3.0 LĪHU‘E TODAY: NATURAL, BUILT, AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT

3.10.4 Nāwiliwili, Kalapakī, and Niumalu Description Nāwiliwili, Kalapakī, and Niumalu are coastal villag- es that are oriented to Nāwiliwili Harbor. All have ac- cess to Līhu‘e by way of Rice Street and to Puhi by way of Nāwiliwili Road. The three communities are adjacent to one another, but different in character. Kalapakī is a major resort, one of the largest on the island, with the Kaua‘i Marriott. Nāwiliwili is a major port facility with a small boat harbor and industrial area supporting the harbor. Niumalu is a quiet rural and nature preserve at the entrance to the beautiful Hulē‘ia Valley. All three land uses seem visually incompatible with each oth- er but the dominant landscape features of the Hā‘upu Range and Nāwiliwili Bay dwarf them in comparison. No matter where one may be within each community, the landscape is ever present and transcends all built features. The Līhu‘e Plantation Sugar Mill warehouse’s in- dustrial character is seemingly overshadowed by the scale of Hā‘upu range and Nāwiliwili Bay. Kalapakī is the smallest and northernmost of three adjoining ahupua‘a. Nāwiliwili and Niumalu are the oth- er two and the home of ancient Hawaiians who lived along the shore. With the advent of sugar, shipping and trade required a port facility, and a boat landing was built in Kalapakī in 1849 near the mouth of Nāwiliwi- Kalapakī / Nāwiliwili Bay li Stream. Kalapakī remained a residence for the Rice family and Līhu‘e Ranch from 1879 to 1960. Kaua‘i Surf then opened and the site remains today a major desti- tion of a seawall, pier, port terminal and the dredging While the port has many large-scale land and marine Hulemalu Road and Niumalu Road directly across from nation resort with a hotel, conference facilities, and golf of the deep water harbor. The port officially opened in structures, the most dominant built feature is the Līhu‘e Niumalu Park. Further upstream on Hulemalu Road one courses, presently in operation as the Kaua‘i Marriott 1930. Today it is Kaua‘i’s principal port and cruise ship Plantation Bulk Sugar Facility that sits perched above can view ‘Alekoko (or Menehune) Fishpond, which is Resort. terminal. Nāwiliwili Park is the main public open space the piers on a bluff and provides an architectural land- on the National Register of Historic Places. The Hulē‘ia Kaua‘i Marriott is still one of the largest resorts on with access to the seawall and beautiful pedestrian mark and historic reference for the vicinity. National Wildlife Refuge is adjacent to ‘Alekoko and Kaua‘i, and the most centrally located in Līhu‘e. Nāwi- esplanade connection at Kalapakī Beach. A commer- Niumalu is a rural community tucked in behind was established in 1973 to protect wetland habitats for liwili Bay became a harbor with the construction of a cial center is clustered around the mouth of the Nāwi- the small boat harbor near the mouth of the Hulē‘ia endangered Hawaiian waterbirds that nest and feed in breakwater completed in 1921 by Grove Farm founder, liwili Stream and serves the resort and tourist market. Stream. The residential neighborhood is comprised the Hulē‘ia River Valley. George Norton Wilcox. By 1928, he directed construc- The port facilities have industrial and marine uses sur- of predominantly large lots with single family dwell- tion of the port facilities which included the construc- rounding it including the Nāwiliwili Small Boat Harbor. ings. A small hotel, the Kaua‘i Inn, sits at the corner of

62 LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN ed residential development, however apart from these areas, it is recommended that Nāwiliwili maintain its current size and density. Nāwiliwili has been identified as an area that is vul- nerable to the effects of climate change and sea level rise. The LCP recommends measures that can be taken to assess risks and vulnerabilities in Nāwiliwili and con- sider adaption and protection strategies for the critical port infrastructure, retail, beach, park, roads, and resort

facilities that are located there. Niumalu is rural in character with low density residential and agriculture zoning.

Kaua‘i Marriott is still one of the largest resorts on Kaua‘i and the most centrally located in Līhu‘e

Challenges and Opportunities lated for those who live there or visitors that wish to The Nāwiliwili area has much to offer and because venture farther into Līhu‘e. Adding a pedestrian/bicy- of its concentration of port facilities, resort uses, retail, cle path along Nāwiliwili Gulch to Līhu‘e Town could and recreation it is a much-frequented destination. Im- provide connectivity while enhancing recreational ap- provements to Nāwiliwili should enhance its qualities peal. A comfort station and improved parking area at as an attractive, walkable place, with good connectivity Kalapakī Park could enhance recreational opportuni- and transit options to and from Līhu‘e. This can be ac- ties. The LCP calls for improvements to the pedestrian complished by adding transit service, improved pedes- connections between the existing boardwalk at the trian walkways (i.e., Nāwiliwili Gulch), and coastal paths Marriott’s Kaua’i Lagoons resort and the nearby retail from the cruise terminal to the Harbor Mall and nearby shopping centers, including traffic calming measures destinations. Routes to and from the commercial port for pedestrian safety. There may be opportunity to add should be preserved, and improvements to recreation- some housing to certain areas such as the old Līhu‘e al facilities should enhance Nāwiliwili as a draw. Plantation Bulk Sugar Facility site and areas to the west While Nāwiliwili is a destination, it is somewhat iso- in Nūhou that are already slated for golf course-orient-

The Līhu‘e Plantation Bulk Sugar Facility is one of the few remaining iconic buildings Pedestrian esplanade at Kalapakī Nāwiliwili Small Boat Harbor is under the jurisdiction of the Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Boating and Outdoor Recreation. of the sugar plantation period and provides a dominant reference from most vantage points within the harbor.

LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN 63 3.0 LĪHU‘E TODAY: NATURAL, BUILT, AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT

3.10.5 Kapaia 3.10.6 Kīpū The Kīpū area is characterized by agricultural uses Description and open space, including Kīpū Kai, a privately owned Kapaia is a crossroads with specialty retail and coastal reserve held in trust by the John T. Waterhouse services. It is located in the valley between Līhu‘e and Estate. These lands will eventually revert to the State. Hanamā‘ulu. The Kūhiō highway curves as the road Hiking and off-road trails traverse the area. It is rec- descends from Līhu‘e in to the valley and then rises ommended that the area be preserved for agriculture, again towards Hanamā‘ulu. It is also the point at which open space, and recreational uses. Mā‘alo Road goes mauka to the rich agricultural lands of Hanamā‘ulu. 3.10.7 Kālepa Near the northern end of the district, the Depart- Challenges and Opportunities ment of Hawaiian Home Lands (DHHL) owns a 526- Hemmed in by the steep valley of Hanamā‘ulu acre tract of land called Kālepa Homesteads. The area Gulch, Kapaia is not a setting that lends itself to sub- has been designed for eventual buildout of 735 res- Kīpū Kai Kapaia Stitchery stantial development. Kapaia provides a visual inter- idential units, along with a school, parks, community lude to vehicles traveling between Līhu‘e and Hana- center, and district DHHL office. Development of this mā‘ulu along Kūhiō Highway. It is less welcoming from area has no anticipated timeline, and may occur far into a pedestrian standpoint. No pedestrian or bicycle fa- the future, if at all. cilities are provided to access the retail shops found at the crossroads of the Kūhiō Highway and Mā‘alo Road. This area does see pedestrian activity, with a concentration of civic uses (Immaculate Conception church and the Buddhist Temple) and pedestrians trav- eling along the highway to Wilcox Hospital. Further, the bridge does not provide a pedestrian or bicycle cross- ing and traffic accelerates down the hill toward Kapaia in both directions. Pedestrian facilities and traffic calm- ing measures are called for add the needed measure of pleasantness to this neighborhood, which otherwise Kālepa should remain of a small, unobtrusive scale. It is likely that the new Kaua‘i landfill will be located on State land in the mauka area along Mā‘alo Road. Kūhiō Highway at Kapaia If so, and if the truck access continues to be through Kapaia, will be a traffic issue that needs to be mitigated.

64 LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN DRAFT FOR State Land Use Classifications DISCUSSION ONLY

3.11 EXISTING LAND USE & OWNERSHIP 3.11.1 State Land Use Districts The State Land Use Districts consist of Conservation, Agricultural, DRAFT FOR State Land Use Classifications DISCUSSION ONLY Rural, and Urban. The Conservation District comprises over 50% of Kaua‘i island, followed by nearly 40% in the Agricultural District. The Urban District comprises only 4% of the island, and the Rural District is negligible. The Līhu‘e District contains the largest portion (31%) of the is- land’s Urban lands. It ranks second in Agricultural lands (21%) behind

y

w Waimea-Kekaha (32%). Līhu‘e District contains a smaller share (10%) of

H the island’s Conservation lands. Within the Līhu‘e District, more than ō i h half of the land is in the Agricultural district (55%, or 30,208 acres), Kū followed by Conservation (28%, 19,9018 acres) and Urban (8%, 4,588 acres), with no acreage in the Rural District (PBR Hawai‘i 2014). Figure Hanamāʻulu 3-15 depicts the State Land Use Classifications within the Līhu‘e Dis-

trict. y

w H le u p a K

Līhuʻe

Puhi N āw i Kaum liw ualiʻi Hw il y i R Legend

Hwy d

ō

hi Kū Agricultural Līhuʻe Planning District

Hanamāʻulu y

w H Conservation Major Roads le u p a K

Līhuʻe Rural Roads Figure 3-15 State Land Use Districts

Puhi N āwiliwili Rd Kaum ualiʻi Hwy Legend Urban Agricultural Līhuʻe Planning District

Conservation Major Roads Rural Roads Urban

LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN 65

N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2 N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2 Kauaʻi General Plan DRAFT FOR Land Use Designations DISCUSSION ONLY

3.11.2 County of Kaua‘i General Plan Table 3-1 General Plan Land Use Designations in Līhu‘e Kauaʻi General Plan The Kaua‘i General Plan designates lands as Open, DRAFT FOR Agriculture, Park, Residential, Resort, Urban Center, GP Designation % of % of Land Use Designations DISCUSSION ONLY Transportation, and Military. The Open District comprises District Island over 70% of the island, followed by nearly 20% in the Open 56 12

Hwy Agricultural District. The proportion of the other desig- Agriculture ō 35 24 hi nations in descending rank are Residential (3%), Urban Kū Park <1 35 Center (1%), Resort (1%), Military (1%), Park (<1%), and Trans-

Hanamāʻulu portation (<1%). Figure 3-16 and the Table at right show ResidentialLegend 2 10 y

w current General Plan Land Use designations within the Urban CenterA (Agricultural) 4 80 Tr (Transportation)

H le d Līhu‘e District. Resort u i R <1 12 p n O (Open) UC (Urban Center) a ki K u h A 3.11.3 County Zoning Designations Transportation 2 99 Pk (Park) Līhuʻe Planning District Līhuʻe Zoning designations are set forth in the Comprehen- Military <1 0 sive Zoning Ordinance (CZO) for the County of Kaua‘i. R (Residential Community) Rice St Puhi N The designations identify permitted land use types and āwiliwili Rd such as theRst areas (Resort) surrounding Kālepa Ridge, Hā‘upu Kaum densities, and include (with numbers indicated permitted ualiʻi Hwy Ridge and Kilohana Crater. The Planning Commission units/acre) Conservation (CON), Open (O), Agriculture (A), has recommended to the County Council that non-zoned Residential (R-1, R-2, R-4, R-6, R-10, R-20), Commercial (C- H lands within the State Land Use Agricultural District be ule mal u Rd G, C-N), Industrial (I-G, I-L), and Resort (RR-10, RR-20). The zoned as Agricultural (Ordinance ZA-2014-6). zoning designations also include Planned Development (PD), Special Treatment District (ST) overlays, and Special 3.11.4 Special Management Area Planning Area (SPA) overlays. Figure 3-17 shows County The Special Management Area (SMA) is intended to zoning designations in the Līhu‘e District. preserve, protect, and where possible restore the natural Slightly over half of the Līhu‘e District is zoned for resources in the coastal zone of the Hawaiian Islands. Conservation or Open space. Much of the mauka lands Controls and restrictions on development apply to the are currently in active agricultural use or in conservation, SMA, which is identified on Figure 3-18.

Hwy ō Figure 3-16 Kaua‘i General Plan Land Use Designations

hi

Kū

Hanamāʻulu Legend y

w A (Agricultural) Tr (Transportation)

H le d u i R p n O (Open) UC (Urban Center) a ki K u h A N Pk (Park) Līhuʻe Planning District Līhuʻe R (Residential Community) Rice St Puhi N Miles āwiliwili Rd 00.45 0.9 1.8 Rst (Resort) Kaum ualiʻi Hwy 66 LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN H ule mal u Rd

N

Miles 0 0.45 0.9 1.8 County Zoning Designations DRAFT FOR In Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY

County Zoning Designations County Zoning Designations DRAFT FOR DRAFT FOR In Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLYIn Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY

CON CON CON CON CON CON CON CON CON CON NO ZONING A NO ZONING A CON CON NO NO O NO ZONING ZONING ZONING CON O A O OO O CON A RR-20 A O NO ZONING A A O CON CON A O CON O NO ZONING O CON O O O NO ZONING A A NO ZONING CON CON CON O A NO ZONING O O CON CON CON A CON A NO ZONING A CON A A NO ZONING O A O O A A O O O O CON A NO ZONING A A O A O CON Special Management Area and A DRAFT FOR A A A CON DISCUSSION ONLY O CON Shoreline Setback Area O A O O NO ZONING A CON O A I-L CON CON A A R-10 HanamOāʻulu O NO A A A O CON A I-L I-G OR-6O ZONING R-6 R-6 R-6 A O R-6 CON CON Figure 3-17 County Zoning Designations Figure 3-18 Special Management Area NO ZONING O R-4 R-6R-6 O CON CON CON O A R-4 O R-4 O A A A R-4 R-4 O R-8 A A A A O O/ST-P O R-8 C-G I-G/ST-P NO ZONING O A A C-G C-N I-G/ST-P Legend O O A R-6 R-6 R-6 I-G/ST-P O A R-4 I-G/ST-P NO ZONING A A R-6 R-8 C-G A NO ZONING R-4 A O O Līhuʻe R-4 O C-G R-6 Līhuʻe Planning District O A O O R-20 I-G/ST-P A O A R-1/ST-P A I-G/ST-P C-G O R-4/ST-P NO ZONING A R-4C-G A OPuhiO A NO ZONING O R-6I-L A O A A O C-G R-4 C-G A O C-G NO ZONING I-L I-L A CON C-G/ST-P O/ST-C R-6 A A A A O A O O A C-N R-2 O O O A O A R-1/ST-P O R-4O/ST-CR-4 O O Hanamāʻulu O A A A R-6 O R-4 R-2 A C-N O/ST-P R-6/ST-P A A A R-4 R-20 R-4 R-4 O R-20 A A A O O A A R-6 R-6 O R-4 O R-4 RR-20 RR-10 A O O I-L I-L R-6R-4 R-4O R-4 O O A A A A A O R-20 O O C-N C-G CON R-1/ST-P R-8 A I-L I-L O R-4O A I-G O CON O A I-L R-20 O I-G O O O O CON I-G R-10 RR-10 A O A R-4 I-G A O O AA A A O O I-G I-G O O O I-G/ST-P R-2 RR-20 O O O O O A CON R-4 I-G O ST-R O O O A O O O A A O CON CON CON I-L R-20 ST-R O O O O CON A O O A O Legend CON O CON O O O O A O R-4/ST-P CON Līhuʻe Līhuʻe Planning District CON Special Management Area and C-G O/ST-C R-6 DRAFPT uFOhRi DISCUSSION ONLY Hwy Shoreline Setback Area ō C-G/ST-P O/ST-P R-6/ST-P A hi

Kū

O C-N R-1/ST-P R-8 CON Hanamāʻulu CON R-10 RR-10 Hanamāʻulu R-2 RR-20 I-G Legend I-G/ST-P Special ManagementR-2 Area0 ST-R

Kapule Hwy Līhuʻe Planning District

Ahukini Rd N I-L Major Roads R-4 Roads Miles 0 0.5 1 2 Līhuʻe Legend

ʻi Hwy Rice St A O R-4/ST-P Līhuʻe Kaumuali Līhuʻe Planning District Puhi N āwiliwili Rd C-G O/ST-C R-6 Puhi C-G/ST-P O/ST-P R-6/ST-P C-N R-1/ST-P R-8 CON R-10 RR-10 I-G R-2 RR-20

y

w I-G/ST-P R-20 ST-R

H

ō i

h

Kū I-L R-4

Hanamāʻulu N

Miles 0 0.25 0.5 1 Legend

y w H Special Management Area le u d p R i Ka n Līhuʻe Planning District ki u Ah N Major Roads Roads

LMīhuiʻlees 0 0.5 1 2 y ʻi Hw uali R um ice Ka St LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN Puhi 67 N āw i liw il i R d

N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2 N

Miles 0 0.25 0.5 1 DRAFT FOR Major Landowners in Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY

DRAFT FOR Major Landowners in Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY

3.0 LĪHU‘E TODAY: NATURAL, BUILT,State of Hawaii AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT

Figure 3‑19 Major Landowners in the Līhu‘e District 3.11.5 Major Landowners The COK Important Agricultural Lands Study de- Since the early 1900’s, land ownership in the Līhu‘e fines eight criteria for identifying IAL, shown in the box District has been dominated by the plantations and by to the left. Lands that score high enough in these areas the Territory or the State. That pattern carries over to to- (28 or higher on a scale of 0-40) are recommended for day. The largest private landowner in the District is Grove priority designation. Legend Farm, which, collectively with its subsidiary, Visionary Figure 3-20 shows designated and candidate IAL EWM Govt. County of Kauai Grove Farm LLC, owns much of the old KauaLīhu‘eʻi LLC Plantation lands. The in the Līhu‘e District. State of Hawaii Hanamāʻulu Grove Farm State owns significant amountsDR Horton of land, with manage- Govt. Federal DR Horton ment split between the Departments of Land and Nat- Govt. State Līhuʻe Planning District ural Resources, Agriculture, and Hawaiian Home Lands. Visionary COUNTY OF KAUA‘I Govt. State DHHL Other major landownersLLC include D.R. Horton, William IMPORTANT AGRICULTURAL HydeLīhu ʻeRice LTD, D.R. Campion, the Harry and Jeanette LANDS CRITERIA Weinberg Foundation, Inc., and EWM Kaua‘i LLC. These Puhi landholdings are depicted on Figure 3-19. Legend• Land currently used for agricultural pro- duction; EWM 3.11.6 Important Agricultural Lands Govt. County of Kauai Grove Farm Kauaʻi LLC The Hawai‘i State Constitution established a policy • Land with soil qualities and growing con- Hanamāʻulu Govt. Federal DR Horton Grove Farm DR Horton to “conserve and protect agricultural lands, promote di- ditions that support agricultural produc- DRAFT FOR versified agriculture, increase agricultural self-sufficien- Govt.tion Stateof food, fiber, or fuel- and energy-proLīhuʻe Planning- District Major Landowners in Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY ducing crops; Visionary cy and assure the availability of agriculturally suitable Govt. State DHHL LLC lands” (Hawai‘iD.R. Campion State Constitution, article 11, section 3). • Land identified under agricultural produc- Līhuʻe William Hyde Rice LTDPursuant to the constitutional mandate, the State Leg- tivity rating systems, such as the agricul- islature adopted standards, criteria, and procedures to Puhi tural lands of importance to the State of designate Important Agricultural Lands (HRS chapter Hawaii (ALISH) system adopted by the 205, part III). Once designated, owners of these lands Board of Agriculture on January 28, 1977; qualify for incentives. • Land types associated with traditional In 2013, the State Land Use Commission approved a native Hawaiian agricultural uses, such petition from the Grove Farm Company and the Hā‘upu as taro cultivation, or unique agricultural Land Company to convert 11,048 acres of land to IAL, crops and uses, such as coffee, vineyards, approximately 10,611 acres of these lands are within the D.R. Campion aquaculture, and energy production; William Hyde Līhu‘e District. This is roughly a third of Grove Farm’s Rice LTD total land holdings of 32,996 acres, and 1,652 acres of • Land with sufficient quantities of water to Hā‘upu Land Company’s holdings. support viable agricultural production; State of Hawai‘i Act 183 defines IAL as those lands: • Land whose designation as important ag- • Capable of producing sustained high yields ricultural lands is consistent with general, State of Hawaii N when treated and managed according to ac- development, and community plans of the Miles cepted farming methods and technology; county; 0 0.5 1 2 • Contribute to the State’s economic base and • Land that contributes to maintaining a produce agricultural commodities for export critical land mass important to agricultural Legend or local consumption; and operating productivity; and

EWM Govt. County of Kauai Grove Farm • Are needed to promote the expansion of ag- Kauaʻi LLC • Land with or near support infrastructure Hanamāʻulu Govt. Federal DR Horton Grove Farm DR Horton ricultural activities and income for the future, conducive to agricultural productivity, Govt. State Līhuʻe Planning District even if currently not in production. such as transportation to markets, water, Visionary Govt. State DHHL LLC N or power. Līhuʻe

Puhi LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLANMiles 68 0 0.5 1 2

D.R. Campion William Hyde Rice LTD

N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2 DRAFT FOR Important Agricultural Lands (GF and IAL 28) DISCUSSION ONLY

DRAFT FOR Important Agricultural Lands (GF and IAL 28) DISCUSSION ONLY

County Zoning Designations DRAFT FOR In Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY

Figure 3-20 Important Agricultural Lands in Līhu‘e District County Zoning Designationslic access to public land and open space. The 2012 Annual Report of the Natural Resourc- DRAFT FOR DRAFT FOR In Līhuʻe District The County Charter provision expressesDISCUSSION Kaua‘i ONLY res- es Preservation Fund Commission identifies the sites Hwy Important Agricultural Lands (GF and IAL 28) DISCUSSION ONLY ō idents’ desirehi that the island’s special heritage sites and currently under acquisition, those on hold, and results ū

K experiences will be preserved, the environment protect- from communityLegend surveys and input. While none of the

Hanamāʻulu ed, and recreation and access opportunities for all of the properties under acquisition or on hold are within the

y Important Agricultural Lands (GF) Līhuʻe Planning District w people willH be enhanced and protected for all time. Līhu‘e District, public Agriculturalsurveys identified Lands at a threshold several of 28+proper - le d Major Roads u i R p in meet the criteria for IAL at a sufficient level a k TheK Naturalu Resources Preservation Fund Com- ties in the District for the Commission’s consideration: h mission andA Planning Department are charged with the • Ahukini Roads County Zoning Designations Līhuʻe task of developing a biannual list of recommended pri- DRAFT FOR Rice St • ‘Alekoko Fish Pond Puhi N In Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY āwiliwili Rdorities of lands or property entitlements to be acquired Kau • Hanamā‘ulu Beach mualiʻi Hwy or for the funding of projects directly related to the act,

Hwy

ō

hi and to incorporate a countywide community input pro- • Kapaia Swinging Bridge ū K Hu lem al u Rd cess into development of this annual list.Legend • Kīpū Falls

Hanamāʻulu

y Important Agricultural Lands (GF) Līhuʻe Planning District w H Agricultural Lands at a threshold of 28+ le d Major Roads u i R Figure 3‑21 Open and Conservation Lands in Līhu‘e District p in meet the criteria for IAL at a sufficient level a k K u Service Layer Credits: Sources: Esri, HERE, DeLorme, TomTom, Intermap, increment P Corp., GEBCO, USGS, FAO, h y A w Roads NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL, Ordnance Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), swisstopo, H MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community ō i Līhuʻe h

Kū County Zoning Designations Rice St Puhi N DRAFT FOR āwiliwili Rd Hanamāʻulu

DISCUSSION ONLY Kau y

In Līhuʻe District mualiʻi Hwy Legend w

H le d Conservation u i R p n a ki K u Hul h em A Open al u Rd Līhuʻe Līhuʻe Planning District R ice Puhi N St āw i liw Kaumua il Hwy liʻi Hwy i R ō d hi

ū K Service Layer Credits: Sources: Esri, HERE, DeLorme, TomTom, Intermap, increment P Corp., GEBCO, USGS, FAO, Legend NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL, Ordnance Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), swisstopo, Hwy MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community Hanamāʻulu ō

hi y Important Agricultural Lands (GF) Līhuʻe Planning District

w Kū H N Agricultural Lands at a threshold of 28+ le d Major Roads u i R p in meet the criteria for IAL at a sufficient level a k K u Hanamāʻulu h Miles A Roads

0 0.5 1 2 y Legend w

Līhuʻe H le d Conservation Rice St u i R p n a ki Puhi N K u āwiliwili Rd h A Open Kau mualiʻi Hwy Līhuʻe Līhuʻe Planning District Rice St H ule ma Rd Puhi N l u āwiliwili Rd 3.11.7 Open Space and Conservation erty entitlements for the following purposes: outdoor Service Layer Credits: Sources: Esri, HERE, DeLorme, TomTom, Intermap, increment P Corp., GEBCO, USGS, FAO, y Kau mualiʻi Hw w y NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL, Ordnance Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), swisstopo, H MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community Lands recreation and education, including access to beach- ō i

h Slightly over half of the Līhu‘e District is zoned for es and mountains;N preservation of historic or culturally Kū Conservation or Open space (see Figure 3-21). The LCP important land areas and sites; protection of significant Hanamāʻulu

y Legend seeks to preserve the majority of these lands and iden- Mileshabitats or ecosystems, including buffer zones; preserv- w 0 0.5 1 2 H le d Conservation u i R tify unique features for preservation and restoration. ing forests, beaches, coastal areas, and agricultural p n a ki K u h Open The Public Access, Open Space, Natural Resources lands; protecting watershed lands to preserve water A Preservation Fund was established by County Charter quality and water supply; conserving land in order to reL-īhuʻe N Līhuʻe Planning District R Milesice and receives a minimum of one and one half percent duce erosion, floods, landslides, and runoff; Pimprovinguhi N St āw 0 0.5 1 2 i liw Kaumua il (1.5%) of the County’s annual certified real property tax- disabled and public access to, and enjoymentliʻi Hwy of, public i R d Service Layer Credits: Sources: Esri, HERE, DeLorme, TomTom, Intermap, increment P Corp., GEBCO, USGS, FAO, es. These funds will be used to acquire lands or prop- landy and open space; and acquiring disabled and pub- Data Source: County of Kaua‘i Zoning GIS Layer w NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL, Ordnance Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), swisstopo, H MapmyIndia, © OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS User Community ō i

h N Kū LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN 69 Miles Hanamāʻulu 0 0.5 1 2

y Legend w

H le d Conservation u i R p n a ki K u h A Open Līhuʻe Līhuʻe Planning District N R ice Miles Puhi N St 0 0.5 1 2 āw i liw Kaumua il liʻi Hwy i R d

N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2

N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2 3.0 LĪHU‘E TODAY: NATURAL, BUILT, AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT

3.12 TRANSPORTATION Port Allen is the other airport for general aviation but Līhu‘e is the hub of Kaua‘i’s transportation system has minimal facilities. The airport facility sits on 943 where all major modes of travel converge including air acres, has two 6,500 foot runways, terminal building travel, shipping and highways. and eight wide-body gates. Approximately 8,100 pas- sengers go through the airport daily. Airport Līhu‘e Airport is located one and a half miles east Harbor of Līhu‘e Town. The facility is operated by the State Nāwiliwili is one of two commercial harbors on Department of Transportation Airport Division and pro- Kaua‘i, operated by the State Department of Transpor- vides Kaua‘i with all inter-island and overseas passen- tation Harbors Division. Nāwiliwili Harbor is the princi- ger service and helicopter and air cargo operations. It pal port for Kaua‘i and consists of three piers for over- is one of two airport facilities operating on the island. seas and inter-island containerized and general cargo.

Nāwiliwili Harbor

The cruise ship industry has grown significantly. Nāwiliwili Small Boat Harbor is managed by the The County’s Harbor Master Plan calls for improve- State Department of Land and Natural Resources, Di- ments in order to accommodate the simultaneous vision of Boating and Ocean Recreation (DOBOR). The berthing of two large cruise ships. Other pier expan- 32 acres site has 82 berths, 5 multi-hulled moorings, sion is proposed for future cargo activities. landing pier, 2-lane boat ramp, a vessel wash-down The harbor is in proximity to Līhu‘e Town and area, loading dock, fish hoist, pump-out station and centrally located on the island for the distribution of harbor office and restrooms. shipped goods and material. Access is good for the harbor area using Rice Street and Nāwiliwili Road to Land Transportation move truck traffic northward on Kapule Highway or The land transportation system serves multimodal westward on Kaumuali‘i Highway. users that include cars, freight trucks, bus transit, pe- Līhu‘e Airport destrians and bicycles. Kaua‘i’s rural past did not de- 70 LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN Existing Road Plan DRAFT FOR at a Focused Scale DISCUSSION ONLY

Existing Road Plan Existing Road Plan DRAFT FOR DRAFT FOR at a Focused Scale DISCUSSION ONLY at a Focused Scale DISCUSSION ONLY

Hwy

ō

hi

Kū

Legend Hanamāʻulu A (Agricultural) Tr (Transportation) M āʻa lo R d O (Open) UC (Urban Center) Pk (Park) Līhuʻe Planning District

Hwy ō Figure 3-22 Existing Roadways

hi Kū velop dense urban environments, so sidewalks and R (Residential Community) Urban Principal Arterial

bike facilities are still less developed than the existing Kapule Hwy Rst (Resort) Urban Minor Arterial Legend Hwy ō Hanamāʻulu roadway network. Kaua‘i’s island topography concen- A (Agricultural) Tr (Transportation) hi Urban Major Collector Kū Ah M Hwy u āʻa kini Rd lo trates access and development along the coastal zone ō R O (Open) UC (Urban Center) hi d Urban Minor Collector where there are no mountains. Līhu‘e’s location places Kū Umi St Kūhiō Highway, Route 56, is one of two principal arterials in Līhu‘e that serves east H Pk (Park) Līhuʻe Planning District ard y St it at the center of regional connectivity. Līhuʻe and north Kaua‘i. It is 38 miles from Līhu‘e to Princeville. Severe congestion requires R (Residential Community) Urban Principal Arterial a reversible lane to be created during peak periods from Monday through Saturday each week. Legend Kaua‘i’s primary thoroughfares, like many other is- d R Kapule Hwy Puaole St Rst (Resort) Urban Minor Arterial ʻi HwyK o Hwy lek Hanamāʻulu ā a ō Tr (Transportation) lands in the state, are coastal highways that provide l H A (Agricultural) hi M Kaumuali e Urban Major Collector āʻa p Rice St Kū Ahu l a kini Rd Puhi o S regional access. Kūhiō and Kaumuali‘i Highways are R t O (Open) UC (Urban Center) Urban Minor Collector d Nuhou St

Umi St H the two major highways that meet in Līhu‘e. While they ard y St N Pk (Park) Līhuʻe Planning District Līhuʻe function as arterials, they also serve as commercial āwiliwili Rd d R Puaole St R (Residential Community) Urban Principal Arterial ʻi HwyK lek o main streets to the adjoining communities. ā a l H Kaumuali e Rice St pa Puhi S • Kūhiō Highway, Route 56 extends northward Kapule Hwy t Rst (Resort) Urban Minor Arterial ou Hwy Nuh St Puhi Rd ō

to the rural communities of Wailua, Kapa‘a, hi N āwiliwili Rd Urban Major Collector Kū Ah Anahola, Kīlauea, Princeville and Hanalei. ukini Rd Urban Minor Collector

Umi St • Kaumuali‘i Highway, Route 50 connects H ard y St Puhi Rd Līhuʻe Kūhiō Highway serves as a commercial center within Līhu‘e Town, in addition to south and westward to the crossroads of being a principal arterial. d ‘Oma‘o and Lāwa‘i and the towns of Kalāheo, R Puaole St ʻi HwyK lek o ā a l H Hanapēpē , Waimea and Kekaha. Kaumuali e Rice St pa Puhi S t • Both highways connect in Līhu‘e at Rice Nuhou St

N Street near the historic center of town. āwiliwili Rd • Major roads that are connectors link commer- cial centers and thoroughfares in Līhu‘e. • Kapule Highway, Route 51 branches off of Puhi Rd Kūhiō Highway from the north at Hanamā‘ulu to provide a bypass to Līhu‘e and a more direct connection to the Līhu‘e Airport, harbor N Route 50, Kaumuali‘i Highway, is the other principal arterial in Līhu‘e that connects to N south and west Kaua‘i. Kaumuali‘i and Kūhiō Highways are joined at Rice Street and and industrial uses. Miles together serve as the primary “belt road” between the island towns and communities. Miles 0 0.25 0.5 1 0 0.25 0.5 1 • Ahukini Road, Route 570 connects Kūhiō and Kapule Highways to the airport. • Rice Street and Nāwiliwili Road, Route 58 Distribution Streets Puhi: Puhi Road, Kaneka Street, Nūhou Street and both connect Nāwiliwili Harbor to Kaumuali’i Distribution streets enable local traffic to move Pīkake Street distribute traffic between the major con- Highway. throughout the community, within and between resi- nectors and local streets. The commercial uses are • Mā‘alo Road, Route 583 connects Kūhiō High- dential, commercial, and other areas. more suburbanized and located on pad, mall or big- way to Wailua Falls Lookout. Līhu‘e Town: Hardy Street, ‘Umi Street and Haleko box sites with surrounding parking. In Figure 3-22, ma- Road distribute traffic between connectors and local jor thoroughfares and connectors are highlighted in streets. Hardy and ‘Umi have residential and commer- red and distributionN Streets are in yellow. cial frontages. Haleko Road connects Līhu‘e Town with Kapule Highway provides the main link to the Līhu‘e Airport, shown here near its Miles intersection with Ahukini Road. Puhi. 0 0.25 0.5 1

LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN 71 02B Transportation Plan: Existing Bus Transit DRAFT FOR at a Focused Scale DISCUSSION ONLY

3.0 LĪHU‘E TODAY: NATURAL, BUILT, AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT

02B Transportation Plan: Existing Bus Transit DRAFT FOR at a Focused Scale DISCUSSION ONLY Hwy Figure 3-23 Existing Bus Routes and Stops ō hi

ū Transit K 3.13 PUBLIC FACILITIES & Kaua‘i Bus is operated by the County’s Trans- INFRASTRUCTURE portation Agency offering fixed route and paratran- sit services. The bus service provides weekday ser- 3.13.1 Water 02B Transportation Plan: Existing Bus Transit Hanamāʻulu DRAFT FOR vice with a reduced weekend and holiday operating The County’s Department of Water (DOW) main- at a Focused Scale DISCUSSION ONLY schedule. The agency has recently added service Æa tains nine potable water systems throughout the island. to Līhu‘e Airport and limited service to Kōloa and Æa The largest is the Puhi-Līhu‘e-Hanamā‘ulu water sys- Po‘ipū. Paratransit service is door to door bus ser- tem which services most of the Līhu‘e Community Plan vice for senior citizens and residents with disabili- area. The northernmost portion of the District, from the ties. All buses are equipped with bike racks to serve Wailua River to the Kaua‘i Beach Resort, is serviced by Legend Kapule Hwy the Wailua-Kapa‘a system. A pipeline exists to transfer cyclists. The following bus routes service Līhu‘e: ÆaÆa A (Agricultural) Tr (Transportation) Ahukini Rd surplus water supply between the two systems. • 100: Kekaha to Līhu‘e Æa The DOW maintains most of the Puhi-Līhu‘e-Hana- O (Open) UC (Urban Center) Æa mā‘ulu water system, with DOW and Grove Farm jointly • 200: Līhu‘e to Kekaha Æa Pk (Park) Līhuʻe Planning District Æa Æa owning some sources and distribution. Developers are • 400: Hanalei to Līhu‘e Līhuʻe Æa frequently required to provide improvements to the R (Residential Community) Wailuā-Līhuʻe Mainline • 500: Līhu‘e to Hanalei Æa Æa Æa system to service their project areas. When built and ʻi Hwy Æa Æa approved to DOW standards, these improvements are Rst (Resort) Hanalei-Līhuʻe Mainline • 600: Līhu‘e to Kapahi Rice St Puhi Kaumuali Æa conveyed to the DOW for operation and maintenance.

Hwy N • 700: Līhu‘e Extensionō Æa Æa Æa ā The Kaua‘i Water Plan 2020, prepared in 2001, hi Æa wiliwili Rd Kōloa Shuttle t Kū S ka guides DOW operation and Capital Improvements. • Līhu‘e Lunch Shuttle e n a Kekaha-Līhuʻe Mainline Aʻakukui K Nuhou Rd The population projections used to project anticipated Private bus services also exist to shuttle passen- Rd demand are outdated and much lower than the cur- gersHanam fromāʻulu the airport to resorts and other destinations. Æa Līhuʻe Shuttle rent DBEDT projections used in this LCP. Today, the A shuttle runs fromÆa the cruise ship terminal as well. Æa Æa Puhi Rd Puhi-Līhu‘e-Hanamā‘ulu water system is operating at Līhuʻe Lunch Shuttle

Hwy ō capacity, and water source availability is a major con- hi Kōloa-Līhuʻe Mainline Kū Legend H ule sideration and potential barrier to new development Kapule Hwy mal ÆaÆa A (Agricultural)u Rd Tr (Transportation) Æa Bus Stops Ahukini Rd in the Līhu‘e District. A partial moratorium exists in the Æa O (Open) UC (Urban Center) Development District, limiting the number and size of Hanamāʻulu Æa Æa Æa Æa Pk (Park) Līhuʻe Planning District water meters available to each parcel. Æa Līhuʻe Æa Æa R (Residential Community) Wailuā-Līhuʻe Mainline In order to provide for anticipated growth in the Æa Æa Æa areas of change proposed in the LCP, an update to ʻi Hwy Æa Æa Rst (Resort) Hanalei-Līhuʻe Mainline Rice St Puhi Kaumuali Æa Legend the Water Plan is strongly recommended that includes Æa Kapule Hwy N ÆaÆa Æa Æa āwiliwili Rd A (Agricultural) Tr (Transportation) Kōloa Shuttle Æa t analysis of potential sources, projections of demand S Ahukini Rd ka e Æa n Ka Nuhou Rd O (Open) UC (Urban Center) Kekaha-Līhuʻe Mainline and infrastructure needed, and a prioritized and bud- Aʻakukui Rd Æa Æa Æa Æa Pk (Park) Līhuʻe Planning District Līhuʻe Shuttle geted list of projects. Līhuʻe Æa Æa Puhi Rd R (Residential Community) Wailuā-Līhuʻe Mainline Līhuʻe Lunch Shuttle ÆaÆa Æa Æa Source, Storage, & Treatment ʻi Hwy Æa Æa Rst (Resort) Hanalei-Līhuʻe Mainline Kōloa-Līhuʻe Mainline Hu Kaumuali Rice St lem Although there are multiple sources, including deep Puhi Æa alu Rd Æa Bus Stops N Æa Æa ā vertical wells, the main source of potable water is sur- Æa Æa wiliwili Rd Kaua‘i Bus at the Hardy Street Station Kōloa Shuttle t N S ka e n face water treated through a plant mauka of Līhu‘e Town Ka Nuhou Rd Kekaha-Līhuʻe Mainline Aʻakukui Rd Miles known as the Grove Farm Water Purification Plant. The Æa Līhuʻe Shuttle 0 0.25 0.5 1 Æa Puhi Rd 72 LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN Līhuʻe Lunch Shuttle Kōloa-Līhuʻe Mainline Hu lem alu Rd Æa Bus Stops N

Miles 0 0.25 0.5 1

N

Miles 0 0.25 0.5 1 DRAFT FOR County Wastewater System DISCUSSION ONLY

Legend

Hwy

ō Puhi Sewer and Water hi Lihue Force Main Company Service Area Kū Sewer Line Major Roads Hanamāʻulu facility opened in 2005 as a private-public partnership built in the 50’s and 60’s and are deteriorating. DOW y Līhuʻe Planning District Roads

w between Waiahi Water Company (a division of Grove has flagged several needed upgrades in the Kaua‘i

H Farm) and the County of Kauai, Department of Water, to Water Plan 2020, however these improvements do not develop the Kapaia Reservoir water source. The Grove constitute a limitation on new development. County Wastewater le d Lihue Sewer Pump Station u i R Farm Water Purification Plant processes water collect- The DOW requires adequate fire protection for new p n System Service Area a ki ed at Kapaia Reservoir, via the Hanamā‘ulu Ditch system developments, as identified in its water system stan- K u h and delivers water to the Department’s Līhu‘e- Hana- dards. If the transmission facilities fronting a proposed A mā‘ulu-Puhi Water Systems. The initial capacity of the development can provide the recommended fire flow, Puhi Wastewater Facility plant allows for approximately 3,000,000 gallons of wa- no upgrade is needed. If fire flow is not available, the ter per day to be delivered to households in the area DOW recommends an upgrade of transmission facili- Līhuʻe and ultimately serves nearly 15,000 residents. The facil- ties to provide adequate fire flow for the proposed de- ity is jointly owned by DOW and Grove Farm, and DOW velopment. will take ownership and full responsibility for operation 3.13.2 Wastewater N and maintenance in February 2019 (Grove Farm, August Puhi ā 2014). Additional sources are being sought to accom- The Līhu‘e Community Plan Area is serviced by wiliwili Rd two primary wastewater systems: the County of Kaua‘i DRAFT FOR modate future growth, as the Puhi-Līhu‘e-Hanamā‘ulu County Wastewater System Kaum DISCUSSION ONLY system managed by the Department of Public Works ualiʻi Hwy water system is presently operating at capacity. Since the 1990s, the DOW has implemented a pol- which stretches from Hanamā‘ulu to residential areas icy for the Līhu‘e District that restricts the number of just west of Rice Street, and the Grove Farm system water meters to an existing lot of record. The policy is which stretches from Nāwiliwili Road west through Puhi. applied to new meter requests, building permit appli- These are described below and shown in Figure 3-24. H cations and subdivision applications. The existing wa- ule County System mal u Rd ter meter restriction policy limits water service to three The County wastewater system is comprised of ap- 5/8-inch water meters or three single family dwellings proximately 80,000 linear feet of gravity sewer lines, five per existing lot of record. County operated wastewater pump stations (WWPS) With regards to storage, planned improvements to and one wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) (see Fig- the water storage system in Līhu‘e District are expect- ure 3-19). The treatment plant is located between the ed to provide adequate storage capacity to meet pro- Līhu‘e Airport and the Marriott’s Kaua‘i Lagoons Resort. jected demand. The effluent from treatment is reused for irrigation at Transmission the Marriott’s Kaua‘i Lagoons Resort golf course and/ Water supply for Puhi-Līhu‘e-Hanamā‘ulu is dis- or disposed through injection wells. The sludge is dis- tributed by four major transmission mainlines. These posed at a municipal landfill in Kekaha. include a 15-inch Kokolau Tunnel main, a 16-inch Puhi In 2008, the County completed a Wastewater Fa- Figure 3-24 Līhu‘e District cility Plan. It found that there is reserve capacity at the Wastewater Systems Wells mainline, a 18-inch Kilohana Wells mainline, a 16-inch Mā’alo Road mainline. Trunk lines consist of 8, wastewater treatment plant sufficient to meet the Coun- ty’s projected need through the planning horizon (half Legend 12, and 16-inch pipes along Kaumuali‘i Highway, Rice

Hwy

ō Puhi Sewer and Water

hi of its 2.0 MGD capacity is used, with expansion possi- Lihue Force Main Company Service Area Kū Street, Nāwiliwili Road, Kūhiō Highway, Ahukini Road, Sewer Line Major Roads ble on surrounding lands). Planned maintenance and Hanamāʻulu and Kapule Highway. The existing mainlines are ad-

y Līhuʻe Planning District Roads

w upgrades to the WWTP include replacement of the gas H County Wastewater equate to handle projected peak flows over the LCP le d Lihue Sewer Pump Station u i R p n System Service Area chlorination system, biofilter recirculation pump, and a ki K u h planning horizon, however many of the facilities were A Puhi Wastewater Facility aeration system. The County also found that there is Līhuʻe

N LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN Puhi āwiliwili Rd 73 Kaum ualiʻi Hwy

H ule mal u Rd

N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2 N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2 3.0 LĪHU‘E TODAY: NATURAL, BUILT, AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT

reserve capacity remaining within the existing waste- 3.13.3 Electricity site and a possible resources recovery park above Hana- water pump stations (WWPS) with anticipated improve- Formed in the late 1990’s, the Kaua‘i Island Utility Co- mā‘ulu are in preparation. ments including replacement of the Haleko WWPS. operative purchased Citizens Utilities Company, the elec- The Wastewater Facility Plan identified some prob- tric utility on Kaua‘i in 2002. The cooperative has nearly 3.13.5 Schools There are four public schools in the Līhu‘e District, lems in Līhu‘e’s gravity sewer trunk lines. The plan not- 36,000 customers/members islandwide, ¾ of whom are one community college, and one large private school ed, “If additional wastewater flow from the new devel- residential. Unlike water and wastewater systems, the (see Figure 3-25). Schools in the District and their 2012 opments is transported to the WWTP through any of the power grid is interconnected island wide. The distribution enrollment are listed below: Līhu‘e trunk lines, major rehabilitation or replacement system may be more extensive and reliable in some parts is necessary. If overlooked, grease and corrosion will of the island than others; but sufficient power is generat- Community College worsen the condition of the existing system and further ed to ensure firm and reliable service once distribution Kaua‘i Community College (1,400 students) reduce wastewater capacity.” Since that report, various issues are overcome. KIUC has committed to achieving Elsie H. Wilcox Elementary School short-term and mid-term improvements have been un- the generation of 50% of its power from renewable en- High Schools dertaken, including: ergy by 2023. It currently generates 15% from renewable Kaua‘i High School in Līhu‘e (1,187 students) • Discussions with Grove Farm to re-route the sources such as hydro and solar power sources. Island School (362 students in Grades K-12) Public Charter School Hanamā‘ulu WWPS flow to the Līhu‘e WWTP The electrical distribution system in the Līhu‘e De- Middle School Kawaikini New Century Public Charter School (183 students) along Ahukini Road for the planned Wailani velopment District is adequate, with no shortages to any Chiefess Kamakahelei (889 students) developments; and part of the urban footprint. There are two significant hy- In addition, the District is home to several preschools • The Līhu‘e WWTP has been upgraded to an dropower sources in Līhu‘e, four switchyards, and a major Elementary Schools including Island School Preschool, Līhu‘e Christian Pre- R-1 plant. power generator in Kapaia. Kaumuali’i Elementary (611 students) school, Līhu‘e Hongwanji Preschool, Līhu‘e Lutheran Pre- The possibility of undergrounding utilities has been Wilcox Elementary (933 students) school, and Pūnana Leo. Additional plans are in place, including installation of a discussion on Kaua‘i for many years. In regard to the new sewer lines for Ulu Mahi/Pua Loke, Nāwiliwili/Kupolo, Līhu‘e District, there are no immediate plans to move and Kapaia. However, even with their full implementation, electric utility lines underground due to the extremely expansion beyond the current urban footprint and known high cost of installing lines underground on Kaua‘i (cur- development plans (e.g. Wailani, Hanamā‘ulu Triangle) rently five-to-fifteen times more than overhead systems, would require further review and potential improve- depending on the terrain). However, the undergrounding ments.). In addition, there is a private system serving com- of utilities has been performed on a limited, case by case mercial and resort areas of Nāwiliwili, and pockets of res- basis, where unique circumstances warrant it. KIUC, as a idential communities outside the two main systems that community owned cooperative, is open to discussions on primarily rely on individual wastewater systems (IWS). the undergrounding of lines in key corridors in partner- Grove Farm System ship with organizations that can assist with coordination The Grove Farm System, operated by Puhi Sewer and funding. & Water Company, services their developed area west 3.13.4 Solid Waste of Nāwiliwili Road encompassing areas such as Kukui The existing Kekaha Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Grove, Puakea, and Puhi. The system includes gravity (MSWLF) was projected to reach capacity in 2014. The sewer lines, wastewater pump stations, and one waste- County of Kaua`i Department of Public Works Solid Waste water treatment plant. At this time, there are no problem Division is proposing a vertical expansion and the addi- areas; furthermore, they believe that they have more than tion of a lateral cell 2 at the existing MSWLF. This will pro- sufficient reserve capacity in all three key elements of vide for continued safe disposal of municipal solid waste their system to service the undeveloped, but approved until 2021. Studies and design concepts for a new landfill lots in their service area. Kaua‘i Community College 74 LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN DRAFT FOR Schools in the Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY

DRAFT FOR DRAFT FOR Schools in the Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY Schools in the Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY

y Hwy

ō w hi

H Kū

ō i Hanamāʻulu King Kaumualiʻi h Elementary

y Kū w

H le u p a King Kaumualiʻi K Hanamāʻulu Elementary Līhuʻe Wilcox y Island School Elementary w Rice St H Kauaʻi le Community College Chiefess Kamakahelei u Middle School p a Kaum ualiʻi Hwy Puhi K Kauaʻi High Līhuʻe Wilcox Figure 3-25 Schools in Līhu‘e District Island School Elementary R 3.13.6 Police and Fire Stations Everything mauka (mountain) to makai (ocean) along ice Kauaʻi St this stretch falls within the Līhu‘e District. It incorporates Chiefess Kamakahelei Kaua‘i Police Department, Līhu‘e District Legend Community College the two busiest and most populated areas of Kaua‘i, The County of Kaua‘i Police Department main sta- Middle School the Kapa‘a and Līhu‘e communities, including Puhi, Buildings Kaum tion and headquarters is located within Līhu‘e on an ualiʻi Hwy Puhi Nāwiliwili, Hanamā‘ulu, and Wailua. Schools K8-acreauaʻi site owned by the County between Vidinha HStadiumigh and Ahukini Road. This site houses the Kaua‘i Kaua‘i Fire Department, Līhu‘e Fire Station Līhuʻe Planning District Hwy ō main police facility, Civil Defense Emergency Operating The Līhu‘e Fire Station, located on Rice Street, is Major Roads hi Center and the Offices of the Prosecuting Attorney. one of seven fire stations located on the island. This Kū Kaua‘i Police Department’s Līhu‘e District pro- station houses a pumper fire truck and hazardous ma- vides police services from the south to the east side terials heavy rescue truck. Līhu‘e’s back up station is Hanamāʻulu King Kaumualiʻi of Kaua‘i, starting at the Maluhia Tree Tunnel (at about Kapa‘a Fire Station.

Elementary the 7 mile marker of Kaumuali’i Hwy), to Kukui Street in y

w Kapa‘a Town, a stretch of roadway about 16 miles long.

H le u N p Legend a K Miles 0 0.5 1 2 Buildings Līhuʻe Wilcox Island School Elementary Schools Rice St Kauaʻi Līhuʻe Planning District Community College Chiefess Kamakahelei Middle School Kaum Major Roads ualiʻi Hwy Puhi Kauaʻi High

N Legend Buildings Miles 0 0.5 1 2 Schools

LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN 75 Līhuʻe Planning District Major Roads

N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2 3.0 LĪHU‘E TODAY: NATURAL, BUILT, AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT

3.14 PARKS AND RECREATIONAL FACILITIES County Regional Parks and Recreation Facilities There are many parks and recreation facilities within the Līhu‘e District that offer the resident and the visitor a wide array of opportunities. The Kaua‘i County Parks and County neighborhood and beach parks in Līhu‘e Recreation Master Plan was completed in 2013. Table 3-2 classifies existing parks and provides recommendations and policy guidance for parks in each District. District are listed in Table 3-3. Other County park facilities are listed below and shown on Figure 3-21. • Vidinha Stadium, the only stadium/athletic Table 3-2 Park Types and Occurrence in Līhu‘e District complex on the island, located on 34 acres of Type Description # in Līhu‘e Acreage land near Līhu‘e Airport; Passive Parks Beautification areas, mini parks, pocket parks, scenic overlooks, tot lots, and play areas designed primarily 0 0 • The Līhu‘e Neighborhood Center, situated in for use by small children. Facilities are usually limited to small, grassed or landscaped areas, sitting areas, or the Isenberg Community and from which the picnic areas. County runs multiple community programs; • The Wailua County Golf Course; Neighbor- Neighborhood parks serve as the recreational and social focus of a neighborhood. They provide a combina- 10 32.9 • Tennis courts at the Līhu‘e District Park and hood Parks tion playground and open space area, designed primarily for unstructured recreation activities. They should Puhi Subdivision Park; and be designed for the residents of the service area and accommodate a wide variety of age and user groups. • The Coastal Pedestrian/Bike Path (Ke Ala District Parks District parks are oriented to the needs of several neighborhoods or large sections of the community. A dis- 1 3.28 Hele Makalae). trict park is planned primarily to provide active and structured recreation opportunities that are not feasible or desirable at the neighborhood level. These parks usually have sports fields or similar facilities as a central Non-County Parks and Recreation Facilities focus, although passive activities for individuals and families may be accommodated. District parks require The State provides the following public recreation more support facilities, such as off -street parking and comfort stations. in the Līhu‘e Community Plan Area: • The Ahukini Recreation Pier State Park, ad- Regional Regional parks serve the county as a whole and consolidate heavily programmed athletic fields and associ- 2 68.6 jacent to the Hanamā‘ulu Beach park, with Parks ated facilities at fewer, larger sites. With the co-location of multiple facilities, regional parks can take advan- opportunity for pole fishing, crab netting, tage of economies of scale, providing higher quality services, improved management and scheduling, and relaxation and passive recreation. improved control of facility use. • The Wailua River State Park, a very large Beach Parks Beach parks combine the natural environment with recreational use in an oceanside setting. They focus on 3 16.4 inland park that stretches from the ocean to water-based recreation and passive activities. Beach parks should be designed to accommodate family and the Wailua Falls and includes a wide array of community events commensurate with the size of the park. Activities not requiring a beach front location experience, most notably, the Wailua Complex should be limited and located in mauka sections of the park. of Heiau, which became a National Historic Landmark in 1962, the rainforest, the largest Linear Parks Linear parks are developed landscaped areas and other lands that follow linear corridors, such as paths for 0 0 navigable river in the State, and many experi- bicycles and pedestrians, which also known as shared use paths or multi-use paths. As a travel way, these ences for hiking and boating, communing with types of parks often serve to connect individual parks or open spaces to form a cohesive system. They nature, contemplation and research; enable continuous and safe movement by non-motorized modes of travel. In addition to the path itself, the • The Kālepa Mountain Forest Reserve and the linear park may provide rest areas, scenic overlooks, and junctures for interpretive or educational displays. Līhu‘e-Kōloa Forest Reserve, both of which have opportunities for hiking; and Special Use Special use areas include public recreation areas or lands occupied by specialized facilities. Some of the 4 108.5 Areas uses falling into this category include golf course, motocross track, and cultural preserves. • The Nāwiliwili Small Boat Harbor, 2 miles southwest of Līhu‘e, features 82 berths. TOTAL 20 229.68

76 LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN DRAFT FOR County Parks DISCUSSION ONLY

DRAFT FOR County Parks DISCUSSION ONLY

Wailuā River State Park

Proposed Kalepa Motorcross Lydgate State Park Wailuā Golf Course Wailuā Motocross Track Legend y

w

H Laukona Park Parks ō i

h Table 3-3 Neighborhood and Beach Parks in Līhu‘e District Figure 3-26 County Parks Map Peter Rayno Park Kū Līhuʻe Planning District Hanamāʻulu Name Community Type of Park Acreage Street Isenberg Park Hanamāʻulu Beach Park Major Roads Hanamā‘ulu Beach Park Hanamā‘ulu Beach 6.45 Kūhiō Highway Līhuʻe Park Roads Kalena Park Peter Rayno Park Hanamā‘ulu Neighborhood 3.59 Kūhiō Highway Ahukini Recreation Pua Loke Park Pier State Park Wiliko Park Hanamā‘ulu Neighborhood 2.28 Palikea Street Wailuā River Middle School Park Ahukini Coastal Lau Kona Park State Park Preserve Kapaia Neighborhood 2.59 Paka Drive Puhi Park Līhuʻe Isenberg Park Isenberg Neighborhood 9.16 Kanakolu Street Proposed Grove Park Lydgate Puhi N Kalepa Motorcross āw Līhu‘e Park State Park i Town Core District 3.28 ‘Umi Street Ka liw umualiʻ il i Hwy i R Kalena Park Town Core Neighborhood 1.33 Kalena Street Wailuā Golf d Course Nāwiliwili Park Nāwiliwili Beach 6.27 Waapa Road Wailuā Legend Motocross Track Vidinha Niumalu Park Niumalu Beach 3.41 Niumalu Road Stadium Puhi Subdivision Park Laukona Park Hwy Parks ō Molokoa

Pua Loke Park Līhu‘e Neighborhood 0.63 Awapuhi Street hi Peter RaynoUlu Park Ko Park Park Kū Līhuʻe Planning District Puhi Subdivision Park Puhi Neighborhood 3.40 Nani Street Isenberg Park Hanamāʻulu Nāwiliwili Hanamāʻulu Beach Park Ulu Ko Park Puhi Neighborhood 4.00 Nāwiliwili Road Beach ParkNiumalu Beach Park Major Roads Līhuʻe Park Molokoa Park Līhu‘e Neighborhood 4.00 Rice Street Roads Kalena Park Lydgate Beach Park Wailua Regional Park 57.85 Nalu Road Ahukini Recreation Pua Loke Park Pier State Park Middle School Park Ahukini Coastal Preserve Puhi Park Līhuʻe The Hulē‘ia National Wildlife Reserve is the only Grove Park Puhi N federally-owned recreational resource. āwiliwili Rd Kaum ualiʻi Hwy Private Recreational Facilities There are two private golf courses open to the pub- lic, including the 18-hole Marriott’s Kaua‘i Lagoons Golf Vidinha Stadium Course and the 27-hole Puakea Golf Course. Private- Puhi Subdivision Park Molokoa ly held recreational facilities include the Boys and Girls Ulu Ko Park Park Club of Kaua‘i Līhu‘e Clubhouse, Puhi YMCA (pool and Nāwiliwili Beach Park weight room) and Grove Farm soccer fields along Puhi Niumalu Beach Park Road. N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2

Source: County of Kaua‘i Parks & Recreation Master Plan, 2013

LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN 77

N

Miles 0 0.5 1 2 3.0 LĪHU‘E TODAY: NATURAL, BUILT, AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT

3.15 PEOPLE OF LĪHU‘E ning districts within the County, after the East Kaua‘i tion for Līhu‘e is a little older and a little younger: About This section includes data and 2035 projections District (that includes the communities of Wailua and 24 percent of the population is under 18 years of age summarized from the Socio-economic Analysis and Kapa‘a). In 2010, the Līhu‘e District had a population compared with 23 percent for the County, and 17 per- Forecast Report for the Kaua‘i General Plan Update, of 14,683 people. That was up from 12,022 in 2000 cent of the population is 65 years and older compared prepared by SMS Research & Marketing Services, Inc. and amounted to a 22 percent growth for the decade with 15 percent for the County. Interestingly, the aver- (SMS Research) in February 2014. (about 1.39% per year). The growth rate of the previ- age age of the population of Līhu‘e has aged about ous decade had been about 13 percent. In 2010, Līhu‘e two years over the last decade; a year less than for the 3.15.1 Population residents made up about 22 percent of population population of the County as a whole. It appears that Resident population of the County of Kaua‘i is de- of Kaua‘i County compared with 21 percent in 2000. the major trend for Līhu‘e, however was not the aging fined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the number of peo- Population forecasts for the Līhu‘e District through the of the adult population as much as a slowing of the ple living in the County on a specific day during the LCP planning horizon are in Section 4.1.1. growth rate for children and young adults. year, usually July 1. The resident population includes Within Līhu‘e, the demographics shifted somewhat civilian and military personnel and their dependents, 3.15.2 Age, Gender, & Ethnicity between 2000 and 2010. The ratio of females to males and some part-time residents. Excluded from these The age and gender distribution for Līhu‘e was was 1.09 in 2010 compared with 1.03 in 2000. The pop- counts are non-residents (i.e., temporary residents, vis- very similar to that of the County as a whole and has ulation was a bit older (median age of 42 years versus itors, and part-time residents living on Kaua‘i for less changed relatively little in the last ten years. The medi- 40 years in 2000) owing to a decrease in the percent- than five months of the year). an age for Līhu‘e is slightly older (42 years) compared age of children under 18 and an increase in adults be- Līhu‘e is the second most populated of the six plan- with the County as a whole (41 years). The age distribu- tween the ages of 45 to 54. The ethnic make-up of the population continued to evolve during the last decade. The population with- in Līhu‘e has become more Caucasian and Hawaiian/ Part-Hawaiian and less Asian, although Asians remain the dominant ethnicity within the District. When com- pared to Kaua‘i County, the single-race population of Līhu‘e is more Asian (31% County versus 48% Līhu‘e) and notably less Caucasian (33% County versus 19% Līhu‘e). About 83 percent of Līhu‘e residents were 15 years of age or older in 2010. About half (52.1%) were married and living with their spouses. That was about the same as in the year 2000. The number of widowed, separat- ed or divorced people was down about 2.4 percent- age points and the number of persons who were sin- gle and had never been married was up about three points. This is consistent with the increase in younger adults and the trend toward later marriages across the State.

78 LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN 3.15.3 Households and Housing Units Households In 2010, 96 percent of the population lived in house- holds in Līhu‘e, a little more than for the County (94 per- cent). For Līhu‘e and the County, the percentage of the population living in group quarters doubled between 2000 and 2010; for Līhu‘e two to four percent, for the County one to two percent. Overall, there was also an increase in non-family households in Līhu‘e and the County including single-person households. This is a similar trend to the State as a whole. The number of single-person households has in- creased from 23 percent to 24 percent in Līhu‘e. Līhu‘e has a higher percentage of single-person households as well as larger households with five, six, or seven persons than the County overall. Overall, Līhu‘e has a larger average household (2.95) and average family size (3.45) than the County (2.84, 3.31). Within family households, there are slightly fewer with their own children younger than 18 years, down from 31 percent to 30 percent in Līhu‘e. However, this is still high relative to the County at 27 percent. Consistent with the household trends, a greater percent of the Līhu‘e population age 15 or older has never been married (29%). Across Kaua‘i County in 2010, 21 percent reported they had never been mar- ried. in population. In part this can be explained by an up- for the County. This is primarily due to the relatively low ward trend in the groups quarters population. It is also percentage of “seasonal, recreation, occasional use” Housing Units consistent with other housing trends discussed later in housing units (4%) compared with 14 percent for the Within Līhu‘e there are a total of 5,296 residential this paper. County. Average household size for owner-occupied housing units, an increase of 18 percent over 2000. The trend may affect Līhu‘e more than other areas units is 3.03 for Līhu‘e and 2.96 for the County. Kaua‘i So, while the population grew by 22 percent, and the of the County. Līhu‘e has 22 percent of the County County has an average household size of 2.64 persons number of households grew by 20 percent, the num- population and 18 percent of the housing units within for renter-occupied units, compared with 2.54 persons ber of residential housing units grew by 18%. The differ- the County. The percentage of owner-occupied hous- in the Līhu‘e Development District. Housing forecasts ences are small, but reflect a long-range trend. Hawai‘i ing units has decreased from 56 to 54 percent within for the Līhu‘e District through the LCP planning horizon Housing Planning Studies conducted since 1992 have Līhu‘e, which is significantly higher than for the County are presented in Section 4.1.2 shown a continuing trend toward slower growth in the at 47 percent. Only 11 percent of the housing units in housing stock than might be indicated by the growth Līhu‘e were vacant in 2010 compared with 22 percent

LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN 79 3.0 LĪHU‘E TODAY: NATURAL, BUILT, AND HUMAN ENVIRONMENT

Table 3-5 Kaua‘i County & Līhu‘e Number of Wage & Salary Jobs, 1990-2035 3.16 ECONOMY 3.16.2 Employment This section presents an overview of key aspects The number of Līhu‘e residents in the labor force 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2035 of the economy in the Līhu‘e District, including busi- increased 34 percent from 2000 to 2010 among res- 25,250 26,550 28,150 31,900 34,000 34,900 ness patterns, employment, income, and tourism. idents 16 years and older. In 2010 there were 7,634 Kaua‘i County Līhu‘e residents in the labor force (64% of age 16+). Līhu‘e District n.d. 12,473 12,554 14,519 15,820 16,403 3.16.1 Business Patterns However, the unemployment rate was 4 percent com- Based on the US Census, County Business Patterns pared with the County overall at 3.8 percent. Source: Kaua’i County General Plan Technical Study: Socio-economic Analysis and Forecast, SMS Research 2014 by Zip code report, Līhu‘e continues to be the largest business center on the island, and in fact a greater per- The top three industries where Līhu‘e residents are cent of the establishments on the island are concentrat- employed are: time for a Līhu‘e resident was 28 minutes compared of 0.66 percent. The rate is expected to dip again to ed in Līhu‘e in 2010 compared with 2004 (37.4 percent • Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation and, with 20 minutes for residents of the County as a whole. 0.53 percent during the period between 2030 and to 36.8 percent) (see Table 3 4). Nearly 45 percent of the Accommodation and Food Service (20%); This suggests that even though Līhu‘e is the largest 2035, adding less than 1,000 jobs. people working on the island, work in Līhu‘e. business center, not all residents work in the area. The Līhu‘e District has the highest growth rate and • Retail Trade (18%); and The trend from 2004 to 2010 for both the County and Major employment centers (i.e., centers of employ- number of jobs in the County, with a projected annual Līhu‘e is that the number of establishments and number • Educational services, and health care and ment) in the Līhu‘e District include: growth rate of 1.06 percent until 2020, 0.90 percent of employed peaked in 2007, right before the reces- social assistance (15%). • Wilcox Hospital, first opened in 1938, is the between 2020 and 2030, and 0.74 percent between sion, and has declined since that time. The increase in A slightly larger percent of County residents were primary medical care facility on the island; 2030 and 2035. percent of establishments suggests that Līhu‘e was not employed in the Arts, Entertainment sector (22%) and • The municipal complex, which includes the 3.16.3 Income as severely affected as other areas on the island. slightly fewer in Retail (13%). The average commute County Building, State Office Building, Civic The median earnings by household in Līhu‘e in Center, and Kaua‘i War Memorial Convention 2010 was $67,499. This was a 37 percent increase Hall; over 2000. Līhu‘e median earnings was eight percent Table 3-4 Employment and Business Establishments for Kaua‘i and Līhu‘e District, 2004-2010 • The Hawai‘i State Judiciary Building, Police higher than for Kaua‘i County at $62,531. This is likely a station and sports complex, which are located reflection of the larger household size in Līhu‘e (6% of Kaua‘i County 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 along Kapule Highway near the airport; Līhu‘e HH have 7 or more persons compared with only # Employed 25,135 24,979 26,465 26,523 26,165 23,850 22,959 • Līhu‘e Airport, the principal airport on Kaua‘i; 4% for the County) because other household income indicators suggest it should have be lower, such as • Nāwiliwili Harbor, the island’s primary com- # Establishments 1,893 1,925 2,023 2,036 1,982 1,925 1,916 Līhu‘e has a smaller percent of households with earn- mercial harbor; ings and the mean earnings is lower compared to the Līhu‘e District 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 • Kaua‘i Marriott Resort in Kalapakī and other County overall. major hotels and resorts; Median family income for Līhu‘e was $70,506 in # Employed 10,182 10,129 10,876 11,641 11,567 10,502 10,239 • Kukui Grove Shopping Center and Wal-Mart in 2010, an increase of 30 percent over 2000. At the Puhi, a major retail hub for the island; and same time the County median household income in- # Establishments 696 710 753 753 746 718 716 creased 40 percent to $71,847. The per capita income • Kaua‘i Community College in Puhi. for Līhu‘e was $23,614, 13 percent lower than for the % Employed 40.5% 40.6% 41.1% 43.9% 44.2% 44.0% 44.6% SMS Research projects that the County of Kaua‘i County at $26,592. will add jobs at a rate of 0.79 percent through the year % Establishments 36.8% 36.9% 37.2% 37.0% 37.6% 37.3% 37.4% 2020 (see Table 3-5). Between 2020 and 2030, job growth is expected to occur at an average annual rate Source: US Census, County Business Patterns by Zip Code (2010 Data)

80 LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN Visitor Accommodations DRAFT FOR in Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY

Visitor Accommodations DRAFT FOR in Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY

Aston Aloha ! Beach Resort Aston Aloha Beach Resort

Visitor Accommodations Castle ! Castle DRAFT FOR Kaha Lani in Līhuʻe District DISCUSSION ONLY Kaha Lani 3.16.4 Tourism Kaua‘i’s visitor industry is the largest sector of the Island’s economy. It accountsKauaʻi for about 33 percent of Beach Resort the County’s total output, generates more than a quar- y

w

ter of the jobs on Kaua‘i, andH contributes substantially

ō i to the county tax revenuesh (SMS 2014). Over the last

Kū decade,Hanam theāʻul uindustry drew about 1.1 million visitor arriv-

Kauaʻi als per year. y w Aston Aloha Beach Resort ! All Planning Districts haveH Visitor Destination Areas le Beach Resort ! u (VDA), except Hanapēpē-‘Ele‘ele.p Līhu‘e has the third a largest VDA in terms ofK acreage (342 acres), behind Castle Tip Top ! Kaha Lani y South Kaua‘i M(1,721otel acres) and North Shore (1,097 acres). w Līhuʻe

H In terms of units, Līhu‘e’s VDA ranks last. ō i Kauaʻi Palms Legend h There are threeMote lmajor Lani resort developments in the Puhi Hotel Marriott Kaua‘i Lagoons Kū N Visitor Destination Area Līhuʻe Planning District Līhu‘eā wCommunity Plan area, the Aston Aloha Beach Kaumu i aliʻi Hwy liw Marriott's Hotel, Kaua‘iil Beach Resort, Kaua‘i Marriott Resort, and i R ! d Kauai Lagoons Major Resorts Major Roads the Marriott’s Kaua‘i Lagoons (see Figure 3‑27). Kaua‘i Table 3-6 2013 Visitor Plant Inventory in Hanamāʻulu Beach Resort and Marriott’sGarden Kaua‘i Lagoons have plans Līhu‘e District ! Hotels and Motels Kauaʻi ! Island Inn Beach Resort y for continuedKauaʻi Inn expansion of the number of hotel rooms,

w Type of Unit # Units all within their currently held land areas. There are also H le u a handful of smaller visitor accommodation operations. p a Apartment Hotel 0 Hwy K ō According to the Hawai‘i Tourism Authority (HTA) 2013 hi

Kū Visitor Plant inventory, Līhu‘e District is home to ap- Bed & Breakfast 0 proximately 20% of overall hotel rooms on the island Hanamāʻulu (559 units) and 24% of the condominium hotel units Condominium Hotel 383

y (383). Other unit types are shown in Table 3-6. Major w ! Tip Top H le resort destinations on Kaua‘i are located to the north of u Motel p Hostel 0 a K Līhuʻe Līhu‘e (Kapa‘a, Princeville) and south of Līhu‘e (Po‘ipū). Hotel Legend 559 y i Hw Kauaʻi Palms ! ualiʻ ! Motel Lani aum Hotel Figure 3-27 Visitor Accommodations in Līhu‘e District Visitor Destination Area Līhuʻe Planning District ! Tip Top K Individual Vacation Unit 68 Motel Puhi N ! Līhuʻe āw Major Resorts Major Roads i liw Legend 19 wy Kauaʻi Palms ili Other liʻi H ! ! Motel Lani R ! mua d Visitor Destination Area Līhuʻe Planning District Hotels and Motels Kau Hotel Puhi Marriott's N ! ! āwiliwili Rd Kauai Lagoons Major Resorts Major Roads Timeshare 274 Garden ! ! Hotels and Motels ! Marriott's Kauai Lagoons Island Inn TOTAL 1,303 Garden ! Island Inn N Source: Hawai‘i Tourism Authority 2013 Visitor Plant Inventory (VPI) Kauaʻi Inn ! Kauaʻi Inn ! Miles 0 0.5 1 2

LĪHU‘E COMMUNITY PLAN 81

N

Miles 0 0.275 0.55 1.1 N

Miles 0 0.275 0.55 1.1