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Diversidad En La Fauna De Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) De Las Costas Del Noroeste De México

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Diversidad En La Fauna De Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) De Las Costas Del Noroeste De México UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE NUEVO LEÓN FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Diversidad en la fauna de Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) de las costas del Noroeste de México. Gerardo Góngora Garza Como requisito parcial para obtener el Grado de Doctor en Ciencias Biológicas Con Acentuación en Manejo de Vida Silvestre y Desarrollo Sustentable Diciembre de 2011 Diversidad en la fauna de Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) de las costas del Noroeste de México. Diversidad en la fauna de Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) de las costas del Noroeste de México. Comité de Tesis _____________________________________ Dr. Jesús Ángel de León González Director de Tesis _____________________________________ Dr. Guillermo San Martin Peral Director Externo _____________________________________ Dr. Gabino Adrián Rodríguez Almaraz Secretario ____________________________________ Dr. Carlos Solís Rojas Vocal ____________________________________ Dr. Alejandro González Hernández Vocal i Diversidad en la fauna de Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) de las costas del Noroeste de México. Si el dinero se repartiera, como se distribuyen los poliquetos en los distintos hábitats marinos, todo el mundo sería inmensamente rico. ii Diversidad en la fauna de Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) de las costas del Noroeste de México. 1. RESUMEN ........................................................................................................................ 1 2. ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... 2 3. INTRODUCCIÓN ............................................................................................................. 3 4. HIPÓTESIS ....................................................................................................................... 5 5. OBJETIVOS ...................................................................................................................... 6 6. ANTECEDENTES ............................................................................................................ 7 7. ÁREA DE ESTUDIO ...................................................................................................... 15 8. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO............................................................................................... 16 Material adicional revisado ........................................................................................ 19 9. MORFOLOGÍA .............................................................................................................. 22 Cuerpo ........................................................................................................................ 22 Color y patrón de pigmentación ................................................................................. 24 Parte anterior............................................................................................................... 25 Parte media ................................................................................................................. 28 Parte posterior ............................................................................................................. 36 10. REPRODUCCIÓN ........................................................................................................ 37 Epitoquia .................................................................................................................... 37 Reproducción asexual ................................................................................................. 40 Viviparismo ................................................................................................................ 41 11. SISTEMÁTICA ............................................................................................................. 43 Clave a los géneros de Syllinae .................................................................................. 43 Diagnosis de los géneros de Syllinae .......................................................................... 44 12. RESULTADOS ............................................................................................................. 54 Género Branchiosyllis ................................................................................................ 55 Branchiosyllis sp 1 ............................................................................................ 57 Branchiosyllis sp 2 ............................................................................................ 61 Género Haplosyllis ..................................................................................................... 64 Haplosyllis sp 1 ................................................................................................ 66 Haplosyllis sp 2 ................................................................................................ 69 Haplosyllis sp 3 ................................................................................................ 72 iii Diversidad en la fauna de Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) de las costas del Noroeste de México. Género Inermosyllis .................................................................................................... 75 Inermosyllis mexicana ....................................................................................... 76 Género Opisthosyllis .................................................................................................. 78 Opisthosyllis sp 1 ............................................................................................... 79 Opisthosyllis sp 2 ............................................................................................... 82 Género Parasphaerosyllis .......................................................................................... 86 Parasphaerosyllis malimalii .............................................................................. 87 Parasphaerosyllis sp 1 ...................................................................................... 90 Parasphaerosyllis sp 2 ...................................................................................... 93 Género Syllis ............................................................................................................... 96 Syllis sp 1 ........................................................................................................... 97 Syllis sp 2 ......................................................................................................... 100 Syllis sp 3 ......................................................................................................... 104 Syllis sp 4 ......................................................................................................... 107 Syllis sp 5 ......................................................................................................... 110 Syllis sp 6 ......................................................................................................... 113 Syllis sp 7 ......................................................................................................... 116 Syllis sp 8 ......................................................................................................... 121 Syllis sp 9 ......................................................................................................... 124 Género Trypanosyllis ................................................................................................ 128 Trypanosyllis zebra ......................................................................................... 129 Clave a las especies de Sílinos reportados para México .......................................... 133 13. DISCUSION ................................................................................................................ 140 14. CONCLUSIONES ....................................................................................................... 145 15. LITERATURA CITADA ............................................................................................ 148 16. GLOSARIO ................................................................................................................. 154 iv Diversidad en la fauna de Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) de las costas del Noroeste de México. LISTA DE TABLAS Tabla 8.1 Material adicional revisado. Museo de Historia Natural de Londres, Gran Bretaña (British Museum of Natural History, London, Great Britain) ............................. 19 Tabla 8.2 Material adicional revisado. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural de Paris, Francia (Muséum National d´Histoire Naturelle de Paris) ..................................................................... 19 Tabla 8.3 Material adicional revisado. Museo e Instituto de Zoología de la Universidad de Hamburgo, Hamburgo, Alemania (Zoologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany ............................................................................................ 20 Tabla 8.3. Continuación. Material adicional revisado. Museo e Instituto de Zoología de la Universidad de Hamburgo, Hamburgo, Alemania (Zoologisches Institut und Museum, Universität Hamburg , Hamburg, Germany) ....................................................................... 21 v Diversidad en la fauna de Sílinos (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Syllinae) de las costas del Noroeste de México. LISTA DE FIGURAS Fig 7.1. Area de estudio ......................................................................................................
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