Second Generation Voices, continue to identity. favour in Munster. They called it a 'black grow? Why are new, local second gene­ Anyone (particularly second generation hlight' which spoiled the site's aesthetic ration groups emerging all over the members!) who would like to know more integrity, as well as making it harder for country? Why do more than 600 people about the Second Generation Network cars to turn around! Within a year it was attend the public meetings organised by and related organisations and is inter­ demolished. the Second Generation Trust? ested to receive the newsletter Secotid It found a new home in Hamburg's Here are three possible answers to be­ Generation Voices can write to: Second Altona di.strict, in front of the town hall. gin with. A recent survey of Second Generation Network, PO Box 14205, There it still stands, between an orna­ Generation Voices readers revealed that London NW3 4WZ. D Barbara Dorrity mental fountain and a main road, hedged articles about 'journeys of self-discovery', in with privet, quite unremarked and no that is, personal histories, are by far the longer in anybody's way. most popular. Writers often describe ac­ 50 YEARS AGO D Sue Monsell tual journeys to the places where their parent(s) grew up and where other rela­ COUNT BERNADOTTE Sue Monsell is an expert on, and cataloguer of, tives perished. Here, then, is one clue: European Holocaust memorials. World War II Count Folke Bernadotte, who was assasinated in Je­ the search for identity and some integra­ rusalem, had merited the respect and gratefulness architectural structures and concrete fortifications. tion with one's family history; these of the Jewish people long before he took up his fa.scinate writers and readers alike. thankless task as a mediator in the Palestine con­ flict. As President of the Swedish Red Cross, he Errata Next, the psychological effects of being rescued in 1943 and 1944 large numbers of Danish the child of a refugee from, or survivor and Hungarian Jews from concentration camps of Apologies for misprints in the September the Nazis in Germany. He undertook these mis­ of, the Holocaust is an increasingly re­ sions with no consideration to his own safety as a issue, especially calling the profilee searched subject; internationally this issue humanitarian who believed in the sanctity of human Annie Reichel Cp2) instead of Reich. is treated with respect and .some links are life and in the solution of problems by negotiation and not by force. Also there were two factual errors relat­ also beginning to be made with the trans- It was this belief which made him accept the of­ ing to Virginia Woolf (p5)- It was Leonard generational effects of other traumas. fice of mediator in Palestine. Not for the first time ^oolf's grandfather who had been a Here, second generation writers and in history have men who had dedicated themselves tailor and his mother who had not been readers have so far responded in two to the struggle against violence, fallen victim to that invited to the son's wedding D which they fought D ways: with fascination or rejection, so AjR Information. October 1948 Second Generation Voices receives re­

15 AJR INFORMATION OCTOBER 1998

tioning aspects of the Final Soludon; Prof NEWSROUND Holocaust experts Christine King recalling the bravery of enlighten Beth Shalom's non-Jewish victims; and Ephraim Kaye Crosses at Auschwitz discussing the selection and use of the Polish President Aleksander Kwasniewski has first graduate institute broad range of educational resources now called for the removal of crosses erected by available. righrwing Catholic extremists and antisemites ewish and non-Jewish teachers of Powerful and moving contributions adjacent to the Auschwitz death camp. were made by a number of survivors: However, he believed that the 23ft cross Holocaust studies and graduate students under which Pope John Paul II prayed in gathered at Beth Shalom Holocaust Esther Brunstein living through the liqui­ 1979 should remain in place. JMemorial Centre in Nottinghamshire to dation of the Lodz ghetto, Ben Helfgott take part in its graduate institute's first discussing Holocaust denial and anti­ Slave labourers' legal action seminar and to hear contributions from semitism. Jack Kagan on joining the Former slave labourers in Germany, now authorities and survivors on many aspects partisans in occupied Poland, Prof Felix living in America, are suing German of Holocaust history and education. The Scharf talking on the fate of the Jews of companies for compensation in New York sixty participants were virtually twice the Crakow, AJR member Lisa Vincent recall­ and New Jersey courts. The companies numbers originally anticipated by Dr ing the end of her childhood in include Audi, BMW, Daimler-Benz, Krupp James Smith who organised the week- Nuremberg, and Anita Wallfisch surviving and Siemens as well as Volkswagen who have pronounced themselves ready to offer long seminar. as a member of the Auschwitz camp survivors a £7.5 million restitution fund. SDP orchestra. leader Gerhard Schroder supported such Beth Shalom Director Stephen Smith, restitution as, at the least, a moral obligation. who presented an historical analysis of antisemitism, said that the seminar set out Combatting Internet racism to investigate the history of the Holocaust Home Secretary Jack Straw revealed to the and to explore its application in edu­ Board of Deputies that the National Criminal cational environments. Several of the Intelligence Service would be identifying sources of racist and threatening material teachers taught in deprived areas and published on the Internet. Other governments and relevant authorities would be alerted to initiate the prosecution of orginators. The Government remained reluctant to make Holocaust denial a criminal offence. Austria's Jewish-owned artworks Legislation introduced by Austria's Minister of Culture, for the return of stolen works of an discovered in state museums, may be enacted this month. A leaked report suggested these could run into thousands. Two paintings on Esther Brunstein loan in New York were re-claimed by victims of the Nazis. A highly comprehensive and intensive programme was prepared and jointly org­ Allies end gold commission anised by Beth Shalom and Yad Vashem's The Tripartite Gold Commission, set up by the US, Britain and France in 1946 to return International School for Holocaust Studies gold stolen by the Germans in WWII to their in Jerusalem whose Director of Education, rightful owners, has been wound up. The Ephraim Kaye, took an active role in the conference held in London last December seminar. The Yad Vashem Committee of Ben Helfgott and Hpbruiin Kay addressed the final disbursement of the British Board of Deputies also gave remaining reserves and offered additional its co-operation. their work in the classroom was key i" help to low-income Holocaust survivors. Prof Aubrey Newman of Leicester Uni­ combatting denial, racism and bigotry. He Air time versity opened the proceedings with a anticipated that future seminars would comprehensive overview of the Holocaust similarly play a crucial pan in furthering AJR Chief Executive Michael Radbil and AJR Information correspondent Ronald Channing in its historical context. Among other Holocaust education. are becoming regular broadcasters on distinguished lecturers who followed Stephen Smith pledged that Beth Shalom Spectrum Jewish Radio (558 MW). During during the week were Dr Rolf Wolfswinkel was prepared to develop both facilities one-hour reviews of the news, immediate of Cape Town University on the devel­ and resources for lecturers and teachers responses are called for to presenter Richard opment and implementation of Nazi who wished to enhance their own pet" Ford's questions and telephoned comments. ideology; Dr Tony Kushner of South­ sonal knowledge and competency. This ampton University discussing victims, Holocaust institute seminar hud certainly 'J' for German Jews perpetrators, bystanders and resistance; Dr explored many historical aspects and Stamping Jcvtish pas.sports with the letter J' Isabel WoUa-ston of Birmingham University brought to the fore important questions to identify Jews and prevent their entry into illustrating film of the Holocaust; Dr Jo Switzerland, was the idea of Nazi Germany of morality for succeeding generations of and not the Swiss, according to Switzerland's Reilly of the Wiener Library analysing the students to ponder. Beobachter Magazine. D RDC camp system; Dr Ronnie Landau ques­ n Ronald Channing

Published by the Association of Jewish Refugees in Great Britain, I Hampstead Gate. IA Frognal, London NW3 6AL Tel: 0171 -431 6161 Fax: 0171 -431 8454 Printed in Great Britain by Freedman Brothers (Printers) Ud. London NW 11 7QB. Tel: 0181 -458 3220 Fax: 0181 -455 6860