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100 Most Endangered Sites 2000 (Listed Alphabetically by Country)

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100 Most Endangered Sites 2000 (Listed Alphabetically by Country) MOST ENDANGERED SITES 1 r 1 »' 200JJX *,:- 0.-.. ."Mj\- "-'i'' g-'l'»' ÜO ONE HUNDRED MOST ENDANGERED SITES 2000 '.tuyiEBic&Mi A World Monuments Fund program. Founding sponsor, American Express Company. ^gjRESS ince 1965, the World Monuments BOARD OF TRUSTEES WMF AFFILIATES Fund has worked to safeguard the Sheritage of mankind by encourag­ Chairman WORLD MONUMENTS ing the conservation and preservation of Marilyn Perry FUND FRANCE culturally and historically significant Bertrand du Vignand works of art and architecture worldwide. Vice Chairman and Chairman WMF works with public and private-sec­ Treasurer tor partners to provide financial and tech­ Robert W. Wilson ASSOCIAZIONE nical support for project planning and COMITATO management. Today, with affiliates estab­ Vice Chairman ITALIANO lished in Europe—in Britain, France, H. Peter Stern Count Paolo Marzotto Italy, Portugal, and Spain—the World Chairman Monuments Fund sponsors an ongoing Vice Chairman and program for the conservation of cultural Chairman, Jewish ASSOCiAgAo heritage worldwide. WMF promotes the Heritage Program WORLD MONUMENTS use of monuments and sites as focal Hon. Ronald S. Lauder FUND (PORTUGAL) points for responsible development pro­ Paulo Lowndes Secretary and General grams, which guarantee the preservation Marques Counsel of the sites and their productive commu­ Chairman nity roles. The World Monuments Watch, Robert J. Geniesse a global program launched in 1995 on the WORLD MONUMENTS occasion of the 30th anniversary of the TRUSTEES FUND ESPAÑA World Monuments Fund, aims to call Paul Beirne Juan Carlos Fierro public attention to critically imperiled J. Carter Brown Chairman cultural heritage sites and direct timely WL. Lyons Brown, Jr. financial support to their preservation. Bonnie Burnham WORLD MONUMENTS Mica Ertegun FUND IN BRITAIN Copyright © 1999 World Monuments Fund Patricia Falk The Rt. Hon. All rights reserved. Louise Grunwald The Viscount Norwich World Monuments Fund Ashton Hawkins 949 Park Avenue Chairman Prince Amyn Aga Khan New York, NY 10028 Peter Kimmelman Phone:212-517-9367 Fax:212-517-9494 Jonathan S. Linen www.worldmonuments.org Lois de Ménil Samuel C. Miller ISBN 1-890879-08-8 Peter M.F. Sichel Gayfryd Steinberg Designed by Jessica Weber Design, Inc., NY Bertrand du Vignaud Printed in Hong Kong by Wescan Color Paolo Viti Cover Photo: Giraffe Rock Art Site, Niger. Detail of a Nancy Wellin scene featuring two life-size giraffes, engraved into a rocky outcrop around the 6th millennium B.C. Photo Courtesy of the Trust for African Rock Art (TARA), an organization dedicated to the documentation, preservation, and protec­ tion of Africa's rock art. 4 Acknowledgments 5 From the Chairman Dr. Marilyn Perry, Chairman, World Monuments Fund b Why Preservation Matters to Us Harvey Golub, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, American Express Company 7 Foreword Bonnie Burnham, President, World Monuments Fund 9 1997 Selection Panel and Major Donors to the World Monuments Watch Program IO List of 100 Most Endangered Sites 2000 (listed alphabetically by country) 40 Site Map 42 Key to Site Map 43 List of 100 Most Endangered Sites 2000 (continued) 64 Progress Report: Previously Listed Sites 84 List of 100 Most Endangered Sites 1996 85 List of 100 Most Endangered Sites 1998 86 World Monuments Fund Directory 87 World Monuments Watch Program Guidelines and Schedule 88 Photo Credits The World Monuments Watch program is the product of an active collaboration between World Monuments Fund and founding sponsor American Express Company, as well as with many organizations and experts in the field. WMF is extremely grateful to the many individuals and groups that have cooperated to make this work possible. The WMF Board of Trustees has steadfastedly championed the program—especially its Chairman, Dr. Marilyn Perry, and Vice Chairmen, Ronald S. Lauder, H. Peter Stern, and Robert W Wilson, who have all made generous financial commitments to World Monuments Watch sites. American Express as a whole has embraced the World Monuments Watch program. WMF thanks Chairman and CEO Harvey Golub and Vice Chairman Jon Linen, a member of the WMF board; all the members of the annual American Express grants panel; Jim Cracchiolo, President of Travel Related Service International, and American Express managers worldwide for their support of individual World Monuments Watch projects; Beth Salerno, Connie Higginson, Anne Wickham, Priscilla Lee, and Yangchen Nyandak of the Philanthropic Program, and Nancy Muller of American Express Public Affairs. Special thanks are owed to Ed Kelly, Publisher, and Patricia Girty and Jennifer Kreshtool of Travel & Leisure magazine. WMF thanks the members of the selection panel for the 2000 List ofTOO (listed on page 9). In addition, the fol­ lowing advisors, experts from around the world, enhanced the selection process by evaluating nominations to the current endangered list: Ramón Bonfil Castro, ICOMOS Mexicano; William Brumfield, Tulane University; David Bull, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC; William Chapman, University of Hawaii at Manoa; Jeffrey Cody, The Chinese University in Hong Kong; Christina Dias, Ministerio da Cultura, Brazil; Hans Dorn, International Federation of Landscape Architecture; Vitaly Gevorkian, Architect, Washington, DC; Oleg Grabar, Princeton University; Puay-peng Ho, The Chinese University in Hong Kong; Corneille Jest, Boulogne, France; Carol Krinsky, New York University; Martin Lerner, Metropolitan Museum of Art; Lucy der Manuelian, Tufts University; Elias Mujica, CONDESAN, Peru; Sylvio Mutal, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Colin Pearson, Cultural Heritage Research Centre, Australia; Jan H. Pokorny, Architect, New York; Theodore Prudon, Architect, New York; Nasser Rabbat, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Gionata Rizzi, Architect, Milan; Frank Sanchis, National Trust for Historic Preservation; Ann Webster Smith, ICOMOS; Herman van Hooff, UNESCO World Heritage Centre; Hiram Woodward, Walters Art Gallery; Phyllis Madeline Wright, Scholar, Special thanks go to the following expert participants on prior World Monuments Watch selection panels, who continue to generously lend their expertise to WMF: Gustavo Araoz, US/ICOMOS; Lester Borley, Former Secretary General of Europa Nostra; Vishakha Desai, The Asia Society; Dr. Mechtild Róssler, UNESCO World Heritage Centre; Giora Solar, The Getty Conservation Institute; James Wiseman, Boston University. Writer David Masello audited the selection panel proceedings and prepared the catalogue entries for the new List of 100 and the brief status reports on the sites listed in 1996 and 1998. An indispensable cadre of interns and volunteers assisted in developing and distributing program materials, enter­ ing site nomination applications on the World Monuments Watch database, and proofreading the catalogue text: Maeve de la Soudiére Gerety, Leslie Johnston-Barton, Sebastian Keneas, Julianne Polanco, Erwan Pouchous, Dana Procaccino, and Frederick Winship. Translation services were provided by the Spanish Institute, New York, NY; Joel Brody; WMF France; and the Comitato Italiano WMF. Copy editing services were provided by Mario Mercado. The World Monuments Fund is a staff-wide activity carried out worldwide. All the employees of the organization are involved, and many have worked especially hard to coordinate this effort and contribute to its quality, especially: Rebecca Anderson, Jon Caíame, Isabelle de Broglie, Stephen Eddy, Bill Fischer, Martha Flach, Felicia Mayro, Nicole Nichols, Chris Northrup, Johnette Pride, Lynsey Rowe, Kirstin Sechler, and Carla Toffolo. ankind's passage through history—a topic siastically travel to faraway places to present their of great relevance on the eve of the mil­ grants, generating invaluable publicity and good will. Mlennium—is memorialized in the ancient Similarly important are the pioneering challenge ruins, the sacred and secular buildings, the townscapes grants instituted by WMF's Vice Chairman Robert W and cityscapes, the monuments and gardens and cul­ Wilson, who believes that individuals, corporations, tural landscapes that survive from the past. Yet these and governments throughout the world should recip­ timeworn remains, if lost, are irreplaceable. The World rocate WMF's support for their cultural treasures. The Monuments Watch was established to aid their sur­ Wilson Challenge for Conserving our Heritage pro­ vival. Collectively, the Watch list catalogues the crises vides major funding to selected sites when non-U.S. confronting our heritage, on every continent and in donors match the grants. To date, he has given $3 mil­ every country. Singly, however, the list also indicates lion in grants for Watch projects, has helped to estab­ how each site can still be saved, and this element lish a partnership with the Aga Khan Trust for of hope accounts for the success of the program. Culture, and has elicited matching support from such Spotlighting 100 sites that have been neglected, mal­ countries as Austria, Chile, the Czech Republic, India, treated, and generally undervalued, the Watch raises Italy, Mexico, and the United Kingdom. each one to new international prominence. This in Other partners focus on specific areas of interest. turn heartens the local sponsors and encourages com­ The Samuel H. Kress Foundation, where I serve as munity action and involvement. In this atmosphere president, made a special gift of $600,000 to develop of heightened awareness, even a small grant from the conservation guidelines for Pompeii, a site so gravely World
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