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The Strategy for the Snowy River Increased Flows 2014-15 and Defining Cultural Water Requirements

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The Strategy for the Snowy River Increased Flows 2014-15 and Defining Cultural Water Requirements SNOWY RIVER RECOVERY: SNOWY FLOW RESPONSE MONITORING AND MODELLING PROGRAM The strategy for the Snowy River Increased Flows 2014-15 and defining cultural water requirements This factsheet outlines the relationship between Flow management in the Snowy the release strategy for the Snowy River The Snowy Water Inquiry Implementation Deed Increased Flows (SRIFs) for 2014-15 and the (2002) sets the framework for water recognition of the traditional people of the management in the Snowy Mountains. The Snowy Mountains. NSW Office of Water manages the Specifically this fact sheet: environmental water on behalf of the NSW, • Identifies the key aboriginal groups that Victorian and Commonwealth Governments. have a connection to the waterways of the The NSW Government is also seeking to change NSW Snowy Mountains. the Snowy Corporatisation Act 1997 to allow a • Initiates the recognition of cultural water in greater aboriginal representation in future the Snowy Mountains, by naming environmental water management in the Snowy components of the 2014-15 flow regime. Mountains. • Initiates the development of key cultural The annual allocations are dependent on water objectives. climate, but the 2002 Deed defines a target environmental water allocation to be delivered The traditional aboriginal knowledge system of to (i) Snowy River Increased Flows- 212 the Snowy River has been identified as a gigalitres per year (1 gigalitre = 1 billion litres), mechanism to (i) gain a longer-term (ii) Snowy Montane Rivers Increased Flows- 118 understanding of the river system and improve GL per year and the Murray River Increased the rehabilitation ecological end-points by Flows- 70 GL per year (Figure 1). understanding the river condition prior to river development, (ii) provide greater recognition of Figure 1. Location of the (i) Snowy, (ii) Snowy Montane and (iii) Murray River Increased Flow the requirements of aboriginal communities and release points. (iii) provide greater involvement by the aboriginal communities to protect and enhance LAKE BURRINJUCK the Snowy River below Jindabyne. M u r r u m b i d g e e C a t c h m e n t The Snowy cultural water project was commissioned by the NSW Office of Water in A .. C .. T order to: River Goodradigbee • Incorporate and integrate the traditional knowledge with the contemporary science TANTANGARA DAM M to improve our long-term understanding of ur ra y R iv er the Snowy River. M u r r a y River Murrumbidgee r C a t c h m e n t e iv R KHANCOBAN DAM i • h Work with the Aboriginal community to (i) e LAKE EUCUMBENE � e G S ISLAND BEND DAM w a GEEHI RESERVOIR . revise the ecological objectives and (ii) m y R � LAKE JINDABYNE p w y no P S GUTHEGA DAM la Jindabyne in develop cultural water objectives for the s � R . Dalgety Snowy River. S n o w y R i v e r C a t c h m e n t Snowy (SRIF) Snowy Montane (SMRIF) & Murray (MRIFs) River Increased Flows. www.water.nsw.gov.au The strategy for the Snowy River Increased Flows 2014-15 and defining cultural water requirements The 2014-15 annual targeted volume of 156.7 • The need to link relevant cultural and GL from Jindabyne Dam is the second largest environmental water objectives. since the program began in 2002. This annual • The need for greater cultural total represents 15.2% of the Mean Annual representation, and, Natural Flow (MANF) of the Snowy River at • The need gain a longer-term understanding Jindabyne. The 2014-15 daily flow release of the waterways in the Snowy Mountains strategy (Figure 2) attempts to mimic the by integrating traditional knowledge with hydrological cues of a Snowy Montane River, contemporary science. such as the Thredbo River. These factors are essential in order to develop a The 2014-15 flow regime provides five winter- holistic and integrated release strategy in the spring high flow events, a strong seasonal signal, Snowy River. and a high degree of daily flow variability Aboriginal people in the Snowy region hold throughout the year (Figure 2). valued cultural and ecological knowledge. This Figure 2. Snowy River below Jindabyne mean cultural understanding includes an intimate daily discharge pattern for 2014-15 (blue), with one knowledge of the natural landscape and the primary (4) and four secondary (1,2,3,5) hourly flow peaks (red dotted lines). associated terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems of 10,000 the Snowy Mountains. Wai – Garl 4 Mean Daily Discharge (ML/day) In recognition of the gap in cultural water 9,000 (River Black Fish) knowledge, the Office of Water is undertaking Peak Discharge (ML) 8,000 consultation with ancestral groups, Aboriginal 7,000 people and Local Aboriginals associated with the waterways in the Snowy Mountains (i.e. Snowy 6,000 River Catchment, Upper Murrumbidgee and 5,000 Upper Murray River systems). 4,000 The project will also attempt to integrate Waawii 2 3 Billa Bidgee Kaap (Water Spririt) (Big Water season) cultural knowledge with traditional science (i.e. Discharge (ML)Discharge 3,000 Djuran 1 the Snowy Flow Response Monitoring and (Running water) 5 Bundrea Nooruun Bundbararn 2,000 (Waterhole Big Lizard) Modelling program). The linkage of contemporary science with aboriginal and 1,000 cultural knowledge will greatly assist our 0 understanding of the waterways in the Snowy 01/May 20/Jun 09/Aug 28/Sep 17/Nov 06/Jan 25/Feb 16/Apr Mountains, as contemporary ecological data have a limited temporal coverage, whereas the Recognition of cultural water cultural knowledge has a much longer temporal requirements in the Snowy and coverage and understanding of these Snowy Montane Rivers waterways. In revising the existing ecological water The project will identify the key cultural water objectives for the Snowy River and developing a objectives and incorporates identification and new water release strategy, the NSW Office of assessment of the water dependent cultural Water identified: assets for potential incorporation into future • The need to inform Aboriginal stakeholders environmental flow releases for the Snowy of the Snowy River Increased Flows and the River. Snowy Montane River Increased Flows The NSW Office of has been working with program, Aboriginal people in the Snowy Mountains, • The need for greater cultural recognition, documenting the traditional significance of including the recognition of the Snowy water and river systems including the belief Rivers Traditional Nations values and systems of Aboriginal people through their oral practises for the preservation of cultural history and cultural knowledge to quantify water dependants values and sites, where specific water requirements to sustain possible within the existing legal framework Aboriginal cultural resources and the future health of the Snowy River. 2 NSW Office of Water, July 2014 The strategy for the Snowy River Increased Flows 2014-15 and defining cultural water requirements Aboriginal communities through oral history Bidwell Maap people have identified the cultural importance of many Djuran (running water) aquatic and riparian species, and the utilitarian use of these resources such as medical and bush The Bidwell-Maap people have lived in tucker plants, within the Snowy Mountains. The Gippsland and Southern NSW for generations, traditional use of plants for medicinal purposes and several hundred people currently belong to and food sources is still being practiced and the Bidwell Nation. knowledge is still passed down from generation The stars, sun, moon, fire, earth and water are to generation. important foundations for the Bidwell-Maap culture. The rhythms of their ancestor’s lives Aboriginal communities were driven by the sun and moon. The sun, land, water and the region’s plants and animals There are essentially five aboriginal provided the essential needs of the Bidwell communities that claim connection to the Maap people. waterways of the Snowy Mountains. These communities are: The Bidwell Maap people stories and song lines describe the creation of the rivers in the • Maneroo-Ngarigo people Snowies. Their creator the “Eagle” emerged • Bidwell Maap people when the Egg Rock split and formed heaven and • Southern Monero people earth, the Copper Head Snake appeared and (Monero Ngarigo / Yuin / Bolga) created the rivers and Djuran (i.e. running • Wongalu people water). • Wiradjuri people Djuran (i.e. running water) was a central part of the Bidwell Maap culture. The Bidwell Maap These five traditional groups are not permanent people fished for eels and turtles and they lived residents of the upper Snowy, but are located and camped beside the region’s rivers and throughout South-Eastern NSW and Eastern estuaries. Running water was a key to the Victoria. Traditionally, these five communities provision of food, it also provided significant would access the Snowy mountains waterways medical treatment opportunities. The running for various purposes. water was seen a significant factor in River health is a major concern of the Aboriginal maintaining the health of the Snowy River and people of this region, who want an active role in the estuary. policy, planning and the management of the Freshwater inputs to estuaries are a natural resources and cultural heritage of the fundamental component of the salinity waterways in the Snowy Mountains, including dynamics and ecosystem processes (i.e. food- the Snowy River. web dynamics) in estuaries. The salinity These five traditional aboriginal groups were dynamics of the Snowy Estuary is an important asked to provide culturally relevant names for factor in the determining the distribution and the environmental water being released to the abundance of many plants and animals in the Snowy River and the Snowy Montane Rivers as lower Snowy. an important step to improve the recognition of The Bidwell Maap people recognise the these cultural connections with water in the importance of higher flows. For example, the high country. high flows allow the salt water fish to migrate Each year these traditional groups travelled long from the estuary to the freshwater reaches of distances to gather in the high country where the Snowy River to shed sea lice.
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