EQUALITYNOW ANNUAL REPORT 2001

PEACESECURITYWOMENDEMOCRACYHUMANRIGHTS IGUALDAD YA EQUALITY NOW EQUALITY EQUALITY NOW was founded in 1992 to work for the protection and promotion of the human rights of women around the world. Working with national human rights organizations and individual activists, Equality Now documents violence and discrimination against women and adds an international action overlay to support their efforts to advance equality rights and defend individual women who are suffering abuse. Through its Women’s Action Network, Equality Now distributes informa- tion about these human rights violations to concerned groups and individuals around the world, along with recommended actions for publicizing and protesting them. The Women’s Action Network is committed to voicing a worldwide call for justice and equality for women. Issues of urgent concern to Equality Now include rape, domestic violence, reproductive rights, trafficking of women, female genital mutilation, and equal access to economic opportunity and political participation.

EGALITE MAINTENANT a été fondée en 1992 afin de travailler pour la protection et la promotion des droits humains de la femme dans le monde entier. Travaillant avec des associations nationales pour les droits humains et avec des activistes individuels, Egalité Maintenant documente la violence et la discrimination contre les femmes, en ajoutant un élément d'action internationale pour soutenir les efforts de ces associations et activistes pour avancer les droits de la femme, et pour défendre des femmes individuelles maltraitées. Au moyen du Réseau Action Femmes, Egalité Maintenant transmet des renseignements sur ces violations des droits humains aux groupes et aux individus intéressés partout dans le monde, avec des actions recommandées pour faire connaître au public ces violations, et pour protester contre elles. Le Réseau Action Femmes représente une force internationale d'activisme, capable d'une réponse rapide et concertée aux situations de crise et engagée à faire appel mondial pour la justice et l'égalité pour la femme. Les problèmes urgents auxquels s'intéresse Egalité Maintenant comprennent: le viol, la violence familiale, les droits de reproduction, la traite des femmes, la mutilation génitale féminine, l'égalité des chances économiques, et l'accès égal à la participation politique.

IGUALDAD YA fue fundada en 1992 con el propósito de trabajar a favor de la protección y promoción de los derechos humanos de las mujeres en todo el mundo. Trabajando junto a organizaciones nacionales de derechos humanos y con activistas individuales, Igualdad Ya documenta casos de violencia y discriminación contra las mujeres y agrega un componente de acción internacional para apoyar sus esfuerzos para avanzar los derechos de igualdad y defender casos individuales de mujeres que sufren abusos. A través de su Red de Acción Mujeres, Igualdad Ya disemina información acerca de estas violaciones de derechos humanos entre grupos e individuos interesados en todo el mundo, junto con recomendaciones de acciones para publicitar y protestar estos casos. La Red de Acción Mujeres es un ejemplo de activismo internacional capaz de dar una respuesta rápida y concertada a situaciones de crisis. La Red se compromete a dar voz a un llamado mundial a la justicia y la igualdad para las mujeres. Los temas de preocupación urgentes para Igualdad Ya incluyen la violación sexual, la violencia doméstica, los derechos reproductivos, el tráfico de mujeres, la mutilación genital femenina y el acceso igualitario a las oportunidades económicas y la participación política. SOMMAIRE On n’a tenu presqu’aucun compte de REVIEW OF 2001 l'avertissement clair du manque de respect envers l’humanité qu’a manifesté le dans son traitement de la femme, jusqu’aux assauts contre le World Trade Center et le Pentagone du 11 septembre 2001, lesquels ont exposé la complicité du Taliban dans le terror- isme mondial. Tragiquement, le traite- he September 11th attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon and ment qu’ont subi les femmes en n’est pas unique. Autour du the war that has subsequently taken place highlight the urgent need for an monde, chaque jour, les femmes sont effective alternative to the cycle of violence that keeps repeating itself around battues, violées, mutilées et tuées en T toute impunité. Mais les femmes the world. Women are the key to finding this alternative. Taliban complicity in global partout luttent pour se défendre, comme l’Association des avocates terrorism came as no surprise to anyone familiar with the Taliban’s treatment of women éthiopiennes, et l’on entend s’élever leurs voix en faveur de la liberté et des from the time they came to power in 1996. Yet this clear warning of disrespect for droits humains. La meilleure réponse au terrorisme, et la seule réponse à long humanity was largely ignored until September 11. terme, est l’engagement redoublé aux Tragically, the treatment women endured in Afghanistan is not unique. Around the droits humains essentiels, y compris les droits de la femme. world, every day women are beaten, raped, mutilated and killed with impunity. Religious extremism of all kinds fans the flames of violent hatred and discrimination. RESUMEN La claras señales de falta de respeto por But women everywhere are fighting back and raising their voices in defense of la humanidad exhibida por el Talibán con respecto al trato de las mujeres freedom and human rights. fueron ignoradas hasta el ataque del 11 de septiembre de 2001 contra el World In August 2001, a brave group of women—the Ethiopian Women Lawyers Associa- Trade Center y el Pentágono, que expu- tion (EWLA)—organized a peaceful public demonstration against rape, calling for so la complicidad del Talibán con el ter- rorismo global. Trágicamente, el trato stronger laws and better law enforcement. Following the demonstration and EWLA’s que las mujeres soportaban en Afganistán no es único. En todo el protest of government inaction in a case of domestic violence, EWLA was subjected to a mundo, todos los días, las mujeres son golpeadas, violadas, mutiladas y concerted government campaign to shut the organization down. Unable to continue its asesinadas con impunidad. Pero mujeres life-saving activities on behalf of abused women in Ethiopia, EWLA contacted Equality en todo el mundo, como la Asociación de Mujeres Abogadas de Etiopía Now, which immediately mobilized a global protest. Within a few weeks, EWLA’s (EWLA), están luchando y levantando sus voces en defensa de la libertad y los ability to function was restored. derechos humanos. La mejor y única respuesta a largo plazo al terrorismo es International public pressure is effective and underlines the importance of global un renovado compromiso con los dere- chos humanos fundamentales, incluyen- solidarity. Our efforts can and do make a real difference in the world. Groups like the do los derechos de las mujeres. Ethiopian Women Lawyers Association are working around the world to promote respect for human rights, and they represent the best hope for the future. It has long been recognized that the empowerment of women is key to sustainable development. The empowerment of women is also key to sustainable peace. The survival of the planet depends on a renewed commitment to fundamental human rights, including women’s rights. This is the best and only long-term response to terrorism.

Press conference with Afghan women at the office of Equality Now, December 2001. Left to right: Sahar Saba, Eve Ensler (back), Soraya Paikan, Jessica Neuwirth, , Shafiqa Habibi, Adeena Niazi. 1 WOMEN’SACTIONAFGHANISTAN THE AFGHAN WOMEN’S SUMMIT FOR DEMOCRACY

n October 2001, Equality Now issued a Women’s Action entitled “Afghanistan: Terrorism, The Taliban and The Role of Women in Peace and Security,” calling for Iappropriate intervention from the , in accordance with international law, to address the crisis and calling for the implementa- tion of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 “You have come together to on Women and Peace and Security. Resolution 1325 remind the world of the formally recognizes the critical role of women in the strength of Afghan women— resolution of conflict. women who have confronted Below: Participants of the Afghan To facilitate the implementation of Resolution 1325, deprivation and discrimi- Women’s Summit, Brussels, including three delegates from the and in support of and solidarity with the women of nation of the worst kind with concurrent Bonn Conference— Seddighe Balkhi, Sima Wali and Afghanistan, Equality Now convened a coalition of ingenuity and courage of the Amena Afzali—who came to give international organizations to host the Afghan Women’s an update on the political discus- noblest kind. sion there. Page 3, top to bottom: Summit for Democracy, held at the European Com- Message from UN” Secretary-General Mary Robinson, UN High Commis- to the Afghan Women’s sioner for Human Rights; Angela mission in Brussels on December 4-5, in collaboration Summit for Democracy King, Gender Adviser to the UN with the Gender Adviser to the Secretary-General of the Secretary-General; Noeleen Heyzer, Executive Director, UNIFEM; Asma United Nations and UNIFEM. Forty Afghan women leaders from Afghanistan, Khader, Board Member, Equality Now; Maha Abu-Dayyeh Shamas, Pakistan, Iran, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Australia, Europe and North America, Director, Women’s Centre for Legal broadly representative of the women of Afghanistan, took part in the Summit, bringing Aid and Counselling in Jerusalem; Asma Jahangir, AGHS Legal Aid Cell the voices of Afghan women into the international political discourse. The Brussels in Pakistan; Hibaaq Osman, Director, Centre for the Strategic Initiatives of Proclamation adopted by the Afghan Women’s Summit outlined in detail a clear vision Women; Judge Navanethem Pillay, for the future of Afghanistan, setting forth a comprehensive articulation of fundamental President, UN International Criminal Tribunal on . human rights, together with a list of concrete demands for immediate implementation. The convening coalition of international organizations included V-Day, The European Women’s Lobby, the Centre for the Strategic Initiatives of Women, and The Feminist Majority. Women leaders from around the world joined the Afghan women in Brussels in solidarity, including President of the Inter- national Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda Navanethem Pillay, who chaired the Summit, United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Mary Robinson, and Queen Noor (by video). Activists from 16 countries— Belgium, Croatia, France, India, Italy, Jordan, 2 Morocco, the Netherlands, Pakistan, Palestine, Somalia, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the —met in a parallel session during the Summit to formulate support strategies for the women of Afghanistan, adopting a Declaration of Solidarity. Among the commitments made in this Declaration were to undertake an advocacy campaign for reconstruction funding to be conditional on the participation of women; to declare on International Women’s Day 2002 that Afghanistan is Everywhere, joining women around the world in solidarity with the women of Afghanistan and with understanding that the conditions of violence, oppression and other forms of inequality are universal; to create an international task force of women’s rights lawyers to assist the women lawyers of Afghanistan; and to provide support to the Ministry of Women.

SOME RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE BRUSSELS PROCLAMATION EDUCATION, MEDIA AND CULTURE Developing an emergency plan for re-opening schools by March 2002 for both girls and boys and reconstruction of the schools that have been damaged or destroyed; Provision of a comprehensive school curriculum based on international standards, including courses on conflict resolution; Fair salaries for all staff in education; Creation of structures for sheltering and educating orphans; Reconstruction of TV satellites and radio stations; Recuperation of the ancient literary works that have been dispersed around the world.

HEALTH Provision of critical medical equipment, medicines and vitamins; Rebuilding of water and sanitation systems; Vaccination programs; Re-establishment of health centers in urban and rural areas, and in schools; Rebuilding of medical faculties; Provision of family planning programs; Reintroduction of health insurance; Provision of blood banks; Expansion of orthopedic centers for handicapped people; Provision of services for HIV/AIDS patients.

HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE CONSTITUTION Making all support from the international community conditional on the rights and treatment of women; Central inclusion of women in the Loya Jirga (Grand Assembly) and all peace processes and matters related to reconstruction; Inclusion of Afghan women lawyers in the development of a new constitution based on the 1964 constitution and resulting legal frameworks; Ensuring that principles of non-discrimination according to gender, age, ethnicity, disability, religion, and political affiliation in all aspects of political, social, cultural, civil and economic rights are central to the new legal system; Left to right: Sen. Sam Brownback, Leila Enayat-Seraj, Adeena Niazi, Shafiqa Habibi, Sima Wali, Sen. Barbara Boxer, Soraya Paikan, Jessica Neuwirth, , Hibaaq Osman, Eleanor Smeal. PHOTO COURTESY OF U.S. SENATE

Critical focus on disarmament in all areas of Afghanistan and a wide demining campaign; Ensuring a safe and secure environment for women and girls and the protection of women from forced/under-aged marriages, , trafficking and all other types of abuse; Ensuring equal rights for women including the right to vote, equal pay and equal access to education, health care and employment.

REFUGEES AND INTERNALLY DISPLACED WOMEN Avoidance of forced repatriation of refugees as a violation of basic human rights; Provision of a durable resettlement solution for refugees who cannot return to Afghanistan for security reasons; Increase of educational, training, capacity building and income generating programs to address the special needs of refugees and internally displaced women and children; Provision of basic needs to internally displaced and refugee women including security and protection, health care services, education on prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, and education on birth control and family planning.

AFGHAN WOMEN’S SUMMIT POLITICAL AND MEDIA TOUR Immediately following the Afghan Women’s Summit for Democracy, six Afghan dele- gates participated in a Political and Media Tour to carry the message of the Summit to key political decision-makers in the European Parliament, the United States Government and the United Nations. In Brussels, Members of the European Parliament were briefed on the outcome of the Summit. In Washington, DC the delegation met with members of the Senate Foreign Relations Com- mittee, hosted by Senator Barbara Boxer and Senator Sam Brownback. Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle hosted a Senate lunch with more Bottom: Delegates of the Afghan than twenty Democratic Senators Women’s Summit with the UN Secretary-General. Left to right: including Senator Joseph Biden, Shafiqa Habibi, Soraya Paikan, Sima Chairman of the Senate Foreign Wali, Kofi Annan, Leila Enayat-

Seraj, Sahar Saba. PHOTO COURTESY OF UNITED NATIONS Relations Committee, Senators 4 SOMMAIRE En octobre 2001, Egalité Maintenant a publié une Action Femmes sur la crise en Afghanistan, demandant l’exécution par le Conseil de Sécurité de l’ONU de la Résolution 1325, laquelle reconnaît le rôle essentiel de la femme dans la résolu- tion des conflits. Egalité Maintenant a aussi convoqué une coalition d’organisa- tions internationales qui a organisé le Sommet des Femmes Afghanes pour la Démocratie, tenu à Bruxelles en décem- bre. Au Sommet, quarante femmes lead- ers afghanes, venues de pays autour du monde, ont adopté la Proclamation de Bruxelles, qui présente une vision com- préhensive de l’avenir de l’Afghanistan et de la restauration des droits humains. Des activistes venues de seize pays se sont également réunies, en séance paral- lèle, pour élaborer des stratégies de sou- tien pour les Afghanes, en y adoptant une Déclaration de Solidarité. Immédia- tement après le Sommet des Femmes Afghanes, six déléguées ont participé à une tournée politique et médiatique, pour porter le message du Sommet.

RESUMEN En octubre de 2001, Igualdad Ya lanzó una Acción Mujeres sobre la crisis en Afganistán, reclamando la implementa- Barbara Boxer, Byron Dorgan, Dianne Feinstein, Ernest Hollings, Barbara Mikulski, ción de la Resolución 1325 del Consejo de Seguridad, que reconoce el papel and Hillary Rodham Clinton. The delegation also met with Secretary of State Colin fundamental de las mujeres en la resolu- ción de conflictos. Igualdad Ya también Powell and other senior State Department officials, as well as a number of Con- convocó a una coalición de orga- nizaciones internacionales como anfitri- gressional representatives including Representatives Carolyn B. Maloney and Juanita onas de una Cumbre de Mujeres Afganas por la Democracia, celebrada en Millender-McDonald, former and current Co-Chairs, respectively, of the Congressional Bruselas en diciembre. En la Cumbre, Women’s Caucus. cuarenta mujeres líderes afganas de todo el mundo adoptaron la Declaración de In , the delegation briefed the United Nations Security Council on the Bruselas, que establece una visión detal- lada para el futuro de Afganistán y la Afghan Women’s Summit, urging that aid to Afghanistan be conditioned on recognition restauración de los derechos humanos. Activistas de dieciséis paises también se of women’s rights. They also pressed for full participation in the maintenance of peace reunieron en una sesión paralela para formular estrategias de apoyo para las as mandated by Security Council Resolution 1325, adopted in October 2000. The mujeres afganas, adoptando una Declar- women called for the immediate deployment of a United Nations peacekeeping force, ación de Solidaridad. Inmediatamente después de la Cumbre de Mujeres with a mandate to disarm the warring factions. The Security Council meeting was Afganas, seis delegadas participaron en una Gira Política y de Prensa para llevar chaired by Ambassador Patricia Durrant, the Ambassador to the United Nations from el mensaje de la Cumbre. Jamaica and the one woman serving on the Security Council. The delegation also met privately with Secretary-General Kofi Annan. Two press conferences were held, one in Washington, DC on 13 December and one in New York on 20 December, moderated by Meryl Streep, to publicize the Afghan Women’s Summit for Democracy and the demands of the Brussels Proclamation adopted by the Summit.

“For the past 23 years, Afghan people have been living in the dark. We the Afghan women should join our efforts to establish a civil society in our country and bring back democratic values through education and culture. Education and culture transcend the reality of our lives. Their healing power and creative energy could act as a catalyst for peace and as an antidote to our national wounds. ” from The Brussels Proclamation 5 WOMEN’SACTIONTANZANIA ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAW AGAINST FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION

n June 2001, Equality Now launched a Women’s Action campaign calling for the enforcement of the law in Tanzania, which prohibits female genital mutilation I(FGM). Section 169A(1) of the Sexual Offences Special Provisions Act, passed in 1998, provides that anyone who causes a girl to undergo FGM is guilty of the offence of cruelty to children. The penalty for this offence is five to fifteen years in prison and/or a fine of up to 300,000 shillings (approximately US$300). This law is not effectively enforced, however, and the practice of FGM continues openly. In some parts of Tanzania, mass circumcisions are carried out in which thousands of girls are genitally cut on a seasonal basis, generally in December. In its Women’s Action, Equality Now highlighted a case from the Morogoro Region, in which three girls ran away from their father in 1999, in a desperate effort to save themselves from the practice of FGM. They fled to a local church for protection, and several pastors took them to the nearest police station, in Matombo. Rather than protect the girls, the police arrested one of the pastors, Zakayo Katungu, as well as his wife, for having taken unlawful custody of minor children. Pastor Zakayo Katungu was beaten

We, the women of the New York State Legislature, urge you to take action now to enforce your law against FGM and protect young women from this violation. Senator Velmanette Montgomery Assemblywoman Rhoda S. Jacobs Senator Ruth Hassell-Thompson Assemblywoman Elizabeth Little Senator Suzi Oppenheimer Assemblywoman Naomi C. Matusow Senator Olga A. Mendez Assemblywoman Joan L. Millman Assemblywoman Nancy Calhoun Assemblywoman Catherine T. Nolan Assemblywoman Joan K. Christensen Assemblywoman Amy R. Paulin Assemblywoman Adele Cohen Assemblywoman Diane Gordon Assemblywoman Gloria Davis Assemblywoman Earlene Hopper Assemblywoman RoAnn M. Destito Assemblywoman Susan John Assemblywoman Donna Ferrara Asemblywoman Margaret M. Markey Assemblywoman Patricia L. Acampora Assemblywoman Nettie Mayersohn Senator Toby A. Stavisky Assemblywoman Kathleen Murray Assemblywoman Carmen E. Arroyo Assemblywoman Maureen O’Connell Assemblywoman Ann Margaret Carrozza Assemblywoman Audrey I. Pheffer Assemblywoman Barbara M. Clark Assemblywoman Pauline Rhodd-Cummings Assemblywoman Vivian E. Cook Senator Ada L. Smith Assemblywoman Francine DelMonte Assemblywoman Frances T. Sullivan Assemblywoman Patricia Eddington Assemblywoman Sandra Lee Wirth Assemblywoman Sandra R. Galef Assemblywoman Dierdra K. Scozzafava Senator Nellie Santiago-Fernandez Assemblywoman Helene E. Weinstein Assemblywoman Deborah J. Glick Assemblywoman Catherine M. Young Petition from New York State women Assemblywoman Aurelia Greene legislators to the Tanzanian Inspector General of Police, 21 June 2001. 6 severely in the presence of his wife and asked SOMMAIRE to confess that he had raped the girls. The En juin 2001, Egalité Maintenant a lancé une campagne d’Action Femmes girls were taken to the hospital for an pour demander l’application de la loi tanzanienne qui interdit la mutilation examination, where it was confirmed that they génitale féminine (MGF). La loi, qui a été votée en 1998, stipule que toute per- had not been raped. They were then turned sonne qui fait subir la MGF à une fille est coupable de mauvais traitements à over by the police to their father, who had l’enfant. Malgré cette loi, la pratique de them circumcised the next day and married la MGF continue au vu et au su de tous. L’Action Femmes met en lumière un cas within a month, one as a third wife. The girls de la région Morogoro, où trois filles se sont enfuies de chez leur père en 1999 were aged 13 and 14 at the time. pour échapper à avoir à subir la MGF. Elles se sont réfugiées dans une église In June 2001, Equality Now’s Africa locale et un pasteur les a emmenées au Regional Director Faiza Jama Mohamed and poste de police le plus proche—où la police l’a arrêté et battu; la police a Board President Jessica Neuwirth traveled to ensuite livré les filles à leur père, qui les a fait circoncire le lendemain, et les a Morogoro, together with staff from the mariées en moins d’un mois. Tanzanian Legal and Human Rights Centre, RESUMEN the organization that had investigated and En junio de 2001, Igualdad Ya lanzó una campaña de Acción Mujeres, recla- documented the case. They met with Pastor mando el cumplimiento de la ley en Zakayo Katungu as well as several other Tanzania que prohibe la mutilación gen- ital femenina (MGF). La ley, aprobada Africa Regional Director Faiza Jama Mohamed witnesses to the unsuccessful efforts of the en 1998, estipula que cualquier persona with Pastor Zakayo Katungu. que obligue a una niña a someterse a three sisters to seek the protection of the law una MGF es culpable del delito de cru- eldad a menores. A pesar de la existencia from their father. Equality Now is calling on the Tanzanian authorities to investigate de esta ley, la práctica de la MGF con- tinúa abiertamente. La Acción Mujeres and bring appropriate disciplinary action against the policemen involved in this resaltó un caso de la región de Moro- incident. Equality Now’s campaign also calls on the government to ensure that all police goro, en el cual tres niñas se escaparon de su padre en 1999 para evitar sufrir nationwide are familiar with the law banning FGM and to direct that they take action una MGF. Huyeron a una iglesia local para protección, y el pastor las llevó a la to enforce the law and protect girls from its violation. comisaría más cercana. La policía arrestó y golpeó al pastor, y devolvió a las niñas a su padre, quien las hizo circuncidar al dia siguiente, y casarse al mes. LETTERS FROM THE CAMPAIGN

The Ukrainian Women’s Organization leave no stone unturned in bringing the prac- “Zhetem”, being a member of Equality Now, tice of FGM to a stop in the very near future. asks you to take more effective action to end Pratima Mudbhary the practice of FGM in Tanzania - through President of Women for Women Forum education as well as enforcement of the law. NEPAL Continuation of FGM is an open defiance to the law. We ask you to use all your influence to The law enforcement agencies, especially the help women of your country. police, should protect girls seeking refuge Valentina Balashova from such a degrading and inhuman practice President of Zhetem as FGM. Authorities should investigate perpe- UKRAINE trators and bring appropriate disciplinary action against policemen involved in I would like to thank you and the government for encouraging such practice by failing to protect prohibiting the inhuman practice of FGM by law. vulnerable girls. However, I gather that much needs to be done Vickie Njoku-Onyekuru as yet on the enforcement side. I am sure your Program Director, Child Health Organization Ministry and the Government of Tanzania will NIGERIA 7 WOMEN’SACTIONKUWAIT THE STRUGGLE FOR WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE

n January 2001, Equality Now launched a Women’s Action campaign calling on the Government of Kuwait to grant women the right to vote and stand for election. IKuwait is the one remaining country in the world where only men have the right to vote. In May 1999, the Emir of Kuwait, Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, issued a decree granting women full political rights, but in November of that year the National Assembly rejected the decree by a narrow margin of 32–30. In July 2000, five members of the National Assembly again presented a bill in Parliament to amend Kuwait’s electoral law, granting women political rights. The bill has not to date been considered by Parliament. Members of the National Assembly who oppose granting women suffrage often cite religious and social reasons for their opposition. The BBC Radio’s World Service quoted Mr. Ahmad Baqer, a member of the National Assembly who opposed the bill, as saying, “the men take the responsibility for politics, and the women take the responsibility for the family.” In February 2000, hundreds of women marched to voter registration centers and demanded to be registered as voters. They were not allowed to register and subsequently filed several lawsuits against the government, all of which were dismissed on procedural grounds. The denial of women’s political rights violates several articles of the Consti- tution of Kuwait including Article 6, which provides that “the system of Government in Women in Kuwait demanding to be Kuwait shall be democratic,” Article 7, which provides that “justice, liberty and equality registered as voters. shall be the pillars of society,” Article 8, which provides for “equal opportunities for citizens,” and Article 29, which provides that “all people are equal in human dignity and public rights and duties before the law.” Although Kuwait has ratified the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the Government made reservations to both treaties noting that the treaties are 8 inconsistent with Article 1 of its voting law, which denies women suffrage. In March SOMMAIRE 2000, the United Nations Human Rights Committee, which reviews implementation En janvier 2001, Egalité Maintenant a lancé une campagne d’Action Femmes by governments of their obligations under the ICCPR, urged the government of Kuwait pour demander au gouvernement du Koweït d’accorder aux femmes le droit to “take all the necessary steps to ensure to women the right to vote and to be elected de vote et le droit de se présenter aux élections. Le Koweït est le dernier pays on equal footing with men, in accordance with articles 25 and 26 of the Covenant.” du monde où les hommes sont les seuls à avoir le droit de vote. En mai 1999, The movement for women’s suffrage in Kuwait is gaining support. In October 2000 l’Emir du Koweït a promulgué un décret a public demonstration of men and women was held in front of the National Assembly qui accorde aux femmes tous droits poli- tiques, mais en novembre de cette at the commencement of its session, calling for amendment of the election law to give année, l’Assemblée nationale a rejeté le décret de justesse, d'un vote de 32 à 30. women the right to vote. In June 2001 a poll of Kuwait University students showed that Le refus des droits politiques à la femme viole plusieurs articles de la 84 percent of female students and 65 percent of male students favor women’s suffrage. Constitution du Koweït, y compris les articles 6, 7, 8 et 29, lesquels garantis- sent la démocratie et l’égalité pour tous les citoyens koweïtiens. RESUMEN En enero de 2001, Igualdad Ya lanzó una campaña de Acción Mujeres para reclamar al gobierno de Kuwait que LETTERS FROM otorgue a las mujeres el derecho al voto y a ocupar cargos políticos. Kuwait es el único país en el mundo donde sólo los THE CAMPAIGN hombres tienen el derecho al voto. En mayo de 1999, el Emir de Kuwait pro- mulgó un decreto otorgando plenos derechos políticos a las mujeres, pero en We at the Preda Foundation and many provides that “the system of Government in noviembre de ese año, la Asamblea Nacional rechazó el decreto por un thousands around the world watch with Kuwait shall be democratic, under which estrecho margen de 32 votos a 30. Esta concern as the latest bill on women’s rights sovereignty resides in the people, the source negación de los derechos políticos de las mujeres viola varios artículos de la comes forward. It is unfortunate that your wise of all powers.” Without giving women the vote, Constitución de Kuwait, incluyendo los and enlightened decree has not changed the Kuwait is NOT democratic. Article 8 provides Artículos 6, 7, 8 y 29, que garantizan la opinions of those opposed to the right of that the state shall ensure “equal opportunities democracia y la igualdad para todos los women to vote. Please use all your influence for citizens.” Currently, the opportunities for ciudadanos de Kuwait. with the Members of Parliament to persuade women are not equal because they are unable them to recognize these rights and grant the to vote. Article 29 provides that “all people are freedom to women to participate in the equal in human dignity and public rights and decisions that affect their lives and the lives of duties before the law.” At the moment, this their children. statement is incorrect because women are not James Cullen, President allowed to participate. I urge you to reconsider Preda Foundation your position and follow the tenets the authors THE PHILIPPINES of the Constitution of Kuwait set forth and help to secure enough votes to ensure the passage We at Child Health Organisation wish to of the pending bill. express our concern about the bill denying Gretchen Hartke Kuwait’s women suffrage. Your electoral laws Bloomington, Indiana are incompatible with international law. UNITED STATES Please, we urge you to use your good office to respect the principle of democracy by granting I was stunned to read that Kuwait is the one women the right to vote and to stand for remaining country in the world where only election. men have the right to vote. The women of Vickie Njoku-Onyekuru, Program Director Kuwait would appreciate it very much if you Child Health Organisation would exercise leadership with members of NIGERIA the National Assembly to ensure the passage of the pending bill granting women the right to I am writing you to express my grave concern vote and to stand for elected office. You better regarding the vote denying the women of stay involved with the members of the National Kuwait suffrage. Your country’s constitution Assembly, otherwise there’s no way that clearly expresses and demands that your you’re going to change the rules. policy makers give women the vote. As you Elizabeth Franken know, Article 6 of your country’s constitution THE NETHERLANDS 9 WOMEN’SACTIONUPDATES ONGOING CAMPAIGNS

SOMMAIRE quality Now continues to campaign on Women’s Actions until the violation L’article 340 du Code pénal de la Jordanie, qui exemptait de la peine tout homme qui highlighted is remedied. In some cases, Equality Now campaigns have tue une parente adultère, a été abrogé, mais d’autres lois continuent à être employées remained active for many years. As the Women’s Action Network increases in pour réduire les sentences dans les cas de E prétendus «crimes d’honneur,» et la pra- size and strength, the mobilization of public pressure becomes increasingly effective. tique de meurtres «d’honneur» continue. Egalité Maintenant continue à faire cam- pagne pour la justice pour les femmes de “HONOR” KILLINGS IN JORDAN l’ancienne Yougoslavie, en demandant l’ar- Equality Now continues to campaign against so-called restation de Radovan Karadzic et de Ratko “honor” killings in Jordan—murders of women by their fathers, brothers and husbands Mladic, et l’engagement de poursuites judi- ciaires contre eux. Slobodan Milosevic, for perceived social transgressions. In December 2001, Article 340 of the Jordanian l’ancien président de la Yougoslavie, a été arrêté en juin 2001, et il passe actuellement Penal Code, a provision that exempted a man from penalty if he killed a female relative en jugement. Egalité Maintenant continue aussi à faire campagne pour la réintégration for committing adultery, was repealed. However, “honor” killings in Jordan continue, de l’amendement à la Loi agraire d’Ou- ganda connu sous le nom de la "clause and Articles 97 and 98 of the Penal Code, which allow for reduction of sentence when perdue," lequel reconnaît la copropriété de terre de la part des deux conjoints et, crimes are committed in a fit of fury, are used to reduce sentences in these cases, bien qu’il eût été voté par le parlement, a été supprimé du texte définitif de la Loi. generally to within a range of three months to one year’s imprisonment. Equality Now continues to protest the light sentencing of “honor” crimes and is also calling on gov- RESUMEN ernment authorities to allow and facilitate the establishment of shelters in Jordan for El Artículo 340 del Código Penal de Jordania, que eximía a un hombre de pena girls and women seeking protection from family violence. si mataba a una mujer pariente por come- ter adulterio, fue abrogado. Pero otras leyes continúan en uso para reducir sen- tencias en casos de los llamados “crímenes ACCOUNTABILITY FOR WAR CRIMES IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA In June 2001, de honor”, y la práctica de los “homicidios de honor” continúa. Igualdad Ya continúa Slobodan Milosevic, former President of the Republic of Yugoslavia, was arrested and su campaña por la justicia para las mujeres de la ex Yugoslavia, reclamando el arresto taken to The Hague, where he is currently standing trial before y el enjuiciamiento de Radovan Karadzic y Ratko Mladic. Slobodan Milosevic, ex the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for the presidente de Yugoslavia, fue detenido en junio de 2001 y actualmente se encuentra Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). Equality bajo proceso judicial. Igualdad Ya tam- bién continúa su campaña para restaurar Now continues to campaign for the la enmienda de la “cláusula perdida” a la arrest of Radovan Karadzic, leader of Ley de Tenencia de la Tierra de Uganda, que reconoce la propiedad compartida the Bosnian Serbs, and Ratko Mladic, entre esposos, y que fue aprobada por el Parlamento, pero luego eliminada del commander of the Bosnian Serb army, texto final de la ley. ON TRIAL both of whom were indicted by the ICTY in July 1995 for genocide and crimes against humanity, including rape and sexual assault. STILL AT LARGE Despite several reported attempts by American, British and NATO forces to arrest them during the course of the year, as of year-end 2001 Radovan Karadzic and Ratko Mladic remained at large.

PROPERTY RIGHTS IN UGANDA Equality Now continues, in consultation with the Ugandan Forum for Women in Democracy, to campaign for restoration of the “lost clause” amendment to the Uganda Land Act, which recognized spousal co-ownership of land. Following the adoption of the bill by the Ugandan Parliament in 1998, the amendment was left out of the final text of the law, even though it was passed by the Parliament. The amendment is important in addressing the inequalities and disadvantages women 10 On 8 March 2000, International Women's Day, hundreds of Ugandan women wearing black marched to protest denial of their land ownership rights and demand reinstatement of the "lost clause." face in land ownership in Uganda. It would offer women increased security, alleviation SOMMAIRE of economic dependence, improved access to credit, and protection of inheritance rights. Egalité Maintenant continue à faire cam- pagne contre le tourisme sexuel, en deman- dant l’engagement de poursuites judiciaires contre l’agence new-yorkaise Big Apple Oriental Tours, laquelle organise des voy- SEX TOURISM USA Equality Now continues to call for the prosecution of Big Apple ages à but sexuel pour hommes aux Phil- Oriental Tours, a sex tourism agency based in New York organizing sex tours for men ippines et en Thaïlande. Egalité Main- tenant continue à faire campagne pour to the Philippines and Thailand. Since 1996 Equality Now has been urging Richard Denny Baptiste et Haniff Hilaire, deux hommes qui sont au quartier des con- Brown—the District Attorney of Queens County, in which Big Apple Oriental Tours damnés à mort à Trinité-et-Tobago pour être venus au secours de Pamela Ram- owner Norman Barabash resides—to take action. New York law prohibits the pro- jattan, femme battue dont la condamna- tion pour meurtre a été cassée en 1999. motion of prostitution as a criminal offense. In light of the District Attorney’s con- Egalité Maintenant continue aussi à faire campagne pour l’abrogation de la loi du tinuing inaction, Equality Now is exploring other avenues of recourse and continues to Népal qui criminalise l’avortement sans exception; il y a eu avant la fin de 2001 de work with women’s rights groups in sex tourism destination countries for prosecution of forts indices que cette loi sera bientôt United States based sex tour operators. abrogée. RESUMEN Igualdad Ya continúa su campaña en con- THE CRIMINALIZATION OF ABORTION IN NEPAL Equality Now continues to campaign for tra del turismo sexual, reclamando el enjuiciamiento de Big Apple Oriental reform of the law in Nepal, where any act of abortion is punishable by imprisonment, Tours, una agencia de Nueva York que organiza excursiones sexuales para hom- even in cases where the health or life of the mother is threatened, or the pregnancy is bres en Filipinas y Tailandia. Igualdad Ya continúa su campaña a favor de Denny the result of rape or incest. It is estimated that twelve women die every day in Nepal Baptiste y Haniff Hilaire, dos hombres as a result of pregnancy and that half of these deaths—six every day—result from condenados a pena de muerte en Trinidad y Tobago por su papel en el rescate de abortion-related complications. Legislative efforts to amend the law on abortion have Pamela Ramjattan, una mujer golpeada cuya condena de muerte fue revocada en been ongoing since 1994. There were strong indications by year-end 2001 that these 1999. Igualdad Ya también continúa su campaña por la revocación de una ley en efforts would soon be successful. Nepal que criminaliza el aborto sin excep- ciones; había fuertes indicios al final del 2001 que en poco tiempo esta ley sería revocada. TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO: A BATTERED WOMAN’S DEFENDERS Equality Now continues to call for commutation of the death sentences of Denny Baptiste and Haniff Hilaire, two men who rescued Pamela Ramjattan from her husband Alexander Jordan, who had con- tinually beaten, raped and threatened to shoot her. Pamela Ramjattan, Denny Baptiste and Haniff Hilaire were all sentenced to death for the killing of Alexander Jordan. In October 1999, Pamela Ramjattan’s murder conviction was overturned in light of newly considered evidence that she suffered from Battered Women’s Syndrome and her sentence reduced to five additional years on a reduced charge of manslaughter. As of year end 2001, however, Denny Baptiste and Haniff Hilaire remain on death row. Appeals on their behalf are pending in the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. 11 THE UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE

n 2001, Equality Now shifted the focus of its work with the United Nations Human Rights Committee. In the past Equality Now has regularly submitted information on Icountries that have reported to the Committee on their compliance with the Inter- national Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and are scheduled for review by the Committee. In 2000, the Human Rights Committee adopted new guidelines enabling it also to review countries that have failed to submit reports to the Committee as required by the Covenant, resulting in the fact that these countries have never come under the review process of the Committee. In many cases their reports are more than a decade over- due. Equality Now is supporting the implementation of these new guidelines, and after several sessions in which Equality Now engaged in a dialogue with the Committee regarding their application, the Committee agreed to take up one such country per session. In July 2001, Justice P.N. Bhagwati, the Chair of the Human Rights Committee, wrote to Equality Now expressing the Committee’s appreciation for Equality Now’s support and offer of assistance and announcing that it had scheduled two non-reporting countries, The Gambia and Suriname, for sequential consideration during its forth- coming sessions. In October 2001, having worked in collaboration with numerous international and national organizations, Equality Now submitted a report on The Gambia, partly based on which the Committee prepared a list of questions for transmission to the Government of The Gambia. The Government is expected to appear before the Committee in July 2002.

SOME QUESTIONS PUT BY THE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE TO THE GAMBIA The Gambian Constitution specifically exempts from the provisions on discrimination laws relating to personal law, including marriage, divorce and inheritance. What steps is the Government considering to eliminate practices and laws relating to marriage, authority in the family, divorce and inheritance that restrict women’s right to equality? Numerous allegations have been brought to the attention of the Committee to the effect that women are frequently discriminated against in practice. Please explain in detail the situation of women in the economic and social life of the country, in particular about the situation of women in employment, higher education, the private and public sector, and in Government. 12 The State party’s report to the SOMMAIRE CECILIA MEDINA QUIROGA, a Chilean Committee on the Rights of the Child En 2001, Egalité Maintenant a mis l’ac- lawyer, was elected to the United cent, dans son travail avec le Comité des indicates that families tend to sacrifice droits de l’homme des Nations unies, Nations Human sur le soutien de l’application des direc- tives nouvelles adoptées par le Comité Rights Com- the education of the girl child when en 2000, lesquelles l’autorise à examiner financial resources are inadequate to meet les pays qui manquent à leur obligation mittee in de soumettre les rapports requis par le December 1994. school fees. Please provide detailed Pacte international relatif aux droits civils et politiques. En juillet 2001, le From 1999 to information about policies on primary juge P.N. Bhagwati, président du 2000 she served Comité, a écrit à Egalité Maintenant school enrolment of boys and girls and exprimant la reconnaissance du Comité as Chair of the pour notre assistance. En octobre 2001, information about alleged discrimination Egalité Maintenant a soumis un rapport Committee. As sur la Gambie, sur lequel le Comité a en in primary education, especially vis-à-vis partie basé une liste de questions qu'il a Chair and as préparée pour le gouvernement de la a member of the the girl child. Gambie, qui doit paraître devant le Comité en juillet 2002. Human Rights What measures has the State party RESUMEN Committee, she has made a tremendous taken, or envisage taking, to reduce the contribution to the integration of En 2001, Igualdad Ya cambió el en- high incidence of maternal mortality in foque de su trabajo con el Comité de women’s rights in the jurisprudence of Derechos Humanos de Naciones Unidas the country? para apoyar la aplicación de nuevas the Committee. directrices adoptadas por el Comité en What are the legal, social and other el 2000, que lo habilitan para pasar revista a países que no han emitido los measures in place which are designed to protect women from domestic violence? To informes requeridos por el Pacto de Derechos Civiles y Políticos. En julio del what extent do women who are subject to domestic violence have access to shelters and 2001, el juez P.N. Baghwati, Jefe del Comité, escribió a Igualdad Ya expre- effective judicial redress? sando el agradecimiento del Comité por la ayuda de Igualdad Ya. En octubre de Please comment on reports brought to the Committee’s attention that female genital 2001, Igualdad Ya entregó un informe sobre Gambia, sobre el cual el Comité mutilation (FGM) is prevalent throughout the State party’s territory. What legal and basó en parte una lista de preguntas que preparó para el gobierno de Gambia. Se educational measures is the State party taking to combat the practice of FGM? espera que el gobierno de Gambia com- parezca ante el Comité en julio de 2002. What legal regulations has the State party adopted in respect of abortion where pregnancy results from rape? Does the State party envisage taking any measures that would abrogate the right to polygamous marriage? The Committee is informed that forced and/or early marriages are common in the State party, and that they affect in particular the girl child. What measures, legal, educational or otherwise, has the State party taken or envisaged taking to eliminate the practice of forced or early marriage?

FROM EQUALITY NOW’S SUBMISSION TO THE HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITTEE ON THE GAMBIA: The Constitution of the Second Republic of The Gambia contains wide-ranging pro- visions on the “Protection of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms,” including the right to equality and non-discrimination. There is, however, a very wide gap between The Gambia’s international obligations, its stated policies, and reality. One of the main factors that impedes the effective protection of human rights is the dominance of customary and religious law and a range of traditional, cultural and religious beliefs that perpetuate discriminatory and harmful practices.

13 AWAKEN A VOICE FOR THE ERADICATION OF FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION

“Dear Madam, waken is a publication created by Equality Now in 1997 to support organi- At a recent executive zations and individual activists working to end female genital mutilation meeting of PRIDE A(FGM). Awaken is a forum for information and discussion to promote (Programme for Rural better understanding and a more effective strategy for the eradication of this harm- Integrated Development), ful traditional practice. Awaken is published in English, Arabic and French to pro- it was unanimously mote its accessibility to grassroots activists in communities where FGM is practiced, agreed that we write to and it is distributed free of charge to groups and individuals in these communities. The following are excerpts from issues of Volume 5 of Awaken published in 2001: acknowledge our appreci- ation and gratitude for the BENIN Seventy-five practitioners of FGM in Benin have publicly renounced their trade support received from you and abandoned their knives earlier this month. Benin is considering a bill banning FGM. so far and to assure you that your publications are EGYPT Recent studies in Egypt have found progress in the movement for the eradica- of great blessings to us tion of female genital mutilation. Studies showed a decline in the prevalence of the and are judiciously put into practice as well as a change in the attitudes of Egyptian women towards the practice. use. Your materials have helped us to get in touch GUINEA-CONAKRY On 10 May 2001, 300 circumcisers gathered in the district of with other organizations Matam for a ceremonial drop of their knives, renouncing FGM. The ceremony follows for support. They have specifically helped us to focus our FGM ideas and programmes. Once more thank you. Letter” to Equality Now from Williams Alagma, Executive Director, PRIDE, Ghana

14 similar others carried out by circumcisers in Kouroussa on 6 November 1999 and SOMMAIRE circumcisers in Kérouané on 2 June 2000. L’Eveil est une publication lancée en 1997 par Egalité Maintenant pour sou- tenir les organisations et les activistes in- dividuels qui travaillent pour mettre fin INDONESIA According to reports, Christian women and men living in a small Indo- à la mutilation génitale féminine (MGF). L’Eveil est un forum pour les nesian island were forced to convert to Islam and to undergo circumcision as part of a informations et pour la discussion, qui encourage une meilleure compréhension violent religious conflict. de la MGF, et des stratégies plus effi- caces pour y mettre fin. Les numéros de l’Eveil comprennent des articles de fond KENYA A 64-year-old female circumciser was jailed after she was convicted of man- qui mettent en lumière quelque aspect d’activisme, des nouvelles sur la MGF slaughter for the death of a 14-year-old girl who died after undergoing FGM on de partout dans le monde, une liste de ressources, et un dialogue continu entre 8August 1999 in Meru North District. hommes sur la suppression de la MGF. On a fourni ici quelques extraits de l’Eveil, qui est publié en anglais, en NIGERIA Members of the National Assembly of the Delta State in southern Nigeria arabe, et en français. passed a law banning female genital mutilation on 10 April 2001. Hundreds of women RESUMEN gathered in the gallery of the Assembly to witness the passing of the bill. Awaken es una publicación fundada en 1997 por Igualdad Ya para apoyar orga- nizaciones y activistas quienes trabajan SPAIN Doctors at Spanish hospitals in areas with large populations of African immigrants para poner fin a la mutilación genital feminina (MGF). Awaken es un foro de from FGM-practicing communities have encountered dozens of cases of girls who return información y discusión para promover una mejor comprensión y una estrategia with their genitals cut after being taken on holiday to the parents’ home countries. Health efectiva para la erradicación de la MGF. Las ediciones de Awaken contienen and law professionals are now debating whether a special law needs to be passed. artículos sobre activismo, noticias de todo el mundo relacionadas con la MGF, listas de recursos y un diálogo UGANDA Whereas 10,000 girls underwent FGM in 1999, new figures indicate fewer permanente entre hombres sobre la erradicación de la MGF. En esta página, than 4,000 girls were circumcised in 2000. incluímos algunas selecciones de Awaken, que se publica en ingles, arábi- go y francés. UNITED KINGDOM The Prohibition of Female Circumcision Act was passed in 1985. Despite evidence that FGM continues in this country there have been no prosecutions to date.

YEMEN The Yemen Ministry of Health passed a resolution in January 2001 banning operations of circumcision administered to females in health centers in some parts of the country.

Page 14: Mothers in an anti-FGM workshop run by the Coptic Evangelical Organization for Social Services, Egypt. Above: Group of ex-circumcisers, Guinea-Conakry. 15 THE FGM FUND

In 2001, Equality Now formalized the FGM Fund for Grassroots Activism, in an effort to help channel financial support to local outreach initiatives to stop the Ipractice of female genital mutilation (FGM). Equality Now believes that supporting grassroots efforts to eradicate FGM is the key to the success of the campaign against FGM. Through the FGM Fund, five organizations received support in 2001:

EGYPT The Coptic Evangelical Organization for Social Services (CEOSS). CEOSS works to end FGM through a community-based approach, involving door-to-door visits and staying in touch with each target family for a period of time until they understand the harmful nature of the practice, the fact that it is not a religious requirement, and that FGM is not necessary to ensure that their daughters will be able to marry. Target families are those with daughters between the ages of 10 to 13. In September Equality Now’s Africa Regional Director Faiza Jama Mohamed joined CEOSS for some of these discussions and was told by one mother, who had witnessed a young girl almost bleed to death, that when she learned the bleeding was the result of FGM, on that day she decided that she would never subject her daughters to the practice.

GUINEA-CONAKRY Cellule de Coordination sur les Pratiques Traditionelles Affectant la Santé des Femmes et des Enfants (CPTAFE). CPTAFE works to change public opinion through mass media. Equality Now’s Africa Regional Director visited the Rural Radio in Labe (Middle Guinea), where three-month programs are aired and followed by local community sessions. In the villages, musicians provide entertainment with anti-FGM

16 songs, members of the community are invited to participate in a competition on SOMMAIRE knowledge about FGM, and they are asked to come up with actions they can take to En 2001, Egalité Maintenant a consti- tué le Fonds anti-MGF pour Activisme fight FGM. CPTAFE also mobilizes religious authorities to speak out publicly against de la Base, pour aider à canaliser des fonds aux initiatives locales pour met- FGM, and motivates circumcisers to stop performing FGM through skills training and tre fin à la pratique de la MGF. Grâce funding to start income generating activities using their newly acquired skills. For those au Fonds anti-MGF, cinq organisations ont reçu du soutien en 2001: who decide to abandon FGM, there are public ceremonies in which the circumcisers l'Organisation évangélique copte pour les Services sociaux (Egypte); la Cellule drop their knives. de Coordination sur les Pratiques Traditionnelles Affectant la Santé des Femmes et des Enfants (Guinée- KENYA Centre for Human Rights and Democracy (CHRD). On 13 December 2000 Edna Conakry); le Centre pour les Droits de l’Homme et la Démocratie (Kenya); and Beatrice Kandie, sisters aged 17 and 15 respectively, secured an historic court ruling l’Initiative du Pouvoir des Filles from a magistrate in the Rift Valley Province, (Nigeria); et le Centre pour les Droits humains et juridiques (Tanzanie). ordering their father not to subject them to female genital mutilation. District Magistrate Daniel RESUMEN En el 2001, Igualdad Ya estableció un Ochenja issued a permanent injunction barring Fondo para el Activismo de Base contra Mr. Kandie from circumcising his daughters after la MGF, para ayudar a canalizar apoyo financiero a iniciativas locales de activi- a hearing at which they were represented by dades de información para poner fin a la práctica de la MGF. A través del CHRD, where they had fled for protection. Fondo contra la MGF, cinco organiza- Through the FGM Fund Equality Now supported ciones recibieron apoyo en el 2001: la Organización Evangélica Cóptica para a subsequent speaking tour for the Kandie sisters los Servicios Sociales (Egipto); la Célula de Coordinación sobre las Prác- in their province, organized by CHRD, to talk to ticas Tradicionales que Afectan a la Salud other girls about the dangers of FGM and their legal victory, which saved them from de las Mujeres y los Niños (Guinea- Conakry); el Centro por los Derechos the practice. Humanos y la Democracia (Kenya); Iniciativa de Poder de las Niñas (Nigeria); y el Centro Legal y de Dere- NIGERIA Girls’ Power Initiative (GPI). With support from the FGM Fund, GPI chos Humanos (Tanzania). undertook an FGM intervention project in Cross River State and Edo State. The project began with a workshop in February, held to draw the attention of the public to the issue of FGM and to train field workers to carry out community advocacy in two rural communities in Cross River State and two in Edo State. The workshop also publicized the legislation against FGM in these two states. The field workers, in their community outreach efforts, initially encountered suspicion but found that many who started out strongly supporting the practice were able to change their minds following discussion. A video depicting the dangers of FGM, Scars of Womanhood, was shown in outreach efforts, followed by a facilitated discussion, and found to be particularly helpful in raising the issues and mobilizing communities to stop the practice.

TANZANIA Legal and Human Rights Centre (LHRC). The FGM Fund grant to the LHRC was related to the case in Morogoro of three sisters who unsuccessfully tried to escape FGM and were returned by the police to their father, who had them forcibly circumcised and married. LHRC documented the case and worked with Equality Now on a Women’s Action mobilizing international public pressure for more effective enforce- ment of the Tanzanian law against FGM (see page 6). Through the FGM Fund, LHRC obtained support for its investigation into the possibility of a private prosecution of the father of these girls, for an initiative to sensitize police officials in Page 16: Girls participating in an the Morogoro region to prevent future similar incidents, and to provide training on anti-FGM village ceremony, Guinea- Conakry. Above: Edna (left) and legal and human rights aspects of FGM for trainers working in villages in the region. Beatrice (right) Kandie, Kenya. 17 V-DAY GATHERING TO END VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN

n 10 February 2001, the V-Day Gathering to End OViolence Against Women took place, organized by Equality Now on behalf of V-Day, a movement to end violence against women founded by playwright/activist Eve Ensler. The Gathering was held in New York at in conjunction with V-Day 2001, a gala benefit performance of Eve Ensler’s play . Above: Regina Bandler, 2001 STOP- RAPE Contest winner, Brazil. Below: The Gathering to End Violence Eve Ensler addressing the Gathering. Against Women marked the culmina- Right page: top left, Joan Osborne and Taina Bien-Aimé; top right, tion of the V-Day 2001 STOP-RAPE Jennifer Jadwero, 13, STOP-RAPE Contest Winner, Kenya; center, Contest, an initiative designed to pro- STOP-RAPE Contest Regional mote creative ideas and public dis- Coordinators, clockwise from left:

Susana Chiarotti, Colette De Troy, cussion on how to end rape. Equality JOANNIE M. CHEN Shabnam Hashmi, Stella Makanya, Codou Bop, Rada Borich, Cherreka Now convened an international team of eleven Regional Coordinators to implement the Montgomery, Asma Khader, and STOP-RAPE Contest. Sixty finalists from more than forty countries, chosen by the Taina Bien-Aimé; bottom, The V-Day Gathering emcee Sarah Jones. Regional Coordinators, came to the V-Day Gathering to present their ideas in a day- long session emceed by playwright/actor Sarah Jones. Three ideas were chosen as winners and received funding for implementation, together with eight finalists—one from each other region—who also received support for implementation. Among these winning ideas are anti- rape youth clubs in Kenya, the production of bread bags for bakeries in Germany with anti-rape messages, street theater on violence against women in Brazil, and a bi- weekly radio show in Mongolia on rape. Equality Now continued its collaboration with V-Day following the Gathering, coordinating the V-Day 2002 STOP-RAPE Contest, assisting ten Regional Coordinators, all activists in their regions, in their worldwide initiative

ERIC T. MICHELSON to solicit and support new and creative ideas to end rape. 18 SOMMAIRE Le 10 février 2001, le Rassemblement V-Day pour Mettre Fin à la Violence Contre les Femmes a eu lieu, organisé par Egalité Maintenant au nom de V-Day, mouvement pour mettre fin à la violence contre les femmes fondé par Eve Ensler, dramaturge et activiste. Le Rassemblement a eu lieu à New York, à l’arène Madison Square Garden, con- jointement avec V-Day 2001, où il y a eu une représentation de bienfaisance de la pièce d’Eve Ensler, Les Monologues du Vagin. Ce spectacle a marqué l’aboutissement du Concours ANTIVIOL V-Day 2001, initiative conçue pour encourager les idées nova- trices et la discussion publique sur les moyens de supprimer le viol. Egalité Maintenant a convoqué une équipe internationale d’onze coordinatrices régionales pour mettre en oeuvre le Concours ANTIVIOL. Les trois idées qui ont gagné—du Brésil, du Kenya et de l’Allemagne—ont reçu des fonds

ERIC T. MICHELSON JOANNIE M. CHEN pour leur mise en oeuvre, de même qu’une finaliste de chacune des sept autres régions. RESUMEN El 10 de febrero del 2001, se realizó el Encuentro del V-Day para Poner Fin a la Violencia, organizada por Igualdad Ya en representación del V-Day, un movimi- ento para poner fin a la violencia contra las mujeres, fundado por la dramaturga y activista Eve Ensler. El Encuentro se llevó a cabo en Nueva York, en el Madison Square Garden, junto con el V-Day 2001, una actuación beneficia de la obra de Eve Ensler Los Monólogos de la Vagina. Este evento marcó la culminación del Con- curso ¡A PARAR LA VIOLACIÓN! del V-Day 2001, una iniciativa diseñada para promover ideas creativas y discusión pública de cómo poner fin a la viola- ción. Igualdad Ya convocó a un equipo internacional de once coordinadores re- gionales para implementar el Concurso ¡A PARAR LA VIOLACIÓN! Las tres ideas ganadoras—provenientes de Brasil, Kenya y Alemania—recibieron financia- miento para su implementación, y tam- bién recibió financiamiento una finalista de cada una de las otras siete regiones. JOANNIE M. CHEN 19 THE LAWYERS’ ALLIANCE FOR WOMEN (LAW) PROJECT

n 2001, Equality Now established a new initiative, The Lawyers’ Alliance for Women (LAW) Project, an effort to support women around the world who are Iincreasingly using the law to promote equality rights for women. The LAW Project was created following an international meeting of lawyers in Nairobi in June, organized by the Africa Regional Office of Equality Now and featuring a presentation of sex equality theory by Professor Catharine MacKinnon. The goal of the meeting, which was chaired by Judge Navanethem Pillay, President of the United Nations International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, was to bring together theoretical concepts and practical realities to strategize new and innovative ways of liti- gating for sex equality internationally on behalf of women and girls. Lawyers from 23 countries including Brazil, Bangladesh, Cameroun, China, Ethiopia, Hungary, India, Japan, Jordan, the Philippines, Tunisia and Zimbabwe attended this meeting and partici- pated in panels on Rape, Domestic Violence, Trafficking in Women, Reproductive Rights, Sexual Harassment and Property Rights. In addition to discussion of theory, practice,

20 and strategy, the meeting included a day of activism in SOMMAIRE which delegations of the lawyers visited a number of En 2001, Egalité Maintenant a fondé le Projet de l’Alliance des Avocats pour la embassies to advocate the repeal of discriminatory laws. Femme (le Projet LAW), initiative con- çue pour aider les femmes du monde en- In November 2001, The LAW Project organized a tier à utiliser la loi pour promouvoir workshop, jointly with the University of Michigan Law l’égalité. Le Projet LAW a été fondé à la suite d’une réunion internationale d’av- School and in collaboration with the United Nations ocats venus de 23 pays du monde entier, tenue à Nairobi en juin. En novembre, Division for the Advancement of Women, on the le Projet LAW a organisé un groupe de travail, avec la faculté de droit de l’uni- Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination versité de Michigan et en collaboration of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women avec la Division de la Promotion de la Femme de l’ONU, sur le Protocole fac- (CEDAW). This Protocol, which came into force in ultatif se rapportant à la Convention des Nations unies sur l’élimination de toutes December 2000, represents a new avenue of recourse for les formes de discrimination à l’égard women to claim their sex equality rights under CEDAW des femmes. Plus de quinze avocats venus de pays qui ont signé ou ratifié le directly against their governments in an international Protocole facultatif ont participé au groupe de travail pour discuter d’affaires forum. More than fifteen lawyers from countries that qui pourraient être déférées au tribunal. Le Projet LAW est co-dirigé par Cath- have signed or ratified the Optional Protocol including arine MacKinnon, professeur de la fac- Austria, Bangladesh, Bolivia, the Dominican Republic, ulté de droit des universités de Michigan et de Chicago, et par Jessica Neuwirth, France, Hungary, Italy, Malawi, Mauritius, the Philip- présidente d’Egalité Maintenant. pines and Senegal came to the workshop, which was designed to identify and explore possible cases that could RESUMEN En el 2001, Igualdad Ya estableció el be brought under the Optional Protocol. The cases that Proyecto Alianza de Abogadas para la Mujer (el Proyecto LAW), una iniciativa were discussed and developed cover a range of issues para apoyar a las mujeres en todo el including domestic violence, rape, labor law, and citizen- mundo utilizando la ley para promover la igualdad. El Proyecto LAW fue creado ship law. The meeting was chaired by Justice Elizabeth luego de una reunión internacional de abogadas de 23 países de todo el Evatt, former Chair of CEDAW. Jane Connors, Chief of mundo, realizada en Nairobi en el mes de junio. En noviembre, el Proyecto the Women’s Rights Unit of the UN Division for the LAW organizó un taller sobre el Pro- Advancement of Women, Professor Andrew Byrnes and tocolo Opcional de la CEDAW, con la Facultad de Derecho de la Universidad Professor Catharine MacKinnon served as expert resource de Michigan y en colaboración con la División para el Adelanto de la Mujer de persons for the meeting. la ONU. Más de quince abogadas de The LAW Project is co-directed by Catharine países que han firmado o ratificado el Protocolo Opcional asistieron al taller MacKinnon, Professor of Law at the Universities of para discutir los posibles casos que se podrían presentar. El Proyecto LAW es Michigan and Chicago Law Schools, and Jessica Neuwirth, co-dirigido por Catharine MacKinnon, Profesora de Ley en las Universidades de President of Equality Now. In November 2001, on behalf Michigan y Chicago, y Jessica Neu- of The LAW Project, Jessica Neuwirth testified at a hear- wirth, Presidenta de Igualdad Ya. ing of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights on violence against women, organized by the Center for Justice and International Law (CEJIL). The LAW Project is advising the Latin American and Caribbean Com- mittee for the Defense of Women’s Rights (CLADEM) in its role as co-petitioner with CEJIL in the matter of MZ, a rape case from Bolivia pending before the Inter- American Commission on Human Rights.

Left page, top to bottom: Kenya Attorney General Amos Wako and Jessica Neuwirth; International Lawyers’ Meeting participants, Nairobi. Above, top to bottom: At the International Lawyers’ Meeting in Nairobi, June: Catharine MacKinnon (US) with Indira Jaising (India); Cheng Jie (China) with Susana Chiarotti (Argentina); At the LAW Project CEDAW Optional Protocol Workshop in Michigan, November: Justice Elizabeth Evatt (Chair); Andrew Byrnes (Australia); and Julieta Montaño (Bolivia). 21 EQUALITY NOW TAKING ACTION

quality Now undertook a number of public outreach initiatives during the year to highlight human rights violations against women. In October/November E2001, as a follow up to the Beijing + 5 Campaign on Discriminatory Laws, the play Women Can’t Wait!, commissioned by Equality Now and written and performed by Sarah Jones to highlight the impact of discriminatory laws on women’s lives, was brought to India and Nepal in collaboration with CREA, an Indian women’s rights organization, and The Forum for Women, Law and Development in Nepal. The three week, five city tour provided an opportunity to continue the campaign for an end to discrim- inatory laws as well as to increase and solidify Equality Now’s contacts in India and Nepal. In October 2001, a shorter but equally successful tour of Women Can’t Wait! went to Slovenia. Numerous other performances took place in the United States as well. On 29 November 2001, Jessica This page: Top to bottom: Press Neuwirth testified on behalf of coverage of the Women Can’t Wait! tour to Slovenia, October 2001; Equality Now before the US House Jessica Neuwirth meeting with Committee on International Relations lawyer Alex Mgongolwa in Dar es Salaam to discuss a private prose- on the issue of sex trafficking, welcoming cution related to an FGM case in Tanzania. Page 23: Pamela Shifman the passage of the Trafficking Victims Protection (right) at the Asian Development Act the previous year and urging that the Research Institute in Patna, India, November 2001. legislation be implemented to ensure the prosecu- tion of traffickers who use the desperation of women in poverty to sustain the commercial sex industry. Also in November, Pamela Shifman undertook a speaking tour in India on behalf of Equality Now on the issue of trafficking. Throughout the year The LAW Project of Equality Now explored various ways in which to complement the Women’s Action Network with targeted legal action, focusing particularly on the Women’s Action on FGM in

22 SOMMAIRE Egalité Maintenant a entrepris un nom- bre d’initiatives destinées au public au cours de l’année pour mettre en lumière des violations des droits humains de la femme. La pièce Women Can’t Wait! («Les femmes ne peuvent pas attendre!»), oeuvre écrite et interprétée par Sarah Jones et commandée par Egalité Main- tenant pour mettre en lumière la législa- tion discriminatoire, a fait une tournée de trois semaines de durée dans cinq villes en Inde et au Népal. La pièce a aussi été jouée en Slovénie, de même que dans plusieurs villes aux Etats-Unis. En no- vembre 2001, Egalité Maintenant a fait une déposition devant la Commission des relations étrangères de la Chambre des représentants américaine sur l’appli- cation de l’Acte de protection des vic- times de la traite. En novembre aussi, Egalité Maintenant a lancé une tournée Tanzania as well as the Women’s Action on New York-based sex tourism agency Big en Inde pour parler de la traite. Pendant toute l’année, le Projet LAW a exploré Apple Oriental Tours. des moyens de compléter les efforts du Equality Now also participated in numerous campaigns coordinated by other Réseau d’Action Femmes par des pour- suites judiciaires spécifiques. organizations, such as A Call to Accountability, a campaign on the sexual abuse of Roman Catholic nuns directed at the Vatican and organized by Catholics for a Free RESUMEN Choice, as well as You Are Not Alone, a campaign on behalf of Aung San Suu Kyi Igualdad Ya llevó a cabo una serie de ini- ciativas de actividades de información organized by the Free Burma Coalition. In addition, Equality Now wrote letters in públicas durante el año, para resaltar violaciones de derechos humanos contra support of several other organizations facing difficulties, such as Women on Waves, las mujeres. Las Mujeres no Pueden Esperar!, una obra de teatro escrita y which had been denied a license by the Dutch government that would have enabled it actuada por Sarah Jones y comisionada to perform abortions from its boat, moored in international waters. por Igualdad Ya para resaltar leyes dis- criminatorias, viajó a India y Nepal en On 11 December, at its annual Human Rights Day reception hosted by Maurine and una gira de tres semanas por cinco ciu- dades. También fue presentada en Robert Rothschild in New York, Equality Now noted its upcoming tenth anniversary in Eslovenia, así como también en varias ciudades de Estados Unidos. En no- 2002 and announced plans to use the occasion throughout the year to highlight human viembre del 2001, Igualdad Ya declaró ante el Comité de Relaciones Exteriores rights violations against women and to mobilize activism to end all forms of violence de la Cámara de Diputados sobre la apli- and discrimination against women. cación de la Ley de Protección de Víctimas del Tráfico Humano. También en noviembre, Igualdad Ya realizó una gira de presentaciones en India sobre el tráfico humano. Durante todo el año, el FROM EQUALITY NOW’S TESTIMONY TO THE US HOUSE COMMITTEE ON Proyecto LAW exploró maneras como complementar los esfuerzos de la Red de INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS HEARING ON TRAFFICKING, 29 NOVEMBER 2001 Acción Mujeres con acción legal dirigida. The passage last year of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act was a significant step forward in the battle against trafficking. The legislation strengthens our capacity to ensure the prosecution of traffickers, as well as the protection of trafficking victims. It is also helping us hold governments around the world accountable for their inaction, which allows traffickers to operate with impunity. Among the Congressional findings set forth in the Trafficking Victims Protection Act is the link between poverty and sexual exploitation. While many women and girls are trafficked by force, fraud or coercion into the international sex trade, others are lured by those who prey on the desperation of their poverty. These profiteers are traffickers under the definition. It is our hope that the legislation, as it relates to sex trafficking, will be implemented in the spirit of understanding that the commercial sex industry as a whole promotes trafficking. Initiatives designed to give women and girls real alternatives, through education and employment, and other initiatives that help women in prostitution get out of the industry are a better investment in the campaign to end trafficking—an effort that is undermined by attempts to make it a safe and legal industry.

23 THE ACTIVISTS OF EQUALITY NOW ROSEMARY SULLIVAN JENNY WARBURG

This page, left column, top to bottom: Robin Morgan; Mary Ciugu; Mary Whitmore; Ann Syauta and Keith Gauger. Center column, top to bottom: Amanda Sullivan and Adrienne Gombos; Jacqui Hunt and Taina Bien- Aimé; Tsinu Tesfaye and Bethany Hurley. Right column, top to bottom: Faiza Jama Mohamed; Jessica Neuwirth. Right page, top to bottom: Gloria Steinem; Taina Bien- Aimé; Equality Now Board Members, left to right: Jacqui Hunt, Susana Chiarotti, Jessica Neuwirth, Asma Khader, Meaza Ashenafi, Taina Bien-Aimé, Sapana Pradhan-Malla, and Navanethem Pillay, Honorary Chair. 24 Navanethem Pillay Honorary Chair

BOARD OF DIRECTORS Jessica Neuwirth, President Taina Bien-Aimé, Treasurer Jacqui Hunt, Secretary Susana Chiarotti Sapana Pradhan-Malla Meaza Ashenafi Asma Khader

ADVISORY COUNCIL Deborah Taylor Ashford Winnie Byanyima Nozizwe Madlala-Routledge Hanny Megally ROSEMARY SULLIVAN Robin Morgan Elizabeth Odio Benito Indira Rana Maurine Rothschild Gloria Steinem Rose Styron Liz Young

STAFF Jessica Neuwirth, President Taina Bien-Aimé, Executive Director Pamela Shifman, Associate Director Faiza Jama Mohamed, Africa Regional Director Amanda Sullivan, Director, Women’s Action Network Tsinu Tesfaye, V-Day Liaison, Awaken Editor Ann Syauta, Asia Program Director Bethany Hurley, Executive Assistant Mary Whitmore, Office Manager Mary Ciugu, Africa Regional Office Manager ROSEMARY SULLIVAN Keith Gauger, Manager of Information Systems

THE LAW PROJECT Catharine A. MacKinnon, Co-Director Jessica Neuwirth, Co-Director

CONSULTANTS Lia Dover Kenneth J. Franzblau Bonnie Greenfield Jacqui Hunt Karolyn Irvin (Kiwi Partners) Laleh Javaheri-Saatchi Shoji Masuzawa

TRANSLATORS Asma Abdel Halim Elena Arengo Jana Talton 25 FRIENDS OF EQUALITY NOW

Ellen Chesler Equality Now would like to Coalition Against Trafficking in thank these individuals and Women organizations for their advice, Steve Coleman Daniela Colombo encouragement and support. Jane Connors Judy Corcoran Asma Abdel Halim Larry Cox Tatiana Abdushukurova Bob Coyle Maha Abu-Dayyeh Shamas CREA Sudha Acharya Charmaine Crockett Amina Adam Barbara Crossette AIDOS Senator Tom Daschle Archers Tours and Travel Sheila Dauer Azizah al-Hibri Suzy De Blois Muna Ali Colette De Troy Susan Allee Esther de Vreede Melissa Alonso Krishanti Dharmaraj Sara Amiryar Puja Dhawan Felice Gaer International Alert Kelly Andrade Anna Diamantopoulou Kim Gandy International Women’s Health Dorothe Appels Mary Diaz Norma Gattsek Coalition Karen Asare Mary Dixon Adrienne Germain Patricia Ireland David Bale Paula Dobriansky Ashraf Ghani Mahnaz Ispahani Carmen Barroso Marta Drury Andrea Gibson Jennifer Jackman Barbara Bergmann Chris Eijkmans Joseph Gitari Greg Jackson Bertelsmann, Inc. Leila Enayat-Seraj Barbara Glispin Asma Jahangir Nicole Bibbins Eve Ensler Global Fund for Women Nicola Johnston Carole Black Steve Errick Ann Glauber Sarah Jones Bob Boneberg Maia Ettinger Adrienne & Ervin Gombos Veronica Jordan Rada Borich Elizabeth Evatt Jan Goodwin Nancy Kairo Summer Boslaugh European Women’s Lobby Virginia Gordan Kris Kane Senator Barbara Boxer Fairview Hotel Cécile Gréboval Carol Kaplan Marcia Brewster Safia Farhat Ruchira Gupta Fauziya Kassindja Senator Sam Brownback feminist.com Shafiqa Habibi Jenifer Keiser Ariane Brunet The Feminist Majority Maeira Halpern Tom Kelly Mary Ann Burris FIDA Kenya The Hardisty Family Peggy Kerry Patrick & Aimee Butler Family Shelley Fischel Kristina Hare-Lyons Shakila Khalje Foundation Sally Fisher Marguerite Harris Kristina Kiehl Twiss Butler Wendy Flick Laura Hegedus Angela King Andrew Byrnes Julie Floch Noeleen Heyzer Glenys Kinnock Colleen Cannon Jane Fonda Felicity Hill Antonia Kirkland Centre for the Strategic Initiatives Foundation Press Home Box Office Frances Kissling of Women Alison Friedman Donna Hughes Tufan Kolan Deborah Charlemagne Denise Fuchs Rana Husseini The Kopp Family Foundation Joannie M. Chen Brad Fuss Pinar Ilkkaracan Ralph & Suellen Koppel ROSEMARY SULLIVAN ROSEMARY SULLIVAN 26 Debbie Kranzler Latham & Watkins Kate Lauer Laura Lederer Carol Le Duc Nadine Lefebvre Jeffrey S. Lehman Dorchen Leidholdt Jane Levikow John Levin & Diane Keefe Alyn Levin-Hadar Lifetime Television Susan Linnee Theresa Loar Daniel Loeb US Representative Carolyn Maloney Mama Cash Sharon Payte Julie Shaw Allert van den Hamm Marie Claire Pearl Jam Zieba Shorish-Shamley V-Day Hadassah B. Markson Barbara Phillips Denise Shull Vitalogy Health Foundation Mary McPhail Lynnise Phillips David Silverberg Claire von Schilling Cecilia Medina Quiroga Tara Polen Leni Silverstein Sima Wali Stephanie Mermin Katha Pollitt Marlise Simons Meredith Wagner Marianne Meyer Anastasia Posadskaya-Vanderbeck Institute Dylan Wanagiel Eric T. Michelson Kavita Ramdas Emily Sklar Jenny Warburg Thomas Middelhoff Janice Raymond Eleanor Smeal Cora Weiss Myriam Miedzian Sharon Renier Julia Smith Jody Weiss Marilyn Mazin Miller Amy Richards Kathleen Smith Westwind Travel US Representative Juanita Anthony Richter Carol Smolensky Jonathan Willens & Julia Millender-MacDonald Hilary Robe Ellen Sprenger Beardwood Sean Moore Blanche Robertson Caren Spruch Nathan Williams Gayle Morgan Mary Robinson Natalie Steinberg Marie Wilson Robin Morgan Kathy Rodgers Gloria Steinem Women’s Commission for Refugee Ms. Foundation for Women Maurine & Robert Rothschild Henry Steiner Women and Children Marion Mugo Khadija Rouganny Meryl Streep Women’s EDGE Betty Murungi Arundhati Roy Rose Styron Women’s Environmental and Gail Nash Brown Barnett Rubin Rosemary Sullivan Development Organization National Organization for Women Miles & Nancy Rubin Arthur Ochs Sulzberger Jr. Gail Wong Gloria S. Neuwirth Joan Ruddock Lori Sutherland Lian Yearout Laura Neuwirth Sahar Saba Susan Celia Swan Liz Young Michael Neuwirth Surita Sandosham Margery Tabankin June Zeitlin Robert S. Neuwirth Shira Saperstein Judy Thongori Steven H. and Alida Brill Scheuer Mildred Newman (in memoriam) Maj Britt Theorin Page 26, top, left to right: Eve Ensler, & Bernard Berkowitz Rudolf Scheffer Christina Thodt Joan Ruddock (back), Noeleen Mildred Ngesa Margaret Schink Anna Thum Heyzer. Page 26, bottom, left to right: Adeena Niazi Jan Schneiderman Amin Tijani Rosemary Sullivan; Kristina Hare- Queen Noor of Jordan Patricia Schroeder Heidi Troester Lyons; Maha Abu-Dayyeh Shamas; Christiana Norgren Debra Schultz Donna Turk Jane Connors; Robert Rothschild. NOW Legal Defense and Julia Scott United Nations Development Fund Page 27, top, left to right: Sahar Education Fund Alan Seget for Women Saba (blurred intentionally), Soraya Open Society Institute Rebecca Sellen United Nations Division for the Paikan, Meryl Streep, Adeena Niazi, Joan Osborne Promita Sengupta Advancement of Women Leila Enayat-Seraj, and Shafiqa Hibaaq Osman Farida Shaheed The University of Michigan Law Habibi. Page 27, bottom, left to right: Mariam Osman Willa Shalit School Sima Wali; Krisztina Morvai; Sylvia Soraya Paikan Raja Shamas Urgent Action Fund Tamale; Judy Thongori; Mildred Denise Parmentier Ritu Sharma Urvashi Vaid Newman.

IN MEMORIAM

27 2001 2000 ASSETS As of 12/31 As of 12/31 STATEMENT Cash and cash equivalents $1,032,771 $430,438 Investments 1,032 1,022 OF FINANCIAL Grants receivable 336,446 460,875 Accounts receivable 11,314 994 Prepaid expenses 28,871 17,761 POSITION Property and equipment, net 37,846 34,517 Other assets 19,404 9,554 Total assets $1,467,684 $955,161 LIABILITIES Liabilities Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ 159,263 $ 48,742 Refundable advances — — Deferred rent — 11,423 Fiscal sponsorships 54,329 — Total liabilities $ 213,592 60,165 NET ASSETS Unrestricted $ 915,294 355,974 Temporarily restricted 338,798 539,022 Total net assets 1,254,092 894,996 Total liabilities and net assets $1,467,684 $955,161

UNRESTRICTED NET ASSETS 2001 2000 STATEMENT PUBLIC SUPPORT AND REVENUE Contributions and grants OF ACTIVITIES Foundations $1,499,305 $705,741 Individual donors 229,414 155,104 Corporations 211,735 24,939 Legacies and bequests 88,432 — Special events, net 12,926 38,235 Donated goods and services 65,745 156,066 Investment income 14,495 12,351 Other income 6,887 6,863 Net realized and unrealized gains on investments 322 332 Public support and revenue before net assets 2,129,261 1,099,631 released from restrictions Net assets released from restrictions 285,224 397,853 Total public support and revenue 2,414,485 1,497,484 EXPENSES Program services Women’s Action Network 562,541 582,745 FGM Program 101,255 159,638 UN Human Rights Committee 31,982 73,052 Africa Office 75,867 132,451 V-Day STOP-RAPE Contest 377,945 243,655 Afghan Women’s Summit for Democracy 305,816 — The LAW Project 41,245 — Lawyers’ Meeting 71,167 — Total program expenses 1,567,818 1,191,541 Supporting services Management and general 198,795 171,336 Fundraising 88,552 71,348 Total supporting services 287,347 242,684

Certain amounts have been Total expenses 1,855,165 1,434,225 reclassified in the fiscal year 2000 financial statements to conform Increase in unrestricted net assets 559,320 63,259 to the fiscal year 2001 presenta- TEMPORARILY RESTRICTED NET ASSETS tion. Copies of the complete, audited reports may be obtained Contributions 85,000 792,875 Net assets released from restrictions (285,224) (397,853) from Equality Now or from the State of New York, Department Increase in temporarily restricted net assets (200,224) 395,022 of Law, Office of Charities Total increase in temporarily restricted and unrestricted net assets 359,096 458,281 Registration, The Capitol, Net assets: January 1 894,996 436,715 Albany, NY 12223. Net assets: December 31 $1,254,092 $894,996 28 FOUNDATION AND CORPORATE SUPPORT 2001 Equality Now wishes to acknowledge and thank the following foundations and corporations for their support: Bertelsmann, Inc. Bydale Foundation Dreitzer Foundation Ford Foundation Home Box Office Jana Foundation John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Moriah Fund NOVIB Payton Foundation Ruben & Elisabeth Rausing Trust Streisand Foundation Ruth Turner Fund V-Day Fund

AFGHAN WOMEN’S SUMMIT FOR DEMOCRACY On behalf of the Summit convenors, Equality Now wishes to thank the following for their support of the Afghan Women’s Summit: Ford Foundation Global Fund for Women Open Society Institute Pearl Jam Seymour 1989 Trust UNIFEM V-Day Fund

Cover photos: Left, Afghan women walking in . Right, Afghan girls at a refugee camp in Pakistan. Photos by Jessica Neuwirth.