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Foundation Document, Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia

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Foundation Document, Cumberland Gap National Historical Park, Kentucky, Tennessee and Virginia NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document Cumberland Gap National Historical Park Kentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia March 2016 Foundation Document To Pineville (site of To 119 historic Cumberland Ford) To Corbin THE NARROWS PINE and PINE MOUNTAIN 75 STATE RESORT k P ee u MOUNTAIN PARK C L r c U I L C k H l M L il e R E tt B U M C E A r R L ee L Varilla k A R N E B V r D RI o w D N R A n P L i a IV R e t 119 E s h E C R B F r o M e r U e k C k Oaks k 190 25E ree lear C C Calvin Flag Top 2295ft 700m 1825ft L H k I S e 565m re T 1534 C T A L N s E N Brownie T A I I 987 B L N W N A C K M O U KENTUCKY RIDGE il A nno l a n ia C C m Cubage STATE FOREST reek 1344 T C s To Martins Fork Lake Ferndale D E A B N O r S a H R L n 1871ft I k a U c 987 A e n h 570m R e c r e O X 2130ft M C s S ies Creek 649m i n C C l w l ro M r C B e R B u e r ive b R r w k a d I a an n mberl o E Cu l D g G c l e rk h Fo e ns C i C rt Y N G a O r I M CANNON CREEK e A A e T L LAKE E k N U F 217 O M Y S H K U k R e B e C r C C O Hensley Hensley U r Cemetery M a HENSLEY Martins B R Camp E N e R I l KENTUCKY k SETTLEMENT Fork L A N Sand T A C r D U N Y o M O K Cave C F White Rocks TU e r N l Meldrum ea B KE t Cl R A I White Rocks Overlook IA t id L E IN i g S Shillalah Creek e T M E A RG L k rail D O W S HITE RO VI trailhead e Chadwell Gap Chadwell Gap W CKS ail e C Tr r Ew eek C Trail i S r n l C 3385ft T g e h h h ra a la il a C i l 1032m L 188 l la la C A P A r l il l I R r e a i R K 3513ft h F e l S h 217 a O k o S 1071m e rk k h re Y T C E S n L I dia L SHILLALAH CREEK H In A V WILDLIFE il ra 688 e T L K D 988 B MANAGEMENT dg Bran i c E R A h Hutch e y E A e AREA r N D R B P Civic Park R D r O h C e a No trailers allowed c B n O P O To 81 K v R c n ra i h I O V l n s N Butchers O A L L E Y a and Bristol W E T R r R c G D 2819ft Gap h R B O A V L a A A G L I r 859m L L E E g E S d Y R I D G D L N in Y 988 I e 690 690 r Route of the E V n G nch D a ra 724 Wilderness Road l B o E ure P R La Gibson Gap 3486 A G Wilderness Road Ewing Sugar Run Pen State Park C dle Caylor h D to a n n c H e N a B 58 s h r 684 ian r Ind Cr l B c ee a A E a k N r n k n Y K G n a I C L James Boone e a R D 441 U c n S r T I e h o u N A Memorial c S I R C r E R B K N h A a u g I o C G (killed 1773) s d a E g I R Y M i w r T V T a E v R B e r r un L Wheeler a e a a Tr R a n k i N L M Pinnacle Road i D l u l h a n M B A B c c B MIDDLESBORO closed to trailers Lewis Hollow e h r U Gap Tra V e i a n r U i n n l B n a 25E and vehicles over Trail e a 441 o r c r s a w C R n n h 20 feet long. ib B B O Skylight c o c BASIN G h l r 74 O h l a 1 Middlesboro- Cave k k 9 n e W O e c t M l d c i Bell County Y e a h i O r P h C o L a L R Airport Cumberland r n S s T L Statio es t n O r Gap e er e g MIDDLESBORO id H ild e 1600ft R W t S I e 488m f th W o Pinnacle E te L u Ro 74 Overlook 2440ft D G E 58 Gibson VIRGINIA R I 744m K S Station O O R Visitor Center Bartlett Park B VIRGINIA Park Headquarters CUMBERLAND Entrance for GAP Cumberland Wilderness Road TENNESSEE D Gap Campground and Tunnel Picnic Area 186 il N ra T d 25E eek n Cr E A a n l tio K r ta LA e SHAWANEE S North L b K E N T U C K Y m 0 1 2 Kilometers R u C Tiprell T E N N E S S E E E 0 1 2 Miles N I ER B Lincoln n F Memorial d i University a Hiking trail Parking area Picnic area Primitive campsite M n E and or overlook HARROGATE G Abraham U C Lincoln r D Museum e I Hiking and Campground k C N e e k bicycle trail re I E R C A llow E Ye T G tle Y G it N D R L E Trailhead Guide U I O O L F RG Pinnacle Overlook Sugar Run Picnic Area Civic Park trailhead Wilderness Road Picnic Area M a L p Ridge Trail Sugar Run Trail (lower trail) Ewing Trail Lewis Hollow Trail L C A (to Gibson Gap, Hensley (access to Ridge Trail) (access to Ridge Trail, (access to Skylight Cave and L r TENNESSEE Y e V Settlement, Chadwell Sand Cave, and White Ridge Trail) E e W E k Gap, and White Rocks) Sugar Run trailhead Rocks) O L P L Sugar Run Trail (upper trail) L L 63 Iron Furnace (access to Ridge Trail) Chadwell Gap trailhead Wilderness Road Campground E Tennessee Road Trail Green Leaf Nature Trail A R Chadwell Gap Trail V W E (to historic pass and access Shillalah Creek trailhead (to Ridge Trail and Honey Tree Spur Nature Trail O PO IV to Tri-State Peak Trail) P Arthur WELL R Shillalah Creek Trail Hensley Settlement) Gibson Gap Trail R (to Hensley Settlement) (access to Ridge Trail) O To Tazewell, 81 , Knoxville, and To LaFollette and 75 P O Great Smoky Mountains National Park Cumberland Gap National Historical Park Contents Mission of the National Park Service 1 Introduction 2 Part 1: Core Components 3 Brief Description of the Park 3 Park Purpose 5 Park Significance 6 Fundamental Resources and Values 7 Other Important Resources and Values 9 Interpretive Themes 10 Part 2: Dynamic Components 11 Special Mandates and Administrative Commitments 11 Special Mandates 11 Assessment of Planning and Data Needs 12 Analysis of Fundamental Resources and Values 12 Analysis of Other Important Resources or Values 26 Identification of Key Issues and Associated Planning and Data Needs 31 Planning and Data Needs 33 Part 3: Contributors 38 Cumberland Gap National Historical Park 38 NPS Southeast Region 38 NPS Denver Service Center, Planning Division 38 Appendixes 39 Appendix A: Enabling Legislation and Legislative Acts for Cumberland Gap National Historical Park 39 Appendix B: Inventory of Administrative Commitments 44 Appendix C: Basics for Wilderness Stewardship 50 Appendix D: Past and Ongoing Park Planning and Data Collection Efforts 59 Appendix E: Public Outreach Summary 60 Foundation Document Cumberland Gap National Historical Park Mission of the National Park Service The National Park Service (NPS) preserves unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the national park system for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations. The National Park Service cooperates with partners to extend the benefits of natural and cultural resource conservation and outdoor recreation throughout this country and the world. The NPS core values are a framework in which the National Park Service accomplishes its mission. They express the manner in which, both individually and collectively, the National Park Service pursues its mission. The NPS core values are: · Shared stewardship: We share a commitment to resource stewardship with the global preservation community.
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