The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices 720 Fifth Avenue Contents for October 1964 New York, New York 10019 Publisher, James F

Home , Black Tom explosion, Run for the Diamonds, Thanksgiving (Heroes)

THE AMERICAN

LEGIONMAGAZINE 20c. OCTOBER 1964

THE INSIDE STORY OF THE GREAT NATIONAL COIN SHORTAGE

AN INTERVIEW WITH RICHARD PRATT, AMERICAN BANKERS ASSOCIATION; AND THOMAS 0. WAAGE, FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF NEW YORK

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OCTOBER 1964 LEGION Volume 77, Number 4 POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to P.O. Box 1055, Magazine Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices 720 Fifth Avenue Contents for October 1964 New York, New York 10019 Publisher, James F. O'Neil Editor Robert B. Pitkin THE UN AND THE AMERICANS 6 Art Editor BY JEFF ENDRST Al Marshall Associate Editors An account of the impact on one another of elbow rubbing among (1) John Andreola Roy Miller UN delegates and (2) New Yorkers and American tourists at UN Hq. James S. Swartz Production Manager PLANNED: A PERMANENT MEMORIAL Art Bretzfield Copy Editor FOR AMERICA'S WAR HEROES 12 Grail S. Hanford Contributing Editor military decorations are Medal of Honor winners and holders of other Pete Martin about to be recognized by a natural shrine in a grove Circulation Manager at Valley Forge. A 4-color feature. Dean B. Nelson Indianapolis, Ind. Advertising Director THE GREAT NATIONAL COIN SHORTAGE 14 Robert P. Redden PRATT, AMERICAN Chicago-Detroit Sales Office AN INTERVIEW WITH RICHARD Bart J. Burns BANKERS ASSOCIATION AND THOMAS O. WAAGE, 35 East Wacker Drive N.Y. FEDERAL RESERVE BANK OF Chicago, 111. 60601 Experts on the acute national coin shortage, which everyone may CEntral 6-2401 feel during Christmas shopping, tell what's behind it all and what the cure is. CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Ind., 46206 using Post Office THE PLYMOUTH COLONY, MASSACHUSETTS 19 Form 3578. Attach old address label and give old and new addresses and current BY ALDEN STEVENS membership card number. Also be sure to notify your Post Adjutant. A travel article for today's motorists about the site of the Mayflower landing. Fourth in the series "Seeing Historic America." The American Legion Publications Commission: WHEN F.D.R. JUGGLED THANKSGIVING 20 Dr. Charles H. Logan, Keokuk, Iowa (Chairman); Adolph F. Bremer, Winona, MAHONEY Chairman) Lang Armstrong, BY TOM Minn. ( Vice ; Spokane, Wash.; Charles E. Booth, Hunting- The story of the time when we had two Thanksgivings, including ton, W. Va.; John Cicero, Swoyerville, Pa.; many previously unpublished highlights. E. J. Cooper, Hollywood, Fla.; Clovis Cope- lard, Morrilton, Ark.; Paul B. Dague, Down- ingtown, Pa.; Raymond Fields, Guymon, Okla. Chris Hernandez, Savannah, Ga.; George D. MAN'S ENEMY THE RAT, TODAY 24 Levy, Sumter, S. C; Howard E. Lohman, Moorhead, Minn.; Edward Longstreth, La BY FRANK L. REMINGTON Jolla, Calif.; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, N. Y.; Morris Meyer, Starkville, Miss.; Robert How man's ancient rodent foe is adapting to modern life, and how man Mitchler, Oswego, III.; Harry H. Schaffer, is trying to adapt right back at him. Pittsburgh, Pa.; Harold A. Shindler, Lafayette, Ind.; William F. Taylor, Greensburg, Ky.; Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn.; Robert SHOULD THE U.S. RECOGNIZE A CUBAN H. Wilder, Dadeville, Ala. Edward McSweeney, Armonk, N. Y. (Consultant) GOVERNMENT IN EXILE? 26 TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION The American Legion Magazine is published pro: REP. WILLIAM C. CRAMER (R-FLA.) monthly at 1100 West Broadway, Louisville, Copyright con: SEN. PHILIP A. HART (D-MICH.) Ky., by The American Legion. 1964 by The American Legion. Second-class postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price: single copy, 20 cents; yearly subscription, $2.00. Gl INSURANCE BENEFICIARY CHANGE FORM 35 Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir- culation Department of The American Legion. Is your vets insurance beneflciary-of -record the one you want? P.O. Box 1055, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206

The VA will accept this page to make an official change. Editorial and advertising offices : 720 5th Ave., New York, N. Y. 10019. Wholly owned by The American Legion, with National Head- Departments quarters at Indianapolis, Ind. 46206.

2 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION 31 Publisher's Representatives DATELINE WASHINGTON 4 BOOKS 46 West Coast Arden E. Roney & Assoc. EDITOR'S CORNER 5 PERSONAL 49 Los Angeles & San Francisco, Calif. Northwest 28 LEGION SHOPPER 56 The Harlowe Co. Wash. 98101 29 PARTING SHOTS 60 Seattle, Southeast Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, The Dawson Co. stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. Miami, Fla. & Atlanta, Ga.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 J by far the most concise and well- thought-out material on the subject I've LETTERS TO THE EDITOR ever read. Legionnaires should put it in the hands of non-voting friends and neighbors. Nancy J. Evans Letters published do not necessarily ex- The whole story of his work to provide Clarksville, press the policy of The American Legion. Tenn. Keep letters short. Name and address must training for our reserve corps, beginning be furnished. Expressions of opinion and when he allowed Gettysburg College requests for personal services are appreci- The YWCA asked and received permis- students to use the Army rifles for vol- ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or sion to reprint several thousand copies answered, due to lack of magazine staff for unteer drill in 1913, should be written these purposes. Requests for personal serv- of Commander Foley's editorial for all the records. ices ivhieh may be legitimately asked of by someone with national distribution. The American Legion should be made to With respect to another of your arti- your Post Service Officer or your state (Department) American Legion Hq. Send cles, that by Bill Hosokawa in July BLACK TOM ADDENDA letters to the editor to: Letters, The on our Nisei in the Pacific, I spent two American Legion Magazine, 720 5th Ave- sir: The excellent article on the Black years with a bunch of Nisei trained for nue. New York, N.Y. 10019. Tom explosion (August) aroused many the CBI but detached to the Signal Corps memories. As a slight correction, it was in Virginia. Whenever there was a call MEMORIES OF GEN. WOOD not the Secret Service which lifted Dr. sir: Congratulations on your editorial for paratroopers, practically the entire Albert's briefcase but Customs Intelli- work in getting "The Ordeal of Leonard unit put in for that. Their excuse: "Bet- gence, then known as the "Neutrality Wood" by Clarence Woodbury, in July. ter pay." In fact, they felt like slackers Bureau." I was in the Bureau at the It brought back memories of 65 years while on detached duty in the U.S. time. The Secret Service was limited to ago. Today the Leonard Memorial Gordon T. Fish Wood safeguarding the President. is doing good work against Hansen's Ft. Lauderdale, Fla. F. J. Maher Disease (leprosy) in the Philippines. New York, N.Y. Henry Abeott Horne sir: Gen. Wood was also made Governor Brooklyn, N.Y. of the Philippines in 1921, when things sir: The article on the Black 'Tom ex- were a mess there. plosion is in error in a passage which sir: Some footnotes to the Spanish- William A. Reece reports the first fire fighters on the scene American War, called to mind by your Webb City, Mo. as volunteer firemen with ludicrous article on Leonard Wood in July. The equipment. Let me set the record rest of the slogan "Remember the Maine" sir: I appreciated the Leonard Wood straight as a retired officer of the Jersey ". was . . and to hell with Spain." There article very much. There's much more City Fire Department who fought the were penny postcards for sale that we to be said about Gen. Wood than the Black Tom explosion and fire in 1916. kids used to buy, with a picture of the story of his ordeal in occupied Cuba. I This first started as a fire. Notified by battleship Maine, a fuse attached to it, served under him at Camp Funston, phone, the Jersey City Fire Hq (a pro- and some powder under the ship. When Kan. Hope sometime you can tell of fessional fire department) sent an engine the fuse was lit it ignited the powder his great work in training men in WW1, and truck company, whose ladders in- and blew the ship up. As kids in In- though they wouldn't send him over- cluded a 75-foot aerial ladder (not dianapolis we got a big thrill watching seas. "several short lengths of ladder") . These the troops off at the station. We would R. W. Walter two companies had eight men, and had bum hardtack from the soldiers, and one Tampa, Fla. hardly reached the fire when the ex- of our gang, aged 14, smuggled himself plosion occurred and a complete first- on the train to try to get to Cuba. I In addition, Leonard Wood was a popu- alarm assignment (via call box) of three never heard what happened to him. lar choice for the Republican nomina- Later, in I engine and two truck companies was WW1, served under Leonard tion for the Presidency in 1920, which, rolling. This within ten minutes. Then Wood, at Camp Funston, Kan., where after a great deal of political infighting, a third alarm assignment was made, he was 10th Division Commander. went to Warren G. Harding. Frank A. Abrams bringing, in all, nine engine companies, three truck companies, an emergency Chicago, III. NISEI wagon and three chief officers to the sir: On behalf of the officers and mem- scene. The Jersey City Fire Department sir: The Wood article . . . well written bers of Commodore Perry Post 525, was on the site for 72 hours amid ex- and very interesting. American Legion, we thank you for Bill ploding shells, powder and other am- Edward Grace Hosokawa's article "Our Own Japanese munition. Lake Geneva, Wis. in the Pacific War" (July). Our Incidentally, some of the aliens includ- members are all Japanese Americans ing the one referred to as "Count," sir: Leonard Wood was also one of the and served in many of the capacities patronized a German tavern on Central hardest workers for preparedness prior mentioned. While it was an honor to Avenue in Jersey City prior to the to our entry in WW1, and had a big hand serve our nation, years later it is very explosion. in the volunteer citizens training camp pleasant to read of this recognition. at Plattsburgh, N. Y. Fred Nakahara, Adjutant B. H. Butterfield James Salter Post 525 Bayonne, N.J. San Francisco, Calif. Los Angeles, Calif. sir: Those weren't volunteer firemen Jersey sir: Your tribute to Leonard Wood was NON-VOTERS lugging cumbersome equipment. very effi- timely and does justice to one of the sir: I agree wholeheartedly with Com- City and Bayonne, N.J., had men who preserved American liberties, mander Foley's August editorial on "The cient, up-to-date fire equipment and a as well as those of the Filipinos, despite Problem of the Non-Voter." Further- long-time paid fire department, ranking the misfortune in Cuba. How many peo- more, the states should do more to make with the best, long before WW1. ple today realize that without Leonard it easier for absentees to vote, as many Frank A. Bielitz Wood this country would have gone to of their requirements make it difficult Ocean City, N.J. war in WW1 without a single qualified for a large part of our mobile population officer other than the Regulars and the to vote. THOROUGH National Guard? As a Plattsburgher of Richard P. Petty sir: Congratulations on Tom Mahoney's 1916 (3rd Training Regiment) and as one Plainview, Minn. "How to Buy A Diamond" (August) . It of the "first fifty thousand" (the original is one of the most thorough articles I 90-day wonders of 1917) I am proud to sir: "The Problem of the Non-Voter" by have ever seen and gives an understand- have been able to support Gen. Wood. Nat'l Commander Daniel F. Foley was ing of the characteristics of diamonds

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 which can help a purchaser choose ex- sir: Thanks for your Coast Guard trib- SMALL BUSINESS actly what he wants. ute. It is one of the least-mentioned and sir: Your constantly improving maga- B. C. Helzberg, Jr., President most active branches of our Armed zine published—among its many com- Helzberg's Jewelers Forces. Its air arm, in which I served for manding articles in August—the most Kansas City, Mo. six years, also performs feats of daring attractive and comprehensive summary of the operations of the Small Business in peace as in war, though you weren't Administration which has come to my RED CHINA able to mention it. sir: Before me as I write this are three attention since I first assumed the duties Herbert D. Ziegler recent magazines. One is the August of SBA branch manager for New Hamp- New Smyrna Beach, Fla. American Legion Magazine with its story shire two and a half years ago. concerning the planned takeover of J. T. Benoit sir: The Coast Guard features pleased most of this world by the Chinese Reds. Small Business Administration me very much. It is so seldom men- Another is the July 13th issue of U.S. Concord, N.H. tioned, but its work in war as well as News and World Report containing peace has been outstanding. "Where America is Weakest." Last is a ALL THOSE SCOUTS full-page editorial in the July 25th issue Mrs. Tovia F. Wiberg sir: The Boy Scout Jamboree photo- Rockport, Mass. of the Saturday Evening Post, titled, graphs in your September issue were fantastic. did you get 50,000 Scouts "Let's Open the Door to China." I wish How in one picture? it were possible for every American to WANTS IN Jack Fleming read all three articles. Gerald L. Steibel sir: I recently saw a copy of your maga- Phoenix, Ariz. in the Legion story graphically describes zine and am deeply impressed with the the step-by-step plans of Mao Tse-tung great work of The American Legion. sir: I've read some cynical things about and others for world domination. Ad- What are the qualifications for member- Scout Jamborees, as if they were all a miral Burke, who served three terms ship? bunch of lost souls. The spirit shown in as Chief of Naval Operations, says in Sally Jordan your photos belies this. part in USN&WR, "I would never help West End, N.C. Maryanne Parsons any Communist Government to do any- Los Angeles, Calif. thing unless we get a greater advantage Veterans (men or women) with honor- out of it than the Communists do . . . We able service in the U.S. Forces Armed sir: You didn't tote one of those big, old don't have to help them recover their during of the three periods listed any panorama cameras and set it up on a economic position." The Post editor tries below have basic American Legion tripod in that mob! with several hundred words to convince membership eligibility: April 16, 1917 Frank Howard his readers that all the above is non- to Nov. 11, 1918; Dec. 7, 1941 to Sept. 2, New York, N.Y. sense, that should supply the and we 1945; June 25, 1950 to July 27, 1953. These Chinese Reds with food, transportation, dates embrace the periods of active It was a Japanese-made Widelux cam- and giant dams for hydroelectric power. hostilities in WW1, WW2 and the era which shoots panorama shots (the doing, are urged to believe By so we Korean War. lens turns), using 35mm film.

. . . 700 million people, who are at this moment hell-bent toward our destruction, would, by some miracle, accept us and the rest of the free world with open arms. I wonder if the Post editor really 35 believes what he has written. Ralph E. Bryner Parkersburg, W. Va. Is it proper to sir: Gerald Steibel's "Red China versus The World" could not be more appropri- call for Gordon's ate or more timely, while the piece on how to buy a diamond just fascinated my wife and daughter. The August issue by name is a home run. Frank L. Howley New York, NY. in English Pubs?

It's a of proper. It's unnec- sir: The article "Red China versus The not matter being World" by Gerald Steibel is one of the essary. For when most Englishmen ask for best yet. gin, they expect to get Gordon's. After Paul G. Martin all, its distinctive dryness and delicate Brooklyn, N.Y. flavour have been a part of English THE COAST GUARD life for 195 years. Americans, however, sir: One of the rare times that I have have been enjoying Gordon's for a ever seen the official Coast Guard Song shorter span of time. So it is published was on the inside of your July somewhat cover—just one more addition to a very wise (and proper) to specify Gordon's fine magazine. by name. Your first sip of a Gordon's Kenneth M. Coulter Y 2/c martini will tell you why it's the big- U.S. Coast Guard Recruiting Station Phoenix, Ariz. gest selling gin over here as well as in England and the rest of the world. sir: I will ever treasure your pictorial PRODUCT OF U.S. A. 100% NEUTRAL SPIRITS DISTILLED FROM GRAIN. 90 PROOF. GORDON'S DRY GIN CO., LTD:, LINDEN, N.J. , tribute to the Coast Guard, especially i % the presentation of "Semper Paratus."

James Sweet ^SPECIAL OFFER. Plastic serving tray, decorated with 12 English drink recipes . . . onlyfc Bucksport, Me. $1.50. Send check to "Tray Offer." P.O. Box 140H, Old Chelsea Sta., New York, N.Y. 1001 IT THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 3 U.S. LINK TO LAOS. DATELINE ANOTHER LOOK AT THE DRAFT. PACE OF CRIME QUICKENS. WASHINGTON

Basic United States concern over Laos, a poor, land- PEOPLE AND QUOTES: locked country abo ut the size of Great Britain, with the STILL A POLICE STATE a p opulation of 2 to 3 million people, is the same as United States interest in South Vietnam, Laos' neighbor "The truth is that whatever changes are evolving in the and likewise a former part of the French Indochina takeover of USSR are going on in a con- empire . . . The U.S. Government feels that trolled police state and are either country would jeopardize all of Southeast Asia . . . allowed because they strengthen And it is a matter of key U.S. foreign policy that loss the regime and further the un- of Southeast Asia as a whole to the communists would alterable objective of world be intolerable. President Johnson has refused to encourage new high- domination." Dr. Frederick B. level talks with the communist countries about guarantee- Harris, chaplain, U.S. Senate. twice, in ing an independent and neutral Laos because EDUCATION NO PANACEA 1954 and 1962, such a political settlement was reached, "Both poverty and unem- and both times the Pathet Lao (Laos communists) and Red ployment are undoubtedly re- North Vietnam violated the accords. lated to deficiencies in educa- The Administration takes the position that turning back tion. Yet . . . we must beware of the red aggression in both South Vietnam and Laos will the current cliches which glibly prove to be less dear in lives and dollars than would assume that more education is be the cost of having to clear out the communists after the panacea which would solve they took over. these problems." Dr. Calvin B. The Pentagon has initiated a thorough study of the Hoover, professor of economics, Selective Service System and its relation to the armed Duke University. in services . . . Already there is some speculation LAWS, NOT MEN Washington that, barring an expansion of U.S. military commitment, the draft —a part of the American way of life "Ours is a government of for the past generation—may be eliminated, or at least laws, not of men, and our sys- pigeonholed for use in an emergency. tem cannot tolerate the philoso- The latest look-see at the draft stems from the fact phy that obedience to law rests that the current Selective Service Act expires in 1967 upon the personal likes or dis- and that the annual crop of 19-year-olds, which has been likes of any individual citizen." averaging 1 million in recent years, is about to double Senator Russell (D—Ga.). the post-World War 2 bumper crop of babies in size as WAR SUBSTITUTE? comes of age. ". With the services calling for some 500,000 new "boots" . . historians and psycholo- annually, about 100,000 are provided directly by the gists see a universal interest of the draft and participation in space draft . . . There's no doubt that the presence mankind call has a positive effect on the 400,000 or so enlistees efforts as providing the with a moral and creative sub- . . . Question is, can the armed forces maintain war." James E. Webb, level of new recruits they require each year, qualita- stitute for Aeronautics tively as well as in number, without the draft? head of National Administration. Some members of Congress are also asking this question, and Space left to the and insisting that the survey job not be WOMEN VOTERS military, but rather assigned by Congressional mandate "When you consider that the to an independent commission. majority of potential voters are Four serious crimes took place every minute in the female and the majority of ac- United States in 1965 ... It was a year in which serious tual voters male, you can see crime rose by 10% over the pace of 1962, according to the there is a vast job to be done latest grim figures made public by FBI Chief Hoover. simply in stirring up the civic For the past five years the U. S. crime rate has been interest of the women voters." rising five times faster than the rate of po pulation Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson.

growth . . . Robbery on the streets has increased by 22% and CHESS MACHINES since 1958 . . . Approximately 1 million burglaries "It is not inconceivable that 400,000 stolen cars were reported in 1963 . . . and 88 policemen were killed in line of duty. the world's chess champion by The FBI Director warns that much public sympathetic the end of this century will be concern on behalf of the offenders tends to ignore a computer." David Sarnoff, the victim's right to protection. board chairman, R.C.A.

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 .

said, but not before a study of what it 6 reasons would do to the United States, which takes EDITOR'S precedence over any imagined rights of selling people in the rest of the world to move why here. And, he noted, such a study has been CORNER- stymied for more than a decade. We quote, in part: Tootsie Roll LACONIC REPORT ® "Mr. Chairman, we are aware of your J. has Welson Hebert commended to us fruitless efforts to obtain sufficient funds the annual report of Lorenzo Cure, to activate the Joint Committee on Immi- Candies service officer of Crescent City Post 125, gration and Nationality Policy, which was Orleans. is New The report laconic, and created by Congress in 1952, for the spe- its statistical is as follows: summation cific purpose of continuous study in depth Secured hospitalization, 18. of all factors governing immigration poli- Secured blood for patients, 22. cies. We cannot understand the failure of MAKE Secured blood for myself (type O), 2. Congress to provide funds in the rather Repaired shoes for Veterans, Widows modest sum of $160,000 for so important and Children (no charge), 220 pairs. an undertaking. The American Legion sup- Gave clothing to Veterans, Widows and ported your efforts to obtain these essential Children (in need), 289. funds, in writing to every Senator. MORE MONEY Claims prepared and filed for Veterans, "We are concerned with problems which Widows and Orphans, 211. increased immigration will aggravate at Assisted pensioners to fill out VA ques- an accelerating rate as the years pass in tionnaires, 185. the areas of internal security, employment, There was a little more. Service Officer housing, natural resources and education. FOR YOUR Cure noted that he was laid low in a How can we embark on such a course as hospital with angina pectoris for 7 days, is proposed without giving such matters then kept in a wheelchair for 6 weeks "so intensive study and consideration? all the work that had to be done was car- "We are already confronted today with GROUP: ried on over the telephone." Helps ex- the problem of free movement among plain why he had to procure blood for countries by individuals, some of whom himself on 2 occasions. During his wheel- are agents of known communism. IHIGH PROFITSil You get a big, easy to chair period, a Post member was found 1 "We would like to know what steps can earn 45$ profit on every dollar sale of Toot- dead, alone, in his home, without assets, be taken to prevent any person guilty of sie Rolls! and was about to be buried in a pauper's disaffection, such as the communist-ori- grave. From his wheelchair Cure phoned ented Lee Harvey Oswald, from returning Everybody from Coast- 2 lEASY TO SELL! I the man's brother in New York, found the to this country and committing the most to-Coast knows and loves Tootsie Rolls. And, brother didn't have means to bury the de- vicious crime of assassinating the Presi- they're nationally advertised on TV! ceased. He then had a comrade bring him dent of the United States. If Oswald exe- the necessary papers to have the deceased cuted an affidavit affirming allegiance to 3 INO RISkTI It's impossible for you to buried honorably in a Louisa St. Cemetery the Soviet Union, why was it made so easy lose money selling Tootsie Rolls! You invest on Cure's own responsibility, which was for him to return to the United States? no cash and pay for the candy you sell done in Orleans last Year's Day. after you sell itl New New What about other defectors roaming the It was like Lorenzo Cure gave men who world today? What is their status? What The American Legion its bedrock reputa- WEATHER-PROOF, TIM E-PR00F!| Tootsie should it be? 4 | tion at the crossroads of America. One "There must be no national policy Roll Candies are year-round favorites that do not spoil or melt in any kind of weather. wonders what he did when in the pink of change without a foundation in fact. There health. And one asks oneself: What have are many unanswered questions pertain- we done lately in the Legion tradition? ing to immigration. One proposal for 5 lEXCLUSIVE PACKAGING FOR GROUPS !| Four attractive packages exclusively de- Wilson Hebert, who reported this to us, change recommends that 'a special prefer- signed for Money Raising. The 50$ and $1.00 is the Adjutant of Louisiana's state Legion ence be accorded workers with lesser selling prices are within everyone's reach. organization. Crescent City Post occupies skills.' a beautiful, old, white building in old New "What about George Meany's problem |WE SHOW YOU H0W!| Tootsie Roll has Orleans. It's well worth looking at if ever as head of the AFL-CIO? Isn't this a mat- 6 developed a really practical, easy selling go by. if find you And we Lorenzo Cure ter for American labor to exploit, since it plan for your organization. Get the details around next time by, we want to go in is now necessary to retrain Americans to by sending the coupon below! shake his and hand. fit into skills other than those which they have, because of automation? We cannot IMMIGRATION BLINDFOLDED? ignore the great increase in our numbers our "Veterans Newsletter" in this in the United States and the fact that In we issue we report briefly a summary of do have a serious unemployment problem the testimony of Daniel J. O'Connor, of affecting our economy. Need I remind you New York, when he urged a House Com- of the President's anti-poverty program TO: PLAN Dept. AL-1064 mittee not to alter the basic immigration which involves millions of people and MANAGER The Sweets Company of America, Inc. law of this country. His testimony was hundreds of millions of dollars in order 1515 Willow Avenue pretty basic, and we want to quote more to provide an opportunity for gainful em- Hoboken, New Jersey from it here. All sorts of proposals, includ- ployment to elevate the less fortunate SIR: My group wants to raise money. ing some wrapped up in bills that have who are here now? Please send me details of your TOOTSIE ROLL RISK" gotten as far as committee hearings, have "If all these factors are properly ex- "NO MONEY-RAISING PLAN. been urging that we loosen up our im- amined, the Congress will be in a better NAME OF migration laws so as to "be fair" to people position to evaluate the arguments of those ORGAN l7ATIflN in other want to here. the gates for increased lands who come who would open RTPFFT AnnRFSS What Dan O'Connor proposed, as immigration, the contentions of those PITY Legion Americanism Chairman, was that who would lock the gates, and the pleas STATF immigration is America's business, and of those who would pursue a more moder- YOUR NAMF AfiF (if under that the first obligation of this country is to ate policy. 21) its own people and their own welfare. Pos- "But without the detailed study we sub- YOUR TITLE (if any)_ " sibly the quota system could be revised, he mit that the present policy be maintained

THE AM ERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 2

By JEFF ENDRST Last June, Mr. and Mrs. Uno Lai- tinen from Detroit joined a regular guided tour of the United

Nations, but it soon turned out to be a special treat, including a souvenir album of UN postage stamps from Secretary- The UN General U Thant. Mr. Laitinen, a tool and die maker from the automobile capital of the world, was the ten-millionth visitor to the world capital on the East River. Like all visitors and THE AMERICANS

before him, most of them Americans, he posedly blind impartiality, about its di- would have been impressed even without rection, about its future. They hear poli- U Thant's ceremonial handshake in the ticians at home call the UN either mankind's salvation or a short-cut to civili- latter's private office on the 38th floor zation's ultimate doom, and trekking of the Secretariat building. Most visitors through the beehive of pleasant, sophis- to the UN admire the building's rising ticated people, often working at contrary shaft of white marble and wide expanse purposes, they wonder which is it. of green-tinted glass. They pose for snap- To dispel these doubts, the UN offers shots before the fluttering display of 1 1 a $1, one hour run-down on the facts of national flags along the UN Plaza. And international life—some of them, any- in the subdued, cathedral-like lighting of way. It includes: the visual splendor of the majestic General Assembly dome, the modernistic interior; the highlights they reflect in awe on the span of history of the UN's 20-year-old history; a chance as indicated by a Sputnik model looking look at some of the headliners in the con- down on a statue of Zeus. The architec- tinuous shadow-boxing match taking ture is impressive, the atmosphere catch- place here; and the peacock colors of the ing. Mr. & Mrs. Uno Laitinen, of Detroit. saris, kimonos, African headdresses and Yet many people have doubts about He got surprise as ten-millionth visi- the flying, toga-like Sheik coats of some the They wonder about its sup- red carpet treatment. UN. tor to UN, with of the richest men from some of the poorest countries. Chattering in dozens of languages, from melodic French to throaty Amharic (the language of Ethio- pia), these diplomats and international civil servants go about their daily chores of trying to maintain international sanity. As the visitors ponder these awesome alternatives, one of the 115 blue-uni- formed, trim, intelligent, bi-or-tri-lingual and, almost without exception, good- looking guides tells her "tour" what the

UN is and what it is not. Her message is to this effect:

It is a center for harmonizing the actions of nations striving for international peace and security. It is a human orchestra not without constantly dis- cordant voices. It has devised rules against open, armed aggression. But it has no constitutional formula against creeping aggression through political subversion. It "recommends" solutions and up-

holds ideals. But it cannot enforce them.

It is a voluntary assembly of sovereign and equal countries—be it Uganda or the United States—who are pledged to differences peacefully. But it Carefully picked and rehearsed guides steer tourists through UN buildings. solve their 6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 A frothy little portrait of the United Nations as a part of the landscape and life of New York

City: as an object of interest to sightseeing tourists, and as a world society rubbing elbows with the natives of our biggest city.

—

The United Nations headquarters on New York's East River.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 7 —

CONTINUED The UN and the AMERICANS is not a supra-state which can legislate row may have to invent a similar institu- weak and the backward; sharing the or impose solutions. tion, or face an even more uncertain des- atom; passing on industrial know-how It provides a machinery for coopera- tiny. and the latest technology; waging war tion as delicate as a Swiss watch. But it A visitor will never find out how many on poverty, sickness and ignorance; and, is no stronger than the collective will feel betrayed by the UN, but it is a fair perhaps most important, offering nations and wisdom of the peoples and govern- assumption that among them belong the a place to argue things out so that they

ments supporting it. once celebrated Hungarian freedom- don't have to shoot it out. fighters, the stagnating Palestine refu- For New York City, the United Na- As the bewildered visitor continues gees, the segregated South Africans, the tions is a cool $80 million-a-year busi- . his modern pilgrimage on some of fighting Turkish Cypriotes, the divided ness—after taxes. But the cash register the thickest carpets this side of Persia Kashmiris and the raped Tibetans. And does not ring without a few hot argu- the UN has over 15 miles of yard-wide strips of carpeting—he may catch a si- multaneous translation of Soviet Ambas- sador Nikolai Fedorenko's soft-spoken charge that the United States is a "co- lonialist monster," and a "bloodsucker" of the undernourished, exploited nations of Africa, Asia and Latin America. An- other tour may hear the professorial

Moscow emissary say that Washington is scheming to turn on a bloodbath in southeast Asia, and wants to convert Cyprus into an unsinkable aircraft car- rier, guarding America's exploitation of Arab oil. The visitor may momentarily wonder who is sending foreign aid to whom, and whose boys have been protecting the freedom of others. But a UN old-timer would readily explain the apparent con- tradiction by quoting Amb. Adlai E. Stevenson's favorite truism that "the United Nations thrives on trouble." The noncommittal guide will politely refer questioners to the Soviet or American delegations for more information on such controversial subjects. If you listen carefully to the guide's explanations about the financial system in the UN ($150 million in the red the U.S. paying almost half of the total cost), you will probably feel that this is the only organization in the world which seems to gain wider recognition and public acceptance even as it becomes more controversial and broke. Listening to the well-prepared though not canned explanations of the persona- ble guide, you begin to realize some of UN's limitations. Being by design a great equalizer and arbiter, its collective com-

promise suggestions often amount to little more than a political aspirin. Tem- Visitors pay fees to get in the guided tours of the UN. Here they line up to pay. porary relief may or may not come. But there have also been the Congo, Palestine all others still subjugated by dictatorial ments and some toll in smooth human and Cyprus peace-keeping operations regimes, crying for better human treat- relations. where UN military presence, precarious- ment. This may be partly due to Manhattan's ly interposed between two hot-headed There are many beneficial and ac- staggering skyline, prices and pace. They rivals or two maneuvering blocs, helped knowledged UN services which few peo- leave some UN diplomats breathless and mark the bumpy road to world sanity. ple but the immediate beneficiaries know helpless at first. Some would soon be- Sometimes a reflective visitor goes about. The UN is a humming apparatus come penniless, too, were it not for the home wondering whether UN's major for sharing skills; borrowing money; City's Commission to the United Na- accomplishment is not its own survival. training administrators and technicians; tions, now in its third year of guarding He may also feel that if the UN should feeding the needy; educating illiterates; over the needs and interests of foreign ever die of its own constitutional and hu- giving shelter and a new future to the diplomats as well as over New York's man weaknesses, the wise men of tomor- homeless; bringing into nationhood the (Continued on page 41)

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTO BER 1964 ARE YOU FEEDING THEIR HUNGER FOR KNOWING?

The age of learning is a wonderful time. A time you can't bring back. A time when it is almost impossible to satisfy the need to know. This need for knowledge is as important to your children's future as love, moral standards, a comfortable, happy home. And the time to satisfy this need is now.

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learning together . . . than Encyclopaedia Britannica. In its more than 27,500 pages is gathered the living knowledge of our whole civilization. It has a place in every home where parents are concerned about the ever-growing demands of the world upon their young. It is truth. It is unquestionable fact. And it is the beginning, the support, and the constant touchstone of education. If your children are at the age of hungering to know, isn't this a time you should think about Britannica? They are at the brink of a demanding age in the history of the world, and what you give them now can be infinitely important the rest of their lives.

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PROPOSED LANDSCAPE DEVELOPMENT FOR CONGRESSIONAL IT MEDAL OF HONOR GROVE

VALLEY FORGE, PENNSYLVANIA

BORIS TIMCHENKO & ASSOCIATES

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS & SITE PLANNERS

SCALE 1" • 50'-0' marker, and separate permanent markers For America's War Heroes for each medal holder will be placed elsewhere in the state plots. In addition, the grove will contain markers spelling out the meaning of Freedoms Foundation is raising $1,000,000 lesser military medals awarded to individuals, such as the Distinguished Serv- ice Cross, Navy Cross, Air Force Cross. for its Valley Forge Medal of Honor Grove Distinguished Service Medal, etc., though the individual holders of these distinc-

tions are too numerous to list. In a nearby library of Freedoms Since the Civil War, over 3,000 Foundation will be collected the other Medals of Honor have been award- literature and records pertaining to the ed by the United States as the Medal of Honor and other military med- highest award in the gift of this nation. als, as part of the growing research cen- Yet while great honor accrues to all ter and libraries that Freedoms Founda- A 50 acre Irocf of natural woodland and qwef Medal of Honor winners, and some small tion is building as a central research streams being developed with pathways ani tree special privilege comes their way if the point for America's heritage. ce^rr.emc-rsiirg over 3000 mtmU-s o* if* award was not posthumous (as it often *3-k«-s To complete the entire Freedoms is), nothing permanent anywhere in the Armed farces of our Country wf*o m more Foundation establishment. Gen. Bruce Medei United States stands as a visible public ytors have been awarded the Cowpsssansl C. Clarke, former U.S. Army com-

record, marker, memorial or tribute to Mreeidsty of Honor lor conspicuous gallantry and mander in Europe, has accepted from all winners. the CMH teytwd the col! of the Freedoms Foundation Board (which of ttie risk of life, obcve and Indeed, if you ever have a need to look is headed by former President Eisen- actual ewfte* ** on enemy." duty. » ocfiw »vdv*f up the records of all or some of the hower) the job of raising $7.5 million.

Medal of Honor winners, you can find One million of this is a fund and an the records scattered, buried, or difficult endowment to build and maintain the Woodland for grove has been secured. to come by. Even official books contain- Congressional Medal of Honor Grove. Women's Clubs have pledged the first ing the full record have quickly gone out $150,000 of the million-dollar goal. The General Federation of Women's

Main Freedoms Foundation building at Valley Forge, a research center of Americana.

of print and become unavailable except life, above and beyond the call of duty, Clubs has made a generous commitment through research well beyond the aver- in action involving actual conflict with to start the development of the grove.

age man's normal resources. the enemy." It is the Foundation's intent to have Dr. Kenneth Wells, President of Free- Today, plans are well under way to the grove's special policy committee per- doms Foundation, in Valley Forge, Pa., create a Congressional Medal of Honor manently made up of Chairmen of the feels that the nation owes a suitable, per- Grove at Valley Forge, on a 50-acre U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, plus the Presi- manent, visible public display memorial- woodland adjoining Freedoms Founda- dent of the Medal of Honor Society izing all Medal of Honor winners as a tion's buildings. The woodland appro- (now Luther Skaggs, Jr.) and the Free- tribute that is consonant with the stature priately abuts the site of George Wash- doms Foundation President (now Dr. of the award. ington's encampment there. Wells). At present, in addition to Skaggs He feels further that the self-sacrific- Wells began securing the 50 acres of and Wells, the grove policy committee ing heroism for which the Medal of land some ten years ago, and today, with includes Gen. Earle G. Wheeler, Chair- Honor stands, quite apart from the in- the land intact, plans (see color plate at man of the Joint Chiefs and the follow- dividuals themselves, requires some visi- left) have been drawn up to divide the ing former chairmen: ble, tangible monument from which a grove into separate woodland plots for Gen. Omar N. Bradley, Gen. Lyman

public can draw inspiration and example. each State of the Union ( see color inset L. Lemnitzer, Adm. Arthur W. Radford. Lesser things have been more expensive- of plan for Virginia). Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor and Gen. ly memorialized than has "conspicuous All the Medal of Honor winners of Nathan F. Twining. gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of each state will be listed on its central THE END

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 13 THE GREAT NATIONAL COIN An Interview Waage with

RICHARD PRATT, American Bankers Association; and

THOMAS O. WAAGE. Federal Reserve Bank of N. Y.

The small change crisis has bothered banks, retailers and the government for

years. Now more acute than ever, the man-in-the- street may feel it personally this

Christmas shopping season. Here, in a talk with experts, is the story of the short-

age of pennies, nickels, dimes, quarters, halves and silver dollars.

Editor: Gentlemen, we are talking about the sudden Then, too. I've heard of a racetrack that bid for the church shortage of coins for making change in normal sales collections in its city in order to have the silver to pay off

operations in this country, which I understand is quite the $6.60, $4.40, $2.20 (or whatever) that the odds pay a serious. For the record, will you identify yourself, Mr. Waage? winner who puts up a $2 bet. It appears that what we've read in the papers about an Mr. Waage: I am Thomas O. Waage, vice president of the Federal Reserve Bank of N. Y. acute shortage of coin for the conduct of normal business is no myth. How does it look from where you sit in the banking E. And you, Mr. Pratt? world?

Mr. Pratt: I am Richard Pratt, assistant director of the news W. It's been building up for several years. bureau of the American Bankers Association. P. And is very serious right now. E. Now then, I have a little testimony that I have collected E. Who has been affected by it? myself. Yesterday I asked the cashier of a little coffee shop P. So far the public has been protected. It has raised hob on New York's West 56th Street if the reputed coin shortage with bankers, retailers, the Mint, the Federal Reserve Banks, bothered her. 1 almost set off a volcano. the Treasury, the Congress and outfits that need a lot of '"Are you kidding?" she asked. "That's just what the man- change every day, like that racetrack you mentioned and ager and I were talking about! The change shortage is driving toll roads. Incidentally, the Pennsylvania Turnpike was also us crazy. I used to buy $70 to $80 worth of change at the in the news recently bidding for church collections. bank every day. Now I'm rationed to $42 worth. Nickels are E. The man in the street hasn't felt it yet? our toughest problem. J need to buy $10 in nickels a day, but all they'll sell me is $2 worth. We go to the waitresses. P. He has, but not so that he has noticed it. Naturally, busi- As fast as they pick up tips we buy them from them and nesses do everything they can to spare the customer. But it throw the change in the register. A customer is apt to have has been getting harder and harder, and taking up more and his tip back in his pocket as change for his check when he more of the time and energy of people in business and bank- leaves here!" ing. Yet the man in the street has felt it indirectly. Retailers Then, gentlemen, there's the 99^ lunch offered at the have increasingly been revising prices to prevent too much World's Fair—99^- if you have the change, $1 if you don't. changemaking. You may have paid $2 lately for items that

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 can make in a day must be reduced, especially in a rush season when there's little slack time at cash registers between one sale and the next.

E. And the Christmas shopping is an important part of the national economy? P. Exactly. Many businesses rely on Christmas sales to tip the balance between a year in the black or in the red. Shortage The danger exists that a perfectly need-

Householders selling 130,000 pennies in three hours to First Atlantic Nat'l Bank of Daytona Beach, Fla., at 49 for 500.

would have cost you $1.98 were it not ing. There will be longer lines at cash less coin shortage can, to some extent for the change shortage. registers and check-out counters. This or other, depress sales volume during

W. And you may have been held up in can make shopping more burdensome. these crucial months of the Christmas shopping season. So the coin shortage a long line of cars at a toll road or toll W. The difficulty of change-making is al- is concern. bridge booth this summer, not knowing ready sand in the wheels of commerce. everybody's

that it was the juggling of a limited sup- If it actually taxes the public, as it may, E. Why do you say the coin shortage is

ply of change from one booth to another during the Christmas shopping rush, peo- needless? Doesn't it have natural causes? that slowed you up. ple may tend to reduce their Christmas P. In part, it does. But there's a great shopping. '"I can't take the punishment," E. Are we, as customers and consumers, amount of loose coin sitting around not they'll say. And as a matter of arith- apt to remain as unaware of the prob- circulating. Early this summer the First metic, if it takes more time for a store lem? Atlantic National Bank of Daytona to make one sale, the number of sales it W. We are very much afraid that the in- Beach, Fla., offered a Kennedy half dol- creased need for rapidly circulating coins lar to anyone who would bring in 49 this Christmas shopping season will pennies. In three hours time the bank worsen the situation drastically. We can't took in 130,000 pennies! Nearly all of predict how bad it may be, but at its them came from homes where they had worst it can affect us not only as con- SPECIAL! been in piggy banks, coffee cans, milk sumers but as wage earners. irSAA^...,lll «*J bottles, bureau drawers. E. How so? WAS SI IT* NOW! E. Of course everyone wants to know P. Unless voluntary cooperation by the (a) how we got into this situation, (b) it from public, business and banks steps up the DUE TO CHANGE SHORTAGE what each of us can do to prevent circulation of coins, it will be very diffi- dealing us a real blow this fall, and (c) cult for stores to make change for the how we are going to get out of it per- Many merchants are rounding off prices customers in the rush of Christmas buy- to avoid having to make too much change. manently. (Continued on next page) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 15 CONTINUED THE GREAT NATIONAL COIN SHORTAGE

Coins are a smaller part of our pocket money, with payrolls up, so people find it easier to unload them into bureau drawers, piggy banks, milk bottles, coffee cans and glass jars to add up slowly at home.

W. We drifted into it largely through complex changes in the economy, the population and selling methods. These tightened the change supply. Then the knowledge of this tightening led to a sort of minor panic. People who depend on coins in their business tended to hold on to them. That radically slowed the circulation of coins, and brought on the big shortage in a rush.

E. And what can be done about it immediately?

W. We can curtail a real crisis this fall by the kind of universal cooperation our people have always shown in a national emergency. Make any coins in your possession circulate—don't hold on to them while you spend bills. E. What's the final solution?

W. We will get out of it permanently through a crash program in the Mint, and through new legislation, already

adopted, which will greatly step up our coin production, but fluid, and you take it home. During the day it could easily

which will take some time to produce that result. meet the need for nine dimes and end up where it started. E. What are some of the changes in the economy and so on That's the power of circulation. If you left it in a bureau that produced a natural, but lesser, change shortage? drawer all day, that would stymie nine dime-circulations in one day. If 72 million adults each kept one dime out of cir- W. In order to appreciate the many things that happened, culation for one day, and instead broke a $1 bill for their you must understand the role of the circulation of coins to first purchase of the day, they might, on a comparative meet the daily change-making needs of the country. In the 1CV basis, stymie nine times 72 million dime-operations in a day, Federal Reserve Banks, where we release newly minted coins, while at the same time increasing the demand for change 90% of the call on us for coin is normally met by our re- that day by times 72 million. circulating old coin on deposit with us. In the business world, 9CV recirculation must come closer to meeting 99% of demand, E. I get the big picture. when you consider the vast amount of change-making that W. So everything that keeps coin from moving makes for happens without the need of help from a bank. shortage, and so does everything that increases the demand mil- P. Looking at it from the other end, let's say you leave your for coin. The vending machine business grew from $600

house in the morning with a dime. You spend it for a morn- lion in 1946 to $2.7 billion in 1962. Now, in 1964, at about it in ing paper and the next customer gets it in change for his $3 billion, has multiplied about five times 18 years. operation. cigarettes, then leaves it as a tip for a waitress at lunch, who Vending machines demand coins for their Unlike it it buys bobby pins with it at her 3 p.m. break. The next bobby a cash register, when one of them gets a coin locks up is natural pin customer gets it in change, and spends it on a soft drink for a while. This is a merchandising trend that a sell only at a soda fountain, which gives it to a cigar customer in maker of a coin shortage. Vending machines not items. change, and he spends it for a paper at your newsstand, cigarettes, but food, candy, soft drinks, and many other

where you later get it back in change when buying lighter E. What else?

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 W. The expansion of toll roads, bridges pie making purchases requiring change, E. You speak for bankers, and I agree and tunnels are other operations that re- and a million more people, some of with you. But if people want to save cash quire additional coin for their operation whom may dump their change in a piggy at home and not earn the interest, then and also store a great deal of coin for bank or bureau drawer at the day's end in this emergency you'd urge them to longer or shorter periods, thus keeping and let it sit there for a while. turn it in for bills wouldn't you?

it out of circulation. Sales taxes and E. It seems that there are more people P. Much as it hurts a banker to say so, parking meters cry for pennies. Our doing that. I agree by all means. prosperity has boosted the number of W. Yes. It's easier than it used to be. The W. Let me ask a question about that restaurant that has been rationed to $42 THREE LIONS in change a day, when it used to buy $70 to $80 worth. This bank rationing has been happening in all the big population centers and shopping areas (the situation isn't as bad in rural areas). Now banks, just like everyone else, normally get most of their coin from depositors. The normal circulation through banks has been mostly a balancing act, getting from depositors what they have and giving them what they need, with a relatively small trickle of new coin being fed in from the mints. Does that restaurant deposit coin in its bank any more?

E. I asked the cashier. They deposit none —they need anything on hand at the end of the day for tomorrow. The cashier used to deposit about $30 a day in coin. I asked the newsdealer across the street Coin collectors are saving more current coins (left), and speculators are invest- too. He gets more quarters than he needs ing in complete sets, unopened mint rolls and even bags of mint right. coin, as at and deposits them, but he deposits no pennies, nickels, dimes or halves. He told sales transactions requiring change. You national income is up, the payrolls are me that in July he stopped making cited racetracks. Racetracks entertain up. Years ago we might have hesitated to change for users of a group of nearby more and more bettors every year, and toss that nickel into the coffee can. We'd phone booths. the states have encouraged them to need it for the bus. But now the change see, the are rationing the lengthen the racing seasons. From their in our pocket or purse is a relatively less W. You banks customers they get even amounts of dol- important part of our total pocket merchants and the merchants are rationing the lars—$2, $5, $10. They pay off in money. We have more dollar bills for the banks too. amounts requiring change. So they have bus and lunch. So there's a bigger tend- P. I'll say. to the for come banks more and more ency to toss change into a receptacle at W. In effect, the $42 the restaurant still change at the start of each day as their home, as a dead weight out of our gets is all new supply, since it contributes business booms. pockets that we'll let add up for a while. nothing to the bank's supply. But there

P. The growth of all of these things is re- Thus we put change out of circulation. isn't that much new supply. At $42 the

lated in part to the great population in- Then, by giving the bus driver a dollar bank is going out of its way to satisfy a crease, which was almost 30 million bill, we add to the demand for coin from customer. You may be interested to from 1952 to 1962. Every time we add a business. know that some banks have plenty of million adults we add a million pockets P. Money in the bureau drawer should coin. Their customers happen to be big or purses holding change, a million peo- be banked, where it'll earn interest. (Continued on next page)

These familiar coin receivers, as well as sales taxes and toll roads, demand more coin every day, and when they get a coin they hold it out of circulation for a while. Vending machines now gross $3 billion (all coin) a year. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 17 —

CONTINUED Commission's burden of counting, wrap- in change. It collected $25,000 in coins THE GREAT NATIONAL ping and hauling the coin. in five days. A dealer in Monroe, Wis., E. The situation must be causing a lot produced wooden nickels that cost 2^ of strange things to happen. to make, to use as change, redeema- ble P. Banks with branches are shuffling at 5

E. What is the American Bankers Asso- ciation doing about the situation?

P. Except for urging remedial legislation (which we now have), publicity to get coins moving is our chief avenue of attack as an association. We are putting on a three-pronged public information drive aimed at bankers, businessmen and the public. While waiting for the effects of the new legislation, the only relief we will get will be in voluntary cooperation of people to make coins circulate faster. E. Mr. Waage, won't the production of coins inflationary in itself? The old Philadelphia mint (left) will be replaced, and metal processing (right) jobbed out. more be W. No. The Federal Reserve determines how much money in all forms is needed. More new coins won't be issued as an addition to the total money supply outside of the normal planning. They will just be a bigger fraction of what is normally planned, and that's what the modern situation calls for. E. Will you give us the big picture of the coin shortage as seen by the Federal Reserve Banks? You supply banks with coins? W. Yes. The 12 Federal Reserve Banks normally sell to commercial banks all the coin they need, in exchange for dollars.

E. What is the source of your coins? W. Our depositors and the two mints in Denver and Philadelphia. E. Who deposits with you? W. The law requires member banks of the Federal Reserve System to keep specified cash reserves. They may keep it in

their vaults or deposit it with us. They prefer to deposit most of it with us. E. How many banks?

Mrs. Mollie Gaber, cashier of Heidi's Coffee Shop on New York's W. 56th St., buying tips W. Half the commercial banks in the from waitress, Mrs. Catherine Boyko, to keep cash register's change supply adequate. country are in the Federal Reserve Sys- tem, and they account for 85% of the coin depositors—vending-machine op- more coin than Branch B, a station banking resources of the nation. erators, telephone companies, toll road wagon comes around to A and totes some E. Offhand, how much coin did banks commissions, etc. Now they are wooing of its coin to B. Pennies, nickels and normally deposit? rationed customers of other banks to dimes are getting more attention than W. About 27 billion used coins a year. switch accounts to them, promising them $100 bills. Some banks besides the one E. And the mints? ample change. in Daytona Beach have been offering $1 W. They supplied us with 3 billion new P. I understand that the Illinois Toll for 98^' in coin. Some big banks have year, in round numbers. Road Commission bargained with Chi- been asking their employees to bring in coins a cago banks. If the banks wanted the all the change they have. The National E. A total of 30 billion coins a year Re- Commission's big deposits of coin it sug- Bank and Trust Co. of Ann Arbor, more or less—went into the Federal on page gested that they assume some of the Mich., offered $ 1 for 98

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • C "OBER 1964 Readers may find this series of value on future motor trips or of interest to stu- SEEING HISTORIC AMERICA dents of American history. We suggest #4 you clip and save each one as it appears. A travel series for motorists

By ALDEN STEVENS Field Director, Mobil Travel Guide Plymouth, Mass., where the May- flower Pilgrims first settled in 1620, is 224 miles northeast of New York City and about 36 miles southeast of Boston, on the mainland shore of Cape Cod Bay, on Mass. route 3A. There is much to see

there today which re-creates its history, and the famous Plymouth Rock sits on a beach not far from a moored replica of the original Mayflower. The Mayflower's 100 passengers landed at Plymouth Dec. 26, 1620, to found the first permanent settlement in New England. These stubborn, determined people had left England as Separatists from the

Reconstructed Plimoth Plantation as visitors see it today. THE PLYMOUTH COLONY, MASSACHUSETTS

Mayflower replica are quite moderate. at Quincy, 30 miles to the northwest. Plymouth itself boasts houses built as 1964 Motel and Restaurant info: early as 1 640; there are others in adjoining Kingston and Duxbury. At Plymouth: Excellent—Yankee Trav- eler Motel, Warren Ave., 3 mi. S on MASS Plymouth is about 20 miles from Cape 3A, 40 rms., 5 kitchenettes, restaurant; Cod, a popular summer vacation area (617) PI 6-3000. Many other good motels Church of England because they were at and near Plymouth. offering beaches, summer theatre and a Restaurants: Very Good—The Hobshole determined to worship in their own way thousand other attractions including fa- House, 212 Sandwich St., 1 mi. S on MASS and to control their own congregation 3A, closed Feb., also Tuesday except in mous Provincetown, which is at the July and Aug. Charming 1795 house, wait- without obeisance to the English state northern end of the hook-shaped cape. resses in Pilgrim dress, liquor available; church. (617) PI 6-1153. Very Good—The 1740 Willis House, 15 Summer St., Kingston, In spite of tremendous difficulties and 5 mi. N on MASS 3A, closed late Nov. to differences among its people, the colony, ft) Saturday before Easter, lunch and din- \ AH.AN77C ner only. Old colonial bldg., waitresses in and those who followed, flourished. Its <&J Brockton igxp GCfAN * Pilgrim dress: (617) JU 5-2820. Good— f l53A ( Puritan culture spread out into much of Currier's, 61-63 Main St., on MASS 3A, L— closed Wednesday, also Thanksgiving, New England; Plymouth was long its Christmas, in town center; (617) PI North base and fountainhead. Today, "'Pli- Plymou"^S^tytW)UIH 6-0442. moth Plantation," a non-profit educa- (There are many other good motels and restaurants in the area. See Mobil Travel tional organization, has reconstructed 8 Guide to Northeastern States: Plymouth, Plymouth life in those early, difficult \^ ,J(140)j oS. \F Duxbury, Sagamore, Buzzards Bay, Sandwich and nearby Mass. towns). days. A replica of the Mayflower (90 feet long), which was built in England Your appreciation of an historic place and sailed to the United States in 1957, is enhanced if you read about it first. is here. The original fort, meeting house The islands of Martha's Vineyard and Roland G. Usher's The Pilgrims and and many other buildings have been re- Nantucket are reached by ferry from Their History, New York, 1918, is au- constructed as much like the originals Woods Hole and (no cars carried) from thoritative; so is G. F. Willison's Saints as can be determined from existing rec- Hyannis, both on the Cape. Boston with and Strangers, New York, 1945. ords. Costumed people re-enact life as all its fascination is 36 miles northwest For a free brochure on Plimoth Plan- it was in the 1620's. This remarkable of Plymouth. Other attractions within tation, which relates its history to what restoration of the settlement, along with easy distance are the two-foot gauge is there today, send your name and ad- the Mayflower replica, is a thrilling ac- Edaville Railroad at Carver, about ten dress (you need write nothing else) to: complishment. It is open from mid-April miles southeast, which children from five PLIMOTH PLANTATION, American to November, daily from 9 to 5. Admis- to 70 find enchanting, and the birthplaces Legion Magazine, 720 5th Ave., New sion fees to the Plantation and to the of John Adams and John Quincy Adams York, N.Y. 10019.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 19 When ED.R. Juggled THANKSGIVING

By TOM MAHONEY Some hitherto unrevealed facts behind the Thanksgiving will be celebrated throughout the United States this autumn on November 26. It is now controversy that convulsed America 25 years ago. a national holiday with the date set by Congress as the fourth Thursday of the month, which this year, as in most years, E WORLD is also the last Thursday. But a quarter of a century ago, for a period of three years. America had two Thanksgiving Days. Their observance was a matter of confusion, humor, recrimination and bitter dispute. President Franklin D. Roosevelt started the big mixup at his mother's red- shingled summer cottage on Campobello Island, New Brunswick, across the harbor from Eastport, Maine, on August 14, 1939, when he talked to a few newspa- permen in the course of a vacation fishing cruise along the Atlantic coast. "Oh!" he said, after discussing inter- 1000ST U, 1939 national affairs, "I will give you a story

I had entirely forgotten. I have been hav- I will give you a at jry I Imd entirely the ing from a great many people, for forgotten. I have been hering from a great many people that Thanksgiv- last six years, complaints for the last 6 years, complaints that Thank* giving Day

too close to Christmas. . . . ing Day came too close to Christmas. Now this sounds silly. In 'The stores and people who work, re- ' words, between Labor Day, which la generaUL observed, tail people, are very anxious to have it and Christiana, there Is too long a gap up to Thanksgiving set forward and I checked up and it Day when It cones at the very end of November, and there seems to be the only holiday which is la a great long gap even for those states that celebrate th not provided for by law, nationally . . . FDR press conference on Aug. 25, 1939, 12th of October, Columbus Day* The stares and people who Thanksgiving is This year, because Day eleven days after he switched Thanksgiv- work, retail people, etc., are very anxious to have It set the 30th of November, I am going to ing. This is the first press conference since hence forward and I checked up and It seems to be the only holidi step it up a whole week and make it not photo he had allowed 1933, none exists of the Thanksgiving switch, which Is not provided for by law, nationally, even though the last Thursday but the Thursday be- a transcript of which is shown at right. may be In a small number of states. In most states it fore the last Thursday in November." it "This year, Mr. President?" asked a Is a Governor's Proclamation. This year, because reporter. Election Day and Armistice Day, made Thanksgiving Day Is the 30th of November, (I had better "Yes," replied the President. "And on a legal holiday by Congress in 1938, No- check or that), I an going to step it up a whole week ana before the the history of it. it has been held at vari- vember had too many holidays. Some make it not the last Thursday but the Thursday ous times. In the early days of the re- proposed combining Thanksgiving and last Thursday In November.

public it was held sometime in October, Armistice Day. Pressi This year, Ur. PresidentT industry being a perfectly movable feast, and it A committee of the fishing President! Tills year, yes. And on the history of it, it has been from was not set as the last Thursday in No- urged that Thanksgiving be moved held at various times. In the early days of the Republic after the Civil War, so there Thursday to Tuesday. Families with left- vember until It was held sometime in October, being a perfectly is sacred about it. As there seems over turkey bought little fish the next nothing movable feast, and 11 was not set as the last Tlni nwlay to be so much desire to have it come a day and those whose faith required them In November until after the Civil War, Bo there Is little earlier, I am going to step it up one to eat fish on Friday, it was argued, ran ncthin:; sacral about 11, and as there seems to be so much week." the risk of their leftover turkey spoiling. desire to have It come a little earlier, 1 an colng to Many people had bombarded the This had a few newspaper headlines in step It up one weok. White House with suggestions about 1935.

Thanksgiving. These now fill several files "Since we seem to be living in an age GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION "I From the Papers of at the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library in of change," a New Yorker wrote, Vi!i»na( /tr(»i»

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 BETTMANN ARCHIVE, INC.

Jennie Brownscombe's famous representation of the Pilgrims' first Thanksgiving at Plymouth, Mass. would enable more people to get home." Callaghan of the Navy, later an admiral New York, Detroit and elsewhere, Thanksgiving on Friday, a Wilton. and killed in World War 2. Thanksgiving marks the start of the Conn., woman told President Roosevelt, In 1938. President Roosevelt had not Christmas shopping season, a period in "would encourage family life and bring followed any of these suggestions. He which many stores do more business than yourself the gratitude of the American had designated the usual last Thursday in all the rest of the year. At a dinner in people." and had said that "the observance had Cincinnati on June 14, Fred Lazarus, Moving Thanksgiving to Saturday, been consecrated" when George Wash- Jr., whose family owned department argued Ace Spangler of Ventura, Calif., ington proclaimed November 26, 1789, stores there and in Columbus, remarked would benefit schools (children wouldn't as Thanksgiving. A letter from H. J. to red-haired George V. Sheridan, execu- miss two days), the oil industry, hotels, Sickel. a Philadelphia lawyer, took issue tive director of the Ohio Council of Re- and would be a boon to sports lovers. with this, saving the Continental Con- tail Merchants, that there would be six

He enlisted the help of his Congressman, gress "first nationally consecrated" more days of 1 939 Christmas business

Rep. Ed V. Izac of San Diego, only Navy Thanksgiving in 1777 by proclaiming it if Thanksgiving could be advanced. officer to win the Medal of Honor in on December 18. December dates also Sheridan looked up the history of

World War 1 and a friend of President were proclaimed for the next five years. Thanksgiving. He found that it had been Roosevelt. Izac forwarded Spangler's let- When 1939 calendars showed five celebrated on many dates and that ters to the White House. Thursdays in November, with Thanks- George Washington apparently chose the The same arguments were advanced giving on the very last day of the month, last Thursday in November in 1789 be- for Monday by the World Calendar As- suggestions came for advancing the date cause the Prayer Book of the Protestant sociation, the Monday Holiday Associa- as well as changing the day. In an April Episcopal Church in America, published tion and numerous individuals. One was 1 3 letter, the persistent Leary suggested that year, named this to be "observed C. M. Leary, owner of a laundry in "a Monday either in the second or third as a day of thanksgiving to Almighty Gary, Ind. He reported a one-day holi- week of November." Several urged a God for the fruit of the earth." But Presi- day in the middle of the week to be trou- Monday in October to coincide with dents who followed Washington issued blesome in his business and even more Canada's Thanksgiving and pointed out no Thanksgiving proclamations. Thomas so for the steel plant, then the biggest in that the first Pilgrim Thanksgiving in Jefferson felt one would interfere with the world, in his city. Leary's letters New England was in October. religious matters and violate the Consti- reached the President through Capt. Dan With merchant-sponsored parades in tution. Governors proclaimed Thanks-

THE AMERI N LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 21 CONTINUED June 26, "the retail stores and newspapers are anticipating one of the worst Christmas shopping periods in many When F.D.R. Juggled THANKSGIVING years. There will be only 20 shopping days and only three Sunday newspaper advertising days."

THE NATIONAL EMERGENCY COUNCIL President Roosevelt discussed the idea WASHINGTON with his cabinet and on June 29 asked Oflffirf of thrAttomrtf 09rarral Atty. Gen. Frank Murphy for an opin- June 26, 1939 fllaabhujhm.B.lf.. ion as to whether the President had authority "to change the date of Thanks- July 6, 1939. giving from the last Thursday ... to the To: The President of the United States The President, Monday nearest the 15th of November." From: The Executive Director The White House. On July 6, the Attorney General told My dear Mr. President: President Roosevelt that he had the au-

I have your request of June 29 for thority but "it would be advisable to be Thanksgiving this year, if the custon of the past authority 70 or 80 years is followed and your proclamation names my opinion whether you have assured in advance of the concurrence the last Thursday of November, will foil on llovember ?0, to change the date of Thanksgiving Day there beiri£ five Thursdays in tiiat month this year. from the last Thursday in November to the Monday nearest the fifteenth of In consequence of this late Thanksgiving date the November. retail stores and newspapers are anticipating one oi the THE WHITE HOUSE worst Christinas shopninr, neriods in i.iany years. There will WASHINGTON be only ?0 shopping days and only three Sunday newspaper In conclusion, therefore, it is my July 17, 1939. advertising days, opinion that while it is within your province as a matter of law to designate I am told that fixing the last Thursday of November MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT: as Thanksgiving Day the Monday nearest is a custom that started with Andrevr Johnson. There is, of BUI Hassett until his dyitig di.y will be course, no law on the subject. Lz a tK>st harvest celebration the fifteenth of November instead of the first of all a scholar and a gentleman. He will not it might prooerly for viost of the country fall on an earlier last Thursday in November, it would be put things in forceful language so that they will hit date. Prior to /aidrew Johnson's ti:ie the State governors, advisable to be assured in advance of the Therefore, this memorandum from me I believe, issued their own nroclanations and fixed their you in the eye. of the Governors of the gist own dates. concurrence covering one 1 have just received from Bill, the several States, or at least a great major- of which boils down to the fact that: The suggestion has been brought to me by the Executive ity of them, inasmuch as many statutes "The Protestants will raise Hell" if you Lirector of the Ohio Retail Council and the Director of the vest concurrent or alternative authority change their Thanksgiving Day celebration "from Thursda Ohio S tate PnbT ushe rs Asr-n ri nt 1 nn that you might be tempted to in the Governor of the State. Apart from ^-erm* the -jresent precedent and fix the fourth Thursday in to Monday" and that: November as the date for this y«ar. the misfortune of creating a division with get deeply involved with the respect to the date of observance of this "You will " Protestants if you make the attempt. Of course, the The merchants and the publishers have been discussing holiday, in the event one or more Governors this among themselves in Ohio, but there has been no publicity Protestants have more or less monopolized Thanksgiving for sentimental or other reasons should concerning their idea. The initiative coulu be left wholly Day. Of course the Catholics celebrate but do not decline to follow your lead, some doubt with you, or if it seemed desirable, a very considerable oemano feature their services and for that reason they might would be voiced by indicated. uncertainty would arise in such States those or go along with you -- but the Protestants will not. as to the legal effect of your action. It If are I have you interested will Prepared a history of could result under several statutes that the nresent custom as well as further data on the business situation confronting the mercluults one new soakers. both days would be legal holidays.

Respectfully, lellett, 'JTIVE DTRiXTOK.

Attorney General.

Lowell Mellett (left) and his memo of June Att'y Gen. Frank Murphy's warning 26, 1939, to the Presi- (above) to get the governors' support; dent about the date of (below) some governors' reactions. Thanksgiving.

Thanksgiving Shift giving in each state as they pleased. But a determined woman, Mrs. Sara Josepha Ruffles 11 Governors Hale, editor of Godey's Lady's Book, in- duced Abraham Lincoln to proclaim 'Calendar Tampering' "'national" Thanksgivings in IS63 and By Roosevelt Stirs 1864. Lincoln followed Washington's Traditionalists "last Thursday." Confronted with a five- America yesterday was a Nation divided against itself on the ques- When Roosevelt first proposed a Mon- Thursday November in 1865, so did An- tion of what day il should offer thanks, go to the football classics, day for Thanksgiving, Press Secretary Later Presidents had done drew Johnson. and wade into the turkey. Steve Early (shown with FDR) reported It looked as if there would be two there was no law requiring hell." the same but Thanksgivinft Days in 1939. the that Protestants would "raise them to do so. Roosevelt Thanksgiving and the traditional one The late Alexander Wiley, publisher In the angry controversy that followed President Roosevelt's an- of the Governors, or at least a great ma- of the Cincinnati Enquirer, endorsed ad- nouncement thai he was moving up Sheridan and Thanksgiving " week, from Novem- jority of them." Murphy's opinion con- vancing the date a week. ber 30 to November 23, 11 Slate Ed Martin, secretary of the Ohio State Governors mad* it clear that they cluded, "Apart from creating a division would refuse ii. abide by his "tam- '' re- respect to the date ... in the event Publishers Association, took the idea to pering with tne calendar To W. LEE O'DANIEL with fuse is certainiy their privilege, ai Two Thankiaiving or Governors for sentimental Washington and presented it to Lowell Ihe Stale Department explained one more r rhe President, the i hat the President's proclamation (he TradilionaluU fol- news- Other fo or other reasons should decline to Mellett, a soft-spoken former Ohio would be binding only in the Du- trict of Columbia and the Terri- or uncertainty paper editor who was one of President prised had the President changed low your lead, some doubt tories. Thanksgiving Day io his own birtti- 'Mair ill slay just where it arise in states as to the legal Roosevelt's advisors. Mellett became en- day." would such is.'* said Gov. Lewis O. Barrow* Senator Styles Bridges (Repub- effect of your action. It could result un- thusiastic. (Republican). "And I guess the lican), of New Hampshire, said the rest of New England will refuse to President's action was a complete statutes that both days would surprise "because there had been no der several "In consequence of this late Thanks- be regimented on its holidays I could only have been more lur- giving date," he wrote the President on See THANKS, rage 5, Column Z be legal holidays." 22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 SUPPORT THE PRESIDENT/ HONOR YOUR FOREFATHERS/ OBSERVE BOTH THANKSGIVINGS/

"Bring Mr. Rogers some bacon and eggs, Basseii. He's not celebrating till next week.'

The New Yorker magazine cartoonists had fun with the change of dates.

While Secy. Stephen T. Early pre- ber 30, to Thursday, November 23, and 'it was too late. The squabble was on. pared two-page letters to each Governor give them advance warning so they could We hadn't thought of the long-planned proposing Monday, November 13, as prepare the business world. football schedules, school holidays, al- Thanksgiving, his assistant, William D. "But he forgot that part," recalls manacs and calendars, railroad time- Hassett, called on the Rev. Dr. W. L. Lazarus, now chairman of Federated tables and other things. Even my broth- Darby, Executive Secretary of the Wash- Department Stores. "The announcement ers who were interested in Ohio State's

ington Federation of Churches, to ob- came from Campobello just as I was sit- football team were annoyed." tain the view of the Protestant Churches President Roosevelt fished blissfully as to the proposed change. Dr. Darby LOS ANGELES TIMES for a time, unaware of the furor. The assured him they would be hostile. For only message about Thanksgiving ra- one thing, there would be little chance of dioed to the Cruiser Tuscaloosa on which inducing people to come to church on he was vacationing was a congratulatory Monday, just a day after Sunday serv- one from Lew Hahn "expressing the ap- ices. preciation of retail merchants through- With the explanation that being "a out the country." But news of the open- scholar and a gentleman" prevented Has- ing moves of World War 2 in Europe cut sett from putting things in forceful lan- short the cruise. President Roosevelt re- guage, Secretary Early, on July 17, sum- turned to Washington by special train on marized his assistant's report for the August 24 to find newspaper headlines President in a few words: "The Protes- like "Shift in Thanksgiving Date Arouses

tants will raise hell if you change their Whole Country," and a mountain of let- Thanksgiving Day celebration 'from ters and telegrams expressing astonish- Thursday to Monday.' " The letters to ment, approval or consternation at his the Governors were not mailed. They decision. are now in the files at Hyde Park. "Great balls of blue fire," wrote a man President Roosevelt abandoned the in Santa Ana, Calif., "what did you want shift of Thanksgiving to a Monday but to stir up another tempest for?" A Wich- persisted in the idea of advancing the Defiance Sales Corp. (N.Y.) had printed ita, Kan., woman asked, "How can you date to help retailers. A further appeal calendars with Thanksgiving erroneously make such a mule of yourself?" A Sher- on Nov. 23. Date change made the error in their behalf came to him via the Sec- man, Tex., housewife wrote, "I don't correct. Los Angeles Times found a De- retary think there has ever been anything that of Commerce on August 4 from fiance calendar in L.A. Hall of Justice Lew Hahn, general manager of the Na- and got Nesta Williams to pose with it. has so completely torn the people up as tional Retail Dry Goods Association. this has." Mr. Hahn said any advancing of the holi- ting down to the first company dinner Scores of women who planned to be day "would not only be good for busi- of the bride of my son Ralph. She had Thanksgiving brides asked that President

ness, but for the public as well." The broken her back over it but I spent the Roosevelt make the date definite and ad- President sent word to Wiley and Laza- evening on the long-distance telephone vise them. One wrote to Secretary Early rus in Cincinnati that he would advance talking to retailers. Wiley did the same three times. A Cincinnati girl who Thanksgiving from Thursday, Novem- with publishers. {Continued on page 47)

THE AMERI CAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 23 By FRANK L. REMINGTON bait—and the city health department Prof. Harold Gunderson, Extension spearheaded a campaign to eliminate the Entomologist at Iowa State University the face of the swift pace of our city's 8 million rats. Youngsters dis- and a leading rat authority, told this Inadvances in technology, from the tributed information and free bait, and writer, "I don't believe that anyone can whole world of space travel and nu- aided health inspectors in an extermina- give a close estimate of the money loss clear weaponry to the virtual conquest tion program that produced gratifying due to rats in the United States. They eat of polio, man's ancient enemy, the rat, results. our food, cause tremendous contamina- simply smiles and comes along with us. Unfortunately, though, as Hamilton tion of food and feed, destroy fabrics and True, this mean, durable rodent has not Hicks, Jr., Educational Director of the gnaw on building materials. Rats bite recently scourged the populations of con- d-Con Co., told this writer, rat control babies and have been known to kill tinents by carrying the flea that carries remains a continuing task that requires young livestock. The loss estimates vary the Black Death. He is under better con- year-round attention. Without it, rats from $2 to $40 per year per rat." trol today than he used to be. But he has soon re-establish themselves in their old The rat invasion of suburbia is proba- not surrendered a whit, and he is only haunts. In January of this year, New bly this animal's latest adjustment to under better control because a quiet, un- York inaugurated another attack de- modern living. At least two factors have seen war is being waged against him ev- signed to eliminate rats in 6,000 slum fostered the immigration. Today, the rat ery day. Even so. he continues to wreak buildings. Because landlords of these rat- finds it necessary to forage further for an enormous toll on our society and, while man keeps inventing new ways to get rid of him, merrily adapts himself to humanity's changing ways. our unwanted is Dr. Ralph E. Heal, executive secre- How companion adapting to tary of the National Pest Control As- sociation in Elizabeth, N.J., which com- prises 1,100 exterminating firms, esti- our changing ways, as he has through all history. mates that there are in the United States about 6,000 firms engaged in pest control in and around dwellings, stores, industrial plants, boats and other struc- infested buildings failed to act, Mayor food because of vast urban renewal proj- tures. They represent a gross business of Robert F. Wagner said: "The city must, ects that eliminate slums and foster bet-

$350 million a year, of which about for the health of the people concerned, ter sanitation. The second factor is the 30% —or more than $ 100 million a year move into the breach." modern garbage grinder installed in most —is spent on the employment of profes- Though few city residents realize it, new homes which discharges tremendous sionals to control rats and mice, with rats rat-borne bubonic plague remains a quantities of edible food into sewer sys- the biggest target. About 15,000 people smoldering danger. In the 14th century, tems. Rats feast upon this garbage.

U.S. DEP'T OF THE INTERIOR, FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE

A brown rat caught in the act Electric cable gnawed by rat in Lafay- Lead pipe gnawed by rats to keep their con- of raiding an Iowa corn bin. ette, Ind. —a cause of many city fires. stantly growing incisor teeth trimmed down.

are employed as professional "vertebrate plague wiped out a quarter of Europe's So the city sewer, even as in ancient exterminators" (chiefly rats, but also population. Last year a five-year-old boy times, is again a rat haven providing sus- mice, birds and other vertebrate pests). found a dead rat in the back yard of his tenance, comparative safety and hidden They make up the bulk of the manpower San Francisco home. His parents hustled runways. Frequently rats dig up through of the 25,000 professionals in the pest the corpse to the U.S. Communicable sewer fissures into the better neighbor- control business. Disease Center, where technicians dis- hoods. Occasionally they swim through

New York began a war on rats in 1 960 covered it harbored dread bubonic sewers and enter homes through floor when the animals ran rampant in lower plague bacilli. Chilled by the news, the drains. income areas. In one instance an infant's city health department quickly searched The common brown rat, also called cries awakened the parents, who discov- for other plague-infected rats but fortu- the Norway rat, probably originated in ered a rat gnawing greedily at the baby's nately discovered no further evidence of central or southeastern Asia. It followed fingers. Rats became so bold in an East the disease. "Should plague break out in the caravan and shipping routes of man Side district that babies' cribs had to be a congested American city," says Dr. Leo —as always—arriving in Europe early covered with wire netting to protect the Kartman of the Communicable Disease in the 18th century, where it drove out tots from attack. Center, "no one could estimate the num- the black rat. Ships brought it to Amer- The New York Daily News, the d-Con ber of people who would be infected be- ica by the time of or before the Revolu- Co.—manufacturer of an anticoagulant fore the epidemic could be contained." tion and it has spread in every state. 24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • C rOBER 1964 —-

tail, which is 7 to IVi inches long. He weighs from ten to 17 ounces, and a one pound rat is considered unusually large. 3 The largest authenticated record is 2 4 pounds, or 44 ounces. The average life

span is only about eight months, but individuals can live beyond three years. Scientists say that proportionately "brain weight" to "body weight" the rat has more brains than man.

A brown rat's vision is poor, but the senses of smell, taste, hearing and touch are keen. Frequent sniffings tell him much about his surroundings and the lo-

cation and choice of food. He is fright- ened by unusual sounds and usually hur- ries to safety, but he becomes accus- (Continued on page 50) Man's Enemy RAT,

It owes its survival to many of the main almost invisible; but if the farmer same qualities that man owes his to doesn't go after them they may run in being tough, smart, adaptable and, to a plain sight in his barnyard and chicken great extent, fearless. Though a rodent, houses. Their boldness increases with

as the rabbit is, the rat is the tiger of the their numbers. Not long ago a Maryland rodent family — "fierce and cunning" farmer who had been indifferent to rats says Encyclopaedia Britannica. It will was visited by a rat hunting party of fight back so savagely when cornered friends, with fox terriers. The terriers,

that to "fight like a cornered rat" is part who could hardly find a rat in the open of our language. on their own farms, killed 250 in an hour The rat's ability to live, as man does, as their owners flushed rats out of on any of a large variety of foods makes chicken houses, haystacks, deep weeds

it as independent as man is of a spe- and piles of empty feed bags in daylight. Bill Spitz, of the Big State Exterminating Co., cialized food supply. Many animals are The average length of the adult Nor- keeps this big poison-making machine busy to thinned out by destruction of their habi- way rat is 16 to 18 inches including the control rats at docksites of Port Houston, Tex. tats. The brown rat's habitat is man's— his fields, his dwellings, factories, warehouses, wharfs, ships, sewers, cities, chicken houses, stables, barns, gardens. The rat adapts, mentally and tempera- mentally as well as biologically, to new situations. He makes himself at home in a corncrib or on a ship at sea, in a hole in the ground or between the rafters of

a house, and is a strong swimmer on or under water. Instinctive behavior in animals makes them liable to easier control, but individual rats—again like man—appear to learn a great deal through experience and observation. If a farmer vigorously hunts rats, they learn that

they have a tough landlord and will re- One night's catch of rats in traps in a single warehouse. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 25 WASHINGTON V^<"^ I PRO * CON OPPOSING VIEWS ON CUBAN REVOLUTIONARIES BY

SHOULD THE U. S. RECOGNIZE 0

YES

Rep. William C. Cramer (R-Fla.) pelled from Cuba. They will be buried the deepest, if 12th District buried by Cubans—on the island and in exile." The exile community cannot help accomplish this One obvious step to rid the Americas of communism objective unless it wins the support of the entire free States take the leadership is the recognition of a free, non- world. The United must communist Cuban Government by recognizing a free Cuban Government in Exile, in Exile. thus encouraging the OAS to follow suit. Historically and traditionally, Until recently, the strongest argument against the United States has recognized recognizing a Cuban Government in Exile was the many free governments in exile supposed difficulty of knowing which exile group to recognize. The exile community itself has answered —and still does. Today, for example, we continue to recognize the exiled governments of Estonia, Latvia, this argument. Recently, a group named the Comite in and Lithuania despite the fact that these European Pro-Referendum was able to locate 75,103 Cubans of countries are republics of the Soviet Union. exile throughout the world who, by reason age and All Conditions necessitating the recognition of govern- other normal standards, qualified as voters. were against ments in exile in other countries exist in Cuba today mailed ballots on which they could vote for or of five respected, nonpolitical Cuban ... an alien government occupying a previously recog- a panel widely nized free country. exiles to represent the exile community. Votes cast in favor of the panel numbered 40,905. Once a Cuban Government in Exile is recognized, Opposed, 979. Thus, of the votes cast were in it can legally receive our assistance as well as the 98% support of this group, an accomplishment which clearly assistance of other hemispheric nations. It would fall dispelled the belief that cannot get together under the provisions of the treaties of Rio and Caracas. Cubans politically. It could become a member of the Organization of that in exile American States. Many claim recognizing governments has been an historically unsuccessful to free cap- A Government in Exile could, as well, accomplish way tive nations. Maybe this is true. But Cuba, unlike the these objectives: a) Provide a rallying force for all enslaved countries, is an island of slavery in Cuban refugees; b) Give encouragement and help to European a hemisphere of free nations. As such, it cannot stand the Cuban underground; c) Give courage and hope if take clearly needed steps, one of which is recog- to the oppressed anti-Castro Cubans who are in the we nition of free Government in Exile. majority in Cuba; d) Provide the means for Cubans a Cuban to win back their own freedom. A recent report of the Senate's "Subcommittee to Investigate Problems Connected with Refugees and Escapees" said: "Castro and communism must be ex-

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel

on this big issue, fill out the "ballot" on the facing page and mail it to him.

26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 REP. WILLIAM C. CRAMER, FLA., AND SEN. PHILIP A. HART, MICH.

CUBAN GOVERNMENT IN EXILE? NO

Sen. Philip A. Hart The United States—and the Organization of American (D-Mich.) States—should be free to take advantage of such de- velopments, and to respond favorably to requests for recent report by the Sen- assistance if other conditions warrant it. A recognized A ate Subcommittee on Ref- Government in Exile, however, would tie our hands. It ugees "encourages efforts is improbable that an exile government would have toward finding a broad formula strong connections with a revolutionary provisional for unity among Cuban exile or- government on Cuban soil. ganizations ... A broadly based There are other reasons against recognizing a Gov- exile organization could author- ernment in Exile. Most observers, including exile itatively address governments, leaders, agree it would be difficult to find a stable international bodies, and public opinion in the cause coalition which could unite the majority of exiles be- of Cuban freedom." hind it. Too many competing elements exist. Moreover, The report calls "inadvisable," however, a Govern- any selection made inevitably would be labeled a ment in Exile. The Subcommittee's view is heavily puppet government. weighted on the side of logic and prudence. And our ability to work with those left out would One of the principle reasons is the historical ex- be severely limited, causing many secondary problems perience which suggests clearly that governments in to detract from the main issue of Cuba's freedom. exile offer little substance in efforts to regain a lost On the legal side, a most important factor to con- country. Such governments tend to lose touch with sider is that U.S. recognition of an exile government the people inside the country. Yet, in the case of Cuba, would free Castro of Cuba's obligations under the expertly organized internal resistance will be an im- Guantanamo Treaty. The United States should not portant element in securing the island's freedom. Few make it easier for Castro to dodge his treaty obliga- Americans or Cuban exiles advocate outright invasion. tions through direct action or in the United Nations. Responsible exile leaders who command loyalties But that is precisely the effect our recognition of a within Cuba, logically should assist the internal re- Government in Exile would have. sistance. As the Subcommittee report states, the lead- Cuba's freedom is important to the security and ers' ties with Cuba "should be encouraged and development of the Western Hemisphere. But it is strengthened in order to maintain and broaden the fire doubtful that a recognized Government in Exile would of disaffection and eventual revolt." lend much support to the variety of efforts needed in A popular anti-Castro movement, or defection in the pursuing this objective. armed forces or government, could well develop into an organized political alternative to the Castro regime. It is conceivable that freedom fighters could secure control of a piece of territory, establish a provisional / government, and ask for recognition and assistance.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

I have read in The American Legion Magazine IH MY OPINION THE U.S. for October the arguments in PRO & CON: Q SHOULD SHOULD NOT RECOGNIZE A CUBAN GOV'T IN EXILE.

Should The U.S. Recognize A Cuban Govern- SIGNED ADDRESS ment in Exile? TOWN STATE

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 27 the edge inside your trousers to hold it in place. Newspaper in the soles of your boots will help keep your feet warm, also. It's surprisingly good insulation.

WHEN A FOG TRAPS YOU out on a lake, your best friend is a compass. With- out one you'll row in circles because you unconsciously pull harder with your strong- Shooting Crows on the Wing er arm. Even an outboard motor won't keep you on a straight course. A method to keep you on a constant heading, once you've estimated the direction of land from the Although game-bird seasons are short When crows are on the wing in daylight, wind or shore noises, is to drag about 15 and bag limits small, if you go crow far from fleeing these enemies the crows feet of rope from the stern of your boat, hunting this fall you should enjoy fabulous will make aggressive "divebombing" runs at says David Blade of Hammond, Ind. When wingshooting. Most hunters are reluctant them to drive them off. the rope follows straight out behind, you're to try it: they believe the canny crow is too traveling straight; when it slants at an angle, difficult to lure within shotgun range. It's YOU'LL BAG MORE GAME if you im- you're turning. large surface lure on the true that these birds are probably the wisest prove your hearing by using a second-hand A same length of fishline will work as well. in the animal kingdom. They have their own hearing aid, advises H. M. Miller of Logan,

language and an organized community sys- Kansas. After practicing with it in the for hunters and anglers tem, one feature of which is a kind of kan- woods, you'll be able to distinguish the va- MATCH CACHE is suggested David Schnarrs of Niagara garoo court which judges and executes its rious distant sounds such as those of moving by the of matches in lawbreakers. They avoid hunters by post- deer, the cluck of grouse and the low call Falls, N.Y. Dip heads then ing sentries for a feeding flock and by send- of quail. Then, since hearing aids are direc- melted paraffin to waterproof them, shot- ing out scouts to investigate suspicions of tional, you can easily locate the source of take off the butt plate of your rifle or gun, drill a hole in the stock if one isn't danger. And little escapes their sharp eyes. each sound. Any hearing aid dealer can get there already, stuff the matches inside and But as autumn weather grows colder, their you a used one. Buy the cheapest available. replace the butt plate. Remove the end caps intelligence becomes an advantage to a shot- It will probably be the old-fashioned large from the handles of your fishing rods and gunner who knows their habits. He can bag kind, but size is no disadvantage for this You'll never be without an a hundred or more of these pests a day. purpose. do the same. emergency fire-starter. In fall the scattered crows, which have lived as family units during the summer, CARRYING A DEER out of the woods is WHEN YOU GO BOAT FISHING, in salt prepare for winter by assembling in large a backbreaking job, even for two hunters. water especially, take along a pair of bi- groups, or roosts, which contain thousands And carrying it is the best way; dragging noculars. You'll be able to see distant gulls of individuals. These are about a half-mile and terns when they gather in flocks and in diameter and the birds of each roost dart close to the surface. This indicates a gather in it every night. At dawn they leave good fishing spot because they snatch bait- it quickly to feed and play, returning to it fish which are attempting to escape the large gradually from early afternoon till dusk. fish feeding on them. Sometimes you can But on these daily migrations they travel see the baitfish jumping in a silver cloud. definite flyways, about eight or more, to Bluefish will fill their stomachs with them, and from an assembly area on each flyway then disgorge them and feed again; in this is four miles the roost. which about from case the birds swoop down on the dead bait- Therefore the hunter has a of direct number fish floating on the water. In fresh water, bi- four-mile routes he can locate over which noculars enable you to spot jumping fish crows will be flying twice a day. If he hides and schools breaking the surface. on one of them, preferably in the afternoon when the flights continue for a longer pe- THERE'S ALWAYS AN EASIER WAY, riod, he can literally burn up a case of shot- and Charles Sebastian of Kemah, Texas, gun shells. found one for quail hunting. He first it ruins the hide. Harry Miller of Sarasota, has location a roost (which usually is lets his dogs hunt The of Fla., decided to spare his back and rigged finds the coveys, then in the the position its is easier than it seems. deep woods) and of a stretcher-like cradle of tubular steel with them. He says this fiyways can be found by observing fol- he arrives at the hunting grounds at and a bicycle wheel mounted below it. The four When whistles a few times and if a lowing the crows in the afternoon. Don't stretcher handles, two in front and two in daybreak, he it will answer. Then he marks disturb a roost or the birds may abandon the rear, are provided with rubber bike covey is near, its direction with a stick or a line scratched it and your season's shooting will be ruined. grips. With this device, deer carrying is easy, When you decide to hunt, choose a flyway even over rough ground. on the ground, and drives a quarter-mile on which the crows will be flying into the down the road where he repeats his whistle, several coveys located in wind; they will fly lower and more slowly. INSECT REPELLENTS protect you from etc. After he has turns his dogs loose at each Select a spot between the roost and assem- bugs that bite, but they may have a bite this manner, he to the birds. bly area, about three miles from the roost, of their own, warns Ken Dixon of Walker- marker in turn and directs them build a brush blind or cover yourself with ton, Ind. Some of them contain solvents for carrying snelled war-surplus camouflage netting (wear a which eat away the varnish on your gun- VARIOUS DEVICES hooks are on the market. But David Burns white ski suit when snow has fallen), hang stock or fishing rod. Test your repellent on of Chicago. 111., spaces the hooks on a length a dozen crow decoys on nearby trees and a piece of varnished wood. If it makes the tape and places another piece of get ready for fast action. After each flock varnish cloudy or sticky, wash your hands of Scotch tape top to seal them, then rolls them has passed, gather and hide the dead crows. before handling your rod or gun. on up for easy storing in his tackle kit. When A crow call will bring the birds closer if he needs a hook he just peels it off. you are skilled in its use. And an owl decoy SHOULD THE THERMOMETER drop on a [iee branch will help: the owl is the unexpectedly and catch you with insuffi- If you have a helpful idea for this feature crows' No. 1 enemy because it can attack cient warm hunting clothing, there's no send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you them in their roost at night when they can't need to stay close to your camp fire, ad- $5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re- see. instead of owl, use a live cat vises E. Mayover of Bradenton, Fla. lust Or an turn, or enter into correspondence concern- tethered to a rope, and give him your first use the old hobo trick: fold several thick- ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, dead bird as a reward for his services: the nesses of newspaper and slip them under the The American Legion Magazine, 720 Fifth cat is another crow enemy. front and back of your hunting jacket. Tuck Ave., New York, N. Y. 10019.

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH VETERANS NEWSLETTER ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU OCTOBER 1964 VETS PENSION REFORM BILL (HR1927) across the country to implore their Sen- PASSES HOUSE UNANIMOUSLY, HITS ators speedily to pass the House version ADMINISTRATION OPPOSITION IN SENATE: . . . No veterans pension reform has been HR1927, The American Legion's veterans adopted since the present law was passed pension reform bill, passed the House of in 1959 . . . The bill adopted then (PL86- Representatives without a dissenting vote 211) was imperfect, while cost-of-living on August 11 by a count of 388 to 0 . . . — increases since then would have outmoded As passed, the bill that was originally- it to the detriment of the veterans un- introduced by Rep. Roland Libonati (111.) fortunate enough to meet the conditions had been amended in the House Veterans of a VA pension long since, had it been a Affairs Committee before reporting it out perfect law at the time. (See Sept. "Newsletter.") . . . While lack- Among the salient points of the House ing many of the original provisions it version of HR1927 are increases in pen- was still a liberalization of the present sion payments to veterans and widows in law, especially for vets and widows in the lower income brackets ; a raising of most need. the income ceilings in the two lowest in- The bill then went to the Senate Fi- come brackets ; and a waiving of 10% of nance Committee, where "Newsletter" and any retirement pay, public or private, as most observers thought it would have clear income that could restrict receipt of a sailing . . . The passage by the House VA pension . . . The latter has special had been understood to indicate an agree- immediate importance since increases in ment by Senate and Administration leaders Social Security benefits are envisioned to adopt HR1927 in the House-passed ver- in the near future . . . When counted as sion . . . "Newsletter" is trapped by the income by a VA pensioner, they have the timing in reporting here the of result effect in many cases of giving him a small what developed into a confusing situation Social Security increase while making him . . . With the Democratic National Con- ineligible for larger sums in VA pension vention and the sad death of Mrs. Harry ... As every person so affected is al- Byrd, wife of the Senate Finance Commit- ready in an extremely low income bracket, tee Chairman, Senate action was delayed and bereft of his normal breadwinning beyond our present deadline, though the abilities, Social Security increases with- Committee held hearings ... As we went out the benefits of HR1927 are more cruel - to press the bill did not have clear sail than beneficial to large numbers of VA ing . . . The Budget Bureau reported op- pensioners. position to the bill in verbal testimony, and VA Chief John S. Gleason, Jr. , also VETERANS NURSING CARE BILL reported verbally to the Committee that ENACTED INTO LAW, AUG. 19: he anticipated Administration opposi- President Johnson signed HR8009, the tion ... At our presstime, our grapevine veterans nursing care bill, on August 19, (which we only treat as a grapevine and after it had cleared the Senate on Aug. not the final word), intimated that the 4 . . . The important measure (see "News- Administration might go along with the letter," Sept.) authorizes 4,000 vets bill, but seek additional amendments of nursing care beds in the VA, in addition its own first . . . All of which left pen- to VA's 125,000 hospital-bed ceiling; and sion reform for this year in the hazy area encourages many more vets nursing care of (1) maybe nothing, (2) maybe a watered beds in the states by giving federal aid version, (3) maybe the House version, to states which create veterans nursing due to the turn of events brought on by care facilities . . . Bill originated in Administration testimony in the Senate House Vets Affairs Committee, and was

. . . The upshot may be known to readers strongly backed by The American Legion, from the public press before "Newsletter" because of the great need for it among reports again. aged and chronically ill veterans who are In view of the situation, The American eligible for VA medical care, but for whom Legion called on its local leadership nursing is actually needed.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . OCTOBER 1964 29 LEGION BACKS BILL TO In lengthy testimony, O'Connor noted EXTEND SOCIAL SECURITY that Congress had failed to finance a BEYOND AGE 18 FOR STUDENTS joint study committee on immigration pol- The American Legion has strongly backed icy, created in 1952 . . . As a result, HR11865 in testimony before the Senate any attempt to alter our immigration pol- Finance Committee . . . HR11865 would ex- icy today would be done in the dark with tend Social Security benefit payments to respect to its diverse possible effects dependent children beyond age 18, and up on this nation and the nations from which to age 21, if they are enrolled in an new immigrants might come under a new app roved school and remain unmarried . . . policy ... He especially pointed out Under present law, those Social Security the probable error of recommendations that benefits paid as the result of the death, new unskilled labor be encouraged to en- retirement or disability of a worker, on ter the country, in view of the present behalf of his children, stop when the problems of the labor unions and under- children reach 18 . . . The Legion has trained high school graduates and dropouts noted that this cutoff impairs opportuni- in our increasingly technological society. ties for higher education for such chil- The Legion would oppose any change in dren ... In Res. 544 of its 1962 Nat f 1 the basic law, said O'Connor, pending a Convention the Legion urged a law to ex- study that would cover its impact on na- tend the age limit beyond 18 if the child tional security and subversion; crime, is continuing in school, which HR11865 pauperism, and morality; its relation to would do. our natural population growth and its prob- On Aug. 10, Edward J. Wieland, Assist- lems ; its effect ant American Legion Americanism Director, on the urban-rural bal-

ance ; its relation to automation, in urging passage of the bill before the technological skills and unemployment Senate committee, noted that there are ; its effect on 2,521,000 American children under 18 re- the manpower, economy and social conditions of the nations or origin; ceiving such benefits ... As the chief its family wage earner is either deceased or relation to immigration policies of other

nations ; the probable net impact on our retired for age or disability in each such standard of living, and its meaning to our case, the cutoff at 18 works an economic educational facilities. hardship if the child is in school . . . Many school dropouts may be attributed O'Connor scoffed at arguments that the present policy "is dead" because of tem- to this, Wieland noted ... He noted that among all school dropouts, economic hard- porary additional quotas admitted after WW2, and "should therefore" be superseded ship has been named the cause of 40% of . . . Basic policy, he intimated, should them in case studies ... He cited So- stand on fact, not semantics. cial Security Agency figures that 240,000 children between 18 and 21 would benefit LEGION SUPPORTS BILL (if during the from the bill enacted) RESTRICTING DANGEROUS DRUGS month of September this year, all of whom In testimony given by Child Welfare are, or would be, in school ... A sub- Director Randel Shake, The American Legion sequent proposal in the committee to make has supported S2628, a bill to exercise the cutoff at age 22 would bring that more federal control over certain danger- figure to 275,000. ous drugs, including barbiturates and Wieland is the Legion's staff special- amphetamines . . . They have recently had ist on Education and Scholarships, based a growing use among teen-agers for non- at Indianapolis Hq. medical purposes in what Shake described to the Senate Labor Committee's Subcom- LEGION OPPOSES REVISION OF mittee on Health as "blue angels," "yel- IMMIGRATION LAW IN ABSENCE low jackets," "beanies" and "pep pills." OF STUDY OF ITS EFFECTS: The American Legion, through the person Shake noted that stepped up use of such of Nat 1 1 Americanism Commission Chairman drugs by teen-agers purely to feel their Daniel J. O'Connor (N.Y.), has opposed effects had been reported to the Legion HR7700 and other bills to alter the basic by its spokesmen in its various Child Wel- McCarran-Walter Immigration Act, in an fare Areas in the nation, as a result of appearance before the subcommittee on which the Legion called for more federal Immigration and Naturalization of the control of the drugs at its 1963 National House Committee on the Judiciary. Convention.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 —.

OF THE NEWS AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS AFFAIRS OCTOBER 1964'

championships, California teams have Upland, Calif., Baseball Team won the title ten times and have been runner-up four times. Wins Legion Little World Series Champion Upland, backed all the way by vociferous rooters, conquered De- troit, Charlotte, 3-1; Lewiston, 5-0; Post 73 rebounds from defeat by Charlotte, N.C., Post 7-0; lost to Charlotte, 2-0; and defeated Char- 9 to take final game of tourney at Little Rock, Ark. lotte, 3-1. The champions had everything pitching brilliance and depth, hitting (four batters in the first six in the aver- ages), and sound fielding. Rollie Fingers pitched two victories for Upland, played outfield, won the batting title with an average for the regional and finals competition of .450, and was chosen the Out- standing Legion Player of 1964. The James F. Daniel Award, the Sportsmanship Trophy, went to Joseph F. Moody, Charlotte's catcher. Fingers clinched the title game for Upland, yielding only two hits and fanning 10. California's Fred Wilding tripled in the third inning and scored on Dave Shoji's single. In the sixth, Bill Holland hit one of his two doubles and got to The champions: Upland Post 73 baseball team, of Upland, Calif., third on Mike Balboni's single. Dean winner of the 38th annual American Legion Little World Series. Harmon doubled and two runs came in. With the bases full in the fourth, Char- third The baseball team of young men 18 outfield. . . I made Joe DiMaggio a star. lotte's Bob Vessell scored from and under sponsored by Upland, Calif., Nobody knew he could go back on a after the catch of Skippy Hull's liner to Post 73, American Legion, is the national ball until I pitched." deep center. American Legion Baseball champion for The then Legion Nat'l Cmdr Daniel F. The eight finalists, who got to the 1964. The Californians won their title in Foley attended the banquet, took part Little World Series by winning their the final game of the 38th annual Little in the opening, and presented a plaque state titles and then beating back 43 World Series at Little Rock, Ark., on to Arkansas Traveler business manager other state champions in regional elimi-

Monday, Aug. 3 1 . They turned back for Ray Winder in appreciation for services nations, were the teams sponsored by: the second time in the tourney the team to the Legion World Series. The Travel- A Upland Post 73, Upland, Calif. (Na- representing Hornet's Nest Post 9, Char- ers, a professional minor league club tional, Region 8 and California cham- lotte, N.C. leading the Pacific Coast League at the pion) . The finals, staged by M. M. Eberts time, gave the use of the field, staff, and A Hornet's Nest Post 9, Charlotte, N.C. Post 1, were the culmination of Legion lights for night ball gratis. Hard working (National runner-up, Region 3 and post-sponsored activity of 240,000 boys general chairman of the Post 1 baseball North Carolina champion). from all over the United States. The 128 committee was Thomas A. Moore. A Henry J. Sweeney Post 2, Man- players on the eight teams that reached Upland, making its first appearance chester, N.H. (Region 1 and New Hamp- the national finals at Little Rock battled in the Little World Series, defeated shire champion). through local, city, county, state, and Charlotte, 3-1, early in the week, lost, A Arthur Huttner-Carmine Pasqualini regional levels of competition. To put 2-0, in a rematch, then downed the Caro- Post 1367, Staten Island, N.Y. (Region them there took countless hours of lina team 3-1, for the national title. 2 and New York champion). organizing, coaching, befriending, travel Sponsored by the Blanchard Distributing Broadmoor Post 215, New Orleans, planning, stimulating, and guiding by Co. (petroleum products), the team A La. (Region 4 and Louisiana champion) each volunteer coach and manager. In drew its players from four schools (high Thomas A. Edison Post 187, Detroit, these round robin finals, two losses were and prep). Only two boys will be in- A Mich. (Region 5 and Michigan cham- necessary to eliminate a team. eligible for next year's competition.

pion) . Former big league stars were guests of The manager is Ted Miller, who in Becker-Chapman Post 138, Water- Post 1 at the banquet which preceded private life works in aircraft mainte- A Iowa champion). the games: Stan Musial, Vernon (Lefty) nance. The coach, Max Harmon, is in loo, la. (Region 6 and Gomez, Bill Dickey, George Kell (who construction work. Winning the Legion A Lewis-Clark Post 13, Lewiston, Ida. was master of ceremonies), Lon War- title gave Upland a season record of 37 (Region 7 and Idaho champion). neke, and Carl Sawatski. Gomez was the won, 16 lost. The opening game was a fashion show hit of the night: "I owe what success It was the second successive win by a in which Lewiston, Ida., appeared in I had to clean living and a fast, friendly California team. In 38 national Legion highly sensible and attractive uniforms THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 31 NEWS

a man on third itching to score, second baseman John Young alertly broke up a potential double steal attempt by cutting off the throw from the catcher, chasing the runner back toward first, then quickly throwing to third to get the man there. Two fine pitching performances were seen when Lewiston nosed out Waterloo, 2-0. Grogan and Folkers allowed a total of one earned run between them. In this game, Lewiston's second baseman, Wayne Adams, 5' 7" and 140 pounds, went far back in short right center and, while falling, caught a crucial bid for a hit. He was later cut on the right cheek- bone by a bad hop on a ground ball. The blow shattered his glasses, but he continued to play and later had six stitches

Charlotte's catcher, Joseph F. Moody, won put in the gash. Upland's Rollie Fingers won batting title James F. Daniel Sportsmanship Trophy. Upland continued to serve up star & Outstanding Player of Year Award. pitchers. Following Price and Fingers, that defied baseball tradition. The team Steve Kokor, a 6' 3" righthander, shut Hurler John Hamilton held Manchester, was dressed in blue T-shirts, knee-length out the hustling Lewiston team, 5-0. Up- N.H., scoreless for nine innings, giving shorts, and knee-high socks. Explained land's Price, Fingers, and Kokor at this three hits (two by Darrell Buck). Losing Manager Dwight Church: "Back home point struck had out 29 and allowed just pitcher Bob Peacock yielded seven hits, we've started double-headers at 6 p.m. one unearned run in 27 innings finals of permitted no score after the first inning with the temperature at 110 degrees, so play. ( In the entire series they gave three uprising. Lewiston 3, Manchester 0. we decided to look for a cooler way to earned runs in five games.) Game #2: Waterloo. Ia.. nosed out play ball." The shorts are cut-down base- Lewiston startled the spectators. Each New Orleans, La., by 3-2 in a tight pitch- ball trousers. player ran practically at top speed in ing and fielding battle. Rich Folkers Lewiston's coach, Dwight Church, was taking and leaving the field, after a base fanned 12 New Orleans batters and gave a member of that team some years ago on balls, after being hit by a pitched ball, them four hits. Gerald Schoen gave the when it won the Idaho title four straight and even after being called out on strikes. Iowa hitters the same number, but walked years. This year's club has also won four Centerfielders George Barracco of two batters in the third inning, both of straight. This is its first participation in New Orleans and Dale Callahan of Lew- whom scored on John Miller's line single. the nationals. Manchester, 25-time state iston made stirring catches of deep Game #3: A constantly threatened 1 -0 Legion champion, drew 23,000 fans to drives. Two of the best hits were by Jerry lead by Staten Island, N.Y.. over Char- its five regional games. Pompa of Detroit and Skippy Hull of lotte, N.C., lasted four innings despite After Gov. Orval Faubus threw two Charlotte—high on the outfield wall. bombardment of pitcher John Hurley by opening pitches prior to Game #2, the The Charlotte team, after its Region 3 the Carolinians. Then, in the fifth. Char- official opener, Richard Folkers, 6-foot, victory, set out for Little Rock and even- lotte lined up its big bats and pushed 150-pound Waterloo, la., hurler, made tually arrived there by way of Dallas, across three runs. The final figures were: his Legion season record 18-0 and his Texas. Fog disrupted airline schedules. Charlotte 8 runs, 17 hits, 4 errors; Staten career Legion record 28-0 when he Waterloo's left fielder, John Miller, Island 1, 3, 3. Ronnie Lemonds got four fanned 12 New Orleans hitters to win against Detroit, caught a long foul fly hits for the winners. Garry Hill held New the night contest. and doubled himself over the low railing York to three hits and got three, fanned Upland's Mike Price (pitcher) and in foul territory, but held the ball. 10, and allowed no earned runs. Roland Fingers (p-of) toured in the Against Upland in Game #13, Caro- Another tight ball early season with an amateur team spon- lina's Moody grounded out, but got an- Game #4: game was broken open when Upland, Calif., sored by the Los Angeles Dodgers. A other chance when the first base umpire high incidence of broken bats plagued declared he had called time. Moody then erupted for four runs in the fifth and the tourney. "You can blame that on the doubled and later scored. It was the three in the seventh. Final score: Up- current craze for light bats," said one game's only run for seven innings. land 7, Detroit. Mich. 0. Pitcher Mike official. Game #1: Lewiston, Ida., got three Price struck out I 1 Detroiters, gave four The Staten Island team demonstrated runs with two out in the first innin« of hits, and got two hits. a perfect play against Detroit when, with the series opener and was never headed. Game #5: Detroit relief pitcher Fred

CELEBRITIES ATTENDING LEGION BASEBALL BANQUET AT LITTLE ROCK, ARK.

Lefty Gomez Lon Warneke Stan Musial Carl Sawatski Bill Dickey George Kell Daniel F. Foley 32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE OCTOBER 1964 NEWS

before the finals as "likely to be out- Third Round standing," shut out hustling Lewiston, Detroit 11 5-0, showing speed and poise. Kokor Waterloo 2 6' 3", 170, one more year of eligibility) Charlotte 6 gave six hits and fanned 11. It was a New Orleans 1 tight 1-0 game for five innings. Losing pitcher John Hamilton gave only two Upland 5 earned runs. There were five Lewiston Lewiston 0 errors. (Waterloo, la., and New Orleans, La., Game #12: Detroit 5, Lewiston 1. eliminated; Upland undefeated; Detroit. A tense, 1-1 stand-off for six innings, Charlotte, Lewiston, one loss each.) this game was clinched by a four-run Detroit uprising in the seventh. Rick Fourth Round Detroit 5 Konik held Lewiston to three hits and Lewiston 1 one unearned run, fanned nine, got himself three hits, and batted in two runs. Charlotte 2 Detroit's runs came via three hits, four Upland 0 misplays, a stolen base, and a bunt. (Lewiston, Ida., eliminated; all others, one Charlotte 2, Upland 0. Upland lost Game #13 to Charlotte de- Game #13: loss.) spite swing of pinch-hitting Jerry Regan. A surprise to those outside the Charlotte team was pitcher Bob Boyd (although Fifth Round Beauregard started this game and went he had a 9-1 record), who shut out Charlotte 10 Detroit 2 all the way to set back Staten Island, N. highly favored Upland with one hit. 3-2, Many long Upland smacks went directly Y., when a ninth-inning New York (Upland drew a bye; Detroit, Mich., elimi- rally produced one run and then died. to outfielders. Mike Price yielded six hits nated; Upland, Charlotte, one loss each.) Detroit catcher Mike Jamula, 6'2" and and fanned 16 Carolinians (the highest 210, drove in two runs with a two-out one-game total of the series), 14 on Sixth Round single in the top of the ninth. swinging third strikes. Both defenses Upland .. Charlotte Game #6: The New Orleans Ram- were great. Game #14: Charlotte 10, Detroit 2. blers accepted Manchester Sports' 6 er- (Upland, Calif., is the champion. Charlotte, Short on pitching after a strenuous week, runner-up.) rors, 1 hit batsman, 2 wild pitches, 2 S.C., the both teams hung on by their nails. John passed balls, and a balk in the course of Richards and Bill Sellers, hurling for State Winners posting a 14-4 win over the New Eng- Charlotte, fared better than Detroit's Here are the State and D. C. 1964 landers. The winners got 14 hits. George Fred Beauregard. Charlotte the American Legion Baseball champions: 14-1 made Ditta,with a pitching record, fanned ALABAMA: Post 34, Tuscaloosa. most of its 10 hits, and each side com- 1 1 losers and had good support. ALASKA: Post 1, Anchorage. mitted three errors. Rain delayed start- ARIZONA: Post 1, Phoenix. Game #7: The poise of Upland's ARKANSAS: Post 31, Fort Smith. ing about 40 minutes. pitching was again in evidence as Rollie CALIFORNIA: Post 73, Upland. COLORADO: Post 18, Greeley. Fingers (6' 4", 190, Bat. Aver. .500) CONNECTICUT: Post 2, Bristol. Here are the round-by-round results DELAWARE: Post 18, Claymont. held Charlotte's strong hitters to three D.C.: Post 36, Washington. of the 1964 Little World Series, with hits and one unearned run. John Rich- FLORIDA: Post 12, West Palm Beach. teams eliminated by two losses: GEORGIA: Post 20, Athens. ards hurled a fine game, too, for Char- HAWAII: Post 32, Aiea. lotte, yielding only one earned run. Each IDAHO: Post 13, Lewiston. First Round ILLINOIS: Post 56, Bloomington. pitcher fanned seven. Although Cali- INDIANA: Post 25, Princeton. Lewiston, Ida. (Post 13) 3 OWA: Post 138, Waterloo. fornia got eight hits, it needed Carolina Manchester, N.H. (Post 2) 0 KANSAS: Post 14, Lawrence. errors to score. Upland 3, Charlotte 1. KENTUCKY: Post 31, Paducah. LOUISIANA: Post 215, New Orleans. Bill Waterloo, la. 3 Game #8: Grogan, 15-year-old (Post 138) MAINE: Post 5, Waterville. Lewiston pitcher, gave hurler Rich Folk- New Orleans, La. (Post 215) 2 MARYLAND: Post 70, Easton. MASSACHUSETTS: Post 293, East Longmeadow. ers his first Legion career defeat, shutting Charlotte, N.C. (Post 9) 8 MICHIGAN: Post 187, Detroit. out Waterloo, 2-0, with two hits, walk- MINNESOTA: Post 403, Minneapolis. Staten Island, N.Y. (Post 1367) 1 MISSISSIPPI: Post 112, Jackson. ing none, and fanning nine. Folkers MISSOURI: Post 153, Poplar Bluff. MONTANA: Post 4, Billings. struck out 14. Dropped fly balls and a Upland. Calif. (Post 73) 7 Detroit, Mich. (Post 187) 0 NEBRASKA: Post 53, Grand Island. scratch single gave Lewiston both runs. NEVADA: Post 16, Fallon. (All teams still in.) NEW HAMPSHIRE: Post 2, Manchester. 2. Game #9: Detroit 11, Waterloo NEW JERSEY: Post 72, Brooklawn. Seven Waterloo errors eased Detroit's NEW MEXICO: Post 28, Roswell. Second Round NEW YORK: Post 1367, Staten Island. way to 1 1 runs on eight hits, while Bob Post Charlotte. Detroit 3 NORTH CAROLINA: 9, Sobditch handcuffed the Iowa batsmen, NORTH DAKOTA: Post 40, Mandan. Staten Island 2 OHIO: Post 33, Steubenville. fanning eight. Peter Garbaty threw the OKLAHOMA: Post 58, Guthrie. last two innings for the winners. New Orleans 14 OREGON: Post 8, Klamath Falls. Manchester 4 PANAMA: Post 1, Balboa Heights. Game #10: Charlotte 6, New Or- RHODE ISLAND: Post 3, Woonsocket. SOUTH CAROLINA: Post 130, Cayce. leans 1. Garry Hill hurled his second Upland ... SOUTH DAKOTA: Post 24, Aberdeen. three-hit game of the finals and for the Charlotte TENNESSEE: Post 1, Memphis. TEXAS: Post 77, Houston. second time an unearned run deprived UTAH: 134, Clearfield. Lewiston 2 Post him of a shutout. New Orleans didn't VERMONT: Post 37, Bellows Falls. Waterloo 0 VIRGINIA: Post 310, Churchland. score until the ninth inning. WASHINGTON: Post 71, Richland. (Staten Island, N.Y., and Manchester. N.H., WEST VIRGINIA: Post 1, Wheeling. Game #11: Upland 5, Lewiston 0. eliminated; Upland, Calif., and Lewiston, WISCONSIN: Post 21, Kenosha. Steven Kokor, tabbed by Upland's coach Ida., undefeated; others one loss each.) WYOMING: Post 6, Cheyenne. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 33 NEWS.

time he had been hospitalized in the last two years. In 1961 the Legion had given York a $900 electric bed for his home. Legionnaire York was a corporal in Company G, 328th Infantry of the 82nd Division when he went into the record

book for his remarkable feat of Oct. 8, 1918, which won him the Medal of Honor. On that date in a legendary action during the battle for the Argonne Forest, York killed 25 German soldiers and cap- tured 132 others.

General John J. ( Black Jack) Pershing called him America's number one citizen-soldier of the war.

American Education Week The American Legion, for the 44th

year, is once again co-sponsoring Ameri- can Education Week, Nov. 8-14. This

year's theme is "Education Pays Divi- Nat'l Membership Hiatt at the microphone with Nat'l Membership Director Geile Chmn dends." seated on the dais. The huge billboard poster in the background is now available. Started in 1921 by The American Le- Roll Call 1965 tations and membership-attracting ma- gion and the National Education Asso- terials now becoming available from the ciation, American Education Week's Approximately 1 30 Legionnaires from Nat'l Membership division. is to interest the the continental United States, Alaska, purpose people in first with semi- Hawaii, and Puerto Rico, attended a two- Another connected the schools their children attend and for day National Membership Workshop nar was the presence of a team of man- which they, as parents and citizens, pay specialists the Graduate It known as Roll Call 1965 at Nat'l Hq in agement from taxes. seeks to call attention to the im- Indianapolis, Ind., Aug. 24-25. School of Business at Indiana University. portance of education in a democracy Authorization for the workshop grew This is the first time an academic group and to remind Americans that good schools are personal responsibility. out of a resolution adopted at the 1964 has been asked to appear before the a spring meeting of the Nat'l Executive Legion in such a capacity. The U.S. Office of Education and the Committee aimed at producing a co- Taking the theme "Planning As An National Congress of Parents and Teach- ordinated national membership plan for Essential Element Of Management," the ers also became co-sponsors of the event 1965 and succeeding years. management trio, Dr. Edward J. Kuntz, in 1922 and 1938, respectively. Williams, Professor The first such meeting ever held. Roll Dr. Edgar G. and Last year, 30 million Americans vis- Call 1965 brought together key member- Thomas R. Bossort, explained the terms ited classrooms and schools across the ship specialists from local and depart- management and administration and how nation during American Education mental levels to discuss the problems of the leadership of the Legion can best Week. These visits were sparked by com- membership and formulate methods to: use them. bined local committees of Legion posts Because the workshop was held well and other organizations. ( 1 ) increase the chartering of new posts; (2) beef up general membership; and (3) in advance of the membership year, it is Long association with American Edu- improve the image of The American hoped the increased coordination and cation Week is strong evidence that the Legion. spirit engendered by this meeting will Legion views its participation in it as a Headed by Nat'l Membership and give membership workers a head start vital phase of positive Americanism pro- Post Activities Committee Chmm Eu- on the perennial problem and that results grams which are so necessary to the youth. gene W. Hiatt (Kans.) and Nat'l Mem- produced will be equal to that increased training of American bership Director C. W. (Pat) Geile, the effort. This year, Veteran's Day will fall dur- busy two-day meeting generated a great ing the observances and Legion posts can deal of interest and enthusiasm as evi- Sgt. York Is Dead plan programs to promote large public denced by the exchange of facts, opin- Sgt. Alvin C. York, the unlettered visitations to school open houses. ions, and ideas between the local, de- peace-loving mountain man who came For a special packet containing mate- in partmental and national levels. out of the hills of Tennessee to blaze a rials to assist in program planning In addition to an outline of a recom- path of glory in the Argonne Forest your community, send $2.00 to Ameri- mended membership program by the during WW1 that would lead to the can Education Week, National Educa- National Membership and Post Activities Congressional Medal of Honor and a tion Association, 1201 16th St. N.W., staff, the workshop included presenta- lasting place in the hearts and minds of Washington, D.C. 20036. tions by several department representa- Americans, died September 2 at 76. tives as they described some of the major The incredible WW1 hero, a member Know Your America Week problems of their own enrollment efforts of Mark Twain Post 137 at Jamestown, Another week well worthy of the sup- and the methods used to overcome such Tenn., and bedridden for many years, port of Legionnaires is Know Your obstacles. passed away at Veterans Hospital in America Week, Nov. 22-28, an annual It also served to quickly introduce to Nashville, Tenn., 140 miles away from nationwide series of community pro-

key Legionnaires the latest slide presen- his home in Pall Mall. This was the 1 1th (Continued on page 37) 34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 USE THIS FORM TO CHANGE YOUR Gl INSURANCE BENEFICIARY

By special arrangement with the U.S. Veterans of the Veterans Administration that many veterans Administration you may use this page as an official have failed to keep their beneficiaries up to date. On form to request "Change of Beneficiary" for your their death the proceeds have gone to persons whom veterans' government life insurance. We publish this it is unlikely that the insureds wished to be their form as a public service because it is the experience beneficiaries at the time of their death. FOR INSTRUCTIONS SEE BACK SIDE OF THIS PAGE Form approved Budget Bureau No. 76-R127.5 DESIGNATION OF BENEFICIARY AND OPTIONAL SETTLEMENT GOVERNMENT LIFE INSURANCE

DO NOT WRITE IN THIS BLOCK.

REEL - DAY NO. - YR.

Q TYPE, OR PRINT WITH BALL POINT OR INDELIBLE PENCIL PRIOR REEL - DAY NO. - YR. NAME AND ADDRESS

JUL FILE NO. (Include letter prefix)

POLICY NO. (Include letter prefix)

SERVICE NO. Is this a change of address for insurance purposes? Q YES Q NO PRINCIPAL BENEFICIARY © © O NAME AND ADDRESS RELATIONSHIP SHARE TO EACH OPTION

@ CONTINGENT BENEFICIARY NAME AND ADDRESS

This cancels all previous principal and contingent beneficiary and option selections for the policy number shown in (B) and it is directed that the insurance be paid upon my death as specified above.

DATE SIGNED SIGNATURE OF INSURED (Do not print)

SIGNATURE OF WITNESS ADDRESS OF WITNESS DATE SIGNED

MAIL TO VA OFFICE WHERE YOUR INSURANCE RECORDS ARE KEPT. IT IS EITHER: (1) VA CENTER, P.O. BOX 8079, PHILADELPHIA, PA. 19101, OR (2) VA CENTER, FORT SNELLING, ST. PAUL, MINN. 55111. A COPY OF THIS DESIGNATION WILL BE SENT TO YOU FOR YOUR RECORDS INSTRUCTIONS FOR Gl INSURANCE FORM ON REVERSE OF THIS PAGE

The Records of the Veterans Administration show that a large Option 1 — In one sum (face amount less any indebtedness). number of veterans having government life insurance fail to This can only be selected by the insured. keep their beneficiary designations current. The Veterans Option 2 — In equal monthly installments, not less than Administration must pay the proceeds of the life insurance 36 nor more than 240, in multiples of 12, such as 36, to the designated beneficiary. Experience suggests that in many 48, 60, etc. cases the person designated is not the person the veteran wants If you enter "2" in Block F, you must also show the to get his insurance. number of months; such as "2-36," "2-48," "2-60," etc. If your beneficiary designation is not up to date, a con- Otherwise, payments will be made in 36 equal monthly venient form for your use is on the reverse of this page. If installments. your beneficiary designation already reflects your wishes, do Option 3 — In equal monthly payments for the lifetime of not fill out this form. All United States Government Life your first beneficiary. A total of 120 monthly payments Insurance (WW1) policyholders were sent a form by the is guaranteed even should your first beneficiary die Veterans Administration to fill out during 1961-1962 so most shortly after payments begin. of these policyholders designations should be current. Option 4 — In equal monthly payments for the lifetime of

Please read carefully the instructions for filling out the form. your first beneficiary. The face amount of the policy is It may be used for either United States Government Life guaranteed to be paid. Insurance or National Service Life Insurance. When com- IMPORTANT NOTES: Note I: Monthly payments under pleted, clip it out and mail it to the Veterans Administration Option 3 are slightly higher than under office where your insurance records are kept. Option 4- because the amount guaranteed to be paid under Option 3 is less BLOCK A — Show your first name, middle initial, last name than under Option 4. Note 2: If no option is selected by and your mailing address for insurance purposes. you, the insurance will be payable in 36 equal monthly BLOCK B — Complete all three spaces, showing your insur- installments, unless the beneficiary elects to receive settle- ance file number (it has an "F" in front of it); the policy ment under Option 2, 3 or 4. number on which you want the change made; and your service number (Army, Navy, etc.). A separate form must USGLI OPTIONS be filed for each policy on which you wish to make a change. The four options for USGLI (generally pre-WW2) are: — Additional forms may be obtained from any VA office, or Option 1 In one sum (face amount less any indebtedness). designations may be made on individual sheets of paper. This can only be selected by the insured. Option 2 — In equal monthly installments, not less than BLOCK C — Give the full name and address of each principal 36 or more than 240, in multiples of 12, such as 36, 48, beneficiary. You may name any person or persons, firm, 60, etc. If you enter "2" in Block F, you must also show corporation, or other legal entity, individually or as trustee. the number of months; such as "2-36," "2-48," "2-60," The date and terms of a trust agreement should not be etc. Otherwise, payments will be made in 240 equal entered since the VA's responsibility ends with payment to monthly installments. the beneficiary. If you name two persons as principal bene- Option 3 — In equal monthly payments for the lifetime of ficiaries, and you wish the surviving beneficiary to receive your first beneficiary. total of 240 monthly payments the share of any beneficiary who does not survive you, you A is guaranteed even should your first beneficiary die short- should add under the two names "or to the survivor." If you ly after payments begin. name more than two sharing beneficiaries, you should add Option 4 — In equal monthly payments for the lifetime of "or to the survivors or survivor." If a married woman is your first beneficiary. A total of 120 monthly payments named give her first and middle names and her husband's is guaranteed even first beneficiary last name. should your die shortly after payments begin. BLOCK D — Show the relationship of the beneficiary to you; such as, "wife," "son," "daughter," "father," "mother," IMPORTANT NOTES: Note 1: Monthly installments un- "aunt," "friend," etc. der Option 4 are slightly higher than under Option 3 be- BLOCK E — Insert the share to be paid to each beneficiary. cause the amount guaranteed to be paid under Option 4 is If only one beneficiary is named, show "ALL." If you name less than under Option 3. Note 2: If no option is selected more than one beneficiary, indicate in fractions how much by you, the insurance will be payable in 240 equal monthly you want each beneficiary to receive; such as, "V2 ," installments unless the beneficiary elects to receive settle- "3 A ," etc., otherwise the insurance will be divided in equal ment under Option 2, 3 or 4.

shares. Be sure that fractions add up to exactly 1. BLOCK G — Give the name and address of the person or BLOCK F — Read carefully the information given below. persons you want to receive the insurance should none of It explains the four settlement options. You may select a your principal beneficiaries survive you. Follow instruc- different option for each beneficiary if you wish. Decide tions for blocks C, D, E and F above. which one (s) you want and enter number "1," "2," "3," or H — Fill in the date, and sign your first name, middle "4," in this space. Options 3 and 4 may not be selected if BLOCK and last name. (DO PRINT). the beneficiary is a firm, corporation or legal entity (includ- NOT ing your estate), or trustee. BLOCK I — Have your signature witnessed by someone other NSLI OPTIONS than a designated beneficiary. The witness should sign his

The four options for NSLI (generally WW2 and since) are: name, give his address and fill in the date.

NSLI is National Service Life Insurance, based on service after Oct. 8, 1940. USGLI is U.S. Government Life Insurance, based on service before Oct. 8, 1940. PLEASE CUT THIS FORM CLEANLY ON DOTTED LINE OF REVERSE SIDE. grams which aid in strengthening the Veterans Administration Voluntary spirit of freedom and combating com- Services at Bay Pines Hospital in Florida munism. he was wheeling veterans around the

It is sponsored by The All-American grounds one day when he saw a patient Conference to Combat Communism, an exclaiming over an instant-picture. affiliation of more than 50 national or- Seizing upon the idea of taking pic- ganizations formed in 1950 to unite in tures-in-a-minute of hospitalized veter- one All-American organization the many ans to give to their families and friends, groups desiring to coordinate their na- he cleared the project through official tional activities toward fostering Ameri- channels and started work. canism and combating communism. The To date he has taken and presented to The USS Alabama in better days. Legion is a member organization. veterans almost 3,000 pictures at an an- For information, write to The All- bama Memorial Park in Mobile Bay. nual cost to himself of about $300. American Conference to Combat Com- To do the work the USS Alabama The amount is deductible from his in- munism, 514 La Salle Bldg., Washing- Battleship Commission was created by come tax, but to Brown that's unimport- ton, D.C. 20036. the Alabama Legislature and contribu- ant. Claims he, "This is the most re- tions are being solicited throughout the warding thing I ever did. Nobody ap- Legionnaire Legislators state by all interested organizations. preciates a picture more than these fellows. Some of them have no family There's a 60 per cent chance that The commission will dedicate a room the and others have relatives who are far you'll be writing to a fellow Legionnaire to be known as 'Alabama American Legion Auxiliary and the away. No one ever comes to see them." when you write your next letter urging a and Room" Legionnaire J. Earle Brown did. Congressman to vote for or against a names of Legionnaires who served on the Alabama will be placed on a scroll particular bill. to be mounted in that room. If you Oratorical Champion Out o v. the 535 members composing served on her, send your name to the both Houses of the 88th Congress, 319 Seventeen-year-old David Bruce Legion Dept Hq at Montgomery, Ala. Marth, The American Legion's 1964 are eligible to hold membership in The American Legion. Of the 100 Senators, National High School Oratorical Cham- Instant Picture Therapy pion holds the distinction of being the 65 are eligible and 63 are members. In Legionnaire J. Earle of St. individual to address both the re- the House, 278 out of 435 are eligible Brown only and of them 256 are Legionnaires. Petersburg, Fla., a member of Post 60, cent Republican and Democratic Na- Laurel, Md., discovered that Legion- tional Conventions. On the President's cabinet of 14, 12 naires retire to Florida don't neces- spoke at each conclave on opening are eligible, and 8 are Legion members. who He sarily have to fade away. also interviewed nation- They are: Secretary of State Dean Rusk, day and was by Secretary of Army Cyrus R. Vance, Sec- As a 1,000-hour volunteer with the wide press, television, and radio. retary of Commerce Luther Hodges, Sec- retary of Agriculture Orville Freeman, Secretary of Interior Stewart Udall, Sec- retary of Health, Education and Welfare Anthony Celebrezze, Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, and United Nations Representative Adlai Stevenson. The entire nine-man U.S. Supreme Court is eligible and four of the justices hold membership in the Legion. They are: Chief Justice Earl Warren, and As- sociate Justices Hugo Black, Tom C. Clark, and Arthur Goldberg. President Lyndon B. Johnson holds membership in Memorial Highway Post 352, Blanco, Tex. Of the governors of the 50 states, 29 wear the Legion button.

The USS Alabama The 230 Legion posts and 127 Auxil- iary units of The American Legion, Dept of Alabama, along with other civic groups of that state, are engaged in a massive campaign to raise $1 million to save the battleship USS Alabama from being turned into scrap metal. The smiling happy people waving American flags are new citizens. About 75 were naturalized recently in the House of Representatives of Congress Hall at hstioric They wish to acquire the ship, now Independence Square in Phila., Pa., under the sponsorship of the Philadelphia County awaiting the metal cutter's torch at Council of The American Legion. President George Washington took his second oath of Seattle, Wash., tow it southward about office in the room above. The ceremonies were conducted by Federal Judge Alfred L. 5,600 miles through the Panama Canal Luongo. Philadelphia Mayor James H. J. Tate addressed the group and the principal speaker was William M. Lennox, Naturalization Chmn, Philadelphia County Council, and to Mobile, Ala., and then exhibit it as also High Sheriff of that city. The new citizens were given a banquet and presented the focal point of a permanent USS A la- with American flags, copies of Lincoln's Gettysburg Address and the U.S. Flag Code. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 37 NEWS

BRIEFLY NOTED placards include the Pledge of Alle- sents the outstanding achievements of Gov. Mark Hatfield of Oregon gave his giance. Distribution was by Legion posts. the Armed Forces and our Allies in fac- verbal blessing to the American Legion's The program was started through the ening up to communist aggression in 1963 Dep't of Oregon convention resolution, couragement of Col. John H. Shenklc, and maintaining our military superiority aimed at curbing communist speakers in of Pittsburgh, advisory Americanism in 1964 to meet global and local chal- tax supported institutions, to the State chairman of the Legion in Pennsylvania. lenges by foes of liberty. Secretary of The Bank, which financed the operation, Legislature. He stated, however, that his Defense Robert S. McNamara intro- was given a Legion Dep't award "for office lacked the authority to intervene duces his Report and is shown on mis- outstanding service." in the functions of these institutions, community sions in Europe and Asia. President said The Oregon Legionnaire. The par- Johnson, as Commander-in-Chief, out- ticular man the Governor had in mind Connecticut's teams in American Legion lines America's military policy and goals was Gus Hall, general secretary of the Baseball have doubled in the past four in his first Message to Congress. For ad- Communist Party of America, who was years—from 24 to 47. Much of the dress of Army Audio-Visual Communi- welcomed by the Univ. of Oregon and zooming interest can be credited to the cation Center nearest you, write to U.S. Reed College, but rebuffed by President efforts of Legion Dep't Baseball Director Department of Defense, The Pentagon, James H. Jensen at Oregon State Univ. Sam Gorman, who, among other activi- Washington, D.C. ties, promotes a yearly dinner for sports writers in Hartford, in conjunction with New Mexico Legionnaires warmly wel- The Veterans Administration urges the Legion State Convention. This keeps comed the election of Joe E. Staley, of everyone who writes to it to be sure to the press, public, and Legionnaires all Santa Fe, as their new Dep't Cmdr. A include the veteran's claim number and informed. In the '50's, teams were leav- few years ago he underwent a laryngec- insurance number. Names are not ing the program. Now, towns are clamor- tomy for cancer of the throat. has re- enough practically every name among He ing to get in. Gorman sees a possible 55 — the 30 million on file is duplicated, some educated himself to speak mechanically. teams for 1965. Ironically, both before and after being of the common ones hundreds of thou- afflicted with the throat cancer, Cmdr sands of times. The VA gets more than Pioneer Staley served as Dep't Oratorical Con- The Baseball League for boys 150 million pieces of mail a year. 15 to 17 years of formed test Chairman. of age has been in Miami, Fla., to offer steady play for Post boys who can't be sure of playing regu- Fred Stift, Jr., formerly a 16, Calif., baseball player, South Dakota Representatives Ben Reifel larly on Legion teams. Charlie Skalaski, Stockton, Legion hitter San and E. Y. Berry have protested reported Coral Gables detective and director of and more recently a .383 for plans to reduce the number of beds at the South Miami Recreation Dep't, con- Joaquin Delta College, is now the prop- Dodgers. the Fort Meade VA Hospital from 720 ceived the idea. Players from the new erty of the Los Angeles to 464 by December of 1965. Their pro- league can be brought up to a Legion test is based partly on the ground that the team with the coach's and the player's PEOPLE IN THE NEWS average daily patient load has been over consent. Once brought up, the player Maurice E. Dnihl, of Portland, Oreg., 600 in all except two months since De- cannot be sent down. Dep't Adjutant, promoted to colonel in cember 1962. the U.S. Air Force Reserve. He is the Air Force Academy liaison officer co- The Staten Island Ferry, "The World's ordinator of Oregon. The FBI Nat'l Academy Firearms Pro- Most Famous Ferry," is getting a new ficiency Award, donated by The Ameri- boat, named the "American Legion," to can Legion, was recently presented by help transport passengers across the five- David V. Addy, of Detroit, chairman of FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover to Sheriff mile strip of Upper Bay of New York the Legion's Nat'l Child Welfare Com- William N. Baker, Lemhi County, Sal- Harbor from Manhattan Island to resi- mission, retired as City Auditor General mon, Idaho. Sheriff Baker was a mem- of Detroit, after 50. years of service to ber of the 73rd session of the FBI Nat'l that city. Academy.

As a result of a petition by the American William Grund, of Union City, N.J., Rehabilita- Legion, officials of the Howard Johnson member of the Legion's Nat'l Serv- restaurant chain have agreed to have flag tion Commission and former Dep't Jersey (1943-1961). poles erected at all facilities it owns on ice Officer, New the Massachusetts Turnpike. A motorist noticed omission of flag and the poles dential Staten Island. Built by Levingston John Paul Ragsdale, of Indianapolis, called it to the attention of the Legion's Shipbuilding Co.. Orange, Texas, the Ind., founder of the first Sons of The Dep't of Massachusetts. Howard John- vessel, shown here at the recent launch- American Legion Squadron (June 1933). son has eight restaurants on the East- ing, will be 294 feet long and 69 feet, West highway. wide. Total passenger capacity will be NEW POSTS about 3,500 persons. The Main Deck will The American Legion has recently char- have three vehicle lanes, with total ca- Mitchell- Through the efforts of the Pittsburgh tered the following new posts: pacity of about 50 cars. Nat'l Bank and the American Legion, Brooks Post 1090, Edwardsville, 111.; about 35,000 copies of an up-to-date Monterey Cypress Post 694. Marina, 366, Destrehan, Flag Code were placed in school class- Available now is the superb 16mm, 30- Calif.; River Road Post Edward M. Page Post 498. rooms in a four-county area of south- minute color film, the 1 964 Defense Film La.; and western Pennsylvania. The Flag Code Report, " Partners in Freedom!" It pre- Gary, Ind.

33 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • C "OBER 1964 —

.NEWS

Legion Tennis and roots for his favorites. His father, Chris said that without the speed with John, is always with him to describe the which artificial respiration was started, The second annual Dep't of Kansas plays, for Jackie has been blind all his the child would never have regained con- Legion junior tennis tournament was life. sciousness. Chris was released from the held recently and produced champions hospital in a week in good shape. in four age groups—boys age 14 and under and 16 and under, and girls 14 and Post 12, Somerville, N.J., awarded Doc- under and 1 8 and under. Play took place tor and Mrs. Archie Bell, of Somerville, at the Wilson Park Courts, Arkansas an American Legion Bronze Plaque, in City, Kansas. recognition of their humanitarian service in the adoption of three Korean or- Boys and girls who hold Missouri Val- phans, to add to their own family of five ley ranking in the first 20 in their age di- youngsters. The Post also gave a present visions were not eligible to enter these to each of the eight children in the Bell competitions. "This," said Cecil A. household. Nolen, the tournament director, "creates more incentive for the beginners to play. A lot of enthusiasm is shown by the In its 15th annual Disabled Veterans youngsters who have not had a chance Outing, Post 98, Rockport, Mass., gave to win any tournament. I have found that more than 100 patients from three vet- the youngsters have enjoyed this tourna- erans hospitals a full day of feasting, ment more than any other. Also, the topped by a clambake. In addition, the local Legion post gave a free hamburger townspeople donated over 100 home- Here's the new ambulance that Post 165, fry for all participants, and this was a made cakes to the vets. Bayonne, N. J., recently put into service. big item." Post 142, Pompano Beach, Fla., won the Consolation competition, for first Legionnaires and Auxiliares of Post 201, trophy given by. the Department of round losers, was held in each event. Cedar Vale, Kansas, teamed up with Florida to "the best all-around post in Trophies and medals were given to round-the-clock, three- and four-hour the state," a new award. Post Cmdr first, second, third, and fourth in each di- shifts for six days at the hospital bedside Frederick Underwood says the award vision, in both winner and consolation of Legionnaire Jay Tobias, helping to was based on activities in all areas brackets. Competitors were housed at care for him after he had undergone sur- youth work, hospital visitations, partici- the Osage Hotel in Arkansas City. Co- gery. Said Mrs. Tobias: "This service was pation in the national convention parade directors of the tournament were Bob greatly appreciated and will long be re- and membership. Post 142 has 1,024 Kubat, Kansas' Nat'l Executive Commit- membered." members and is Florida's fourth largest. teeman, and Ed Gilliland.

All four of the boys finalists reside in Post 324, Fords, N.J., gave an American Post lg3 Parkville5 Md in reaching an Winfield, Kansas. In the Boys 16 and ? Leglon Medal of Heroism to 1 3-year-old al ,_time hJgh of j 9g2 members this year under event, the winner was Steve Snod- August Zullo. who this summer saved , assed last yeai s total of 1>676 earIy grass by 6-4 6-3 over Steve Goggans. the life of a three-year-old neighbor, in th h the efforts of Bergdall the 14 over the ks Randy won Boys Christian McAvoy, who had fallen into mittee, by 6-1 6-4. Parks de- membership com headed Mike Dobson, Pam a back yard pool. August removed the This the consecu . Sparks* of Arkansas George Smkh h nth feated Terry both unconscious child from ten feet of water fivfi y£ar {hat the pQSt has shf)wn an jn _ City, 6-1 6-4 in the Girls 18 final. And and immediately started mouth-to- Terry Sparks her own age group's creas£ Qver the previous year It started won mouth resuscitation. Members of the 1945 with a membership of 42 , and title, triumphing 6-4 6-3 in the Girls 14 ^ first aid squad called to the scene and has ecli its previous year's total in over Julie Hauber, of Winfield. All four d police on duty commended the quick ac- aU bu{ three of the champions their titles without won tion of August. The physician attending dropping or deucing a set. ™ *~ "™ The event was sponsored by the Ar- ™ " Post 581, Bowerston, Ohio, used its re- kansas City Lawn Tennis Association American Legion Life Insurance cent annual summer festival to get funds and sanctioned by the Missouri Valley Month ending August 20, 1964 to send several boys and girls to state Cam S neXt ear t0 Promote Little Tennis Association and the United States Benefits paid Jan. 1-August 20 $ 431,160 P y - Lawn Tennis Association. Benefits paid since Apr. 1958 1,866,921 League baseball, and to payr for a new Insurance in force (dollars) 249,106,090 , , , in force (number) 109,004 addition to the post home. Post Winfield, sponsored the en- Basic units 32, New applications since Jan. 1 11,597 tries of Snodgrass, Bergdall, Dobson, New applications rejected 1,245 American Legion Life Insurance is an official — , j i 1 t. 4 » ti.. \i c „ Goggans, and Miss Hauber. Post 18, Ar- program of The American Legion, adopted by Three thousand tickets to the New Eng- the Nari Executive Committee, 1958. it is City, i and Regional American Legion Baseball kansas sponsored Terry Sparks and reducing term insurance, issued on application, ° ° Pam Parks. subject to approval based on health and em- play-offs hosted by Post 2, Manchester, statement to paid up members of ployment „ n ,. r(,i,„ sp j hv Arrh.nr nnH The American Legion. Death benefits range iN.M., Were purcnased Dy AXtnur anU POSTS IN ACTION from $8,000 (double unit up to age 35) in re- j ames Ferretti, owners of the J. Ferretti ducing steps with age to termination ot in- . . When Post 2, Manchester, N.H., pre- surance at end of year in which 70th birthday Markets in Manchester. Of this number occurs. Available in single and double units at , I nnn ,„_„ Children^hilHrpn'sS admissions.aHmis«inn« AC-Ar pared to stage the New England Re- flat rate of $12 or $24 a year on a calendar -UUU were year basis, pro-rated during first year at $1 gional baseball playoffs, it named 15- cording to Post 2's Ray' Valliere, the Re- or $2 a month for insurance approved after . ° year-old Jackie Thornton as honorary Jan. i. Underwritten by two commercial life gional Tournament Director, the ber- insurance companies. American Legion insur- • i ~ t IS th nro er Single<;j no lp mntrihn chairman. Jackie follows both Legion ance trust fund managed by trustee operating rettl gesture tne largest COntHDU- under laws of Missouri. No other insurance may in and major league baseball avidly. When jion by anyJ individual Concern the use the full words "American Legion." Ad- , : . . _ . Post 2's team plays, Jackie never misses ministered by The American Legion Insurance long history Of American Legion Base- Department, P.O. Box 5609, Chicago, 111. 60680, . .i 0311 tournamentstr.iirnnmpnt« in iviancnesier.Manrhp«tpr a game. He sits behind that team's bench to which write for more details. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 39 : —

NEWS

33rd Div Post 240, Martin, S. Dak., has given its (California Chapter)— (Nov.) Leonard Francis J. Roche and Richard M. Russell and Bamish, 1123 S. Gabriel Blvd.. San San Ga- S. S. Samolis and Joseph H. C. Sampson (all second annual scholarships of $1,000 briel, Calif. 1961) , Post 27, Cambridge, Mass. 39th Rwy Eng (WW1)— (Oct.) Milton R. Parish, each to a boy and a girl of Bennett Stephen A. Koegh and Charles J. Kilpatrick 11630 Oakley Ave., Chicago, 111. 60643 and Harold R. Knceland and Frank L. Kretsch- 58th Coast Art'y Corps, Bat F— (Oct.) Bernard County H.S. This post, with 333 mem- mcr (all 1963), Post 28, Northampton, Mass. B. Norton, 12 Seabright Ave., Baltimore, Md. bers, last year spent $17,000 on post ac- 21222 J. Leo Sullivan (1963), Post 153, Peabody, Mass. 6fith Field Art'y Brigade (WW1)— (Nov.) Rich- tivities, which included a rodeo, a pheas- ard Martin, 12105 S.W. 72nd Ave.. Portland, Frederick VV. Reynolds and A. T. Rounsevell and John Silvia, ant hunt, and a home and clothing for a Oreg. 97223 Sr. (all 1964), Post 166, Fair- 77th Div— (Nov.) Wm. Knipe, 77th Div Assn., haven, Mass. family hit by a tornado, and got six 28 E. 39th St., New York, N. Y. 10016 Myles Brown and Howard W. Griffith (both 80th Field Art'y, 1964), Post 220, Wareham, awards from various groups. Bat D (WW1)— (Nov.) Frank Mass. Werner, 3525 Alton PI. N.W., Washington, Harry McCoy and Harry P. Masterson and DC. Edward H. Stickney (all 1962), Post 274, Os- 90th Div— (Nov.) C. D. Steel, 4255 E. 62nd St., coda, Mich. City, The Legion ambulance of Post 278, Net- Kansas Mo. Albert E. Nordstrom (1964), Post 167. Will- 91st Div (WW1 & 2)— (Oct. & Dec.) Joe Pirrone, mar, Minn. cong, N.J., had been averaging about 4506 W. 59th PI., Los Angeles, Calif. Albert B. Buhse and Richard F. Cogswell 99th Inf Bn— (Nov.) Paul C. one call a day, recently, but none was Haeen, 114 23rd (both 1964), Post 440, Minneapolis, Minn. Ave. N., Fargo, N. D. terrifying 107th Ambulance Wayne E. Lyberger (1963), Post 575, Livonia, as as the frantic call to aid a Co (WW1)— (Nov.) William Mo. Rich. 200 Cranford PI., Teaneck, N. J. fisherman and a rookie State Trooper 108th Inf, Hq Co (WWl)-(Nov.) R. Bruce Haney Lloyd Chattin and Jack G. Jernee and Bud Shiding and Roger Williams (all 1964), who had been fired on by a sniper. The Kideney. 121 Chateau Terr., Snyder 26, N. Y. 113th Sanitary Train (WW1)— (Nov.) Wm. Ken- Post 137, Ocean City, N.J. squad of nine Legionnaires crawled drick. 619 S. 4th St., Louisville, Ky. 40202 Franklin R. Sickle (1964), Post 164, Hacketts- 116th Field Sig Bn (WWl)-(Dec.) Wm. G. town, N.J. about 100 yards to reach the trooper and. Clark, 6210 E. Greenlake Way N., Seattle, William Brundt and John Dorn and John F. under protective fire from State Police, Wash. 98103 Plummer (all 1963), Post 171, Fair Lawn, N.J. 118th Inf, Co I (WW1)— (Oct.) Harvey L. Bur- Robert E. Godbold and Charles S. Moris zigzagged their way back to safety, nette, P.O. Box 222. Cheraw, S. C. 29520 (both 1964), Post 346, Neptune, N.J. 135th Ambulance Co (WW1)— (Oct.) Norman F. Harry Zimmerman and Howard Zimmerman ducking four shots from the sniper. Gludt, 483 Marshall Ave., St. Paul, Minn. (both 1964), Post 176, New Paltz, N.Y. Troopers eventually closed in on the 55102 Warren I. Hughes and Albert C. Robillard I35th Field Art'y, Bat D (WW1)— (Dec.) Joe (both 1964), Post 203, Beacon, N.Y. sniper, disarmed him, and took him to Magri, 1403 Richmond Rd., Cleveland, Ohio. Dr. Edmund P. Fowler (1964), Post 818, New 44124 York, N.Y. State Hospital. Trenton 143rd Inf, Co C (WW1)— (Nov.) M. P. Stewart, George O. Pritting (1964), Post 911, Cato, N.Y. 1475 Cartwrisht, Beaumont, Tex. 77701 Frank Dolan and Louis Dorfman and Otto E. 314th Eng (WWD— (Nov.) William S. Freise, Spangenberg (all 1964), Post 1179, New York, 3444 Crittenden St.. St. Louis, Mo. 63118 N.Y. OUTFIT REUNIONS 319th Eng (WWD— (Oct.) Ken Thomson, 648 Alvin McKaig and William W. Ribbecke and Santa Cruz Ave.. Menlo Park, Calif. Ryan H. Wiseman (all 1964), Post 1308, Pine Reunion will be held in month indicated. For 332nd Eng Reg't (WW2)— (Nov.) John A. Serb, Bush, N.Y. particulars, write person whose address is Jr., 19440 Braile. Detroit, Mich. 48219 Charles DiPiazza and Oral F. Gaylord and given. 347th Ambulance Co— (Oct.) William M. Bau- Lawrence F. Kelly (all 1964), Post 1640, North Notices accepted on official form only. For man, 2613 Washburn, Topeka, Kans. Collins, N.Y. form send stamped, addressed return envelope 357th Inf, Supply Co (WW1)— (Oct.) Sidney F. Fred W. Thacker (1956) and Thurman H. Mc- to O. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, Dafforn, 4920 Rock Creek Ln, Mission, Kans. Kenney and Dennis J. Malloy (both 1959), Post 720 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. Notices 551st AAA AW Bn— (Oct.) George Semmens, 162. Marion. Ohio. should be received at least four months before Jr., 34 Chestnut Dr., Rochester, N. Y. 14624 Clarence W. Bliss and Yaro H. Votypka (both reunion. letter scheduled No written necessary 724th T.R.O.B. (Korea)— ( Oct. ) Herb Hess, 869 1964), Post 343, Euclid, Ohio. to get form. Edgehill Rd., Glenside, Pa. 19038 James J. Hanket (1964), Post 505, Cleveland, Earliest submission favored when volume of 816th Eng Aviation Bn— (Oct.) George W. Vine, Ohio. requests is too great to print all. 93 Waterman Ave., Albany, N. Y. 12205 Orville L. Garrett (1964), Post 532, Columbus, Ohio. ARMY NAVY Thomas Jones, Sr. (1964), Post 100, Wynd- moor, Pa. 1st Air Service Reg't, 6 Mechanics Co (AEF) Grosse He NAS, Ash & Newport Fields— (Nov.) John H. Ertwine and Amos Shoup and George (Oct.) Edward Lord. 11 Otis St., Everett, Edward E. Golden, 14861 Russell St., Allen R. Moser and Wm. C. Lindenmuth (all 1964), Mass. 02149 Park, Mich. 48101 Post 289, Ringtown, Pa. 2nd Div (Florida Branch)— (Nov.) W. S. Bell, USS Briareus (AR-12, WW2)— (Oct.) Robert H. James W. Powell (1964), Post 30, Dyersburg, P.O. Box 826, Cocoa, Fla. Amos, 27 Winthrop Rd., Somerset, N. J. Tenn. Sth Div (WW1)— (Nov.) Henry M. Buckley, USS Saratoga (CV3)— (Oct. ) John B. Buerkens, James S. Beeler and Raleigh B. Davison and 510 Bryant St., San Francisco 7, Calif. 15621 Beach Blvd. No. 29, Westminster, Calif. H. Howard Ellifrits and Mackall B. Keller (all 11th Eng (WW1)— (Nov.) Joseph V. Bovle, 326 92683 1962) , Post 77. Strasburg, Va. St.. J. 07302 York Jersey City, N. USS Shubrick (DD639)— (Oct.) Robert J. Au- Arlindo Arrighi and C. A. Hood and William 12th Army (Oct.) Bertram Kalisch, Rt. 2, Gp— born, 678 North St., Cleveland, N. Y. 13042 D. Mizell and William N. Perkinson (all 1964), Box 103, Brandywine, Md. 20613 Post 141, Richmond, Va. AIR Joseph B. Lum (1964), Post 28, Ephrata, Wash. Carl Jones (1964), Post 74, Omak, Wash. THE AMERICAN LEGION 19th Anti-Subniarine Sqdn— (Oct.) C. P. Witek, F. M. Stull (1964), Post 194, Wiley City, Wash. NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS 6338 N. Le Mai Ave.. Chicago, 111. 60646 Herman Teuteberg (1964), Post 71, Pewaukee, JULY 31, 1964 89th Aero Sqdn— (Oct.) Walter H. Burns, 229 General Patch N.E.. Albuquerque, N. Mex. Wis. ASSETS publica- 367th Fighter Gp, 392nd, 393rd, 394th Fighter Life Memberships are accepted for Cash on hand and on deposit $1,790,142.59 tion only on an official form, which we provide. Sqdns— (Nov.) Harold Chait, 356 Auburn St., Receivable 193,588.13 Whitman, Mass. Reports received only from Commander, Ad- Inventories 419,978.35 jutant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded Invested Funds H6fi.69S.82 the life membership. Trust Funds: They may get form by sending stamped, self- Overseas Graves Decoration addressed return envelope to: Trust Funds 280,542.77 LIFE MEMBERSHIPS "L.M. Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 Employees Retirement 5th Ave., New York, N. Y." 10019. Trust Fund 3.485.774.39 3,766,317.16 The award of a life membership to a Legion- On a corner of the return envelope write the Real Estate 814,228.39 naire by his Post is a testimonial by those who number of names you wish to report. No written Furniture & Fixtures, Less Depreciation 229,630.44 know him best that he has served The Ameri- letter necessary to get form. Deferred Charges 84,280.88 can Legion well. Below are listed of the $8,164,861.76 some previously unpublished life membership Post awards that LIABILITIES. DEFERRED REVENUE have been reported to the editors. They are AND NET WORTH arranged by States or Departments. COMRADE IN DISTRESS Current Liabilities $ 406,819.61 Mort Brayer and Jack Choisser and Douglas Funds Restricted as lo use 21,990.51 H. Clark (all 1963), Post 1, Phoenix, Ariz. help this comrade are Deferred Income 1,374,082.95 Ray Ballman (1964), Post 455, Costa Mesa, Readers who can Trust Funds Calif. urged to do so. at the request of The Ameri- Overseas Graves Decoration Edward F. Skelley (1963), Post 66, DeKalb, Notices are run Rehabilitation Commission. Trust Funds 280,542.77 111. can Legion Nat'l sources. Employees Retirement Everett R. Peters and Gardner Terry and They are not accepted from other Legion help with claims Trust Fund 3,485,774.39 3,766,317.16 C. R. Test (all 1964), Post 634, St. Joseph, 111. Readers wanting Clarence should contact their local service officers. Net Worth: Chamberlain (1930) and Hugo Sag- gau (1956) and Jess Shives (1958) Alfred Service officers unable to locate needed Reserve Fund 24,185.11 and Bowen (1961), Post 8, Denison, Iowr. witnesses for claims development should refer Restricted Fund 23.499.13 Jordan Leon C. Thorp Clif- the matter to the Nat'l Rehabilitation Commis- Real Estate 814,228.39 John W. and and ford Win' ler (all 1964), Post 128, Sidney, Iowa. sion through normal channels, for further Reserve for Rehabilitation 578,607.84 Willie D. Rogers (1963), Post 146, Stuart, search before referral to this column. Reserve for Child Welfare 101,424.08 Iowa. Miguel A. Soto-Puig, a lieutenant in the 760th Reserve for Convention .... 60,000.00 Rufus A. Nash (1963), Post 354, Gibson, La. MP Bn, Panama Canal Zone, is sought to give 1 .601,944.55 Harry Foster and C'iTord Noyes and Reno information which may assist a claim for Unrestricted Capital 993.706.98 2,595,651.53 Noyes (all 1961), Post 117, Wilton, Maine. service-connected illness by Thomas Scott. 38.164,861.76 Nicholas P. Ru^so and Frank P. Vigon (both Contact: J. E. Dupont, Jr., Iberville Parish 1964), Post 22, Whitman, Mass. Service Officer, P.O. Box 181, Plaquemine, La. 40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 THE UN AND THE AMERICANS A New FREE BOOK for (Continued from page 8) reputation as their hospitable host. It is U.S. Mission has issued special sales tax run from Mayor Wagner's office through exemption certificates for them, which MEN PAST40 the U.S. Mission to the UN and is man- the bigger department stores have aged by Eleanor Clark French and dep- learned to honor. Troubled With Getting Up Nights, both unpaid volun- liv- uty Ellen Rosen— The prohibitive cost of luxurious Pains in Back, Hips, Legs, teers. Their five-member staff, supported ing in Manhattan is a shock to all who Nervousness, Tiredness. by dozens of eager Welcome Wagon remember that in 1626 the Dutch bought This New Free Book points out that if ladies with international aspirations if the island from the Indians for $24. Now you are a victim of the above symptoms, not experience, has done a Herculean when a UN newcomer hits town, Mayor the trouble may be traceable to Glandu- job in educating some New Yorkers in Wagner sends him a welcoming booklet lar Inflammation ... a condition that very commonly occurs in men of middle tact and public relations. It also drops a cautioning that in 1964 car insurance age or past and is often accompanied by few subtle hints to UN diplomats on alone will cost him $500. despondency, emotional upset and other some of the City's more awkward cus- UN diplomats also learn from the mental and nervous reactions. observed toms and laws expected to be booklet that with the mandatory excep- The book explains that, although by foreign guests. tion of immigration and customs offi- many people mistakenly think surgery is the only to Glandular Inflam- Although New York's roots are deep cials, almost everybody, from hat-check answer mation, there is now a non-surgical almost every nation of the world, easy girls cabbies, expects a generous tip. in to treatment available. relations with UN people have not al- Although the UN has its own Inter- ways come as a matter of course to its national School in New York, about 400 NONSURGICAL TREATMENTS citizens. Free-wheeling, matter-of-fact UN children attend City schools and like New Yorkers don't always hit it off on them. Many get scholarships; a few This New Free Illustrated Book tells about modern, mild, Non-Surgical the first try with the political, cultural dozen went to American summer camps. the treatment for Glandular Inflammation and racial mixture of over 3,000 UN dip- There are very few UN delegations and that the treatment is backed by a lomats and their families, coming from which don't call on the City's UN Com- Lifetime Certificate of Assurance. Many the For one thing, from all over the country have 111 corners of world. mission for help and advice. Cuba is the men taken the NON-SURGICAL treatment many of the latter have widely different only country the State Department wants and have reported it has proven effec- customs requirements. Others have and excluded from this service. The Castro- tive. a totally different understanding of the ites, in turn, have asked for no favors. The Non-Surgical treatment described therein lie of the tougher law, and some Rubbing shoulders with UN diplomats in this book requires no painful surgery, problems. Like diplomats anywhere in has become a favorite social pastime with hospitalization, anesthesia or long- period of convalescence. Treatment the world, the UN delegates are com- some New York sophisticates. The con- takes but a short time and the cost is pletely immune to legal process. They sensus is that it is easier in New York reasonable. cannot be sued. than in Washington. Many New Yorkers In practice, this means that many land- who will never make the social register REDUCIBLE HEMORRHOIDS lords flatly refuse to rent to them, out of have gained access to high diplomatic so- HERNIA fear, if not experience, that they cannot ciety through political or racial affinity, Non-Surgical treatment f or both Reducible Hernia collect or sue for damages if a foreign or just through a chance business con- and Hemorrhoids, the be ok explains, can usually be taken at the same time as treatment for diplomat decides simply to break the tact. Glandular Inflammation. lease and move out. Some apartment Both sides seem to benefit by discover- houses on Manhattan's fashionable up- ing unsuspected human similarities and per East Side demand and get up to six learning of the importance of relative months rent security. The noise and trivialities. Being prompt, except at cock- FREE/UEW ruckus of big UN diplomatic cocktail tail parties, is regarded as "very impor- parties are a frequent cause of complaint tant," diplomats are told. You never ILLUSTRATED BOOK from the less socially exposed American bring flowers to Indonesians unless This New Free Book is neighbors. Landlords find that persuasion there's a death in the family, New York- fully illustrated and is the only recourse for quieting the dip- ers learn. deals with diseases lomats or their fellow tenants. peculiar to men. Tak- Not long ago, a group of diplomats' ing a few minutes wives decided to inspect New York's right now to fill out the coupon below, may few years back, there were re- House of Detention for Women. There enable you to better •GHZ* enjoy the future years peated incidents in some restaurants was a last-minute transportation foul-up, Of A of your life and prove over refusal to serve Afro-Asian dele- so City Commissioner Anna Kross sent DISEASES to be one of the best investments you ever gates, but little of such discrimination is a couple of Black Marias (police paddy made. reported now. In turn, UN diplomats wagons) —and the distinguished foreign now pay more attention to parking regu- ladies took the ride in good grace. Once EXCELSIOR FILL OUT THIS lations. In 1962, the police reported 468 at a Harlem night court, a Soviet official MEDICAL CLINIC COUPON TODAY parking violations by UN diplomats in asked if U.S. courts were segregated. He Dept. Ml 150 one week. The number has since dropped was told that if he waited a bit longer a Excelsior Springs, Mo. to a few dozen. Perennial culprits are re- white offender was likely to document Centlemen: Kindly send me at once, your ported to their Ambassadors. When such New FREE Book. I am interested in full in- the courts' integration. One UN member formation (Please Check Box) pleas fail, which has happened in only a learned some American "not-know- Hernia Hemorrhoids Clandular Inflammation few instances, the guilty diplomat is de- how." It was the result of a request for clared persona non grata (unwelcome) election slogans and strategy by an Afri- NAME and is requested to leave the country. can delegate who was returning home as ADDRESS- The UN delegates enjoy other priv- a candidate for his country's parliament. TOWN ileges. They pay no taxes. They are ex- Both he and the American politician STATE empted even from the City sales tax. The (Continued on page 42)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 41 THE UN AND THE AMERICANS — (Continued from page 41)

whose electioneering approach he liked political invectives. In any case, the days lost. of cold war bluster, such as Khrushchev's UN socializing with individual New pounding his shoe on the table, appear Yorkers is growing, but the massive over. Just about the harshest remark re-

cocktail party still predominates. Thus, cently made was by a Nationalist Chinese the Shakespeare 400th Anniversary delegate who, answering severe com- Committee at Stratford, Conn., recently munist charges against Formosa, said, threw a garden buffet dinner with cock- "the distinguished representative of the tails and "Much Ado about Nothing" for Soviet Union must be kidding." no less than 1,000 UN guests. On the And how do UN diplomats look at more prosaic side, the International New Yorkers? Ladies Garment Workers Union has An Ambassador's wife offered this placed UN wives in night courses at its friendly reaction: "You will be invited to High School for Fashion Trades. innumerable teas, lunches, cocktail New York also reaps benefits. Some parties, weekends, garden shows, zoos, time ago the wife of a high City official

was seriously ill with an unusual brain disease. Doctors appealed for a special

drug obtainable only in Rumania. It took

two months, but it came in time and helped—without publicity. On the lighter side. Sierra Leone recently invited delegates and a few out- siders to a UN preview of its African dance troupe at the World's Fair. It was suggested that at the Fair, in deference to New York's ban on strip tease, the topless young ladies adjust their costumes at the risk of misrepresenting that country's folklore. But on the UN's international territory, the dances at the preview were genuine and quietly appreciated.

There is surprisingly little intermar- How Lew Huckeba riage between UN delegates and New Yorkers. Statistics on romance are not lost a hobby and gained kept. Incidentally, one of the few require- a motor repair shop ments not voided by diplomatic immun- Coaxing balky power mowers and out- ity is a certificate of physical examination "Oh, I believe it's a perfect diamond all to start up at the first tug and a blood test for both marriage board motors right—There's not room enough for a is a labor of love for Lew Huckeba. applicants. flaw!" made it a hobby for years. Then He Relations among the UN diplomats about a year ago, an excellent opportunity to make it a profitable sideline themselves range from extremely came along. friendly and intimate, to diplomatically THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE Lew took the opportunity. Bought a proper, to cool. The Soviets are not on lot, built a building, stocked it with speaking terms with the Nationalist Chi- dog shows and children's amusement tools and parts and set up in business. nese, and the Israelis don't invite the parks, to boat races, commencements, The money came from U. S. Savings Bonds he's been collecting for years on Arabs to their bar mizvahs. But you can lectures, vernissages, fashion shows and Payroll Savings where he works. Each see Afro-Asian diplomats in a good- bowling. These events may not be un- payday Lew's employers set aside a small humored chat with South African Am- usual in your country, but the eagerness amount from his check and put it toward bassador Mattys Botha, who to them is to you part of the purchase of a U. S. Savings Bond. of the Americans make Lew never sees the money he's saving, the personification of apartheid (race their life and their recreation is outstand- so he hardly misses it. separation). The story is told about a ing and admirable. The Americans are Payroll Millions of Americans use the junior Arab diplomat renting from a the only people who not only invite, but Savings Plan to save money regularly. Jewish landlord. The two soon developed even appreciate criticism. And who are Their dollars quickly build up a nest egg for their future and help our country at a father-son relationship. When the old we to criticize?" the same time. man died, the diplomat approached the One UN diplomat's advice to his fel- How about the things you'd like to be UN Commission to make certain that his lows was: "American home life is in- saving for? Just ask your employer to new landlord maintained the same ar- formal. Do not expect the same formal set aside $37.50 a month for you on Payroll Savings and you'll have $2,428 rangement and attitude. respect as in your official capacity. Even in Bonds in 5 years. It's not only easy In UN debates, extreme accusations children call you by your first name. You ... it works. are delivered mostly in sad, reproachful will find that the wife runs the show. Do yourself as you help your country Help half-whispers. Afterwards, the attacker not feel insulted if she dominates the BUY U.S. SAVINGS BONDS and his victim are often seen in animated conversation. This advertising is donated "friendly" conversation as if to ensure "P. S.—Men carry women's packages The Advertising Council by in such and open doors for them." the end and this magazine. that there was nothing personal 42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 —

THE GREAT NATIONAL COIN SHORTAGE 1961 to 3.4 billion in 1962 and to 3.8 (Continued from page 18) billion coins in 1963. This year, with a larger appropriation, the mints will make serve Banks. How much went out to meet Congress for additional appropriations over 4.5 billion coins. In the second half demands? to step up coin production at the mints. of this year the production rate is up W. Just as banks deposited excess coin E. The Federal Reserve, the Treasury 75% over the second half of last year, with us, they called on us for coin when and the Mint are separate entities? largely because the Treasury now has the short. They demanded roughly 30 bil- W. The Federal Reserve System and the appropriation for working overtime at lion coins a year. The system was in bal- Treasury are separate entities. The Mint the mints. ance. We gave them their 27 billion coins is part of the Treasury. The Treasury E. The new appropriations didn't come back, and the 3 billion from the mints, runs the Mint as a production unit, and through when requested three years ago? to meet their demand for 30 billion coins issues all coinage. The Federal Reserve W. We in the Federal Reserve thought a year. To be prepared for fluctuation in is the outlet for putting it in circulation. we saw the trend and possible danger, demand, the mints kept a year's supply E. But the Federal Reserve makes rec- but there wasn't an actual shortage until on hand in inventory—3 billion coins ommendations on coinage? two years ago. legislative process is and the 12 Federal Reserve Banks kept The W. The Federal Reserve is responsible a slow one, and Congress has taken several months' supply in inventory. been to Congress for determining how much up with many other urgent matters. The E. And now? needs, total money the country of which Treasury didn't get legislative relief un- W. The whole inventory disappeared by coinage is a part. Our recommendations til this year. We now have a good, com- the end of 1962. The Mint's and ours. also embrace paper money, and relate prehensive new law, and a plan under it The banks couldn't satisfy their cus- coinage paper the issue of both and that should solve the whole problem. But tomers and largely stopped depositing money to bank deposits against which it will take time, perhaps three years. It coin with us. We've lost a source of 27 checks are drawn. Checks account for is during this waiting period that the coin billion coins a year in deposits and have all in the United 90% of payments made shortage could be annoying unless volun- the Mint production to ration out see, purely with re- only States today. So you tary public, business and banking coop- to the banks. The mints stepped coinage spect to coins, the Treasury has the job eration steps up the circulation of the up all they could, but this year it'll only of producing them, but the Federal Re- many, many billions of existing coins. come to about 4Vi billion new coins, serve has continuing contacts with banks E. Tell us about the new law. which is pretty shocking when you con- all over the country, and can provide a W. It goes beyond authorizing stepped- sider that the normal demand on us was good estimate of the public demand. up production. The mints, particularly for 30 billion coins a year. E. The Treasury couldn't increase mint the old Philadelphia mint, have a limited E. When did you become aware of a production, even if the mints had the ca- maximum capacity. Denver's is more trend toward a shortage of coins? pacity, without appropriations from modern and has been producing the bulk About four or five years ago in Congress to pay for the extra work? W. we of the coins. With the support of the the Federal Reserve System started advis- W. Not significantly. Only to the extent Banking and Currency Committees of ing the Mint that in best that it could run a tighter crash opera- our judgment both Houses of Congress, HR10532 was production should be increased. tion within its normal budget. Without The drafted, passed by both Houses and Treasury began its efforts to do this about significant additional appropriations, signed into law by the President this sum- three years ago when it began to ask mint production went from 3.2 billion in mer as part of the general Post Office- Treasury appropriation.

EWHAT DOES it do? • W. This law authorizes construction of a new modern mint in Philadel- phia to replace the old one there—and that'll take three years at least, I would guess. It also authorizes round-the-clock production, seven days a week, at both

mints in the meantime. Furthermore, it gives the Treasury leeway to increase the present Mint capacity (a) with new production methods and (b) by jobbing out the preparation of the metals to private firms, so that the mints can concentrate

chiefly on coin-stamping. It is estimated that even before the new Philadelphia mint is in operation, coin production will go to 9 billion coins a year under this program. E. Who supported the new law, outside of Congress? W. Many businessmen's associations, chambers of commerce (including the U.S. Chamber of Commerce), we in the Federal Reserve, the Treasury, Mr. Pratt's organization — The American Bankers Association, all testified strongly (Continued on next page) 43 —

THE GREAT NATIONAL COIN SHORTAGE E. The initials b.u. appear often in these prices for b.u. coins of ten to 20 years (Continued from page 43) ads—meaning "brilliant (or bright) un- ago lead speculators to feel that they may circulated." I take that to mean that they make 10,000% profit from today's coins for it. The Jewel Tea Company's mid- are still in their original mint wrappings by keeping them in their mint wrappings west chain stores had planned to issue or bags. And, looking at the prices, it is for a decade or two, so that $100 today scrip of its own for change-making be- plain to see why the fever to get mint may reap $10,000 or so in the 1970's. fore the Treasury talked it out of the coins in bulk and never circulate them idea. It told Congress that it had only P. And of course it's probably a pipe- has grown. proposed to print the scrip because the dream. So many people now have the lack of change was hurting its business, P. Just look at what some b.u. rolls or same idea that it's likely the b.u. coins

and it supported the new law strongly. bags of a few years ago are selling for of the 1960's will be a drug on the col- The business and banking world in gen- now! lectors' market in the future. They won't

be scarce, like the 1 949 eral actively backed it. E. Here's one firm that asks $1,300 for San Francisco b.u. dimes, they'll be plentiful. If the E. Does the government have any other a b.u. roll of 1933 Denver Mint pennies! bubble starts to burst it may go all the specific steps in mind to ease the situa- It has, I think, 50 pennies in it that were way, so many collectors and speculators tion? brand new in 1933. Here's another ad will lose interest entirely and dump their W. Because it is felt that coin collectors that offers to pay any reader of Numis- coins on the collapsing market. are holding a good deal of the existing matic News $525 for a roll of b.u. 1949 E. Of course the coins will still have coinage out of normal circulation, it is dimes from the old San Francisco Mint, their face value. proposed to continue to put the 1964 if that's what "S" means after the date. P. But they pay a premium for b.u.'s date on future coins for an indeterminate That would have $5 in dimes in it, for even those for 1964. Look, you pay length of time. The more coins there are which someone who bought it and didn't $3.50 more than face value for a $10 with the same date on them, the less val- open it in 1949 can now realize a profit roll of b.u. 1964 Kennedy half dollars uable they are to collectors. of 10,400% after 15 years, by my arith- in this ad. E. 1 have here the June 8 issue of Numis- metic. Certainly banks and the Federal matic News, a tabloid newspaper for Reserve are rationing coin collectors to- am convinced that most of the coin collectors, running to 120 pages. day? WI is unnatural. . present shortage Most of it is advertising by coin dealers. W. Of course. And some of the collectors When coin got a little tight, protective Many of the ads are what you normally raise hob with us by complaining to their hoarding and speculation pyramided. expect. They offer individual coins of Congressmen that we don't fill their or- The sales taxes, vending machines, toll some age or rarity, with very few of them ders. roads, the piling up of coins at home newer than 1935 or 1940. But I am sur- E. My heart goes out to genuine col- without any real motive to hang on to prised at the number of other coin dealer lectors. But these ads suggest that this them for self-protection, and the other ads that offer to sell or buy rolls or whole great bulk of rolls and mint bags adver- real factors made a slight shortage. When mint bags of coins of recent vintage, tised by coin dealers isn't hobby collect- the idea of a shortage got out, people right down to this year. ing. It's speculation. Here's one firm that who need coins started hanging on to P. Yes. The Wall Street Journal says that offers b.u. coins in bulk in this language: them, and this really put the brakes on coin collectors have increased from 2 "a substantial capital investment." circulation. million to 10 million in five years. And They'll sell you uncirculated coins in E. You think that merchants have big there is a growing tendency for them to quantity beyond your cash resources, on piles of coins they are holding on to? save current coins, singly, in twos, in sets, the layaway plan, for the stated purpose W. You don't need to hold on to big in rolls or in unopened mint bags. of future profit. I suppose the current piles. I think few merchants have big piles of coin. They are suffering. You

see, the deviltry of it is that rapid circulation normally satisfies very much more of the need for coins than the mere number of coins in existence. We cited the dime that could serve as nine dimes

or more a day if it moves freely. A merchant who is so short of change that he

is suffering makes the situation worse by hanging on to the little he has. There are billions and billions and billions of coins outstanding in this country. There's pre- cious little shortage of supply, there's a great shortage of movement. I think that

if the idea of a shortage were to end, coins would move freely again and the whole crisis would end. E. But the merchant who only has $5 in change and needs $40 for tomorrow which he can't get—is in a terrible fix if he puts his $5 in the bank, unless he knows that all the other merchants, who are also short, will do the same. W. That's why I think the public—you and I and everyone else as consumers are the key to turning the tide. We don't need the change we are keeping out of .

circulation the way a merchant does. We can start the ball rolling, and once it rolls I think it will go all the way. Men.-.saygoodbye E. What can we do? P. One—if you have any coins at home that you have simply put away—piggy bank or bureau drawer style—turn them to gray hair! in at your bank or use them for spending money until they're gone.

W. Two—if you have change with which to pay for a purchase, take the pains to use it instead of giving the merchant a bill. When buying anything make it a

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All over America, men are raving about "RD" — the new, easy, sure way " 'Sugar and spice, and everything nice, to tone down your gray hair . . . even to completely conceal it. And , without that's what little girls are made of,' plus changing your natural hair color ! calcium propionate added to retard spoilage." You'll find that "RD's" unbelievable results are so gradual ... so natural- RD THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE looking, that no one suspects you're using anything. Day by day, you'll see a subtle improvement; until in about 10 days — your gray hair is no longer HAIR DRESSING personal policy to spend your change visible. Then, to keep that gray away, you continue to use "RD" — only as * The new, before breaking a bill. often as needed. I easy way E. What else? off, not or — "RD" does not look artificial, does not rub does streak run to gradually W. For heaven's sake! Daytona Beach even when you wash your hair! "RD" is as easy to use as any other fine and surely produced 130,000 pennies in three hair dressing. Just rub it in — and comb! cover your hours. Ann Arbor let go of $25,000 in gray - as Already, many thousands of barbers and users enthusiastically agree . . you groom change in a week. If 72 million Ameri- "RD is terrific!" "Works like magic. Not only to cover gray but also to keep ' your hair! can wage earners a conscious ef- make hair looking healthier, more alive, younger-looking." You, too, can expect fort to make their change move I the same rewarding experience! *0ND RESEARCH!** wouldn't ask anything else from the pub- So men, don't let gray hair handicap you. Don't let gray hair make you look lic, and I think it would break the back than you are. Today — get "RD" ... and get a "new lease on life". of the whole shortage. older Research Corporation, New York City P. (to Mr. Waage) And don't you think, © 1954 Raymond Tom, that the public will cooperate?

W. They proved it in wartime. If they INTRODUCTORY RAYMOND RESEARCH CORR-DEPT. C know the situation is serious, and are RO. Box 619, Radio City Station -N.Y.C. 10019 sure that nobody is kidding them, the OFFER American people are probably the most Please send me Introductory 60 Day Tube of "RD" (in "RD" will soon be cooperative in the world. plain wrapper). I enclose $1 with coupon. You pay all available in your postage. I must be satisfied, or I'll return tube and E. You don't sound as if you were kid- favorite drugstore. get back $1. ding. But if you mail coupon now, you'll get PRINT P. I'm talking for the American Bankers NAME by return mail gen- Association, and we aren't kidding. erous 60 Day Tube ADDRESS W. I'm talking for the Federal Reserve for only $1. We pay Bank, which never asked the people to all taxes and post- CITY_ _STATE_ circulate their coins before. We aren't age. ZONE kidding. the end THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 45 > BOOKS 4

programs, points out instances of favoritism family, lavishly illustrated with color and Living High On The Hog in the farm program, and pinpoints Potomac black and white photos and drawings. confusion about our farm program. TAXPAYER'S HAYRIDE, by Julius He suggests what he feels would be a Dusdia. LITTLE^ BROWN & CO., $6. Death Of The Thresher, by Norman realistic farm program. It should, slates Mr. Polmar. chilton books, $3.95. On March 29. 1062, FBI agents arrested Duscha, include: (1) government help to On April 10, 1963, the Thresher, the Hi I lie Sol Estes, in Peeos, Tex., and exposed move farmers out of agriculture, by retrain- Navy's then most advanced attack nuclear an agricultural boondoggle arising out of the ing them for non-farm jobs; (2) a govern- government's farm subsidy program. submarine, was lost on a dive to her maxi- ment subsidy to farmers who would per- mum operating depth. Here is the story of Billie Sol, a loyal family man, a religious manently retire land into a soil bank; (3) a that ship and the commanders and men person who neither smoked, drank nor government farm income guarantee that who served aboard her. cursed, and who frowned upon dancing as would absorb the difference between market sinful, was accused of having milked the prices and minimum prices needed to as- government's multibillion-.dollar farm sub- Your Guide To The Weather, by George sure an adequate farm income; and, (4) sidy program through clever manipulations. L. Cant/laar. barnes & noble, inc., $1.50. provide a direct attack on rural poverty A handbook for amateur meteorologists W ith that arrest came a searching reap- through efforts to bring industry to rural on understanding and predicting the praisal just the farm subsidy of why program areas or to move farm people to areas where weather, with graphs and photos. there are jobs. The author believes that because Congress The Horses Arlington, as told to has so many members whose sympathies are Of Stuart E. Brown, Chesapeake book with farm areas and their problems, any Jr. co., $2. farm program that is to be adopted must A story-like report on the Army horses be combined with rural redevelopment that participate in U.S. military ceremonials efforts if it is to gain the support of these and funerals. rurally oriented representatives.

A Transaction Of Free Men, by David The Supreme Court and Public Prayer, Hawke. charles scribner's sons, $5.95. by Charles E. Rice, fordham university The times and men that shaped our PRESS, $5. Declaration of Independence, with particular A dissenting opinion on the Supreme emphasis on the lives, education and views of Court's June 25, 1962. decision that school Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. prayer is unconstitutional, plus historical and fiscal facts related to that decision, by an associate professor of constitutional law. Golfers Gold, by Tony Lema with Gwilym S. Brown, little brown & co., The fork of plenty $4.95. Can Small Business Survive? by Senator A professional golfer tells what it's like William Proxmire. henry regnery co., had been instituted, what it bad ac- being part of the PGA Tour and describes $3.95. complished and what it could and should how it feels to be in the depths or at the A guide to what problems you will face accomplish. height of tournament play. and what help you can hope to secure if you Mr. Duscha's book recalls the factors start an independent small business. which brought about farm conditions that Kodoku—Sailing Alone Across the Pa- necessitated shoring up farm incomes by cific, by Kenichi Horie. charles e. tuttle of present-day farm subsidy pro- Heroes And Legends World War 1, means the Of co., $5. gram. by Arch Whitehouse. doubleday & co., The 94-day, 5,000-mile sailing adventure Since 1874, the United States has been $5.95. of a young Japanese, who traveled alone collection of famous battle stories and facing the problem of agricultural overpro- A from Osaka, Japan, to San Francisco, Calif. duction. American farmers have been tales of individuals that are part of the lore planting and harvesting more corn, wheat, of WW1. The Modern United States Army, by Lt. cotton and other commodities than could Col. Forrest K. Kleinman, AUS (ret.) and be absorbed at profitable prices in domestic None Dare Call It Treason, by John A. Robert S. Horowitz, d. van nostrand co., and foreign markets. Vet failure to recognize Stormer. liberty bell press, paperback, inc., $5.95. and do something about this overproduc- 754. The past, present and future roles of the tion has aggravated the problem for both An attack on the "soft-on-communism" ground combat soldier of today's Army. farmers and the government. attitude prevalent in certain areas of our na- Though there have been a number of tional life, presented with documentation The Mad Doctor's Drive, as told by periods of agricultural prosperity, only dur- and historical background. Ralph Nading Hill. Stephen greene ing war periods has the demand for farm press, paperback, $1.50, hardback, $3.50. produce been sufficient to result in higher The Book of Boston, by Marjorie Drake San Francisco to New York by car in 1903 agricultural prices. At other times, the in- ROSS. HASTINGS HOUSE PUBLISHERS, $4.95. was as much an adventure as a modern-day comes of farmers were generally low. To Text and photos bring to life the years jungle safari. Here is the story of the first counteract insufficient income, farmers 1837-1901 in Boston, the city's Victorian era, transcontinental auto trip. would increase production, seeking to make when arts, letters and architecture flourished. more money through the sale of more pro- Every Serviceman's Lawyer, by Earl duce. This in turn resulted in more over- Our Most Interesting Diseases, by Harold Snyder, the stackpole co., $3.95. production and further lowering of prices. Burn. M.D. Charles scribner's sons, useful guide to practical information on It was to help farmers solve these income A $4.50. the law, how it affects you and how it can problems that the federal government, in the Diseases that are currently among the help and serve you. 30's, instituted our present-day system of chief causes of man's ill health are discussed farm subsidies. by an English doctor in layman's terms. Quoting figures, Mr. Duscha discusses the The African Past, by Basil Davidson. part of our federal budget that goes to aid LITTLE, BROWN & CO., $7.95. agriculture and agricultural interests, cites Fish and Fishing. Meredith press, $7-95. A perspective of Africa through the cen- those instances of government investigations aimed An easy-to-follow guide to successful, en- turies, gleaned from the writings of there, gsh at uncovering waste and inefficiency in the joyable fresh-water angling for the entire who lived, colonized or visited

46 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • ( TOBER 1964 I

WHEN FDR JUGGLED THANKSGIVING (Continued from page 23)

planned to have a Notre Dame fullback To enable the calendar makers to get as best man hoped that the early holi- back to work, President Roosevelt an- day would be rescinded because he nounced that the 1940 Thanksgiving would have to be on campus for a game would also be advanced one week to the next Saturday. One couple thanked Thursday, November 21. He did so on

the President for enabling them to be August 30, 1939, while letters still were married a week earlier. Some whose wed- pouring in about the 1939 date. These ding anniversaries or birthdays fell on swamped the White House staff and only a Permanent Cash Account November 23 wrote their thanks. The a few received even Secy. Louis Howe's you can draw on anytimeYOU like ... latter included an 80-year-old Corona, all-purpose acknowledgment: "The Pres- Cash 30 Monthly You Get Payments N.Y., woman and a ident has received letter. ten-year-old Hicks- your Your cour- $ 100 $ 4.78 2. Return Loan Form 14.33 ville, N.Y., boy. tesy in sending your point of view is very 300 •500 23.55 3. Cash the Check Hampden-Sydney College was happy much appreciated." 700, 32.10 Yes, just 3 simple steps to get the $100 to $i,000 cash that is waiting for you. over the change. Months earlier it had The effect on football schedules was 900 40.23 but that's not all! Your confidential 1,000 44.24 erroneously listed November 23 as not as serious as expected. Where neces- Loan-By-Mail will automatically establish for you a Permanent Cash Account you can Thanksgiving in its catalog. Happy also sary, Thanksgiving games were shifted to draw on whenever you need money for any purpose! was the Defiance Sales Saturday. Two Northwestern University Repay loan in small monthly installments. No co- Corp. of New makers. Everything private. Also, Credit Life Insur- York which had made the same mistake students who bought season tickets to ance is available, at nominal cost, which will pay the balance of your loan in case of death. Clean up your on 100,000 calendars. The World Cal- the home games sent President Roosevelt bills now and also have established permanent credit, money that's yours to command whenever you like! No matter where endar Association approved the change a bill when one was cancelled. "We fig- you live, rush coupon. Loan Order Blank and Permanent Cash Account offer mailed free in plain envelope. No obligation. but still hoped for a Monday Thanks- ured as you are responsible for the loss," DIAL FINANCE CO., 410 Kilpatrick Bldg. Dept. 10-092. - Omaha, Nebraska 68102 giving. The Milwaukee Journal ap- they wrote, "you owe us each $2.50." | DIAL FINANCE CO., 410 Kilpatrick Bldg."" plauded the move, noting that it simply Dept. 10-092. - Omaha, Nebraska 68102 I Rush FREE Loan Order Blank, Permanent Cash ; made Thanksgiving a day earlier than Sharpest criticism came from people I | I Account Offer. n the previous year, and published a short who differed with the President as to Name.. story, "Me and the President," in which the sacredness of the Thanksgiving tra- a young turkey raiser paid off a villain- dition. "Why commercialize Christian- .Zone State. ous mortgage holder thanks to the unity?" asked a Louisiana woman. "Why Amount you want to borrow S . expected early holiday. A quick Gallup not try to Christianize commerce?" An Poll showed 52% of the Democrats in Oklahoma man suggested, "Just com- favor of the change but others heavily mand the sun to rise in the west and set against it. in the east, and then you will have your Most, but not all, turkey raisers and name in history." A Darby, Pa., man retailers were enthusiastic. "If the large wrote, "You can no more change my day department stores are overcrowded dur- of Thanksgiving than you can change the ing the shorter shopping period, the over- shape of the moon." Conservative col- flow will come to the neighborhood umnists, like Hugh S. Johnson and Mark store," wrote a small Brooklyn retailer. Sullivan, pointed out that Christmas "We have waited many years for a late might be moved closer to New Year's Thanksgiving to give us an advantage with the same arguments. Alfred M. over the large stores, and we are sadly Landon, the 1936 Republican nominee, EARN be a TAX CONSULTANT disappointed." termed it another illustration of the con- Our students earn lucrative fees in 3 MORE month busy tax season preparing income The change created serious difficulties fusion that Roosevelt's impulsiveness tax returns in spare time—and operate profitable Business Tax Service yielding steady for hotels and organizations with long caused and said the change had been an- monthly fees of $10-$50 per client, year 'round. Enjoy professional standing in dignified full or part planned November conventions. They nounced to "an unprepared country with time home-office business. No experience necessary. We train you at home and help you start. Write pleaded that it be rescinded or delayed the omnipotence of a Hitler." today for free literature. No agent will call. Licensed by N. Y. Education Dept. a year. Publishers of calendars and What Attorney General Murphy had National Tax Training School, Monsey S-17. N. Y. diaries were frantic. Their 1939 products warned against occurred. The Republi- IF not only bore the old date but these pub- can Governor of Ohio agreed to the early lishers were in the midst of printing their date but most of the other Republican YOU 1940 items and some had already turned governors, including all in New England, HAVE RUPTURE out several million. stuck to the later one. So did the Demo- it is important that you When President Roosevelt, preoccu- cratic Governor of North Carolina and a pied with European events, failed to re- few others. Twenty-six states and the Get this NEW FREE BOOK

ply, a Brookline, Mass., calendar maker District of Columbia officially celebrated This New FREE Illustrated Book tells how Rupture can be treated by a mild NON- appealed to Mrs. Roosevelt. She gave November 23. Twenty-one others cele- SURGICAL METHOD and THAT THE him little comfort when she wrote on brated November 30. Turkey-raising, TREATMENT is backed by a Lifetime Cer- tificate of Assurance. August 24: "It seems to me utterly ri- football-playing Texas marked both The book explains that, although many people have not heard of, or diculous that days. have been one has to have on a cal- Because Denver and Kenosha offi- misinformed about the non-surgical treatment, it has endar any date that one wishes to have cials differed with their Governors, a long history of use and is recognized by authorities today. changed. The announcement in the pa- there were also double holidays in parts Many men and women from all over the country have taken the NON-SURGICAL per that this date of Colorado and Wisconsin. has been changed TREATMENT and have reported it has proven effective. should be sufficient to correct anything The Yorker published New and sent Write today for this New Free Book that which may be on a calendar. This con- to President Roosevelt two cartoons. One tells HOW and explains WHY more and more sufferers are using MODERN NON- troversy seems to me to show very little by Richard Decker showed a meat SURGICAL Methods of treating their rup- tures. Act Now. No obligation. adaptability on our part in the way of market placarded: "Support the Presi- EXCELSIOR MEDICAL CLINIC readjustment to even small things." (Continued on page 48) Dept. E 1140 Excelsior Springs, Mo. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 47 —

WHEN FDR JUGGLED THANKSGIVING New York City, reported hotel business Mayor LaGuardia checked 203 New (Continued from page 47) seriously declining because of the length- York City stores and found that some big ening of the Thanksgiving-Christmas ones liked the early date but most small dent! Honor Your Forefathers! Observe span, a slow period in hotels, and the ones did not, and many found their cus- Both Thanksgivings!" One by Peter Arno disparity in dates. Mothers reported the tomers delaying Christmas shopping un- showed a formally dressed man refusing situation dividing families never before til December regardless of the date of turkey at dinner and was captioned: separated at Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving. LaGuardia had of "Bring Mr. Rogers some bacon and eggs, Mayors "The possible inconveniences to busi- 22 other cities check their stores. "I am Bassett. He's not celebrating till next ness of a late Thanksgiving," wrote a forced week." Secretary Early reported the to conclude from the evidence ad- Boston man, "are as nothing to the pres- duced," President "delighted" with the cartoons. he wrote the President on May ent general inconveniences, the family 6, "that the early And at the New England Council, Thanksgiving has not separations, and the disruption of our na- yet I which met as scheduled on November proved worthwhile. Personally, tional spiritual life." On the last day of 23, the Governor of Maine pulled a can would be glad to see it tried again but the year, white-haired Sen. Morris Shep- of sardines from his pocket and ate them. I am obliged to say that there is a great pard forwarded to the White House a deal of feeling against the President Roosevelt received a variety change, much of it sentimental." of messages as he celebrated his own While he keep, Thanksgiving on the 23rd at Warm would because of his Springs, Ga. A Johnson City, N.Y., man commitment to the calendar printers, the telegraphed that he was the father of the early holiday in 1941, President Roose- velt announced on 20 that the "ex- first baby girl born there that day. "We May periment" not are thankful that in this country," wired had worked out and that in 1 942 he would return to the George Jessel, the actor, "though the day traditional for Thanksgiving may be changed the date. He termed advancing it the "only reasons remain the same." From South mistake" of his administration up to that Carolina, James Byrnes messaged, "This time. is Democratic Thanksgiving Day. Re- To avoid a repetition of the imbroglio, publicans will eat at the second table next Congressmen introduced several bills. Thursday." But from a woman in Wey- One, making Thanksgiving "the last mouth. Mass., came this message, "I Thursday," offered by Rep. Earl C. hope you are enjoying the joke of chang- Michener, a Republican and a Spanish- ing Thanksgiving to Franksgiving. You American War Veteran from Adrian, have made a mockery of one of our most Mich., became a House Joint Resolution. holy days." Because of the controversy, Passed by the House in August, it a mountain area near Wing, N.C.—that reached the Senate Committee on the never previously had observed Thanks- Judiciary in October. There, however,

giving, and where it had never even been the Democratic majority changed "last a school holiday — observed the later Thursday" to "fourth Thursday," the date. same day in most years. This decision Did advancing the date help retailers? prevented the holiday from ever again falling 29th There was some evidence that it did. on the or 30th. "You don't eat them. Just spill them on While retail sales were up as much as the floor three times a day and pick them Two days after the attack on Pearl 12% in some other Federal Reserve Dis- up one at a time." Harbor, when everybody had more seri- tricts, in New England where the later ous problems to think about, the Senate date was rigidly observed they were up passed the revised bill. The House passed only York electric appliance it on December 19, on motion of the late 2%. A New THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE dealer wrote that the early holiday had Estes Kefauver, and President Roosevelt been of "tremendous benefit" to his con- resolution of the Chamber of Commerce signed it a week later. cern. Leary, the Gary, Ind., laundryman, of Austin, Tex., asking a return to the A trickle of suggestions about Thanks- and others also reported better business. traditional date. The resolution declared giving still flows to the White House.

On the available evidence, 3 1 states went that the change "has not been of benefit Some people would like all holidays on along with the President in 1940 in ob- to business" and "has almost totally de- Mondays. Some would like to have the serving November 21 as Thanksgiving. stroyed the spiritual significance of proclamation include a warning to drive And, to help the calendar makers, Presi- Thanksgiving." safely or a request to display the flag. dent Roosevelt made November 20 his Ten days later the President asked But for nearly all Americans, Thanks- 1941 Thanksgiving date many months Wayne Taylor, Undersecretary of Com- giving today is a very satisfactory holi-

before the arrival of the 1 940 holiday. merce, "to make a very quiet, secret, day. It can be as early as November 22 A secretary's memorandum to Bill confidential survey—to check with May- and never later than November 28. Hassett of the White House staff on No- or Fiorello LaGuardia of New York Thursday and Sunday are far enough

vember 30, 1940, said: "Mr. Early told to determine whether it was worthwhile apart for the devout to go to church on me to tell you and all the others that as commercially to continue the early date both days. With the shortening of the

long as the President is in the White or return to the old." A few days later, work week, many who begged for a two- House, Thanksgiving will be kept a week a poll of Pennsylvania retailers showed or three-day holiday now have a four- in advance." But many, including some 90% in favor of a uniform date, regard- day break. It is a "boon for sports lov-

of President Roosevelt's friends, began less of whether it was the fourth Thurs- ers." With the development of night and to have doubts about the possible bene- day or the last Thursday in the month. professional contests, football addicts fits. Retail sales were better but war or- On February 4, 1941, Undersecretary can see as many as four football games ders and defense work were improving Taylor reported businessmen "practical- over the long weekend. These days.

business generally. Frank L. Andrews, ly unanimous in wanting a uniform Thanksgiving is, by law, the fourth president of the Hotel Association of date." Thursday in November. the end

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 " —

New Houseware Gadgetry. Shrinks Hemorrhoids

Economics for Anyone. New Way Without Surgery

PERSONAL Rhubarb Over Polish. Stops Itch -Relieves Pain For the first time science has found a new healing substance with the astonishing ability to shrink hemorrhoids and to relieve Housewares dealers are getting set for a real boom this Christmas in three pain — without surgery. gift lines, one of which could be in short supply before all's said and done: In case after case, while gently relieving pain, actual reduction (shrinkage) took place. Electric Slicing Knives top the list and may be a virtual sellout. About Most amazing of all — results were so ten manufacturers now are making the motor-driven carvers, priced from thorough that sufferers made astonishing statements like "Piles have ceased to be a around $22 to $40 for a cordless job by GE. Not only is the public expected problem! to grab up the fancy sheers as fast as they are produced, but a blade shortage The secret is a new healing substance (Bio-Dyne® ( — discovery of a world-famous additionally will put the squeeze on stocks. Only a handful of makers is research institute. capable of turning out the fine edges, and moreover it's a slow process (up- This substance is now available in sup- pository or ointment form under the name wards of four weeks per pair of blades). Preparation H®. Ask for it at all drug Non- Stick Cookware is expected to get a new shot in the arm now that counters. most major makers have adopted Du Pont's Teflon coating. An important angle about Teflon is that Du Pont supervises the coating job to guard against shoddy manufacture and the possibility of peeling. Guesses are that, as a result of better quality, almost half of all griddle and frying pan sales are moving into the non-stick class. Electric Clocks—both wall and table—are winning renewed interest be- S*g0rll*' YOU'LL LIKE IT cause they, too, are losing their cords and becoming battery powered. Prices Send lor free sample and pipe booklet, Kaywoodie Pipes, N.Y. 22 now start at less than $10, and the range of models is wide. In prospect for the near future: battery-driven alarm clocks. MAKE to $ 5°° AN HOUR AT HOME Let Me Prove It To You FREE! I'll show you how Plastic Sealing and A $2.5 million project to make economics—often called the "dismal science" Laminating at home, spare time, can give you as much as $5.00 each hour you —more intelligible to future citizens is just getting started in a dozen school operate. Table-top machine sets up any where. Easy. Fun. No experience needed. We furnish systems (eventually 30 will participate). Behind it is the Joint Council on everything. We'll even help finance you. No house-to-house selling. Orders come by mail. Economic Education, an independent, non-profit group, supported by in- Write for facts FREE. No salesman will call. dustry, labor, and research organizations. WARNER ELECTRIC. 1512 Jarvis. L-8-LL Chicago 26, III. The idea is to catch kids as early as the first grade and show them how societies utilize and distribute the fruits of their manpower and resources. The first step is to demonstrate how a family manages its affairs, then a community, then a nation—and so on with increasing complexity. Alongside LOW DOWN the classroom program will be efforts to upgrade and update economic IM^. Sf^W PAYMENT I Monuments—Markers—Direct to teachers, develop new teaching materials, and devise better curricula. • you. Satisfaction or money back Lowest Prices—Freight paid. Free Catalog. Incidentally, if you want to shine up your own economic education, the ROCKDALE MONUMENT CO., Dept. 602, JOIIET, ILL U.S. Department of Commerce has a compact little booklet that will give you a good start ("Do You Know Your Economic ABC's?"; 20^ ; U.S. Govern- FALSE TEETH ment Printing Office; Washington 25, D.C.) KLUTCH holds them tighter KLUTCH forms a comfort cushion; holds dental Just as you might suspect, those new synthetic shoes made of Corfam plates so much firmer and snugger that one can eat and talk with greater comfort and security; in many have stirred up a fuss among shoe-polish manufacturers. Originally, the cases almost as well as with natural teeth. Klutch Corfam people said the shoes didn't need polishing. When this created a lessens the constant fear of a dropping, rocking, chafing plate. ... If your druggist doesn't have mild explosion from Esquire Shoe Care Products, Corfam changed its tune Klutch. don't waste money on substitutes, but send us 10c and we will mail you a generous trial box. to say that polish would add luster (which apparently is true). So everybody KLUTCH CO., Box 407J, ELMIRA, N. Y. now is happy. Something similar happened about a year ago when an argument developed over the need for waxing and polishing new cars. By now the debate is pretty well forgotten because car owners proudly polish their cars anyhow. MONEY As a matter of fact, new auto polishes keep coming on the market as fast as ever. Latest: a semi-solid that acts like a liquid when you apply it with a little pressure (Johnson's "Kit," priced at around $1.70). BY MAIL

So-called "counterfeit" lumber is turning up again in several Eastern FAST, CONFIDENTIAL SERVICE UNDER markets. Here's what happens: A lumber dealer or distributor relabels GOVERNMENT REGULATION CASH 30 If you're between 25 and 65. steadily employed, you TOU MONTHLY lumber with a phoney RECEIVE PAYMENTS* stamp of his own, thus converting, say, a grade marked can borrow up to on your $600 signature alone. We $200 S 9.88 $300 14.82 notify no one. We are Government regulated, operat- "utility" by the mill into "construction." It's pretty hard for the average buyer $400 19 76 $500 24 66 ing under the State Division of Finance, Department to spot the mislabeling. Lumber experts say: $600 29.18 meantime 1) "counterfeiting," of Business Administration Fill in the coupon below;

we ll send while annoying, isn't so prevalent that it's scary, and 2) the worst mistake of application papers by return mail, •The above payments include Creditor Life Insurance all is buying lumber with no grade marked on it whatsoever. i I MURDOCH ACCEPTANCE CORPORATION dept. 71 Incidentally, remember that when you buy 2x4s, you actually buy lumber I P.O. BOX 659 / POPLAR BLUFF, MISSOURI 5 planed to 1%x3 /8 in. regardless of moisture content. There's a move afoot I Name now to change these specifications slightly to allow for shrinkage in green | Address. it lumber, but may be a year or more before anything happens. City ! State_ —By Edgar A. Grunwald RENDERING FAITHFUL SERVICE FOR A QUARTER CENTURY

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 49 MAN'S ENEMY THE RAT, TODAY (Continued from page 25) tomed to ordinary noises and often is tricts previously considered rat-free. dental feeding on it by children, pets or active close to people, domestic animals From civilization's dawn the rat has livestock rarely causes harm. Anticoagu- or machines. A rat can jump two feet harassed the man and rat problem con- lant baits are thus effective and fairly high and dig two feet into the ground. tinues in 1964. Rats have killed some few safe. The long whiskers on the snout serve people by direct attack. But because the A new chemical discovery the called sense of touch. The brown rat runs rat flea transmits bubonic plague, rats RATICATE holds great promise. Devel- close beside a wall where these sensory have indirectly wiped out more human oped and tested at Tavolek Laboratories hairs touch to give the animal informa- lives than all the wars of history, to rank of Fort Washington, Pa., it went on the tion about its surroundings. The brown as the most destructive of all pests. Un- market in September. RATICATE's ac- rat is most active at night but may go like most animals, the rat never cleans tion differs from other raticides and kills about in quiet, undisturbed places during itself. It thrives in filth and transmits over after a single feeding, usually the day. within 15 35 known diseases to man and his ani- minutes to four hours after ingestion. The common rat nests wherever safety mals, not to mention carrying 18 differ- Despite it lethal effect on rats, it can be found close produces enough to food and ent kinds of lice, fleas, ticks and mites. no deaths in domestic pets and farm ani- water. In buildings, the rat uses double No other animal lives with less justifica- mals. walls, the space between floors and ceil- tion from the human point of view—in Anticoagulant ings, closed-in spaces around baits are being used by counters, short, nothing good for humanity can be or cities with large-scale rat-exterminating any place hidden from view that said about the wild brown rat. programs programs enemies cannot reach. The — like those recently more rubbish Yet, more than any other species of inaugurated in Atlanta, Kansas City, St. that is piled around, the more objects wild animal, the rat depends on man. Louis and that are stacked New York. in corners or closets, the The two never separate. Today only a Though you greater the number of hiding and nesting may not be aware of it, few isolated localities in the United your city places. The home range generally probably maintains a constant is no States remain rat-free. Nearly everyone alert against rat-borne larger than necessary to provide the diseases. New Or- ne- is, therefore, subject to their onslaughts. leans carries on a cessities of life. Observations year-round typhus con- in Balti- In view of this, how goes man's war on more, trol program. Trapped rats are bled to for example, showed Norway rats his age-old enemy today? seldom ranging determine whether they are disease car- more than 100 to 150 Discovery of anticoagulant drugs riers. feet from their nests. They are then combed and any ranks as the biggest boon to rat elimina- Unseen city rat-burrows ectoparasites identified. If these proced- sometimes tion in recent years. These drugs, such consist of a maze of tunnels ures reveal anything alarming, the Bu- under whole as diphacin, fumarin, pival and warfarin, reau of Pest blocks. In suburbia, rats like the Control steps up its year- harbor- reduce or prevent blood clotting and re- age of ivy, myrtle, flower round war on rats. beds and heav- sult in fatal internal bleeding. When ily mulched shrubs. Besides the fruit of mixed with grain or cereal-type bait, this the garbage grinders, Waterfront areas today remain a rats find supple- poison attracts rats. Anticoagulants don't mentary pickings favorite rat habitat. Consequently, in charcoal barbecue kill by a single dose, but must be fed stoves, bird feeders, port cities frequently experience heavy meat bones and upon several times over a period of days. foods neglected infestations. New Orleans has pretty well by pampered pets. The This produces a cumulative effect which recent invasion whipped the problem by stressing pre- of upper-income areas ultimately kills. The amount of poison has resulted in rodent ventive measures, such as "building rats problems in dis- in one dose of the bait is low, so acci- out," storing foodstuffs above the floor, installing rat guards on power and telephone wires, and abolishing "rat harbors." Until five years ago Port Houston, Tex., literally crawled with rats. Port employees often feared to leave their offices after dark because rats ran rampant over the grounds and parking lots. This invasion came about because of spillage of grain and other edible products from trucks and railroad cars, and because the port offered excellent housing facilities for the rodents. A mountain of scrap iron, six or seven stories high, by itself accommodated hundreds of the pests. To combat this appalling situation, Port Houston, like many other harbors and airports, called in a professional pest control expert—in this case the Big State Exterminating Company. "Those rats were numerous, vicious and smart," says Bill Spitz, President of Big State. "There was one instance where they literally ate a cat." "I know you wanted to get away from it all for a while, dear, This occurred in a warehouse filled but the kids are getting hungry." with sacks of grain. A cat chased a pack of rats through a pile of sacks. Eventu- THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE ally the tabby became wedged in tightly. 50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 . .

Then the rats attacked from behind and Ultimately Rudolph was trapped and devoured it alive. the Chicago Board of Health launched NO NEED TO WEAR According to Spitz, controlling rats is an immediate investigation to see if it not as difficult as it is painstaking and could discover from where he came. The continuous. "If you deny them food, wa- Board planned to drop the whole matter A TRUSS ter and harborage, they can be elimi- if Rudolph turned out to be a local rat. nated." Spitz and his crews planted an- But if he should be an out-of-town rat he ticoagulant rodenticides from the perim- could theoretically bring in some dis- FOR RUPTURE That Binds, Cuts, Gouges, the port and disposed of piles ease. Rudolph cost the city and the air- eter into Slips and Does Not Hold scrap metal and lumber and other con- line a considerable chunk of cash. of If you must wear a Truss for Rupture, ditions that offered harborage. Rats died don't miss this. A Post Card, with name and address, is all you send to W. S. Rice, by the thousands. possess voracious appetites, Rats Inc., Dept. 8T, Adams, N. Y., to get FREE, "In just one shed," Spitz says, "the rat eating about 50 pounds of food and without obligation, the complete mod- ernized Rice Plan of Reducible Rupture kill was so large that the men couldn't apiece each year. Besides human food- Control. Now in daily use by thousands who work because of the overpowering odor. stuffs, they gorge themselves on just say they never dreamed possible such secure, dependable We had to deodorize the shed." A de- about everything, including paint, shoe and comfortable rupture protection. Safely blocks rupture opening, pre- odorizer is necessary when poisoned rats leather, and soap. Enterprising rat col- vents escape, without need for bulky, cum- onies have cut into the bellies of swine, bersome Trusses, tormenting springs or harsh, gouging pad pressure. Regardless of dug turnips from the ground, even how long ruptured, size, occupation, or feasted on the oil-rich toenails of sleeping trusses you have worn. TRY THIS and send your Post Card today. elephants. They have a lust for blood. During the Hungarian uprising, rats ELECTRIC scaled hospital walls and drank the blood SHAVERS Brand new, latest models, fully guaranteed. All orders mailed in 24 hours. LIST OUR of the wounded. MEN'S MODELS PRICE PRICE Norelco "20" Speedshaver. . $19.95. $11.95 Rats gnaw many substances to keep New Ronson "200" 19.95. 11.45 Norelco "30" Floating Head. 29.95 16.45 their incisor teeth sharp and worn down. Ronson "300" Big Daddy.. 31.50. 17.85 "25" New Remington . 29.50 16.45 These teeth grow about five inches a New Schick Super-Speed 29.50. 15.95 Sunbeam "NS5" Shavemaster 26.25 17.45 year. One of the strangest items which Add $1.00 extra for Postage & Sales Tax. Complete refund will be made, if you are not satisfied. Send check or M. 0. to: rats gnaw is the insulation on electric JOHN BROOKS, DEPT. 145, BOX 212, ST. LOUIS 66, M0. wires and cables. A recent survey of 39 cities showed that 530 fires had been ignited this way. In addition, estimates in- MARTINS FLAGS

dicate that 25 % of fires of undetermined t DISPLAYS FOR I ORGANIZATIONS- origin may have been ignited by rats. TOWNS-SCHOOLS-FAIRS The rat's predilection to gnaw under- Prompt shipment. Ask for our colorful WHOLESALE Catalog No. ground electric cables brings a barrel of 64-A MARTIN'S FLAG CO.. FORT DODGE. IOWA headaches. Sometimes the pests electro- cute themselves by chewing down to the bare cable. Consequently, the tunnels PLAY RIGHT AWAY! Even If You Don't Know T \ beneath some of the swankiest avenues a Note of Music Now f " ; "^ while you were " "Some women phoned you it's EASY NOWlearn any insti I wrote the sometimes reek of fried rat for days. Oc- at your Home Making Club. ment. No boring exer- there in the dust." cises. Play real pieces numbers casionally pedestrians catch a whiff of by notes right away. Amazing progress, at the foul odor. home, in spare time. No teacher. Low Cost! 1,250,000 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE students. Write for 3 G -page FREE BOOK. U. S. School of Music, Studio 4610, Port Washington, L. I., N. Y. Charles E. Hoppin of New York's (Estab. 1898.) Lie, N. Y. State Educa. Dept. Tear out. are inside the walls and almost impossi- Con Edison Co. told this writer that his TURN 58c INTO $6.00 CASH PROFIT ble to find. company attributed 18 cable failures to IN TIME-METALIZING Today Port Houston's rat problem has rats gnawing on the cable sheath in 1963. AT HOME SPARE Now you can invest 58c in material and get back $6.95 been brought under control, but Spitz Through April of this year there had and make $6.00 for your time in this fascinating home business. Hundreds make good extra money in side- been nine additional cases. It cost about and his crew continue to maintain con- line work. So Easy— so much Fun! "Eternalize" baby stant vigilance. Without regular preven- $30,000 to replace the damaged cable shoes, other keepsakes. Big market everywhere. No face-to-face selling. Write for facts FREE, plus fi- tive control measures the port could be- in those 27 instances. To date, no lasting nancing plan. No obligation. No salesman will call. WARNER ELECTRIC, 1512 Jarvis, Dept. M8LL Chicago 26, III. come reinfested within six months. solution has been developed for this con- Airports, too, maintain constant vigi- tinuing problem. lance—mostly through professional rat- Con Edison, however, recently solved BORROW BY AIRMAIL exterminating experts. At Boston's Lo- one rat-caused problem, thanks to an $4400 46 gan International Airport, for example, employee's suggestion. Work crews fre- K?*1008 fumigators and exterminators visit the quently had been harassed by marauding terminal at least twice a month. Rubbish rats when they worked in manholes and and garbage are collected daily. Rat con- other places. The suggestion was to spray EXAMPLE with scents repugnant to ro- trol depends 60% to 70% upon regular these areas Cash You Get Repay Monthly YOU NEED ONLY HAVE A STEADY INCOME sanitary control. dents. At first the odor of a ferret, a rat's TO QUALIFY. Simplified transaction is han- $82740 $3700 dled entirely by airmail; you receive your used. however, money in a few days Your friends, employer $93069 $4100 Several years back a tricky rat natural enemy, was Now, lot know of the loan. Take this just a whiff of synthetic skunk odor $100846 $4400 grounded a 44-passenger airliner at Chi- BANKERS INVESTMENT CO., 1 I X

Banker! in. Bids . Hutchinson, Kans. C750T cago's Midway Airport for several days. keeps rats at a distance. Work crews AMOUNT I NEED spray guns loaded with the concoc- Mr. Geo. Gustaf son. Asst. V.P. The rodent, dubbed Rudolph by United carry BANKERS INVESTMENT CO, " X Bankers ln». Bide., Hutchinson, Kans. 67501 all efforts tion and spray it in rat-infested areas. Air Lines employees, evaded PlMit mm "Loan Abetment" in plain tnvelopi. with their to flush him out of the plane's fuselage. The men then safely proceed Name Age. Doubtless he could have been poisoned, work. Address . Occupation but that might have meant disassembling Today many public buildings, restau- City 2IP#. the plane to find the carcass. (Continued on page 54) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 53 .

MAN'S ENEMY THE RAT, TODAY the technical capabilities of most farmers New Table Top Invention Puts You In . . (Continued from page 53) or other non-trained personnel. The only PROFITABLE RUBBER realistic way to control these rats is to rants, markets, factories, warehouses, hire a trained exterminator. Even some meat-packing plants and consumer food STAMP BUSINESS small farmers now hire these experts. Home Operators plants are rat protected by professional now make The main problem is the lack of trained $9.20 AN HOUR in Busi control experts. No food industry can ness once monopolized by, personnel in many of our more sparsely a few big: companies afford a rat problem. Even if it could, Special rubber stamps brinjy hifrh settled areas." prices — cost onlypennies tomake the preventive measures required by fed- on new, low-cost table top machine. The most discouraging fact about rat Take 27 cents worth of material, eral and state inspection services would make perfect stamps, the kind businesses control is their breeding rate, which and offices now buy by the dozen at $1.80 each. Makeup to keep the problem minimal. Modern type $9.20 an hour. Start in spare time in your own home. Run makes rabbits seem barren. Rats repro- machine on kitchen table usine ordinary electrical outlet. construction, too, makes it almost impos- Make any kind of stamp. We'll send you free information duce the year round and young females without obligation about this established, highly profitable sible for rats to ravage many food-pack- business. We'll even help finance your start. For free produce when only three months old. information send name and address today on a postcard to: ing plants. With a gestation period of 21 days, a Rubber Stamp DIv., 1512 Jarvis Ave., Dept. r s ll . Chicago 26 But stockyard operators face a mam- mother rat bears a litter of from six to OUTFIT STARTS YOU IN rat control problem. moth The rodents 19 young anywhere from four to ten big money SHOE BUSINESS! find stockyards especially attractive be- times a year. A rat colony potentially Run your own profitable 'shoe store' cause of vast amounts of available food business from home in spare or full could increase at the rate of 6.1 % a day! We give you—FREE— com- time. and many harborages such as sewers. Although most health departments plete Starting Outfit that makes you $217.00 EXTRA each month According to Luther J. Thompson, vice and everyone else agree that rats should for just 2 easy orders a day. You president and general manager the feature 275 fast-selling dress, of be eliminated, they frequently have sport, work shoe styles for men Union Stock Yards Co. of Omaha, "Rats neither the funds nor personnel required and women. Air-cushion shoes, many other special features! EEEE. Draw on 300,000 can be controlled but it is hard work and Sizes 2'/2 to 16—widths AAAA to for effective control. William F. Rapp, Your own shoes FREE. Discounts to your fam- pair stock. costs a lot of money." ily Prizes, bonuses—even a new car—at no cost to you. Entomologist at Nebraska's Department

Rush postcard for your FREE Starting Outfit today. . . Now! of Health says, "It is my experience and MASON SHOE, Dept. F-414, CHIPPEWA FALLS, WIS. 1964, rats continue to overrun In feeling that the rat problem today is far farms. They gobble millions of tons more serious than in the early 1950's." of grain annually—and pollute about ten Entomologist D. F. Ashton of the Are you miserable with pain and aches of leg ulcers, swelling, itch, rash due to deep venous times more. They destroy thousands of ] North Carolina State Board of Health I congestion or leg swelling bulged veins or in- of baby chicks. They attack broilers and I juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that says that probably his state has one rat

I works as you walk. Easy to use. Money-back even adult hens. They have seriously in- for each person or about AVi million of I guaranteed trial. Send for FREE BOOK today. L. E. VISCOSE COMPANY jured baby pigs, lambs, and calves. The the pests. Prof. Harold Gunderson be- 1 100 W. Chicago Ave., Chicago 10, III. diseases rats carry endanger the health of lieves rats are kept under control on the farmer and his livestock. Leptospiro- about 30% of Iowa's farms and in some TIRED OF WORKING sis, spread by rats, has little respect for 15% of the cities. "On other farms and

FOR SOME ONE ELSE? a $ 1 0,000 bull, a fine dairy cow or a calf. towns," he says, "control is done by pe- Send name for wonderful Free Book. Shows It has been estimated that each rat on a riodic baiting. In my opinion, this peri- how to start your own business in spare time farm takes from the farmer's while holding job — how to build. We finance $22 odic or haphazard program is not effec- you for all but a few hundred dollars. Nat'l. pocket. tive control." advtg. brings you prestige and work. Write — factor GRANT MALIK, 4-190 Duraclean Bldg., Deerfield, Illinois Jerry H. Young, Extension Entomolo- One generally overlooked in at- LEARN gist at Oklahoma State University, says, tempting to control rats is that as the "Generally speaking, rat control on a human population expands and cities MEAT CUTTING large farm storing lots of grain exceeds grow, the balance of nature is upset. Civ-

I Train quickly in 8 short weeks at i Toledo for a bright future with security A in the vital meat business. Big pay. A full-lime jobs—HAVE A PROFITABLE m MARKET OF YOUR OWNI Pay after >\ graduation. Diploma given. Job help.

J.O.B. Inc. is the unique non profit placement agency for disabled men and women. Many employers who hire J.O.B. candidates have learned about the contributions of skill, energy and judgment that qualified disabled persons bring to the job. See for yourself ...next time hire an experienced disabled employee. For information call Gaftf the J.O.B. nearest you or write: J.O.B. inc. 717 First Avenue "Seems like only yesterday he was learning to walk. Tell me, did he ever make it?" New York. N. Y. 10017 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 ilization destroys habitats for wild animals and so decreases the number of hawks, skunks, foxes, snakes and other I but it does not hinder How rodent enemies— Made the rat. Rather it favors the rat's continued existence by providing more ideal conditions for him.

how many rats the United 1-000,000 Just States supports seems to be a moot point. Some experts believe the number equals or exceeds the human population. Professor Gunderson believes that that In Mail Order might have been true 25 years ago, but feels confident that in 1964 the total hu- by E. Joseph Cossman man population in the country is about twice the number of rats. "However," he says, "this means that all our efforts have Would you like to make $1000 a day—day after day—in your own mail order business ? Starting at just about held the rat population even home week-ends, without giving up your regular job ? Would you like to see cash, checks and money orders come pouring into your with that of 25 years ago." home, sometimes as much as $5000 in a single day? Walter W. Dykstra of the United That's exactly what you can do with the help of a new book I have just writ- States Fish and Wildlife Service places ten. I started out using my kitchen table for an office and today I have a mail order fortune of a million dollars. This gold-mine of a book shows you how you can start with nothing but an idea and parlay it into more cash than you ever dreamed of. Where and how to find a product to sell by mail. How to find out if people will buy your product before you spend a single dime producing it. How to weed out clinkers and spend money only on tried and proven sellers. After you've found a successful product, the book shows you how to produce it at rock-bottom cost with "insider" tips and tricks. You won't be spending a cent on production until cash-in-advance orders have started pouring in. It's

"mail order magic" you can put to work for you . . . mail order "know-how" you can use to start from scratch and build a personal fortune just as I did. My book helps you to do everything from finding a product and picking a brand name for it ... to writing the short, simple ads that sell it. You get samples of 35 super-successful mail order ads that each sold at least a million of each product. One of my little ads has pulled one million eight hundred and ten thousand orders (yes, that's 1,810,000). And the product sold for $1.00 each! You'll find the exact words of this amazing ad right in the book.

You'll see how easy it is to organize your own mail order company. How to license and register your company. How to get a box number. How to keep records. How to handle your simple tax problems. There's nothing to it when you know the ropes, and this book shows you the ropes. Best of all, the book shows you how to branch out—how to go from one successful product to a whole line of big sellers. How to take in the cash from the country's rat population at about 1 00 product after product, idea after idea, money-maker after money-maker. million. While enormous numbers of Mail order is the only business in the world that offers virtually endless them are trapped and poisoned, Mr. possibilities without great risk or expense. Just starting with one product and working in your spare time, with the system explained in this book, you can Dykstra says that 40 rats are born every make as much as $1,000 a day—maybe even more. I know it's true because I did second or a day! — 3,456,000 it and so can you! A rat-free society seems almost impos- Editor's Note: Joe Cossman, President of E. Joseph Cossman and Company, is sible. "I do not believe we will ever eradi- one of the most successful men in the mail order world. He has pushed a small string of products to gigantic sales, by means of a simple system of his own devising. He cate rats, at least in the foreseeable fu- spells out his system in the book. In the last six years alone his mail order products ture," says Gunderson. "They are cun- have sold over four million dollars worth of business! Today he continues to break into new fields ... is selling his products by mail to brand-new customers all over ning, adaptable, prolific omnivorous. and the world. So we must continue to fight them." "How I made $1,000,000 in Mail Order" is available for ten days no risk examination. The rat continues his depredations, Mail coupon below together with your check or money order for $5.95. If you are spreading death and disease, biting about not completely satisfied simply return for full $5.95 refund. 35,000 Americans annually, and bring- Available Only At This Womrath's Store ing destruction and waste in his wake. ------MAIL NO RISK COUPON TODAY ------It is safe to predict that rats will still WOMRATH'S — Lexington Dept AL 10 be exacting a dreadful toll in 1974, in 1144 Lexington Ave. (at 79th St.) New York 21, N. Y. 1984, in 2,000 A. D., perhaps ad in- finitum. If there's a clever way to wipe Please rush me a copy of HOW I MADE $1,000,000 IN MAIL ORDER for a ten-day no risk trial. I enclose $5.95. I understand I may return the book within 10 days if I am not satisfied in any entirely, them out man, who is so smart way for full $5.95 refund. that he's now planning to go to the moon, has not come up with it in recorded his- Name tory. NASA, the space agency, reports that rats are no particular problem Address around the launching pads at Cape Ken- nedy. But if rats keep going wherever City Zone State man goes we may need rat traps on the Enclosed $5.95 moon if we don't watch out. the end THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 55 ) .

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My waist measure is new Height Increase Pads in any pair of Business—even without prior experience Nome shoes. Cloudy-comfortable felt and foam —just as the professionals. Members have rubber (invisible); switch in and out of all run ads in national magazines for as low Address shoes. State shoe size. $2.95 pair, ppd. as $9.80. Write for complete details and City Zone State HUDSON INDUSTRIES, Dept. AL-104, 550 free confidential Mail Order Profit Letter. Q Save money. Enclose money now and we pay Fifth Ave.. New York 36. N. Y. RESPONSE! INC., Dept. AL, 361 Broadway. postage. Same money-back guarantee. New York, N. Y.

M'GREGOR COIS LIVE SEAHORSES <1 EACH "Clip Magnifiers KING-SIZE! On" Order a live Seahorse shipped to you from Flor- ida for only $1 each, or send $2 for a Mated Pair. ( Include 25c postage, all orders.) Get started with this inter-

esting hobby . . . fascinating project for young FOR BIG OR TALL MEN ONLY and old. Raise them in an ordinary goldfish Clip these MAGNIFIERS on your regular pre- McGregor Jackets, Slacks, Sweaters all extra long. bowl or jar. Most un- scription glasses. SEE CLEARER INSTANTLY. Dress, Sport Shirts with bodies 4" longer, sleeves to 38 usual and intriguing to Read fine print. Do close work easily. Neat, white Also 43 SMART SHOE STYLES in Sizes 10 AAA to 16 EEE watch. Hours of fun . . metal frame fits all glasses. 10-Day Home Trial. Hush Puppies, Boots. Oress, Sport, Casual shoes. Mail see the FATHER Sea- SATISFACTION GUARANTEED. Send no money. only. 100% Guaranteed Send for FREE 3? Page CATALOG. horse give birth to live On arrival pay postman only $4. plus C.O.D., King-Size, Inc., Forest St Brockton, baby 7554 , Mass Seahorses! Free food and Instructions Included. or send $4. and we pay postage. Order from Live delivery guaranteed. SPECIAL OFFER: Order 2 Mated Pairs for $2.98. Precision Optical Co. FLORIDA SEAHORSE CO., Dept. LE- 1 . Box 300, Miami Beach 39, Florida Dept. 34-M. Rochelle, Illinois

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Here is a most useful gift for any smoker. This pistol shaped cigarette lighter is precision made by skilled plus WORLDWIDE COLLECTION — craftsmen in Western Europe, and unconditionally LEST WE FORGET! Complete Ken- 100 DIFFERENT STAMPS IN ALL guaranteed to give years of practical service. Pull the trigger and out comes your cigarette, now pull nedy Memorial Collection. Includes a handsomely SPECTACULAR NEW COLLECTION, free! From the bound pictorial chronology of the events that led Far East, explosive Africa, exciting Europe — the trigger again, and a bright flame appears for yo ur from lands of romantic safaris, up to and preceded our beloved President's death, oriental bazaars, light. Fits your pocket or purse without being bulky. mysterious sheiks. EXOTIC NEW ISSUES: space an authentic parchmentized reproduction of his This item is also available in assorted colours for the explorers, weird Nile monuments, Shakespere historical inaugural address suitable for framing, ladies at no extra charge. Order now on our famous festival, Olympic sports, Abu Dhabi, Malaysia, plus the famous Kennedy memorial half dollar and Pitcairn, Israel, many more. PLUS colorful 10 day free trial. If not 100°^ delighted after 10 day s, postage stamp beautifully mounted. A wonderful older varieties showing ferocious beasts, far places, simply return for your full refund of the purchase gift idea, the complete set only $6.95 postpaid. beautiful women. Rush 10^ hdlg. today for this price. To order, send cash, cheque, or money order Satisfaction guaranteed or your money refunded. valuable collection, approval offers. fcr plus 25c shipping charges to : Portion of proceeds donated to Kennedy Memorial $2.75 Foundation. The Americana Company, 5225 Wil- GARCELON STAMP COMPANY shire Blvd., Los Angeles, Calif. Dept. AL-1 Dept. OALX, Calais, Maine ELLBARR DIST. dept. c. l. 10 BOX 502, NIAGARA FALLS, N.Y.

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 SEPTIC TANK TROUBLES? — Reactivator LEARN TO upholster at home. Free illus- ACCORDION SAVINGS up to Vz or more keeps septic tank and cesspool clean, pre- trated book shows how to upholster mod- on famous Italian makes. Choose from vents overflow, back-up, odors, saves cost- ern sofas, chairs, footstools, etc., and how over 40 standard and electronic models. ly pumping or digging. Just mix dry pow- to make a fine spare time income or work Easy payment terms & trade-in allowances. der in water, flush. Non-poisonous, non- into high paying job. Complete set of tools, 5-day no risk home trial. Free catalogs & caustic. 6 months' supply $3.35; full year's materials for room of furniture incl. discount price list. Money back guarantee. supply $6.00, ppd. Northel, Dept. AL-10, MODERN UPHOLSTERY INSTITUTE, Box ACCORDION CORP. OF AMERICA, Dept. Box U03, Minneapolis, Minn., 55440 899 CE. Orange, California. A-104, 5535 W. Belmont, Chicago 41, III.

Proudly display military medals, ribbons, badges and insignias in our famous Showcase. Solid walnut or maple frame; also antique gold or silver. Glass front. Stands or hangs. Plush background in black or any color. Name, dates, etc. MORE BRILLIANT than DIAMONDS says Reader's Di- engraved— per letter. 5$ gest, SatEvePost about this new, man-made Army, Navy, USAF, USMC, jewel Titania! For settings of your choice only etc. Insignia engraved $12 per carat; a 1-ct man's box 14K ring is only ?2 .00 ea. $35; m'lady's 1-ct fishtail a mere $27. All prices Rush gifts shipped same day, year 'round. plus 10% tax. Write for FREE HANDY RING Ml <3"x8"> for 1-3 medals ppd. $8.95 SIZE 48 M3 <16"xl2") for 3-20 medals $12.50 ppd. CHART & PAGE FULL COLOR M7 <20"xl7") for 15-50 medals $18.00 ppd. JEWELRY CATALOG. TEN DAY MONET BACK GUARANTEE 74 AWARD MAKER SiS^K ' t^jtTH^nm Lapidary Company Dept. i 511 EAST 12 STREET • NEW YORK 9, N. Y.

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I *«*"** ^/Monroe . _ Adaptor FOLDING BANQUET TABLES for all Hearing Aid Batteries . . . $3.98 ppd. Churches, schools, clubs, lodges your organ- — Batteries for radios, toys, flashlights, tape recorders, ization, too, can order modern Monroe Folding etc. brought back to full crackling power by miracle Tables at our tt direct-from-factory, money- Dynamic Home Battery Charger. Same power & perform- saving prices! Complete stock of models, ance as brand new batteries for any make; any size, styles and sizes. Attractive savings on chairs, from l'/2 -volt flashlight to 9-volt electronic; any type, storage trucks, partitions, risers, etc. Send including carbon-zinc, alkaline, nickel cadmium, mer- today for FREE 40-page catalog! cury. Do up to A at a time; if you recharge 1 20c battery times, 15 you SAVE $3 . . . and always have absolutely fresh batteries. Shockproof; charges only with lid closed, UL approved. Plug into any AC outlet. Send check or M.O., no C.O.D. Guaranteed for replacement, repair for 1 year. BARCLAY,

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I THE MONROE CO. 69 church st., colfax, iowa THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . OCTOBER 1964 57 .

The AMERICAN LEGION CLASSIFIED

For rates, write to Classified, Inc.

100 E. Ohio St., Chicago 11, Illinois

B USINESS OPPORT UN ITJE S SALESMEN WANTED MEN- EARN $6.44 HOUR CASH. No selling. No equipment ANYONE can sell famous Hoover Uniforms for beauticians, necessary. No prior experience required. Car furnish3d. Busi- waitresses, nurses, doctors, barbers, others. Miracle fabrics- ness expenses paid. Fill urgent need tor Accident Investigation Nylon, Dacron, Wash 'N Wear cottons. Exclusive styles, top specialist your area. Operate from home—full time or (Turing quality. Big commissions, real future. Equipment FREE. spare hours. All facts Free. Universal, CA-10, 6801 Hillcrest, Hoover U niforms, Dept. S-3030, Textile B l dg. , Cincinnati 2, O.

Dallas 5 , Texas. MAKE BIG MONEY taking orders for Stark DWARF Fruit Appliance Repairing EARN BIG MONEYI Learn Electric at Trees. Everybody can now grow Giant Size Apples, Peaches, home in your spare time. How to use Christy Electronic Pears in their yards. Also Shade Trees, Shrubs, Vines, Roses, Trouble Tracer to make repairs. Make $5— 6 per hour in et c. Out fit FREE. Sta rk B ro's, Desk 30105, Louis ian a, Mo . kitchen or basement. Pay later. Send for FREE BOOK. Christy Trades School, 3214 W. Lawrence Ave., Dept. A-484, SELL ADVERTISING MATCHBOOKS to local businesses. Chicag o 60625. No experience needed— powerful sales kit free. Part, full- time. Match Corporation of America, Dept. EX-104, Chicago $5,000 For Part Of Your Free Time. Your own business. Free 32. selling outfit. Opportunity to profit 8 ways including cash EDUCATION-INSTRUCTION-SCHOOLS commissions, monthly bonus, bonds, free insurance. Age no Know the Law— IT PAYS! Ask for interesting booklet, "The barrier. 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Free information. Land Corporation, 3768-F now. Full information FREE. Write Liberty School, Dept. Bathurst, Downsview, Ontario, Canada. C-959, 1139 W. Park, Libertyville, Illinois. TABLE GAME (?(/(?& SELL Advertising book matches. Write us today: we put you GOLF played by 32 greatest professionals of all time before in business return mail; handling complete line ad book by your very eyes on real life golf course. Their distance and in every business right in your town! matches demand by No accuracy reproduced identically. for free Write golf brochure. GOODBYE EYEGLASS slip and slide . . . investment; everything furnished free! Top commissions APBA Game Company, Lancaster, Pennsylvania. daily! Superior Match, Dept. JX-1064, 7530 S. Greenwood, Hello Eyeglass Comfy Grip. No more eye Chicago, Illinois 60619. COINS-MONEY strain, headaches, vision impairment. EARN BIG MONEY repairing electrical appliances! Learn TOPS! Free illustrated booklet "How To Collect Coins." Foam-soft cushions hold glasses in place, Plus large illustrated catalog! Approvals. in spare time at home. FREE BOOK. Christy Trades School, LITTLETON COIN prevent irritation and eyeglass marks. In- CO., Littleton 11, New Hampshire. 3214 W. Lawrence, De pt. A-10H, Chicago 60625. conspicuous. $1.00 ppd. for 100 nose and $1 1 ,750 REWARD for certain coins. Pennies, Nickels, EXCEPTIONAL LIFETIME OPPORTUNITY! Non-seasonal Dimes, ear pads. BARCLAY DISTRIBUTORS, Dept. recession proof business. Make your future secure and lucra- Quarters that you may even have in your daily change pay 67-L, 170-30 Jamaica Ave., Jamaica, N. Y. tive. Sell vital and essential product. Every taxpayer potential from $250.00 to $35,000.00. Send $1.00 for valuable Coin repeat customer. Distributors desired throughout United Catalog. Money Back Guarantee. Best Values Co., Dept. States. Profitkeepinq Systems, Box 1633, Florence, S.C. A-898M, 285 Market Street, Newark, New Jersey. HOBBIES JFK Memorial I Superb color photographs! Retails $2. Sample $1.50. Quantity Discounts. "Kennedy", Box 5424, Columbia, LIVE SEAHORSES, marine specimens, aquarium supplies. South Carolina. Illustrated catalog 15c. Box 626-115, Dania, Florida. AGENTS WANTED BUTTERFLIES—assorted— 50 in a pack—Each butterfly in BEAUTY DEMONSTRATORS—To $5.00 hour demon- transparent envelope. $2.40 postpaid—Shipped direct from China. HAVE A PRODUCT TO SELL? strating famous Hollywood Cosmetics, your neighborhood. Taiwan, Free Send remittance: Atkinson, P. Q. Box York. For free samples, details, write Studio Girl, Dept. 56C49, 227-Q, Elbridge, New Glendale, California. PERSONAL-MISCELLANEOUS You'll sell more of 'em, and Independence, BIG 257c COMMISSIONS SPARE TIME! BORROW $1,233 AIRMAIL! Repay $54 for twenty-nine faster in The American Legion Dignity, Selling Calendars, Advertising. AAA1 Firm. Beau- months. State licensed. Postal Finance, Dept. 87-T, Kansas tiful Color Catalog Free! 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W„ Atlanta, Georgia. ferent $1.00. Free with each lot valuable foreign errors. Limit EMBLEMS—BRASSARDS & PATCHES one per customer. Bileski, Station B, Winnipeg, Canada. QUALITY Embroidered Patches. Made-to-order from your PROFITABLE OCCUPATIONS specifications. 1 or more. Order from to 1000 Submit your SCIENTIFIC MASSAGE: Big earnings, uncrowded profes- design for free price quotation. Send for Free catalog. Eastern sion. Learn spare time at home. Diploma awarded. Free Emblem Co., P.O. Box 254, Dept. AL, Jamaica 31, New York. catalog. Write: Anderson School, Dept. M45-C, Princeton, III. INVENTIONS WANTED ADVERTISERS-AGENCIES INVENTIONS wanted: patented, unpatented. Global Market- YOU ARE READING the Classified Section of one of the ing Service, 2420-L 77th. Oakland 5, Cal ifornia. Nation's most responsive markets. These Classified ads are MUSIC-SONGPOEMS shopped by millions of people who respond to Opportunity. POEMS NEEDED for songs. Rush poems. Crown Music, For details write CLASSIFIED, Dept. A-11, 100 East Ohio St., 49- AM West 32, New York 1. Chicago 11, Illinois. DARLING PET MONKEY EACH |

500 ZIP CODE LABELS - 50c Fabulous collection of all-different genuine Airmail world Africa, Start using the new Zip code numbers on your re- Stamps from remote corners of the — Europe, Exotic Orient, everywhere! World's Larg- turn address labels. Any name, address ami Zip code est Airmail, Flying Doctor, Bomber, $2,00 Heli- beautifully printed in black on crisp white gummed This Squirrel Monkey makes an adorable pet and companion. copter, many others. PLUS Collection of thrilling paper. Rich gold trim. Up to 4 lines. 2" long. Set of . . . Sputniks, Jets, fantastic Show it affection and enjoy its company. Almost human with Space-Age stamps 500 labels in plastic box. 50c. Ppd. Fast service. remarkable its warm eyes, your family will love it. These YOUNG monkeys Moon Rocket stamps. Both of these Money-back guarantee. If you don't know the cor- grow about 12 inches high. Eats same food as you, even likes collections — containing stamps worth up to 25( rect Zip code number, just add 10c per set and we lollipops; simple to care for and train. FREE cage, FREE each! — Send only 10?:. Extra: Illustrated Bargain will look it up for any address. Same fast service. leather collar and leash, FREE monkey toy and instructions Catalog and an attractive selection of stamps on

Send for free catalog. included. Live delivery guaranteed. One monkey only $18.95 approval. . . ACT NOW! collect. Mail check or money order for $18.95 to: "Walter Fii-ntf 55l °- 3 Drake BldB - express Jamestown Stamps, Dept. F104AL, Jamestown, N. Y, - WaiXei UlORil Colorado Springs, Colo. 80901 ANIMAL FARM, Dept. L E 1 . Box 1042, Miami Beach 39, Fla. 5g THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 BE A GOVT. HUNTER, game warden, for- FULL-SIZE compact electric guitar, com- GOODBYE RUPTURE MISERY with pat ester. 3 free guides reveal plan to prepare plete with transistorized amplifier & built- ented Comfo-Truss. Just 3'/2 oz. yet gently, men ages 17 up for career in Wildlife- in speaker, pick-up mike, calibrated full- surely holds reducible inguinal hernia. Forestry Conservation. Adventure, public spectrum volume control with on-off Quick one-buckle adjustment. Washable. service, plus good pay, low living cost, switch, lesson book, pick & accessories. $4.95 right or left side, $5.95 double, plus security. Write NORTH AMERICAN CON- $24.95 ppd. Money-back guarantee & 1 250 hdlg. Send measure around lower SERVATION, 941 N. Highland, Dept. 610, year warranty on parts. COMPACT GUITAR, abdomen. KINLEN CO., Dept. AL-104C, 809 Los Angeles 38, Calif. Dept. AL, 23 W. 47th St., New York, N. Y. Wyandotte, Kansas City, Mo. 64105

BE FAMILY ARMS Corns,Callouses, FROM ENGLAND genuinely emblazoned from old TALLER records filed under 100,000 BY 2 FULL Warts Disappear British & European surnames. In relief and full colour on immac- INCHES! ulate OAK WALL SHIELDS for mural decoration. Slip these foam rubber and felt Height In- Or Money Back 7"x6" — $ 9.00 crease Pads in any pair of shoes. Now, step 12"xl0" — $20.00 No matter how long you have suffered from into them to added walking comfort and 2" corns, callouses or warts— the first application of 12"xl4" — $25.00 in height. The same height increase ex- as Alro Salve will banish pain and swelling and soon 22 "xl8" — $40.00 pensive height increasing shoes. These in- cause these hard to remove growths to disappear, visible, interchangeable cushions need no or your money will be refunded without question. postpaid. Your check is returned if the Arms gluing and are an aid to better posture. Do not confuse Alro Salve with any other remedy. cannot be traced. School, Ship, Regimental Durable This formula is different from anything on the and shock absorbing. Thousands now Shields, Trade Marks, etc., similarly reproduced. market, is easy to apply. Do not suffer another worn. State man's or woman's shoe size. day but try Alro Salve without risking a cent. Write Britain direct. Only $2.95 pair, ppd. HUDSON INDUSTRIES, Send $1.30 today to ALRO, 1149 Park Ave., Dept. Dept. AL-104, 550 Fifth Ave., New York 36, N. Y AL-8, Glendale 5, Calif. No COD's. YORK INSIGNIA LTD., YORK, ENGLAND UNUSUAL, PRACTICAL GIFT FOR NEW THE MAN WHO HAS EVERYTHING ALL-PURPOSE IN THE WINDSHIELD COVER I MAGNETS PRIVACY OF YOUR OWN HOME BRAND ;?^$iooobya««# NEW PAYMENTS AS LOW AS $5.61 MONTHLY depending on amount borrowed Powerful Va" rubber- coated magnets provide CASH WANT building hours of fun toys, houses, doodles, etc. Prac- This confidential Borrow-By-Mail per- Amount 24 Monthly tical, too . . . as markers, to hold notes to metal sur- sonal plan provides cash for any of Loan Payments face, hundreds of uses in home, office, factory. Send purpose. Borrow in check or M.O.; no C.O.D's. Money-back guarantee. complete privacy $100 $ 5 61 by mail no matter where you live. $300 $16.83 Borrow on your good name only. No $500 $27.73 STOP endorsers, no agents will call, no Put a windshield cover Amount 30 Monthly on your car when you park red tape, just fast service. Repay of Loan Payments outside. in One size protects any make or model of THAT LEAK! convenient monthly payments to $600 $36.33 fit your needs. Details sent in plain windshield or rear window from frost. Simple to use Set of 12 ball sealers in $1000 $44.39 _ assorted sizes. envelope. No obligation. Inquire now! —unroll, tie tapes to door handle; to remove, un- 12 for roll, slip into handy storage cylinder included— and No fuss, no muss. Just drop one of I* Budget Finance Co., Dept'pETfoT' these ball sealers into any standard drive off safely | 317 So. 20th, Omaha, Nebr. with FROST-FREE windows. Buy size faucet and presto!— no more leak. two, protect your rear window. Heavy duty plastic Lasts many times longer than old I Name style washer. will not freeze or crack. Only each, postpaid. 59' ppd. Address $1.98 24 for $1 ppd. j No C.O.D., please. I City .State. BARCLAY, Dept. 67-L, 170-30 Jamaica Av, Jamaica, N.Y B. J. GOULD CO. Grand Coulee, Wash. J^Age Occupation. .J THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 59 "

WAYWARD TRAVELER He who hesitates is not only lost— he's miles from the next freeway exit. Leo Farrf.il, ]r. PARTING J.

SO, WHAT DID YOU EXPECT? There was a young lady named Hopper Who minded her Mommer and Popper SHOTS well. And behaved very So there's no more to tell For this limerick's perfectly proper. DlRCK I'OORE

DOCTORATE A psychiatrist is one who tries to find out what's kooking. H. E. Martz

GATHER WE ROSEBUDS Wise are we to reflect On a fact we cannot blink: Sooner than we expect It is later than we think! May Richstone

UNIVERSAL AILMENT An epidemic among middle-aged women:

fallen archness. .

Gf.or<;e Mi i RisiN

THE USUAL CHANNELS If your tastes and your cash have a gap in between, Which you're trying to borrow your "That's charmin', suh—but where in thunder is my regular bugler?" way through, Blow your nose, mister, and see that it's clean, For that's what you're going to pay through. "SLIGHT DIFFERENCE" Herbert Warfel When a reporter on a small southwestern newspaper filed a story with UNTRANSPORTED his editor, telling about a disastrous ranch lire in the area, he reported A car-crazy lad is one who feels he's not an incredible loss of 2025 cows. The editor, unable to accept the figure, ahead as long as he's afoot. called the rancher. S. S. Biddle "You the rancher who had the fire that wiped out 2025 cows?" inquired the editor. "Yeth" answered the rancher. LEAPS AND BOUNDS adjustments to survive; Turning back to the story, the editor changed the copy to read: "two One makes Obstructing progress doesn't pay. sows and twenty-five cows." So if your wife should want to drive, Lucille J. Goodyear Do not stand in her way. Suzanne Douglass VOICE OF EXPERIENCE The daughter of a woman who ran a boarding house was beginning to fall in love with a young man rooming there. "Stay away from him,'' exclaimed her mother. "I'm willing to bet he's a married man." "But, mother," replied the girl, "he swears he's single." "I don't care." said the mother. "He acts married. Every time he pays me. he turns his back when he opens his wallet!" Dan Bennett

UNUSUAL SCHOOL The girl wanted to be a cheerleader so she enrolled in a cheerlead- ing school. The first course she signed up for was Rah Rah Rah 101. But her first day in class, the teacher spent the entire hour lecturing on Sis Boom Bah. The girl raised her hand and asked, "Sir, why are you lecturing on Sis Boom Bah? Isn't this Rah Rah Rah 101?" "No," said the teacher, "that's a course of a different holler." Philip Thomas

POETRY IN MOTION Sportsman, admiring the winner: "Say, jockey, you sure upset the race—how did your horse come to win?" "Well," replied the jockey, "I just kept whispering in his ear, 'Roses are red, violets are blue—horses that lose are made into glue.'

Gottfried R. von Kronen berger ... We goofed . . . It's delicious!" 60 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • OCTOBER 1964 \

PourThe Sure One

Better whiskey has to make better drinks Neat,on-the-rocks, or with mixers-

7 Crown is America's first choice by far.

It never lets you down.

Say Seagram's and be Sure

SEAGRAM-DISTILLERS COMPANY, N.Y.C. BLENDED WHISKEY, 86 PROOF, 65 % GRAIN NEUTRAL SPIRITS Modern filter here lift* D< Filter-Blend up front

Winston is the filter cigarette with flavor . .the best flavor in filter smoking.

Change to Winston. . .America's largest-selling filter cigarette, by far!

WinStOII tastes g00d...like a cigarette should!

( (c)IH61 " J. Reynold! ToblCCO Company. Winslon-Salcm. N .