J. Jpn. Bot. 88: 286–290 (2013)

Epitypification of affinis ()

a, b Avishek Bhattacharjee * and Harsh Jee Chowdhery

aCentral National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Indian Botanic Garden, Howrah, 711 103 INDIA; bBotanical Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre, 192 Kaulagarh Road, Dehra Dun, 248 195 INDIA *Corresponding author:[email protected]

(Accepted on May 11, 2013)

The ‘lost holotype’ of Goodyera affinis Griff. (≡ affinis (Griff.) Seidenf. & Ormerod) has been traced and an epitype is selected for the name as all the available ‘original materials’ fail to depict the diagnostic characters of the species.

Key words: CAL, epitype, Goodyera affinis, , Hetaeria affinis, Orchidaceae, typification.

Goodyera affinis Griff. (Orchidaceae) was Herbarium no. 315’) was lost, but they did first described by William Griffith (1851a) not mention where it was actually kept before in ‘Notulae Plantas Asiaticas, vol. 3’ which disappearing. Later Pearce and Cribb (2002) Seidenfaden and Ormerod (Ormerod 2001) indirectly mentioned that the lost holotype was transferred to Hetaeria Lindl. (as H. affinis deposited at K (as ‘holo. K, lost’), whereas (Griff.) Seidenf. & Ormerod). Hetaeria affinis is Averyanov (2008) followed Seidenfaden and characterized by hammer-shaped which Ormerod (Ormerod 2001) and did not mention are gibbous on one side towards the dorsal the location of the holotype. During herbarium and hypochile with 1 entire or 3–5-fid appendage consultation at CAL we have found a herbarium on each side. This terrestrial orchid is scarcely sheet (Fig. 1) with two specimens of G. affinis distributed in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, mounted on a single sheet (single preparation). Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. As a part of The specimens were originally collected by revisionary studies on the subtribe Goodyerinae Griffith and labelled by him (‘Goodyera sp., Ridl. in India, an epitype is selected for G. affinis towards Negriga, 1.18.36’) which is evident (basionym of H. affinis) to resolve its ambiguity from the hand-writing of Griffith present in the in typification which is elaborated in the present label. The date of collection mentioned in the paper. protologue of G. affinis and in the label-data of CAL 459833 is same. Further, the locality Systematic treatment mentioned in the protologue (as ‘Negrogam’), in While transferring Goodyera affinis to the label-data of CAL specimen (as ‘Negriga’) Hetaeria, Seidenfaden and Ormerod (Ormerod and in ‘Journals of Travels in Assam, Burma, 2001) mentioned that the holotype (‘In sylvis, Bhootan, Afghanistan and the Neighbouring Negrogam propin, January 18th, 1836. Assam Countries’ (as ‘Negrigam’) by Griffith (1847)

—286— October 2013 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 88 No. 5 287

Fig. 1. Holotype of Goodyera affinis Griff. (INDIA. Assam. ‘Goodyera sp., towards Negriga, 1.18. 36’, Griffith 315/ s.n., CAL 459833). 288 植物研究雑誌 第 88 巻 第 5 号 2013 年 10 月

Fig. 2. Griffith’s icon ofGoodyera affinis Griff. (Ic. Pl. Asiat. 3: t. 351B, f. 7). Enclosed area. are same, but with orthographic variation. December 2012 through IBLO, K) – ‘if there is We trust that the holotype of G. affinis had a specimen labelled Griffith 315 at CAL, then never been kept at K. During a personal this may well be the holotype’. Though the communication with Dr. Renata Borosova CAL specimen is devoid of ‘Assam Herbarium (in December 2012 through IBLO, K) we no. 315’, it is not unusual for the specimens confirmed that the holotype of G. affinis was cited by Griffith (1851a) for different taxa with not present at K and it could not be certain if ‘Assam Herbarium nos.’. It is evident (Griffith it was earlier present at K or not, whereas Dr. 1847) that Griffith collected only one species of Andre Schuiteman mentioned (pers. comm. in Goodyera on 18 January 1836 from the vicinity October 2013 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 88 No. 5 289

A B

Fig. 3. Epitype of Goodyera affinis Griff. (INDIA. Assam. Khasia Hills, Mamloo, January 1897, Pantling s.n, CAL 459834). Right. Close-up of rachis from the selected epitype. of Negrigam which he (Griffith 1851a) later for purposes of the precise application of the named G. affinis. Therefore, we are sure that name, Goodyera affinis. However, the purpose the CAL specimen is the ‘lost holotype’ of G. can only be achieved if both of these ʻoriginal affinis. Unfortunately said holotype is severely materialsʼ are simultaneously considered damaged and there is not a single flower exists that the characters of vegetative parts can be to describe the important diagnostic characters represented by the holotype, whereas the floral of the species. Apart from the holotype, the characters can be depicted from Griffith’s icon. only available ‘original material’ of G. affinis However, the Melbourne Code (McNeill et is the icon (Ic. Pl. Asiat. 3: t. 351B, f. 7; Fig. 2) al. 2012) does not allow designating both a provided by Griffith (1851b), which he referred specimen and an illustration simultaneously as a in the protologue of G. affinis. Interestingly, holotype/lectotype. Further, a neotype cannot be ‘t. 351B, f. 7’ portrays only some floral parts designated in this case as there are two original (not the entire ), which are not sufficient materials, though these fail to serve the purpose enough to depict the diagnostic characters of of typification. Therefore, ‘Pantling s.n.’ (CAL G. affinis. Only with the Griffith’s illustration 459834) is designated here as epitype of G. it is hardly possible to identify G. affinis (≡ H. affinis according to ‘Art. 9.8’ of the Melbourne affinis). Therefore, both the available original Code (McNeill et al. 2012) which is a complete materials (individually) are demonstrably specimen and supports the available ‘original ambiguous and cannot be critically identified materials’ of G. affinis. 290 植物研究雑誌 第 88 巻 第 5 号 2013 年 10 月

Goodyera affinis Griff., Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 391 of G. affinis. (1851) & Ic. Pl. Asiat. 3: t. 351B, f. 7 (1851). Type: INDIA. Assam. ‘Goodyera sp., References towards Negriga, 1.18. 36’, Griffith 315/ s.n. Averyanov L. 2008. The Orchids of Vietnam illustrated (CAL 459833!–holotype; Fig. 1). Khasia Hills, survey, part 1. Turczaninowia 11(1): 5–168. Griffith W. 1847. Journals of travels in Assam, Burma, Mamloo, 610 m, January 1897, Pantling s.n. Bhootan, Afghanistan and the neighbouring countries. (CAL 459834! –epitype, designated here; Fig. Bishop’s College Press, Calcutta. http://zomilibrary. 3). com/main/items/show/99. Accessed on 7 December Hetaeria affinis (Griff.) Seidenf. & Ormerod 2012. in Oasis (Dora Creek), Suppl. 2: 9 (2001). Griffith W. 1851a. Notulae Plantas Asiaticas 3. Charles A. Serrao, Calcutta (p. 391). Distribution: Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Griffith W. 1851b. Icones Plantarum Asiaticarum3 . Charles India, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam. A. Serrao, Calcutta (t. 347). Ormerod P. 2001. A memorial contribution to the orchid We are thankful to the Ministry of Environ- flora of Thailand. Oasis (Dora Creek), Suppl. 2: 7–10. Pearce N. R. and Cribb P. J. 2002. The Orchids of Bhutan. ment and Forest, Government of India for pp. 97–98. Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh and providing funds under ‘Flora of India’ project Royal Government of Bhutan, Thimpu. and Director, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata McNeill J., Barrie F. R., Buck W.R., Demoulin V., Greuter for research facilities. We are grateful to Dr. K. W., Hawksworth D.L., Herendeen P., Knapp S., N. Gandhi, Senior Nomenclatural Registrar of Marhold K., Prado J., Prud’homme Van Reine W. F., Smith G.F., Wiersema J. H. and Turland N. J. Harvard University Herbaria for his valuable (eds.) 2012. International Code of Nomenclature for suggestions and for supporting this typifica- Algae, Fungi, and (Melbourne Code) adopted tion. We heartily acknowledge Dr. V. Sampath by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Kumar, IBLO, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Melbourne, , July 2011. Koeltz Scientific Books, Koenigstein [Reg. Veg. 154]. Dr. Andre Schuiteman and Dr. Renata Borosova Pridgeon A. M., Cribb P. J., Chase M. W. and Rasmussen F. of Department of Herbarium, Library, Art and N. 2003. Genera Orchidacearum 3, (Part Archives of Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew for 2), Vanilloideae. Oxford University Press, Oxford. their help and critical comments on the holotype

A. Bhattacharjeea，H. J. Chowdheryb：Goodyera affinis（ラン科）のエピタイプ選定 ラ ン 科 植 物 Goodyera affinis Griff. (Hetaeria affinis しかしながら，ホロタイプは花序の部分がほぼ完全に破 (Griff.) Seidenf. & Ormerod) の ホ ロ タ イ プ は か つ て K 壊され，図譜には本種の特徴が描かれていない．そこで， にあり，それは失われてしまったという．しかしなが Goodyera affinis Griff. についてエピタイプを選定した． ら，CAL にはホロタイプに相当する標本がある (CAL エピタイプは Pantling s.n. (CAL 459834; Fig. 3) である． 459833, Fig. 1)．一方，本種については Griffith 自身が （a インド・植物調査所国立中央標本館， 発表した図譜がある (Ic. Pl. Asiat. 3: t. 351B, f. 7, Fig. b インド・植物調査所北部地域センター） 2)．これらは original materials に相当するものである．