Of Warmongers, Fake News and the Deep State
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Examples of Iraq and Syria
BearWorks MSU Graduate Theses Fall 2017 The Unraveling of the Nation-State in the Middle East: Examples of Iraq and Syria Zachary Kielp Missouri State University, [email protected] As with any intellectual project, the content and views expressed in this thesis may be considered objectionable by some readers. However, this student-scholar’s work has been judged to have academic value by the student’s thesis committee members trained in the discipline. The content and views expressed in this thesis are those of the student-scholar and are not endorsed by Missouri State University, its Graduate College, or its employees. Follow this and additional works at: https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses Part of the International Relations Commons, and the Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons Recommended Citation Kielp, Zachary, "The Unraveling of the Nation-State in the Middle East: Examples of Iraq and Syria" (2017). MSU Graduate Theses. 3225. https://bearworks.missouristate.edu/theses/3225 This article or document was made available through BearWorks, the institutional repository of Missouri State University. The work contained in it may be protected by copyright and require permission of the copyright holder for reuse or redistribution. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE UNRAVELING OF THE NATION-STATE IN THE MIDDLE EAST: EXAMPLES OF IRAQ AND SYRIA A Masters Thesis Presented to The Graduate College of Missouri State University TEMPLATE In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science, Defense and Strategic Studies By Zachary Kielp December 2017 Copyright 2017 by Zachary Kielp ii THE UNRAVELING OF THE NATION-STATE IN THE MIDDLE EAST: EXAMPLES OF IRAQ AND SYRIA Defense and Strategic Studies Missouri State University, December 2017 Master of Science Zachary Kielp ABSTRACT After the carnage of World War One and the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire a new form of political organization was brought to the Middle East, the Nation-State. -
An Uncertain Homecoming Views of Syrian Refugees in Jordan on Return, Justice, and Coexistence
An Uncertain Homecoming Views of Syrian Refugees in Jordan on Return, Justice, and Coexistence INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR TRANSITIONAL JUSTICE An Uncertain Homecoming Views of Syrian Refugees in Jordan on Return, Justice, and Coexistence RESEARCH REPORT Acknowledgments The International Center for Transitional Justice (ICTJ) acknowledges the support of the UK Department for International Development, which funded this research and publication. ICTJ and the authors of the report also gratefully acknowledge all of those who generously gave their time to be interviewed for this report and contributed their experiences and insights. About the Authors Cilina Nasser wrote sections V through XII of this report and led the development of the Introduction and Recommendations. Nasser is a Beirut-based independent researcher and expert on human rights who also works on transitional justice issues. She has worked extensively on investigating human rights abuses and violations of international humanitarian law, primarily in Syria, but also in other countries in the Middle East and North Africa region, such as Yemen, Libya, and Saudi Arabia. She was a researcher at Amnesty International focusing on countries in crisis and conflict from 2009 to 2015 and, before that, a journalist who covered major events in Lebanon. Zeina Jallad Charpentier wrote sections III, XIII, and XIV of this report. Jallad Charpentier is a legal consultant, researcher, and lecturer in law, whose work focuses on the intersection between international law, human rights law, social mobility, access to justice and resilience of disenfranchised populations, refugees, and impact litigation. She has worked in the United States, Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, and Turkey. -
The Noble Sanctuary: Interpreting Islamic Traditions of Asylum in the Contemporary World
The Noble Sanctuary: Interpreting Islamic Traditions of Asylum in the Contemporary World TAHIR ZAMAN A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the School of Law & Social Sciences, University of East London for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy September 2012 i Abstract This study aims at deepening understanding of religion in the social and cultural lives of forced migrants. It considers how Iraqi refugees in Damascus mobilise religious traditions, networks and institutions in order to negotiate their new surroundings and access much needed social and material resources. In doing so, refugees move beyond the management and care of UN agencies, international NGOs and the state. This thesis argues against conceptualizing religion solely as an identity concern or in institutional terms. Instead it emphasises religion as being a holistic and experiential matter. This study provides a synchronic and diachronic examination of Islamic traditions in relation to sanctuary, refuge and the stranger. Over the course of a year, from March 2010 to March 2011, 23 Iraqi refugees and five refugee service providers participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews. Ethnographic data was also collected and recorded in the field during this time. The thesis explores how Islamic traditions are interpreted in contemporary contexts in addition to demonstrating the relational dimensions of religious practice and experience. The constraints and opportunities Iraqi refugees encounter in em-placing themselves indicate that religion is a much contested notion. I make the case for a holistic understanding of religious practice and experience wherein home-making is a key concern. The challenges of facing a protracted exile and a protection impasse in Syria means Iraqi refugees are compelled to reflect upon their specific experiences of religion and to mobilize their understandings of religious traditions in innovative ways in order to construct inhabitable worlds. -
PKK, Demilitarisation of the PKK in Abdullah Ocalan, and the Field
INSTITUT KURD E DE PARIS Information and liaison bulletin N°335 february 2013 The publication of this Bulletin enjoys a subsidy from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs (DGCID) aqnd the Fonds d’action et de soutien pour l’intégration et la lutte contre les discriminations (The Fund for action and support of integration and the struggle against discrimination) This bulletin is issued in French and English Price per issue : France: 6 € — Abroad : 7,5 € Annual subscribtion (12 issues) France : 60 € — Elsewhere : 75 € Monthly review Directeur de la publication : Mohamad HASSAN Numéro de la Commission Paritaire : 659 15 A.S. ISBN 0761 1285 INSTITUT KURDE, 106, rue La Fayette - 75010 PARIS Tel. : 01-48 24 64 64 - Fax : 01-48 24 64 66 www.fikp.org E-mail: bulletin@fikp.org Information and liaison bulletin Kurdish Institute of Paris Bulletin N° 335 February 2013 • MOSCOW: PRESIDENT MASSUD BARZANI WELCOMED BY VLADIMIR PUTIN. • TURKEY: NEGOTIATIONS AND IMRALI LEAKS. • IRAQ: NO AGREEMENT OVER BUDGET BETWEEN KURDS AND ARABS. • ROME: THE CHALDEAN PATRIARCH IS ELECTED. • PARIS: THE KURDISH INSTITUTE CELEBRATES ITS THIRTIETH BIRTHDAY. MOSCOW: PRESIDENT MASSUD BARZANI WELCOMED BY VLADIMIR PUTIN ollowing his diplomatic Hawrami, Minister of Natural Iraq had toughened its discourse, tour of Europe in Resources for several years past. threatening foreign companies that January, including to The presence of the last two shows signed contacts with Kurdistan F the Davos summit, The that this visit will cover issues and threatening reprisals against President of the regarding economic development their agreements with Iraq. At that Kurdistan Region, Massud and particularly the exploration time Baghdad’s main targets were Barzani, returned to Irbil for a and operation of Kurdistan’s oil ExxonMobil. -
Model Arab League
Samuel Adelson, May 2013 Model Arab League Annotated Bibliography for Syria ncusar.org/modelarableague Model Arab League Research Resources: Syria Page 1 Samuel Adelson, May 2013 This annotated bibliography was created to serve as a research resource for students taking part in the National Council on U.S.-Arab Relations’ Model Arab League Program. With the understanding that research can be intimidating and time consuming, an effort was made to find a set of scholarly articles that give a detailed background and thorough account of the current situation for this League of Arab States member. Included are annotations designed to give a description of the source with the intention of students completing the research on their own. There has been an attempt to focus on more contemporary scholarship, specifically post- 9/11 and post-2011 (so-called “Arab Spring”) where possible, as these are two phenomena that fundamentally changed politics in the Arab world. These sources should provide students with a solid basis for understanding the country they are representing in both regionally and globally significant issues as well as the interests of other countries within the League of Arab States. At the time of this writing, Syria is in a state of war. Protests that began in March of 2011 in the wake of the Arab Spring were met with a government military response. The use of lethal force by the Syrian army on civilian protesters eventually led the protests to become armed in rebellion. The ongoing state of affairs in Syria has become a humanitarian crisis, as refugees flee from Syria into neighboring countries and the Syrian army routinely bombs areas suspected of harboring and aiding rebels. -
Building a Global Terrorism Database
The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Building a Global Terrorism Database Author(s): Gary LaFree ; Laura Dugan ; Heather V. Fogg ; Jeffrey Scott Document No.: 214260 Date Received: May 2006 Award Number: 2002-DT-CX-0001 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. BUILDING A GLOBAL TERRORISM DATABASE Dr. Gary LaFree Dr. Laura Dugan Heather V. Fogg Jeffrey Scott University of Maryland April 27, 2006 This project was supported by Grant No. 2002-DT-CX-0001 awarded by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. TABLE OF CONTENTS Excutive Summary.................................................................................................. 1 Building a Global Terrorism Database ................................................................... 4 The Original PGIS Database.......................................................................... 6 Methods.................................................................................................................. -
Migrant Smuggling in Asia
Migrant Smuggling in Asia A Thematic Review of Literature April 2012 1 Knowledge Product: MIGRANT SMUGGLING IN ASIA A !ematic Review of Literature Printed: Bangkok, April 2012 Authorship: United Nations O!ce on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Copyright © 2012, UNODC e-ISBN: 978-974-680-331-1 "is publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-pro#t purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. UNODC would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations O!ce on Drugs and Crime. Applications for such permission, with a statement of purpose and intent of the reproduction, should be addressed to UNODC, Regional Centre for East Asia and the Paci#c. Cover photo: Courtesy of CBSA. "e photo shows a ship that was used in a migrant smuggling operation from Asia to North America. Product Feedback: Comments on the report are welcome and can be sent to: Coordination and Analysis Unit (CAU) Regional Centre for East Asia and the Paci#c United Nations Building, 3 rd Floor Rajdamnern Nok Avenue Bangkok 10200, "ailand Fax: +66 2 281 2129 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.unodc.org/eastasiaandpaci#c/ UNODC gratefully acknowledges the #nancial contribution of the Government of Australia that enabled the research for and the production of this publication. Disclaimers: "is report has not been formally edited. -
OPC Forges Partnership to Promote Journalists' Safety Club Mixers To
THE MONTHLY NEWSLETTER OF THE OVERSEAS PRESS CLUB OF AMERICA, NEW YORK, NY • November 2014 OPC Forges Partnership to Promote Journalists’ Safety By Marcus Mabry compact between Your OPC has been busy! Since news organiza- the new officers and board of gov- tions and journal- ernors took office at the end of ists, in particular the summer, we have dedicated freelance, around ourselves to three priorities, all safety and profes- designed to increase the already sionalism. We have impressive contribution that the only just begun, but OPC makes to our members and our partners include our industry. the Committee to We have restructured the board Protect Journalists, to dedicate ourselves to services Reporters Without for members, both existing and po- Borders, the Front- tential, whether those members are line Club, the In- Clockwise from front left: Vaughan Smith, Millicent veteran reporters and editors, free- ternational Press Teasdale, Patricia Kranz, Jika Gonzalez, Michael Luongo, Institute’s Foreign Sawyer Alberi, Judi Alberi, Micah Garen, Marcus Mabry, lancers or students. In addition to Charles Sennott, Emma Daly and Judith Matloff dining services, we have reinvigorated our Editors Circle and after a panel of how to freelance safety. See page 3. social mission, creating a committee the OPC Founda- dedicated to planning regular net- tion. We met in September at The you need and the social events you working opportunities for all mem- New York Times headquarters to want. And, just as important, get bers. So if you are in New York – or try to align efforts that many of our friends and colleagues who are not coming through New York – look us groups had started separately. -
Statelessness Situations Are Both and an Overview of the Obstacles to LESSNESS IS COM- Essential for States
Merlyn (left), seen here with her nephew CJ and cousin Adelaiza, harvests mushrooms for a living in Kidapawan City, the Philippines. She was born in the Philippines to Indonesian parents who made her promise to keep her Indonesian identity, a situation that eventually rendered her stateless. Merlyn does not have Filipino citizenship, yet she has no wish to return to Indonesia, where she has no family, no land and no understanding of the language. Merlyn’s husband and daughter are also stateless. 38 UNHCR Statistical Yearbook 2013 Stateless Persons EASURING STATE- of statelessness situations are both and an overview of the obstacles to LESSNESS IS COM- essential for States. Such informa- potential solutions. PLICATED, as stateless tion both allows States to adequately This chapter examines the com- persons often live in pre- respond to statelessness and enables plexity of identifying and enumerating carious situations on the UNHCR to fulfil its mandate to pre- stateless persons, and is divided into Mmargins of society. Frequently, stateless vent and reduce statelessness and pro- two sections. The first section provides persons are not only undocumented tect stateless individuals. Quantitative an overview of statistics available to but also ignored by the authorities and data and qualitative analysis are both UNHCR, including on some of the ac- uncounted in national administrative needed in order to provide a com- tivities undertaken by the agency to registries and databases. Only a minor- prehensive picture of a statelessness improve its data. The second section ity of countries have procedures in place situation. These processes should in- provides a critical analysis of the state for their identification, registration, and clude an assessment of the scale of the of statistics on stateless populations, au- documentation. -
NOV 2015 Part C.Pdf
Page | 1 CBRNE-Terrorism Newsletter – NOVEMBER 2015 www.cbrne-terrorism-newsletter.com Page | 2 CBRNE-Terrorism Newsletter – NOVEMBER 2015 Counterterrorism Bookshelf: 16 Books on Terrorism & Counter- Terrorism-Related Subjects Reviewed by Joshua Sinai Source: http://www.terrorismanalysts.com/pt/index.php/pot/article/view/465/html This column consists of capsule reviews of recent books from various publishers. Aon and Risk Advisory, 2015 Terrorism & Political Violence Risk Map – A Guide (London, UK: The Risk Advisory Group, 2015), 38 pp. + map, no price [Paperback], http://www.aon.com/terrorismmap/. This is an annually published map on the risk of terrorism and political violence around the world, which is further analyzed in the accompanying booklet. The guide’s findings and assessments are based on what it terms empirical ‘Terrorism Tracker’ data assembled by The Risk Advisory Group and Aon. The Risk Advisory Group is a global risk consultancy, based in London, and Aon is a global risk management, insurance brokerage and reinsurance brokerage firm. In the map, what are termed ‘peril’ icons are assigned to the world’s countries, covering a spectrum of political violence risks from low to high that are aggregated on a cumulative basis in the form of terrorism, sabotage, strikes and/or riots, malicious damage, insurrection, revolution and rebellion, mutiny and/or coup d’etat, and war and/or civil war. The booklet presents an introductory commentary, macro analysis and findings, regional overviews, and the methodology underpinning the overall analysis. Edward J. Appel, Cybervetting: Internet Searches for Vetting, Investigations, and Open-Source Intelligence [Second edition] (Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2015), 322 pp., US $ 67.96 [Hardcover], ISBN: 9781482238853. -
FOR VERO FINAL 5. Veronica Buffon & Christine Allison Copy Edited-2-2
ORE Open Research Exeter TITLE The Gendering of Victimhood: Western Media and the Sinjar Genocide AUTHORS Buffon, Veronica; Allison, Christine JOURNAL Kurdish Studies DEPOSITED IN ORE 27 October 2016 This version available at http://hdl.handle.net/10871/24126 COPYRIGHT AND REUSE Open Research Exeter makes this work available in accordance with publisher policies. A NOTE ON VERSIONS The version presented here may differ from the published version. If citing, you are advised to consult the published version for pagination, volume/issue and date of publication The Gendering of Victimhood: Western media and the Sinjar genocide1 Veronica Buffon and Christine Allison2 Abstract This article adopts a gender perspective on war, problematising media attention on Yezidi women since the attacks by ISIS. Sinjari Yezidis’ narratives/subjectivities since 2014 are silenced in Western media reports in favour of a “hyper-visibility” of women’s “injured bodies”, which mobilises a specific narrative of victimhood. Reports from UK and US broadsheet newspapers, plus the BBC, CNN and online publications are analysed, plus new data gathered through fieldwork among Yezidis in Northern Iraq. Western media draw on and reproduce cultural and gender representations, reinstating relations of power infused with orientalist and patriarchal tropes. The focus on women’s bodies moves attention away from the workings of namûs “honour” and the suffering of Yezidi men. Some Yezidi women who became activists, speaking as victims, are heard internationally; the compromises this entails are discussed in light of Fassin and Rechtman’s work on the politics of victimhood Introduction This article contributes to the literature on western representations of non-western women in conflict by considering western media reporting of the Sinjar genocide of 2014. -
The Developing Global Crisis: What Security Practitioners and Policy Makers Need to Know
1 The Developing Global Crisis: What Security Practitioners and Policy Makers Need to Know Abstract (d7, for “Global Security and Intelligence Studies” of American Military University.) General Michael Flynn asks why we don’t win wars anymore.i Director of National Intelligence James Clapper claims we cannot fix the problems in the Middle East where so many of our troops and related forces have been deployed for so long.ii This essay attempts to explain why. We have been addressing mainly symptoms instead of causes, and since the causes continue, the wars don’t stop. The “Developing Global Crisis” involves at least six factors that are difficult for anyone to deal with. Each has military consequences, but few respond well to military force. The result is hundreds of millions of poorly educated teen aged males maturing into desperate circumstances of failed or failing states where they encounter demagogues and WMDs instead of opportunities. The factors I allude to include: 1) population growth and population pressure (not the same things)iii, 2) corruptions of governance that prevent solutions, 3) growing income inequalities within and between nations, 4) militant religion(s), 5) rising authoritarianism in politics worldwide, and 6) global warming. Bombing global warming cools nothing and brings no rain, but global warming can definitely contribute to the collapse of states like Syria, which then export millions of their desperate people into neighbors like Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey that are in turn destabilized to some degree. Even Europe feels the stress of a million sudden immigrants, so we will consider the case of Syria in particular.