GLOSSARY Glossary (Page 1 of 25) GLOSSARY
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Fall 2019 Lovell’S Shook Industry by Catherine Stone
Yesterday’s News Published quarterly by the Lovell Historical Society Volume 26, Number 4 Fall 2019 Lovell’s Shook Industry By Catherine Stone Hauling apples in barrels made in Lovell The early settlers of Lovell were an industrious had flat headings or ends. They primarily made casks, lot - clearing land, cultivating fields, and harvesting barrels, buckets, vats, firkins, and troughs. timber. In the process, small farms made many of By the 1830s, barrel making was an important their daily necessities, including wooden containers. industry in Lovell. The business was called the shook These containers were used for storage and to transport industry because of the way the wood was bundled goods. This was before the advent of plastics, stainless together for transport. The staves and headings were steel, and corrugated cardboard. formed into barrels or boxes and then dismantled. Making wooden containers was not just a result of Next, they would bundle them together into a kit for necessity. It also became a source of cash money. The shipping. In the process of bundling the wood, they people making the containers as a profession were would shake the material. Shook bundles took up less called coopers. They would make wooden, staved space for shipping. vessels, held together with wooden or metal hoops that Charlotte Hobbs (1879-1968), one of Lovell’s (continued on page 3) From the President This summer was extremely busy and very enjoyable. We hosted two events—our Summer Fair and our biennial House Tour—and were fortunate to have the assistance of a great summer intern, Jonathan Fall Harvest Festival Griggs. -
THREE WHEEL BANDSAW/DISC SANDER Model: SM1214
INSTRUCTIONS FOR: THREE WHEEL BANDSAW/DISC SANDER Model: SM1214 Thank you for purchasing a Sealey product. Manufactured to a high standard this product will, if used according to these instructions and properly maintained, give you years of trouble free performance. IMPORTANT: PLEASE READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY. NOTE THE SAFE OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS, WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS. USE THIS PRODUCT CORRECTLY AND WITH CARE FOR THE PURPOSE FOR WHICH IT IS INTENDED. FAILURE TO DO SO MAY CAUSE DAMAGE AND/OR PERSONAL INJURY AND WILL INVALIDATE THE WARRANTY. PLEASE KEEP INSTRUCTIONS SAFE FOR FUTURE USE. 1. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 1.1. ELECTRICAL SAFETY. p WARNING! It is the users responsibility to read, understand and comply with the following: You must check all electrical equipment and appliances to ensure they are safe before using. You must inspect power supply leads, plugs and all electrical connections for wear and damage. You must ensure the risk of electric shock is minimised by the installation of appropriate safety devices. An RCCB (Residual Current Circuit Breaker) should be incorporated in the main distribution board. We also recommend that an RCD (Residual Current Device) is used with all electrical products. It is particularly important to use an RCD with portable products that are plugged into an electrical supply not protected by an RCCB. If in doubt consult a qualified electrician. You may obtain a Residual Current Device by contacting your Sealey dealer. You must also read and understand the following instructions concerning electrical safety. 1.1.1. The Electricity At Work Act 1989 requires all portable electrical appliances, if used on business premises, to be tested by a qualified electrician, using a Portable Appliance Tester (PAT), at least once a year. -
Analysis and Strengthening of Carpentry Joints 1. Introduction 2
Generated by Foxit PDF Creator © Foxit Software Branco, J.M., Descamps, T., Analysis and strengthening http://www.foxitsoftware.comof carpentry joints. Construction andFor Buildingevaluation Materials only. (2015), 97: 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.089 Analysis and strengthening of carpentry joints Jorge M. Branco Assistant Professor ISISE, Dept. Civil Eng., University of Minho Guimarães, Portugal Thierry Descamps Assistant Professor URBAINE, Dept. Structural Mech. and Civil Eng., University of Mons Mons, Belgium 1. Introduction Joints play a major role in the structural behaviour of old timber frames [1]. Current standards mainly focus on modern dowel-type joints and usually provide little guidance (with the exception of German and Swiss NAs) to designers regarding traditional joints. With few exceptions, see e.g. [2], [3], [4], most of the research undertaken today is mainly focused on the reinforcement of dowel-type connections. When considering old carpentry joints, it is neither realistic nor useful to try to describe the behaviour of each and every type of joint. The discussion here is not an extra attempt to classify or compare joint configurations [5], [6], [7]. Despite the existence of some classification rules which define different types of carpentry joints, their applicability becomes difficult. This is due to the differences in the way joints are fashioned depending, on the geographical location and their age. In view of this, it is mandatory to check the relevance of the calculations as a first step. This first step, to, is mandatory. A limited number of carpentry joints, along with some calculation rules and possible strengthening techniques are presented here. -
Exercises in Wood-Working, with a Short Treatise on Wood;
'^^ %."^o* ^r c. .^^~:, "<^^ '^' V ..^"^ .o"^ cO.".-* V^o " A.'^'' ..^'r- v^^ v^' y ,t'», < '-^0^ /. CV « o,. *r;.' aO ^. 'bV" X-O-T- i'^'V. .<•*' • 'VJ"""^^ ' o „ » <vf^ > V »*•»' ^ aO s' EXERCISES IN WOOD-WORKII^G WITH A SHORT TREATISE ON WOOD WRITTEN FOR MANUAL TRAINING GLASSES IN SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES BY IVIN SICKELS, M. S., M. D. ^ NEW YOKE D. APPLETON AND COMPANY 1890 K Copyright, 1889, By D. APPLETON AND COMPAlSfY. i-'3}P') PREFACE. The exercises in wood-working in this book were pre- pared by me during the summer of 1883, for the students of the College of the City of New York. Subsequent teaching suggested many changes and additions, until the manuscript was scarcely presentable. This manuscript has been copied for other schools ; and now, in order that those who have recently asked for it may receive it in better shape, this little volume is printed. I am indebted to Mr. Bashford Dean for the part relat- ing to injurious insects, which was written expressly for this book. I. S. New York, September, 1889. CONTENTS PAGE Introduction = , 7 Part First.—Wood. Structure of wood 13 Composition of wood 18 Branching of stems 19 Age of trees .20 Decay of trees 20 Season for cutting 21 Milling 31 Drying of wood 22 Warping 23 Properties of wood 24 Defects in wood 28 Measure and value of wood 29 Kinds of wood 30 Table of chief qualities of wood 38 Wood and iron 38 Wood-working trades 39 Parasitic plants . .41 Timber-borers 45 Preservation of wood 52 Part Second.—Exercises. -
GRANT AVAILABLE FRO$ Mid-Hudson Migrant
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 248 096 RC 014 944 TITLE Construction/Communication-Eg Media: B5. CHOICE: I, Challenging Options in Career Education. ,,INSTITUTION Mid-Hudson Migrant Education Center, New Paltz, NY.; Putnam and Northern WestChester Counties Board of Cooperative Educational Services,-Yorktown Heights, N.Y.; Ulster County Board of Cooperative Educational Service' /ew SPONS AGENCY Employee.. and Training Administration (DOL), Washington, D.C. Office of Youth Programs.'; Office of Elementary ind Secondary Education (ED), Washington; DC. Migrant Education Programs. PUB DATE 83 GRANT 28-84-0023 NOTE 454p.; For relates documents, see RC 014 933-946. Best copy.imailable. To avoid repetition ofidentical') pages, ceparate teacher logs, student logs, pre/post tests, and activity folders have been merged to create a single document. AVAILABLE FRO$CHOICE, P. 0. Box 250, New Paltz, NY 12561 (Teacher Log, $5.00 plus shipping; Student Log, $2.50 plus shipping; Student Activities -- laminated folders--$30.00 plus shipping)'. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use - Guides (For Teachers) (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC19 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Career Education; Cognitive Development; *Communications; *Construction Industry; Educational Games; Elementary Education; *Grade 4; Instructional Langukage-Arts; Learning Activities; Mass Media; Mathematics Skills; *Migrant Education; Occupational Clusters; *Occupational Information; Skill Development; Teaching Guides; Units of Study IDENTIFIERS *CHOICE (Career Education Curriculum) # ABSTRACT The documents aggregated here comprise the fourth grade unit of a career education curriculum for migrant students. The unit focuses on the tools.ind tasks of workers in 11 jobs in the construction, communication, and media occupational clusters: heavy equipment operator, architect, mason, carpenter, plumber, electrician, telephone line worker, announcer, photographer, journalist, and performer. -
Addendum to CORNISH-WINDSOR BRIDGE HAER No. NH-8 (Page 1)
Addendum to CORNISH-WINDSOR BRIDGE HAER No. NH-8 (Page 1) Introduction The Cornish-Windsor Bridge, the longest surviving covered bridge in the United States and the longest two-span covered bridge in the world, is a rare example of the notched squared timber Town lattice truss design.1 Built in 1866, it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and the American Society of Civil Engineers designated it as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark in 1970. One of the objectives of this study was to review and summarize the technical bibliography published about Cornish-Windsor Bridge. Since the bridge has an extraordinary span, its history includes a series of reinforcement, rehabilitation, and preservation issues that are worthy of study. The notched squared timber Town lattice truss is important as it represents a specific solution and modification to a known design to achieve a high load-bearing capacity and a high degree of stiffness, or rigidity, in a long structure. Notched squared timber Town lattice trusses, patented by Ithiel Town in 1839, represent a compromise-based solution by including fitted joints in the lattice. The most frequently cited advantage of the Town lattice trusses was that they did not need specialized carpentry work. Replacing overlapped planks and treenail joints with large-section lumber and notched joints meant that this criterion was not totally respected, though scarf (notched) joints–even if the members met at angles other than 90 degrees–were one of the simplest carpentry joints to make. The early development of wooden truss bridges and a general description of the major types, including the Town lattice truss, has been presented in detail in the history report for this bridge, and in materials listed in the bibliography, so they will not be repeated herein.2 The principal objectives of this study were: • to summarize technical information on notched squared timber Town lattice trusses generally and on Cornish-Windsor Bridge in particular. -
Thomas Silkstede's Renaissance-Styled Canopied Woodwork in the South Transept of Winchester Cathedral
Proc. Hampshire Field Club Archaeol. Soc. 58, 2003, 209-225 (Hampshire Studies 2003) THOMAS SILKSTEDE'S RENAISSANCE-STYLED CANOPIED WOODWORK IN THE SOUTH TRANSEPT OF WINCHESTER CATHEDRAL By NICHOLAS RIALL ABSTRACT presbytery screen, carved in a renaissance style, and the mortuary chests that are placed upon it. In Winchester Cathedral is justly famed for its collection of another context, and alone, Silkstede's work renaissance works. While Silkstede's woodwork has previ might have attracted greater attention. This has ously been described, such studies have not taken full been compounded by the nineteenth century account of the whole piece, nor has account been taken of thealteration s to the woodwork, which has led some important connection to the recently published renaissancecommentator s to suggest that much of the work frieze at St Cross. 'The two sets ofwoodwork should be seen here dates to that period, rather than the earlier in the context of artistic developments in France in the earlysixteent h century Jervis 1976, 9 and see Biddle sixteenth century rather than connected to terracotta tombs1993 in , 260-3, and Morris 2000, 179-211). a renaissance style in East Anglia. SILKSTEDE'S RENAISSANCE FRIEZE INTRODUCTION Arranged along the south wall and part of the Bishop Fox's pelican everywhere marks the archi west wall of the south transept in Winchester tectural development of Winchester Cathedral in Cathedral is a set of wooden canopied stalls with the early sixteenth-century with, occasionally, a ref benches. The back of this woodwork is mosdy erence to the prior who held office for most of Fox's panelled in linenfold arranged in three tiers episcopate - Thomas Silkstede (prior 1498-1524). -
Finishing Sander
Finishing Sander I. Competencies Given a properly adjusted finishing sander, accessories, instruction and demonstration of use, each student will be able to: A. Identify the major parts of the finishing sander. B. Pass a written test on safety and operating procedures of the finishing sander with 100 percent accuracy. C. Demonstrate ability to use the finishing sander, following suggested safety rules and correct operation procedures. II. Instructional Materials and Procedures A. Identification of basic finishing sander parts. 1. Brush Holder 6. Paper Clamp 2. Switch Lock 7. Pad 3. Trigger Switch 8. Paper Clamp 4. Handle 9. Aluminum Housing 5. Cord Strain Reliever 10. Front Hand Knob B. Finishing Sander Safety 1. Wear safety glasses at all times when using the finishing sander. 2. Wear a dust mask or respirator to prevent breathing the fine saw dust particles that are generated by the finishing sander. 3. Keep the electrical and extension cords away from the work area. 4. Wear hearing protectors when using finishing sanders that are noisy. 5. Secure or clamp the stock before starting the sanding operation. 6. Watch out for slick walking suffices when using the finishing sander. Fine dust particles will settle on the floor making it slick. 7. Visually inspect the sander to make sure the electrical cord is not frayed or pulled out of the sander housing. If either condition exists repair the sander before using. 8. If the sander sparks excessively when being used check the brushes. Reseat or replace the brushes as necessary to reduce sparking. 9. Do not over-extend and get off balance when using the finishing sander. -
The Deinstallation of a Period Room: What Goes in to Taking One Out
Figure 1. Brown Pearl Hall, West Boxford, Massachusetts, about 1704. Figure 2. Oak Hill Parlor, early 19th century, Peabody, Massachusetts. 2006 WAG Postprints—Providence, Rhode Island The Deinstallation of a Period Room: What Goes in to Taking One Out Gordon Hanlon, Furniture and Frame Conservation, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Melissa H. Carr, Masterwork Conservation ABSTRACT Many American museums installed period rooms in the early twentieth century. Eighty years later, different environmental standards and museum expansions mean that some of those rooms need to be removed and either reinstalled or placed in storage. Over the past four years the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston has deinstalled all of their European and American period rooms as part of a Master Plan to expand and reorganize the museum. The removal of the rooms was coordinated and supported by museum staff and performed by private contractors. The first part of this paper will discuss the background of the project and the particular issues of the museum to prepare for the deinstallation. The second part will provide an overview of the deinstallation of one specific, painted and fully-paneled room to illustrate the process. It will include comments on the planning, logistics, physical removal and documentation, as well as notes on its future reinstallation. Introduction he Museum of Fine Arts, Boston is in the process of implementing the first phase of a Master Plan which involves the demolition of the east wing of the museum and the building of a new American wing designed by the London-based architect Sir Norman Foster. This project required Tthat the museum’s eighteen period rooms (eleven American and seven European) and two large architec- tural doorways, on display in the east wing and a connector building, be deinstalled and stored during the construction phase. -
What's a Dado Anyway?
What’s A Dado Anyway? hen we first found the thing back The dado found on Nikumaroro has a Win 1989 we took it to be the cover number of features which make it particularly of some kind of box. Although it didn’t interesting: look much like an airplane part it was, 1. Although evidently used in what appeared at least, made of aluminum and, at the to be the village’s carpentry shop as a sur- Research In Progress Research In Progress Research In Progress end of a grueling expedition which had face to hammer upon, it was never cut apart, found little else, that was good enough. broken or even seriously bent. Alone among In the catalogue of artifacts from NIKU I, acces- the various pieces of aircraft debris found sion number 2-18 is described as “aluminum on the island to date, 2-18 is a complete plate with riveted bands on edges; part of box?” structure, and yet nowhere does it carry a found at “Karaka village, Ritiati, structure 17 part number. (carpenter’s shop?).” After six years of research 2. Identical pry marks at each of the holes we’re now able to provide a somewhat better in the right angle bend suggest that it was description. originally attached with nails to wooden TIGHAR Artifact 2-18 is a structure known flooring. in aviation parlance as a “dado.” An internal fixture rather than part of the airframe, a dado 3. Several modifications made to the structure is a panel (often insulated) which covers and suggest that it was installed in a different protects the juncture of the aircraft’s cabin location and served a slightly different flooring and the fabric-covered interior wall. -
Chippendale Mirror
uring the late 18th century, elaborately framed mirrors, known as looking glasses, served as testimonials to the Dwealth of their owners. A looking glass similar to the one shown here would have cost the owner 10 to 12 shillings, a hefty price considering that the average wage for a skilled tradesman of the time was about 6 shillings a day. This is the first serious piece I give my students to make. Be- cause I’m blending a traditional piece into a modern curricu- lum, I don’t go nuts over historical precedence and technique, and I take full advantage of modern machinery. For a small project, this mirror introduces a wide range of skills from basic design and layout to veneering and scrollwork. Each year, my class ends up with a great collection of stunning mir- rors that they present as thank-you gifts to mom and dad for the thousands doled out for tuition. Begin by constructing a two-layer frame Despite its elaborate appearance, this project has only two main parts. The frame, which I make first, consists of a visible mitered molding in mahogany that sits on top of a poplar subframe; sur- rounding it are scrollsawn parts made from a shopmade core with figured veneer (in this case makore) as the face veneer and plain veneer on the back. The common way to build a frame is to use 3⁄4-in.-thick primary Build a wood and miter the corners. Even when the joints are splined or Chippendale Mirror nailed, this is a poor approach. -
Fasteners Set the Industry's Highest Standards for Design, Ease of Use, and Reliability
Keeping your belt up and running SINCE 1907 HEAVY-DUTY MECHANICAL BELT FASTENING SYSTEMS A comprehensive line of mechanical belt fastening systems and belt conveyor maintenance tools that increase uptime and output. Around the world, the most respected name in belt conveyor solutions is Flexco. YOUR PARTNER IN The reason is simple. Flexco belt splicing products have earned the reputation for unsurpassed quality and performance in the most demanding material handling PRODUCTIVITY applications on earth. Our fasteners set the industry's highest standards for design, ease of use, and reliability. The knowledgeable advice and proven solutions we provide our customers help keep conveyor efficiency high and conveyor operation costs low. QUICK FACTS OVER 100 YEARS OF SUCCESS ABOUT FLEXCO • Flexco is a U.S.-based company and HAS BEEN BUILT has been in the belt industry since 1907. BY FOCUSING ON OUR • We have subsidiary locations in Australia, Chile, China, Germany, India, Mexico, Singapore, South Africa, and CUSTOMERS the United Kingdom to service and support customers in more than 150 countries around the world. We have learned to understand our customers' • We have more than 1800 distributor industries and challenges and to respond to their partners throughout the world—we changing needs. partner with the best distributors in We are constantly driving technology and design and every market we serve around the world to ensure our customers have strive to become the leader in belt conveyor solutions that ready access to our products, services, maximize uptime, productivity, and safety. and expert resources. We value industry relationships and believe that together, with a team of industry experts, our customers will • As a company, we focus on training and development and maintaining a receive greater value.