THE HAND BOOK

OF THE NATIONAL AMERICAN WOMAN ...b. ASSOCIATION

AND

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE FORTY- SIXTH ANNUAL CONVENTION

HELD AT NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE NOVEMBER 12-1 7

(INCLUSIVE) , 1914

NATIONAL AMERICAN WOMAN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION 505 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK CITY PRZNRD BY N. W. 1. PUOLIBBINC8 00.9 INC. ..- , CONTENTS

PAGE Affiliated Members. List of ...... 200 Affiliated Members. Report of...... 132 Associate Members. List of...... 211 Auditors.Report of...... 48 Call ...... 9 CampaignCommittee. Report of Special ...... 117 Campaign States.List of ...... 13 Campaign States. Report of ...... 144 ChurchWork Committee. Report of...... 127 Congressional Committee. FinancialStatement ...... 53 Congressional Committee. Report of ...... 76 Constitution and By-Laws ...... 191 Constitution Requirements ...... II ConventionPolicies and General Platform ...... II Co-operating Members ...... 211 CredentialsCommittee. Report of ...... 55 Data Department, Report of ...... 64 Delegates Present at Convention ...... 183 Elections Committee. Report of ...... 124 ExecutiveSecretary, Report of...... 37 FieldSecretary, Report of ...... 74 FinancialReport ...... 50 Honorary Vice-Presidents, List of...... 198 LegalAdviser, Report of ...... 73 Life Members. List of ...... 205 Literature Committee. Report of ...... 66 Membership Committee, Report of ...... 123 Minutes of Convention,Condensed ...... 21 National Woman Suffrage Ptlblishing Co., Inc., Report of...... 68 Officers and Cornmittee ChairmenDirectory ...... 5 PledgeList ...... 188 Presidential Suffrage Committee. Report of ...... 126 Presidents of the Association. List of...... 8 President’s Response to the Address of Welcome ...... 18 Press Bureau, Report of ...... 57 Press Bureau of the Campaign Committee, Report of Chair . of ... 89 Previous Conventions, List of ...... 8 Program ...... 14 Resolutions Committee, Report of ...... 129 Resolutions and Grcetings, Special ...... 20, 211: Sixty-Third Congress. History of Suffrage in the ...... 100 Suffrage Day, National ...... 13 Treasurer,Report of., ...... 50 DIRECTORY OF OFFICERSAND COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN

President-DR. ,505 Fifth Avenue, New York. Fzrst Vice-Presidertt-MRS. STANLEY McCORMICK, 505 Fifth Ave- 'nue, New York. Second Vice-Presiden#-MRS. DESHA BRECKINRIDGE, Lexington, Kentucky. Third Vice-Preside'nt-MISS KATHARINE BEMENTDAVIS, 145 East 35th Street, NewYork. Recording Secretary-MRS. RICHARD Y. FITZGERALD, 7 Greenough Avenue, Jamaica Plain, Mass. Corresfionding Secretary-MRS. ORTON H. CLARK,Kalamazoo, Michigan. Treaszcrer-MRS. HENRYWADE ROGERS, 505 Fifth Avenue, New York. First Auditor-MRS. WALTER McNAB MILLER, Columbia,Missouri. Secad Auditor-MRS. MEDILL McCORMICK, 500 Diversey Park- way,Chicago.

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS Executive Secretary-MRS. CHARLES FORSTER CAMP, 505 .Fifth Avenue, New York City. Field Secretary-MISS LAVINIA ENGLE, 505 Fifth Avenue,New York City.

PUBLICITYAND PRESS DEPARTMENT Chairman-MR. CHARLES T. HALLINAN, 505 Fifth Avenue,New York City. Press Agent-MISS CLARA SAVAGE, 505 Fifth Avenue, New York City.

NATIONAL WOMAN SUFFRAGE PUBLISHING CO., Inc. Presiderct-MRS. CYRUS W. FIELD, 505 Fifth Avenue, New York City. Martager-MISS ANNA DeBAUN, 505 Fifth Avenue, New York City. 7 6 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION CHURCHWORK CHAIRMEN OF STANDING AND SPECIAL ’ COMMITTEES Mrs. Mary E. Craigie...... ,1012 13th St., N. W., Washington, D. C. ADVISER FINANCE COMMITTEE LEGAL Miss Mary Towle ...... 1 Broadway, New York City ChairmawMRS.HENRY WADE ROGERS, 505 Fifth Avenue, New York City. OFFICERSOF THE EXECUTIVECOWNCIL Chairman at Large-Dr. Anna Howard Shaw President 505 Fifth Ave., New York City Sub-Committees Dr. Anna Howard Shaw ...... Publicity Department Finance Secretary Chairman-Mrs. Thompson Seton Miss Gratia Erickson ...... Evanston, 111. Campaign Finance Committee (See Campaign Committee) NOTE:Because of the number of special Sub-Committees of the Chairman-Mrs. Henry Wade Rogers Finance and Campaign Committees, established by votes of the Nashville Convention,we are printing the following diagram to make clear their Photo Play Finance Committee interrelation. Chairman-Mrs. Medill McCormick

~~ CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE Chairman FINANCE r CAMPAIGN Mrs. Medill McCormick ...... 500 Diversey Parkway, Chicago, 111. COMMITTEE COMMITTEE Executive Vice-chairman Chairman, Mrs. Rogers Chairman, Miss Sbaw Mrs. Antoinette Funk ...... Munsey Bldg., Washington, D. C. CAMPAIGNCOMMITTEE Chairman Dr,Anna Howard Shaw ...... 505 Fifth Ave., New York City Sub-Committees Campaign Finance (See Finance Committee) Chairman-Mrs. Henry Wade Rogers SURVEY Mrs. Antoinette Funk ..-...... Munsey Bldg., Washington, D. C. VOTERS’CO-OPERATIVE COMMITTEE Miss Mary E. O’Neil ...... Butte, Montana ELECTIONS Mrs. Thompson Seton Mrs. Sherman M. Booth ...... Glencoe, Ill. \ LIlmmJRE Xss Caroline Ruutz-Rees ...... Greenwich, Com. &IDERSHIP \ -- -- fiS. James Lees Laidlaw 48 East 34th St., New York: City ...... “Your Girl and LOCAL AIUUNGEMENTS Mrs. charles Forster camp ...... 505 Fifth Ave., New York City. Mine” PRESIDENTIAL SUFFRAGE FINANCE COMMITTEE JI Mis5 Elizabeth Upham Yates ...... 209 Butler Ave,. Providace, R. 1. I PROGRAM Chairmauc, Mrs. Chairman, Chairman, Dr- Anna Howard Shaw (ExSfficio) . 505 Fifth Ave., New York City Medill McCormick Mrs. Rogers Miss Mary E. O’Neil 8 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 9

Since the NationalAmerican Woman Suffrage Associa- tion wasincorporated in 1890, theConventions have been held as follows : CALL TO FORTY-SIXTHCONVENTION OF THE 1891-Washington, D. C., February 22-26. THE 1892-Washington,D. C., February 19-21. NATIONALAMERICAN WOMAN SUFFRAGE 1893--Washington, D. C., January 16-19. ASSOCIATION 189GWashington, D. C., February 15-20. 1895-AtlantaJ Ga., January 31 to February 5. TheNational American Woman Suff rageAssociation 18SWashington, D. C., January 23-28. issues this year the Call for its forty-sixth Annual Convention. 1897-DesMoines, Ia., January 26-29. It summons the delegates of itssixty member-associations 1898--Washington, D. C., February 13-19. to meet together for inspiration and for counsel. 1899-Grand Rapids, Mich., April 27 to May 3. Being met, they are to hear from each other of victories 1900-Washington, D. C., February 8-14. won, of progress rapid and evermore rapid towards our 1901--Minneapolis,Minn., June 1-5. mighty goal, of the nation’s constantly widening sympathy 1902--Washington, D. C., February 14-18. with our high aim. Our task will be to formulate judgmcnt 1903-New Orleans, La., March 15-25. on those great issues of the day which nearly concern women; 1904-Washington,D. C., February 11-17. to choose the leaders who, during the comingyear, are to 1905-Portland, Ore., June 28 to July 5. guide thefortunes of ourcause; and finally, to deliberate 1906--Baltirnore, Md., February 7-13. how the wholeNational body may, on the one hand, best 1?07-Chicago,Ill., February 14-19. give aid and succor to the states working for their own en- 1908--Buffalo,N. Y.,October 15-21. franchisement, and, on the other, press for federal action in 1909-SeattleJ Washington, July 1-6. behalf of the women of the nation at large. May our resolu- 1910-Washington, D. C., April 14-19. tions and conclusions be born of wisdom and power, be in: 1911-Louisville, Ky., October 19-25. spired .by the deep sense of kinshipand sympathy, potent 191LPhiladelphia, Pa.,November 21-26. to warm the heart and fire the will to further effort, which 1913-Washington, D. C., November 29 to December 5. springs from intercoursewith fellow-workers gathered to- 1914-NashvilleJTenn., November 12-17. gether from far and wide. Since the last Convention met, all the horror of a great PRESIDENTS OF THE ASSOCIATION war has fallen upon the civilized world. The hearts of thou- 1890-1892 . sands of womenhave been torn for the death and wounds 1892-1900 Susan B. Anthony. of those they bore, of those they love. Yet never has their 1900-1904 will and power to help been greater, never man’s need of 1904- Anna Howard Shaw. such help been moreclearly seen. We, who are spared the anguish of war, well understandthat, as weight is given in the world’s affairs to the voice of women, moved as men are not, by all the tragic waste of battles, the chances of such slaughter must perpetually diminish. Now is the time, when allthings point to the violence that rules the world, now 11 10 PROCEEDINGS OF THE PORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

is the very time to press our claim to a share in the guidance REQUIREMENTS OF THE CONSTITUTION of our country’s fortunes, to urge that woman’s vision must Concerning the Programand Business second and rectify that of man. Of thArtnual Convention Let us, then,in Convention asserllbled, kindle with the No credentials shall be issued afterthe close of the first business thought that,as we considermethods forthe politica1 en- day. The General Officers shall be elected by ballot on the last day but franchisement of our sex, our wider purpose is to free women one of the Convention. and to enable woman’s conception of life inall its aspects Nominations shall be made tothe Association at leasttwenty-four to find expression. Then woman’s horror of war and of all hours before the Election. needless misery, woman’s indignation at the exploitation of The morning session of the second business day, or as much thereof her sister-woman, woman’s care for andwise stress upon as may be necessary, shall be given to discussion of the tentative budget. Beginning with the morning session of thefourth business day, no the needs of the child will become operative. Let us set a further business shall be considered until a budget for the ensuing year fresh seal upon the great new loyalty of woman to woman; shall have been adopted. letour response be felt in the deeptide of fellowship and The Executive Council understandingbetween all women which to-day is rising The Council shall, at its pre-convention session, give special considcra- round the world. tion tothe budget for the coming year and make recommendations in ANNAHOWARD SHAW, regard thereto to the Convention. , ASecretary other than a Directorshall be nominated and elected MADELINEBRECRINRIDGE, by acclamation at the post-convention meeting of the Council. The Council shall, at its post-convention session, elect from its own CAROLINE RUUTZ-REES, number a Committee on Membership. SUSANWALKER FITZGERALD, Amercdments KATHARINE DEXTERMCCORMICK, THECONSTITUTION can be amended by a two-thirds vote of any annual HARRIETBURTON LAIDLAW, convention after one day’s notice, provided said amendment has been LOUISEDEKOVEN BOWEN, given ,to the Board and published by it in at least three leading Suffrage General officers of the periodicals not less than six weeks before the convention. National American Woman TEE BY-LAWSmay be amended by a two-thirds vote of any annual Suffrage Association. convention after one clay’s notice in the convention. Headquarters, 505 Fifth Avenue, POLICIESAND GENERAL PLATFORM New York City. AS DEFINED AT THE NASHVILLE CONVENTION Non-Partisanship I. That the NationalAmerican Woman Suffrage Asso- ciation re-affirm its policy of the past asbeing non-partisan. II. Thatthe N. A. W. S. A. is absolutely opposed to holding any political party responsible for the opinions and acts of its individual members, or holding any individual publicofficial or candidate responsible for the actionof his party majority-on the question of Wornan Suffrage. 13 12 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

. Congressional Legislation 2. ASSOCIATE-Any organization officiaily endorsing That the policy of the N. A. W. S, A. shall be to support, suffrage, upon approval of two-thirds of the Executive by every means within its power, in the future as in the past, Council and upon payment of $50.00 annual dues. the amendmentknown asthe Susan B. Anthony Amend- 3. CO-OPERATIVE-Any individual paying annual ment-and further, to support such other legislationas the dues of $10.00. National Board mayauthorize and initiate to the end that 4. LIFE-Any individual paying $100.00. the Susan B. Anthony Resolution may become law. NOTE:Two specificpieces of CongressionalLegislation Organizations that have joined the N. A. W. S. A. since the Convention of'December, 1913 : were discussed by the Convention with evident favor- I. TheShafroth-Palmer Amendment. National Men's League. Ladies of the Modern Maccabees. II. A measure to secure to women through Congres- South Carolina Equal Suffrage League. sional action their right to vote for all federal officers. Louisiana Equal Suff rage League. The Equal Suffrage League of . The Washington Woman Suffrage Council. Organization of Congressional Work in theStates The Georgia Woman Suffrage League. Thatthe machinery for Congressional work be estab- Tennessee (a second state organization). lished for carrying out suggestionsmade by the Congressional Committee-when approved by the majority of the State As- NATIONAL SUFFRAGE DAY sociations in the state concerned-and that the Congressional Committee shallgive out information and suggestions for At the Convention in Nashville, Tenn., November, 1914, Congressional work in any state only through the machinery it was unanimously established for Congressionalwork, as aboveprovided for, VOTED,To set apart the first Saturday in May annually, but that the State Associations shall determine how this material to be known as National Suffrage Day. shall be used. That when the majority of the various State Associa- 1914-CAMPAIGN STATES tions in a state cannot agree upon some plan of co-operation (States where the suffrage amendment was submitted to the voters, for establishing such machinery, the Congressional Committee Kovember, 1914.) shall not work in said state. MONTANA ...... won MISSOURI:...... : ...... lost BASIS OF MEMBERSHIP NEBRASKA...... lost won As established at the Nashville Convention NEVADA ...... NORTHDAKOTA ...... i...... lost . 1. AFFILIATED-Any Suffrageorganization of 200 or OHIO ...... lost more members. Total membership to be certified to-Pay- SOUTHDAKOTA ...... lost ment of ten cents per member on allmembers up to 1,500 or more if desired. Representationin Convention by .one PRESENT CAMPAIGN STATES delegate for every 100 paid-up members, up to 5,OOO-no Iowa ...... 1916 representation beyond that number. ...... 1915 14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Election Committee...... Miss Gratia Erickson New Jersey ...... !...... 1915 Credentials Committee (preliminary), New York 1915 ...... ’ Mrs.Stanley McCormick Pennsylvania ...... 1915 Auditors...... Mrs. Harriet Burton Laidlaw South Dakota ...... 1916 Treasurer and Finance Committee, Mrs. Stanley McCormick West Virginia ...... 1916 Congressional Committee...... Mrs. Medill McCormick Tennessee ...... (not before) 1918 Afternoon, 2.30 o’clock HELP FROM THE NATIONAL In sending workers to help in campaign states the policy of the Board is thatthe National shall be responsible for the salary and all railroad expenses to and from the state and within thestate but that the organization to whom the worker is sent shall be responsible for en- Evening, 8 o‘clock tertainment and for all local and incidental expenses. CAMPAIGN STATES : PROGRAM OF CONVENTION President presiding. WEDNESDAY, November 11 : Greetings from Governor B. W. Hooper of Tennessee. Celebration of Campaign States : CredentialsCommittee on duty all day-Hermitage Hotel. Nevada, Miss Anne Martin. Meeting of the Board of Directors-Hermitage Hotel Montana, Miss Mary Stewart. Informal Conference of the Executive Council-Parlors of North Dakota, Mrs. Clara L. Darrow. Hermitage Hotel, 10 a. m., 2.30 p. m. and 8 p. m. Nebraska, Mrs. Draper Smith, Delegates are invited to attend, but the meeting will Missouri, Mrs. Walter McNab Miller, not be open to the public or the press. Ohio, Miss Flora E. Worthington. President‘s Annual Address. THURSDAY, November 12 : Morning, 9 o’clock FRIDAY, November 13: Morning, 10 o’clock Regular Executive Councilmeeting-Representatives’ Hall, State Capitol. Report of Executive Secretary ...... Presentation of Budget,...... Mrs. Stanley McCormick 11 o’clock Convention called to order by the President. Afternoon, 2.30 o’clock Greetings: Mayor Hillary Howse of Nashville, Mrs. Crozier-French. Mrs. Guilford Dudley. Response on behalf of the N. A. W. S. A.: Mrs. Maud Howe Elliott. Evening, 8 o’clock Reports : VOTERS’ EVENING, under the auspices of the National Men’s Program Committee...... Dr. Anna Howard Shaw League for Woman Suffrage-Mr. James LeesLaidlaw prc- Membership Committee...... Mrs. Lillian Feickert siding. 16 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 17

Addresses : SUNDAY, November 15 : Gov.-Elect Rye. SenatorLuke Lea, Afternoon, 3 o’clock Miss Helen Eacker; of Kansas. Mass Meeting...... Ryman Auditorium (Fifth Avenue) . Miss S. Grace Nicholes, of Illinois. . Presiding ...... Jane Addams Hon. Leon Locke, of Louisiana. Addresses : Pres. H.. S. Barker, University of Kentucky. “The South Needs Her Women”. ....Mrs. Desha Breckinridge Mr. Charles T. Hallinan, of Chicago, Vice-president of the “Women and War” ...... Mme. Rosika Schwimmer National Men’s League forWoman Suffrage, “The Attitude of the International Council of Women on Suf- Mr. R. A. McDowell, of Kentucky. frage”...... Mrs. Kate Waller Barrett “The Industrial Woman’s Need of the Vote,” SATURDAY, November 14 : MissRose Schneiderman Morning, 10 o’clock Evening, 8 o’clock Nomination of Officers : Greetings from SouthernStates Woman Suffrage Conference: The officers of the National Association, delegates and visitors to Miss Kate M. Gordon. the Convention will be entertained by Mrs. Benjamin g Wilson, Reports : at her home, Wilmor Manor. Legal Adviser ...... Mary Towle Field Secretary...... Jane Thompson MONDAY, November 16 : Credentials Committee (final) ...... Mrs. Stanley McCormick Adoption of Amendments to Constitution. Morning, 10 o’clock Reports : Committee on Presidential Suffrage.. .Miss Elizabeth U. Yates Adoption of the Budget. Committee on Church Work...... Mrs. Mary Craigie Election of Officers. Raising the year’s funds. Afternoon, 2.30 o’clock Reports : Afternoon, 2.30 o’clock Affiliated andAuxiliary Organizations. Report of Resolutions Committee. Conference on Methods of Work. New Business. Evening, 8 o’clock Evening, 8 o’clock The State andNational Campaigns: Addr.esses : An unpublished “Friendship Village” Story...... Miss Zona Gale Miss Alice Stone Blackwell, President of the Massachusetts Singing by the Fiske Jubilee Singers. Woman Suff rage Association, “Your ,Girl and Mine,” a moving picture play,presented to the Mrs. Antoinette Funk, Member of National Congressional National Association by Mrs. Medill McCormick. Committee. Mrs. Raymond Brown, President of New YorkWoman Suf- TUESDAY, November 17 : frage Association. Miss Hannah Patterson, Chairman of Pennsylvania Woman Morning, 10 o’clock Suffrage Party. Meeting of the Executive Council, Hotel Hermitage. Mrs. Maud WoodPark, Secretary of Boston Equal Suffrage Association. Afternoon, 2.30 o’clock Mrs. Edward F.’Feickert, President of the ‘New Jersey Woman Suff rage Association. Meeting of Board of Directors, Hotel Hermitage. 18 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 19

PRESIDENT'S RESPONSE TO ADDRESS OF WELCOME. the power that held the South steadfast, that held the homes of the South together, that kept thetraditions of the Souththat made the I regret that Mrs. Maud Howe Elliot who was expected to respond South the power it is to-day was the loyalty, the patriotism, unconquer- to your cordial addresses of 'welcome, on behalf of the National Suffrage able courage and the devotion of Southern women in that hour of darkness Association is unable, because of her wifely dutyto a sick husband, to be here. We learned of itat the last moment, and the National and despair. Had it not been for this new spirit, of action born of the necessity ofthe times in thecharacter of Southern women to inspire Board asked me to express our appreciation of all that has beendone to insurea successful session. May I explain that Mrs. Maud Howe Southern men with hope and courage, desolation would still beOver the Elliot is the daughter of Julia WardHowe and like her distinguished South;but because women were there,though stripped of all their formerpride and glory, they evolved from within themselves a power mother is devoting herself to the reform movements of her time. which one knows that women possess until some hour of extreme Mr. Mayor, Madam President and friends : In behalf of the National no trial calls it forth, and then we learn that never has there been in any Suffrage Association it gives me great pleasure to extend our sincere period of historya test of human enduranceand wisdomwhen women thanks for your cordial greetings and welcome to your city-a city about havenot responded and become the inspiration, the hope, thestrength which memories cling which make it dear to the whole history of our and thecourage of manhood. If any women of this nation have ever country, and to come to this city brings for a moment back to the be- us bought their freedom and paid a dear price for it, it is the women of the ginning of a struggle which will not be ended until the women, as well Southland. as the men of this country are free citizens. I can not see how any man who calls himself a democrat can fail Weare also glad to come to your city because some of have us to recognize thatthe fundamental principle of democracy.is the right been here-before and knew what generosity would be lavished upon us, of the citizens to a voice in the governmentunder which that citizen and you have not disappointed our anticipations. You began in such a lives : much less can I understand how anySouthern mancan look in way that we thought you could do no more, but present indications point the faceof aSouthern woman knowing that they are branded as no that there are other pleasures in store for although it seemed to us, us other body of intelligent people in thiscountry are-by the brand of that you began at the climax of hospitality, for there is not a Northern -that they are deprived of that one symbolof power womanwho has not longed all her life-whose heart hasn't longed for which elevates the citizens of a democracy out of ' the class of the a barbecue; and this form of welcome extended atthe home of that disfranchised with all the defective and unfit peoples in the nation.No great Democrat-Andrew Jackson, who never allowed any obstacle to other country has subjected its women to the humiliating position to impede the progress of his service to his country, should inspire us which the womenof this nation have been subjected bymen. No other with like zeal. nation has ever reduced women to the position politically which the un- When His Honor the Mayor spoke of the hope that ifwomen en- enfranchised women of this nation hold. Germany,German women tered intothe political life of our country, conditions wouldbe made In are governed by German men; in France, French women are governed better, forgot the North and turned back memory to the great South, I in by Frenchmen; and in Great Britain,British women are governed by and if I had but oneargument in favorof our cause, aside fromthe British men ; but in this country American women are governed by every of the right of the human being freedom and fundamental arguments to kind of a man underthe light of the sun. There is no race, thereis justice, I should point to the women of the South. No stronger argument no color, there is no nationality of men who are not the sovereign rulers can be found in the South than the women themselves. When we recall the of American women. And while I am a democrat-not a partisan demo- history of the South; when we think of what women have meant to it, crat, because being womenwe cannot be partisans of any ParW-it I wonder how even a woman, in all the breadth of her generosity, can takes a man, any kind of a man or no kind of a man to be a member say it is the men of this country who have made what we are. us of a political party; women in a disfranchised state cannot be a partisan It is not the men of this country who have made this nation what democrat-but she can be 'something better than that-she can be a it is-it is the men and the women who have made the nation what it DEMO- CRAT. While I am democrat enough to believe it is right for all mefl is, and in no part of it have women contributed more than in the South. who put intothe life of this nation their strength, their enerm,their When we look back over the past history; when we see the land bar- brawn and brain ; who rear and educate their children, to have a voice in ren; and desolation everywhere; when we see the homes left destitute and their government, yet I believe it is a crime that these men of all nations the women prostrate by the graves of their dead and many who are be- and all races have the power to say that American women may not have reft even ofthe knowledge of where their dead lie; when we realize a voice in their own government. that the men of theSouth were nearly all swept away we know that The only way men can redeem themselves, the only Way they can be 20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 21

honestAmerican citizens and democrats is to stand by the fundamental ’ aduniversally admitted to the councils of the Nations. And then there principle of democracy-that “Governmentsderive theirjust powers from the consent of the governed,” “governed” women as well as“gov- erned” men, and when Nashville andTennessse and theSouth and the North and theEast and the West shall stand on thisbasic principle ofjust government, andhave this ideal correspondwith the fact, then we shall have a Republic, and have a government of the people, by the people and for the people. Then sporadic chivalry will give place to per- CONDENSED MINUTES ‘OFTHE CONVENTION manent and equal justice, forwhere justice rules thereis no need of November 12-17, 1914. chivalry. REPRESENTATIVES’HALL, STATE CAPITOL, NASHVILLE, TENN. PRE-CONVENTIONMEETING OF THE EXECUTIVECOUNCIL. PRESENTED BY IDA E. CAMPBELL. Thursday, November 12,1914. Greetings to the National AmericanWoman Suffrage Associations Meeting called toorder at 9:40, PresidentShaw in the chair. The from the National Union of Woman Suffrage Societies in Canada. rollwas called by the RecordingSecretary. The minutes of the in- We in Canada feel modest aboutour work when we think of the formal conference of thepteceding day wereread by Mrs. Graham of achievements of our American sisters-of four million voting women, Louisiana,who had served as Secretary. of the new States which are being added yearly to the suffrage roll, anil On motion duly made and seconded it was send our warmestcongratulations tothe ,newly enfranchised states, as Voted, That the minutes be accepted without ratification. well as to the suffragists all over the Union whose enthusiasm and self- On motion duly made and seconded it was sacrifice has helped to bring about the victory. Voted, That the seating of delegates be settled bylot. Our CanadianNational Union is barely eight months old butit On motion of the chairman of the Elections Committee, duly sec- represents many affiliated societies in all sections of the Dominion. There onded, it was are flourishing suffrage societies in all of our provinces, with provincial or- Voted, To recommend to the Convention the adoption of an atnend- ganizations inthree. We have a limited municipal vote for women in ment to By-Law 1, section 1 to cousist of the following paragraph: “The most of the provinces, but so farthere is no parliamentary vote for generalofficers of this Association shall be elected by ballot on the women in Canada. It has been almost in sight once or twice in our last day but one of theannual meeting. Nominations shall be made to the Association at least twcnty-four hours before the election.” Western Provinces and it may well be that, as with you, the West will motion duly made and seconded it was lead the East, although the longest and hardest suffrage.work, in both On Voted, That the Council recomménd to the Convention the adoption of countries has been done in the East. the following resolution: That theNational American Woman Suffrage At presentthe cloud of a devastatingwar is over us all. As with Association reaffirm its policy of the past as being non-partisan. our sisters in , although to alesser extent, it overshadows all On motion duly made and seconded it was our work, andsuffrage activities have suffereda partial eclipse, Our Voted, That the Council recommend to the Convention the adoption Canadian women have responded tothe call of theircountry as nobly of the following resolution: as the men and work for the soldiers,with relief work for those who That it is the sense of this Council that the non-partisan policy of. aresuffering directly and indirectly fromthe war in Canada, England the National American Woman Suffrage Association requires thatits and Belgium, isthe order of the day. Our National President, Mrs. attitude toward the individual members of Congress, or candidates there- L. Hamilton of Toronto is at the head of the relief work in that for, shall be determined by the individual attitude or record of such city, under the Women’s Patriotic League, and the feeling is still gen- members of Congress, or candidates, on Woman Suffrage, but not by the, eralthat the Palrioticactivities of thesuffragists are doing much to attitude orrecord of the party to which they belong. Motion carried 42 enhance the cause Of woman suffrage in the eyes of the Canadian public. by to 15. It is indeed our hope that when the war is over, a new era may dawn On motion duly made and seconded, it was Voted, That this body adjourn as the Executive Council and reconvene for womanhood throughout the world, an era of enlarged opportunities, immediately as the Convention. and widened activities, which will hasten the time when she is freely The Council adjourned at 11 :15. 22 FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 23

THE CONVENTION. Thereport of the Auditorswas then presented by Mrs.Laidlaw, Morning Session, Thursday, December 12, 1914. first auditor, and accepted. Miss Lindsley of Nashville, representing the Women’sAuxiliary of The Secretary read a letter of greeting from the Colorado Federation theSouthern Commercial Congress, headquarters, Washington, D.C., ofWomen’s Clubs, On motion duly made and seconded it was wasgiven the privilege of the floor, andwith appropriate remarks pre- Voted, That the Secretary send a letter of appreciation for the serv- sented tothe Association, as represented by itsPresident, Dr. Shaw, ices rendered the suffrage cause by the Colorado club women. a gavel made from a hickory tree planted by Andrew Jackson at the The preliminary report of the Credentials Committeewas then pre- grave of his wife. sented by the Chairman, Mrs. Stanley McCormick, and its acceptance With this gavel the Convention was called to order at 11 :25, Presi- wasmoved and seconded. dent Shaw in the chair. On motion duly made and seconded, it was HisHonor Mayor Hillary Howse was presented and extended to Voted, As an amendment to the above motion, that a Committee of the Convention a hearty welcome in the name of the city. fivebe appointed to consider the case of the two Tennessee delegations Mrs. Crozier-French, President of the Tennessee EqualSuffrage claiming theright to sit in the Convention, and that the President be Association, extended a welcome tothe Convention in the name of the empowered to appoint this Committee. State Association. The motion to accept the preliminary report of the Credentials Com- Mrs. Guilford Dudley, President of the Nashville Equal Suffrage mittee and its amendment was then carried. League, extended a hearty welcome in the name of the Nashville League. On motion duly made and seconded it was Dr. Shaw responded in the name of the Association and expressed Voted, To adjourn. its thanks for the splendid welcome extended to the Convention by the The meeting then adjourned. city and thestate, both through the public officials and the organized suffragists, and made a brief opening address. Afternoon Session, Thursday, December 12, 1914. On motion duly made and seconded it was The meeting was called toorder at 2 :S!í, President Shaw inthe Voted, To adopt the following resolution: chair. The report of the Treasurer was presented by Mrs. Stanley Mc- That the N. A. W. .S. A., in Convention assembled, does hereby ex- Corrnick, it being a part of the printed“Facts for Delegates” inthe press heartfelt thanks and deep appreciation to our President, Dr. Anna hands of delegates. TheTreasurer commented on the figures there Howard Shaw, for her devoted and unremitting work for woman suf- shown, and on motion duly made and seconded, it was frage and this Association during the past year, and especially for her Voted, To adopt the report. splendid services in the Campaign States which did so much to gain The report of the Congressional Committee was then presented. Mrs. the victory for Montana and Nevada; and further for her willingness to Medill McCormick, Chairman, reported upon the preliminary canvass in stand for re-election and be our leader and win more victories for the the Senate, and the work leading up to the introduction of the Shafroth coming year. amendment. Mrs. Funk, of the Committee, explained the meaning and Dr. Shaw as chairman of the Program Committee reported the pro- value of theShafroth amendment. Mrs. Booth of the Committee gave grams in the hands of the delegates. a digest of her work on the card catalogue of the members of Congress, On motion duly made and seconded it was and Mr. Hallinan reported upon the publicity work of the Congressional Voted, To adoptthe program as presented as the order of the day. Committee. Mrs. McCormick then closed thereport with a discussion The Convention then proceeded to take up the program, and the follow- of her plan of Congressional organization. ing reports were presented: On motion duly made and seconded, it was Thereport of the Membership Committee was presented by Mrs. Voted, Thatthe discussion of thisreport bemade a special order Feickert of New Jersey, chairman, and accepted, showing the admission of business, for the Friday morning session’ at 10:30. of five af?iliated Associations since the last Convention, The Chair appointed the following Committee to consider the Ttn- nessee contest: Miss Kate M. Gordon of Louisiana, Chairman; Mrs. The report of the Elections Committee, was presented the Chair-, by Pattie Jacobs of Alabama; Mrs. Helen Hoy Greeley of New York; Mrs. man,Miss Erickson. Various amendments having been proposed and Teresa Crowley of Massachusetts and Mrs. Youmans of Wisconsin. adopted, on motion duly made and seconded it was - -- On motion, duly made and seconded, it was Voted, To accept thereport as amended, andas appended to these Voted, To adjourn. minutes. The meeting adjourned at 6. P. M. 25 24 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

Morning Session, Friday, November 13, 1914. To maintain the work on approximately the basis of the past year as shown in the “Facts for Delegates” would The meetingwas called toorder at 10:20, President Shaw in the require a budget of...... $24,000.00 Chair. To include theaddition of $2,000.00 for a data depart- The minutes of the preceding day were read and accepted with cor- ment would require a budget of...... $26,000.00 rections. The Chair was then taken by the Vice-president, Miss Addams. Onmotion duly madeand seconded it was The discussion of the Congressional Committee report being the Voted, That the Association accept the report of the Treasurer with special order of business, on motion duly made and seconded it was deep appreciation of the work required and performed in order to bring Voted, To open the discussion by readingthe recommendations of to the Convention such a financial statement, and also with thanks to Mrs. the Chairman of the Committee. The speakers were limited to three Medill McCormick for her generous gift to the Association. minutes each, and Mrs. Medill McCormick, Chairman, presented her rec- On motion duly made and seconded it was ommendations as follows : Voted, That the discussion of the policy of the Association=in re- 1. The establishment of a speaker’s bureau by the Congressional gardto the Bristow-Monde11 and Shafroth-Palmer Amendments be the Committee. special order of business atthree o’clock. On motion duly made and seconded, it was Miss Shaw requested thatthe various State delegations nominate Voted, to adoptthis recommendation. at once in writing their members of the Resolutions Committee, and place such nominationsin the hands of the Recording Secretary. 2. Thestandardization of co-operation between the Campaign States On motion duly made and seconded it was and the National Congressional Committee. Voted, To adjourn. On motion duly made and seconded it was The meeting adjourned at 1 P. M. Voted, That this recommendation be taken up later, in connection with thereport of the campaign committee. Afternoon Session, Friday, November 13, 1914. 3. That there bea more complete organization of the congressional Meeting called to order at 2 :45, Miss Addams, First Vice-president, districts in the states for the carrying on of the congressional work. in the Chair. After variousamendments tothe proposed motion,on motion duly The recommendation ofthe Congressional Committee for the ap-

’ made and seconded, it was finally pointment of a special Finance Committee by the Official Board for the Voted, That the machinery for the congressional work be established Financing of the Congressional Committee and the Publicity Department, for carrying out suggestions made by the Congressional Committee, when was discussed and on motion duly madeand seconded it was . approved by the majority of the State Associations in the State concerned; Voted, That such a Committee be appointed. Thatthe Congressional Committee shallgive outinformation and By request the Chairman of the Elections Committee was permitted suggestions for Congressional work in anystate only through the ma- topresent to the Convention, anamendment to By-Law 1, which was chinery established for this work by the State Association or the major- necessary in orderto enable the Elections Committee to conduct the ity of the State Associations of that State, but that such Association or elections. themajoriw of such associations inthe Stateshall determine how this On motion duly made and seconded, it was therefore material shall be used: Voted, To amend By-Law 1, by addinga fourth paragraph to sec- That when the majority of the various State Associations in a State -not agree uponsome plan of co-operation for establishing such ma- chiller^ for Congressional work, the Congressional Committee shall not

enter into the L State for such work. Onmotion duly made and seconded it was - The Budget was then presented by the Treasurer, who reported on Voted, That no person shall be put in nomination as a general officer three possibilities for the coming year, as follows : of theNational American Woman Suffrage Association who has not BY Cutting down the Press and Secretarial work below consented to serve. the amountcarried duringthe past year it would be A request having been made for permission to circulate aprinted Possible tocarry the work, though inadequately, upon statement concerning the Bristow-Monde11 and Shafroth-Palmer Amend- a budget of-...... $18,000.0(3 ments, on motion duly made and seconded it was 27 26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

Voted, -That these papers be distributed in an interimof business. Voted, To adopt the report of the Credential Committee as com- The Chairman of the Elections Committee then presented a motion pleted by the report on the Tennessee Delegation, showing 307 delegates to provide for certain changes in arrangements for elections, resulting duly accredited. from the conditions under which they were to be held, and these changes The Resolutions Committee having been announced, President Shaw-- were adopted and included in the report as appended to these minutes. named Mrs. Burns of Michigan as Chairman, to take charge of the The special order of bysiness being the discussion of the Federal Committee. amendments, it was On motion duly made and seconded the meeting was adjourned at MOVEDand duly seconded that the Shafroth amendment be not pro- 6:30 P. M. ceeded with in the next session of Congress. Morning Session, Saturday, November 14, 1914. A substitute motion was made and duly seconded that it be the sense The meeting was called to order at ten o’clock, President Shaw in of this Convention thatthe policy of theNational American Woman the Chair. Suffrage Association shall be to support by every means within its The minutes of the sessions of the previous day were read and ac- power, in the future as in the past, the amendment known as the Susan cepted with corrections. B. Anthony Amendment, and further On motion duly made and seconded it was To support such other legislation as the National Board may author- Voted, To rescind the action of the previous day, that the Credentials ize and initiate, tothe end that the Susan B. Anthony Resolution may Committee should close its report that evening and to permit credentials become law. to be presenteduntil 11 A. M., ,inorder to permit the seating of the It was moved and duly seconded, that this substitute motionbe Tennessee delegations and of a few late arrivals. amended by the striking out of the words “and further’’ and all that On motion duly made and seconded it was fQllOWS. ’ Voted, To give the privilege of the floor to Mrs. French, to make a The long discussion wasclosed by the maker of the motion, and statement concerning the report of the Committee on the Tennessee con- by Mrs. McCormick, Chairman of the Congressional Committee. test she asked whether the acceptance of this or any other action on the The amendment to omit the second clause of the proposed substitute contest would in any way affect or restrict the action of the two parties motion was lost. . after the close of the Convention, and was informed that it would not. It was moved and duly seconded, that it be the sense of this Con- On motion duly made and seconded it was vention that the National Board beempowered to endorse and support ‘Voted, To rescind the acceptance of the report of the Committee an amendment to the Federal Constitution for anational. initiative and on the Tennessee contest, and on further motion, duly made and sec- referendum. Motion lost. The motion to substitute was put and carried by a vote of 194 to 100, and on motion duly made and seconded, it was eleven votes each. Voted, To adopt the substitute motion. The Convention then resumed the regular order of business, and on The report of the Credentials Committee was presented by the Chair- motion made and seconded it was man, showing the number of delegates entitled to sit in the Convention Voted, Thatin the absence of the Executive Secretary, her report to be 819; those present and duly accredited, without the delegation from be not read, but printed in the minutes. Tennessee, and with seven National Officers and three Chairmen of Miss Gordon, President of the Southern States Woman Suffrage Standing Committees, 285. Con- ference, presented greetings to the Convention from the Conference, and The Committee on the Tennessee contest reported through their Mrs. Somerville, of Mississippi, added a statement concerning its value. Chairman, Miss Kate M. Gordon:“That after careful consideration of The Press Chairman, Miss Elinor Byms, then presented her report, personal testimony and documentary evidence offered by both contestants, which was duly accepted. P the committee recommends that both delegations be seated with one-half The reDort of the Publishing Companywas presented the Presi- vote to each individual. This finding isnot entirely satisfactory to all by the members the Committee, but is reached as a compromise.” dent, Mrs. Cyrus W. Field, and duly accepted. of report of the Legal Adviser was read the Recording Secretary, On motion duly made and seconded it was The by Voted, TO accept the report of the committee. On motion duly made and seconded it was 29 28 FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION I

representatives present at this convention from the Campaign States, and Afternoon Session, Saturday, November 14, 1914. appended to these minutes.* Meeting called to order at 2 :SO, President Shaw in the Chair. On motion duly made and seconded, it was On motion of Miss Clay, duly seconded, it was Voted, That the Convention accept this report and concur in the Voted, That the Convention instruct the Congressional Cornmittee of pression of confidence in Miss Shaw expressed by the representatives of the Association to investigate and promote the right of women to vote for the Campaign States. United States Congressmen andSenators and Presidential Electors, by Upon request Miss Shaw spoke briefly to the Convention, expressing Congressional action. the pleasure andsatisfaction she hadhad in workingwith the splendid This motion was presented as the sense of an informal meeting held women in the Campaign States. earlier and was signed by a long list of petitioners, headed by Miss Clay, On motion duly made and seconded it was including President Shaw and the members of the National Congressional Voted, Thatthe reports of the Committees on Church Work and Committee, and many others. Presidential Suffrage, whose Chairmen were not present, be printed in The report of the Kentucky Association was presented by the Presi- the annual report, but not read. dentMrs. Desha Breckinridge. The Credentials Committee then presented its report on the names At three o'clock, the special order of business being the consideration added since the last report, which included the eleven delegates from the of the changes of the Constitution, Tennessee Equal Suffrage Association, and eleven from another Associa- On motion duly made and seconded it was tion in Tennessee, and several other delegates, making a total of 316; Voted, That the matter of the amendments to Articles III and IV be duly accredited to date in this convention. referred to a Committee, which after receiving instructions from the On motion duly made and seconded it was House, should report them back in definite form. The House then in- Voted, To adopt this as the final report of the Credentials Committee. structed the Convention as follows: On motion duly made and secondecl it was That from Article III, Section II, paragraphs C, D and E be omitted, Voted, That telegrams be sent to the two absent Presidents of Cam- and that Article III, Section IV, be amended by increasing the dues of paign States, Ohio and South Dakota, extending greetings and good cheer Associate Members to $50.00; from the convention. And, That Article IV, Section III, be amended by providing that Mrs. Ellicott, of Maryland, asked the privilege of the floor to present ao auxiliary member be represented by its President and ten delegates. to the Convention an invitation from a committee representing the various The instructions concerning Articles III and IV having beencon- Maryland Associations, inviting the National Association to hold its next cluded, it was then moved and duly seconded that the proposedamend- Conventionin Baltimore. ment to Article V, Section I, providing that persons holding salaried On motion duly made and seconded it was positionsin any suffrage organization be not eligible for election as Voted, That the Association appoint a suffrage day for a nation wide officers, be adopted. celebration and that the date be announced before the close of the Con- Motion lost. vention. ' The Elections Committee having completed its work,and the time On motion duly made and seconded it was tor the announcements of the elections having arrived, the Committee was Voted, That the report of the Congressional Committee beaccepted dled upon to present its report, as follows: as a whole. On motion duly made and seconded it was For President : Voted, Thatthe consideration of the amendments of the Constitu- Dr. Shaw ...... 194 tionbe made a special order of business at three o'clock. Mrs. Breckinridge ...... 1 The Credentials Committee announced the failure of one delegate to For Birst Vice-president : arrive, thus reducing the number of accredited delegates to 315. ' Mrs. Stanley McCormick ...... i...... 177 . The Chair then introduced Mme. Rosika Schwimmer, of the Inter- Jean Gordon 108 national Woman Suffrage Alliance, who spoke a few words of greeting ...... to the Convention. For Second Vice-president: On motion dub made and seconded the meeting adjourned at 12.50 Mrs. Desha Breckinridge ...... 271 P. M. Mrs. Stanley McCormick ...... 1 . *Seepage 211. Jean Gordon ...... : ...... 1

I 30 PROCEEDINGS OF THE PORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 31

For Third Vice-president : Article VI, Section 2, providing that: Katharine B. Davis ...... 248 “Any President having served for two consecutive years shall Mrs. Medill McCormick ...... 44 not be eligible for re-election.” Mrs. Hooker 1 ...... On motion duly made and seconded, it was Mrs. Somerville ...... Z Voted, To table the motion. For Corresponding Secretary : The two conflicting amendments proposed to Article VI, Section 5, Mrs. O. H. Clark ...... 272 were then taken under consideration, and considered in the order pro- Scattering ...... 8 posed : The first amendment further defining the duties of the Corresponding For Recording Secretary : Secretary and providing that she serve as the Executive Secretary. Susan W. FitzGerald ...... 197 The second providing that the Corresponding Secretary shall not be Aune H. Martin ...... 93 eligible for appointment as the Executive secretary of the organization. For Treasurer: On motion duly made and seconded it was Mrs. Henry Wade Rogers ...... 280 Voted, That action upon the first of these amendments be indefinitely Mrs. Stanley McCormick ...... 2. postponed and that the second be adopted. Mrs. Medill McCormick ...... 1 On motion duly made and seconded the meeting adjourned at 6 :O0 P. M. ForFirst Auditor: . Morning Session, Monday, November 16, 1914 Mrs. Walter McNab Miller 271 ...... Meeting called to order at ten o’clock, President Shaw in the Chair, Mrs. Medill McCormick 3 ...... Minutes of the sessions of the preceding day were read and accepted. Mrs. Dennett 1 ...... On motion duly made and seconded it was Mrs. Carney 1 ...... Voted, To set apart the first Saturday of May, annually, to be known Anne H. Martin 1 ...... as the National Suffrage Day. Mrs. Jacobs ...... 1 The Special Committee on changes in Articles III and IV of the For Second Auditor: Constitution was asked to report before the consideration of the budget, Mrs. Medill McCormick ...... 126 and brought in recommendations-which after discussion and amendment Zona Gale ...... 121 were adopted as follows: Mrs. Somerville ...... 29 Art, III. Sec. 2. Any suffrage organization of two hundred or more Mrs. Jacobs ...... 9 certified members may become an affiliated member. Mrs. Hundley ...... l (a) An affiliatedmember shall, eight weeks prior to the National Mrs. Kelley ...... l Convention, certify to the Treasurer in a writing signed by three officers Anne H. Martin ...... l the tota2 membership recognized by it at that date. On motion duly made and seconded it was (b) An affiliated member shall pay annual dues of 10 cents for every Voted, That in case a candidate’s name is withdrawn from nomination, certified member up to and including 1,500 members, and may paydues the candidate having the next greatest number of votes shall by this act at the same rate on additional members. be put in nomination. Representation at the Annual Convention will be on the basis of one On motion duly made and seconded it was delegate for every one hundred certified members or major fraction Voted, That no officer or member of the Board of Directors shall re- thereof, up to and including five thousand, for whom annual dues of 10 ceive a salary from the Association as such an officer, cents per member, have been paid. On motion duly made and seconded it was Art. IV. Sec. 3. Omit. Voted, To reconsider the motion. Art. VIL Sec. 1. The Executive Council shall consist of the Direc- On motion duly made and seconded it was then tors of the Association, the Chairmen of Standing and Special Committees, Voted, To table the question. thePresidents of affiliated organizations, and one dulyelected member It was moved and duly seconded to accept the proposed amendment to from each affiliated organization [which pays dues on a membership of 32 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 33

1,500 or morel,* of whom fifteen shall constitute a quoruln for the trans- The Chairthen declared the following officers elected: action of business. The Convention then proceeded tothe consideration of the budget, First Vice-president, Mrs. Stanley McCormick. this being the regular business of the program. Second Vice-president, Mrs. Breckinridge. The Treasurer repeated the statement presented at the previous ses- Third Vice-president,Miss Davis. sion that the Convention might adopt: RecordingSecretary, Mrs. FitzGerald. a.-Cutting down the Secretarial and Press Work, a possible but in- CorrespondingSecretary, Mrs. Clark. adequate budget of $18,000.00. Treasurer, Mrs. Rogers. b.-On the basis of thepresent organization of headquarters an First Auditor, Mrs. Miller. Second Auditor, Mrs. Medill McCormick. adequate budget of !$24,000.00. Or c.-Adding $2,000.00 .for a data department, a desirable budget of President, Anna Howard Shaw. $26,000.00. On motion duly made and seconded it was Shethen called for pledges forthe year, which weremade to the Voted, That letters of thanks be sent to the gentlemen who had loaned amount of $7,500.00. A collection was then talcen of $54.32. their offices for polling places. On motion duly made and seconded it was On motion duly made and seconded it was Voted, To senda message of appreciation to Miss Brackenridge of Voted, To adjourn. Texas, for the great effort made by her to come to the Convention, whose The meeting adjourned at 1 :05. sessions she had however been unable to attend on account of illness. The Elections Committee then presented its report of the final ballot Afternoon Session, Monday, November 16, 1914. which showed 315 delegatesentitled to vote, andof the 283 votes cast ‘ 282 valid. Meeting was called to order at 3 :O0 o’clock, President Shaw in the The report of the Electionballot was as follows : Chair. For President : On motion duly made and seconded it was Voted, That the report of the Campaign Committee be the special or- . Dr.Shaw ...... 192 der of business at For First Vice-president : 3 :30. Mrs.Stanley McCormick ...... 173 Mrs. Field, President of the Publishing Committee, announced shc Miss JeanGordon ...... 107 still had 1,543 shares of stock for sale and asked for subscriptions. Mrs. Breckinridge asked the privilege of the floor for Dr. Lillian John- For Second Vice-president : 1 son, who talked two minutes and explained the Smith-Lever bill provid- Mrs. DeshaBreckinridge ...... 264 ing for Congressional appropriations for agriculture development. For Third Vice-president : motion duly made and seconded it was MissDavis 271 On ...... Voted, That the Convention suggest tothe State Suffrage Associa- For Recording Secretary : tions that they interest themselves in this effort to benefit the women of Mrs.Susan W. FitzGerald ...... 166 the agriculturaldistricts. Miss Anne H. Martin ...... 115 Mrs. Jacobs of Alabama asked the privilege of the floor to announce For Corresponding Secretary : that at a meeting of the delegates of the Southern States it had been de- Mrs. Q. H. Clark ...... 265 cided that these states would for the present concentrate on the work in For Treasurer For : 1 Mrs. Henry Wade Rogers ...... 272 Alabama and help it in its effort to put a Suffrage amendment through For First Auditor: the Legislature of 1915. The business offurther amendments tothe Constitution was then . Mrs.Miller ...... 261 For Second Auditor: taken up. Mrs.Medill McCormick ...... 177 And on motion duly made and seconded it Was Miss Gale ...... 103 Voted, To amend Article VI1 by inserting before the words “Of whom 15 shall constitute a quorum” the words “which pay dues on a med~r- *See Minutes of Afternoon Session. ship of 1,500 or more.” 34 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 35

On motion duly made and seconded it was The acceptance of the budget being the next business, Voted, That the proposed addition to By-law 1, providing for the On motion duly made and seconded it was opening of the Convention with silent prayer, be tabled with the under- Voted, To leave the budget to the discretion of the Official Board. standing that such suggestion should not be incorporated in the Constitu- On motion duly made and seconded it was tion, but should be a matter of custom. Voted, That in printing the Constitution such verbal changes as are On motion duly made and seconded it was required for uniformity and correctness by the amendments already Voted, To amend By-law II, Sec. 1 by adding a Campaign Committee adopted shall be made by the Secretary. to the Standing Committees. On motion duly made and seconded it was Announcement was made that at the next Convention an amendment Voted, Thatthe Official Boardshall appoint a Committee, to be wouldbe presented to. By-law I, Sec. 1 to be paragraph 4 of - the same known as the Survey Committee, of not less than fivepersons, to study and to read l‘the general officers of this association shall be elected by bal- the possibilities for campaigns, the conditions in Campaign States and to lot on the last day but one of every alternate annual meeting.” make return report. On motion duly made and seconded it was The Resolutions Committee having been called upon to report, pre- Voted, That a Committee of Three be appointed to bring to the next sented itsreport throughthe Chairman, Mrs. Burns ofMichigan. This Convention recommendations for a constitutional amendment in regard to Report as adopted is printed at the close of these minutes. the conduct of elections embodying the primary system and the Australian At the request of the Chair, on motion duly made and seconded it was ballot. Voted, Thatthe Board be authorized to appoint members of the It being the hour set for the report of the Campaign Committee, Mrs. Resolutions Committee in advance of the next Convention. Medill McCormick made her report and urged the need of the expansion On motion duly made and seconded it was of the publicity work. And her motion having been duly seconded it was Voted, To send the thanks of the Convention to MissBain of Voted, That the Official Board expand its present press bureau, and to Kenosha, Wisconsin, who had suggested the self-sacrifice day, which had this end appoint a Committee which shall be empowered to raise the money secured so much help for the campaign states. for the promotion and maintenance of this work to such an extent and in On motion duly made and seconded it was such a manner as will adequately support such extension. Voted, That all unfinished business be referredto the Executive The report of the Campaign Committee, asa whole, was duly ac- Council. cepted. Notice was then given thatat the next Convention an amendment On motion duly made and seconded it was wouldbe presented providing that every second Convention be held in Voted, To receive and consider the recommendations from the Execu- Washington in order that each new Congress should be reached directly tive Council concerning the policy of the Association toward partisanship. by the influence of the Convention. On motion duly made and seconded it was On motion duly made and seconded it was Voted, That the first resolution be accepted as follows : Voted, To adjourn. 1. That the Natonal American Woman Suffrage Association re-affirm The meeting and the regular Convention Sessions of the 46th Annual its policy of the past as being non-partisan. Convention adjourned at 6 :O0 P. M. On ‘motion duly made and seconded it was POST-CONVENTIONMEETING OF TEIE EXECUTIVECOUNCIL. Voted, To substitute for the second recommendation the following: Tuesday, November 17, 1914. “Whereas, the rapidly increasing number of states granting suffrage to women, and the consequent crystallizing of women either along party Meeting called to order at 10 :15, President Shaw in the Chair. lines, or into non-partisan political activities, makes a definite declaration On motion duly made and seconded it was of our policy as aNational Suffrage Association necessary and expedi- Voted, That Miss Erickson be elected Secretary. ent. Be ittherefore resolved The report of the Committee charged with rewording the peace reso- THATthe National American Woman Suffrage Association is abso- lutions was presented and after some further verbal changes was ac- cepted and thereport of the Resolutions Committee was adopted as lutely opposed to holding any political party responsible for t$e opinions printed in these proceedings. and acts, of its individual members, or holding any individual public of- On motion duly made and seconded it was ficial or candidate responsible for the action of his party majority, the on Voted, That only motions and recommendations berecorded in the ’ qùestion of Woman SNffrage.”. minutes of the Informal Conference. FORT Y-SIXTH CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 37 36 PROCEEDINGS OF THE REPORT EXECUTIVE On motion duly made and seconded it was OF THE SECRETARY Voted, That the Secretary send a letter of thanks to Mme. Schwimmer The Corresponding Secretary acts as the Executive Sec- for her attendance and assistance at the Convention. retary,and the two reports are therefore joined. Forthe On motion duly made and seconded it was Voted, That the question of publishing a bulletin be referred to the last four years the two offices haveactually been, one, but Official Board with the urgent request that such a bulletin be published. it was only last year that they were made so officially, by the On motion duly made and seconded it was constitution.This report does not cover the full convention Voted, That Jane Addams be elected as First Honorary Vice-Presi- pear, but only up to September 6th, when the iesignation of dent. .As the question was raisedas to how Miss Addams‘ name would the Executive Secretary went into effect. . beused, aletter fromher was read, making certain conditions, and Tryingto make an adequatereport for the Executive On motion duly made and seconded it was further Voted, Thatthe Secretary inform Miss Addams of her election as Secretary is about like making one for the mother of a large First Honorary Vice-president, and say that the conditions under which family, who knows she is busy every moment of the time, but she stated she would accept the office would be rigidly adhered to. is at a loss to define her work any more than to simply say On motion duly made and seconded it was that she tries to meet the need of each hour, and that what- Voted, That the receipt of campaign help from the National Associa- ever is no one’s else work, is hers. tion be dependent on the Association’s securinga statement, from the state concerned, of amounts received for campaign purposes from all First, since a generalsurvey of the suffrage situation sources. does not naturally corne in the reports of any of the various On motion duly made and seconded it was departmentsand committees, it seems that it shouldcome Voted, That astanding committee be established, to be called the here in order thatit maybe included somewhere in the National Campaign Committee, with three sub-committees, l-Finance ; printed annual report of the Association. 2-Survey; and 3*-Voters’ Educational Committee; and further that all money contributed to the campaign states, through this Committee or any This year has completely broken all records in the num- one ofits sub-committees be passed through the NationalTreasury. ber of campaign states-seven in all. In four of them- On motion duly made and seconded it was Nevada, Montana, North ancl South Dakota, the amendment Voted, To extenda vote of thanks to Mrs. Medill McCormick for was submitted by legislative act; in three of them-Nebraska, her contribution of the picture film, “Your Girl and Mine,” to the As- Missouri and Ohio, it was submitted by initiative petition. It sociation. On motion duly made and seconded it was is noteworthy that in all of the latter states, the suffragists Voted, That aSuffrage mapbe exhibited and printed in the papers consider the work of securing the requisite number of sign- wherever the annual Convention is held. ers, although it was exceedingly arduous, an invaluable asset On motion duly made and seconded it was to the campaign, each signer beillg practically guaranteed to Voted, That all unfinished business be referred to the Official Board. vote right the amendment itself. In Ohio,Nevada, Mon- On motion duly made and seconded it was on Voted, To adjourn. tana and South Dakota, only a simple majority vote on the amendment is necessary to pass it, but in Nebraska 35 per Convention adjourned at 1:l5 P. M. cent. of all the votes cast at the election is required, and in North Dakota and Missouri a majority of all the votes cast. Nineteen Fourteen has been what suffragists call an “off year,” since most of the state legislatures meet biennially on the odd years. Nevertheless, what legislative acts there have ken, have been of the greatest significance. Massachusetts and New Jersey have both passed the suffrage amendment, * Name afterwards changed to ‘Voters’ Co-operative Committee,” by overwhelming votes, as follows: in Massachusetts the 38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 39

Senate vote was 34 to 2, the House vote 168 to 39; in New ering the greatdistances and the fact that suffrage work often Jersey the Senate vote was 14 to 4, the House vote 49 to 4. has to be undertaken in an eleventh-hour, hand-to-mouth sort In both statesthe suffragists areentirely confident of the ’of way, this co-operation has been markedly successful, and additional approval of the 1915 legislatures, which isneces- if in the future the work at bothends could be more systema- sary before final submission to the voters. tized, the results would surely be all that could be desired. The amendment was introduced into the legislatures of It is impossible to mention the Congressional Committee eight otherstates. In Rhode Islandthere was ahearing, without expressing on behalf of the officers of the Associa- but no action. In Georgia the House ‘Committee voted 5 to tion a most thoroughgoing appreciation of the service of its 4 againsta favorable report. In Maryland,Virginia, Ken- chairman, Mrs. Medill McCormick, who has not only given tucky, Mississippi and Louisiana, the amendment was voted money generously to the work, but has added what is more upon by the House but not the Senate, and was lost h each valuable still-steady, hard, personal labor, coupled with an case, the votes. being as follows : Maryland 60 to 34; Virginia indefatigable good humor frequently under most trying cir- 74 to 13 ; Kentucky 51 to 29; Mississippi 80 to 42, and cumstances. Her frank comradely way of undertaking a well- Louisiana 40 to 61 in favor, but a two-thirds vote is neces- nigh thankless taskhas been a joy to behold, and her initiative sary for submission. andenthusiasm have ’ been an inspiration to thousands of The National Suff rage Legislative record is unprecedented. suffrage workers. It will be fully reported by the Congressional Cornmittee, and The mernbersllip of the National Association has made it is very necessary to say here that the regular amendment an increase which serves more or less as a barometer of the which the Association haskept before Congress for over growth of the suffrage movement. The payment of dues is forty years, again received a favorable report from the Senate a veryrough and misleading way to compute membership, Woman Suffrage Committee, and was reportedout of the as thereare thousandsand thousands of memberswho do House Judiciary Committee, butwithout recommendation. not pay dues, but even so, the number of delegates (which is The new Shafroth Amendment was introduced in bothHouses based upon dues) entitled to vote at this year’sConvention and also received a favorable report from the Senate Woman will be about 803 as opposed to 603 last year. Suffrage Committee. The regular amendment was voted upon Since thelast Convention nine Affiliated Organizations in the Skate, 35 in favor to 34 against, eleven more votes have taken technical advantage of the clause in the Constitu- being required to reach thetwo-thirds which is necessary tion which provides for Auxiliary membership, and have re- to pass it. Never beforehas the Congressionalatmosphere signed their Affiliated membership and applied for admission been so thoroughlypermeated with Woman Suffrage. The as Auxiliary Societies, in order to be relieved of paying their anxiety of some members of Congress to showthat they regular proportion of the National dues. The organizations stood right with their constituents on the question, and the takingthis action are as follows : The Women’s Political agility of others in side-stepping every single possible neces- Union of New York,The Kentucky Equal Rights Associa- sity for meeting the issue, have unerringly indicated that they tion, The Equal Franchise Society of New York, The Louisiana all recognize the fact that the time has come when national Woman Suffrage Association, The Just Government League politics must reckon with woman suffrage-whether or no. of Maryland, The Georgia Woman Suffrage’Association, The All through the year, there has been the most hearty co- Virginia Woman Suffrage Association, The Ohio Woman Suf- operation between Headquartersand the Washington and frage Association, and the New York Woman Suffrage Party.* Chicago offices of the Congressional Committee, and consid- *NOTE:At Nashville the Constitution was changed by the elimination of AMxiliary members. 40 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 41

The result has been an approximate loss to the National should be left in that state for its own campaign. Thenet budget of $1,525.00, since the Auxiliary Societies pay a flat’ gain was approximately $2,000. rate and the Affiliated Societies a proportionate rate of dues. The Campaign States have received a goodly supply of It is a pleasure to record the fact that Nebraska and Mis- literature from National Headquarters. Doctor Shaw usually souri also proposed to take this action, when it seemed to celebrated the hunching of a campaign state by sending $100 become almost epidemic among the states, but after receiving worth of literaturefrom her special fund entrusted to her letters from Headquarters reminding them that the framers careby an anonymous donor. Up to July 1st each of the of the constitution, when they included the provision for Aux- Campaign States(it was five then) also received approxi- iliaries, had in mind organizations such as the Men’s League, mately another hundred dollars’ worth of literature from the

and had no idea of offering a way , of eluding financial re- National budget.The amounts varied somewhat according sponsibility, they promptly reconsidered anddecided to remain to the population of the severalstates. They also each re- regular members of the Association, and bear their share of ceived from Headquarters a large supply of the report of the the National burden, in spite of the fact that they were both Hearing before the Rules Committee last December. Campaign States,with every excuse for yielding tothe Theworkers contributed tothe Campaign States have temptation. been many and efficient. In April the Board decided to alter Three new Associations have been organized ancl ad- the program by which it had been arranged for the field secre- mitted duringthe year-the SouthCarolina Equal Suffrage tary, Jane Thompson, to make a tour of the suffrage states League, the Macon Georgia Equal Suffrage League and the to secure political and financial support, and instead, to di- Georgia EqualSuffrage Party.There is now not a single vide her time between the then five Campaign States, giving state in the Union, outside the already victorious states, which six weeks to each one. The states were enthusiastic in their is not organized for suffrage, and in all but two (Arkansas acceptance of the offer, and the plan has been substantially and New Mexico) the organizations are members of the Na- carried out as made, with an adjustment to allow for some tional Association, and even in those two states, membership time in Missouri, after it too became a Campaign State by in the National seems imminent. the filing of its initiative petition. The details of this work Apartfrom the Congressional work,the most striking will be reported by Miss Thompson herself. Miss Harriet feature of the year to record is the direct assistance given Grim, of Wisconsin, was sent by request to North Dakota tothe seven Campaign States. The Treasurer’sreport will to cover the series of Great Chautauqua meetings in June show the actual money sent, but beside that, the following aid and July. Miss KatharineDevereux Blake, of New York,

has been given :’ A series of campaign state rallies was held offered her services, for the expenses only, for a month of by the Board in the early spring in New York, , campaign work in July. Hurriedarrangements were made Boston andPaterson, New Jersey. Tentative plansfor ral- by telegram ancl, as the promptest, most urgent pleas came lies were made in several other states, but for various local from Montana, Montana won her, although later she did some reasons were given up. The speakers were members of the work in NorthDakota also. Miss Shaw’s special fund was Board and well known local suffragists.Slides were pre- thehacking which provided for both MissGrim and Miss sented showing suffrage leaders and work ancl conditions in Blake. Miss Blake made the wonderful record of securing from the various campaign states. Since all of the states in which the collections at her meetings enough to cover all her travel- rallies were finally held were semi-campaign states, the’Na- ingand living expenses, andsomething like $30.00 beside, tional agreedthat half of thefunds raised in each state which sheturned into ,the local suffrage treasury. Miss 42 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 43

Shaw’s fund, which hasoften seemed like the miraculous the occasion, and President Wilson was asked by Doctor Shaw pitcher, also provided part of the expense of sending Mrs. to proclaim the day a legal holiday to be celebrated in recog- Jennie Wells Wentworthto Ohio, and Mrs. LauraGregg nition of theright andnecessity thatthe women of the Cannon to Nevada. United States should become citizens in factas well as in Miss Addams has contributed several weeks of campaign- name. ThePresident did not heed Doctor Shaw’s request, ing, and Doctor Shaw herself, has made an itinerary giving but the women of the country did, and the map sent out from ten days to each of the Campaign States,starting August the Chicago office showinga dot for everycity and town 27th, and ending with Election Day. where a meeting was held macle the United States look as The last of June, two special committees were appointed if it had been bountifully showered with pepper, Not a state to help the Campaign States; one a Finance Committee, of in the Union wassilent, not even the suffragestates, and which the National Treasurer was Chairman and Miss Ad- many added parades and other events to the regular program, dams, Treasurer.This Committeewas to raisefunds; and and everywhere one heard the comment “Woman’s Indepen- all money not needed for work already undertaken and which dence Day has come to stay.” was not covered by the Budget, was to be used for the cam- An unusualevent of theyear was the holding of one paigns. The other committee was a Campaign State Commit- of the Boardmeetings on successive days in Birmingham, tee, with Mrs. Medill McCormick asChairman. This Com- (Alabama), and Atlanta (Georgia), by invitation of the suf- mittee was to do publicity work, organize a speakers’ bureau, fragists of thosetwo cities, who seized the opportunity to send speakers to the Campaign States,and give anyother press the members of the Board into very active service as possible aid, all the work to be carried out with the approval speakers, at a remarkable series of meetings, luncheons, etc. and co-operation of thePresidents of the Campaign States It was one of the many visible evidences of the recent un- to be aided. Mrs. McCormick conducted the work from her paralleled growth of suffrage sentiment in the South. Chicago office, and will herself give a report of it. At Head- We have an entirely new type of suffrage organization quarterswe co-operated actively with one of its chief fea- to report, namely, the National Junior Suffrage Corps. The tures-“The Melting Pot,” which was the inspiration of Mrs. idea was suggested by Miss Ruutz-Rees, and thanks to her Funk, and was started on August ISth, with the double aim quick work, it soon took shape, with the result that a spe- of honoring ’s birthdayin a practical way, and cial fund was raised to issue announcements which were sent raising funds which otherwise would nothave been forth- to all of the city and town suffrage organizations which are coming on account of the war. listed at Headquarters.The plan is to interestthe many Another noteworthy feature of the year’s work was the thousands of children whohave either debated on suffrage establishment of Woman’s IndependenceDay, on the first at school or have noticed its discussion by their elders or Saturday of May. This plan wasinitiated by Mrs. Medi11 in the newspapers, and have them form a Junior Corps or- McCormick and was phenomenally successful. ganization of their own, on lines which naturally appeal to There was a most wonderful response to the ringing Call young folks. Each founder of a local Council gets ten mem- sent out by the National Board, to all the suffragists of the bers, and each one of this ten gets tenmore, and when each of country to meet together in every city and town at a given the first ten has secured his or her ten, the founder receives time and sing a suffrage hymn, declare their suffrage faith, the impressive title of Centurion, with a special badge from pass a resolution andhave a suffrage speech. A woman’s Headquarters.Each founder receives an autographed con- version of the Declaration of Independence was prepared for gratulation from Miss Shaw and Miss Addams. The gay little PROCEEDINGS THE 44 OF FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 45 buttonwas designed by the artist, Elmer McRae. The first in which we gave assistance was that between Princeton and Council was organized in Columbia, South Carolina, and ex- Harvard. Harvard consulted LIS by mail, Princeton in p.erson, isted in fact as a children’s club before the Junior Corps was but not until the plan of the debate was fully worked out and devised, but, upon the invitation of the Board, theyoung on the expediency basis. We emphatically urged the substi- members joyfullyaccepted thesuggestion that they make tution of the justice argument, but the young debaters felt theirassociation thefirst Junior Council. Since then,eight itwas too late to dare change. But after they had been other Councils have been formed in various states. chastened bydefeat, tlley again appeared at Headquarters, Under the general heading of Propaganda may be men- and very handsomely admitted that they sawwhy, and wished tioned severalthings which are generally representative of they had taken the advice, and we tenderly refrained from the work of Headquarters. Large quantities of Congressional saying: “I told you SO !” Documents were distributed, not onlyto the Campaign States, The plan for a traveling suffrage school which was ap- as already mentioned, but also to the semi-campaign States. proved by the last Convention and which it was voted should Wewere indebted toSenator Ashurst for a gift of 1,OOO be organized by the National, provided six states should re- copies of his Senate speech on theNational Amendment. quest it, was duly organized, with a staff of four instructors, These, with copies of the Rules Committee Hearing and Con- butone by one, the various states requestingthis service gressman Taylor’s speech, which is always in demand, were withdrew, most of them because they feared it might be too sent in bulk to New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massa- big an undertaking financially, and after many weeks of vig- chusetts and Iowa, all in franked envelopes, ready for mailing. orous correspondence, the plan was abandoned. Every year among the many demands for information we So also was a large and very ambitious plan for an ex- have to record some one particularly significant request from clusively controlled suffrage moving picture play, -for which Government officials. Thistime it wasfrom Congressman the Association hac1 gone so far as to sign an agreement with Raker of California, whowanted the exact text of every the producer. But, in the meantime, Mrs. Medill McCormick suffrage law whichhad ever enfranchised any women any- had gone ahead with her moving picture play in Chicago, not where. We readily gave him those of the United States, but knowing of the arrangements made in New York by Head- had to send abroad for the foreign ones. However, he finally quarters, The outcome proved to be advantageous, however, received them. It must givea suffragist occasion to smite since Mrs. McCormick’s play wasnearly finished, and the to think that our Headquarters should be sought as authority New York one was only planned. An amicable arrangement on governmentalaction, when the Congressional library is was made with the New York producer to postpone his ar- so remarkably accessible to Congressmen I We gladly render rangement until another year. the service in recognition of the implied tribute. Quite the most important single bit of propaganda to re- Wehave given advice, suggestionsand co-operation to port, outside the regular routine work, is the almost constant the various Chautauqua Circuits overthe country, in regard to lecturing done by Doctor Shaw. She has spoken in Pennsyl- suffrage speakers and publicity, as well as to countless organ- vania, New York, New Jersey, Washington, D. C., Connecticut, izations and individuals. Illinois, Northand South Dakota, Montana, Nevada, Ne- There has been the usual deluge of requests for debate braskaand Missouri, making in all one hundred and sixty- material, and ‘by being a bit niggardly, we have been able to seven addresses. make the Budget appropriation for providing it extend fairly Her Southern engagements were unfortunately cancelled well through the year. One of the most interesting debates by her fall last March,which kept herhoused for many weeks. FORT Y-SIXTH CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 47 . 46 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

However, a very interesting by-product of her accident was The National Association was very effectively represented the story of her life, which is being published by the Metro- at the great meeting of the International Council of Women politan Magazine. in Rome last May, when Doctor Shaw’s speech on suffrage I have so frequently been asked by distant members just fired the huge audience of women of all nations to a wonder- what my workwas at Headquarters,and have found it so ful pitch of enthusiasm, resulting in the passage of a suffrage difficult to reply readily, that once I asked my assistant to resolution without a single dissenting vote. Doctor Shaw was keep a sort of diary of a week’s doings, as a sample. The well supported by a fine delegation of American women. following is an account of what might be called a representa- We did all we could at Headquarters to co-operate in the tive clay, just as she jotted it down: impressive Women’s Peace Parade the last of August. The war had very noticeably affected our funds, our mail, and the “Asked Miss Murphy to hunt up Report of WomanSuffrage Corninittee, in the House in 1883, and find out if it was a majority volume of our work, and it was therefore with double dis- favorable reportor unanimous, inpreparation for program of tress that the suffragists took part in that unique parade. Campaign Rallies. Telephoned Beatrice Forbes-Robertson Hale to TheExecutive Council has received more letters from see if she could speak at Campaign Rally. Telegraphed Mrs. Funk Headquartersthis year than last. Many of them were OC- about speaking at Springfield. Telegraphed Miss Peyton, Minne- sota, about Governor’s decree making May 2nd a legal holiday. casioned by the vote on the admission as auxiliaries, of those Telephoned Mrs. Osborne, Chicago, to notify Miss Peyton. Con- organizations which had resigned as affiliated societies. But sulted with Lou Rogers, the cartoonist, on character of special car- twoletters were sent out inregard tothe Congressional toons for the Campaign States. Conference with workers on Cam- Policy of the National Association as differentiated from that paign Rallies, Another conference on cartoons, as to making slides for moving picture theatres in the Campaign States. Telephoned to of the Congressional Union. the printer about printing the Constitution, Conference with Com- There havebeen eight meetings of the Board to date mittee on Arrangements for the New York rally. Additional plans (Sept. 6th), six of them being regular meetings and two of for special literature for the Junior Corps. Efforts to secure spealc- theminterim meetings of the near-by members only, the ers for the Springfield meeting. Changing the time of the next Board meeting. Plans for the money raising campaign. Tried to number of members present being as follows: five members find statistics on the publishing department for 1910 forthe new at three meetings, six members at two meetings, seven mem- Publishing Company. Conference on campaign rally about selling bers at two meetings,and eight members at onemeeting. tickets. Luncheon, during which discussed problems of PulAishing At no meeting was thefu11 Board present. Company. Planned publicity work for Carnegie Hall rally. Worked on program. Telegraphed to Tennessee about place for next An- The Budget voted by the last Convention was followed nual Convention. Discussed items for weekly Press Bulletin. Dis- by the Board, with the following exceptions. There was no cussed wording of advertisement for campaign rally. Sent for Field Secretary until April Ist, when Miss Jane Thompson photographs of southern suffragists for magazine article, Tele- phoned Mrs. Cattabout speaking at Springfield rally. Conference was appointed to succeed Miss Rankin,who had resigned on Campaign Rally. Conference on Publishing Company’sbusiness on account of the exigencies of the campaign in Montana, her problems. Received and looked at photographs for the slides which own state.At the meeting of April 7th, when the Board are to be made for the Campaign Rallies. Worked on copy of pro- released the Publishing Company from its joint agreement in gram for printer. Long distance telephone conference with Con- gressional Committee at Washington as to the presence of the two regard to salaries, the latter voted to use less space and there- memberswho are in Washington at the Campaign Rallies. At in- fore pay less rent ; the Data Department was discontinued; tervals between the above-mentioned activities, letters were dictated three of the office staff of eleven were dismissed-the press to be sent to the four points of the cornpass on almost every sut- chairman, the clerk tvho had charge of the mainoflice, and ject mentioned within the lids of Webster’s unabridged.” FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 49. 48 PROCEEDINGS OF THE November 2, 1914. 'the office boy. Miss Byrnswho had been the head of the DataDepartment was askedagain totake charge of the MRS. STANLEYMCCORMICK, TREASURER, press work, and the remainder of the office work was to be NationalAmerican Woman Suffrage Association, ' 505 Fifth Avenue, New York City. divided as might be, between the other members of the staff. The publication of the Bulletin was unavoidably postponed DEAR MADAM: until April, because of the great volume of other work, which In compliance with your request, we have examined the books and prevented theExecutive Secretary from preparing the list accounts of theNational American Woman Suffrage Association at* of about 12,000 active members who were to be the first re- the above address for the period from November 1, 1913, to October 15, 1914, andsubmit herewith Balance Sheetand subsidiary statements. cipients of the Bulletin. Theshifting and condensation of The closing of the boolcs before the end of October wasmade nec- the offices with the carpentry, painting, packing, etc., again essary on account of thedate of the annual convention which is to be postponed the Bulletintill May, vihen the subscriptionlist held from November 12 to 17, and in accordance with the articles of the was made ready and the copy prepared for the printer. The Association the books of the Treasurer shall close four weeks prior to Secretary was then instructed to delay further and hold the the annual convention. copy till the June Board meeting, at which time the Board The statements submitted are as follows : voted to put off the publication till September and October. I. Statement of Receipts and Disbursements for'the 11% Later it was decided by the Board, to give up the Bulletin al- months ended October 15,1914. together. II. Statement of Income and Expenditure for the sameperiod. My resignation was announced to the Board on August III. Balance Sheetas at October 15, 1914. 6th, with the request that it take effect in one month. This In the course of our examination we counted the cash on hand which report, therefore, covers the work up to September 6th. was found in agreement with the balance as called for by the Petty Cash Respectfullysubmitted, Book. TheBank balance was also reconciled with the balance as dis- closed by the Cash Book, and we obtained a certificate verifying the MARYWARE DENNETT. amount on depositin theFifth AvenueBranch of the Guaranty Trust Company of New Yorkas of October 15,1914. All cash receiptswere regularly deposited, and we examined the REPORT OF THE AUDITORS cash disbursements and received paid checks for all of these. The gold and silver coins on hand were also counted and amounted We herewithbeg to state that we haveexamined the to $36. Report of the certified accountants,Barrow, Wade, Gutlwie We have hadexhibited to us a letter from the Washington Branch & Co., employed by us to examine and audit the books kept acknowledging the cash fund received from you and that their cash on by the Treasurer of the National American Woman Suffrage l~andand disbursementsamounted to $500 as at October 15,1914. The amount of their disbursements ($100.17), has been included in the Vouch- Association and have found them to be correct. ers Payable of the Association at October 15,1914. Respectfully, We havepleasure in statingthat wefound the books and records HARRIETBURTON LAIDLAW, of the Association in good order. Submitting the foregoing, we are, LOUISEDEKOVEN BOWEN, Yours truly, Auditors. November 10, 1914. BARROW,WADE, GUTHRIE & Co. 50 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ~oRTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 51

REPORT OF THE TREASURER NOVEMBER 1. 1913. TO OCTOBER 15. 1914 KATHARINE DEXTERMCCOBMICK. Treasurer. in account with the National STATEMENT OF RECEIPTSAND DISBURSEMENTS FOR YEAR American Woman Suff rage Association ENDED OCTOBER 15. 1914 Balance Sheet for year ended October 15.1914 RECEIPTS Members’ Dues ...... $6,928.15 ASSETS Members’ Dues. 1912-1913 ...... 25.65 Carh : General Donations ...... 12,472.15 Restricted Donations ...... 20,561.01 In Bank ...... $8,029.65 Annual Pledges. Washington ...... 13,830.00 Petty Cash Fund New York Office) ...... 50.00 Annual Pledges. Philadelphia ...... 273.60 Gold and Silver Loins ...... 36.00 Literature Sales Nov . 1st to Jan . 23rd ..... 3,954.41 Congressional Committee Cash Fund ...... 500.00 Carnegie Hall Meeting ...... 1,465.19 $8,615.65 Ways and Means Committee. 1912-1913 .... 252.00 Miscellaneous ...... 1,044.63 Investments : Paterson Pledges ...... 78.00 National Woman Suffrage Publishing Co., Inc. Boston Rally ...... 1,323.75 Philadelphia Rally ...... 1,068.42 2. O00 Shares. Common. par $10.00...... $20,000.00 Dividend McCall Stock ...... 779.95 600 Shares. Preferred. par $10.00 ...... 6,000.00 v6,OOO.OO Total Reaeiptm $64,056.91 Less Reserve ...... 20,411.35 Temporary Loan ...... 200.00 Balance at Beginning Year 3,055.12 $5,588.65 of ...... Cincinnati Street Railway Co . $67,312.03 100 Shares Capital Stock. par value $50.00.$5,000.00 DISBURSEMENTS 13 Bales Cotton at $50.00 ...... 650.00 Loans Repaid: 11,238.65 Dr. Anna H . Shaw ...... $3,431.72 Purnitura and Fixtures : Laura Clay ...... 1,000.00 New YoFk Office ...... $454.43 Estate of M . S. and S. B; Anthony ..... 1,000.00 Congressional Committee. Washington ...... 135.50 Temporary Loan ...... 200.00 589.93 $5,631.72 Total Aasets $20,444.23 Cash Transferredto National Woman SuffragePublishing Co ...... 1,309.65 Cotton Investment ...... 650.00 VouchersPa able ...... 51,141.01 LIABILITIES Congressionay Committee Cash Fund ... 500.00 Loan : Total Diabureements $59,232.38 Trustees S. B . Anthony Memorial Fund ...... $1,000.00 Vouchers Payable ...... 232.77 . Balance October 15. 1914 $8,079.65 Total Liabilities Total 1,232.77 Net Worth $19,211.46 52 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 53

NATIONALCONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE JANUARY 1 TO OCTOBER 15.1914 EXPENSES Rent ...... !$427.50 Salaries ...... 874.83 Expenses. Mrs . Booth and Mrs . Funk ...... 1,907.47 STATEMENT OF INCOMEAND EXPENDITURE FOR YEAR Sundries. Mrs. Booth and Mrs . Funk ...... 391.86 ENDEDOCTOBER 15, 1914 Office Equipment ...... 144.50 INCOME Office Supplies (including Telephones. Telegrams) . 736.22 Postage ...... 238.73 Members’Dues. 1914 ...... $6,928.15 Clippings ...... 105.35 Members’Dues. 1913 ...... 25.65 Printing and Stationery ...... 188.62 General Donations ...... 12,472.15 Three Mass Meetings ...... 530.28 Restricted Donations ...... 20,561.01 Miscellaneous 344.15 Annual Pledges(Washington) ...... 13,830.00 ...... Annual Pledges(Philadelphia ...... 273.60 Literature Sales ...... 3,954.41 $5,889.51 Carnegie Hall Meeting ...... 1,465.19 RECEIPTS Miscellaneous ...... 1,044.63 Donations ...... $1,465.00 Ways and Means Committee ...... 252.00 Greenwich. Connecticut. Garden Party ...... 452.50 Boston Rally ...... 1,323.75 Appeal Letters 2,872.36 Philadelphia Rally ...... 1,068.42 ...... Paterson Rally ...... 78.00 Mass Meetings. etc...... 224.08 Dividendon McCall Stocks ...... 779.95 5,013.94 Total $64,056.91 Defici t $875.57 EXPENDITURES ...... Headquarters ...... $11,599.14 Campaigns ...... 24,549.49 Statement of amounts advanced and disbursed by Mrs . Medill McCormick Literature ...... 3.934.19 for the benefit of the National Congressional Committee in the pub- Official Board ...... ‘41 1.90 Press Bureau ...... 4,173.12 licity department. Field Secretary ...... 1,818.80 CongressionalCommittee ...... 5,529.93 February 1. 1914. to October 15. 1914 Junior League ...... 231.86 -e .. ADVANCED BY MRS. MEDILL McCORMICK To tal 52,248.43 Publicity Department. Washington. D. C., Office $3.546.00 Excess of Income over Expenditure $11,808.48 Publicity Department. Chicago Office ...... 2,681.55

KATIIARINEDEXTER MCCORMTCK. DISBURSEMENTS Trcaszcrcr. Washington Office Publicity Department: Salaries ...... $2,888.33 Rent ...... 153.50 Office Supplies ...... 222.75 Half Tones ...... 68.32 Office Equipment ...... 44.00 Postage ...... 119.00 Miscellaneous ...... 50.10 Carried forward ...... $3,546.00 54 PROCEEDINGS OF THB ~oRTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 55

Brought forward ...... $3,546.00 EXPENSES Chioago Offioe Publicity Department: Multigraphing andStationery ...... $97.03 Postage Rent ...... $127.50 Clerical Work...... 222.16 Salaries ...... 1,772.00 ...... 481.13 Office Supplies andExpense ...... 81.19 Miscellaneous ...... 255.15 Total 800.32 Postage ...... 89.60 Printing ...... 27.75 Balanos $2,872.36 Telegrams ...... 102.23 Clippings ...... 109.95 Photos ...... 116.18 In the Autumn of 1914 thematter of Headquarters organization and finance was referred to an “efficiency expert” who reported a plan of --2,681.55 organization and salaries on which the Budget for 1915 has beenbased. $6,227.55 ,$6,227.55

SPECIAL CAMPAIGN FUND JANE ADDAMS, Treaswer REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS RECEIPTS State Dues Entitled Present SelfYSacrifice Fund ...... $9,854.11 to Meltmg PotFund ...... 2,732.33 Alabama ...... $115.60 14 14 Total ...... $12,586.44 Calif ornia ...... 60.00 8 4 DISBURSEMENTS Colorado ...... 8.60 3 O Connecticut ...... 750.00 77 6 Montana ...... $1,900.00 North Dakota ...... 1,825.00 Delaware ...... 22.50 4 1 South Dakota ...... 1,000.00 Nebraska ...... 2,064.46 Dist. of Columbia-Woman Suff rage Missouri ...... 1,070.46 Council ...... 25.30 5 4 Nevada ...... 1,000.00 Ohio ...... i...... 2,160.57 D-ist. of Columbia-EqualSuff rage Association ...... 39.70 6 1 11,(n0.49 Florida-EqualFranchise Association 7.50 3 O Balance (reserved for emergency traveling expenses) $1,665.95 Florida-Equal Suff rage Association. 21.70 4 4 Georgia-EqualSuffrage Party ..... 20.00 4 2 Georgia-Woman Suff rage League 20.00 4 A. W. S. A. FINANCE COMMITTEE REPORT . Q N. 11 YEAR1913 AND 1914 Georgia-Woman Suffrage Assoc. ... 100.00 7 Illinois ...... 500.00 52 51 KATEARINE D. MCCORMICK Indiana-Equa1Suffrage Association. 15.00 3 3 Indiana-Woman’s Franchise League 200.90 22 8 RECEIPTS Iowa-Equal Suffrage Association #. 140.00 16 1 Contributions received from the McCormick, Laid- 4 1 law and Shaw Appeals ...... $3,672.68 Kansas ...... 20.00 Kentucky ...... 100.00 11 .l1 Total ...... $3,672.68 Louisiana-State Suffrage Association 100.00 11 5 56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ~QRTY-SIXTHCONVENTION 57

State Dues Entitled Present State Dues Entitled Present to to Louisiana-Woman Suff rage Party $5 1.O0 7 4 Oregon ...... $10.00 3 O Louisiana-Equal Suff rage League .. 20.00 4 1 Pennsylvania ...... 500.00 52 18 Maine ...... 20.00 4' O .. Rhode Island ...... 18.50 4 1 Maryland- Just Government League 100.00 11 4 South Carolina ...... 30.00 5 O Maryland-Woman Suffrage Assoc.. . 32.50 5 O South Dakota ...... 50.00 7 O Maryland-Equal Suff rageLeague Tennessee-E. S. A. (Chattanooga). . 85.85 11 l1 of Baltimore ...... 32.80 5 2 Tennessee-E. S. A. (Nashville). ... 85.85 11 11 Massachusetts - Political Equality Texas ...... 177.00 20 2 Union ...... 150.00 17 7 Vermont ...... 6.00 3 O Massachusetts - Woman Suffrage Virginia ...... 100.00 11 11 Association ...... 500.00 52 l9 West Virginia ...... 17.20 4 1 Michigan ...... 100.00 12 6 Wisconsin - Equal Suff rage Asso- Minnesota ...... 152.30 17 l ciation ...... 100.00 11 8 Mississippi ...... 16.00 4 3 National College Equal Suff rage Missouri ...... 130.00 l5 9 League ...... 350.00 37 15 Montana ...... 135.00 15 5 Friends EqualRights Association.. , 14.40 3 O Nebraska ...... 100.00 12 4 Officers ...... 8 7 Nevada ...... 100.00 12 I Chairmen of Standing Committees.. . 9 3 New Hampshire ...... 65.00 8 1 Ex-President of N. A. W. S. A...... 1 -o NewJersey-Woman Suffrage As- $7,024.00 830 315 sociation ...... 337.00 36 2 New Jersey - Woman's Political REPORT OF THE PRESS 'BUREAU Union ...... 100.00 11 O The NationalPress Bureau is the news source of the New York - Women's Political suffrage nlovement. Our function is first to stimulate Union ...... 100.00 11 4 public interest in votes for women, and, second, to see that NewYork-Equal FranchiseSociety 100.00 11 O the demand for news thus created is satisfied by us or by our NewYork-Woman Suffrage Party. 100.00 11 3 NewYork-State WomanSuffrage branch organizations. We have assumed that our chief duty is securing public- Association 500.00 ...... 52 11 onEqual Suffrage. Our work as press agentfor the North Carolina - EqualSuffrage ity National Association has been entirely a secondary considera- League ...... 20.00 4 3 tion. NorthDakota -Votes for Women To National Headquarters there come from all parts of League ...... 100.85 12 2 the United States and from Europe, visitors, telegrams, letters Ohio-Woman SuffrageAssociation. 100.00 l1 5 and press clippings, bringing us scraps of information. These Ohio-Equal Franchise League . . , . 40.00 6 4 scraps we put together and again send out over the country. Oklahoma-Woman Suffrage Asso- In other words, we serve as a clearing house of information ciation ...... 10.00 3 2 concerning votes for women. 58 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 59

Of course there is not enough live news of nation-wide The greater part of the publicity which results from our importance to give us all the publicity we need. Therefore, work cannot be traced to us. We, ourselves, may be able to we have had to develop the ability to make news. One way tracean editorial in an Oklahoma paper, only because it is to take facts which are not in themselves news and give copies a peculiar phrase from an article sent out by us. The them a news value. This can be mostsuccessfully done in Sunday story we give to one of the press associations or a an interview. Weconstantly urge Dr. Shaw to beinter- syndicate writer is published throughout the country without viewed because we know that her opinion and comment will reference to the National Association. Photographs of suf- carryinformation which would otherwisebe uninteresting fragists-our most successful kind of publicity-may be given to the general public, though valuable to us as propaganda. to the press either by the Nationalor by one of the state Another way in which we make news is to give a suffrage headquarters. slant to topics of the moment which are not obviously related A few months ago a writer for one of the New York to our movement, A court decision’ on workinghours for newspapers-the worst Anti paper we have-telephoned me, women, arevelation of child laborconditions, the effect of saying, “I have been told to write an editorial on the menace war upon women, are examples of this. Another instance is of Woman Suffrage. Can you help me ?” I said, “Yes, 1 can the recent agreement of the republican party to base repre- prove to you that the majority of the Presidential electors sentation in the National Convention on republican votes in- in 1916 may represent Equal Suffrage states, and that in all stead ofon population. A yearago we realized that this probability every political party will have to endorse women change would help us but we waited until the plan was rati- suffrage before that time. What could be worse than that ?” fied to give publicity to the fact that non-suffrage states will He agreed with me and his editorial based on the facts Miss lose in importance because they will have to count out their Shaw and I gave .him has been a most successful campaign women hereafter, while the Equal Suffrage states can include document in Ohio. Needless to say the editorial did not quote their Republican women. the National Association. Suggesting ideas for so-called featurestories, special Verylittle press material except the weekly bulletin, stories, syndicate articles and fiction is a line of activity forced photographs, biographies and articles for special editions of upon us by the newspaper and magazine writers who ask us newspapersgoes directly from our New York office to the for subjects andfor help inworking up theirarticles. We headquarters of our branches. say, perhaps, that everyone is interested in the mother-teacher Our news stories are generally given directly to the press controversy and there would be a new story in showing how associations and to the newspapers of New York, Washing- prospective motherswho are not teachers are obliged to ton and Chicago, which are daily in touch through their re- work. Or, we get out our material on women in public of- porters with our main office and the offices of our congres- fice and theresults of womansuffrage and find we have sional committee. It is not usually possible for us to save a enough facts for a magazine article. I could go 011 indefinitely news storyuntil we can writeto our branch associations with examples. As you see,our aim is to get the suffrage about it. If there is time to mail it at all, it must be sent view-point into everything even though suffrage is not men- direct to the papers in order that it may be released every- tioned. Furnishingideas forcartoons is anotherinteresting where on the same day. side-line. It forces us toregard ourselves withdetachment Were we working under ideal conditions, we should never and humor-both necessary qualities for suffrage press work, send news from National headquarteis without notifying our it would seem. branch associations of the facts so that they might explain 60 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 61

or amplify our story for their local papers. Also, our branch various branches of our work, but it is, I hope, possible to associations would never give out a story involving a question makemembers of the Convention realize two facts. The of policy or a definite advance in their campaigns without in- first is, that there now exists a most remarkable and unprece- forming us. We have, however, not had the money to do this denteddemand for information about suffrageand suf- work aswe should andmany awkward situations havere- frageevents. We are news as wehave never been before. sulted. Not only have we frequently been in a false position Moreover, we are no longer amusing and sometimes pictur- before the public-one whichcould have easily been ex- esque; we are of real intellectual and political interest. The plained had we suffragists all known the facts-but also we other fact is that we have not inany particular been able have unfairly judged one anothers’ actions merely on .the evi- to take advantage of all the opportunities we have had, al- dence of newspaper reports. though we realize that publicity is as the breath of life to In general, we obtain the best results .when we give our the suffrage movement. Without it, the benefit of any kind news and ideas to the professional writers instead of writing of suffrage work isreduced to a minimum. With publicity suffragearticles ourselves and mailing them to the papers of the right kind,we secure full value for all our labor of at considerable expense forprinting or multigraphingand organizing and campaigning. postage. This rule, I think, applies to state work as well as Ourfailure to measure up to our opportunities is, of to the National Press work. It is a very unusual press chair- course, due primarily to lack of money, although in some in- man whocan write with sufficient detachment to have her stances a greater co-operation would enable us to offset the stories printed in anti-suffrage or neutral papers, while even poverty handicap. Having no appropriation, our press work newspapers favorable to woman suffrage usually relegate the is, of course, not in the least like that of any political organ- work of amateurs to suffragecolumns, which thegeneral ization or reform movement which is able to buy plates, pay reader is likely to avoid. Thesame material, if handledby for matrix maferial, or send great quantities of typewritten a professional writer, without the obvious pro-suffrage slant, and printed material to newspapers throughout the country. is very likely to getacross as news. We have, in fact, had a nmchsmaller appropriation for run- Theusefulness of our Weekly Press Bulletinis limited ning expenses than have solne of our branches and our Con- because we cannot save live news for it; because it is impos- gressionalCommittee. But, even assuming that we shall sible towrite one set of itemsequally interesting tothe neverhave the large sums necessary to do our workas it sophisticated readers of the states where suffrage is a politi- should be done, and admitting that in some instances we get cal issue and to those where suffrage workis yet in the propa- more space because we work as amateurs, it would seem ri- ganda state; also because many of the smaller papers won’t diculous, wereit not so deplorable, that we are unable to set up typewritten copy unless it has a strong local interest. afford workers enough to do those things which can be done However, the answers to the questionnaire that I recently sent only by suffragists. We can never expect the newspapers to out to our press chairmen have convinced me that even with pay experts to collect the facts on suffrage which we would theselimitations, the Bulletin has considerablevalue, espe- most like to have published. If we fail to supply them with cially in the states where organized press work is just begin- the best sort of material, and to dramatize it, so to speak, in ning, and in the states where the press chairmencombine our order to make its news value apparent, the papers very bulletin news with local news in such a way as to meet the naturally fill the space with stories which are easiest fbr individual requirements ’of the newspapers in their territory. professionals to write. There is very little information on suf- In this report, it is not possible to take up in detail the frage of any news value which is not printed, provided some- FO RTY-SIXTH CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 63 62 PROCEEDINGS OF THE .

one has had time toget it into shape. The professional ardentsuffragist. Knowledge of publicity does notin the writersare many of themmost intelligent concerning the leastmake up for lack of conviction and enthusiasm. For suffrage movement, but they cannot be expected to do the instance, anyone who is a suffragist first and publicity person work which it is our place to do. second will try to kill a good news story if there is anything While there are some editors who give us space because in it prejudicial tothe suffrage movement. In some cases they have to-that is, because we are always doing something it is impossible to keep a story out and the decision of the different and making news which cannot be ignored-there person interviewed must necessarily be to state facts in an are perhaps even more editors who are either suffragists or impartial manner rather than let the story goout ïn a garbled and inaccurate form. There are many other instances, how- ' who have a real interest in the suffrage movement, and are therefore eager to give us all the space which the business de- ever, when a person can kill a story by refusing to comment partment of their paper permits. And, by the way, one of the upon a rumoror upon definitely known facts. During the most valuable kinds of press work is that which can be done last year when any reporter hasbrought me an alleged state- by everysuffragist individually. Newspaper and magazine ment by a member of the Congressional Union criticising the offices are most sensitive to the praise and blame of readers. National Association, I have refused to commentand have also discouraged attempts to interview members of the Na- Suffrage departmentsare sometimesstopped because no readers writetheir approval. Individualnewspaper policies, tionalAssociation on thissubject. When, however, I have belittling or perverting the suffrage issue, are sometimes per- been asked for a statement of fact as to the conflicting poli- cies of the Union and the National, I have made the state- sisted in because no readerswrite their disapproval. Also, it is discouraging to the editor when a reader writes a letter ment without comment. It isvery undesirable to criticise complaining of one news item or one cartoon, although she other suffragists, but when there is known to be a difference has ignored everything which hasbeen printed in favor of of policy, it seems wise to state that difference in such terms Suff rage. that the public will understand there are principles at issue Above all else, it is necessary to bear in mind that the . upon which reasonable women may easily differ. newspapers cater to all of their readers and not merely to Demands upon the press bureau, as upon every depart- suffragists. Instead of being angrywith the reporter for ment at Headquarters, have materially increased during the featuringsome point which seems to us abit silly, or for past year. There is, of course, little doubt that the ,increase leaving out something that we consider important, we must during the coming year will be even greater. For carrying remember that the reporterprobably had a hard time to make on the press work in anything like an adequate manner, we thestory interesting enough toget published at all. Nor need now at least one person who is skilled in research work should we feel grieved if a trivial human interest story gets andhas had legal training; one person who can devote all on the front page while an account of a meeting or a con- her time to reading and filing material, two stenographers, vention is cut out entirely. What we consider vital happen- and one person who will give out dl the material prepared ings in the suffrage movement are often not news at all and by the other four. At present there is only the press chair- we must realize that although newspapers do sometimes make man and one assistant who divides her time between filing mistakes, on the whole they know their business better than andstenography. The proposed budgetfor next year pro-

we do. , vides no increase in workersand contemplates acutting It isin my opinion almost impossible to havesuffrage down of the runningexpenses of the press bureau. I feel news given out successfully by anyone who is not a very that the members of the Convention would wish to increase 64 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 65 rather than decrease the press bureau budget, if they realized Department if a plan were adopted which would secure the that the demands which now come to us cannot be met by payment by the National Woman Suffrage Publishing Com- the local associationswithout a much greater expenditure pany for one-half the time of one person, who should spend of time and money than are necessary for centralized work. the other half of her time as Chairman of the Data Depart- The press work which can be done by wholesale, so to speak- ment, and also of a part of the time of a stenographer, who that is the assembling of news which is circulated throughout should devote the rest of her time to the Data Department. the country by the greatmagazines, the press associations and Theplan was in operationfor less thanthree months, the syndicates-can obviously best be done in the headquar- but the experiment proved a very interesting one. ters which is, more than any other place in the country, a The first work undertaken by the Data Department was clearing house for information, ideas and knowledge of the to make a card catalogue of laws affecting women and chil- personalities of suffragists.Moreover, preparingdata and drenin the non-suffrage states,the subjects to be covered statistics for the use of other suffragists can in many cases being labor laws, domestic relations, equal guardianship laws, be betterdone by the NationalAssociation than by local prostitutionand white slave laws. We planned to do this associations which, in the stress of legislative work and active work because of the very great demand for the information, campaigns, cannot take time for any sort of research work. especially after the publication of our study of legislation in other words, the State Associations should be able to de- In the equal suffrage states. I secured the services of a volunteer mand of the .National the work which the National can do worker, Miss HelenRanlett, who is like myself a member most economically, which it can do without infringing upon of the New York Bar, and, in the time which we had free for the press work the local associations are best able to do for this library work, we made a preliminary study on all of these themselves,. and which it would do if the financial resources subjects in thirty out of the thirty-nine non-suffrage states. of the Press Bureau were adequate. Before we had time to verify and check upon our results, ELINORBYRNS. or study the decisions which modified the statutes, the Data Department was abolished. This part of the work of the Data REPORT-DATA DEPARTMENT Department is at this moment quite useless. Another two The Data Department of the National Association existed months’ work would, I think, have put the results of our pre- fromJanuary 23d until April 15th. Thedepartment was liminary work in such shape that they would be extremely created atthe suggestion of the executivesecretary, Mrs. valuable to us all. Dennett, thesecretary of theLiterature Committee of the We still feel the demand, and have, with greatregret, National Association, Mrs. Bjorkman, and myself. been forced to write many letters telling suffragists and pro- Aftera year ormore of experience at NationalHead- fessional writers that we were not able to supply them with quarters, we all realized fully the need of a source of accurate the information which theyrequested, and which they had information on all factspertaining to womansuffrage and believed we would soon have. the subjects which are allied with it in the minds of the public. During the recent campaigns we have especially felt the We believed that this information, if carefully prepared and lack of such information, as we have received a number of filed, could be used with allnost equal advantage in the litera- requests from the campaign states for information for their ture department, in the press bureau and in the organization speakers and press workers. work of the National Association. Duringthe time that the Data Departmentwas in TheNational Budget of lastyear provided for a Data existence, we developed quite a large correspondence, proving 66 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 67 that there was a real demand from suffragists for accurate Theactual incorporation did not occuruntil the latter information on may points. A number of our correspondents part of February,and previous tothat time the National expected such a wide range of information, that it would have LiteratureDepartment did verylittle new publishing, but been absurd for us to try toanswer them. Many others, how- simplycontinued the sale of theliterature on hand, until ever, askedvery pertinent questions, which it seemed our thenew Publishing Company wasready totake over the duty to be able to answer. business. Even during the short time the Department was in ex- Afterthat the duty of theLiterature Committee was istence, it became obvious thatthe work would soon fall assumed to be to makerecommendations to the Publishing into certain lines so that the answering of questions asked, Company as to the kinds of literature which it might be ad- eitherby our suffragists or professional writers, would be visable to print and to give advice and information when re- almosta matter of routine; in other words, suffragists and quested. writers in every part of the country wanted to know prac- Untilthe end of March,the chairman of the National tically the same things. After looking up the information for Literature Committee was also one of the five directors of one we had it in such shape that the sending of it to another the Publishing Company. At that time, however, she resigned was a very simple matter. from both positions because the conditions under which the Since the middle of April, when I tookover the press literature was published had been made essentially different work again, I have been able to collect only such information from those announced to the convention and approved by it. as I have found most essential for press work. The Literature Company hacl concluded after a few weeks The Executive Secretary andI have found, moreover,that of experiment that it could not conduct the business on a instead of answering inquiries by the best possible evidence paying basis, if it adhered to the plans made at the conven- on any point we have had to send second-hand information. tion. It thereforeasked the National Board to release it That is, we have not been able to look up many points our- from the agreement in regard to certain joint salaries, and selves, but have had to say-% such and such a magazine to lessen its floor space and its rent. The request was granted or newspaper, we saw .such a statement”; or “We have un- by the Board. The Literature Company Board also reduced derstood from so and so that such a thing is true.” This has its own staff workers and dismissed all but one who had had been farfrom satisfactory to us, andhas, of course, been any previous experience with the literature. The result of the even more unsatisfactory to those who have made inquiries action of the two Boards was that the Data Department was from us. entirely abolished, the editorgiven up, a new business manager ELINORBYRNS, appointed who had known nothing of suffrage work hereto- Chairman. fore and the promotion work in the main office abandoned. Under those circumstances, it seemed to me that the out- REPORT OF THE LITERATURECOMMITTEE look for the production of good literature was seriously hurt, The function of the Literature Committee has been rad- and I earnestly advised boththe Literature Company ically different this year from the previous years inasmuch Board and the National Board to let the literature come back as the literature department of the National Association was intothe NationalAssociation as a regulardepartment .of byvote of the last convention, converted into the National work, 011 the salne basis as previous to the convention. This Woman Suffrage Publishing Company, Inc., as anindependent proposition not being accepted, I felt that I could not wisely corporation. remain either a member of the Literature Company Board of FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 69 68 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

Directors or the Chairman of the Literature Committee o€ Cyrus W. Field; the Vice-president, Mrs. Raymond Brown; the National Association. The NationalBoard thereupon the Secretary, Miss Helen Potter; the Treasurer, Miss Esther voted that it should be ex-officio, a part of the duty of the G. Ogden; the Chairman of the Literature Committee, Mrs. executive secretaryto serve as Chairman of the Literature Edward O. Parker; and our Director-at-Large, Mrs. Stanley Committee. McCormick. Since that time I have rendered what service I could in It is a fact that the solution of a problem on paper, and response to questions from the Publishing Company. the practical working out of the same problem are two dif- Respectfully submitted, ferent matters, and thisfact was brought home to the di- . rectors of the new Company almost immediately afterits MARYWARE DENNETT, formation. Chairman. Two matters in particular could not beworked out as planned, and as one of these matters involved a change in the REPORT OF THE NATIONAL WOMAN SUFFRAGE PUB- plan for the issuance of the capital’ stock, as contemplated in LISHING CO., INC. the report submitted to and accepted by your Convention, and as the other involved a slight change in the Budget of the Madame President and Members of the Convention: Xational Association, I feel that I should go into some detail I come before you to report on the first nine months’ in explanation. work of the National Woman Suffrage Publishing Company, On January 23,1914, the organization of the Publishing Inc., the “infant industry” of the National American Woman Company was completed by the meeting of the incorporators Suffrage Association. and of the board of directors, and the Publishing Company At a session of your last Annual Convention heldat Wash- , was ready to talce over the business of the Literature Depart- ington on December 4,1914, the committee on the proposed ment of the National Association. On that day an inventory incorporation of the Literature Department of the National was taken of the stock of literature on hand, and a statement Association, presentedits report to you. Thisreport was made of the assets and liabilities of the Literature Depart- accepted by you, and you voted that a Publishing Company ment. The value of the assets over the liabilities amounted should be incorporated as outlined in that report. to between $5,000 and $6,000. TheLiterature Department On January 22, 1914, the National Woman Suffrage Pub- had a valuable asset to transfer to the new company in the lishing Company, Inc., wasincorporated. The incorporators value of its business-called the good will. This item, how- were Mrs. Raymond Brown,Mrs. H. Edward Dreier, Mrs. ever, was not of the same character as the tangible assets. Stanley McCormick, Miss Esther G. Ogden and Miss Helen The report submitted to the Convention contemplated a Potter, and the incorporators were by the certificate of in- corporation with a capital stock of $SO,OOO, of which $26,000 corporation made directors of the Company for the first year. was to be issued to the Trustees for theNational Association, Laterit was deemed advisable to increase the number of and $24,000 was to be sold to subscribers for cash at its par directors to seven, andMrs. Mary Ware Dennett and Mrs. Cyrus W. Field were elected as additionaldirectors. Mrs. value. Thedirectors of the .Publishing Companydecided, Dennett and Mrs. Dreier have since resigned from the board, after serious consideration, that upon the showing made on causing two vacancies. One of thesevacancies has been January 23, 1914, they were not willing to issue $26,000 par filled, and the officers and directors of the Publishing Com- value of stock to the National Association, on the same basis pany, at the present time, are as follows : the President, Mrs. that it was proposed to sell to the 0th-er subscribers, who 70 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 71

were to pay the par value of the stock in cash. It was neces- and the fixed rental, and permitted US to lease from them a sary, however, thatthe controlof the companyshould be separate portio11 of their offices, paying to them the same rate retained by the National Association. Thedirectors of the per square foot that we had previously paid them. This left Publishing Company, facing this situation, made the follow- US freeto make a new adjustment of our work and our ing proposal tothe National Board. Thatthe Publishing workers. Company issue two classes of stock: $30,000 par value of 5 I wish that I could come before you now, and tell you that per cent. Non-cumulativePreferred Stock, and $20,000 par all had been plain sailing and fair weather, and that we had value of Common Stock,both stocksto haveequal voting accomplished allthat we had planned. This I can not do, power. That it issue to the Trustees for the National Asso- for we have had many obstacles to overcome, and we have ciation $6,000 par value of Preferred Stock for its tangible had our set-backs; but I believe that a fair beginning has assets, and $2O,OOO par value (all) of the Common Stock for been made, and that in another year you,will find that there its good will. Thatthe balance of thePreferred Stock be is a steady gain in the efficiency and value of the literature issued at par to other subscribers for cash. In this way the service which you are obtaining. control of the company remains with the NationalAssociation, The position which we, as directors of the new Company, buf the cash subscribers and the National Association, to the have taken, has been that the money received from the sale extent of the stock representing its net tangible assets, have of the capital stock is a trust fund in our hands; and that a prior claim against the earnings of the company up to 5 the purpose of the subscribers has been that the money should per cent in any’ year, and against the assets of the corpora- become a part of a permanent fund to be used in the prepara- tion in the event of liquidation. tion of suffrage literature and supplies, In this matteryour Board met us fairlyand accepted With this in view wehave felt that it is our duty to the only terms which we felt we were justified in offering. put the Company on a firm financial basis, and by January 13, The secofid matter has in reality only to dowith the , 1915, when thefirst annualmeeting of the stockholders will management of the Company’s business, andthe arrange- be held, we will be able not only to report on what we have ment of the Association’s offices at 505 Fifth Avenue, New done, but we will be in a position to say what we will be able York City. As planned, the Publishing Company and the As- to do in future work. sociation were to divide the services of several people, and We feel that we know now to some extent where we were to share space, as the Literature Department had for- stand and what we can do. We have been hampered by very merly done. After a trial of this plan, however, it was found unfortunate office management, due to the fact that in a that this arrangement was not practicable. It imposed upon worklargely philanthropic it was found impossible to se- the Publishing Company a payroll of nearly $6,000 a year, cure the services of an executive woman willing to work for and an annual rental of $1,200; a burden which the Publish- the salary we were then able to offer. This has been recti- ing Company could not bear! We were using up our capital fied and we are sure of better results in the future. We have on poorly economized labor and rental so fast that we were also been greatly hindered by lack of space, but we hope to appalled. Appeal was made to the Board of the Association make better arrangements with the National Association for on the ground that we could notcontinue to carry 011 the the coming year. Lack of space means lack of storing capac- business at the loss which we wereincurring. In orderto ity, and means that sufficient stock can not be kept on hand give US a chance to work out of a bad situation, the Board tq give the promptest service. voted to release us from allobligation as to part salaries, A very important factor in the further development of 72 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 73

our work, is the need of data, and the Preparation and editing have to waituntil we feel able to orderanother one-half of new material. This, if done by a paid worker is Pure out- million of various kinds before the one that has beensold lay, represents propaganda pure and simple, and can not be out can be replenished. This is also true of all our literature. expected to earnany return. Part of thiswork is being All of this necessarily means that we can not always done by the Literature Committee, whose work is of course have on hand enough literature to supply every demand; but, donated, but much of the work, particularly as to data, re- if you will give us all your printing I can assure you that quires a paid worker.The sale of literaturealone would after a short time there will be cheaper rates on our own not pay our expenses. The profit earning Part Of the business literature, less delay in filling orders and your printing bills is in suffrage novelties, which are, of course, in themselves, will be much lower than they now are. We need your co- excellent propaganda material. It is our hope that the earn- operation and your ideas-AND YOUR PRINTING. ings on these novelties will enable US to enlarge our business. The amount' of stock subscribed and paid for (outside Let me say further thatwe, the directors of thecompany, of the National Association stock) prior to November 1, 1914, believe that the Publishing Company is going to be a Success ; is $8,430.00. We still have 1,557 shares of stock to be sold at that you aregoing to get better service from it than you a par value of $10 a share. This will give us a good working could get in any other way; and that the question of strictly capital. Beforethis Convention ends all our stock should propaganda activity can be worked out by usi11g the profits be subscribed for so that we can do our share in supplying which we earn on other branches of the work. every demand upon us for the CAMPAIGNS OF 1915! Have you stopped to realize the difference between the EDITHM. J. FIELD, financial status of Suffrage Associations and of the Publishing President. Company? There is notsinglea Suffrage Association whichis notsupported by membership dues and donations. The Publishing Company on the contrary maintains of itself REPORT OF THE LEOAL ADVISER a paid office staff of five persons, pays rent and all expenses Nov.10, 1914. from the sale of literature and novelties and is entirely self- supporting. Your legal adviser is glad to be able to report that since Now to.enable us to carry on this work and to give you our last annual convention two bequests have been paid over even cheaper literature than you are now able to get from to the Association. One of these had involved us in a la'w- us, let me tell you what you must do. As soon as we print all suit in the state of Ohio, and the other was collected without the suffrage literature in the United States, our prices will trouble other than the delay incident to the settling of an go down. Because we will be printing in larger quantities and , estate. The matter of the bequest of Sallie J. McCall,which more often than we do now. For instance-we are obliged was reported on in some detail at the last convention, was finally settledthis summer after long litigation inwhich to print our Rainbow Flyers in one-half million lots to get the Association was ably represented by W. C. Cochran, a price from the printer that will enable us to sell then1 at Esq., of Cincinnati, and the property in question, consisting of one . our present rate. If we were printing Flyers for every as- hundredshares ofstock in the Cincinnati Street Railway sociation it would mean better prices on account of the Company of the value of between five and six thousand dol- volume of work and less delay in filling our own orders. We lars, was transferred to the Association on August 21,1914. would be printing Flyers so often that our stockcould be kept There was also received $704.95, accrued dividends remaining up.As it is now, if one Flyer sells better than another we afterthe inheritance tax and Mr. Cochran's fees hadbeen 74 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 75

deducted. The second bequestwas that of the late Senator miles since April 9th and that I have been in a number of Thomas W. Palmer of Michigan, andamounted after de- towns in the four campaign States in which I have worked duction of the inheritance tax to $4,750. This sum wasre- sinceApril 9th, Montana, North Dakota, Missouri and Ne- ceived by the Association in July. vada. Thematter of the bequest of Mrs. Lila S. Buckley of The pride I feel in having helped Jeanette Rankin win in Kansas, reported on at the last convention, is still unsettled, Montana is very great, but I feel an equal pride in the other the case not having yet been reached on the calendar. Tenta- States, too, for to work with thesesplendid western women is tive proposals of a compromise have been made to our Kansas an opportunity to learn so much that is beneficial, but I will representative, A. L. Wilmoth, Esq., of Concordia, butthe not dwell upon Jeanette Rankin, Mrs. E. M. Darrow, Mrs. H. only one of these proposals that your Board of General Offi- G. Miller or Mrs. Draper Smith, for you cansee for your- cers has felt inclined to entertain has not yet taken the form selves just what they are like ; but splendid as they are they of a definite offer. would not have gotten quite so far had it not been for the In February your legal adviser was requested to attend other splendidwomen and men whoworked so hardwith a meeting of the Board of General Officers at which meeting them. action was to be taken on certain proposals made by the Na- The duties of the Field Secretary as outlined to me when tional Woman Suffrage Publishing Company to the Associa- I took up the work, were to go about establishing a more tion. As the proposals in question are more properly treated friendly and more cordial relationship between the National in detail in thereport of thePresident of the Publishing Headquarters and the branches of the National in the States. Company, they have not been so treated in this report, but As to how effective that plan might be I cannot say, for ow- have been made the subject of a short supplemental report ing to the pressing needs of the campaign States, my duties which will be accessible to any member desiring further in- were elsewhere, but through the hearty and cordial recep- formation in the matter. tions that were given me as a national representative in the The only other questions with which your legal adviser four States I have already mentioned, I feel certain that such has had to deal during the past year have been those having a plan definitely carried out in all the States would keep them to do with the legal aspects of certain political and propa- so in touch with theNational Headquarters thatmany misun- gandawork of the Association. Because of their relatively derstandings would be cleared up from the past, and many unimportant character these questions havebeen omitted from avoided in the future. this report. I would like to tell you about some of the experiences MARYTOWLE, I have had-some of the places where I have slept and didn't Legal Adviser. sleep. Only once on my whole trip did I have to stop speak- ing on account of the rudeness of the crowd, and even then, theywere just good-naturedly too indifferent-they pre- REPORT OF FIELD SECRETARY ferred to voice their own views rather than hear mine, so 1 In making this report, I might tell you that I have spent simply gave them the floor. In this town, there were eight about $900 of your money, have raised about $200 by collec- saloons for a population of two thousand, so you can easily tions and the sale of pins, buttons, pencils, etc., part of which imagine why they were more opposed'to suffrage than forit. was used for expenseswhile part was turned over to local One day I was telling a man about the splendid reception leagues. I might also tell you that I have traveled about 8,000 that I had received everywhere I went and that all the other 76 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 77

speakers too had been cordially received at al1 of these street duringthe latter part of January, as it was decided that Chicago was meetings, and I rather marvelled that we should meet with much better situated geographically effectively to carry on the program such kindly treatment invariably. His reply was, ‘‘It’s not SO laidout under the organization department, very surprising. Did you ever see people go to a circus and As Congress was in session, it was necessary for us, as a committee, abuse the animals ?” to concentrate our attention on the lobby at the Capitol, and to deter- mine as quickly as possible both the policy to be adopted by the com- Many phases of the opposition to us came to light in mitteeand the wisest method of legislative procedure, Inorder to different places, butit was constantly demonstrated to me facilitate this work, Mrs. Booth and I joined Mrs. Funk in Washington, that wise enemies are often better than foolish friends. We and dividing our duties, we proceeded to investigate the temper of Con- can only winby education, organization andthen legisla- gress. tion. Too much emphasis cannot be placed upon education The Susan B. Anthony amendment,, known in the present Congress as the Bristow-Monde11 resolution, had been reported out favorably by followed by the most perfect form of organization that it is the standing committee on Suffragein the Senate, and if we desired, possible for us to get. In speaking of the difficulty in organ- could be placed as unfinished business on the calendar in the Senate, izing women, a man made the conment, that when it came uhich would enable us to have a discussion on the woman suffrage ques- to fashions in clothes, women seemed to organize in a clay tion on the floor of the Senate, terminating in a vote on the question. or week. Had my mind worked rapidly enough, I might have The situation in the House of Representatives was not so favorable. There is no standing Committee on Suffrage before thatbranch of replied, that the necessity for education first made the suf- Congress. The Monde11 amendment was in the Judiciary Committee, and frage organization harder. as that Committee was composed of men if not actually opposed to suf- As a national worker who has been so closely in touch frage at least indifferent on the subject, there did not seem to be any with the Campaign States, I have been chosen to present to immediate chance of action in the House. We discovered very soon, how- Dr. Shaw their expression of gratitude. I take great pleasure ever,that the Congressional Union was circulating a petition among the Democrats requesting them to caucus on the subject of establishing in the performance of this privilege, a Suffrage Standing Committee. The members of your Congressional JANE TEIOMSON.* Committee felt this to be a great mistake. It gave the Democratic party REPORT OF THE a splendid opportunity to commit themselves as opposedto woman suf- frage, using their states’ rights doctrine as a reason for their action. We , NATIONAL CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE discussed the advisability of circulating the petition with the members On the first of January, 1914, the following women were appointed of the Congressonal Union, who were convincedthey were right in to serve on the National Congressional Committee: puttingthe Democraticparty on record foror against suffrage, and it Mrs. Medill McCormick, Chairman, Chicago, Ill. developed during our discussion that their policy of holding the Demo- Mrs. Antoinette Funk, Vice Chairman, Chicago, Ill. cratic party, as the party in power, responsible, was to be put into action Mrs. Helen Gardener, Washington, D. C. at once and announced as soon as the Democrats had voted in caucus. Mrs. Mary C. Bradford, Denver, Colo, Knowing, as we did, that this policy of the Union was diametrically Mrs. Sherman M. Booth, Glencoe, 111. opposed to the policy of the National Association, which has always been a Mrs. Desha Breckinridge, Lexington, Icy. non-partisan policy and a policy to hold the individual, and not the party, Mrs. John Tucker,San Francisco, Cal. responsible for his attitude on suffrage, we tried desperately hard to Mrs. Edward Dreier, Brooklyn, N. Y. block the petition and avoid the Democratic caucus votingon the sub- 1 assumed the responsibility as Chairman early in January, and after ject at that time, but as the Congressional Union had a lobby of forty at owning our headquartersin the Munsey Building, Washington, D. women as against our three, it was impossible for to head off the C., divided the Committee’s work into three departtnents-Lol)by, pub- US petition. Democratic party caucused, and not 01dY voted against licity and Organization. The lobby and publicity were colltinucd fro111 The the Washington office, and an organization office was opened in C11icago a Standing Committee on Suffrage, but Mr. Heflin, of Alabama, amended the resolution before the caucus so that the members of the caucus Were *See special Resolutions and Greetings, page 211. enabled to vote, saying definitely that the woman suffrage question was a 78 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 79 question to be determined by the states and not by the mdonal govern- vote, but gained his consent to serve on our Advisory Committeein the ment. Senate. This, then, was thegeneral situation inCongress WhenOur com- MY next call was upon Senator Burton, of Ohio, areactionary mittee began work at the Capitol. It was now necessary for US to mtke Republican, andan old and intimate friend of my father’s. When I a complete canvass of both houses of Congress, to tabulate the records explained my mission, he amazed me by saying that he intended to vote ofthe men, in SO faras we wereable tosecure the information, and for our amendment, but that incasting a vote for it, he did not mean to determine at theearliest possible moment whether or not it was that he was in favor of woman suffrage, and did not consider that he advisable to force the Bristow amendment to a vote in the Senate. was casting hisvote for woman suffrage. When I inquired justwhat TheSenate hadno veryimportant legislation before it. The mem- he thought he was doing by voting for the national suffrage amendment, bers of Congresswere unusually impatient foran earlyadjournment, he explained at length that he was very much in favor of submitting all and wished only to consider atthe present session of Congress such such propositions tothe people, and letting them decide. He said: “By administration measuresas thePresident had called for,and it looked voting for the Bristow amendment, I will be submitting the woman suf- as if an adjournment would come immediately after the trust legislation frage question to the people, in so far as I am able to do so, through had been passed. You must remember that at this time war with Mexico national legislation.” was not even appearing on the horizon, and outside of the trust legisla- Senator Johnson, of Maine, a Democrat, and a strong believer in tion, there wasno political or administration issue important enough to the states’ rights principle, told me on the same morning that he would keep the members in Washington. As theJudiciary Committee inthe use his influence to a certain extentin Maine for the promotion of House was discussing trust legislation preparatoryto introducing it in woman suffrage,but could not conscientiously vote for this national the House before it was sent over to the Senate, it seemed an auspicious amendment. moment for us to introducesuffrage legislation inthe Senate. We Going next to see Senator Saulsbury, of Delaware, I found that he would thenhave an opportunity for unlimiteddiscussion until the trust was extremelyinterested in the idea of having the people of the states legislation was sent over from the House, and we would have no oppor- decide whether or not theyfavored woman suffrage, and expressed the tynity to bring up our bill after the discussion of the trust legislation, same idea asSenator Burton,in regardto submitting the proposition because adjournment would be the order of businessin the mind of tothe people throughoutthe country.Senator Saulsbury is a strong every Congressman and Senator. The coming Congressional elections advocate of states’ rights, so he was not willing to go as far as Senator made the members unusually restless, asevery politician wishes to Burtonand vote forthe Bristow ame‘ndment. On the other hand, he return home in time to repair his fences for the approaching Fall elec- said he was willing to introduce some sort of a national amendment tions. Wetherefore determined to canvass theSenate, and to advise which would submitthis proposition tothe people, if suchan amend- with the men favorable to suffrage in that body as to the best method mentwere practicable. of procedure. These four interviews gave us both a geographical and political idea MY first callwas upon Senator Borah, of Idaho, who is a strong of thegeneral sentiment in the Senate. Here were the same ideas personal friend, astaunch suffragist andhas the advantage of being expressed from Idaho to Maine, and from Ohio to Delaware, the views of aProgressive Republican froman enfranchised state. I began my ~011- inen rangingfrom a Progressive Republican from a suffrage state to a versation by explaining that I was callingupon him officially,wllen 1 reactionary Democrat in aNew England non-suffrage state, and from was interrupted by his saying that he did not wish to have any personal a stand-pat Republican in a middle western non-suffrage state to a Pro-, misunderstanding with me in regard to his attitude on the national suf- gressiveDemocrat in asouthern non-suffrage state. frage amendment, then pending before Congress. “I cannot vote for this Thisrough canvass of the Senate, where there is a Democratic amendment, andwant YOU tounderstand my reasonsfor taking suc11 majority, showed thatthe states’ rights doctrine predominated tosuch a stand- 1 do not believe the suffragists of the country realize wlzat tlley an extent as to place aninsurmountable barrier in the way of passing are doing to the women of the South, if they force upoll them ulliversal the Bristow amendment, at least during this session of Congress. In suffragebefore they are ready for it. Therace question is one ofthe orderto prove this canvass to be correct, we interviewed personally most serious questions beforethe country to-day, andthe wOmel1 must every member of the Senate. By interview we mean that we found out, heb solve this question before theycan take on their greater responsi- in as great detail as possible, not only whether the man would vote for bilities,” etc- “1 am als0a strong conservationist, and entertain a Stafels or against the Bristow amendment, but just how he stood on the woman rights attitl.de Of mind on boththese questions.’’ I thaxlked him for suffrage question, whether it be in the state or national government. his frankness,and expressed my regret that we were going .to lose his This detailedcanvass proved thatour estimate was correct, and we 80 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 81

discovered that we had about 44 votes, if the Bristow amendment could can only bebrought about by an expression from the Representative’s be brought up for roll call. Congressional district, which is the reason why a Congressional district The following men agreed to serve onthe Advisory Committeein organization throughoutthe country is necessary ifwe areto pass the Senate : Senators Borah,of Idaho; Bristow, of Kansas;Shafroth national legislation at an early date. This Congressional district organiza- and Thomas, ofColorado ; Owen, ofOklahoma; Clapp, of Minnesota; tion mustact efficiently and promptly, and when that has been accom- Smoot, of Utah,Kern, of Indiana; Lea, of Tennessee, and Ashurst, of plished, the suffragists of the country- will have convinced their Repre- Arizona. sentatives inWashington of their seriousness of purpose, and, in my Theyunanimously agreed with us that it would be of great educa- judgment, notuntil we have reached that point of co-operation and tional value to have the question brought up before the Senate during the efficiency will we enfranchise the women of the United States. present session of Congress, as there never had been adebate on the During the canvassing of the Senate, we were more and more im- question of woman suffrage in Congress. Wetherefore placed the pressed with the necessity of meeting the states’ rights argument, and Bristow amendment on the calendar as unfinished business, which meant felt more and more keenly the barrier of the state constitutions in advanc- that every day at 2 :O0 o’clock, no matter what other subject might be ing our cause. An analysis of these constitutions provedmost illumin- beforethe Senate, according tothe rules ofthat body, the question ating, and in arguing with the Senators upon this point, they constantly of woman suffragewas beforethe Senate, andit wouldrequire the reiterated the general idea of submittingthis question, aswell as other unanimous consent of those members present to postpone the discussion big national questions, forthe decision of the people. We also dis- of this bill to another houror day. As we always arrangedto have covered at this time that there were seven or eight different amendments our friends in the Senate at 2 :O0 o’clock, it was impossible for the men beforeCongress on the woman suffrage question. For example, there is opposing our measure to gain the necessary unanimous consent, and for a bill giving us theright to vote for Presidential electors, Thereis ten days the woman suffrage question wasdiscussed pro and con, at another bill giving us theright to vote for Senators and Congressmen, great length. Atthis time the speakers onboth sides of the question etc. A national constitutional convention isthought bymany to be a had practically been exhausted, so it was broughtto a vote. The roll more advantageous method of workng for national legislation. Our work call in the Senate was as follows: asCongressionala Committee, representing the National American Woman Suffrage Association, is maintained in Washington for the pur- Ashurst Kenyon Sherman pose of promotingnational legislation. We therefore wereobliged to Brady LaFollette Smith, Arizona take carefully into consideration the advisability of these other measures, Bristow Lane Smith, Michigan and to weigh the advantagesand disadvantages of them before we Burton Lea, Tennessee. Smoot determined upon our next step. Chamberlain Myers Stephenson The Bristow amendment would soon be voted upon in the Senate. The Nelson ClaPP Sterling trust legislation wasentirely occupying the attention of the Judiciary Chilton Newlands Stone Committee in the House, and we were more or less at a standstill- in our Clark, Wyoming Norris Sutherland lobby work atthe Capitol, Ageneral canvass of the House of Repre- Crawford Owen Thomas sentatives convinced inan even more pronounced way than in the Cummins Penrose us, Thompson Senate, that we were again blocked the states’ rights doctrine, and Gallinger Perkins by Townsend also by the action of the Democratic caucus whichprevented from Gronna Poindexter us Walsh being reported out of the Judiciary Committee. Hollis Ransdell Warren The Bristowamendment would soon be voted upon h the Senate. Hughes Shafroth Works The trust legislation was entirely occupying the attention of the Judiciary Jones Sheppard Committee in theHouse, and we were more or less at a standstill in I wish to drawyour attention to the fact that our vote was 44, our lobby work at the Capitol. A general canvass of the House of Rep- which was theexact number of voteswe had pledged, showing three resentatives convinced us, in an even more pronounced way than in the facts which were very significant. First,that adetailed canvass proves Senate, that we were again blocked by the states’ rights doctrine, and to be anaccurate method of estimating the strength of an amendment. also by the action of the Democratic caucus which prevented us from Second, that the speeches made by the members had no effect upon the being reported out of the Judiciary Committee. decisionof the individualmembers to change their vote. Third,the It was atthis time that Mrs. Funk, Mrs. Booth and myself inter- lobbyist has verylittle chance of converting the members-conversion preted ourduty as a committee to mean that we were appointed not 82 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 83

only for the purpose of national propaganda and for the promotion of Now, to go back four or five weeks in the history of the legislative the Bristow amendment, but that ourduty was a more extensiveone work, the Congressional Union asked for a hearing before, the Judiciary and required us to meet whatever political emergency might arise during Committee in the House. Upon inquiry wediscovered thehearing was our term ofoffice. We thereforeset about tooriginate a new form not an exclusive one granted to the Union, and that the Federal Society of amendment to the United States Constitution which would meet the was to be given partof the time apportioned for.the suffragists, and states' rights argument, if such a thing were possible. As Mrs. Funk is that theanti-suffragists were to follow with an equal amount of time. a lawyer, Mrs. Booth and I agreed it was important for her to draw We therefore considered it necessary that the National Association should up such an amendment, and we would then submit it to several lawyers be represented at this hearing, and wrote to Judge Clayton, Chairman of and to our Advisory Committees in both the House and the Senate for the Judiciary Committee, requesting time enough for twospeakers. He their consideration. Atthe end of a week, Mrs. Funk presented the wrote a circular letter to the Congressional Union, the Federal Society rough outline of an amendment to Mr. Felix Franckfurter, an able lawyer and ourselves, allottingthe first hour tothe National Association, the in Washington, who was at that time connected with the Government, next twenty minutes tothe Federal Society, and the last hour of the but who has since gone to the Harvard Law School where he is teaching suffragists' time was given to the Congressional Union. The hearing constitutional law. He worked on some of the details of the amend- was just at the time of the big blizzard, and our speakers were storm- ment, and it was next sent to Judge Hiram Gilbert, ofChicago, who is bound, so that when we appeared before the Committee, there were only considered one of the best constitutional lawyers in the State of Illinois, Mrs. Funk, Mrs. Booth and myself to represent the National, and as and also toJudge' Calhoun, a lawyer of international reputation, who Mrs. Booth was not prepared to speak, and as I was Acting Chairman was our former Minister to China. We adopted the rewording of the for the time given our Committee, it left Mrs. Funk as our only speaker. amendment by Judge Gilbert, and then sent it onto the Progressive We had discussed, the night beforethe hearing, the possiblephases of Legislative Bureau in NewYork, where it was endorsed by their corps the suffrage question Mrs. Funk could use in her speech that wouldbe of lawyers who draft all their bills. The amendment was at this time new to the Judiciary Committee, As an organization, we have been con- discussed with our Advisory Committee in the Senate, and met not only ducting hearings before the Judiciary Committee of the House for over with their approval asan amendment, but they considered it a very forty years, and as many of the members of that Committee have served shrewd political move on the part of our organization. several terms, they are as familiar as we are with all the suffrage argu- At the next meeting of the National Board, I presented the amend- ments. We therefore decided to be perfectly frank with the Judiciary ment, and after nearlytwo months' consideration and discussion with Committee and draw to their attention the fact that they, as a Committee, some of the leading suffragists of the country, theyvoted unanimously possessed the power, if they wished to exercise it, to suggest to Congress endorsing it and instructing us to have it introduced whenever we thought some otherform of legislation thanhad beenpresented to them. Mrs. it advisable. This action was passed by the NationalBoard about two Funk made thisstatement to them, and said that in interviewing the weeks before the vote came up in the Senate. Not wishing in any way members of the Judiciary Committee individually, we found that they to interfere with the Bristow amendment, we did not discuss even the were convinced that woman suffrage was a question which was growing idea of the Shafroth with any other members of Congress, excepting of so rapidly throughoutthe country, thatit would only be ashort time course our Advisory Committees, or with the suffrage organizations. before the womenwould succeed in gaining their political freedom, but Immediately after the vote was taken, it was introduced by Senator that as a Committee, and because there was a majority of Democrats on Shafroth, of Colorado, who is one of the best andstrongest suffragists that Committee, they did not feel that they were able to report the Mon- in the Senate. dell amendment out of Committee ia any form. She pointed out to The Congressional Union had requested Senator Bristow to reintro- them the national bills and amendments that were before Congress, draw- duce the Susan B. Anthony amendment immediately after the roll call ing theirattention to thefact that a national constitutional convention on the suffrage vote, so that we did not interfere with their request, but, was a possibility, and that, as a matter of fact, if it was the states' rights of course, would have had it introduced ourselves if we had not known doctrine which they considered a serious impediment to national suffrage* beforehand from Senator Bristow that he had consented to introduce it legislation, it might be possible to amend the United States Constitu- 1 for the Union, tion in such a way as to submit by national amendment the subject of Both the Shafrothand the Bristow amendments were at once sent woman suffrage to a vote of the people. to the Standing Committee on Suffrage, of which Senator Thomas, of I have gone into the details of this hearing for the purpose of clear- Colorado,was Chairman, and in duecourse of timethey were both ing up in your mind the misunderstanding which arose among the mem- reported out favorably. bers of the Congressional Union in regard to Mrs. Funk's speech, and 84 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTIOhr 85

because of the attack made upon us of bad faith in a letter circulated by “Second, the states’ rights doctrine is the one objection raised to every one of its members. In reading this report, if anyone wishes, we can federal issue that comes before Congress. It is primarily thegreatest mail, upon request, a copy of the stenographic record of the hearing. obstacle tofederal legislation on any subject, and isrecognized as a As the original draft of the Shafroth-Palmer amendment was drawn valid objection by the members of Congress, and particularly those by Mrs. Funk, I amgoing to call upon her to present both the amend- members fromthe North, who feel that they owe to the members of ment and the argument. theSouth the justice ofrefraining frominterference in mattersvital tothe South. This condition arises from the fact thatthe fifteenth “The Shafroth-Palmer amendmentis asfollows: amendment was passed over the heads of the South, and, as they express it ‘thrust upon them.’ This they resent bitterly, becausewhile it affected ‘I ‘Wheneverany number of legal votersof any state, to the North little, if at all, the negro question affected the South vitally. a number exceeding eight percentum of thenumber of legal The bitterness is accentuated by the members of the reconstruction voters at the last precedinggeneral election held in suchstate, period, when thenegro was first enfranchised, and by the fear that at shall petition for the submission to the legal voters of said state some time in the future Congress will again force upon the South a con- of the question whether women shall have equal rights with men dition to which it is violently opposed. The women of the South share in respect to voting at all elections to be held in such state, such this sentiment up to a certain point, and at least two state presidents of ‘ question shall be so submitted andif, upon such submission, a suffrage associations wired their Senators to vote against the Bristow- majority of the legal voters of the state voting on the question Monde11 amendment. shall vote in favor of granting to women such equal rights, the = “Third,the Democratic party is committed to the initiative and same shall thereupon be deemed established, anything in the con- referendum, but not to woman suffrage. It is the psychologicalmoment stitution or laws of such stateto the contrary notwithstanding.’ to co-operate in the Democratic principle to ‘Let the people initiate legis- lation’ and take advantage of the ‘majority party’ favoring it. This can “This amendment tothe United States Constitution must passboth be moreeffectively done than by attacking the ‘majority party,’ to do branches of the National Congress by a two-thirds vote, and be ratified which isnot to meet theissue practically. Weare confronted in the by a majority vote of three-fourths of thestate legislatures beforeit national Congress with the fact that we have a Democratic majority in becomeslaw. both houses and a Democratic President in the White House. The Presi- “So far it isidentical with the Bristow-Monde11 amendment. The dent has endorsed the initiative and referendum, and has fully convinced difference between the two amendments is that after the Bristow-Monde11 himself ofits merit. He has not yet endorsed suffrage-somewhat to amendment has passed three-fourths of thestate legislatures, it com- ’ his embarrassment having made much of the point that it is not in the pletely enfranchises the women. The Shafroth-Palmer amendment, after party platform. We, in this resolution, ask him to endorse something that it has passed three-fourths of the state legislatures, enables eight per cent. is in the party platform, and a principle over which he has declared him- of the voters of the state to bring the suffrage question up for the con- self, namely: The initiative and referendum. We are, in other words, ask- sideration of the voters at the next general election. Such a petition may ing the Democratic party to give us, the women of the country, the initia- be filed at any time, not only once, but indefinitely, until suffrage is won, tive and referendum on the question of whether or not we shall be allowed to vote, and no state can have this question forced uponthem or even and a majority of those voting 011 the question is sufficient to carry the settled until a majority of the voters of the state cast their ballots .in measure. In other words, every state where the women are not at present favor of it. enfranchised may be a campaign state every year. If the male voters “The difficulty we encounter in tryingto pass national suffrage in the states where women are not enfranchised are obliged to hear the legislation, is that we are not well enough organized, using the Congres- woman suffrage question agitated and discussed at a perennial campaign, sional district as a unit, which is the only organization line recognized by how long will it be before, in desperation and self-defense, they will vote aCongressman or Senatorto demonstrate to him that the majority of in favor of it? hisconstituents desire national action on the woman suffrage ques- “Now, why isthe Shafroth-Palmer amendmenteasier to pass Con- tion. Now, before we have actual voting strength enough in the national gress than the Bristow-Monde11 amendment ? Congress to pass the Susan B. Anthony amendment, it is necessary for “First of all, it shifts the responsibility of actually enfranchising the US to have moresuffrage states. Our representation in Congress is a women fromthe Senators and Representatives tothe people of their very small one because the enfranchised states happen to be those states respective states. The politician is always readyto shift responsibility. with the smallest delegations. For example, the following eleven suf- 86 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 87 frage states : Washington,Oregon, California, Nevada, Idaho, Montana, cannot.again be submitted for two years. Meantime all the energy that’ Wyoming, Utah, Arizona, Colorado and Kansas, have a total representa- should be expended in directly educating the people, must again be wasted tionin theHouse of 40, andin the Senate of 22. Add Illinois,where tryingto passa majority vote in two successive legislatures, It is the we have a municipal andPresidential vote, and you makeour total in opinion of one of the great suffrage leaders in New York, as expressed the House 66, andin the Senate 22. As werequire a two-thirdsvote to me, that if the amendment does not carry in 1915, the people will not of both branches before we can pass an amendment to the United States have an opportunity to vote upon it for another fifteen or twenty years, Constitution, we fall short of the necessary two-thirds vote in the House “In the state of Illinois, the women have been trying for a quarter by 224, and 40 votes inthe Senate. The singlevotes thatwe are able of a centuryto induce the legislature to submit an amendment to a to gain from the different delegations in Congress do not make up this vote of the people. The Illinois constitution is among the most re- difference, so we must waituntil we have won some of the states with strictive. It wasadopted more thanfifty years ago,when thestate large enough delegations to swing the balance of power. was a small agricultural community. Tt is now third in size, with the “We made a carefuland exhaustive study of the constitutions of second largest city in America and the fifth largest in the world in its every one of the forty-eight states, with the inevitable conclusion result- boundaries. The constitution is bursting atthe seams. Its provision is ing that every state that had come into the suffrage column had had the that only one section may be amended at a session, and although there is advantage of asomewhat modern and democratic constitution, Also, pressing and serious need of amendment, there has been no amendment that they had the advantage of the western spirit, which is less reactionary in twenty-two years. This is because of the political nature of its control. and more progressive and advanced perhaps than in the older and more “Anotherstate can only amend its constitution when three-fourths conservative states. Examiningand considering carefullythe constitu- ’ ofthe legislature speaks, when three-fourths of all the people vote to tions of the disfranchisedstates, we discovered that a verylarge per amend the constitution, and when two-thirds of all the people in every cent of them are so restrictive as to be almostprohibitive, and this, county so vote. This would mean that if one hundred per cent of all togetherwith the political control of legislatures thathad come about the people in every county except one voted to adopt an amendment, and through machine politics in the older states, rendered it imperative that in that one county there was only one less than two-thirds, it could not some action be taken in aid of these states before we could hope to num- carry. In anumber of states an amendment must passtwo sessions of ber them in the suffrage column. A few examples of restrictive constitu- the legislature. In some it must pass by a two-thirds, three-fourths, or tions and bad conditions will suffice. three-fifths majority. In many states it must be adopted by a majority “Under the New York constitution, aresolution foran amendment of the highest number voting at the election, and I wish to say here that must be passed by two ‘successive sessions of the legislature before it may there is no record of any amendment upon which there is the slightest be submitted tothe people. Nearlysixty years ago the women of New controversy having been carried under such conditions. We recognized, York started, a campaign to induce the legislature to submit this measure and it cannot be gainsaid, thatthe sentiment in Congress reflects the to the people. Probablythere are not five statesnor ten states in the sentiment inthe states. Union where so much time, money and ability havebeen expendedin “Theearly passage of theShafroth-Palmer amendment would aneffort to let the people decide upon this question, forit must be eliminate the state constitutional barrier, and leave for the state organi- borne in mind thatthe spirit of each stateconstitution is that these zation only the work of ratification of the Shafroth amendment, which problems are problems for the people themselves to determine. only requires a majority vote in both branches of the legislature. Again “The New York legislature last session passed this resolution, and the legislatorsin thestate are able toshift the responsibility ofthe in all probability the coming legislature will do the same. Then the mat- enfranchisement of the women tothe voters of his state. Heis not ter will be submitted for a decision of the people. Meantime, during the voting directly on the question himself-he is only voting to submit the more than half a century that the women have been working to this end, thegreat city of New York has grown up, withits manifold political question to the people. You can readily see that here again the Shafroth- ramifications and controls,a city wherefor years past they have been Palmer amendment is easier toratify inthe state legislatures than the naturalizing foreigners at the rate of something over fifteell thousanda Bristow-Monde11 resolution would be, because inthe ratification of the year, decreasing each year the proportion of American born citizens and latter amendment, the legislators are practially casting the final vote on increasing the foreign born citizenship, which is generally opposed to the the enfranchisement of the women all over the country. In other words, advancement of women. where the women use the initiative and reíerendum petition system of “If the matter of suffrage is submitted to the state of New York in submitting the question of woman suffrage tothe voters ofthe State, 1915 and does not carry, under the New pork constitution the resolution they are enormously impressed with the educational value of the work 88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 89

in connection with the petitions, whether they win or lose the state for Washingtonto Chicago. Mr. Dunn was unable to undertakethis cam- suffrage. paign work, and it was at this time-early in July-that we were fortunate “Thesimultaneous consideration ofsuffrage in every state at the enough to secure Mr. Charles T. Hallinan‘s services at the head of the same time, would give overwhelming accumulative impetus to the move-. Publicity Department, which was to include both the campaign and the ment, and would increase suffrage activity inestimably. Federalsanction Congressional Committee’s work for the rest of the year. Mr. Hallinan, would dignify the movement in states where suffragehas not yet been who was formerly of the Chicago Evening Post, was safely tucked away treated seriously enough, and many women heretofore‘timid to stand in the country, writing a novel, when we presented the proposition of this openly for it, would be encouraged to do so. The fact that the national national suffrage publicity work to him. Being anardent suffragist, and Congress had taken any action whatsoever in regard to the suffrage ques- recognizing the great opportunity of service in this country in this par- tion, would stamp it as a national issue, and it would make it most diffi- ticular line of thesuffrage work, hehas taken hold of the department cult forthe Democratic or Republican partyto ignore the suffragists with the real vigor of an enthusiast. I think it is unnecessary for me when they next convene theirrespective national conventions, and I tosay anything more in introduction, as you have all become familiar very much doubt whetherthey would be able to decline toput a suf- with his work duringthe last few months. I takegreat pleasure in frage plank in their national platforms. introducing Mr. Hallinan. “Respectfully submitted, “ANTOINETTEFUNK, ‘Vice Chairman.’’ REPORT OF THE CHAIRMAN OF THE PRESS BUREAU OF THE CAMPAIGNCOMMITTEE, CHICAGO, NOV. 1914. In dividing up the work of the lobby, Mrs.Sherman Booth, the third active member of the Congressional Committee, undertook to card “Whenyour chairmanassigned me tothe publicity work of the catalogue Congress by the same method whichshe used so successfully Campaign Committee and the Congressional Committee of the N. A. W. onthe Illinois legislature. I now takegreat pleasure in calling upon S. A., I found myself confronted with a publicity tradition-if I may - Mrs. Booth to give us a digest of her records. call it that-within the suffrage movement, which was very different This closes the report on Congress and the lobby. from that with which I was familiar. We opened the PublicityDepartment of the National Congressional “That is, I found myself expected to send, out regular weekly bulle- Committee with the idea of publishing the news from the Capitol by our tins to unknown women, located at remote points in the various states, own Washingtoncorrespondent, who wouldhave thegrasp and knowl- whowere called ‘State Press Chairmen.’ These women, I was told, edge of the political situation, as well as giving out local andnational would take my material and in turn feed it out to localwomen, who in news on suffrage and humanitarian legislation. Forthis reason we turnwould give itto the papers. I wanted very much to accept this selected Mr. Arthur Dunn, who had been a Washingtoncorrespondent tradition,partly from sheer amiability and partly because I respected, for thirty years, as the head of this bureau, and in addition to publishing and had, indeed, a vivid sense of,the devotion and the capacity for the local and national political news, he supplied nearlyfour hundred detailedand persistentendeavor which this machinery of the National papers with a weekly résumé of the situation at the Capitol. He proved represented. to be of inestimable value to the lobby work of the Committee, because “But my training and the stream of events were too much for me. of his personalacquaintance with every man inboth branches of Con- When news developed in the field of the Congressional Committee or in gress. There are manytimes when an emergencyarises, and to be able that of the Campaign Committee, I found myselfwhipping it into shape to geta message to a Senator or a Congressman in a committee room, and sending it out instantly over the country, through the channels with a critical situationmay be saved. This Mr. Dunn was able todo, atld which,as a newspaper man, I wasalready familiar. The results were duringthe time we were pressing for a vote in the Senate, it etlabled gratifying,though everylittle success found me further and further us to take advantage of many points, which, otherwise,we would have from the goodold ways with which my devoted colleagues were famil- been compelled to let go by. iar. I triedseveral times to frame up a ‘BulletinService’ which During the summer months, the National Board appointed me Chair- would help these women in furnishing news to their constituents. But in mn of the Campaign Committee toassist the campaignstates, and as nearly every case, the ‘story’ seemed too good to jeopardize by delay in this work was of vital importance, and as it required an entirely different delivery, and I gradually and mournfully gave up the attempt to fit the sort of publicity campaign work, we transferredthe press work from live news into the service which 1 found in existence. , 90 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 91

“Of the five professional methods ofgetting news out over the are justly suspicious of the matter whichthey send out. If we have country,we used, during that brief campaign, all but one. First, we the sound sense to make our publicity vital, ifwe demonstrate that our sent outstories throughthe big press associations, which means the press bureau exists primarily for furnishing news and not for concealing Associated Press, the United Press and the International News Service. or distorting it, we will find a vast growth in our publicity results. Secondly,we sent out stories through various ‘newspaper syndicates’ “The suffragists of an older day expected their cause to gain through which use material, especially when it is accompanied with pictures, of a the conversion ofmen’s minds. They believed that man was essentially general news character. We also sent out some matter, though not very a reasoning being and would weigh solemnly the pro and con and finally much, throughthe Washington correspondents of the big daily papers, ‘come out for suffrage.’ But we know to-day that man is not essentially and finallywe established direct communication with the seven hundred and simply a rationalistic being; he is partly imitative; partly emotional evening papers and the four hundred morning papers of the country. ’ and always more or lesssuggestible. We make our greatest gains the “The fifth method which was open to us-thatof sending out ‘plate more we forsake the didactic and argumentative tone of an earlier day, matter’ throughthe Western Newspaper Union or the American Press and take ourselves and our cause for granted. When a mansees suf- Association-we did not use. Thisis avery common form of publicity frage news in the paper day after day, the assumption gradually forms but we did not attempt to use it, first, because it is very expensive, and in his mind thatthe movement is growing. It acquires the form and second,because my experience convinced methat it was thesort of character of an avalanche, and if he is of the ordinary temperament, he service which can best be done state by state rather than nationally. A would rather be on an avalanche than under one,and after a while,as StatePress Chairman-I really believe in State Press Chairmen and in the process goes on, he will declare that he has always been a suffragist intensive state publicity-who has worked up a personal connection with and cannot, for thelife of him, understand howanybody can be on the small daily and weekly papers in her state, is alone in a position to theother side 1 For one man-let us confess it-who has read John furnish this plate service on an economical and effective basis. She- Stuart Mill, there are tens of thousands who have read nothing on the . or he I-can give that mattera local color and make it seem like state subject except unimportant squibs ofnews. The more wereckon with or localnews. She can varythe plate service so as to make it appeal this fact, the more successful we shall be. ’ to the different nationalities in her state. In short, it is an admirable “CHARLEST. HALLINAN.” methodwhen it is handled with insight into local conditions, but it is pretty extravagant when it is handled on a national scale. A Chicago office wasopened for the purpose of carrying on the “The most interesting results came from our direct contact with the organization work, Our idea is to build up in each state a Congressional dailypapers. This meant writing up a ‘story‘ in astraightaway news- district organization forthe purpose of using pressure uponCongress paper style over a Chicago date line andsending it out by mail to be and keeping the states in close touch with the Washington work. released at a given time. The melting potstory, for example, was sent The following plan was mailed to the President of every state asso- out in this fashion, and had an extraordinary popularity. So far as we ciation, called the “Detailed Organization Plan,” and each state President know,only one big newspaper violated the release date and printed the was requested to present this plan to her Board for considerationand story ahead of time. I am inclined to believe that was an accident. The adoption story of the National’s joiningthe Buy-a-bale movement was handled Each state Boardis to elect aState CongressionalChairman who partly throughthe big press associations, and partly by direct contact actsunder the direction and supervision of theState President, and at with the papers inthe fashion just described. The publicity on the the same time keeps in direct communicationwith the Congressional motion picture play was likewise handled in this way. Chairman in Washington. Should any dispute arise between the Congres- “It is entirely possible for the suffragists to get a great deal of legiti- sional Committee andthe State President as to the duties of the Con- mate publicity throughthis direct contact with the big daily papers of gressional Chairman or thecarrying out of instructions in regard the country. This requires, first, that we send out news that is interest- to the Congressional work inthe state, we want it thoroughly under- ing to the general public as well as to suffragists,and second, that WC stood that it is our idea that the Congressional Chairman is acting under write our news in a style of entire detachment and without any traces theState Boardand not under the CongressionalCommittee. of partisan coloring. Nothing could be easier than to get the newspapers When the State Congressional Chairman has been elected, she should of the country accustomed to the appearance and style of our press mat- communicate with the local suffrage organizations in each Congressional ter so that they learn totrust it and to use it gladly. The one thing, district, requesting them at an early date to appointmembers of their usually,which prevents a propaganda fromdoing this successfully, is various organizations to meet and elect a Congressional Committeeman that movements very seldom tell the truth about themselves, and editors to represent their district and act under the state Congressional Chairman. 92 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTYSIXTH CONVENTION 93 Theduty of the CongressionalCommitteeman is to obtainall pos- sible information about the Congressman representingthat district in In other words, we could demonstrate quite clearly to these Congress- Washington. For example, his reputation as an individual in the com- men theextent of the activity andinterest in this question throughout munity in which he has lived; if he has been a business inan, his record his entire district. as a business man, all to be looked up and confirmed; and if a professional I donot believe that it is the American man who is opposed to man, much information can be secured as to his standingin his pro- woman suffrage, and in spite of all our propaganda work, we have not fession, If heis married, we wantthe information about his wife; reached the bulk of the men in this country, and, as a matter of fact, whether or not she is a suffragist; if she belongs to a suffrage organi- they are still ignorant of the fundamental reasons for our persistent zation; if she has done any suffrage work in her home district, All this requests for the ballot, It isthe politician who is opposed to us, and information is valuable tothe lobbyist inWashington in working in who will continue to be opposed to us just as long ashe is able to Congress, The affiliations of a man are of great importance,particu- be elected in his districtwithout the help of the women. He realizes larly when a man has not definitely made up his mind to oppose a measure thatthe days of independence in representing his constituency will be but isreally open to reason. At such a time, the detailed information over when the women are in a position to hold himresponsible for the which can only be obtained by the people in his own city or townis way he votesin Congress, andthat the days of corruption and graft of the -utmost value, because it impresses him not only with the thorough- will be at least very much diminished whenwomen as welt as the men ness and system of our work,but, so to speak,we have“the goods on elect him to office. him.” Noargument which can be presented by a lobbyist in Washington After this information has been gathered by the Congressional Dis- is of any value in trying to convert a man who is opposed or indifferent trict Committeeman, a copy of it should be put on file at thestate tothe question, forthe reason thatthe lobbyist is powerless to force him into a decision. The only authoritythat the politicianrecognizes headquarters, ‘md a copy sentthrough the State CongressionalChair- - man tothe Congressional Committee in Washington. In this way the is an authority from the concerted action of his constituency. To demon- Congressman‘s record is filed andkept in boththe state and National strateto these men over andover again that your Congressional Com- headquarters. mitteein Washington is backed by hundreds of thousands of organized Another duty of the district Committeeman is to appoint a secretary women all over this country, is the most convincing argument that can in each local suffrage organization throughouther district for the pur- be presented to such men as are representing us now in the United States Congress. Thanksto the partialfranchise of the’women Illinois, pose of giving us an opportunity to demonstrate the efficiency and strength of ofour organization when in Washington we desire a telegraphic com- the suffrage party of the country has at last attained a practical political munication from a man’s constituency to bring pressure upon him sud- position. If we are only willing to face practical political facts, we denly, whether it is upon a parliamentary technicality or upon an amend- can, by unitedaction, bring about definite results in the political arena, ment itself. by demonstrating political knowledge of complexpolitical situations Let me illustrate. and by actively campaigning against men who do not support and repre- sent in Congress. If a vote is pending in Congress and we have only 36 or 48 hours’ us In following out thisorganization plan, we believe it will benefit notice, it is very difficult to demonstrate to the members of Congress the thestates as well as the Natonal Association. We intend not only to support of organization, which is, .after all, the biggest argument for our tabulatea man’s recordin Congress upon the suffrage question, but stiffrage which we can present to them, unless we can secure telegraphic also upon the humanitarian measures which are the measures the women communications within that length of time. This plan we believe would work out in the following way : of the country are most interested in, and to report to the Congressional Chairman andin turn to each Congressional district in the various The Chairman of the Congressional Committee in Washington would states the votingrecord of every Representative in Congress. send awire to each theState CongressionalChairmen, stating the of Washington is a way from the great majority of the Congres- exact request to be madeof the Congressman by hisconstituents. The long sional districts of the country. Comparatively few of the voters of the State Congressional Chairman inturn wires her instructions to Iler UnitedStates read the Congressional Record, except when their repre- Congressional Committeemen, the Committeeman in turn communicates sentative in Congress makes a speech on the Floor ofthe House or to her secretaries, andnot only would the Congressmanreceive within Senate and mails a marked copy to the important men in his home dis- 24 01 hours individualtelegrams requesting him to vote upon’ the 36 trict to prove to his constituency how hardhe is working for them in measure, buthe would receive a message fromthe suffrage organiza- thenational Congress. I doubt if thereare many men, unless it is a tions stating the number of women represented. man of business who happens to have financial interests and thereis 94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 95

some pending legislation in Congresswhich will directlyor indirectly Mr. Mann occupies in the House and because of his efficiency as a pro- affect that business, whoever glance atthe roll calls inthe Congres- moter of legislation when he is actively working for it. sional Record to seewhether ornot their Representativeshave voted In following out thisparticular political plan toits logicalconclu- foror against the important legislation before Congress. sion, I firmly believe that we should select every two years three or four For this reason wetook from the CongressionalRecords, since the of the mostprominent suffrage obstructionists in Congress and help to year 1912, the actual votes of every Congressman upon the humanitarian defeat them by waging a political campaign against them in their respec- measures before Congress, the prohibition andthe suffrage questions. tive districts, and that it would be a comparatively short time before we We had this record of eachCongressman printedand mailed to each would have demonstrated to these Congressmen not only that we are in state association showing theexact way in whicheach Congressman earnestin the advocacy of our cause, butthat we are shrewd enough was representing the women of hisdistrict. We selected the Congress- politicians and possess competent enough organizations actually to demand men, after this digest had been made, who had voted persistently against fromour representativesrepresentation. every humanitarian question, and the prohibition and suffrage questions, I cannot lay too much stress upon the importance of this systematic and published what the newspapers regarded as a “blacklist.” As a matter tabulation of records and co-operation with the state organizations, be- of fact, we did not apply that term to it because it was not a “blacklist.” cause even with our perfect and hastily put together organization of the It was simply a list of the men, who, in our judgment, ought to be de- past year, we have demonstrated beyond any question of doubt the effi- feated for re-election because of their outrageous records. It was the. only ciency of this plan and the practical results obtained by it. direct and quick way we could reach the women of the country with this TheNational Congressional Committee maintained twofield organ- startling fact of misrepresentation of some of the conspicuous and lead- izers, Miss Lily Glenn, whospent most of her time in Kentucky, and ing Congressmen in Washington. It was a report of the National Con- theother, Miss Lavinia Engle, who divided her time between North gressional Committee to the women of the country interested in national Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Georgia and Missouri. legislation andto the suffrageorganizations inorder that they might Following is Miss Glenn’s report: possess accurate material with which to wage a campaign against any of “In Washington I began the organization of a Press Committee, the these.individuals at the Fall elections, if the state association should decide plan being to appoint a Press Chairman living in Washington from every it advisable. state in the Union, particularly the south. To illustrate the effect of publishing thhe records of these men I want “On Marth 4th, I was sent to Kentucky to organize under the direc- to cite the case of James R. Mann. Mr. Mann is one of the ablest men tion of Mrs. Desha Breckinridge, both for Congressional and local suf- in Congress, a strong Republican and leader of the minority party in the frage work, going first to Frankfort, where Mrs. Breckinridge and three lower house. lieutenantswere watching the suffrage bill which had been introduced His views on suffrage haGe made him conspicuously mediaeval, but providing full suffrage for women. Theyhad established suffrage head- we feltit of. vitalimportance to gain hissupport. Ten days afterthe quarters at the Capitol Hotel,where practically all of the Senators and Congressional Committee report went out he wrote the President of the Representatives were staying during the session. I met the Senators and Illinois Association and came out in favor of suffrage. What converted Representatives in the hotel and at the Capitol, and this first-hand knowl- him?His personalfeeling undoubtedly remainsthe same, buthe is an edge of the men helped me in my work in their districts. able statesman and a good politician, “I spokeon suffrage before thirteen county teachers’ institutes, and The women of his district had spoken at last, and he listened to their macle speeches in thirty-two other counties, covering in all forb-five voices and he bowed gracefullyto the inevitable. Theinformation sent counties, as follows : Barren, Simpson, Logan, Todd, Christian, Trugg, out from Washington by the Congressional Committee of N. A. W. S. A. Lyon, Caldwell, Marshall, Calloway, Fulton, Hickman, Carlisle, Ballard, was accurate and complete, and no one knew this better than Mr. Mann. Livingston, Union,Henderson’ Hopkins, Ohio, Hancock, Russell, Clin- His respect for our work grew, and now we have this able leader work- ton, Daviess, Wayne, McCreary, Pulaski, Perry, Leslie, Woodford, Ander- ing for suffrage instead of agakt it. son, Fayette,Clark, Washington, Trimble, Carroll, Gallatin, Boone, Ken- It may have been onlya coincidence that Mr. Mann shouldhave ton, Grant, Madison, Pendleton, Lewis, Boyd, Lawrence and Pike. chosen that particular dayto express himself infavor of suffrage, but “I was able to form twenty-seven organizations with full list of of- I am strongly inclined to believe theorganization work in the state, in ficers (all of them ,county leagues), in two counties appointed chairmen, co-operation with the lobby work inWashington, brought about this in seven counties did not effect an organization, though membership cards result. If we did not accomplish butthis one thing during thhe entire were signed, and nine counties visited were previously organized. I winter, we would have done a good year’s work, because of the position havesecured 1,739 new members to the state organization. These mem- 96 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 97 bers do not pledge themselves to any dues, but are asked to give to the as to fit any occasion, and I always carriedthem), announcing that I extent of their ability. In Kenton andFayette countiesseveral of us would speak at the fountain square, getting the permission of the mayor spoke atall the meetings, and we took nocredit for any of the mem- and the chief ofpolice. I spoke froman auto, and the policeman on bers enrolled. duty signed a card, and helped distribute the literature. It was a success. “Whenever possible, I spoke toall kinds ofwomen’s organizations, We have held successful street meetings in Louisville, Covington, Lexing- and various other gatherings.Usually I foundthe women’s clubs fair- ton and Lawrenceburg as well. minded, and only oncewas thereany question asto the advisability of “The average man is much more willing to help the suffragists than letting me talk. The woman’s club in one of the county seats did not theaverage woman in Kentucky. In two towns the townbands offered give me permission to come to the meeting until they had taken a vote their services, and in one of these towns lives the anti-suffrage Speaker and decided toadjourn as a club andjust listen as individuals to my of the Kentucky House. The band never fails to ,draw a large crowd. speechon suffrage. They notified me by ’phone, and I almost ranto “Every means of transportation has been used in Kentucky this sum- get there before they changed their minds. All of them signed member- mer but the flying machine. The other organizers and I have ridden in ship cards. mail hacks over roads so rough that springs were out of the question, and “In Richmond I addressed theEastern Kentucky Normal School, where the driver had frequently to get out and walk behind to see that and reached the high school studentsin many towns during the chapel the wheels did not come off. Our autos were sometimes drawn by mules exercises. I talkedin picture shows and onhotel verandasthrough the over the huge rocks, while we trudged behind. I have travelled on boats summer. up the Ohio to reach Kentucky towns, and have forded the Cumberland “For some time after I came to Kentucky, I explained the Shafroth River. I rode a mule to Hyden, Leslie County, because the trip was too amendment tothe people, but as I went furtherinto untried territory, hardfor ahorse, carrying my clothingin saddle bags. It is on the I found it was necessary first to talk tothem on the A B C’s of suf- road past ‘Hell for Sartin,’ made famous by J. Fox, Jr., and sixteen miles frage before we could effectively explainhow we expect to work for fromthe railroad through wonder country. My meeting at Hyden was the vote, So from that time onmy work has been in the line of propa- inthe church, andthe minister introduced me, endorsing suffrage. It, ganda. When I say that I met jeersand laughter on thestreets in the is a strong Progressive ,community, and 116 people joined the association most unenlightened sections, so soon as my business. in town became and formeda league that night. known, andin oneinstance heard a suggestion thatit would be well “Atanother time I rode 22 miles ina mail hack to Albany,Clin- to run me outof town, you will understandwhy it was of no use to ton Co,, where I organized a league witha minister as President. talk ways and means for thenational enfranchisement of women. I “UnionCounty was the last county to be organized, and the Presi- will add, however, that invariably afterthe meetings I would hearno dent of the leagueis Mr. N. C. Hammack, President of the Kentucky more ridicule, because the best in every town alwayscame to the front Education Association. Our Governor isnot a ,suffragist. and took up suffrage work. “Under the capable leadership of Mrs. Murray Hubbard, State Con- , “Most of my work has been in counties wherethere has been no gressionalChairman, the Congressional work has beenwhipped into suffrage agitation. One of these places wasElkton, Todd County, my such shape that Kentucky will be able to render efficientservice to the father’s birthplace. Needless to say, I was very successful in Elkton, Congressional Committee duringthe coming year. because they felt I was one of them. There, too, lives the mother of ‘ZILY GREEN.’’ Supreme Court Justice McReynolds, and she wanted very lnuch to come I want to take the opportunity here of expressing my deep apprecia- to the meeting, but having had a fall some time previously, she could not tion andgratitude of the cordial co-operation of the state organiza- walk up the steps tothe church. Shetold me that while her son is tions throughthe entire year. I know howdifficult it has beenmany opposed to woman suffrage, she could not see any reason why she could times to cope patiently with my ignorance of the suffrage organiza- not have a mind of her own. tions and past detailed history, but it has been a real inspiration to rep- “Sometimes I organizedtwo andthree countiesa week, and some- resenta body of women who are serving the cause with such gener- times onlyone. AtBedford, Warsaw and Carrolton I spoke fromthe osity. court house steps while my audience sat on the lawn. In Somerset, a With this, thereport of your Congressional c&nmittee, I respect- . town of about 5,000, I spoke at the fountain square. I reached Somerset fully submit the following suggestions and recommendations : at three in the afternoon, and at once asked permission to use the court I suggest that the time is at hand when not only the state officers house that night (Saturday).They were not willing togive it to me, of thestate. suffrage organization$ but the entire body of suffragists so I put up some handbills in the store windows (these were so worded in the states, should be kept informed of and in touch with the national 98 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 99 situation inall of its bearings upon our cause; that they should be in- I further suggest the following plan in general outline for cam- formed ofthe make-up of Congress, andthat they should besupplied paign work, such suggestions being merely tentative: with information not only as to what the individual member may pro- A state holding a constitutional conventionshould be regarded as fess by words, but what he stands for by deeds, as evidenced by his official in the campaign class. attitude toward suffrage, and other kindred causes. All states, once they decideupon inaugurating campaigns, if they I suggest that althougha man professes to be asuffragist and desire aid from the National, should at onceadvise the National Board even lends support at times, if he fails to uphold measures of great of this fact. human and moral importance, then thethinking women in his district The Committee, as suggested, should then make a thorough and should know this, in orderthat shemay formher judgment of his painstaking investigation of the exact situation in the proposed state value with all the facts before her. I suggest that this data is not gen- with reference to: erally available and can only be acquired byresearch work requiring - The status of the various political parties. time, opportunity and special preparation. The attitude of each political party toward suffrage. I suggest that many questions dealt with by the national Congress The character aiid temper of state officials toward suffrage. are local in their economic and political bearing, and frequently become The extent and general efficiency of the state suffrage organization. controlling factors in the success of suffrage. I suggest that suffragists The number of workers, organizers and speakers available in the state. in the several states and various localities should be able to get informa- What the state might reasonably do by way of financing the campaign. tion concerning these mattersfrom your Congressional Committee. The amount ofmoney reasonably necessary to carry the campaign. I.suggest that ours isthe cause of everyindividual suffragist, and The organization of the opposition ifany. that every individual suffragist is entitled to a true, uncolored, unvar- The interests opposed and their probable activity. nished statement as tothe situation bearing upon suffrage at Wash- Whether the campaign is undertaken for the purpose of education, ington at all times, whether such report is favorable or discouraging, or to pave the way for a second campaign. basedupon the best informationobtainable; and, further,that when a Whether the campaign is undertaken to break down or weaken some request is made of your Committee calling for a conclusion on the constitutional or moral obstacle. subject, thefacts upon which such conclusion is based should be set Whether the campaign is undertaken to induce favorable and path- out. finding legislation. I further suggest that many members are elected to Congress who Whatthe probable chances ofsuccess are from the variousview have given- but little, if any, thought to woman suffrage, and that points. with these it is of vital importance to wage a dignified and unending With the report of this Committee before the National Board, such campaign of education, andthat to this end it isessential that Com- Board could the11 decide the extent and character of aid it couldbest mittee members with this workin charge have a thorough understand- render the state, whether inmoney, organizers, literature, speakers or ing of generalnational politics, and further,that they keep in touch all of these. through state and Congressional organizations, in so far as possible, With this decision before them, your Committeeshould work out with the Congressional situation in the different statesand districts. a general campaign plan, modified in each state to meet the special need I suggest furtherthat ourNational organization cannot takeits of that locality.. proper place, nor the work of your Congressional Committee approach Such special literature for the states, bearing onlocal situations, as the highest point of efficiency, without a press or publicity department; ' might bedeemed necessary, could probably be prepared by the press that such adepartment isthe right arm of your Congressional Com- department of your Committee, with the aid, advice and assistance of mittee, without which fully one-half of theforce of your Committee thevarious state committees and officers,accomplishing much saving workwould be wasted and without effort. in time and energy by the centralization of the work and great economy I suggest thatthe suffrage campaigns of the past, andparticularly in thematter of printing, etc. those of this Fall, have demonstrated theurgent need of better and The need of each state being known under a generalplan, there fuller co-operation between theNational andstate organizations, in couldbe greater economy and efficiencyin the management of salaried organizing, framing and carrying to ultimate success all campaign work. Organizers. The publicity department could render valuable assistance Further, that thiswork could be standardized,and the campaigns and co-operate extensively with the press agents of the states. With more effectively administered with greater saving of time, money and all speakers routed by one department, wewould reach a higherdegree energy under acarefully worked-out system of co-operation. of economy and effectiveness. l 100 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 101

April 8, 1913. I suggest that thereis no morepressing need than for a National Speakers Bureau to meet a constantly increasingdemand for speakers HOUSEJOINT RESOLUTION No. 1.-Introduced by Frank W. Mondell, from all sections of the country. Sucha bureau should havea selected of Wyoming, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Page list of speakers, with tabulation asto their special qualifications, time 95 Congressional Record. of availability, cost of service, etc. With all available speakers upon the Jan. 24, 1914. books of a bureau, whether in the locality or withineasy distance of MEETINGOF THE RULESCoMxITTEE,-Members : the place requiring such services, they could be supplied at minimum Robert L. Henry, Texas, Chairman. cost and maximum convenience. I suggest that, as the Woman Suffrage Edward W. Pou, North Carolina. Council of Washington have inaugurated such a bureau, they would . Thomas W. Hardwick, Georgia. probably be willing to turn the same over to the National control, should Finis J. Garrett, Tennessee. it be so desired. . Martin D. Foster, Illinois. In conclusion I most earnestly suggest that those forces who have James C. Cantrill, Kentucky. always opposed movements, based upon the principles of democracy, Henry M. Goldfogle, New York. are now centering their fire upon the advance of women intothe Philip P. Campbell, Kansas. national field; that their work is no longer sporadic or confined to dis- Irvine L. Lenroot, Wisconsin. associated localities, but that their organization is nationalin its scope . Edwin A. Merritt, Jr., New York. with its, ramifications .planted in great vested interests, and thatour M. ClydeKelly, Pennsylvania. m organization, to succeed, must’ be built along lines Co-extensive with Mr. Lenroot moved to reportHouse Resolution No. 9 favorably theirs. to the House. Only 8 members were present. The votestood for I further suggest that we cannot afford to leave untriednor un- Mr. Lenroot’s motion : explored any field orany avenue which carries us in the direction of our goal. FOR: OPPOSED: To sum up these suggestions briefly: Foster, Illinois. Hardwick, Georgia. Your Congressional Committee recommends tothis convention first Campbell, Kansas. Pou, North Carolina. the establishment of a Publicity Bureau in connection with your National ’ Kelly, Pennsylvania. Cantrill, Kentucky. Headquarters. Lenroot, Wisconsin. Garrett, Tennessee. Second; the standardization ofthe co-operative work between the Mr. Lenroot then moved to reportthe resolution without recdm- National Association and the various campaign states. mendation, and Hardwick offered as a substitute that action on this Third; the establishment of a Speakers Bureau to meet the demand motion.be postponed. for Suff rage speakers. Fourth ; the further organization of Congressional districts. FORPOSTPONEMENT : OPPOSED: Cantrill, Kentucky. Fifth; the appointment by Board of Directors of a special ‘mance Pou, North Carolina. r‘ Lenroot, Wisconsin. Committee for financing the work of the Congressional Committee and Hardwick, Georgia. the Publicity Bureau. , Garrett, Tennessee. Campbell,Kansas. Kelly,Pennsylvania. Respectfully submitted, Foster, Illinois. RUTH MCCORMICK. Feb. 3,1914. DEMOCRATICCAUCUS OF THE HOUSEOF by HISTORY OF SUFFRAGE IN SIXTY-THIRD CONGRESS. simabre- of 51 names to petition requesting it, circulatedby the HOUSE JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 1. Congressional Union. (The Susan B. Anthony Amendment.) Quotation from the Washington Post, Feb. 4th : “It had been f$ven April 7, 1913. out yesterday that many members would sidestep the whole matter by remaining away from the caucus, and thus break a quorum. Just HOUSERESOLUTION No. 9.-Creating a Committee of the House of before the caucus was held, the Democratic members of the Ways Representatives, known asthe Committee on Equal Suffrage. In- and Means Committee, who constitute the ruling. body of the Dem- troduced by Edward T. Taylor, of Colorado. Referred to the Com- ocratic membership, met in Representative Oscar Underwood’s mittee on Rules. Congressional Record, page 47. J. 102 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 103

office in the Capitol and resolved to take decisive action. Mr. Un- Talbott Page Humphreys derwood counseled, it is understood, that it would be unwise to Ten Eyck Post Kitchin avoid the question longer, and that action should be final, as the Walker Rothermel Lesher Rules Committee for many months has been juggling with the White Russell Lonergan proposition.” Young Stanley O’Brian Representative John E. Baker, of California, offered a resolution Glass Talcott Palmer calling for the creation of a Suffrage Committee in the House. Gregg Tuttle Quinn Representative J. Thomas Heflin, of Alabama, then moved a sub- Hardwick Watkins Rouse stitute : Hensley Wilson (Fla.) Saunders “RESOLVED, That it is the sense of this caucus that the question of Hull Balk Stedman woman suffrage is a State and not a Federal question.” Kinde1 Goeke Taylor (Ala.) Mr. Baker spoke to the motion, Mr. Heflin moved the previous Lee (Pa.) Griffin Underwood question and closed debate, and tlie vote was taken on Mr. Heflin’s Loft Hay Watson substitute, the motion being carried by avote of 123 to 55, thus Murray (Okla.) Holland Wilson (N. Y.) dictating to all Democrats in the House that suffrage should not be considered Federally, and was as follows : THOSEAGAINST TRE SUBSTITUTE. Reilly(Conn.) THOSEWHO SUPWRTED HEFIN. Adair Keating Buchanan (111.) Lebcck Sherwood Abercrombie Bowdle Lazaro Decker Metz Stone Ainsberry Buchanan (Tex.) Lever Doolittle O’Shaunessy Taylor (N. Y.) Bartlett Galloway Morrison Francis Reed Williams Booher Clark (Fla.) Oldfield Hayden Seldomridge Carew Brown (W. Va.) cox Park Levy Stevens (N. Y.) Crosser Burnett Dies Rayburn McDermott Taylor (Colo.) Donohoe , Cantrill Dooling Rubey O’Hair Townsend Foster Collier Estopinal Shackleford Raker Brown (N. Y.) Goulden Dent Gard Stephens (Miss.) Scully Connelly (Kans.) Kinkaid Diff enderf er Allen Taylor (Ark.) Smith (N. Y.) Dershem McAndrews Driscoll Barnhart Vaughan Stringer FitzHenry Neely (W. Va.) Finley Bell Weaver Thompson Gilmore Rainey Adamson Brodbeck Witherspoon Baker Kettner Sabath Ashbrook Burgess Gittins Church Logue Smith (Md.) Bathrick Chandler Graham Deitrich Mitchell stout Borchers Clark (Mo.) Gudger Evans Peterson Thomas Bruckner Cullop Henry George Byrnes (S. C.) Dixon Howard Carr Doughtop Key Conroy Falson. Lee (Ga.) Dickinson Garrett (Tenn.) Lieb Donovan TIVES. Garrett (Tex.) Moss 1 hour National American Woman SuffrageAssociation. Edwards Gordon Padgett 20 minutes Federal Equality Association. Flood Hammond Patten 1 hour Congressional Union. Aiken Heflin Reilly (Wis.) 2 hours Anti-suffragists. Bailey Houston Rucker MEETINGOF COMMITTEE HOUSE REPRESENTA- Beakes ON JUDICIARYOB THE OF Johnson (S. C.) Susson TrvEs.-Motion made to report House Joint Resolution No. 1 out, 104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 105

without recommendation, with the Prohibition Amendment, made Feb. 9, 1914. by Chandler, of NewYork. DEBATED.-Page 3328. After heated discussion, wherein the Committee objected to being Feb. 20,1914. the body to kill all unpopular bills, motion carried to reportout Page 3991. the suffrage amendment HouseJoint Resolution 1. No. Feb. 12,1914. August 27, 1914. RESOLUTIONBY KEATINC TO PRINTHEARINGS, BEFORE THE RULES MEETINGOF HOUSERULES COMMITTEE.-campbell, of Kansas, moved COMMITTEE,ON THE RESOLUTION,House Resolution ,No. 411, TO thatthe House be given an opportunity to voteon the Bristow- CREATEA COMMITTEEON WOMANSuFFuGE.-Referred to Commit- Monde11 resolution. To head this off, Pou moved to adjourn. Pou, tee on Printing, page 3556. Garrett and Campbell voted in favor of adjournment; Campbell, Feb. 17,1914. Goldfogle and Kelly against it. Henry then cast the deciding vote MR. BARNHART,ON COMMITTEEON PRINTING,REPORTED RESOLUTION for adjournment. 411, WITH AMENDMENT.-Debated (by Barnhart, Mann, Madden and

Fitzgerald) , amended and agreed to. Page 3771. ’ “SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION NO. 1.” Feb. -, 1914. Apm’l 7, 1913. DERATED.-Page 3469. SENATEJOINT RESOLUTION No. 1 (Susan B. Anthony Amendment). Feb 18,1914. -Introduced by George E. Chamberlain, of Oregon. Referred to DEBATED.-PageS 384048. Committeeon Woman Suffrage, Congressional Record, page 19. Feb. 27,1914. COMMITTEEON WOMANSUFFRAGE.- (Hearings.) UNANIMOUSCONSENT OBJECTED To.-Pages 4302-05. Jan. 1914. -, Feb. 28,1914. &PORTED BACKTO SENATE.-(Senate. Report 64.) Congressional DEBATED.-Page 4393. Record, page 19. March 2, 1914. SENATERESOLUTION No. 124.-To print additional copies of hearings before Committee on Woman Suffrage on subject of suffrage DEBATED.-PageS 4435-39. parade. March 2, 1914. Dec. 19,1913. Made unfinishedbusiness. Pages 4440-46. DmATEn-Remarks relative to disposition of petitions on subject March 2, 1914. of woman suffrage. Congressional Record, page 1216. VoTE.-Page 4442. Dec. 26,1913. March 2, 1914. DEBATED.-Remarks relative to disposition of petitions on subject. VoTE.-Page 4444. of woman suffrage. Congressional Record, page 1665. Marck 2, 1914. 1 Jan. -, 1914. VoTE.-Page 4445. DEBATED.-Remarks relative to disposition of petitions on subject March 3, 1914. ofwoman suffrage. Congressional Record, page 1814. DEBATKD.-hgeS 4486-90. -. . ,. Jatt. -, 1914. March 4, 1914. DEBATED.-Remarks relative to disposition of petitions on subject DEBATED.-PageS 4530-34. of woman suffrage. Congressional Record, page 2076. March 3,1914. Jun. -, 1914. DEBATED.-Page 4575. UNANIMOUSCONSENT AGREEMENT ASKED FoR.-A vote on Senate March 3, 1914. _.. , Joint Resolution No. 1 objected to, pages s2076 and 2077. DEBATED.-Page 4562. ;,S 107 106 PROCEEDlNGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

March 3, 1914. March 21, 1914. DEBATED.-Pages 5648-58. DEBATED.-PageS 4578-82. PETITIONS,MEMORIALS AND D~~~ms.4693,9266, 10427, 10682, 11276, March 2, 1914. DEBATED.-PageS 4585-93. 12235, 12364, 12635, 12886, 12902, 17391. March 5. 1914. SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION DEßATED.-PageS NO. 128. 4615-20. (The Shafroth-PalmerAmendment.) March 6, 1914. March 20, 1914. DEBATED.-hge 4656 INTROPUCEn IN SENATE IIY JOHN F. SIIAFROTK, OF COLORADO.-Page March 6, 1914. 5519. Unanimousconsent objected to. Pages 4659-62. March 20, 1914. March 4, 1914. DEllATED.-hgCS 5519-22. DmAmD.-~ages 4704-08. March 9, 1914. March 20, 1914. S$BAT’ED.-Page 4792. VOTEON REFERENCETO COMMITTEEON JuDrcuw.-Referred to Com- mittee Woman Suffrage. Page 5520. March 9, 1914. on DEsATm.-Page 4795, April 30, 1914. March 10, 1914. REPORTED BACK.--P~~C8059. DEBAmD.-Page 4856, March 20, 1914. March 11, 1914. BRISTQWRIcsmmrIoN No. 130.-Referred to Committee OSI Woman DmnTrm-Page 4946. Sufirage. Page 5522. March 13, 1914. I Murch 20, 1914. DEnaTEn.-Page 5 132. DEIIATED.-P~~~5522. March 13, 1914, DEUhTED.-PilgC 5151. April 7, 1914. March 16, 1914. REPORTEDBAcK.-hgct 6777. DEsATED.-pages 5231-33 April 7, 1914. March 16, 1914. hnATED.-kige 6777. DmA!rED.-hge 5236. Abril 8, 1914. March 17, 1914. I)EDATED.--PSgCr 6854. DEBATED.--PagC!S 5278-83. March 19, 1914. DEBATIXL-PagCS 5454,-72. March 19, 1914. VOTESTAKEN AND RKJECTEIL-P~~CS47l. March 20, 1914. Dm.wcm.--Page 5509, March 20, 1914. Dmmm.-Pages 5559-66. March 20, 1914. Dsnnmu,--Pages 5566-68, March 21, 1914. Dmwm.--Page 5644. 108 PROCEEDINGS OF,THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 109

PETITIONS, MEMORIALS AND EDITORIALS ON WOMAN SUF- PAGE IN FRAGE DURING THE SECONDSESSION OF THE SIXTY- TITLE: BY WEOM PRESENTED: DATE : RECORD: THIRD CONGRESS. Petitions and Telegrams on Many Senators Mar, 16,'1'4 5236 Woman Suff rage. From Dec. 1, 1913, to Oct. 3, 1914. Letter by Mrs. Medill Mc- Mar. 17, '145278 (Report compiled Oct. 3rd' before adjournment of Congress.) Cormick. Telegram from Texas. Morris Sheppard Mar. 17, '14 5278 PAGEIN Article by Helen Gardener. John Sharp Williams' Mar. 19, '14 5457-60 TITLE: BY WHOM PRESENTED: DATE: RECom : Article by Annie Riley Apr. 14,'14 7196 Federal Woman's Equality Geo. E. Chamberlain Feb. 9, '143328 Assn. Hale. Essay by Bishop of Ken- A. W. Lafferty Apr. 10, '14 7095 Cal. Newspaper Clippings. Jos. R. Knowland Feb. 20, '14 3991 . sington. The States Rights Shibbo- Miles Poinclexter Mar. 17, '14 4281 J. W. Bryan May 9, '14 8693-96 leth, by Mary Beard. Declaration of Independ- ence, 1914. Testimony from California. John D. Works Mat. 2, '14 4435-39 Article by Miss Mary Smith J. Thomas Heflin May 13,'14 926668 Testimony from Colorado. John F. Shafroth Mar. 2, '14 4585-93 of Washington. Excerpts from Bryce's Nathan P. Bryan Mar. 2, '14 4575 10682-3 AmericanCommonwealth Speech in House in 1884. Relative to American Petitionson Woman Suff- Woman. rage from : Utah: Salt Lake City. Reed Smoot June 27, '14 12235 Petition of Mrs.Jas. Ben- 12235 Wm. O. Bradley Illinois : Chicago. J. Hamilton Lewis June 27, '14 nett. George T. Oliver June 27, '14 12235 Article by Susan Whitcomb Pennsylvania petitions. Mar. 19, '14 5463 New Mex. : Albuquerque Thomas B. Catron Hassell, 21 Telegrams and Jas. E. Martine Mar. 19,'14 5461 Articles. Women's Clubs. Georgia : Atlanta. Hoke Smith Letter by Wm. L. Marbury, Blair Lee Mar. 19,'14 5455-56 States Rights Applied to Michigan : Woman Suff rage. Cass County. Summary of Investigation St, Joseph County. John D. Works Mar. 11, '14 4946 '* Concerning Woman Suf- Ann Arbor County. Charles E. Townsend frage in England. Paper AllenCounty. Kalamazoo County. Relating to Woman Suf- John D. Works . June 2, '14 10427 frage in California. Flint County. Kansas : Topeka. Joseph L. Bristow Text of Report on Woman Moses E. Clapp June 5, '14 10682 Suffrage in House of Rhode Island : Woonsocket. Representatives, 1884. , June 27, '1412236 Westerly. Henry F. Lippitt Mrs. O. H. P. Belmont's Henry F. Ashurst Mar. 6, '14 4656 . Telegram.. Newport. Providence. Dr. Shaw's Letter re Bel- , Charles S.- Thomas Mar.4792 '14 montTelegram. Massachusetts : .Editorial on Ashurstand John F. Shafrotlz Mar. 12,' 14 5034 Rockland. Suffragists. North Abingdon. Letter by Mrs. Medill MC- Mar. 13,'14 5151 Groveland. John W. Weeks Cormick. .. Mansfield. Petitions and Telegrams on Many Senators Mar. 16, '145231-33 Marlborough. Woman SulErage. Worcester. West Newbury. 111 110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE PAGE IN PAGEIN RECORD : TITLE: BY WHOM PRESENTED: DATE: : WHOM PRESENTED: DATE: REcoaD : TITLE BY Michigan : Minnesota : South Haven. Owatonna. Knute Nelson June12236'14 27, Saginaw. Chisholm. Alpena. Wm. Alden Smith June27, 12236'14 Cottonwood. Montgomery. New Mexico : Portales. Albert B. Fall J une 27, '1223614 Harbor Sprzngs. Kalamazoo. North Carolina : Paw Paw. Charlotte. Lee S. Overman June 27,12236 '14 June 27,'14 12236 Oregon : Portland. Harry Lane Chapel Hill. Pennsylvania : West Virginia : Fairmont. Nathan Goff June 27, '14 12236 Oxford. Nebraska : West Chester. ,r; Chadron. Plymouth. Table Rock. Conshohocken. David City, Philadelphia. Delaware County. McCook Geo. W. Norris June 27, '14 12236 Altoona. Kenesaw. Shippenburg. Uplands, Harrisburg. Central City. Washington. Shelby. Somerset. Boise Penrose June 27,12236 '14 Custer County. Wyalusing, Washington : Seattle. Miles Poindexter June 27, '14 12236 Towanda. Morristown. New York: Lancaster. Monroe Coune. Williamsport. ChenangoCounty. Scranton. New York City. Erie. Syracuse. Mercer County. Richbury. Weclsboro. Sayville. Tunkhannock. Malone County. Reading.

Franklin County. I Bloomsburg. Huntington County. Carlisle. Elihu Root June '1412236 Mount Vernon. 27, Washington : Seattle. J. W.Bryan Juue 29, '14 12364 Freeport. Petitionsand newspaper Hempstead. clippings showing clubs, East Hempstead. etc.,.- represented, amount- Niagara Falls. hg to over 10,000 women. Cambridge. Colorado : Denver. John F. Shafroth July3, '14 12635 July 8, '14 12886 Port Washington. Wyoming : Laramie. Frank W. Monde11 Islip. Wvomina : Francis E. Warren July9, 12902'14 Rockaway. 112 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 113

PAGEIN PAGEIN : WHOM PRESENTED : : RECORD : TITLE BY DATE SPEECHAND STATE: CHAMBER: DATE: RECORD : Policy of the National Dudley Doolittle Sept.17391'14 29, Moses E. Clapp, Minnesota Senate Mar. 3, '144486 American Woman Suff- Moses E. Clapp, Minnesota Senate Mar. 3, '144578-82 rage Association. MosesE. Clapp, Minnesota Senate June 5, '1410682-83 Moses E. Clapp (Remarks), Min- Senate June 13,'14 11276 OBJECTIONS TO UNANIMOUS,CONSENT AGREEMENT IN nesota ' SENATETO CONSIDER SENATE JOINT RESOLUTION (Article 1884 to be printed.) NO. 1. (Susan B. Anthony Amendment.) John Sharp Williams, Missis- Senate Mar. 19,'14 5457-60 PAGEIN sippi OBJECTORAND STATE: DATE: RECORD : (Helen Gardener's Speech) Nathan B. Bryan, Florida 2076-77 '14Jan. 21, Jacob H. Gallinger, New Hamp- Senate Mar. 19,'14 5460 Hoke Smith, Georgia ' 1814 '14 Jan. 16, shire Henry Cabot Lodge, Massachusetts1665 '14 Jan. 14, Jacob H. Gallinger, New Hamp- Senate Mar, 19,'14 5467 James A. Reed, Missouri 4302-03 '14 Feb. 27, shire General objection 4460-62 '14 Mar. 6, Jacob H. Gallinger (Remarks), Senate Mar. 20,'14 5564 New Hampshire SPEECHESAND REMARKS FAVORING SUFFRAGE DURING Francis G. Newlands, Nevada Senate Mar. 19,'14 5468 SECOND SESSION OF THESIXTY-THIRD CONGRESS. (States rights) Asle J. Gronna (Remarks), Senate Feb. 27,'14 4304 PAGEIN North Dakota ' SPEECHAND STATE: CHAMBER: DATE: RECORD: Asle J. Gronna (Remarks), Senate Mar. 19,'14 5460 Henry F. Ashurst, Arizona Senate Jan. 21,'142079-87 NorthDakota Joseph R. Knowland, California House of Rep. Feb. 20,'14 3991 Robert L. Owen, Oklahoma Senate Feb. 18,' 14 3842-43 John D. Works, California . Senate Mar. '142,4435-39 Robert L. Mar, 2, '14 4590 John D. Works, California Owen (Remarks), .Ok- Senate Senate Mar. 5, '144615-17 lahoma John D. Works,California Senate Mar. 11, '144946-47 Robert L. Owen, Oklahoma Senate Mar. 4, '14 4704-08 John D. Works, California Senate June 2,'14 10427-28 Robert L. J Mar. 21, '14 5647 John F. Shafroth(Remarks), Senate Mar. 4, '144532 Owen (Remarks) Ok- Senate Colorado lahoma George E. Chamberlain, Oregon Senate Feb. 9, '14 3328 John F. Shafroth, Colorado Senate Mar. 2,' 14 4585-93 3843 Charles S. Thomas, Colorado Senate Mar. 17, '14 5281 George E. Chamberlain, Oregon Senate Feb. 18, '14 4532-33 Charles S. Thomas, Colorado Senate Mar. 19, '14 5463-64 George E. Chamberlain, Oregon Senate Mar. 4, '14 Nathan P. Bryan, Florida Senate Mar. 3,14 4562-76 Harry Lane, Oregon Senate Mar, 17, '14 5278-79 Wm. E. Borah (Remarks), ,Idaho Senate Mar. 2, '14 4588 A. W. Lefferty, Oregon House of Rep. Apr. 10, '14 7095-96 Lawrence Y. Sherman, Illinois Senate Mar. 4, '14 4533 George Sutherland, Utah Senate Feb. 18, '14 3841-42 4589 Charles M. Thompson, Illinois House of Rep. Mar. 20, '14 5509-10 Geo. Sutherland(Remarks) J Senate Mar. 2, '14 Lawrence Y. Sherman, Illinois Senate Mar. 21, '14 5644-58 Utah Albert B. Cummins, Iowa Senate Mar. 5, '14 4618 Geo. Sutherland (Remarks), Senate Mar..20' '14 5566 Joseph L. Bristow, Kansas Senate Feb. 18,' 14 3841-42 Utah William H. Thompson, Kansas Senate Mar. 4, '14 4530-32 Geo. Sutherland (Remarks), Senate Mar. 21, '14 5646 Joseph L. Bristow, Kansas Senate Mar. 19, '14 5464 Utah John R. Thornton, Louisiana Senate Mar. 19, '14 5464 Geo. Sutherland (Remarks), Senate Mar. 17, 'l4 5652 Charles E. Townsend, Michigan Senate Mar. 19, '14 5464-65 Utah Wm. Alden Smith, Michigan Senate Mar. 21, '14 5647 Miles Poindexter, Washington Senate Mar. 17, '14 5281-83 and 5654 Miles Poindexter, Washington Senate Mar. 19, '14 546566 114 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 115

PAGEIN DATE: RECORD : SPEECHAND STATE: CHAM= : DATE: RECORD : SPEECH,OBJECTION AND STATE: CHAMBER: RECORD : Miles Poindexter (Remarks), Senate Mar.5565-66 20, '14 Jas. A. Reed (Remarks), Missouri Senate Mar. 21,'14 5648 -Washington Jas. A. Reed (Remarks), Missouri Senate Feb. 27,'14 4303 J. W. Bryan, Washington Senate May 9, '14 8693-96 KeyPittman, States Rights, Ne- Senate Mar. 19, '145466 Wesley L. Jones, Washington Senate Mar. 19, '14 5463 vada Francis E. Warren(Remarks), Senate Mar. 2, '14 4587 Jas. E. Martine (Remarks) , New Senate Mar.'14 2, 458F90 Wyoming Jersey Clarence D. Clark, Wyoming Senate Mar. 2, '14. 4592 Jas. E. Martine, "Pedestal," New Senate Mar. 19, '14 5460-61 Frank W. Mondell, Wyoming House of Rep. Aug. 13, '14 14936-42 Jersey (History of Session) Jas. A. O'Gorman (Remarks),Senate Mar. 21,'14 5646 New York Porter J. McCumber, North Da- Senate Mar.'14 4486-883, SPEECHES AND REMARKS OPPOSED TO WOMAN SUFFRAGE kota DURING THE SECONDSESSION OF THE SIXTY-THIRD Atlee Pomerene, States Rights, Senate Mar. '145,4617 CONGRESS. Ohio PAGEIN Geo. T. Oliver (Remarks), Penna. Senate Mar. 3, '144487 SPEECH,OBJECTION AND STATE: CHAMBER: DATE: RECORD; Finis J. Garrett,States Rights, House of Rep. Feb. 20,'14 3993-94 J. Thomas Heflin, Alabama House of Rep. May 13,'14 9266-68 Tennessee Frank B. Brandegee,Conn. Con- Senate Mar. 19,'14 5466-7 stitution, Connecticut PARLIAMENTARY BLOCKING ANDDEFENDING Nathan P. Bryan, FloridaSenate Mar. 3, '14 4486 SUFFRAGE INSENATE. Wm. E. Borah (Remarks), Con- Senate Mar. 3, '14 4487 . servation Negroand States BLOCKING,DATE AND PACE. STATE,DATE, PAGE, DEFENDING. Rights, Idaho Arizona, Jan. 21 ; 2076; Henry F. Wm. E. Borah (Remarks),Idaho Senate Mar. 2, '14 4593 Ashurst Wm.E. Borah (Remarks),Idaho Senate Mar. 17, '14 Colorado, Jan. 21 ; 2077; Charles S. Wm. E. Borah, SenateIdaho Mar. 19,'14 5465 Thomas Wm. E. Borah, SenateIdaho Mar. 20,'14 5559-66 Connecticut, Mar. 2. John W. Kern (Interrupting Senate Mar. 2, '14 4589 Connecticut, Mar. 2 ; 4444; Frank B. Shafroth) , Indiana Brandegee Wm. O. Bradley (Remarks), Senate Mar. 19,'145455 Nathan P. Bryan, Jan. 107621, Florida States Rights, Kentucky Nathan P. Bryan, Mor. 2; 4443 Florida Ollie M. James, Kentucky Senate Mar. 19, '14 5462 Nathan P. Bryan,Apr. 8; 6854. Jan. Florida Blair Lee, Maryland Senate Mar. 19, '14 5455-57 21; 2076 John Sharp Williams, Mississippi Senate Mar. 3, '14 4488-90 Georgia Jas; K. Vardaman.(Remarks), Senate Mar. 5, '14 4618-20 Bcnj. F. Shiveley, Feb. 28; 4393 Indiana Amendment,Mississippi Kansas, Jan. 21; 2076; Jos. L. Bris- Jas. K. Vardaman, Negro Ques., Senate Mar. 17,'14 5279 tow Mississippi Ollie M. James, Mar. 2; 4445 Kentucky James K Vardaman, Mississippi Senate Mar. 19, '14 5464-5 Henry Cabot Lodge (Sarcasm), Jan. Massachusetts John Sharp Williams, Amend- Senate Mar. 19, '14 5468-70 21 2078-79 ment, Mississippi - Henry Cabot Lodge, Mar. 2; 4445 Massachusetts Jas. K. Vardaman (Remarks), Senate Mar. 20,'14 556465 J. Sharp Williams, Jan. 21 ; 2076-78 Mississippi . . Negro Ques., Mississippi -66-68 Mississippi, Jan. 21 ; 2078; John. - - Jas. A.Reed (Remarks), Missouri Senate Mar. 4, '14 4533 Sharp Williams 116 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTYiSIXTH CONVENTION 117

BLOCKING,DATE AND PAGE. STATE,DATE, PAGE, DEFENDING. REPORT OF THE SPECIAL CAMPAIGN COMMITTEE James A. Reed, Mar. 2; 4441 . Missouri James A. Reed,Mar. 2; 4445 Missouri Early in the summer Mrs. Desha Breckinridge advanced Henry L. Myers,Mar. 2; 4442 Montana the valuable idea of a special campaign committee to be ap- Henry L. Myers, Mar. 19 ; 5454 Montana pointed by the National Board for the purpose of giving aid New Hampshire, Jan. 21 ; 2077-78; in the Campaign States by establishinga speakers’ bureau Jacob H. Gallinger for their benefit and to devise means for raising necessary New Hampshire, Feb. 27; 4444 ; Ja- funds to be used in this (campaign) connection. cob H. Gallinger Porter J. McCumber, Jan. 21; 2078 North Dakota . Mrs. Breckinridge made this motion at a National Board Porter J. McCumber, Feb. 27; 4304 North Dakota meeting and it was unanimously carried. She had consulted Porter J’. McCumber,Mar. 2; 4440- North Dakota Miss’Addams and myself on a trip from Chicago to New York 41 and I hadmost enthusiastically indorsed her idea. My in- Porter J. McCumber, Mar. 2; 4444 North Dakota dorsement, I think, would have been less enthusiastic could North Dakota, Mar. 2 ; 4442 ; Asle J. Gronna I have foreseen that I would have been selected as chairman Oregon, Jan. 21, 2078; Geo. E. Cham- of this committee.A special finance committee was also berlain, at critical moment. appointed at this time to handle the funds. Mrs. Stanley Mc- Tennessee, Mar. 2 ; 4444; Luke Lea Cormick wasappointed chairman, MissAddams treasurer Utah, Jan. 21 ; 2076 ; Reed Smoot and I secretary. Virginia, Jan. 21 ; 2078; Thomas S. Martin It was necessary in the interests of efficiency to appoint Claude A. Swanson, Mar. 2; 4441 Virginia some one totake charge of the speakers’ bureau and the Washington, Jan.21 ; 2077; Wesley publicity department of the Congressional Committee which L. Jones had been closed for the summer months. It was at this time that we were fortunate enough to secure the services of Mr. INTERRUPTIONS: : DATE PAGE: STATE. Charles T. Hallinan, who became head of the publicity depart- E dward Keating Feb. 20 Feb. KeatingEdward 3991 Colorado ment for the joint campaign and congressional committees. Emmett Wilson Feb. 20 3991 ’ Florida N. B.-Active defenders andwatchers throughout : Smoot, Shafroth, Miss Ethel Smith of Washington, D. C., spent her vacation es- Thomas, Ashurst. tablishing a speakers’ bureau in the Chicago headquarters as a member of the special campaign committee, and since her return to Washington the bureauhas beenconducted by Mrs. Josephine Conger-Kanecko and through it as many Na- tional speakers have been routed through thecampaign states as our finances would permit and special speakers have been provided for special occasions, and for temporary work when- ever it has been possible for us to respond to numerous de- mands. Our activities have only been limited by our financial ability. As soon as we assumed our duties we were faced with the discouraging fact that to do really active Campaign service we would need a fund of not less than $50,000.00. 118 . PROCEEDINGS ÒF THB FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 119

All told we had less than $13,000 to do the work of this this was put into effect hastily and during the intense heat of committee. We collected and distributed ih cash an amount a Washington summer, it was an enormous success, and now less than would be used on the campaign of an aldernlan in an at the close of the campaign contributions are stillcoming off year. in and we consider that the top soil of melting pot possibilities The plan of self-sacrifice day had been suggested to Mrs. has not been scratched.This somewhat detailed report is Breckinridge by a Wisconsin suffragist and this suggestion made in the hope that it may be of assistance to some suffrage was adopted by the National Board and a general appeal went ilnit, andin order thatthe name ‘‘Suffrage Melting Pot” out to the wornelf of America to sacrifice something in aid may not be encroached upon we are making an application of suffrage and to contribute the amount to the general fund for a copyright of the same. for use in the campaign States. Details concerning the fund ’ The amount raised and distributed as the result of this raised on sacrifice day are reported to this convention in the committee’s activities, the number of speakers and organizers financial report of the special finance committee. Mrs. An- sent into the campaigll states and the publicity resulting from toinette Funk, while walking through the capitol building one the same will be contained in detail in the report of the chair- day, observed a bride with much gold jewelry in evidence and man of the campaign finance committee and of the presidents expressed the wish that a little of the gold used for personal of the various campaign states, and in the report of the work adornment might find its way into a treasure chest for the of the publicity department of the joint committees. I hereby Campaign States and so the idea of the meltingpot was append the report of Mrs. Funk, one of the members of this formed. The campaign was well advanced by this time, but committee, who spent ten weeks speaking through the cam- we recognized in the meltingpot an idea that can be con- paign states as follows: tinually useful in financing local, state and National suffrage “From the time I left Washington August 25th until I re- work. We recognized, too, thatwe could not exhaust its turned to Chicago October 27th, 1 have covered approxi- possibilities in a limited time and that it would be well for us ,matelyeight thousand miles. Afterspeaking three days in in one locality at least to put into practical operation some Indiana where the suffragists were straining every nerve to workable plan forbringing money to a melting pot-some secure a constitutional convention I spent two days in Chicago idea that might be helpful to all suffrage organizations. and then started into the western states. My first three days The plan indorsed by us was put into operation in Wash- were spent in Omaha and although my original itinerary con- ington by the Woman Suffrage Council and was as follows : templated my coming to Nebraska for the last ten days of A carefully selected list of names was taken from among the campaign this was afterwards changed and I went back the various suffrage organizations,colleges, churches, etc. to Montana a second time, so my observationsregarding These women received a letter asking for a contribution to Nebraska refer to Omaha alone. Here existed an almost un- the melting pot and further urgingthem to accept a sub- believable condition of opposition. The brewers had come committeeship, makingthemselves responsible for soliciting openly into the field against us. The brewing interests are from at least six people a contribution and for keepillg track connected with inany of the big financial ventures in that city. of this group until their possibilities had been exlzausted. The Bankers, merchants,tailors and other business men whose names of these persons were carefully scanned by the gen- wives were in suffrage were brazenly warned that the brewing eral committee and two or three out of each group of six were deposits would be withdrawn from banks, thatpatronage asked to go at the head of a further sub-committee and so would be talcen away from merchants and trades people, even someth’íngdot unlike an endless chain was created. Although doctorswere threatened with the loss of their clientele if 120 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 121 their wives continuedactively in the campaign. The result during the last year appeared in the leading Dakota papers wasa paralysis of actionamong many women who would and anti-suffrage ladies at $100.00 a week and expenses ap- naturally have been leaders and supporters of the work. Mrs. ’ peared on the platform of the principal towns and cities. Dur- Draper-Smith was doing all that was humanly possible under ing my campaign in the Dakotas I spoke wherever possible the circumstances to stem the tide of opposition, but money out-of-doors, even though meetings were arranged for me in for publicity and organizing and many speakers seemed to be halls, court houses and churches. I found that the small au- a necessity. Upon myreport to Mrs. McCormick of the diences that would assemble in these places were made up of Omaha condition all extra aid possible was given to Omaha. women and men already interested and that the uninstructed The situation there fully demonstrates the need suggested in voter would only listen when you caught him on the street. the report of the congressional chairman for highly organized I spent the week of the state fair at Huron with Mrs. Pyle and efficient co-operative work among all the states to meet and witnessed a wonderful demonstration of activity. As high these menacing conditions. as 50,000 people a day were in attendance. The grounds were “My trip through South Dakota was interesting in the covered with yellow banners.Every prize-winning animal, extreme. This state and North Dakota are agricultural states. every racing sulky, automobile and motor cycle carried otlr The cities are small and far apart. The villages are scattered pennants. Twenty thousand yellow badges were given away overvast areas. By farthe larger per cent of population in one day. The squaws from the reservation did their native dwells in thecountry on farms andranches. Thetwo Da- dances wavingsuffrage banners. And the snake charmer kotas are almost pioneer states even now. At the same time on the midway carried a Votes For Women pennant while an they present the highest degree of educational advantages and enormous serpent coiled around her body. I spoke during the of general literacy perhaps in the whole United States. Their fair four and five times a day and held street meetings down laws are generally good and for that reason there appears tq town in the evening. When not thus engaged I assisted Mrs. . be a good deal of apathy on the part of both men and women Pyle and her committee in distributing thousands of pieces regarding suffrage.. The states are prosperous and the people of literature and was amazed at the eagerness of the people have not felt to any extent the pinch of wrong political con- to receive the same, Mrs. Pyle and myself investigated the ditions. The great problem in both these states was to reach fair grounds to see how much was thrown away and found the people and make them think. When they think at all upon almost none. In bothNorth and SouthDakota there ap- the subject theyare apt to think right. At the time of peared to be a general lack of interest in the political situa- writing this report there are no results from this state, but tionand I wasnot able upon the investigation I made to 1 am convinced that whatever the vote against the suffrage find that the politicians who professed themselves ardent sui- amendmentmay have been it was the vote of indifference . fragists were going out of their way to advance the cause. and lack of special information not to any extent real opposi- They appeared to be in a waiting and receptive attitude. :ion to suffrage. “Thework through North Dakota was almost pioneer “I believe from what I could learn that in South Dakota work. Mrs. Darrow had asked me togo into the untilled le liquor interestswere making their last fight forstate suffrage field. In many places they had never heard a suffrage mtrol and about the time I arrived there Mrs. Pyle had as- address,nor had asuffrage meeting ever been held. I zig- rtained that a large amount of money was being used to zagged across the state from the southeast to the northwest tbsidize the state press, and simultaneously the literary ef- corners and in Minot was arrested for making a street speech. Irts’ of the anti-suffragists which have appeared in the press There was no law that I could discover against my speaking 122 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 123

in the street and I was convinced and am still that it was the certainty that Miss Martin had two or three thousand ma- result of the petty tyranny of town officials unfavorable to jority votes tucked away in her inside pocket. On this trip women. A fine of $5.00 imposedupon me by the justice of I learned of hundreds of thousands of pieces of literature sent the peace wasremitted by him. He was unablelegally to outby our enterprising friend, the Honorable Tom Heflin remit the costs of 3$2.00 and when I refused to’ pay the same of Alabama. I know now why ít was that all last winter he andtook an appeal to the supreme court the city board of jumped up in Congress every few minutes änd read into the commissioners took action and I have just been advised that congressional record something about the horror of women the costs assessed me have been remitted. voting. He had a long business head, that Mr. Heflin, and he “I spent twenty days in Montana and traveled something was thriftily saving postage on the anti-suffrage work in the like twothousand miles. I think I foundmore general in- interest of the “society opposed,” of the liquor interests, of terest in Montana than in any other state. With one hundred organized crime and of all those forces that have taken arms eighteenthousand votersscattered over the third largest against us. For YOLI mustknow that Mr. Heflin used his state in the union, with many contending elements, with an congressional frank and filled thousands of mail sacks to this acutelabor situation, with the political control of the state end while you and I and all other mere citizen tax payers vested very largely in a great corporation there was plenty to footed the postage bill.” occupy theattention of asuffragist worker. Miss Rankin’s RUTH MCCORMICK, organization work had been carried to a high degree of effi- Chairman. ciency by themost strenuous endeavor on herpart. The Amalgamated Copper Company working to defeat the work- men’s compensation acthad joined handswith the liquor REPORT OF THE MEMBERsNIP COMMITTEE interests,working to defeatsuffrage, and hadput on the petticoat and bonnet of the organized lemale anti-suffragist. November 12, 1914. I spoke to thousands of people all over the state and while on The MembershipCommittee reports thatthe following the surface all appeared well,. there was an undertow of fierce organizationshave applied for admission to the National opposition that could be felt but that cannotbe estimated until American Woman Suffrage Association asAffiliated Members, the votes are counted. that they have complied with the requirements for member- “Nevada was likea story in a book-a big, little state. ship, and have been ddy elected Affiliated Members by unani- With eighty thousand inhabitants and eighteen thousand vot- mous vote of the Membership Committee: ers, and so thoroughly was it organized by Miss Martin that I The South CarolinaEqual Suffrage League believed she could addressevery voter by his first name. I The Louisiana Equal Suff rage League elt like a fifth wheel. All the work appeared to be finished The,, Equal Suffrage League of Baltimore nd hung aside to season by the time I arrived and I was in The Washington Woman Suff rage Council te unenviable position of beingsandwiched between Dr. TheI( Georgia Woman Suff rage League. .haw who had just preceded me and Miss Addams who im- .ediately followed me. I went over the desert however and Respectfully submitted, .to mines and spoke in butchers’ homes and at meetings that LILLIANF. FEICKERT, ound up with a supper and a dance and came away with the Chairman, 124 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 125

independent-minded delegate for publicly placing in nomina- REPORT ELECTIONS COMMITTEE OF THE tion her selection for official positions. Tb secure the signa- TheElections Committee submits as itsreport to the tures of ten members aspetitioners for anycandidate will Convention the following plan for carrying on the elections take lesstime than caucuses. The nominating petitions can of 1914: be publicly posted as soon as presented to the'Elections Com- The name of a candidate for nomination at the Primary mittee, and the prescribed twelve hours intervening will en- must be presented to the Elections committee by a nominat- able the Elections Committee to print ballots withall the ing petition signed by at least ten members of the conven- names that have been duly presented.The printed ballot tion, at least twelve hours before the Primary opens. however will in no way curtail the rightof the voters to write The Primary shall be held on the second day before the other names on the ballot. last day of the convention from 8 to 10 A. M., and the result The early hour for balloting43o'clock-will permit most shall be announced not later than 5 P. M. of the same day. of the vote to be cast before the convention opens. The Election shall be held on the next to the last day of To facilitate matters six ballot boxes shall be used and the convention from 8 to 10 A. M. The ticket shall contain the delegations shall be allotted to the various polling places, the names of the two candidates for each office who receive according to their numerical strength so that about the same the greatest number of votes at the Primary. number shall be voting in each booth. When the boxes are The Primaryand Electionshall be conducted by 'the opened the ballots shall be mingled together before any count Elections Committee assisted by fifteen persons chosen by the is made. convention on the first day of the convention in time to have One of the Credentials Committee should be in attendance them trained in Election' methods. at each ballot box at thetime of casting the vote, to determine Each member of the convention may personally cast one whether or not the person desiring to vote is eligible. vote. In case of a tie vote for the candidates for any office When the person desiring to vote has been identified as at the Election, a second Election shall be held to fill such eligible by the member of the Credentials Committee, she office. shall be given a ballot with the Elections Committee mem- This scheme for holding the election has two objects. ber's initials thereupon, and after marking it and depositing 1st. It should avoid criticism. as to its legality. So it is it in the ballot box her name shall be marked on the Creden- in harmony with the paragraph in the 1912 By-Laws relating tials Committee list as having voted. to elections which perhaps should still control our 1914 eh- There should be no electioneering in the room in which

~~ ------tion as no other By-Lawtook its place in the revision of the ballot boxes are. 1913. But to avoid any possible question the 1912 By-Law To assist the Elections Committee in counting the vote, should be re-enacted before the Primary in accordance with two other members of the convention should be selected. . _- notice duly given of amendment of By-Laws. Two watchers representing different parties may be pres- ent, but they should not handle the ballots,-only watch and 2nd. Theelection, Primaryand caucusespreceding speak if mistakes are made. should interfere less than formerly with the important con- GRATIAERICKSON, * vention work and yet every facility should be afforded each Chairman. 126 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 127

REPORT OF PRESIDENTIAL SUFFRAGE CoMMITTEE REPORT OF CHURCH WORK COMMITTEE The logic of events during the past year gives emphatic The work carried on by the Church Work Committee in emphasis to the value of presidential suffrage. It is of itself various states, has been so varied and so interesting that it the most significant andfar-reaching of any act of voting will be impossible to give any impression of the scope of the because of its political potentiality in bringing the voice of work, in a ten minute report, so we will only give a brief sum- womanhood into the electoral college, and into the arena of mary of the most important things that havebeen done by the Federal legislation. Moreover the consideration that it calls Committee.The Ministerial Association of Atlanta, Ga.- forth from politicians on account of the fact that over three through the influence of Mrs. McLendon, President of the ' hundred thousand offices of emolument and honor are filled W. S. A.-received your Chairman at their monthly meeting by the presidential administration renders it the most direct in January and for the firsttime permitted the subject of means towards the great end of full enfranchisement ; for in Woman Suffrage to be brought before their Association for any state the party most advantaged by its exercise by the disctlssion. At the expiration of anhour when your Chair- women will support their efforts for the full rights of citizen- man left the meeting, a number of clergymen followed her ship. Thefavorable decision the past year by the Supreme into the Hall to express their personal interest in the sub- Court of Illinois Ieaves no room for any further contention ject. One clergyman asked to be permitted to call upon her' regarding its constitutionality. It can be granted by any state atthe hotel that evening totalk further on the subject, legislature by a bare majority vote, and this can be obtained which he did, remaining until midnight, so interested did he by many states that could not secure the large vote necessary seem in the subject.Two ministers called on the following to submit a constitutional amendment for full suffrage. Fven day to enquire how theymight co-operate in arousing interest where that can be obtained, the experiences of suffrage cam- among chrnrch women, and the wife of a prominent Methodist paigns have proved too often that they were premature, and minister went to the general Methodist Conference and pre- the great outlay of time and strength that they haveinvolved laented a petitionurging that theConference grant Laity rights have resulted in defeats whereby further progress of the cause to women in the chtlrch. has been impeded, . Your Chairman addressed the Ministerial Association in In view of the comparative ease by which it nlny be se- Tampa, Florida, and with Mrs. Boyden Douglas of New Or- cured and the significance of its possession as a political factor leans, went before the Ministerial Association of that city, in obtaining full suffrage, the following recommelzdations ari: where amost interesting discussion followed during which submitted : a resolution was offered and carried, that the New Orleans That any statecontemplating a campaign for full sufirage M. E. Ministerial Association recommend to the general con- shall first secure presidential suffrage. That those states that ference the giving of Laity rights to women. While this was have secured favorable action for a constitutional alnendment not in the direct line of woman suffrage, it was considered for full suffrage by one legislature, shall seek to obtain presi- by conservative New Orleans women as a step in advance dential suffragebefore attemptingfurther action for full and indication that. the clergywere awakening to their suffrage. an duty to stand by their women. By such a program it is quite probable we might double From New Orleans, at theurgent request of Dr. Nina 4e vote of women in the presidential election of 1916. Wilson Dewey, State Chairman of church work for the State ELIZABETH UPHAM 'YATES, of Iowa, your Chairman went to Des Moines to attend the Chairman. Mississippi Valley Suffrage Conference and to helpfill en- FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 129 128 PROCEEDINGS OF THE Your Chairman. had 4,000 letters printed and distributed gagements made by Dr. Dewey for a number of church meet- to clergymen throughout the states asking them to preach ings on March 29th. The clergymen in all the leading Prot- on 011 the need of the mothers, influence in the estant churches had consented to permit the suffrage speak- Mothers’ Day state, and various State Chairmen report that more and more ers to OCCUPY their pulpits at one of the regular Sunday ser- vices, morning, afternoon or evening. Eighteendifferent clergymen are corning to observe Mothers’ Day as a fitting church meetings were held on that day in addition to the large time to declare their belief in the principles of equal suffrage, mass meeting arranged by the Conference Committee in the not only for the state but for the advancement of church work. letter sent out this year was brief but direct $in itsappeal. Berchel Theatre in the afternoon. The The speakers at the church meetings were-Jane Addams, It was as follows : Rev. Dr. , Rev. K. W. Powell of Custer, S. Dear Sir: In view -of thefact that in the moral ani socialreform work of the churchesthe mothers and church women are striving to Dakota-who is called because of her eloquence, “The Anna correct serious evils, such as theLiquor Traffic, White Slavery, Child Shaw of theWest,” Mrs. Ella S. Stuart of Chicago, Mrs. Labor, etc,, evils that exist in our cities as amenace to the morals of Upton of Ohio, Mrs. Ida B. Smith of Cedar Rapids, Miss Dun- their children outside the home, and in view of the fact that church lap of DesMoines, Miss Ellis, Mrs. Maud Wood Park of women are learningthat much of their effort is ineffective, and of no Boston, Miss Kate Gordon of New Orleans and Dr. Dewey. value, because theyare denied theweapon of ChristianWarfare, the BaZEot, which gives to Christian Citizens the only possible power to register So many churches asked for speakers that Mrs. Craigie and theirpeaceable assertion of convictionand will in shaping thegovern- some of the others addressed three different church meetings mental affairs of the City, State or Nation, we ask if you will not-in during the day. Splendid notices of the meetings had been justic? to the mothers of your church-choose for your topic on Mothers’ given in advance, one paper giving an entire front page, with Day some subject bearing on “The need of the mothers’ influence in the State”? pictures of the women who were to speak, sketches of their MARYE. CRAIGIE, work and the churcheswhere theywere to speak;conse- Chairman. quently the audiences were large, and a committee appointed ExpenseAccount to attend each meeting, to make an actualcount of Church Work Committee the number inattendance, found by actualcount that the 1914 speakers reached in their combined audiences 6,000 persons. Traveling Expenses, New Orleans to Des Moines...... $50.00 That it was possible to find in a city so‘ manyclergymen Des Moines to Washington...... 50.00 willing to resign their pulpits on Sunday to suffrage speak- Printing 4,000 circularletters for Mothers’ Day ...... 8.00 Postage ...... 10.00 ers was due to preliminarywork that had been done by Express ...... 2.50 Dr. Dewey and Mrs. Craigie, who had been before the Min- $120.50 isterial Association urging the clergymen to support woman Donated by M. E. Craigie to Church Work...... $120.50 suffrage and started them to think on the subject. What was accomplished in Des Moines could be done in any other city, REPORT OF THE RESOLUTIONS COMMITTEE if the women will go about it in the right way. Mrs. Capwell in Buffalo has succeeded during the past WHEREAS,There is no question of greater importance to Yeal. in having suffragemeetings in many of the Buffalo, the people of the United States than the political freedom of churches, before Men’s Clubs, Women’s Missionary or Worn- its women; therefore, be it en’s Aid Societies, Christian Endeavor and even at the weekly RESOLVED,That the National American Woman Suffrage prayer meetings. Association urge upon the United States Senate and House, 130 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 131

of Representatives to take up at once the amendments now obligation of peace and good will toward all men, and further pending in Congress for the enfranchisement of women. demands the inclusion of women in the government of nations, of which they are a part, whose citizens they bear and rear, RESOLVED, Thatthe National American Woman Suffrage Association urge upon Congress the immediate enactment of and whose peace their political liberty would help to secure such legislation as shallprotect the rights of its women and maintain. citizens who marry unnaturalized foreigners. RESOLVED:-That we commend the efforts of President RESOLVED,That we petition Congress to protect women Wilson to secure peace. Sympathizing .deeply with the plea against state denial of therights of citizens of the United of the women of fifteen nations, we ask the President of the Stateswho vote for members of Congress,Presidential United States and the representatives of all the other neutral electors and United States Senators in the state wherein they nations to use their best endeavors to bring about a lasting reside, by making Federal laws in pursuance of that clause of peace, founded upon democracy and world wide disarmament. the 14th Amendment of our National Constitution, which says WHEREAS,the 46th Annual Convention of theNational that “NO state shallmake or enforce anylaw whichshall American Woman Suffrage Association has been one of the abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United greatest and most delightful meetings in the history of the States.” organization ; therefore, be it WHEREAS,the principle of equal pay for equal work,re- RESOLVED,That we extend to the suffragists of Tennessee gardless of sex is in accord with that greater democracy for a cordial appreciation of the invitation which brought us to which we are working; therefore be it this historic state; that we extend our thanks to the people RESOLVED,That the members of the National American of Nashville, especially to the local committee for their broad Woman SuffrageAssociation urgeall women to encourage and generous hospitality, their untiring energy and unfailing such industries and institutions as adhere to this principle. interest in all that has pertained to our comfort and pleasure, WHEREAS: The present war in the countries of Europe and to the ladies ‘of the Hermitage Association, whose hos- hasalready turned their fertile fields into desolation,their pitality at the home of AndrewJackson gave us so much cities into ruins, their arts and industries into ashes, and has pleasure ; to ourhostess of Sunday evening whoso delightfully left their people homeless and bereft, entertainedthis convention at her home; to the Centennial Club, who have kept open house for 11s during the entire week, ANDWHEREAS : The slow gains of hulnan brotherhood and to his Excellency, the Governor of Tennessee, to the Gover- civilization are being lost because of the hatred that now sup- nor-elect of the State, to United States Senator Luke Lea, to plants love between the people of these countries, His Honor, the Mayor of Nashville, and other distinguished ANDWHEREAS : It is our conviction that had the women of men for their splendid addresses; and moreover these countries, with their deep instinct of motherhood and That we express our sincere thanks to the untiring pages desire for the conservation of life, possessed a voice in the and ushers ; to the management of the Hotel Hermitage; to councils of theirgovernments, this deplorable war would those who have so generously placed their motor cars at OW never have been allowed to occur; therefore, be it disposal; to the merchants of Nashville fortheir elaborate RESOLVED,That the National American Woman Suffrage and beautiful decorations ; to the railroad representatives for Association, in Convention assembled, does hereby affirm the their courteous attention; to the representativemen of Nash- PROCEEDINGS’OF THE 132 FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 133 ville for their hearty interest and fine spirit; to those who NationalHeadquarters, from Massachusetts, Vermont, Maine,Con- have sent the exquisite flowers from day to day; and last, but necticut, New York, North Carolina, Michigan, Kansas, New Jersey, and far from least, to those of the press and its representatives, from England, while $1,826.40 was raised at home. who so faithfully and accuratelyhave published our pro- Throughour press work, most of the county newspapers were ceedings. reached, 274 papers received 33,000 columns plate in less thanthree FRANCESE. BURNS,Chairman. months, weeklynews bulletins were sent to 200 papers not using plate; material was furnished each week to 38 suffrage columns; signed articles REPORTS OF AFFILIATED MEMBERS to 42 papers each week, 30 cuts and 12 cartoons with special .write ups were routed-at a total cost of $1,691.96. In addition to this, the Woman’s CAMPAIGN STATES Journal was sent. to many editors, to all the State Legislators and to all the county chairmen. Five hundred dollars worth of literature was dis- MISSOURI EQUAL SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION tributed in 90 counties, the county and state fairs , covered, speakers The Missouri Campaign for Woman Suffrage was a short but furnished to Chautauquas, political meetings,county round-ups, suf- dramatic one ! frage rallys, moving picture shows and wherever a ready-made audience In the 1914 Legislature, a bill was introduced by a few suffragists, could be found. was referred to Committee, reported outfavorably, and put on the The greatest enthusiasm was aroused where Dr. Shaw, Jane Addams, Calendar with lightning rapidity, andthe petitioners were sent home, and Mrs. Breckinridge spoke, while Rosalie Jones and Helen Todd made feeling thatthe victory was won. And then the unexpected happened! lasting friendsfor the cause duringtheir short visits. The president With equal dispatch the billwas taken the Calendar, referred back off traveled 1,500 miles in six months, speaking from one to as many as ten to the Committee and pigeon-holed, toolate in the session for another bill to be introduced. In the first flush of indignation, the women said times in a day and to audiences varying from 50 to 5,000. Missouri had “The question shall not be shelved. The Suffragists of Missouri will one organizer for three months, another for one, and the vote in places bring it before the voters through that new democratic device whereby visited, showed conclusively that winning a campaign is largely a question the people can make their wishes heard-the initiative petition.“ And so of gettinga hearing in the country districts and an honest vote in the the petitions were printed, with little comprehension of how difficult cities. In Kansas City, where the women were at the polls with cameras, it wouldbe to find people to circulate them. With an empty treasury, the adverse majorib was ,less than 1,000, and another time that will be not a single county in the state organized, and only the two great cities overcome. ready for work, the task presented unusual difficulties. Before the election, defeat wasconceded for all fifteen of the To appreciate the whole campaign, one must realize that Missouri amendments, without reference to merit, and the politicians claimed a is larger than any state east of or bordering on the Mississippi river and 300,000 majority against woman suffrage. The good amendments were larger than all the New England states together, counting Rhode Island snowed under because they were in the bad company forced them by twice ; that she has 114 counties, in many of which are no railroads and on special interests for that particular purpose, and the order “scratch all with roads almost impassable ; that hertwo great cities are onher amendments” which was sent out all over the state caused the loss of border and that she has no newspapers which cover the whole state; that her population includes many who are racially opposed to Woman many a vote, which No. 13would have won, had it beendivorced from Suffrage and thather strongest labor unions are forced, through their all other measures. As it was, the Suffrage amendment receivedmore occupation, to fight the gaining of political power by women. votes than were cast on any other, showing the widespread interest in With these handicaps to overcome, on June 27 fifty women from the the cause and when the question is resubmitted in 1916, it will surely Districts represented, filed with the Secretary of State 38,000 signatures carry. secured from every countybut four in twelve of the sixteen Congres- Meanwhile, thorough organization and an adequate campaign fund sional Districts-And so the fight was on! is the motto, and education the watchword, of the Missouri Suffragists, In July, our .warchest held the magnificent sum of $12.65, buta and, given a fair show, these will winin this state as they have in S. call to theNational Board andto oursister states brought a O. S. twelve others. generous response, andgifts amounting to $3,264.10, came in from HELENGUTRRIE MILLER, President. 135 ’ 134 PROCEEDINGS OE THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

MONTANA leaflets for special occasions. A few weeks before election, 20,000 voters An attempt was made toget a suffrage bill throughthe Twelfth in country districts were each sent a personal letter and leaflets written Legislative Assembly in 1911. It was voted on in the House, and received especially for farmers. For this circularizing, we used stamped envelopes a majority but lacked the necessary two-thirds to pass. The Democratic which bore no indication on the outside of the contents. Fromthe be- and Republican conventions in 1912 recommended to the Legislature the ginning to the end of the campaign, the women of the state were very submission of the Woman Suffrage question. The Socialists and Progres- helpful. The house-to-house campaign was the most effective work that sives endorsed the principle. was done. In many small communities and in some of the large ones, the We had a booth atthe State Fair, and had at this time formed a women were very faithful in this work. State Central Committee, with myself astemporary chairman and Miss During the campaign our women spoke in every county and outside Ida Auerbach of Helena as temporary secretary. One-half of the counties women spoke in all but seven very small counties. We tried to have each were visited and temporarycounty chairmen appointed. Two weeks be- month a state wide or sectional demonstration. In May we celebrated the fore election, we campaigned against the election of Mr. McNally, the Second, which the Governor proclaimed as Woman’s Day; in June, we labor representative forthe Legislature. He was elected, but voted for had our State Central Committee meeting in Lewistown, just following the our bill in theThirteenth Legislative Assembly. After election, letters meeting of the State Federation ofWomen’s Clubs; in July,we had a tothe Governor and Lieutenant-Governor werewritten from all over campaign in the southeastern part of thestate with headquarters at the state, asking the Governor to recommend the passage of the suffrage Billings. General Rosalie Jones and Colonel IdaCraft were our star bill in his message to the Legislature, and asking the Lieutenant-Governor speakers. In August, we planned to have the same demonstration in the to help us in the Senate. northernpart of the state. The excellent work done by Miss Blake in The first meeting of the State Central Committee was held in Helena that part of the state and the loss of our campaign funds in the State at the opening of the Legislature, and at that time permanentofficers were SavingsBank caused us to give up this plan. We spentone week in elected. The Committee was visiting theLegislature at the time the September at the State Fair in Helena, where we had headquarters at the Governor read his message recommending the passage of theWoman Fair Grounds and in the city. We sold our “Suffrage Daily News” on the Suffrage Bill. With no discussion the Billpassed withonly two votes streetsand at the Fair. The parade with Dr. Anna Howard Shaw as against it in the House. On February 1, the women celebrated the passage speaker at the auditorium was a great success. Mrs. Root, of Los Angeles, of the Bill in at least a dozen towns in the state. andMiss Gratia Erickson and FlorenceLord, of Chicago,helped us in The second meeting of the State Central Committee was held in Liv- preparingfor the parade. On November 2, we celebrated Suffrage Day ingston immediately following the meeting of theState Federation of all over the state. Women distributed leaflets,held meetings with their Women’sClubs. Thethird meeting washeld in Butte, just preceding local speakers, and gave hat bands to the school children on whichwas the State Fair, where we had a suffrage booth. printed, “I want my mother to vote.” The towns were placarded with In January, 1914, we opened ourheadquarters in Butte. The cam- suffrage posters. At all demonstrations of any kind, the suffragists were paign was opened with a speaking tour through the state with Mr. and urged to have suffrage floats. Materialand instructions were sent from Mrs. James Lees Laidlaw as speakers. headquarters before such days as the Fourth of July, County Fairs, etc. During May, andpart of June, we had Mrs. Cotterill from Seattle Every newspaper in the state received a letter written each week by speak before labor unions. Miss Margaret Hinckey, of New York, spoke MissO’Neill, telling the. suffrage news. About once a month, some tothe unions during July andpart of August. These were the only propaganda was sent. At the beginning of the campaign, letters were sent workers in the campaign who received salaries except the stenographers. to women’s clubs, Grangers, and labor unions and farmers’ societies ask- I think, in one case, aMontana woman received alittle more thanher ing them for aid in the campaign and requesting that they pass resolu- expenses, but therule was merely to pay expenses. Thestory of our tions favoring suffrage. This workwas continued throughoutthe cam- finances is avery sad one. The financial support from outside of the paign. Monthly and bi-monthly letters were written to the county chair- state made it possible for us to win. I have not the exact figures of the men and all the women who had shown especial interest in the campaign. money spent, although it was something less than $8,000. Over half was These letters attempted to keep them in touch with the activities of the received from outside the state. state and give detailed instructions for new activities. It wasour plan to use some of our ownwomen with the outside Practically all of the literature used was printed in the state. We re- speakers. However, Mrs. Funk did very valuable work under very trying wrote or copied a great deal of the National literature, and wrote some of circumstances. We had outside speakers in the state from April until our own. This was distributed very generously over the state, with new the middle of October, but not more than three in the state at one time. 136 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 137

Thelast two weeks of the campaign therewere no outside speakers, Our Educational Committee prepared and circulated programs of although ten or twelve of .our own women were kept busy speaking every excellent quality, suitable for seventh and eighth grades, for High night Schools, and for adult persons.< A different program was furnished for Not a single candidate for office spoke against woman suffrage, that each of these groups. Theywere all full of propaganda availably ar- I know of. Perhaps this was due to our campaign against Mr. McNally rangedfor entertainment purposes. This Committee also did work in in 1912. The precinct organization was very effective where it was worked various Colleges of the State. out in detail. The National American Woman Suffrage Association aided Our Publicity Committee presented our cause through hundreds of us inmany ways. The FieldSecretary, Jane Thompson,came early in movingpicture shows by getting slides shown there with brief, terse the campaign, and Mrs. Funk and Dr. Shaw spoke at the time when we Suffrage sentiments on them. needed them most. We could not have won without the valuable help of It also arranged for speakers before picture show audiences in many the National Association and the many friends all over the country. cases. This Committee maintained a Speakers’ Bureau through which speakers of National reputation as well as many local leaders were sched: JEANNEITE RANKIN. uled for tours through the State. It also arranged for automobile tours made possible by the remarkable generosity of some of our men Suffrage NEBRASKA friends who gave their own time and the use of their machines. Two of these carswere driven six thousand mileseach by their owners in Woman Suffrage Association Suffrage work. Auto toursapproximating 20,000 milesand meetings The Legislature of 1913 did not pass the Bill for the submission of in five hundred places during the summer and fall constituted one of an amendment to Nebraska’s Constitutiongiving the ballot to women. the achievements of thisvery efficientCommittee. In aState four hun- Hence theNebraska Woman Suffrage Association availeditself of the dred miles East and West, twohundred miles North and South, with a Initiativemethod andthe question was submitted tothe vote of the rural population of more than 800,000, crossed by three lines of railroad, electors in November, 1914. thousands of voters must be reached in off-the-railroad places. It is well Under our initiative law, petitions &st come from two-fifths of to remember thatthe area of this State is 22,010 square miles greater the Counties and there must be as many voters’ signatures as fifteen per thanthat of RhodeIsland, Delaware, Connecticut,New Jersey, Massa- cent. of the vote for Governor at the last previous election. In this in- chusetts, New Hampshire,Vermont and Maryland combined. New Eng- stance thatmeant 38,000 signatures from thirty-eight Counties. The labor , land is not so large as Nebraska by over 11,000 square miles. of securing these signedpetitions wasperformed by volunteers-men Our organization was now complete. We had splendid service from and women suffragists-and on March 14, 1914, the petition was filed with the organizers we employed andgenerous help from Kansas, Colorado, 41,707 signers from sixty-three different Counties. Beforethe time for and manyindividuals from elsewhere. Our own workers were able and filing additionalnames expired, enoughwere added to bring the total faithful. to about 50,000 and to have nearly every Com@ represented. We met well financed and well organized opposition. While our TheFinance Committee received generous help fromthe National campaigncost about $25,000 the opposition circularized the State with Association and from Massachusetts. The moneyraised in theState literature which our experience indicates cost not less than twice our was ,gathered by the “Hardy plan” devised by the State Treasurer and total expenditure. We had the active opposition of the German-American her able assistant, Mr.Hardy. This plan provided for an assessment Alliance andNebraska has about 50,000 German voters. The Alliance based on population, Notall the Counties raisedthe full quota, but isan influential organization among them. We had 90,782 affirmative enough was paid into the Treasury to avoid taking collections at meet- votes, 99,036 negative, out of a total 246,593 voting. Without changitlg ings andto leave thevarious Committees free’to plan work with an any of the negative ones, another campaign able to bring the 56,775 who assured income to count upon. did not register an opinion to a vote in favor would give us a handsome

’ Our Press Committee gave bi-monthly service to one hundred and majority in favor of our amendment. sixty-two country newspapers daringthree months of thespring and Without doubt, the interest stirred by the campaign of 1914 will grow summer. This servicewas used by theeditors quite generallyuntil and the next will come to a successful conclusion. The Association feels crowded out by the paid political advertising preceding the primaries. that good work has been done and a permanent impression has been made The plate wassent to the papers at no cost to them. News servicc to on the public sentiment of the State in behalf of our Cause. thedaily papersin the State was given throughoutthe campaign and GRACEM. WHEELER, to some special interest papers. Chairman of CampaignCommittee. 138 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 139

NEVADA tration lists fifty per cent. wrong as regards the 1914 lists. The new Equal Franchise League voters in the 1914 election were circularized from the primary registra- tionlists available after ,September. Every suffrage campaign is necessarily shaped by characteristics within 5. Our last, andnext to the state-wide circulation of our vote, the the state, physicial, sociological, moral and industrial. mostimportant educative factorin our campaignwas personal contact There are in Nevada certain unusual conditions as regards its geog- with the voter. We accomplished this by means of canvasses and street raphy, its distribution of population, its electorate and its industries that meetings in the towns, and by seeking out the rural voters by train, auto- produced peculiar difficulties and necessitated a special type of work to mobile, stage and even on horseback, “prospecting for votes” among the reach and educate the voters. miners in our vast mountains, and the farmers in our remote valleys. To Nevada has a population of only 80,000 people on an area of over reach less than one hundred votes at Austin, the County seat of Lander 110,000 square miles, a territory one-quarter largerthan Great Britain County, required a journey of two days over the desert in a motor nar- with its more than 40,000,000 inhabitants, an area larger than the whole row-gauge railroad costing on an average more than ten cents a mile, of New England. Of these 80,000 people, 40,000 are men over twenty-one In most cases it required several days’ journey away from the railroad years of age, of whom only 20,000 remained in the state long enough to to seek out the scattered vote in the outlying precincts of our northern vote at the last general election. Twen@ thousand voters, scattered over andsouthern counties. A house to house canvass was made with the an area of 110,000 square miles, gavean average of one voter to every houses twenty to thirty miles apart on cattle ranges and on the desert. five square miles. to be sought and educated. Nevada is rightfully classified asa “doubtful” state as regards its It is true that some of these voters are massed together in the towns, Republican and Democraticcharacter. Election figures for the last ten but, with one exception, in towns of less than 1,000 votes. years show that Nevadahas always gone Democratic when powerful Nevada has, therefore, the lowest urban and the most scattered rural Democratic leaders were seeking re-election, and Republican by as many population in the United States, Nevada has also the highest proportion- votes as it went Democratic, when a powerful leader like the late Senator ate male population, the lowest proportionate population of women and the Nixon was successfully seeking election to the United States Senate in largest “floating” ortransient vote inthe wholecountry. Thislarge 1904 and 1910. The Democrats, the Progressives and the Socialists of floating vote is due to mining, railway and irrigational construction, and Nevada have endorsed equal suffrage, and many individual leaders of the other transitory occupations. Republican Party support it. In the election of1912, 20,115 voteswere The difficulty of reaching and educating thisvote for suffrage, dis- cast, of which 7,986 were Democratic, 5,620 Progressive, 3,313 Socialist, tributed over the greatest proportionate area in the United States, a vote and 3,196 Republican. which is constantly changing, passing in and then out of the state, was Besides the endorsement of every party in the state but the Re- met in the following ways : publican, equal suffrage was endorsed by every labor union which has 1. By press work. Nevada’s forty-five newspapers, chiefly rural week- voted on the subject, and by a state-wide conference of labor represent- lies, were supplied every week with a special bulletin of news, comment ing 6,000 members, . and argument from suffrage headquarters. TheState Suffrage Society had only fourteen paid membersand 2. Everyeditor, over one hundred school districts, andthree hun- no County organizations in 1912, and now has over 1,000 paidmembers, dred representativenames fromour sixteencounties received the a large additional enrollment, suffrage organizations or committees in Woman’s Journal every week. every county, and anadvisory board coptaining the names of United 3. A suffrage essay contest was conducted bythe College Equal StatesSenators, Francis G. Newlands and Key Pittman, Congressman Suffrage League in the schools of the state, so by educating the children Roberts,Governor Oddie and Lieutenant-Governor Ross, the late Presi- to suffrage we could educate the parents in the widely separatedrural dent Stubbs of the State University and Bishop Robinson, besides judges, school districts. The winning essays were published in the local papers, editors,bankers, and other business and professional men,who are 4. Everyvoter ‘inthe state,according tothe country registration leaders from every county. lists of 1912, was circularized by the county organizations, and again by In less than two years of suffrage work the Nevada Equal Franchise state headquarters, with differentkinds of sufirage literature. This com- Society has secured alarger percentage of Nevada’s 18,000women as prehensive piece ofwork by no means insuredthe education of every paid members than are enrolled members of all suffrage associations in voter in the 1914 election; a prominent Nevada sociologist estimated the thestate of NewYork, with its splendid suffrage baclcground and its voting population as fifty per cent. transient, which makes the 1912 regis- powerful workers. 141 140 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

We did not win withoutopposition; a powerful organization, called Every county in the state carried but four, in each case a county with the “Business Men’s League,” opposed us to the last, as did the largest one of the largest or oldest towns in the whole state, i. el, Washoe County mine-owner in the state, who was a multi-millionaire and controlled with Reno, 600 votes against out of a total of 2,400, Ormsby County with several newspapers as well. Wehad fierce andbitter opposition from Carson went 141 votes against, Storey County with Virginia City and 31 these newspapers, including the Reno Evening Gazette, the leading Re- votes against, Eureka County with Eruka and 48 votes against.

publican newspaper of the state, controlled by Mr. Wingfield, and active 2 According toour books the whole campaignconducted forthree support from only one or two, notably the Nevada State Journal. years, through two successive sessions of the legislature beginning in The object of the opposition was to keep Nevada a “wide-open State” 1911, cost seven thousand dollars. and restorethe gambling law, maintainingNevada, entirely surrounded The whole lesson of the campaign is that thorough organization by. by equal suffrage states, as a kind of “men’s playground of the westèrn which theadverse vote inthe towns is kc#t down, and by which the world.” As Nevada isthe most “male” statein the union, havingtwo country vote is reached and educated, is sure to win. The same principle hundred and twenty men over twenty-one years of ageto everyone applies tothe Eastern campaigns, where the prejudice against such re- hundred women, the need of woman’s direct influence in the social and forms as woman suffrage is perhaps deeper seated ; the greater difficulty civic life of the state isapparent. The men of Nevada instinctively re- of winning in the East is undoubtedly one of degree and not of kind. sponded to this need by their big majorityfor womansuffrage on its These principles applied inthe Eastern work will be sureto win first submission to them on November third of this year. inthe end, paving the way, with theWestern States already won, for In addition to .organization, presswork,school essay contests, circu- the National amendment. larizing the voters’ registration lists, canvasses and personaljourneys, ANNEH. MARTIN,President. to visit every precinct in the state that had twenty-five votes, we aimed to reach thevoters from every other possible angle; circularizing the OHIO Catholic population with special literature, sending organizers whobe- Woman Suffrage Association longed to laborunions to talk‘ before every union in the state,sending specially suitableorganizers to talk beforethe Mothers’ and Women’s After our annual convention last year, our executive Committee had Clubs. a conference in Portsmouth, preceding a conference in Columbus on de- The campaign inNevada was won iargely because wewere able tail campaign work. We formed a campaign committee consisting of through organization to reach the voters-reaching the voter is the final our own executive committee and a representative from each stateor- test of an efficient campaign. ganization endorsing us, making a Committee of twenty-nine members. Since themajority of the people are good andnot bad, and since Our usual plan of asking for hearings and endorsement from farmers’ our cause isjust, a majority of thevoters are going to support it if institutes was continued. Forty-two farmers’ institutes and one hundred they can be reached and the cause presented to them. By çanvasses of the and thirty-one subordinate granges endorsed during the year. towns andour organizing and speaking tours all overthe state,in one After we had launched our initiative petition we found that in order of which we covered over 3,000 miles thissummer by automobile, we to avoid a probable adverse ruling by an unfriendly state official, we had were able to reachpersonally nearlyevery one of our 20,000 voters. better withdraw it and put it out under another heading, which we did. Sometimes we went on horseback, sometimes we climbed on foot. We heldseveral conferences duringthe year andopened our cam- Outof two hundredand forty precincts in thestate every precinct paign in Toledo April 14th and 15th, Jane Addams being the speaker. that had twenty-five votes in’ it was reached, canvassed and an open-air May 2nd was celebrated throughout the State. The big event of that meeting held. Over one hundred and eighty of the two hundred and forty month was the pageant “A Dream of Freedom” by the Cuyahoga County precincts were organized with a woman precinctleader, who distributed (Cleveland) Woman Suff rage Party. ourliterature sent from headquarters, and “picketed the polls” all day In June the suffragists journeyed to Salem holding a meeting in the election day, November 3, 19i4, handing out our final appeal tothe old Friends Meeting House where the Woman’s Rights convention of 1850 voters, to “give Nevada women a square deal,” and vote for the amend- met. This wasfollowed by street meetings in Salemand towns round- ment on non-partisan lines, as a humanitarian and reform measure, ap- about. The following day our executive committee met in Cantonwith pealing to the members of all parties. I Mrs. Catt as speaker at a banquet. Out of 18,193 votes cast on the amendment, 10,936 were for, 7,357 Having secured 131,271 names to our petitions, some thousands more against, giving a majority of 3,679,or a twenty per cent. majority in favor than we needed, we presented them to the Secretary of State July 30th. of the amendment. This presentation was rather spectacular, being preceded by a parade, 142 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 143

representatives of each county carrying their own petitions in decorated The total number of votes cast on the woman suffrage amendment baskets. A public meeting on the State Capitol grounds followed, at- was 843,685; against 518,295 ; for 335,390; lost by 182,905. This means tended by thousands. that 335,390 Ohio men believe women should be real citizens and further- August and September were devoted largely to political work, aside more, this was within 1,485 of the number of votes against us two years from the regular campaign work. We went before the Republican and ago, but the total adverse vote was so large that it made the majority Democratic Conventions, were given hearings before the resolutions com- against us about three per cent. more than two years ago. We got forty- mittees of both, but did secure endorsement. The Progressive Party not twoper cent. plus of the “1912 vote; thirty-nine pet cent.plus of ’ the endorsed.We had unusual success with our county fair. work and although we 1914 vote. Our problem as we see it therefore is to convert an additional eleven per cent. of the Ohio electorate and to its accomplishment weare de- have been speaking at county fairsand distributing literaturefor the voting ourselves with unabated energy and zeal. last ten years, this work was much more effective than usual because of HARRIETTAYLOR UPTON, President. our increased organization. Local people managed the details of the speaking and distributed the literature. More than half a million women in the State of Ohio have byen- Equal Franchise Association rollment and endorsement declared themselves in favor of suffrage. Nevertheless the antis continue to say only ten or twelve per cent. of The Ohio Equal Franchise Association has had a year of large and Ohio women want to vote and people believe them. varied experience. Many influential state organizations endorsed, the most important We have done the usual things-headquarters’ meetings, parlor meet- being the Federation of Women’s Clubs. ings, mass meetings, factory and street speaking, luncheons, teas, markets, During the campaign we had seventy-four people in the field, twenty County Fairs and every other form of work that suffrage knows. of these came from outside the state. These pople worked in groups Our member of the Executive Council, Mrs. Frances G. Richard, Pro- sometimes as many as ten at a time going into a county and staying until fessor of Literature in Miami University and chairman of the depart- eachtown and hamlet had beencovered. When the campaign closed we ment of Literature of the Ohio Federation of Women’s Clubs, has spoken had some sort of. organization in eighty-three of our eighty-eight counties. in most of the southern Counties of the state, and continuous work with The strength of the campaign was the beautiful self-sacrificing serv- weekly meetings has been kept up. ice of our workers, their hearty co-operation each with the other,their Last April we secured in Cincinnati free of rent a large vacant store praise of each other and their indifference to personal recognition or re- on a prominent street,and for five days served lunch there. The walls ward; their only concern was that they do their work as well as it could of the store were covered with posters and cards with suffrage informa- be done. In the conviction that they fought a good fight they have tion printed on them. We think this wasconceded tobe the greatest their compensation. event in suffrage work in Cincinnati up to that time. Our defeat was due to,the wet and dry fight. Realizing that we Our County Fair work seemedespecially effective tlis year. We ’ could not win ifthat question was to come up the State president sc- had a large booth where we had quantities of literature for distribution, cured the promise of the head of the Anti-SaIoon League that he would a voiceless speech, and we served lemonade “like mother used to make,” not bring forward a prohibition amendment in 1914. When the which the crowds liked because it was the genuine article. brewers saw thatour petition was surely to succeed they initiated an Withpart of the money sent us by the National Association WC amendment, also by petition, to repeal certainexisting temperance legis- rented a large empty store in Cincinnati within a few hundred feet of lation and called it the “Home Rule Amendment.” We urged the Antí- the sixth busiest corner in the United States. One window fronted on Saloon League to take the defensive merely and not introdlzce an amend- the street, and a large side one opened on the lobby of a Burlesque theater, ment. We believed that the brewers hadbrought up their measure in and this we decorated with posters and an immense sign which read: the hope of diverting dry support from the suffrage amendment and thus “Give the mothers ofmen the vote that war maybe abolished.” Silent defeating both suffrage and temperance. Weset forth our position to speeches were turned in the front window and sometimes at the door this effect in our official paper at the time. However, the Anti-Saloon from eight in the morning till nine at night, and on Saturday nights till League prefers to make offensive, not defensive, fights and so initiated ten thirtyor eleven o’clocIc. We averaged ten women a day at this a prohibition amendment. This amendment, like the suffrage amendment work for sevenweeks. Alt our helpwas volunteered. We paid 110 one was defeated, by a much smaller majority than suffrage, however, show- for any work, The crowds were continuous and interested and the work ing that many men who voted for prohibition failed to vote for suffrage. created a tremendous impression. It was an education for those en- 144 ’ PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 145

gaged in it. We learned how totreat all kindsand conditions ofmen. Des Moines Suffrageworkers have been especially active and in We were visited by “fifty-seven varieties” of drunksand near drunks. August completed a canvass of the whole city. About five hundred helped Most of these came to berate us for our presumption in wanting to vote, in making the canvassand in the taking ofthe birth registration for and to assure us that if the women got the ballot, Ohio would surely go 1913 at the same time. dry, which, in their opinion, would be very deplorable. At first we would The Republican convention in July adopted a strong Suffrage plank treat them civilly, but when we found that they were in condition to no and as the Iowa Legislature is Republican the passage of our bill by the be talked with, we ignored them or if that hint did not suffice, we sug- General Assembly of 1915 seems assured. The Democratic state con- gested that theystep outside andread thé speech asit contained all vention referred Woman Suffrage tothe initiative and referendum but our arguments, and it was funny to see, when they once understood that since wehave as yet no such law in Iowa this was nota particularly we wished them to leave, how meekly they would make their departure. strong endorsement. We never had any trouble that we could not settle ourselves. The number of dues-paying club members in thestate is but little We hadcallers fromnearly all the suffrage states who came in to larger than last year but we have added many non-dues paying members. bear testimony to the beneficent working of equal suffrage and to wish Whileour budget is very small compared to some of the other states .us success. a vastamount of volunteer work has beendone. All of the state offi- Since we had not muchexpectation that Ohio would win this time, cershave given voluntary service and many speakers have served us and hope without expectation being dead, we should not say that we are without charge. Altogether we feel that the outlook for suffrage in Iowa disappointed or disheartened by ourfailure. Indeed we are not. We in 1916 is most hopeful. feel that our work has been of great educational value to ourselves and FLORADUNLAP, President. to the public, and must bring results in the not very distant future. Let us keepon with the work and assist The National Association and Ohio by a generous co-operation in the possible and probable states, MASSACHUSETTS Let us plead for aconcentration of strengthon the part of suffragists over the country upon two or three states at a time which we can pull Political Equality Union through. As a matter of economy and efficiency, some plan looking toward this end might be carried out, drawinginto the work all state associa- The MassachusettsPolitical Equality Union is organized to ‘help tions as far as possible. in the fight to secure Votes for Women. Its foulders realize that in all probability the legislature will submit Such co-operation and massing ofwork and money must redound to the honor and glory of Ohio, and we shall soon win out. to thevoters of theState a Constitutional Amendment granting equal suffrage in 1915, and feel that before this amendment goes to the voters FLORAE. WORTHINGTON, President. it is absolutely necessary to stir up and organize far more generally than

has been doneas yet thegreat amotrnt of latentinterest in the move- I ment, which must be turnedinto active support if that campaign is ta PRESENT CAMPAIGN STATES prove successful. We believe that more groups of workers, working through different IOWA channels, inmore places, as well asfrom various points of attack, are Iowa has undertaken to organize forSuffrage by State senatorial needed to strengthen and vitalize the whole movement. Our Union depends upon a Ten-cent InitiationFee and volunteer districts and thoughbut twenty out’ of the fifb districtsare as yet really organized the outlook is mostpromising for a fairly complete subscriptions, and is, therefore, open to all men and women that believe organization of the state within the next six months. Miss Mable Lodge. in equal suffrage, however heavy may be the other demands upon their of Dover, Delaware, has given four months of work for this state organi- support. zation plan and has been most successful. The General Comnittec is composed of one member from each sena- The Mississippi Valley conference held in Des Moines in March gave torial district. much inspiration tothe Iowa workers and was asuccessful meeting in The officers are a President, Vice-president, Treasurer and Secre- tary, who, with five other members, make up the Executive Committee. every way. In June, Mrs. Ella F. Stewart of Illinois conducted a three Our Executive Secretary plans the field and office work, superintends days’ School of Methods in Des Moines which was well attended and was most helpful. it, and also herself does some of the work near headquarters, thus re- leasing the other organizers for the more remote parts of the State. 146 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 147 The membership of the Union hasin two years grown to 2,500, eral Street, Boston, bysupplying speakers one day a week for the noon having increased 1,000 in six months, a number that is a very practical meetings. proof of the need for an organization of the democratic type of the Union, August Ist, we moved into our new store at 1301 Washington Street. The membership is distributed through all ofthe forty Senatorial This meant an increase in office expenditure, but on theother hand, it Districts, and represents all types of citizens. There are many Grangers meant that the office has a chance to be self-supporting, because we are --a large number of Trade Union men and women, a notable group of holding Rummage Sales here for two days every two or three weeks, and stenographers and office workers-many professional women and home from time to time sales ofother kinds. Also, it meansmany larger makers-men in public life, of every political party-men of the profes- opportunities for suffrage work, such as evening meetings and a store sions and in business, as well as men and women representing all churches window in a crowded working class district. and various races. In August and September most of our time wasdevoted to short At the legislative hearings of 1913 and 1914 the Political Equality campaign trips in the country districts. Late in September, and early Sn Union devoted its portion of the time wholly to brief speeches by working October, we had booths at the County Fairs. women, and many who were present have testified that the simple state- The Massachusetts Melting Potfor the benelìt of the Campaign ments from these self-supporting women were the most telling and im- States was cared for by a committee of representative suffragists, and pressive part of the entire hearing. much of the work wasdone at the Political Equality Union’s Head- One organizer has been in the field the entire time since the organi- quarters. zation of the Union and a second one has been at work much of the time, On three different occasions this year the Moving Pictureshave For thepast four months two organizers have given all their time to carried news of our work all over the country: First, the Governor of field work, and one other, with the Executive Secretary, have given part Massachusetts greetingthe National Board on the steps of theState of their time. The experience of ourorganizers has shown how great House, April 1st; second,Mrs. Catlin starting on her trip July 1st; and is the need of steady work in the smaller towns and cities and rural third the Melting Pot Parade in August. districts, and also how ready is the response made to this personal effort. The Union stands for democracy of membership, democracy of or- Last winter the Union organized a series of meetings for Miss Helen ganization and democracy of administration. Todd of .California, andin the springa banquet was held under the The plain lesson of our twenty months’ work is that more workers auspices of the Union, where four hundred people listened to George Creel, are needed-workers that can go out in the field and stay there, giving and otherfriends of woman suffrage. The Uniontook most of the re- information,arousing interest and building up membership among the sponsibility forthe arrangements forthe National Rally, April 1, in rank and file of the citizens. There is no limit to the amount of very which it co-operated with the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Associa- practical work that needs to bedone-the demands come to us faster tion. Laterthe Finance Committee gavea very lsuccessful and delight- than we can fill them. Lack of funds alone stands in our way. fui Thé Dansant at the Copley-Plaza Hotel. MABELGILLESPIE, President. On May 2, twenty-eight meetings in different towns and cities in bc- half of the Amendment to the National Constitution were held through the efforts of our members and organizers. Since then, the Association MASSACHUSETTS has held several publicity weeks in various sections of the State, and has Woman ‘Suffrage Association arranged several very successful series of weekly or semi-weekly mass meetings for a period of time, The Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association has to reportthe On July I, Mrs. Catlin, one of the organizers of the P. E. U., started most importantand significant work of its more than forty years. on a four months’ horseback campaign throughthe State. Mrs. Catlin The Legislature at its last sessionpassed the resolution providitlg started without funds and met all her expenses from collections and dona- for the submission to the voters of a Constitutional Amendment enfran- tions. She had a most successful four months and she reached the voters chising the womenof the State, by the very remarkable vote of 34-2 in in many country sections, and we hope to have more workers like her the Senate and 168-39 in the House. If this Resolution passes the coming next summer. She traveled about five hundred andthirty miles and Legislature, as it is expected to do, the question willcome before the talked to about ten thousand people at meetings. voters in November, 1915. Our victory was aided by thefact that be- During June and July the Political Equality Union co-operated with fore the last Legislature convened our Legislative Committee had suc- ceeded indefeating for re-election several important men who had op- the Equal Franchise Committee, who conducted a suffrage store on Fed- posed us, notably Levi H. Greenwood, President of the Senate, one of FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 149 148 PROCEEDINGS OF THE have been impossible. Signatures to card pledges were obtained in the -‘the most important machine Republicans in Massachusetts, whose posi- crowds,buttons sold andliterature freely distributed. We felt that this tion was considered impregnable. This was done by a sharp and effective was the best possible way of waking up the small and inaccessible towns. campaign, based on the records of these men in having opposed the pas- Many factoryand street meetings were held under the auspices of sage of progressive and humanitarianmeasures, includingthe suffrage thevarious leagues, and this fall has seen thestarting of a state-wide bill. No threatswere made beforehand and no- boastsafterwards. In house-to-house canvassing, which if it works as we hope, will be the fact, no allusion to our political work was ever made by any of and us, backbone of the campaign. our relations with the Republican party were kept as friendly as possible, The work of systematically placing speakers on the programs of men’s inorder to leave the door open for the Republican votes in the Legis- clubs, civic and fraternal organizations is actively going on, and to date lature necessary to. carry our bill. we have supplied speakers before one hundred and twenty men’s organi- We also succeeded in defeating the strawvote, or as the antis euphon- zations. iously termed it the “public opinion bill,” which has menaced us for two Workers andliterature bave also been sent to the County Fairs, twenty- years in succession, the first year backed by all the strength of the old five of which have been covered inthis way, and five by local leagues, “stand pat” Republican machine. Seventy thousand colored flyers were distributed in addition to the litera- On May second, Massachusettscelebrated itsvictory by a splendid ture, buttons, pennants and novelties which were sold. and impressive parade of .10,000men and women through the streets of Five salaried speakers are constantly in the field, besides numerous Boston. Thoughthe parade bills amounted toabout $3,000, the dona- volunteers. We have on our list of speakers one hundred and twenty-five tions andleague appropriations, andthe businessability shown by the women and seventy-six men willing and ready at all times to do what- women whomanaged in relays theParade Headquarters, the Suffrage ever we ask. We have been able to loan two for some weeks in the Ohio shop and lunch room, not to mention the generosity of the professional Campaign andto sublet one to Nevada. FromMarch 1st to November artists,decorators, writers, etc., among our members, brought down the 1st theSpeakers’ Bureau has assigned speakers for the following meetings : net cost of this immense undertaking to $428.38. Fifty-three Men’s Organizations;nine Debates before Men’s Clubs ; Our Campaign activities began the day after the passage of the bill. twenty-five Women’s Clubs; seventeen Hall Meetings ; thirty Open Air The Chairmanof the Organization,Legislative andother Committees Meetings; onehundred and thirty-seven StateLeagues; totalling three started at once on a trip throughout the State, holding work conferences hundred and eight. and enthusiastic public meetingsin each of the counties. OurHeadquarters Press Chairman, who is salaried, and gives full Thework of the Campaign OrganizationCommittee hasthe co- time, sends out every week a news bulletin to local suffrage press chair- operation of the strong local associations, Boston having undertaken the men, and to editors. The list includes regularly about seventy-five news- organizationof the whole ofSuffolk County, Worcester of Worcester papers and is continually being extended. County, Brooklineof Norfolk, Cambridge of Middlesex,Springfield of A Committee of the College EqualSuffrage League of Boston as- Hampden and so on. This plan includes theeffort to interview and en- sumed the management of the Literature Department in July, 1914, with roll every registered male voter in the State before election day. a capital of $300 in stock and $1,000 in the treasury. The work of the Since November 1, 1913, seventy new leagues and twenty-eight new department is done by volunteers who give regular time each week to committees have been formed, making a total of one hundred and thirty- selling atretail and filling orders, besides assuming general hospitality eight Ín the state. duties at Headquarters. The Campaign Organization Committee consists of fourteen, a chair- Throughits organization committee ,the Association has thisyear man for each county, each with a vice-chairman, secretaryand a sub- been working in co-operation withthe Woman‘s Journal in placing the chairman for each legislative districtand if thedistrict containsseveral paper in the hands of as many people in the State as possible. towns, thereis a member from each one. Theorganizers and certain The Congressional work of the Association has been confined to a members-at-large alsobelong tothis committee, which nownumbers listing of the Massachusetts members of Congress, with regard to their two hundredand twenty-five. County Conferencesare held atregular attitude for or against equal suffrage, and an attempt wherever possible intervals, and each county&airman makes a monthly report of the en- to convert them. rollments of men and women and of the activities in her district. Houseto house canvassing has been carried on with most valuable The special work of the summer was an automobile campaign through results during the year. the small towns of four counties. Postal card notices of proposed street TheState and Boston Headquarters have an office corps, of two meetings were sent to all the registered voters and by this means audi- managers, four stenographers, a treasurer’s assistant and a general office ences were gathered in rural places, where a.meeting otherwise would 150 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 151

, man, and nine field organizers giving either full or half time. A Workers’ During July a series of suffrage debates was held in Asbury Park, Bureau receives all offers, of volunteer help and places the applicants ad- the Auditorium there beinggiven to us on condition that the meetings vantageously. should be debates and not merely presentations of, suffrage. From these The condition of the legislative work at the present moment is favor- debates we secured over a hundred columns of publicityin the New able to the second and final passage of the suffrage bill, in spite of the Jersey papers, and during the week they were in progress we canyassed fact that we failed to secure a suffrage plank in the Republican platform. the hotels of Asbury Park and nearby resorts and distributed thousands All the other parties have such planks.* of suffrage fliers. The Ways and Means Committee have under way a second Suffrage In co-operation with the National Association a Rally for the Cam- Festival more than double the size of last year’s; the proceeds of which paign States was held in Paterson in April, and our Association and its will be divided between the suffrage work and that of the Red Cross. branches have sent about five hundred dollars to the Campaign States. Massachusetts has an electorate of 600,000 men. There is widespread We have secured (in co-operation with the other suffrage organiza- ignorance and indifference among them on the subject of equal suffrage; tions of the State) the insertion of referendum planks in the platform of but alsomuch intelligence anda general tradition of progressand in- every political party, and feel absolutely sure that the suffrage amend- tellectual leadership which sometimes makes the old Bay State press ment will pass the coming session of the Legislature, in which case it will forward almost againstits will. The MassachusettsWoman Suffrage go tothe voters at a special election in September-thus making New Association does not underestimate its task, but it is facing it with courage. Jersey the next Campaign State.* Give us Godspeed. Weare advocating the running of suffrage shops in vacant stores ALICE STONEBLACKWELL, President. (same to be vacated as soon as the owners rent them), and such stores are now being conducted in six of our principal cities. A series of suf- frage schools are to be conducted in centrally located cities during De- NEW JERSEY cember. Woman Suffrage Association We have adopted as our slogan for the coming campaign the words “Voters First I” and intend that between now and the election every single The New Jersey Woman Suffrage Association has grown in the past voter in the State shall have the case for woman suffrage presented to year from forty-six to ninety-six branches (which include practically all him, and that systematic work willbe done everywhere on election day of the cities large towns of the State and many of the smaller towns). , and to get out the voters we know are favorable to us and to ensure a fair Its membership has increased from 7,000 to 22,000, of which about one- and honest count of the vote on the suffrage amendment. fifth are dues-paying. LILLIANF. FEICKERT,President. A State Executive Office is maintained in Plainfield, from which weeklynews bulletins are sent to seventy-five newspapers and special NEW YORK press stories are furnished at least twice a month to over one hundred StateWoman Suffrage Association and fifty papers. During the past year about 200,000 pieces of literature have been sent out from this office. At the State Convention of 1913, it was voted to unite with other or- The plan has been adopted of havingthe monthly board meetings ganizations in the formation of a State CampaignCommittee. Several of the Association held in different sections of the State each mon.th, and meetings were held in New York City before a definiteunion was ef- these are followed byopen conferences for suffragists from the nearby fected. The Empire State Campaign Committee was formed on November - towns. Theseconferences are attended by anywhere from fifty to two Ist, and hence has been at work eleven months. It labored at the begin- hundred and fifty women, and have resulted in every case in greatly in- ningunder the disadvantage of having to establish its headquarters, to creased activity in the branches participating in the conference, secure help, to divide work and set campaign machinery in motion. It During the past summer a number of county automobile tours were decided to emphasize for the first year the department of ORGANIZATION held, a “Flying Squadron” of decorated automobiles going from town fortified by press, literature and agitational efforts. to town, holding meetings and distributingliterature. Thesetours were Fewtrained organizers couldbe found and the qualifications of properly worked up and advertised beforehand in the local papers and by these had to be tested. It was clear that the most valuable service must announcement posters tacked up on trees and fences and placed in store be given by local workers; the direct constituents of legislators and the windows. friends and neighbors of the voters to whom we must make final appeal. ‘Measure has since passed the Legislature. *Measure has sincepassed the Legislature. 152 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 153

To arouse such women to activitywas the aim of the organization de- personshave worked in the Campaign Districts whose expense accounts partment. havenever entered the Central Office. To sum up, thirty-threepersons Accepting the plan putinto partial operation by Mrs.Livermore, have spoken and worked in Districts not their own for which salary or the State was divided into twelve Campaign Districtswith somewhat expenses, or both, have been paid or contributed. This it will be under- different boundaries. A competent, earnestChairman was appointed for stood does not inclttde any Campaign District Chairman or Assembly each District, who, together with the elected Leaders of the Assembly District Leader, with one exception. Districts, formed a Campaign Committee forthe District. In eight of The total results of the year’s organization work plus the many years the twelve districts, a local Headquartersexisted in the chief city and of continuous agitation which preceded it and whose value we must never permission was secured to make this the Campaign District Headquarters. forget, is that onehundred and forty-one of the one hundred and fifty In the Fourthand Sixth Districts theChairman makes her own home Assembly Districts of the State are now organized, the majority well or- the Headquarters, the administrative workfor the SecondDistrict was ganized, the minority still needing much bolstering aid. done from the Central Headquarters under the direction of Mrs. Brown, We began with instructions to appoint Captains of Election Districts, and a new Headquarters was established inTroy with the aid of the the ideal of our plan. Experience taught us that in the more uninformed State Committee. InJanuary aseries ofeight CampaignDistrict Con- districts the Captains were soon discouraged and after- some months we ferences and Schools of Methods were held with the view of acquainting replaced this plan in such districts by that of Campaign Clubs. The the Leaders and workers with the plans of campaign, and to teach them function of these clubs is precisely the same as the function of the Cap- how tocarry them out. The total number of workers enrolledin these tain. Of these there are now not less than four hundred in the upstate. Conferences was over one thousand, a few anti-suffragists here and there FINANCE:The State Committee asked each Campaign District to being included. Thetotal of the audiences at the eveningpropaganda raiseall the money it could andto become self-supporting so far as meetings was fifteen thousand.These winterConferences were followed possible. The definite amount of $65,000 was assigned to various dis- by springCounty Conventions. The chief aim of the winter meetings tricts to be raised with the proviso that when raised a promised $10,000 was to teach the Assembly District Leaders the plans of campaign; the was to be paid to the State Committee. That amount was raised and the .chief aim of the spring meetings was to instruct and encourage the Cap- $10,000 was paid. tains of Election Districts and local workers, in addition to the necessary We hadestimated that a fund of $75,000 forState Committee and business of electing officers. Campaign Districts combined would be the minimum for the first year. In anumber of counties the old county organization was merged The amount was pledged and paid in at the end of the first eight months. intothe newer Assembly Districtorganization .in accordance with the The total amount which has passed through the State Committee Treas- vote of thelast State Convention. Many of these conventions were ury is $31,746. The disbursements have been as follows: ideally successful. Others were totalfailures so faras securing dele- New York Headquarters-Maintenance...... $7,395.90 gates from over the county was concerned. But from every one there camc Field Work...... 9,931,43 some good results. Thetotal number of spring conventionswas fifty- PressBureau...... 2,701.21 one. The number of delegates andworkers attending them was about Literature ...... 620.67 three thousand, and the total number of persons gathered for the propa- Posters, decorations, buttons,etc...... 1,712.47 ganda evening meetings was twenty thousand. Political Conventions...... 238.56 Meanwhile, all the Campaign Districts which were financially able Printing ...... 936.44 to do so, kept organizersin the field working up theselarge meetings, . Loans toDistricts., ...... 501.47 holding meetings of their own andorganizing where possible. Other Miscellaneous, including deposit for Carnegie Hall organizers worked directlyunder the State Committee inthe weaker and traveling expenses of some Chairmen to districts. During the year twenty-eight persons have worked in the field Campaign Committee meeting...... 761.13 under the direction of the State Committee. One was the Chairman who has visited fifty counties, attendingconferences or County Conventions Theamounts expended on field work in the various districts were andhas contributed her expenses. One was Mrs. Brown, theState as follows : President, who has visited many of the Districts and has contributed all First--$15.58 ; Second-$40.00 ; Third4728.43 ; Fourth-$707.23 ;

’ her expenses. One was Miss Mills, whose salary wascontributed by Fifth-$738.65 ; Sixth-$1,045.86; Seventh-$187.92 ; Eighth-Nothing ; friends. She visited eight Campaign Districtsand eighteen counties. Ninth-$158.13 ; Tenth+1,713.05 ; Eleventh-$1,341.13 ; Twelfth-$353.32. Seven other personsworked forshort periods for expenses only. Five The Seventh, Eighth and Ninth Districts have been practically self- 154 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 155 supportingand will continue to be so. TheFourth District has costa possible pledge to push our bill through the coming Legislature honestly good deal of money, but by January first, we believe will be self-support- and fairly, and every delegate to these conventions wenthome with an ing. Several counties have been self-supporting, chiefly, Oneida, Cayuga . increased respect for the New York suffrage movement. and Delaware. The Fifth, Sixth, Tenth and Eleventh Districts have been REPORTS: The usual difficultyof securing accurate andregular re- the heaviest burdens andall these muststill receiveassistance. The portshas been aconstant annoyance, buta sufficient acquaintance with amount paid out on field workis in addition to collectionstaken in the the condition of the State warrants three statements: field, which was $609.00, awoefully small sum. The countiescontaining 1. The number of active, alert, intelligent workers has been trebled the great Cities of Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, have been self-supporting. as the result of the yearJs work. Albany and Troy have had help. 2. The sentiment for woman suffrage in the Statehas easily been ENROLLMENTS:The Committee hasurged upon all occasions that doubled. suffrage enrollmentsshould be taken andthat systematic canvasses of 3. The organization of the State, inadequate as we know itto be, towns and villages should be made. On October first the total number re- ,is at least four timesstronger than any other campaign State has ever ported forthe State was 131,831 andfor the City of NewYork was had one year before the vote is to be taken. making a total of 133,962 265,793. There are stilla good many leadersand Captains who possess the LITERATURE:The Committee has printed, 1,400,000 leaflets and has intelligence and ability necessary to successful campaign workers, but 400,000 on hand. Presumably one million have been either distributed or who are not yet as efficient as success in 1915 demands. We must hope are in local headquarters for that purpose. their indifference will become enthusiasm;their future activitykeen PRESS:A PressDepartment with Mrs. Harriet Holt Dey and Miss enough to make up for lost time. Eva Wardin charge has been maintained. Fivehundred newspapers This in brief is an account of the work of the Empire State Cam- have been served with weekly news or propaganda bulletins. One hundred paign Committee. A good many women have given toit all their time, and seventy-five papershave been provided with a page of plate matter andall of their ability. Long hours of hardnerve-racking toilhave three times. Innumerableanti-suffrage articleshave , been answered. been putin day after day, and no days off have been taken. Apathy Many pages of propaganda in the form of write-ups or interviews have and indifference rather than opposition, is the condition to be overco1nc. been furnished the Metropolitan Dailies. Much effort has been expended It is aheavy price we women must pay for our political emancipation, in preparing the way for coming organizers over the State by press work but those who have seen the vision of coming freedom and useful service in local papers. TheDepartment has grown steadily in usefulness and gladly pay it. There must be moreworkers another year; agitation and promises to be one of our most powerful campaign agencies the coming publicity for our cause must be never ceasing. year. The Committeehas been completely harmonious and a unit in FAIRS: We have lent our aid to the big task of covering the State understandingand plans. TheState Association and Committee have Fairs with speakers and workers. One hundred in all were reached with shared the same headquarters and have pulled together without a single greater or less completeness. The details will be reported by the District hitch. Our worktogether has been morethan co-operation; it has been Chairmen. unity.' Mrs. Raymond Brown, your President, has been at her desk every ART PUBLICITY:The Committee has issued underits Art Depart- day and all day throughout the year, except when in the field, and she ment, window decorations, decorative posters, advertising posters, buttons, has worked many a whole day in the office and then gone out to speak etc., for sale and benefit to local workers. Fiftythousand road posters inthe evening. She has shown marvelous powers of turning off work, were sold at cost for posting over the country, the results to be gathered great executive talents,and isan irrepressible optimist. Mrs. Childs, later. your Treasurer, has also given splendid help to the Headquarters besides POLITICALCONVENTIONS :. Hearings were asked and willingly granted keeping her own books. for our representatives in the Socialist and Progressive State Conventions. I wish especially to express my appreciation of the helpfulness of all Headquarters were maintained at the Republican and Democratic Conven- the members of the Campaign Committee who have each contributed gen- tions, and especial literature printed. Every Campaign District was rep- resented atthese conventions, seventy-five of our women attendingthe erously of time and money. RepubliCan andsixty the Democratic Convention. We were assured by I wish also to express my appreciation of the steadfast service, the delegates of both that our presence was the most interesting incident of executiveskill and splendid never-failing co-operation of Mrs. Owens, the conventions, which lacked their former excitement owing to nomina- Chairman of the Sixth District, Mrs. Clement, Chairman of the Seventh tions being taken to the primaries. Every party has given the strongest District, Mrs. Shuler, Chairman of the EighthDistrict, Mrs. Osterhe14 156 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 157 Chairman of the Ninth District, Miss Watson, Chairman of the Twelfth District, who have superintended their Districts since the organization of Another form of work which has occupied the State Association and the Committee. Mrs. Paddockof the Fourth District, a later Chairman, the affiliated leagues during the whole of theyear is the canvassing of has done andis doing excellent work. Three Districts-the Sixth,the voters by wards and towns. The ward campaign work was inaugurated Third, and the, Eleventh, have lost their Chairmen through illhealth, by Miss Pierson and Miss Gregory last November. The organizers spent and have none at this time. weeks in the larger cities planning out these ward campaigns and training To one and all whohave helped, I express my personal gratitude ; theworkers to undertakethe actual canvassing. In the smaller places to those who havedone nothingor little the cause extends -a calf to the workwas very generally undertaken by the local leagues and Miss service. Some of us can work no harder the corning year than we have Piersonand Miss Gregory responded to manycalls for help and in- the last, but as there must be more and ever more work done, it follows formationas to the best waysof conducting the canvasses, This work that there must be more workers. It is always a glorious thing to work is preparatory to the popular vote which must be taken after the legis- for a great cause. It is a blessed privilege to labor for womansuffrage lative stages of amendment are completed, as well as preparatory to the inthe EmpireState for when New Yorkis won theUnited States is recent election, when Representatives were chosen to the Legislature, won; when theUnited States is won, the civilized world will soon fol- The most noticeable growth during the past year has been its spread low. Come on, fight on, thetriumph over worn-out tradition lies just into counties which were previously almost untouched by suffrage propa- ahead I ganda. Inthe early summer an automobile campaignwas planned to GERTRUDEF. BROWN,President. cover Windham andTolland counties. There were thentwo leagues in Windham County and none inTolland County.Miss Emily Pierson and Miss Gregory, the Organizers, with a band of campaigners, covered CONNECTICUT every town in these two counties, arousing much enthusiasm for woman suffrage and bringing about the formation later of leaguesin a number Woman Suffrage Association of thetowns in both counties. Owing to Miss Pierson’s good management and to the help forth- As the main object of the Connecticut Woman Suffrage Association is to obtain votes for women in Connecticut, the principal achievement coming locally, there was amargin over of the money raised forthe of the Association during the past year must be reckoned to be the great campaign in these two counties, and by the aid of fresh contributions a step onward towardthe amendment of theState Constitution through shortbut vigorous campaign was carried outin MiddlesexCounty. At the adoption of awoman suffrageplank in the Democratic party plat- the close of these campaigns bothorganizers left Connecticut for well- form. As the Progressives,Prohibitionists and Socialistshad already earned vacations, and since their return they have arranged for a series endorsed woman suffragethere is now left only the Republican party of “little campaigns,” each lasting for afull week, centering around which has failed to see the, signs of the times and to declare for progress some of the cities andlarger towns. Several of these campaigns have that is demanded by the nation. already been carried out and this work is being continued as long as auto- mobile travel countryroads is possible. Just recently, thanks to the Much hard work and much careful organization went into plans for on bringing pressure on the political party conventions. In this work the generosity of Mrs. Landers, of New Britain, whopledged to give $2,000 officers ofthe State Association were nobly backed by the leagues and forthe salary and expenses, a third organizer has been added tothe by individual suffragists.Thousands of letterswere written to mem- ‘staff of workers, Miss Isabella Sandersof Illinois, who has already bers of the State Central Committees, to members of theparty conven- done excellent work in connection withthe Little Campaigns. Inregard to National work-work towardsthe enfranchisement of tions and to prospective candidates before the endorsement of the Demo- women by amendment of the United States Constitution, Connecticut has cratic Convention was secured. Women responded tothe call of the cooperated with the National Association and the Congressional Union State.President and patientlywaited upon the Republican Convention by sending a delegation of working women last February to Washington in New Haven and the Democratic Convention in Hartford, to show their to wait upon President Wilson, and put the case of the women before earnestdesire for the ballot. Muchstill remains tobe done to hold him; and by organizinga magnificent parade in Hartford which took the Democratic partyto its pledge, thatit will submitthe question to place simultaneously with similar parades and other suffrage demonstra- thevoters of theState, but the C. W. S. A. lookshopefully forward tions all Over the country on May 2nd. In this work the State Association to the taking of the first step in the long and. tedious process of consti- was again nobly backed by the local leagues. tutional amendment during the coming winter. Connecticut sent help individually to Nevada and generally tothe other campaign States through the National Association. A special Melt- 158 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 159

ing Pot fund was raised in the State and the proceeds forwarded to the FLORTDA National Treasury. Equal Franchise League The Annual Convention of the C. W. S. A. was held in Hartford October 22 and 23. There were few changes in the personnel of the The Florida Equal Franchise League came into existence full-fledged Board of the Association as aresult ofthe elections. Nominations in June, 1912. A meeting wascalled at the residence of Mrs. Herbert were fromthe floor, but in every case onlyone nomination was forth- Anderson of Jacksonville byherself and Mrs. Eagan both of that city, coming and the elections ofofficers were carried unanimously. At this and the telephone invitation was responded to by about thirty ladies. Convention of about 120 women nearly $12,000 was raised for the year’s Short talkswere made by many of those present, and an organization was the result. Knowing how the men of the smaller towns shrank from work. We raised and spent last year nearly $19,000. the word Suffrage, the league adopted the name of Florida Equal KATHARINEHOUGHTON HEPBURN, President. Franchise. Mrs. Eagan was thefirst president, but left the city shortly afterwardfor Paris, and the duties znd responsibilities fell upon the vice presidentand the other officers. How well they fulfilled those duties the following report willshow. Through the courtesy of the owners of alarge new office building THE DISTRICT COLUMBIA OF a League room wasopened, literature obtained, and regular monthly State Equal Suffrage Association meetings were held, With the first novelty of Suffrage to inspire cur- iosity the meetings were largely attendedand a membership of forty- The District of Columbia does not cover much territory, but is irn- five was enrolled. portant as a political center. We have no suffrage of any kind-we are the In the fall of 1912 a meeting of The National Child Labor Conven- National Capitol-and so for the present, at least, are as equals in the tion brought to Jacksonville two prominent suffrage workers. Mrs. hands of the Government, men,women, insane and idiots all the same. Florence Kelly ofN. Y. and Miss Jean Gordon of New Orleans, whom’ The StateEqual Suffrage Association isadelegate body, with four we solicited for an evening of suffrage talk. Imagine our surprise auxiliaries, and about four hundred paid-up members. Two of our when both the Board of Trade andthe Woman’sClub declined to auxiliaries belongto, and are, active members of the Federation of rentto us their auditoriums for a suffrage meeting. We secured an Women’sClubs. Our Laws concerning women and children are fairly adjoining room toour headquarters, opened the door between, and good but we are wholly dependent upon the Congress of the United althoughthe evening wasinclement, the two rooms were crowded with States for any changes we may wish to make. A number of Organiza- men and women to hear the reasons for the emancipation of woman. thus was the first Suffrage Mass Meeting held in native state tions are working for Suffrage in the District-when they come out plainly And my of Florida, I as vice-president of the Florida EqualFranchise and say no limitations as regards sex, we work with them, otherwise and League had the pleasure of presiding. weoppose them. When Suffrage is granted to the District of Columbia, In April 1913 the legislature met. As it meets every two years, it must come without any sex limitations. theLeague realized that the plain duty was the presentation of an Surely today, asnever before, we arethankful we are Americans, amendment to the constitution of Floridagranting to one half of her and we would like to see the Capitol of our Country well governed Caucasian population their inherited right of full citizenship. A bill in every respect, but its government depends upon the representatives was prepared, the assistance of the National Association was solicited, that come to Congress from yourvarious states. If your men and the ExecutiveBoard of the League went to Tallahassee, and had with women have not received good and wholesome education at home, they them Miss Jeanette Rankin, a field worker forthe National Suffrage comepoorly equipped for the Nationalwork to be laid upon them. If Association. The House of Representatives decided to hear us in a YOU want a cleancountry-send to Congress clean men-if you want committee of the whole, at an evening session. ln thiscase it meant an honest, upright Government, send in the men and women to make the whole House of Representatives, the whole Senate, andthe whole it SO. If YOU wantyour sons and daughters ‘to travelin safety from town. Seats were filled, aisles were filled, the steps of the Speaker’s Sandy Hook to Seattle-send inthe right kind of men and women to rostrum were filled, windows had people standing in them, andin the nake and carry into effect good andrighteous laws. hall as far as one could see, people were standing on chairsto hear thefirst call for the rights ofwomen, ever uttered inthe Capitol of CARRIE E. =NT, President. the State. 160 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FOR TY-SIXTH CONVENTION FORTY-SIXTH 161 Four women andthree men spoke, thevote of the committee was publicly called at the close of the speaking, and our bill passedinto the These four achievements have served to place Suffrage prominently House of Representatives without recommendation, but it passed. beforethe people of Florida, and the League feels justly proud of the Weary days and weeks of waiting, timewasted on petty legislation, pioneer work. House members going home for week-ends and not returning for Monday The League now has newquarters,. as Mr. Heard, president of the work, kept us still waiting. At length the bill was called, the vote being HeardNational Bank, has courteously given the use of a large front 26 to 38. Not a bad showing for a pioneer movement. room on the first office floor of the Bank building, and the League has As we wereleaving for our homes on Saturday eveninga Senator hadpainted on one front window “FloridaEqual Franchise League,” said, “Ladies, ifyou will come into the Senate wewill show those men and on theother “Votes For Women.” Nearly every man in the city how to treat ladies.” So we went back on Monday, andwere fortunate passes the buildingevery day, asit is in theheart of the banking in having forour sponsor Senator Cone of Columbia Co., the leader district, and near the Post Office. of the Senate. He took upour bill, placed it on the special calendar, Cakesales and collections, private sacrifices and constant effort, and advised us in our procedure, the bill having come intothe Senate have combined to place Suffragein large lettersbefore the people of with recommendation. Again the wearywaiting, thepetty legislation, Florida,and to place Florida in the list of campaign states. the filibustering of the corporationmembers andthe whiskey men, Miss Safford of the OrlandoSuffrage Association spent three days when at lasta motion to indefinitely postpone wascarried by one at Tallahasseeassisting us inour legislative campaign, and the weeks majority, 15 to 16, thesixteenth man being one who had been with us of patientwaiting and assistance, kindly advice and judicious effort of from the first. When I asked him why he deflected fromour standard Miss JeanetteRankin of theNational Association we willever cherish he replied, “I decided thatthe bill would call forth a long debate, and as a woman’s work for the good of her fellow woman. We hope to have that it would waste time and money.” I replied, “Will you please tell me Miss Rankin with us again in the spring of 1915. whose time and whose money would be wasted?Do not the women Of Hilda of Whitby it was said, “Her prudence was so great that of Florida pay as much taxas the men of thestate? Does not the not onlyindifferent persons but even kings and princes, as occasion money of the women goto pay forthe time spentin legislation? Is offered, asked and received her advice.’, The Florida Equal Franchise it not the time and the money of the women of Florida as well as the League is determined to spare no effort to return to the Hildas of this time and the money of themen?” He reallyhad notthought of the day the usurped right of full citizenship. women having anypart in the money of thestate treasury. FLORENCEMURPHY COOTZY, President. Hundreds of letters have been written by the president and secretary ofthe league, replying to inquiries,inciting suffrage work, and doing all possible tofurther suffrageenlightenment andsuffrage work in GEORGIA Florida. Equal Suffrage Party ThisLeague affiliated with the NationalWoman’s Suffrage Asso- ciation shortly afterit was organized, and now aspresident of the The Equal Suffrage Party of Georgia is the youngest of the three League I am also a member of the Political Equality Club of N. Y. and state associationsin Georgia, having been organized during the present of the Southern StatesSuffrage Conference of NewOrleans. year. It was formed inJanuary under the name of the Eighth Ward July 3rd, 1914, the League published an edition of “The State,” Committee of Atlanta and was macle a state organization with its a weekly paper owned by prominent politicians of Florida,the two present namein March last. Mrs. Emily C. McDougald was elected editors having called upon me and offered me the edition on condition president. that I would edit it. Mrs.Medill McCormick tookan interest in our . The Georgia legislature metin the summer anda suffrage bill publication, andsent to us for two weeks Miss Engleof Maryland, was introduced into a House Committee but was lost by one vote. Later who had had some newspaper experience, and ‘whowas most helpful. it was introduced into a Senate Committee and was lost by 4 votes. The League has received letters of ‘congratulationfrom every state in Better success is hoped for next yearas the work this winter promises the Union upon thisSuffrage issue, andwe feel thatit was a grand to be effective. piece of suffrage propaganda.A copy of the paper wasput into the On July 29th, a special convention was called to thoroughly reorgan- hands of every Senatorand House Member in Florida, as well as ize theparty to meet its expanding needs. A new constitution along those seeking office. It was alsosent to Florida’s representatives at the lines of successful northern associations was adopted. A distinction, Washington, and widely circulated. hithertonot clearlydrawn, was made between the state party and the Atlanta Branch. A much larger staff of officers was elected. 162 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 163

From thistime it was possible totake up thesuffrage work more was made president. The party has secured a charter under the laws systematically owing tothe aid offered by Mrs. W. G. Raouland Mrs. of Georgia, and ispreparing for an aggressive state-wide Suffrage Mary Raoul Millis, of Atlanta. Mrs. Raoulgave a roomin her house campaign. The Georgia Woman’s Suffrage Association is taking part in to be used asan office and Mrs. Millis agreedto keep the office open the Buy-cotton-goods movement. Mrs. E. T. Martin, of Macon, is during the morning. Chairman of the Suffragists’ Cotton Campaign Committee, and is planning The work has progressedrapidly andin a most encouraging way. very effective workalong this line. The bale of cotton purchased by McLendonwith money furnished by the Anna HowardShaw The object of thestate party is to form a Branch association in every r Mrs. county-the largest town tobe Headquarters for the Branch and re- Buy-a-bale fund occupies a prominent place inthe lobby of the Ansley sponsible forthe growth ofsentiment throughoutthat community. Six Hotelin Atlanta. Branches have affiliated withthe state party and more are organizing. Atthe request of Mrs. McLendon, Hon. Barry Wright, of Rome, In all there are 801 members but the membership is rapidly increasing. last June introduced into the Legislature a bill to enfranchise the women The Fulton & DeKalb Counties Branch (Atlanta is situated in these of Georgia, and for the first time in the history of ourState the counties) is by far the largest local association and it is to this Branch Suffragists were given a hearing before the Committee on Constitutional thatthe Equal SuffrageParty of Georgia owes itsorigin and progress Amendments. The brilliantaddress of Mrs. William Felton, of Carters- , up to the present time. ville, onthat occasion, created great enthusiasm, and waswidely and Mr. Carroll Payne, one of Atlanta’s well-known lawyers, has recently favorably commented upon by the press of the State. A vote to bring lenta store onaprincipal streetto be used asan office. This has the bill beforethe House ofRepresentatives resulted in a tie, which greatly facilitated matters. A number of other prominent men and women was consideredin the light of victory by the Suffragists, at this first in Georgia have expressed their sympathy andinterest in suffrage. It hearing granted the advocates of political equality for men and women. isfelt that we have made a good beginning andgreat success is an- Thelaw makers of Georgia werekept well supplied with Suffrage ticipated. literature,During 1914 theState Association has distributed about EMILYC. MCDOUGALD,President. 40,000 pages of leaflets, fliers, etc. ThePress Committee is not so well organized as wehope to have itin the near future. About twelve GEORGIA of the leading newspapers of the State are kept regularly supplied with local andother Suffrage news. TheState Convention the Georgia Woman’s Suffrage Association of Woman’s Suffrage Association was held inAtlanta on July 21-22. Mrs. The progress of the Woman’s Suffrage movement in Georgia during M. L. McLendon was the unanimous choice of the Association for 1914 has been mostgratifying. The Georgia Woman’s Suffrage Associa- president. Theother officers of the Association areas follows: Honorary . tion has more than doubled its membership duringthe past year, our Vice-president, Madeline John SevierWyly ; First Vice-president, Mrs. membership at present being well over one thousand. Of these, about E. T. Martin,Macon; Second Vice-president, Mrs. Jonte DeJournette, five hundred are dues paying. Rome ; CorrespondingSecretary, Mrs. Amelia R. Woodall, Atlanta; During 1914, 275 meetings have been held by theauxiliaries of the Treasurer, Mrs. Alice C. Daniels, Atlanta; Recording Secretary, Miss State Association; five open air mass meetings were held duringthe Katharine Koch, Atlanta; Auditor, Mrs. Wm. Felton, Cartersville; Coun- summer months, and proved a most effective form of propaganda work. sel, Leonard J. Grossman, Atlanta. Suffrage flower festivals were held in Macon and in Rome. The Macon TheSuffrage campaign work planned duringthe Convention is Woman’s SuffrageAssociation put on the play, “HOWthe Vote Was being carried on, and while our progresshere in Georgia mayseem Won.” TheAtlanta Equal Suffrage Associationconducted for two slow, when comparedwith that of the States of theNorth and East, weeks a “Votes for Women Cooking School,” which met with flattering we have only to look back a few years and see how the prejudice with success. The RomeWoman’s Suffrage Association is at present con- which Woman’s Suffrage has been regarded in the South is being over- ducting a series of Suffrage musicales and teas, and find this a splendid come, to be convinced that votes forthe women of Georgia will be a method ofspreading Suffrage sentiment andgaining members forthat organization. realization of the near future. To enlarge the scope ofthe State work, there wasorganized in Thattwenty years ago Suff rage was aforbidden subject at tem- Atlantalast February“The Woman’s Suffrage Party, Inc.,” of Georgia, perancemeetings in our State, andthat today at thegreat National branch ofthe Georgia Woman’s Suffrage Association.Mrs. McLendon Convention of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, being held at FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 165 164 PROCEEDINGS OF THE

, It has been ayear of watchfulwaiting and wakeful watching. present in Atlanta, our President,Mrs. M. L. McLendon, has been Duringthis year of stress of anxiety many women never seemed invited to welcome the temperancehosts in behalf of the Suffragists, to have the slightest realization of true conditions, orthat the liberty proves the onwardmarch of the “Votes forWomen” sentiment. which had been given to the women of, Illinois mightbe taken away from them. It was better perhaps to fosterthis blind confidence. MARYL. MCLENDON,President. In the Spring,those opposing us said, “Women down the State are voting because theyare interested in local option andnot much else, but there will not be 25,000 women who will register in Chicago. Just ILLINOIS wait for Chicago and see whata depressing effectthe poor vote will Equal Suffrage Association have onthe SupremeCourt, forthe Courtnaturally desires to sec some public sentiment on this question.” A year ago, the suffrage bill had passed in Illinois, but still over It was vitally necessary therefore to center our efforts onChicago. us hung the shadow of dread uncertainty. The suffrage law had not been Every local organizationin the city worked for registration, and not pronounced constitut.iona1 by the final tribunal-the SupremeCourt of 25,000 but over 200,000 women registeredlast spring in Chicago, and Illinois. they turned out afterwards in goodly numbers to vote. Very soon after our last Convention the law was attacked-attacked On May 2d wehad the suffrage procession. The Governor and simultaneously in different partsof the State. Mayor sat side by side and reviewed the procession. The City Govern- OurState Board immediately .tookmeasures for the defense of ment sent us word that we weregoing to have not the ordinary body the law. A special committeewas appointed by theBoard consisting guard given toordinary processions but the mounted beauty squad, of thePresident, First Vice-president, andthe Legislative Chairman. which is always broughtout when the President of the United States The duty of this Committee was tosecure counsel forthe defense of visits Chicago. So the way forour suffrage procession was cleared the law and stand on the watchtower, andnever for one moment by this magnificent company of mounted policemen headed by the Chief relax its vigilance untilthe law was pronouncedconstitutional. of Police himself. Nearly 15,000 women and men representing all parties This committee aftercareful consideration and consultation with andall classes and all creeds marched down Michigan Boulevard, and leading men and women of all parties, finally decided upon, and secured hundreds of thousands of people lined both sides of the way forover as counsel for the defense of thesuffrage law, John J. Herrick, one of a mile and one-half. the most trustedand respected lawyers in Illinois and a recognized This aggregation of suffrage forces on May 2d was another valuable authority on ConstitutionalLaw, and JudgeCharles S. Cutting, who, in andopportune manifestation of public sentiment. his long career on the bench, had won a reputationfor legal ability Ithas seemed allthis year as if there never wasa moment for and unimpeachable integrityand honor. Our counsel was assisted in relaxation.One big event has followed fast upon another. We began their work by the following able lawyers, Charles H. Mitchell, Counsel , early inthe year to work hardfor the big registration, then came the for the Election Commissioners, and Judge Willard McEwen, whom the Spring election, thenthe parade in May, and in Junethe General Fed- Election Commissioners secured as special counsel in this case, and also eration 0.f Women’s Clubs held its Biennial Convention in Chicago. Judge Isaiah T. Greenacre,representing the Teachers’Federation, and The questionuppermost in the minds of all club women was, Would Joel F. Longenecker. Manyother friends were watching all over thc thePresident of the General Federationrefuse to allow a suffrage state, and reporting conditions to State Headquarters constantly. resolution to be presented, and would the proposition be turned down To defray expenses it was necessary to raise a Defense Fund, and as ithad been inSan Francisco atthe preceding Biennial? Another the First Vice President of the Illinois Equal Suffrage Associationwas question discussed was, if the suffrage resolution were presented, would appointed Chairman ofthis Committee, andit was mainlydue to her it be endorsed by the General Federation itself? faithful and untiring efforts thatthis fund wasraised. The firstletter The StateBoard realizing the delicacy of the suffrage condition sentout was forDefense alone, butthis did not bring in a sufficient in Illinois, withthe SuffrageLaw still inthe hands of theSupreme amount. Otherletters were sent out afterwards asking for funds to be Court,knew that it was vitally important to have the suffrage question used fordefense and organization work. Enough money was raised to given favorable consideration by this Convention. Forthat reason the cover all extra clerical workánd legal expenses, which had accrued. Nota penny ofthis money has ever been used forgeneral expenses StateBoard appointed the President of theIllinois Equal Suffrage and the balance left in the’treasury will be used for organizationwork Association to look after the suffrage interests. next year. 166 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 167

The General Federation Board appointed aspecial committee to We are now able to report 10,577. For each of these we have a card bear- confer with the Illinois State President. Every courtesy and kindness ing the original signature at State Headquarters. Of the 120 counties of was extended by the General Federation Presidentand the officers of Kentucky we have completely organized suffrage leagues in 64; partiab the General Federation Board. , A resolution was prepared and was sent organized leagues, (a chairman, and rollof members) in twenty-three; to the Committee on Resolutions and on June 13th itwas endorsed a roll of members butas yet no local organizationinthirty-two by the General Federation. By an extraordinary coincidence that same counties;and but one county in the state, Casey County, in which we day word came that the Supreme Court of Illinois had pronounced the have no “signed and sealed”believer in woman suffrage. That does suffrage law constitutional. The Illinois Equal Suffrage Association had not mean that there are none in Casey County; the woods in Kentucky already planned a Banquet on that evening to be given in honor of are full of convincing and instinctive suffragists. Allthat wehave to the General Federation. All of theseevents came at an opportune do is to reach them and to offer them a tangible method of coming moment, and this great Banquet became historicin its significance, and out and standing for the truthto have them do it. it was transformed into a’Banquet of Thanksgiving, where a thousand women and men gave expression totheir joy over these two great Organizers SeczweNearly Five Thousortd Members. victories. Our summer’s work shows this. Since March we havehad an Almost immediately after the decision of theSupreme Court, an organizer loaned us by Mrs. Medill McCormick, Chairman of .the appealwas made by our opponents for a rehearing,and not until Congressional Committee of the National Woman’s Suff rage Association. October 7th, when the SupremeCourt refused togrant a rehearing, For parts of the summer, varying fromthree weeks to two months, was the suffrage law really safe. we have had five otherorganizers: their principal work has been to The onlyway to repeal the law now would be by securing a address teachers‘ institutes and occasional citizens’ meetings, In answer majority vote of both Houses of theLegislature at Springfield. to the invitations extended at these meetings 4,720 persons have signed The law will never be repealed. It would be utterly impossible to membership cards. find 77 men in the House and 26 men in theSenate who would vote Ninety-four counties were covered by suffrage speeches made at the for a repeal of the suffrage law, and by so doingdeliberately court teachers’institutes and fifty citizens’meetings were addressed by our political annihilation and political oblivion forever. organizers. Forty-eight full organizations were effected by them, and Ourtotal receipts for the past year have been $20,283.63, andtotal fourteen semi-organizations. This work was done at an expense tothe expenditures including moneypaid out for defense of the bill, self State Association of approximately $400.00 for salariesand $400.00 for denial fund, parade’fund, etc. have been $17,343.74, leavinga balance expenses. in the treasury of $2,939.89. Of thisamount $2,011.93 being Defense Fund, which is, now thatthe bill is safe, an organization fund. The Work for SchoolElectiotcs. moneywas collected for Defense and Organization. In addition to our work forfull suffrage, our local leagues have We have increased our organization this year over fifty per cent, done much work to increase the interest of women in the schools. and now have over one hundred and thirty-five affiliated associations, Betweenten and twenty thousand leaflets on the school law weresent and expect to have the organization by Congressionaldistricts, and outlast summer from State Headquarters tothe local leagues for perhaps by Senatoria1 districts established throughout the State this year. distributionin the country districts before the school trustee elections. Our work for the coming year willbe to push organization work Splendid work was doneby the Louisville Woman Suffrage Association throughout theState. in re-electing the members of their non-partisan School Commission. GRACEWILBUR TROUT. Legislative Work. A bill drawn by Mr. R. A. McDowell of Louisville was presented KENTUCKY in the last legislature: it did not pass. The two amendments to the Equal Rigbts Association State Constitution previously voted by the people and not properly ad- vertised by the Secretary of State were repassed and only two can be In November, 1912 when-to quote -I had“the honor passed by anyone legislature. But these gainswere made :-a special and the pain” to be elected president of the Kentucky Equal Rights committee on woman suffrage was appointed in the House (a thing Association there were 1779 members, with organizationsin eleven worked for butnot yet obtained in the lower house of Congress), to counties. In November, 1913, we were able toreport 4655 members. which the bill was referred. Both this committee andthe Senators’ 168 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 169

committee reported the bill out and reported it favorably-a thingthat Congressiofla1 Work. I believe has never happened beforein Kentucky. Ofthe thirteen- members of these two committees but two members voted against a favor- Mrs. Murray Hubbard, now of Newport,was appointed Congres- able reportand one voted toreport onlywithout favorable expression. sional Chairman for Kentucky, on the request of the National Con- Hearings on suffrage were granted by the House of oneand one half gressional Committee for such an appointment.Mrs. Hubbard reports hours, by theSenate of one hour. The members of both houses were that . she has so far secured chairmen forfour of our Congressional invited to attend each of these hearings and most of them did attend. districts only, but much pure suffrage propaganda has beendone in the The House was addressed by Miss Laura Clay and myself; the Senate state through Mrs. Hubbard’s work. by Dr. S. P. Breckinridge ofChicago. CottonMovement and Child Labor. At considerable expense headquarters were maintained at the Capitol Hotel throughout the legislative session, with one or more of our workers To aid the cotton movement, the Kentucky EqualRights Associa- always in attendance. Much educational work was accomplished thereby. tion has bought a bale o€ cotton, as have other Southern states with This report would not be complete without acknowledgment of the the fund furnished by Dr. Shaw. In addition a resolution has been great services rendered us by the Hon. John G. Miller of Paducah who adopted urging everyone of the ten thousand members to buy a bolt presented our suffrage bill in the Lower Houseand ably spoke for it, of cotton in order to relieve the market and get the bales moving again, and by Senator J. H. Durham, of Franklin, who presented it in the Each local league has also been asked to make a “cotton party” the Senate. means both of helping the cotton movement and raising funds for suffrage. And last but not least, they have calledupon the cotton manufacturers Pm’nlary Law. to abolish the blot of child labor from the industry in the South, if they Amendments to the new primary law were obtained that leave no desire the mothers of Southern children to stand by the cotton industry. doubt in the future of a woman’s right to vote in the primary election for County Superintendent. Thisright was not onlyin doubt the year Suffrage Work at Fairs. before, but was denied in many counties. A favorable opinion of the By the courtesy of the Kentucky Federation ofWomen’s Clubs we Court of Appeals was obtained, but the new primary law, if unamended, were allowed to use their tent at the State Fair as headquarters of our wouldhave abrogated this right, orat best leftit again doubtful. suff rage work. One day was specially featured by our women as suffrage . Propaganda Through Literature. day. Headquarters were maintained at the Blue-Grass Fair, by the courtesyof the Lexington Herald, inits tent. Suffrage work was done . Trialfour months’ subscriptions were sent to all candidates to the at anumber of other fairs and also at the Chautauquas. Legislature of 1914, throughthe generosity of Mrs. S. M. Hubbard. At ahalf a dozen of the Chatauquas suffrage addresses from Mrs. They have also been sent to forty-three newspaper editors who have Grace WilburTrout Chicago were providedby the management promised to clip from theJournal and publish, andto fifty-seven of In presidents or chairmen of local leagues, and five persons designated by each place our suffrage workers made the most of organization for the distribution of literature and getting signatures to membership cards. them who were not subscribers. A littlemore than a dollar’s worth of literatureand sample copies of the Woman’s Journal have been ThePresident Pleads Guilty. presented by the State Association to each of our eighty-seven one I must admit that my duties as member of the National Board have local leagues, in addition to much literature distributed by our organizers absorbed some of the time that would otherwise havebeen given to and sent out from headquarters by mail to individual requests. suffrage work in Kentucky. But on the other hand I believe material Work for CampaignStates. gains have accrued to Kentucky from this connection.Notably, the Kentucky suffragists have not worked for themselves alone. $587.65 organizer provided for Kentucky for several months by the chairman was sent to the campaign states, either throughthe National Campaign of the National Congressional Committee. States Committee or directly to Nevada and Ohio. These contributions A gift of $500.00 was made byMrs. O. H. P. Belmont on the represented 31 leagues or individuals. In addition melting-pot contribu- condition that it should be duplicated and it wasduplicated by Mrs. tions were sent by a number of local leagues. S. M. Hubbard, of Hickman. Day, May Znd, was observed by twenty-odd Though your president has in the year made some thirty-two suffrage localleagues, at least seven having out-door meetings and parades. On addresses outside the state, including work in the campaign states, she the next Sunday many ministers preached sermons on woman suffrage. can count only the following to her credit in Kentucky: address to the 170 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 171 teachers of the first district and forthe suffrage league at Paducah, We celebrated last May The Second all day most extensively, easily various efforts atFrankfort during the Legislature, addresses at Mt, securing the co-operation of all business houses in decorating the city Sterling, Harrodsburg, Winchester, Georgetown, Lexington, Covington, as well as securing places on programs of all moving picturetheatres, Owensboro; Henderson, Hopkinsville, Bowling Green, Glasgow and winding up with an openmass meeting on the Boulevard, permission Nicholasville. -Very much more time has been given in the office and in having beengiven for the use of “Band Stand” by the city officials as arranging for anddirecting the work of theorganizers, well as police protection, meetingbeing presided over by theMayor Votes for Kentucky Women in 1917. and addressed by Dr. W. O. Scroggs, of Louisiana State University, a We shall again presenta billin the legislature of1916. We expect leading Sociologist of this country. We sold ‘rJournals” on the day to win; we intend to win. We will go to avote of the people in 1917. appointed to raisefunds to help the campaign states. Kentucky will be a free state,and we shall be voting citizens in 1918. Our best work weconsider to have been legislative, having the If every woman in Kentucky does her duty from now until the election opportunity of establishing a stationary committee atthe state capital of1917 we can not fail. If any one of you failsto do your full duty, who gave very keen and careful study to the situation and wkre in we may fail, for suffrage cannot be won in Kentucky by the work of one readiness for any suggestions received from the members of Louisiana person or a dozen persons or a few hundred persons. It must be done Legislature who were so earnestly pressing the “Woman Suffrage Bill” by all of our thousands of believers working faithfully and conscientiously, or “House Bill No. 48by Mr.Manion.” Indeed we were met with avery fair and favorable general attitude in the legislature, thebill We have bigforces to overcome, andthe interest - of these is con- servatism, or mental inertia, whichsome one has saidis the strongest being favorably reported out of committee, and a majority vote secured force in human affairs. in the “House” of sixty to forty, seventy-nine or two-thirds being re- For the value to the state of their service and for the credit of the quired ; which result taught us that a little more educational effort followed state, we desire to see Kentucky women free. Forthe credit of our by united legislative effort isthe only work before us. men,we desire them to lead thestates of theSouth in this finalde- Since the formation of our league there has been a wave of Suffrage velopment of Democracy, as in the old days they led the Nation when activity, two State Organizations having sprung forth from the old first of the states of this Union, they granted manhood suffrage to membership of what was the New Orleans Era Club, known forits white men. civic and welfarework in thestate for years, and embracing suffrage MADELINEBRECKINRIDCE, President. in its activities, and represented byMiss Gordon inthis department. We have been appealed to by both the new State organizations to affiliate with them, but have thought it necessary to remain independent. LOUISIANA We have always endorsed the Federal Amendment, having forwarded Equal Suffrage League telegrams to Louisiana members of Congress from time to time and having received from Senator Ransdell assurance as early asJune 1913 In March, 1913, being impelled with a desire to see a purely Suffrage thathe expected to support the “18thAmendment,” in response to a organization created in Louisiana, to which might belong, and give I telegram from Later when a New Orleans paper published thatin the proportion ofmy time and thoughts hitherto given to Civic and us. response to a telegram from Mr. Ransdell enquiring asto the policy Philanthropic associations, started out, by phoning to find out if enough I of the“State Association,” one of the Misses Gordon of the Era Club ‘‘Suffragists” couldbe found in the city of BatonRouge toform a had answered that the “State Association” was opposed to or not working league. About fifteen women responded and with little difficulty the for the Federal Amendment. The Louisiana Equal Suffrage League then movement flashed forth into activity at the State Capitol, The Louisiana hastened to send another telegram to Mr. Ransdell signed by themselves Equal Suffrage League being the result, with a membership extending and a number of the leading citizens of the state, reiterating their policy throughout the surrounding country, the Sixth Congressional District of working forthe Federal Amendment and earnestly urginghis con- of Louisiana. tinued support of the Amendment.And we all know that Ransdell With the raising of nearly four hundred dollars by getting ($400.00) did vote “Aye” on the Amendment. out a Special SuffrageEdition of a local paper, we attaineda good As soon asour membership reached two hundred we made appli- start financially as well as inthe way of popularizing “the cause.” We cation for affiliated membership in the National American Woman Suf- have established elaborateheadquarters in the Capital City, kept open frage Association and were admitted as an affiliatedmember with always, greatly convenient to suffragists visiting the legislature orat representation in the present Nineteen Fourteen Convention. any time and and asa rest room for country women visiting the city, MATTIEBELL SINGLETARY, President. 172 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVE~TION 173 LOUISIANA Woman Suffrage Party the officers of the State League disbanded, passing the following resola- The Woman SuffragePar@ of Louisiana records a growthof a tion : hundred members during the past year making a total of 934; this party “Inasmuch as the necessity for a separate State Organization, which performed a preponderance of the work which broughtthe Suffrage was the reason for the formation of the Equal FranchiseLeague, has bill before thestate legislature in June of thecurrent year, said bill been removed by the revision of the Constitution of the National being brought by Representative Manion of NewOrleans, who is a Woman Suffrage Association, which now provides for the direct affilia- member of our legislative Committee. The bill passed the house by tion of any woman’s suffrage league, numbering twohundred members a majority of 60 to 40, a .splendid majority but it required a two-thirds or more, and that the Equal Suffrage League of Baltimore desires such vote to carry. direct affiliation, the executive board of the State Equal Franchise TheWoman Suffrage Party inaugurated the open air meetings in League of Maryland unanimously decided to disband the organization. the parks, in afternoons, and night, also the talks at the noonhour at The board, before disbanding, desires to express to our NationalPresi- the textile mills where it distributed the Woman’s Journal. dent, AnnaHoward Shaw, its loving devotion and appreciation of her This Party celebrated the sacrifice day August 15 in honor of generalship, helpfulness and courtesy to this League during its existence. Lucy Stone, and also held rally in New Orleans, La., and in Monroe, “Signed on behalf of the Board, latter being held by Mrs. E. B. Ward,Parish chairman. About three “ANNEW. JANNEY, Sec. pro tem.” thousand Journals were handled in the state during past year. The Equal Suff rage League proceeded at once to ask for direct Total Meetings held were fifty; of these twelve were outdoor. I The cause of suffrage was brought into the pictureshows by this Party, affiliation with the National Association, and this was granted in the where members talked between reels andsuffrage slogans were thrown prescribed time, so that representation to this convention was allowed. on the screens. In the absence of any report of theState Assocation, whichprob- Three thousand dodgers were distributed. ably hasnot been sent in, we would saythat, together withother The Lucy Stone Brigade formed “sacrifice day” .to sell Woman’s State Associations, we presented abill at the last Legislature, asking Journal on chief thoroughfare in shopping district of New Orleans one for suffragefor womenon the same basis as thatfor .men. This bill day in eachweek. This is the most valuable propagandawork as the received but scant recognition, being voted down by the House at once, cause is thereby brought to the individual, who would not be likely to and never reaching the Senate. The Chairman of the Committee which go to asufirage meeting, catching visitors fromdifferent parts of the considered theSuffrage Bill, atthe hearing given the representatives state, who are in city for shopping orother business and cannot take of the Suffrage League, askedif a bill with an educational qualification time to go to meetings. would be accepted. At this hearing representatives of other State Associationsrefused to compromise on any unqualified bill, but our Association, knowing the unlimited Bill was hopeless, agreed to endorse TheParty bought a bale of cotton forthe National Association a bill with educational qualification, as proposed by this Chairman. This from the Anna Howard Shaw “Buy a Bale” Fund. bill was introducedlate in the session, and the motion togive it a It is a non-dues paying organization, organized by political districts, hearingat ,a certain time was granted, but the time never came. So sevenof the eightdistricts of thestate being organized. that on the whole, the year’s work in the Legislature was no more Maintains headquarters, has friendship and support of all local papers encouragingthan that of the two years previous. and of all the papers throughout the state that carry suffrage news. Maryland, having not yet disfranchised the colored people, has a peculiarly difficultproblem when it comes to asking for unqualified wo- JEAN GORDON,President. man’s Suff rage. I cannot close this brief report without some reference to the great loss our League has sustained in the death of its President, Mrs. Wm. MARYLAND M. Ellicott. She organized theLeague and put it on a good, solid’ Equal Suffrage League of Baltimore foundation, when suffrage was an exceedingly unpopular cause, especially The Equal SuffrageLeague of Baltimore was affiliated with the amongst the class of Baltimoreans with whom she mostly associated. State Equal FranchiseLeague of Baltimore until September last, when Her standingin the community, through her excellent public work and her intelligent and sane public utterancesgave a dignity and a respectful hearing to the cause which was of inestimable worth. Nor 174 PROCEEDINGS OF Thk FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 175

was she forgetful of the work still to bedone. By her will the League is provided with an income which will be of greatest assistance to our The Woman’s Welfare League of St, Paul, an organization working labors. She left in the hands of trustees the sum of $25,000, the interest for suffrage and other civic interests, has opened very attractive club rooms. A luncheon every Tuesday, at which visiting celebrities as well of which is to be used by the League untilsuffrage for Maryland hag been obtained. Her approval of the policies of the National Associa- as local workers speak, has become a popular and attractive feature of tion, and herstrong desire to uphold it is well known to youall. It St. Paul life. The Equal Suffrage Association of Minneapolis, an organization is the earnest desire of the officersof the League to continue the work she would wish and to lose nothing of the value her fine example coming into existence a yearago, has opened headquarters and holds as of open meetings and teas every Monday afternoon. of good citizenship. Duluth, Redwood Falls and other towns have suffrageclubs that M. LEM. ELLICOTT,President. are co-operating with theState Association. The ScandinavianClub of Minneapolis has been successful in getting the interest and sympathy MICHIGAN of the Scandinavian newspapers. The suffrage organizations of St. Paul and Minneapolis united in Equal Suffrage Association a 2d of May celebration with massmeetings in b,oth cities, a street StateMotto: Neither Delay nor Rest. meeting and parade in St. Paul at noon and a joint parade in Minneapolis This year we are in shape to carry on much more systematic work. containing two thousand men and women. With funds raised by the We are only recovering from our defeats, and I need not tell yozl what oarade committee, $100 each was sent to North Dakota, South Dakota, an unorganized condition Michigan was in when wewere thrust into and the Congressional Union. campaign. When I undertook the office of President things were in A successful automobile trip undertaken by sixteen St. Paul and a very chaotic state and everybody too tired to work. Now following Minneapolis women, Five towns were visited in four days. Twelve the State Convention at Traverse City, the women seem inspired to meetings including street meetings and conferences wereheld and a great activity. Mrs. Jas. Macpherson of Saginaw is Finance Chairman. number of dinners and luncheonsgiven for the party. If you know her you know that my troubles on that score are ended, The clubs of the twin cities united in working_. at the StateFair She wiI1 use theapportionment plan, gettingten cents from each tax and energetic work was clone at several county fairs. payingwoman asfar as she can. Thereare 100,302 in the state. Dr, In Hcnnepen County a dozenmeetings were heldin legislative Blanche Haines of Three Rivers is Legislative Chairman, and again that districts with a view to influencing voters in favor of desirable candidates work is in very reliable, capable hands with Mrs. Francis E. Burns on forthe legislature. the committee.Mrs. Huntley Russell is First Vice-president and will Effective work was done at the Nonorgian Centennial celebration, a be state organizer. Thestate paper, “The Michigan Suffragist,:’ goes great meeting, lasting several days at theState Fair grounds. now into 66 of the 83 counties. We have set our stakes at 10,000 sub- Many speakers have been heard in Minnesota during the year, among scribers durïng this year. them Mrs. Pankhurst, Rabbi Wise, Harriet Vittern, Theformation of civic study classes will, we believe do much to Benedict, Florence Kelley, Mary Grey Peck and Fola La Follette. bring the women into the ranks of suffrage. We hope very soon to have A petition is now being circulated, several thousand signatures having all the cities of 2,500 organized through these classes. already been sent in, to be presented to the legislature convening in January,asking that our Amendment besubmitted. NELLIESAWYER CLARK, President. CLARAUELAND, President

MINNESOTA . NATIONAL COLLEGE EQUAL SUFFRAGE LEAGUE Woman Suffrage Association The Annual Council Meeting of the National College Equal Suffrage The Political Equality ‘Club, the oldest suffrage club inthe state, League was held at theHotel Hermitage, November11th to 17th in- besides regular monthly meetings, thisyear as for severa1 years past, clusive, 1914, with a roll-call of delegates from the leaguesof Boston, holds legislative luncheons, open to the public, once in two weeks, at New York, Pemsylvania, and Washington, D.C., and the Bryn Mawr which matterspertaining tothe laws of thestate are presented by College Chapter. public officials and candidates for office. The central organization of the National CollegeLeague, as ap- peared from the reports of the officers, has been greatly curtailed ia its FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 177 176 PROCEEDINGS OF THE The first State Conventionwas held inCharlotte on November 9th activities this year, as well asthe preceding, by lack of funds; butthe toloth, andour leading State papers gave us practically twosuffrage officers have kept the organization intact, and provided out of the funds editions. We were receivedwith cordiality, and the Conventionwas in of the Association forits representation inthe Annual Convention of every way a great success. the N.A. W. S. A. . During the year as much press work as possible was done. A Suffrage In the latter part of the year they received contributions and pledges float was prepared for the 20th of May celebration in Charlotte. A from the Board of Directors of the N. C. E. S. L., and some Branches ’ Suffrage Section, the first in the State, wasedited. Fifteen new leagues and individual members of Branches, which enabled them to open Head- were formed. Literature was distributed throughout the State and hun- quarters atThe Educational Building at 70 Fifth Avenue, and to em- dreds of personal letters sent out. ployan Executive Secretary. Since the opening of this officeon October Without the assistance, official, personal, and financial, of the National Ist, several leagues andchapters whichhad been reported disbanded, or Congressional Committee the work could hardly have been carried on. transformed into Civic Leagues, have either been discovered in a flourish- Mrs. McCorrnick’s personal assistance was invaluable. I wish most grate- ing condition, or have reorganized, and at least five new ones are in fully to acknowledge our debt to her. Thework of Miss Engle, the process of organization. The outlook seems promising for alarge in- organizer sent by the National Congressional Committee, was most effec- crease over our present recognized membership of 3512. tive, In general I feel a great deal has beenaccomplished. Public senti- From the Bryn Mawr College Chapter is reported a definite forward ment is being aroused, and our men are with us. step toward the training of suffrage speakers, to cooperate with other MRS. ARCHIBALDHENDERSON, President. organizations, a measure recommended by the vote of the Council of 1913. Washington reportsan increase of membership in theyear from 87 to 234; nine meetings; Contributions to theNational Congressional Committee; to the National College League, andto the expenses of the 1913 Convention; and submits a detailed report on the statusof women as treated in the Graded and High School text books in history year 1914. in the District of Columbia, with recommendations for changes, It was At the annual meeting on Oct.7th, officers for the ensuing year voted to send copies of this report to the Branches. were elected, and the enclosed resolution was adopted. The Pennsylvania League reports active workin the Pennsylvania On Woman’s Independence Day, May Znd, a mass meeting was held campaign, with large contributions in proportion to its quota. atthe Lincoln High School Auditorium. There were approximately a thousand persons present. Three candidates for the United States Senate M. CAREYTHOMAS, President. and nine candidates for the United States House of Representatives made speeches and pledgedthemselves to the support of a national woman’s suffrage amendment. A resolution urging the passage of the NORTH CAROLINA Shafroth amendment was adopted on that occasion. Two other meetings were held at the public Iibrary during the month EqualSuffrage League of October at a which the state amendments voted upon ai our recent The North Carolina Equal Suffrage League was organized one year election were discussed. ago by Miss Suzanne Bynum and Miss Liddell of Charlotte, Mrs. Valen- Respectfully submitted, tine of Virginia assisting in the orgapization. Two hundred names were ESTHERPOHL LOVEJOY, President. secured, and the League became auxiliary tothe National Association. A number of these names, it appeared afterward, were names only. There RHODE ISLAND were in existence at that time two small leagues, and a new one organized Woman Suffrage Association at-the time of the State League organization. The results of the year’s work are. apparently small. The active There has been a decided advance of the Suffrage cause in Rhode work has been done, as is often the case with pioneer work, by two or Island the past year, and the work has developed in many new and inter- three people. Butthe cause is alive to-day inNorth Carolina. The esting phases. The president has been called upon to present the question State realizes that we are there, and it cannot truthfully say that a20 before many influential bodies, religious and secular. The Mothers’ Clubs jouthern women want the vote. 178 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 179 connected with the schools have offered especially effective opportunities TEXAS for propaganda. The Association has given a course of monthly lectures WomanSuffrage Association ‘ on “The Modern Woman” of various countries, that has called out large audiences and increased interest in the international phase of the woman Weare veryglad to be able toreport the prospects for Woman movement. A largeand flourishing WomanSuffrage Party has been Suffrage in Texas as very encouraging. When the new Board of Officers organized as an independent body, with which nearlyall suffragists are was elected atour State Convention in theSpring wedecided to start allied and haveparticipated inthe various forms of propagandathat towork to try to win suffrage in Texasin 1915. We realized that it vigorously prosecutes. The problem presents itself of the loss of this was an enormous and a seemingly impossible task, as the State was some paying members to this non-dues paying organization, but the work so large, andvery little organization work had been done outside of a few of thelarger cities, but we also realized that the general senti- throughout thestate has been quickened andmany adherents to the ment of theState was reasonably friendly to suffrage, that the people cause have been gained throughits activity. At present a union of were very open-minded, and that it was just a question of educating them, all the Suffrageorganizations in the state is under consideration, which So we concluded that ifwe should put sufficient energy and money into would greatly economize effort and increase efficiency. Legislative work thework we would have a chance of winning, and that at least we has been faithfully conducted, butfailed of thedesired end. The re- would go into the work with theidea of winning, and then if outside sponse of our membership tothe financial calls of the National has events, such as conspicuous endorsements or suffrage victories, should been generous andfull cooperation has been given tothe work of the create suffragesentiment in the country at large, we should be in a Congressional Committee. We facethe futurewith courage and per- position totake advantage of it. severance. So, withthis plan in mind, we at once started with a definite pro- ELIZABETHUPHAM YATES, President. gramfor legislative and organization work. We wroteletters to all legislative candidates,and since thePrimary elections in July we have followed up this work with correspondence, and have kept acard cata- logue of members, showing their attitudeto suffrage. We expect to have a Suffrage Bill introducedin our next Legisla- TENN,ESSEE ture, and we have hopes of getting the question submitted to the voters. evidence of the friendly attitudeof our Legislature was the invi- Suffrage Association An Equal tation extendedthis summer by the House of Representatives to our StatePresident to address that body. This ‘invitation came entirely . Tennessee hasnever been very thoroughlyorganized, and some dif- unsolicited, andas a result ofour letters addressedto the legislators. ferences among the members of the organization have led to a division Of course, it will be a new Legislature that will meet in January, and into two groups. Thatpart of theoriginal organization of which Mrs. it is too soon for to speak with certainty of the prospects of getting Crozier-French is President obtained a charterOctober 1914, and us 13, a Suffrage Bill through both houses. One of our strongest supports every effort will be made to organize the state thoroughly according to is the State Federation of Labor, which has made equal suffrage a prefer- our ten Congressional districts. A bill for a constitutional amendment ential measure, the legislative committee of the Federation being heartily will be brought beforeour next Legislature which convenes in Jan- in sympathy with The Governor-elect of the State baspledged him- uary, 1915.* us. self to favor submission. The meeting of the National American Woman Suffrage Association Besides our Legislative work, we have been working definitely to in Nashville thisyear has resulted inthe sowing of seed which will extend our organization to every part of the State. We employed bring forth arich harvest. Forces are to be put in the field togather an organizer during the summer months and had hoped to put onein the up the fruits of the victorious entrance of the National Suffrage forces field this fall, but we have not yet been able to raise sufficient funds. into our Capitol City. It is hoped by this time next year Tennessee will We hope to be able to do so after the first of the year. have an organized forceto work for woman’s freedom, of which we ThePress of the State is verygenerally with us, and is ready at can be justly proud. alltimes to give Suffragea conspicuous place in its columns. We hope L. CROZIER-FRENCH,President. to organize ourPress work v:.ery thoroughly so as to make the most *January 29th the bill passed bothbranches of the Legislature. of this very valuable asset. 180 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 181

Our work in the different Local Organizationshas progressedvery The Self-sacrificeFund, though far smaller than we should have satisfactorily duringthe past year. We now have about 2500 members. liked it to be, was sent to Ohio. Money is the crying need of the hour. Aside fromthe need of aGeneral State Organizer, ourgreatest We have splendid volunteer workers, but we feel that the growth of the lack has been Suffrage lectures by able advocates of the Cause. Although work is hampered by the need of paid systematic workers. We have, we made many efforts this past year to secure speakers, we were unable however, increased our numbers from 4000 to upwards of 6000 in the to do so. We feelthat it would be greatlyto the advantage of the past year. The State Fair yielded us 623 new members-many more were Southernwork if an occasional lecture tour were arranged through the secured at county fairs, Summer Schools, Chautauquas, Summer Resorts, SouthernStates. street meetings, the polling booths on November 3rd, and at parlor meet- ANNETTEFINNIGAN. ings, ward meetings, and mass meetings in public halls. Weare planninga systematic campaign with the 1916 Legislature as our goal, and we hope to change the unlucky number 13 to at least 51, the majority vote in the House when our next Legislature convenes. VIRGINIA LILA MEADEVALENTINE, President. Equal Suffrage League The chief work of the league forthe first half of the year was focused upon the Legislature. A resolutionproposing an amendment’ to WISCONSIN the State Constitution which would give women the vote on equal terms Woman’s Suffrage Association with men was introduced forthe second time, and for the second time went down to defeat,obtaining only thirteenvotes in the House. The Achievements in Wisconsin during the past year include: The con- card index of the members showed morethan twice that number as ception of a great idea. It was Miss Harriet Bain, president of the favorable to suffrage butafraid of their constituents at home-a very KenoshaCounty Suffrage League of Wisconsin, to whom first came strong indication ofthe work cutout for the League in thenext two the inspiration of anational Self-Denial Day. She spoke of it toMrs. years-namely, conversion of a sufficient number of constituents in each Breckinridge, who passed it on to the Executive Board of the National, political district. To this end, we areorganizing by coutzdies as the It was promptly adopted and heraldedthroughout the land. political units, and steadilymaking headway in covering what is really Our Suffrage School held at the state capital for a week in June. ‘ avery big territory. Forty-five out of theone hundred counties have We had adistinguished faculty and special lecturers, including Honor- been reached. able John M. Winslow, chief justice of the Supreme Court of Wisconsin; May 2nd was celebrated in varyingfashion in manyparts of the Gerald R. McDowell, of Michigan; Mrs. Charlotte Perkins Gilrnan, of State, the biggest demonstration being, of course,in Richmond, where New York; Mrs. Desha Breckinridge, of Kentucky; Mrs. Ella S. the portico andsteps of the Capitol weremassed with suffragists,and Stewart, of Illinois; Rev. Olympia Brown and Miss Zona Gale, of Wis- two thousand people listened to suffrage addressesand songs. The consin. The school was practical, helpful, well-attended, much written suffrage edition of “The News-Leader” wassold in the crowd, and also about,cost between threeand four hundred dollars and left $100.00 in on the streets all day, netting us $600.00 for the Richmond League. the treasury after all expenses were paid. The State Treasurer reports the total receiptsfor the year as $2,576.35, The publication of a pamphlet, “Wisconsin Legislators and Home,” this amount being made up of contributions chiefly, and the sum realized giving the vote of every member of the Legislature of1912 on fifty fromthe Suffrage edition above mentioned. measures affecting children, the home, public health, etc., of special inter- The most important steptaken inthe last few months was the estto women. This pamphlet is valuable not only as history but as launching of “TheVirginia Suffrage News,” a monthly paper published prophecy, demonstrating plainly that the women are on guard. atState Headquarters in Richmond, the financial obligations of which The experiment of concentratingheadquarters, the president‘s office areat presentassumed by our correspondingsecretary, Mrs. Alice O. and the office of The Wisconsin Citizen, our state publication, practically

Taylor. Mrs. G. Harvey Clarke, Press Secretary for the State, iseditor- undsr one roof, The plan saves time and strength and promotes efficiency. I in-chief. Contributing editors : Mary Johnston, Kate Langley Bosher, “The Citizen” is now pre-eminently an organ of communication for our Cally Ryland, Carter Wormeley, L. R. Whipple, Sally Nelson Robins, own state work. Mrs. John H. Lewis, and Mrs. Emma Speed Sampson. These are meeting Several months’ organizing, which was fairly effective, We still an imperative need inour State work. search for a magic which shall make organized groups stay organized, 182 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 183 and for a vital spark which shall inspire those who are comfortably certain DELEGATES PRESENT AT CONVENTION that it is “coming anyway.” Alabama E. S. A. Florida E. S. A. The sending out of 13,000 circular letters just before election to voters who were our friends in’1912, asking their favor for the constitutional Pattie R. Jacobs, President Rev. Mary A. Safford, Pres. amendment providing the initiative andreferendum then pending. We Amelia Worthington Mrs. E. E. Saunders did all the work of sending outthe 13,000 letters in a week from our Mrs. Oscar R. Hundley Mrs. John Schnaw little office and plucked the money out of the air to pay for them-that Mrs. M. Humes Mrs. S. V. Thompson is, it came with slight effort from voters whobelieve in the initiative, Alice B. Baldridge The amendment went down inthe tidal wave of reaction whichswept Myrtelle W. Snell Georgia E. S. P. Mary H. Losey ourstate. But it won more votes than most other amendments, it was Eleonore Raoul, proxy for Pres- good propaganda, and it did not cost the treasury one cent, And- Mrs. A. J. Bowron Mrs. Julian Parke ident The organization at Madison of a Business Woman’s Suffrage League, AureliaRoach with an initial membership of 101. Mrs. Angus M. Taylor Mrs. Julia Gillespie THEODORAW. YOUMANS, President. Mrs. Nixon Norris Georgia W. S. A. Frances G. Caldwell Mrs. W. H. Felton, proxy for Mrs. Ida B. Jackson President Mrs. Younte De Journette California W. S, A. Madelaine John S. Wyly Mrs. Rose M. French Mrs. S. D. Halley M. F. Wills Addie Stokes Mitchell Mrs. W. D. Woolwine Katherine Koch Mrs. Thomas Lu Woolwine Mrs. Amelia R, WoodalI Connecticut W. S. A. Mrs. Grace Gallatin Seton Illinois E. S. A. Mrs. HenryWade Rogers Grace Wilbur Trout,President Dr. W. H. Allee Mrs. J. W. McGraw Mr. A. S. G. Taylor Margaret Dobyne Mrs. A. E. S. Taylor EdnaForsyth Mrs. HelenaWeed Alice O’Neal Mrs. H. C. Newton Delaware E. S. A. Mrs. Jane R. Snell Miss MabelVernon Mrs. Laura G. Fixen Mrs. Pearl Ecker Hubbell Mrs. Helen Stewart District of Columbia Mrs. Anna Pranglay Washington W. S. C. Mrs. Julius Loeb Mrs. Glenner S. Tinnin, Pres. Mrs. John R. Gray Virginia Watrous Mrs. W. F. Crummer Ethel M. Smith Mrs. Mary R. Sedwick Mrs. Antoinette Funk Mary T. Dohany Mrs. Elmer Roseberry District of Columbia Flo Sibbett Washington E. B. A. Mrs. Henry L. Pitcher Mrs. Carrie E. Kent Mrs. George R. Wright . 184 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 185 .

Mrs. C. F. Cook Iowa E. S. A. Massachusetts P. E. U. Missouri E. S. A. Mrs. Minnie A. White Mrs. Virginia Branner Helen S. Parker, proxy for Mrs. Walter McNab Miller, Mrs. Flora Estay President President Joanna E. Downes Kansas G. C. L. Anne Withington Mrs. Emily Newel1 Blair Dr. Lucy Waite Mrs.Magdalen B. Munson E. Frances Brown Mrs. J. L. Lowes Mrs. Sanford Houston Delia M. O'Connel1 Levinia Engle Mrs. Charles Nagely Kentucky E. R. A. Eliza R. Whiting Mrs. Spencer K. Oitt ' Mrs. H.Wellington Waldorf Mrs. E. L. Hutchinson,proxy Mary A. Carson Ruth White Mrs. Robert Kohlhammer Leonora S. Little Mrs. J. W. Million Mrs. Villa Cole Case for President Laura Clay Mrs. Morrison Fuller Mrs. John Taylor Cowles Massachusetts W. S. A. Jane Thomson Mrs. L. B. Bishop Mrs. A. G. Weidler Alice Stone Blackwell, President Mrs. GeorgeRudy Mrs. George Bass Mrs. Emma L. Blackwell Montana S. C. C. Mrs. WilliamSeverin Mrs. EdmundPqst Mrs. Florence B. Mayhew Mrs. J. J. VanLauven Mrs. CharlesFirth Mrs. Robert Gould Shaw , President Mrs. E. B. Coolley Mrs. R. A. McDowell Mrs. E; W.Jones Mary E. O'Neill Mrs. Wm. S. Stahl Mrs. W. T. Fowler Mrs. MarionBooth Kelly Mrs. E. G. Clinch Mrs. E. L. Stillman Mrs. JamesBennett Mrs. Francis Peabody Magoun Helen F. Sanders Mrs. C. A. Bahrenburg Dr. LouiseSouthgate Mrs. Glendower Evans Mary Stewart Mrs. H. M. Brown Dow Husbands Emily C. Fisher Mrs. G. E. Wilkinson Mrs. Thomas Roland National College E. S. L. Louisiana S. Mary C. Bourland S. A. Mrs. Mary H. Page M. Carey Thomas, President. Mrs. Willard M. McEwen Mrs. Ida Porter Boyer Mrs. Gertrude H. Leonard Miss Mabel Willard Mrs. James W. Morrison Kate M. Gordon Mrs. Teresa A. Crowley Mrs. MaudWood Park Anna M. WiImot Mrs. John B. Parker Mrs. Agnes H. Morey Mrs. Learned Hand Mrs. Stephen Hart Mrs. H. B. Bartlett Mrs. E. B. Townsend Mrs. Thomas Burgess Dr. Jeannette Gunn Mrs. VictorAschaffenburg Agnes E. Ryan Mrs. Charles L. Tiffany Dr. Emily M. Luff Mrs.Claude Gilson Mrs. W. M. Stoner Mrs. Hugo DuBroc Louisiana W. S. P. . Mr. Henry B. Stevens Mrs. Sherman Booth Mrs. J. M. Hamill Mrs. Edward J. Graham Mrs. WirtDexter Mrs. Ethel Puffer Howes Mrs. Alice M. Cosu Miss Vida Hunt Frances Michigan S. A. Mrs. C. A. Meissner E. Dr. Kate W. Baldwin '' Indiana E. S. A. Mrs. JamesReid Mrs. O. H. Clark, President Miss Marion Riley Anna Dunn Noland, President Mrs. Francis E. Burns Miss Margaret Erwin Kate Wood Ray Louisiana E. S. L. Mrs. Huntley Russell Miss Mary H. Thatcher SarahWeldon Towne Mrs. A. B. Singletary, President Mrs. KateEnglish Mrs. Julius Stone Carrie A. Keough Indiana W. F. L. Maryland J. G. L. Mrs. Elizabeth Williamson Nebraska W. S. A. Emogene Taft Les11 Mrs. E. J. Kirby Minnesota W. S. A. Mrs. Draper Smith, President Helen C. Benbridge Mrs. R. J. Byrne Katherine Sumney Andreas Ueland, President Mrs. M. L. Hagerman Mrs. RobertMorse Mrs. Grace Richardson Mrs. J. G. Baun Mary A. Morse Edna M. Barkley Mrs. Lucius Embree Mississippi W. S. A. Mrs. F. T. McWhirter Baltimore E. S. L. Mrs. Annie K. Dent,President Nevada E. F. S. Mrs. G. M. Henderson Mrs. Charles E. Ellicott, Pres. Mrs. Nellie M. Somerville Anne H. Martin,President Emma Pierce Mary Claire O'Brien ' Pauline V. Orr 186 PROCEBDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 187

New Hampshire E. S. A. Ohio W. S. A. Emma Spencer Virginia E. S. L. Anna E. Stevens, proxyfor Zara Du Pont Mrs. Isaac Roese Lila Meade Valentine, President President Ethel R. Vorce Mrs. ReauFolk Mrs. Henry C. McDowell Mrs. DanielKiefer Mrs. B. T. Kimbrough Mrs. Kate L. Bosher New Jersey W. S. A. Mr. Daniel Kiefer Mrs. John M. Kenney Mrs. John H. Lewis 'Mrs. Joe J. Roach Mrs. E. F. Feickert, President Stella H. Waters Mrs. Nannie Burke Mrs. W. H. Case Mrs. C. E. Townsend Esther Ogden Sarah Rutherford Helen Lippincott Ohio E. F. L. Mrs. J. H. Whitner Elwood Russey Mrs. J. W. Meeks Flora E. Worthington, Pres. Mrs. E. G. Kidd Mary C. Dietz NewYork W. P. U. Tennessee E. S. A. Mrs. G. W. Richardson Mrs. Harriet Riley Mrs. James M. McCormack, Mrs. KateWaller Barrett Harriet Stanton Blatch, Pres. Mrs. L. F. Herold Mrs. Norman De R. Whitehouse President Catherine J. Wester West Virginia E. S. A. Alice Carpenter Oklahoma W. S. A. Jane Pincus Mrs. J. D. Kelso Mrs. P. B. Pennybacker June C. Feuquay, President Mrs. LenaWarner Rhea O. Holland New York W. S. P. Mrs. J. D. Allen Wisconsin E. S. A. Mrs. RobertAdamson Hannah Price Pennsylvania W. S. A. Mrs. Robert M. Beattie Mrs. Theodora Youmans, Eva Potter President Mrs. Allen Caruthers Lucy Anthony Mrs. CorneliusLucky HannahPatterson Mrs. Frances Fort Brown Mrs. Geo. P. Miller EmmaKlahr Mrs. John E. Turney Miss IsabellaMiller New York S. W. S. A. Mrs. W. W. Brunk Mrs. Virginia L. Peak Miss Zona Gale Mrs. Raymond Brown, Pres. Mrs. E. S. Jordan Mary Winsor Texas S. MarionMay Mary Bakewell W. A. Mrs. E. M. Fuller Mrs. Cyrus W, Field Mrs. Wilfred Lewis Marion B. Fenwick Mrs. Ben Hooper Miss Mary Wagner MaryBurnham M. Eleanor Brackenridge Miss Alice Curtis Mrs. Kearns Sara D. Chambers Adella Potter Dr.Mary H. Kusel Rosalie G. Jones Mrs. Katherine W. Ruschenber- Mrs. A. S. Capewell ger Mrs. Helen Hoy Greeley Mrs.., George A. Dunning Mr. James LeesLaidlaw Miss Anne H. Snyder Ida Craft Mrs. George A. Piersol Mary Lee North Carolina E. S. L. Lida Stokes Adams Nannie Lee Mrs. Archibald Henderson, Mrs.Joseph Fels President Suzanne Bynum Rhode Island W. S. A. Mary Henderson Agnes M. Jenks, President

North Dakota V. F. W. L. Tennessee E. S. A. Clara L. Darrow, President Mrs. L. Crozier French, Pres. Mary D. Wible Mrs. Guilford Dudley 188 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 189

PLEDGE LIST. Mrs . Charles L. Tiff any ...... $50.00 Dan Darrow ...... $10.00 Nashville-November. 1914. Mary Codding Bourland .... 30.00 Mary Claire O’Brien ...... 10.00 ****** Tennessee Men’s League ..... 10.00 Mrs . Wirt Dexter ...... $SO 0.00 M . Eleanor Brackenridge ... .$l00.O0 Mrs . Milton Humes ...... 10.O0 Mrs Robert Gould Shaw 500.00 Mrs . Learned Hand ...... 25.00 P . S. Townsend ...... 10.00 ...... Montana Equal Suffrage State M Carey Thomas ...... 25.00 Miss Caroline Ruutz-Rees .... 300.00 Central Committee 100.00 . Mrs. Burgess ...... 10.00 ...... Katharine Ruschenberger .... 25.00 I Connecticut Woman Suffrage Katharine Boyles ...... 30.00 Anna Howard Shaw ...... 100.00 Lucy E Anthony 25.00 Association 300.00 ...... Mrs . J . L. Lowes ...... 10.00 ...... WashingtonWoman Suffrage Dr Mary N S Kiisell 25.00 Mrs George P Miller ...... Men’s League San Antonio, ...... 200.00 Council ...... 300.00 Emma Klahr 25.00 Mrs C E Ellicott ...... Texas ...... 10.00 ...... 100.00 Elizabeth Williamson ...... 100.00 Mrs C W Field 25.00 Miss Madeline F Wills 100.00 ...... Dexter (Tennessee Baby) 10.00 ...... Marion Reilly ...... 100.00 Mrs Annie K Dent 25.00 Mrs . Mrs J L. Lowes, St. Louis ...... Ruth White ...... 10.00 . . Mrs . E. M . Fuller ...... 100.00 Mrs. Joseph Reid ...... 25.00 . E. S. L., ...... 100.00 Mrs . Mark Hanna ...... 100.00 Nevada Men’s League ...... 10.00 Missouri (Mrs Walter Mc- Woman SuffrageParty, Louis- Connecticut Men’s League .... 10.00 . Louisiana State Association .. 100.00 iana 25.00 Nab Miller) 100.00 ...... P . E. Plummer ...... 10.00 ...... IndianaFranchise ...... 100.00 Mrs Homer Dunn 25.00 Frances Fort Brown ...... 100.00 ...... Mrs . H . P . Salter ...... 10.00 Chicago Equal Suffrage Asso- ****** Mrs . Archibald Henderson ... 25.00 Mrs . G. A . Piersol ...... 10.00 Miss Suzanne Bynurn 25.00 ciation (Mrs J Morrison) 100.00 ...... Margaret Ervin, Jr...... 10.00 . . . New York State Woman Suf- Stella Waters 25.00 Mrs James Morrison 100.00 H...... Men’s League Kentucky, Mr ...... frage Association ...... 70.00 Kate Bosher 25.00 . Mrs. Henry L. Pitcher ...... 100.00 L...... , McDowell ...... 10.00 Mrs . A . B . Singletary ...... 60.00 Mrs . Hugo ‘Du Brock ...... 25.00 Mrs. Kohlhamer, Mrs . John Mrs . G . M . Henderson ...... 10.00 Equal Suffrage League of Bal- Louisiana mual Suffrage Cowles (For Christian Sci- timore Mrs . A . E. 5. Taylor ...... 10.00 ...... 50.00 League ...... 25.00 Men’s League Omaha enceWomen o€ Chicago) . 100.00 Virginia EqualSuffrage As- ...... 10.00 District of Columbia Equal Ruth White . ..I...... 25.00 Mary S. Wagner ...... 10.00 sociation ...... 50.00 James Richardson, Jr...... 25.00 Suffrage League ...... 100.00 Alabama Equal Suffrage Asso- Anna H. Shaw ...... 10.00 . Nebraska (Mrs .Draper Smith) 100.00 Jane Addams ...... 25.00 M. Carey Thomas ...... 10.00 ciation ...... 50.00 Freeman Kate ...... 25.00 Kentucky ...... 100.00 EqualFranchise Society of Gkatia Erickson ...... 25.00 Woman’sIndiana Franchise...... League. Mrs. James Bennett ...... 100.00 Omaha. Nebraska ...... 50.00 Nevada Equal Franchise So- E’ o’Nei1 ...... 25m00 Kate Englisll ...... 10.00 Kate Gordon ...... 50.00 Laura Fixen ciety ...... 100.00 Minnesota WomanSuffrage G’ ...... 25m00 Adele Johnson ...... 10.00 Massachusetts Woman Suf- Dr . Kate Baldwin ...... 25.00 Miss . Raoul lo. Association ...... 50.00 25.00 G ...... 00 frage Association ...... 100.00 Mrs . Wirt Dexter ...... Mrs . Robert Moss ...... 10.00 Anna H. Snyder ...... 50.00 Mrs. J . H . Gillespie ...... 25.00 Mrs. Desha Breckinridge .... lo.00 Tennessee Equal Suffrage As- Mrs. John Cannon ...... 50.00 sociation ...... 100.00 George Am .... 25’00 Mrs . James Bennett ...... 10.00 Rosalie Jones (Open Air V . Branner for Iowa ...... 25.00 ...... Mrs. Norman de R. White- Meetings) ...... 50.00 P D Madden 10.00 house Mrs . Charles Wister ...... 25.00 Ella Hawley Crossett ...... 10.00 ...... 100.00 Maine WomanSuffrage As- Martha Cranston 25. O0 Friends Equal Rights Asso- Mrs. Antoinette Funk ...... 100.00 ...... sociation ...... 50.00 Mrs. Joseph Parsons ...... 25.00 ...... Miss Mary Winsor ...... 10.00 Massachusetts Political Equal- ciation...... 10.00 Ohio Woman Suffrage Asso- Courtland Feuquay ...... 24.00 Mrs. F E. Kuhn 9-00 ity Union ...... 50.00 Ama Howard Shaw ...... 20.00 Mrs Ge0 R Wright ciation ...... 100.00 FloridaEqual Suffrage Asso- ...... 6.0( Mrs. Tod Helmuth ...... 100.00 ciation ...... 50.00 t***** Anna DunnNoland ...... 6.0C Miss Mary Lee ...... 100.00 EqualSuffrage Party, Georgia 50.00 Ladies of Modern Maccabees . 100.00 Agnes M . Jenks ...... 50.00 Miss Mary E. Garrett ...... 100.00 Ridgefield. Connecticut Equal Texas Woman Suffrage Asso- Franchise League ...... 50.00 ciation ...... 100.00 Laura Clay. Southern States .. 50.00 190 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 191

Jean M. Snell ...... $5.00 Caroline Kimbrough ...... $5.00 CONSTITUTION OF THE NATIONALAMERICAN Clara Savage ...... 5.00 Marion Reilly ...... 5.00 WOMAN SUFFRAGEASSOCIATION Mrs. Moore (honor of mother) 5.00 Mrs. Desha Breckinridge .... 5.00 Hamilton Daviess ...... 5.00 Mrs. L. Crozier French ...... 5.00 As AMENDEDBY THE CONVENTIONAT NASHVILLE,TENNESSEE, Frances Burns, Michigan .... 5.00 J. H. Burton ...... 5.00 NOVEMBER,1914. Mrs. John TaylorCowles.. .. 5.00 Ben Lindauer ...... 5-00 Mrs. G. W. Richardson ...... 5.00 Mrs. C. A. Meissner ...... 5.00 Misses E. and A. Graham, W. MaryWinsor ...... 5.00 ARTICLE I. S. P., La...... 5.00 NAME. Mrs. Nellie Somerville ...... 5.00 r***** Jeannette Rankin (formother) 5.00 Mrs. C. E. Townsend ...... 4.00 Thename of this body shall be the NATIONALAMERICAN WOMAN Ruth Allen ...... 5.00 Mrs. J. G. Baum ...... 4.00 SUFFRAGEASSOCIATION. C. Ruutz-Rees (formother) .. 5.00 Susan W. FitzGerald ...... 4.00 Mrs. Ben Hooper ...... 5.00 ***t** Dr. W. H. Allee (Suffrage mother-in-law) ...... 5.00 Mrs. J. H. Whitner ...... 3.00 Alfredo S. E. Taylor ...... 5.00 Agnes N. Jenks...... 3.00 Alice M. Cosu ...... 5.00 Mrs. John Schnaw ...... 3.00 Mrs. William Kearns ...... 5.00 Mrs. ThomasBurgess ...... 3.00 Mrs. Medill McCormick ..... 5.00 Mrs. Teresa A. Crowley...... 3.00 Mary Stewart ...... 5.00 Mrs. A. Henderson ...... 3.00 ARTICLE III. Mrs. Virginia Clay Clapton . 5.00 Mrs. R. E. Jackson ...... 3.00 . CLASSES MEMBERSHIP,DUES AND OBLIGATIONS. Grace G. Seton ...... 5.00 Mrs. Geo. Dunning ...... 2.00 OF Dr. Louise Southgate ...... 5.00 Mrs. Geo. Rudy ...... 2.00 Section 1. There shall be four classes of members, viz,: Affiliated, Margaret Dobyn ...... 5.00 BerthaNorris ...... 2.00 Associate, Co-operating and Life Members. Eva Massey 2.00 Mrs. James Morrison .. , .. , .. 5.00 ...... Sec. 2. Any suffrage organization of 200 or more certified members Mrs. T. Y. Graham 2.00 Sara Chambers ...... 5.00 ...... may become an Affiliated member. Kate Wood Ray ...... 5.00 ****** Miss Caroline Ruutz-Rees. .. 5.00 a. An Affiliated member shall, eight weeks prior to the National William Taft Lesh ...... 5.00 MaryStewart ...... 1.00 Convention, certifyto the Treasurer, in a writing signed by three Alfredo S. E. Taylor(Men MaryWinsor ...... 1.00 officers, the total membership recognized by it at that date. Delegates) ...... 5.00 Mrs. H. H. Snell ...... 1.00 b. An Affiliated member shall pay annual dues of ten cents for Anne H. Martin (formother) 5.00 SerenaKearns ...... 1.00 every certified member up to and including 1,500 members, and may Mrs. Hugo Du Brock ...... 5.00 Mrs. M. B. Kelly ...... 1.00 paydues atthe same rate on additional members. Representation Elsie Clay McDowell ...... 5.00 FrancesFort Brown Suffrage at the Annual Convention will be on the basis of one delegate for Henfor Prize (Marie Dav- Cat ...... 1.00 every 100 certified members, or majorfraction thereof, up to and E. J. Kirby ...... 1.00 including 5,000 members, for whom annual dues of ten cents per iess ...... 5.00 Mrs. A. L. Kilvington ...... 1.00 Mrs. A, McDowell 5.00 member have been paid. R...... Geo. M. Dallas ...... 1.00 V. H.Francis ...... 5.00 Douglas Wright ...... 1.00 Sec. 3. Any organization which officially endorses woman suffrage Mary Weible ...... 5.00 Collections taken during Con- may become an Associate member upon approval by two-thirds of the Dr.W. H. Allee ...... 5.00 vention ...... 551.36 Executive Council and upon payment of annual dues of $50.00. Sec, 4. Any individual may become a Co-operating member upon payment of annual dues of $10.00. Sec. S. Any individual maybecome a Life member upon payment of $100.00. 192 FORTY-SIXTH,CONVENTION 193

ARTICLE IV. Sec. 5. The Board of Directors may adopt such rules and regula- tions for their meetings, the conduct thereof, and the managernent of the THEANNUAL CONVENTION, PRIVILEGES AND REPRESENTATION- affairs of the Association as they may deem proper, not inconsistent with Section 1. The Annual Convention shall be composed of the Directors thelaws of the District of Columbia, the Constitution of the United and ---Presidents of the Association, Chairmen of Standing Committees, Statesor this Constitution. But in their management of the affairs of- Presidents of Affiliated organizations and members thereof elected to the the Association, the Board of Directorsshall incur no financial obliga- Executive Council, and all delegates regularly chosen by Affiliated and tions for which the Annual Convention shall not have voted the neces- Associate organizations and duly accredited tothe Convention, each of sary funds unless they shall make themselves responsible for securing the whom shall be entitled to vote thereat. means to meet such obligations. Sec. 2. An Affiliated member shall be entitled torepresentation at the Annual Convention .byits president, its member of the Executive Council, if it have one, and one delegate for every one hundred certified ARTICLE VI. members, ormajor fraction thereof,up to and including fivethousand OFFICERS-DUTIESAND LIABILITIES. members, for whom annual dues of ten cents per member have been paid. Section 1. The Officers shall be a President, a First Vice-president, Sec. 3. An Associate member shall be entitled torepresentation at a Second Vice-'President, a Third Vice-president, a Recording Secretary, the Annual Convention by one delegate. aCorresponding Secretary, A Treasurer, a First Auditor and a Second Auditor. Sec. 4. Co-operative member shall be entitled to receivereports A Each of such officers shall serve for the term of one year beginning published by the Association and to attend all of its public meetings, but immediately upon the close of the Annual Convention or until the close shall not be entitled to vote. of the next Annual Convention. Sec. 5. A Life member shall be entitled to receive all reports pub- Sec. 2. ThePresident shall perform all the duties incident to her lished by the Association, to attend all of its public meetings and to par- office. ticipate in all of its discussions, but shall not be entitled to vote. Sec. 3. TheFirst, the Second, or theThird Vice-president in said Sec. 6. No representationshall be allowed to any member that has order shall, inthe absence or incapacity of the President, perform the failed to pay annual dues according to Article III. duties of the President. Sec, 4. The RecordingSecretary shall keep the minutes of the As- sociation, and a record of all its proceedings, andshall perform all the ARTICLE V. dudes incident to her office. DIRECTORS. Sec. 5. The Corresponding Secretaryshall not be eligible for ap- Section 1. The Board of Directors of the Associationshall consist pointment as the Executive Secretary of the organization. of the Oscers thereof as elected at the Annual Convention, in the manner hereinafter provided. Sec. 6. TheTreasurer shall have the custody of all funds and se- curities of the Association, shall pay the bills of the Association, and Sec. 2. Vacancies in the Board of Directorsshall be filled forthe sign all checks andorders for the disbursement of the Association's unexpired term by a majority vote of the remaining directorsat any moneys, which shall be countersigned by another director, preferably the special meeting called for that purpose, atany regular meeting, or bp President,and shall collect all pledges and moneyspayable to the As- correspondence. sociation. The Treasurer shall keep an.accurate account of receiptsand dis- bursements and shall send a monthly summary to the directors. TheTreasurer shall be ex-officio chairman of the Committee on Credentials. Sec. 7. The Auditors shall examine and v.:rify the books of the Treasurer and sl~all givea report thereof at the first business meeting of the Convention. 194 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ‘ FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 195

ARTICLE VII. and said Board shall have made publication thereof in at least three of EXECUTIVECOUNCIL-DUTIES AND POWERS. the leading suffrage periodicals, not less than six weeks before the open- Section 1. The Executive Council shallconsist of theDirectors of ing of the Convention. the Association, the Chairmen of Standingand Special Committees, the Presidents of Affiliated suffrage organizations and one member from each BY-LAW I. Affiliated organization which pays dues on a membership of 1,500 or more. ANNUALCONVENTION. of whom fifteen shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Section 1. There shall be an Annual Convention of the Association The President of the Association shall act as President of the Coun- for the election of Directors, the adoption of a budget and the transac- cil. ASecretary otherthan aDirector shallbe nominated and elected tion of such other business as may properly come before it. by acclamation at the post-convention meeting of the Council. The Convention shall be held upon days and in a city to be designated Sec. 2. Regularmeetings of theExecutive Council shallbe held by the Directors, and shall be in session for at least four business days. -immediately preceding and immediately following the Annual Convention Notice of the Convention shall be mailed to all Affiliated, Associate, of the Association. Special meetings may be called at any time by a ma- Co-operating, and Life members andshall be published in three of the jority of theDirectors, or by thePresident upon thewritten request leadingsuffrage periodicals at least six weeks beforethe opening of of fifteen members of the Executive Council. the Convention. Notice of a special meeting shall be mailed to each member at least The General Officers of this Association shall be elected by ballot od two weeks before the date of such meeting. the last day but one of the Annual Convention. Nominations shall be made to the Association at least twenty-four hours before the Election. Sec. 3. The Executive Council shalldeliberate concerning’ the plans and policies of the Association and the opportunities and means for their Sec. 2. The number of delegates’ credentials issued to any member advancement in the several sections of the United Statesas well as in shall be determined six weeks in advance of the National Convention the nation as a whole, and shall make recommendations and suggestions by the member’s standing in the Association at that date and the Treas- to the Association in regard thereto at the business sessions of the Con- urer shall thereupon provide Affiliated and Associate members with blank vention and to the Directors from time to time as occasion or prudence credentials for delegates and alternates. may urge. Sec. 3. Affiliated and Associate organizations shall have communi- Sec. 4, The members of the Executive Council may also act by cated the names and addressds of their respective delegates and alter- correspondence, a majorityvote determining, upon allmatters referred nates in writing to the Credentials Committee at least twenty-four hours to the Council by the Directors and, whenever requested or empowered before the opening of the Convention. by the Directors, they or any of them shall advise or co-operate with the Sec. 4. No credentials shall be issued after the close of the first Board or advise, act or co-operate with or upon any of its committees business day of the Convention. for the transaction of the Association’s business. Sec. 5. Delegates holding certificates signed by the President and the Sec. 5. The Executive Council shall at its pre-convention session give Recording Secretary of their respective organizations and presenting the special consideration to the budget for the following year and shall make same to the Credentials Committee before the close of the first business written recommendations to the Convention in regard thereto, day of the Conventio11 shall be deemed prima facie entitled to their seats Sec. 6. TheExecutive Council shall, atits regular post-convention and pending the final report of the Credentials Committee shall have the session, elect fromits own numbera Committee on Membership, con- right to vote upon all questions except that of their right to their ow sisting of five members, which shall pass upon the qualifications of organi- seats. zations applying for affiliated membership in the Associatioq. Sec. 6. Accredited delegates tothe Convention shallsit togeth delegations in the section of the Convention hall reserved for thea ARTICLE VIII.. ternates shall be seated together elsewhere and shall not be ada AMENDMENT. seatsin the delegates’ section except when duly recognized a! This Constitution may be amended by a two-thirds vote of any an- delegates. nual convention, after one day’s notice in the Convention, provided that Sec. 7. The Committee on Resolutions shall consist of rep notice of the propooed amendmentshall have been given ‘to the Board tives from the severalStates andthe District of Columbia, one 197 1% PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

to beelected .from each State andone from the District of Columbia Sec. 2. Dues of. otherthan Affiliatedmembers shall be paidby by. the delegations therefrom, at a joint meeting during the Convention such members immediately upon their joining the Association and there- called by the President of the senior organization thereof. This Com- after annually within thirty days following the close of the National mittee shall choose its own chairman. Convention. Sec. 8. In case an Affiliated organization shall be unrepresented at Sec. 3. Pledges made at the Convention shall be payable not later the sessions of the Executive Council by itsPresident or duly chosen than April Ist of the following year. member, the delegation from such Organization shall have power to elect from its own number a representative to the Council. BY-LAW V. Sec. The morning session of the second business day, or as much 9, TREASURER'SBOND AND REPORT-AUDITOF BOOKS. thereof as may be necessary, shall be given to discussion of the tenta- tive budget. Section 1. The Treasurer shall give bond for thefaithful perfarm- ance of her duties in sum as the Board may determine. Sec. 10. Beginning with the morning session of the fourth business such day, no further .business shall be considered until a budget for the en- Sec. 2. The books of theTreasurer shall close four weeks before suing year shall have been adopted. the Annual Convention andthe report of the Treasurer shall be made at the first business session of the Annual convention. Sec. 3. The books of the Association shall be audited by a certified BY-MW II. public accountant every six months. STANDINGCOMMITTEES. Section 1. The Board, immediately after the Annual Convention, shall %Y-LAW VI. appoint an Executive Secretary, a Legal Adviser and Standing Committees AMENDMENT. as follows : Campaign, Congressional Work, Elections, Finance, Litcra- ture, Local Arrangements, Presidential Suffrage, PressWork and Pro- These By-laws may be amended by a two-thirds vote of any annual gram. Convention, after one day'snotice in the Convention. Sec. 2. The President of the Association &all be the Chairman of the Program Committee, ,

BY-LAW III. HONORARYVICE-PRESIDENTS. The Executive Council may elect as Honorary Vice-presidents of the Association distinguished adherents of the cause of Woman Suffrage who cannot do active work in the National Association.

BY-LAW IV. PAYMENTOP DUESAND PLEDGES. Section l. Annual dues shall be paid within threemonths after the National Convention and in amount shall be determined upon the member- shipcertified to the Treasurer as provided for in Article III, Sec. 2, except that an AHiated body joining the Association more than ninety days after the Annual Convention shall pay its dues immediately upon joining, the amount thereof being determined upon its membership certi- fied at the date of joining. 199 198 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

FIRST HONORARY VICE-PRESIDENT .New HampshirLHenry W. Blair, Armenia S. White. Jane Addams. Nebraska-Mary Rogers Kimball, Caroline M. Nye, Vanessa M. Goff,Ellen D. Harn, Ada M. Bittenbender. Nevada-Mrs. John Williamson,Mrs. EldaOrr, Mrs. William HONORARY VICE-PRESIDENTS Webster, Mrs. D. B. Boyd. California-Dora K. Crittendon, Louise MerrillPratt, Amanda New Jersey-Rev. Antoinette Brown Blackwell, Phebe C. Wright, Way, Harriet A. Hobe. New York-Anna C. Field, Jean B. Greenleaf, Mary H. Hallo- Colorado-E. M. Ashley, Hon. Alva Adams, Judge Ben Lindsey, well, EmilyHowland, Lewia C. Smith,Matilda F. Wendt, Sylvina Emily Meredith, J. Warner Mills, ex-Gov. John L. Routt, Hon. I. N. Green, ,Martha J. H. Stebbins, Sarah L. Willis. Stevens, Amy K. Cornwall, Mary L. Carr,Hon. E. M. Ammons, North Carolina-Mrs. E. Aston. Sen. John F. Shafroth, Sen. Charles S. Thomas, Sen. Simon Guggen- J. heim, Rep. A. M. Rucker, Rep. John A. Martin, Rep. Ed. F. Taylor, Oregon-Abigail Scott Duniway, Mrs. H. J. Hendershot, Mrs. Hon. Wilbur Cannon, Hon. W. W. Booth, Omar A. Garwood, Helen H. A. Laughary, Dr. MaryThompson, Col. C. A. Reed, A. C. San- L. Grenfell, Mary C.C. Bradford, Helen M. Wixson, Adrianna Hun- ford. gerford, Antoinette A. Hawley. Ohio-Frances M. Casement, Harriet B. Stanton. Connecticut-Joseph Sheldon, Prof. C. HowardYoung, Mrs. Pennsylvania-Charlotte L. Pierce, Dr. Jane V. Myers, Dr. Har- William R. Hopson, Dr. Adaline Thompson. riet J. Sartain, RudolphBlankenburg, Elizabeth B. Passmore, Pres. Delaware-Ex-Gov. JohnHunn, Hon. WashingtonHastings. District Columbia-Mrs. Rufus Saxton, Mrs. Stephen A. Richey, of hill, S. Oddie Sirrine. Belva A. Lockwood. Utah-Jane S. Richards,Ernmeline B. Wells,Bathsheba W. Georgia-Miss S. A. Gresham, Smith. Illinois-Hon. James Cartwright, Julia Mills Dunn,Elizabeth T. Vermont-Mrs. A. D. Chandler. Boynton Harbert, Mary E. Holmes, Elizabeth J. Loomis, Harriet Fox McFadden. Virginia-Ellen H. Smith. Indiana-Wm. Dudley Foulke, John L. Thomas, Sarah Edgerton, Washington-Hon. Roger S. Greene, Elizabeth Palmer Spinning. Alice Clark. West Virginia-Anna C. Boyd, Mrs. M. J. Grove, Hon. A. J. Iowa-S. J. Cole, Dr.Mark A. Dashiell. Mitchell, Jennie Wilson, Mrs. M. L. Ott. Kansas-Jane Slocum, Anna C. Wait. Wisconsin-Harriet P. Dingee. Kentucky-Mrs. Mary B. Clay. Wyoming-Hon. Wm. Bright. Maine-Hannah J. Bailey, Mrs. George S. Hunt, Margaret T. W. Merrill. Maryland-Susanna Moore Maddox, Hannah B. Stabler, Amanda Peterman. Massachusetts-Hon. John D. Long, Adeline Howland. Minnesota-Priscilla M. Miles, Julia B. Nelson, Mrs. A. T. An- derson. Michigan-Dean M. Jenkins. Missouri-Mrs. Beverly Allen, Mrs. John Orrick, Mrs. Louisa G. Werth, Mrs. F. J. Edwards. Montana-Mrs. P. A. Dann. 200 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 201

AFFILIATED MEMBERS GEORGIA-Macon Woman Suff rage League. Art. III, Sec. 2. Anysuffrage organization of 200 or Pres., ...... Mrs. Carl H. Fuller, 464 Beach Ave. more certified members may become an Affiliated member. HAWAII. Pres.. .Mrs. J. M. Dowsett, nolu lu lu- NOTE:Affiliated members paying dues on 1,500 or more members are ...... entitled to a member on the Executive Council inaddition to their ILLINOIS-Equal Suffrage Association. President. Pres., ...... Mrs. Grace Wilber Trout, Room 604 Tower Bldg., ALABAMA-Equal Suffrage Association. 6 N. Michigan Ave.,Chicago. Pres...... Mrs. Pattie Jacobs, 1404 Beech St., Birmingham. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. H. M. Brown, 2502 N. Main St., Peoria. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Miss Amelia Worthington, 1818 Second Ave., INDIANA-Equal Suffrage Association. Birmingham. Pres...... Mrs. Anna Dunn Noland, 424% Broadway, Logansport. CALIFORNIA, Pres...... Mrs. Mary McHenryKeith, 2207 Atherton St., INDIANA-Woman’s Franchise League. Berkeley. Pres...... Dr. Amelia R. Keller, 816 Odd Fellows Bldg., Indian- apolis. COLORADO-Equal Suffrage Association. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Grace J. Clarke, 115 Audubon Road, Indianapolis. Pres...... Mrs. Harriet G. R. Wright, 3347 Moncrief Place, Denver. IOWA-Equal Suffrage Association. CONNECTICUT-Woman Suffrage Association. Pres., ...... Miss Flora Dunlap, Roadside Settlement, Des Moines. Pres...... Mrs.Katherine HoughtonHepburn, 55 Pratt St., Hartford. KANSAS-Good Citizenship League. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Grace G. Seton, 24 Ford St., Hartford. Pres...... Mrs. G, H. Chalkley, Lawrence. DELAWARE-Equal Suff rage Association. Pres...... Mrs. Martha S. Cranston, Newport. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA-State Equal Suffrage Association, Pres...... Mrs. Carrie E. Kent, 107 Primrose St., Chevy Chase, Maryland. LOUISIANA-Equal Suff rage League. Pres...... Mrs. ‘A. B. Singletary, 905 Convention St.,Baton DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA-Woman Suffrage Council. Rouge. Pres...... Mrs. Gertrude C. Mosshart, 1819 Newton St., N. W., Washington, D.C. LOUISIANA-Woman Suff rage Association. Pres., ...... Miss Jean Gordon, l800 Prytania St., New Orleans.,. FLORIDA-Equal Franchise League. Pres...... Mrs. Roselle C. Cooley,108 HeardNational Bank LOUISIANA-Woman Suff rage Party. Bldg., Jacksonville. Pres...... Mrs. E. M. Cahn, 1930 Napoleon Ave., New Orleans. FLORIDA-Equal Suff rage Association. MAINE-Woman Suff rage Association. Pres.. .Miss Helen N. Bates, 65 Sherman St., Portland. Pres...... Rev. Mary Safford, Orlando...... FRIENDS EQUAL RIGHTS ASSOCIATION. MARYLAND-Just Government League. Pres...... Mrs. Ellen E, Price, 120 S. 34th St,, Philadelphia. Pres., ...... Mrs. Donald R. Hooker, Cedar Lawn, Baltimore. Mem. Ex, Coun.. .Mrs. Newman McKay, 817 N. Charles St., Baltimore. GEORGIA-Equal Suff rage Party. Pres.. .Mrs. Emily C. McDougald, 87 E. 15th ‘St., Atlanta. MARYLAND-Woman Suffrage Association...... Pres...... Mrs. Emma Maddox Funck, 1631 .Eutaw St., Baltimore. GEORGIA-Woman Suff rage Association. MARYLAND-Equal Suff rage League of Baltimore. Pres...... Mrs. Mary L. McLendon, 139 Washington St., Atlanta, Pres., ...... Mrs. Charles E, Ellicott, 714 St. Paul St., Baltimore. 202 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 203

MASSACHUSETTS-Political Equality Union. NEW JERSEY-Woman Suffrage Association. Pres., ...... Miss Mabel Gillespie, 1301 Washington St., Boston. Pres., ...... Mrs. Edward F. Feickert, Plainfield. Mem. Ex. Coun. . .Miss Anne Withington, 66 Carver St., Boston. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Miss Helen Lippincott, Riverton. MASSACHUSETTS-Woman Suff rage Association. Pres.. Miss Alice Stone Blackwell, 3 MonadnockSt., Dor- NEW JERSEY-Women's Political Union...... Pres.. .Mrs. Mina Van Winkle, 55 Lincoln Park, Newark. chester...... Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Gertrude Halladay Leonard, Harnmond St., Chest- Nem. Ex. Coun.. . nut Hill. NEW YORK-State Woman Suffrage Association. MICHIGAN-Equal Suff rage Association. Pres...... ,..Mrs. Raymond Brown, 30 Fifth Ave., New York City. Pres,...... Mrs. O. H. Clarke, Kalamazoo. Mem. Ex. Com.. ,Miss Marion May, 215 W. lOlst St.,New York City. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Frederick Holt, 116 Boston Blvd., Detroit, Mich. NEW YORK CITY-Equal Franchise Society. MINNESOTA-Equal Franchise League. Pres...... Mrs. Howard Mansfield, 535 Park Ave., New York City. Pres...... Miss Teresa B. Peyton, 581 Selby Ave., St. Paul. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Julia B. Nelson, Red Wing. NEW YORK CITY-Woman Suffrage Party. MINNESOTA-Woman Suff rage Association. Pres., ...... Miss Mary Garret Hay, 48 East 34th St. Pres...... Mrs. Andreas Ueland, Colham Boulevard, Minneapolis. Mem. Ex. Coun.. . Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. George Kenyon, 445 Summit Ave., St. Paul. NORTH CAROLINA-Equal Suffrage League. MISSISSIPPI-Woman Suffrage Association. Pres...... Mrs. A. Henderson, Chapel Hill. Pres...... Mrs. Annie K. Dent, Yazoo City, MISSOURI-Equal Suffrage Association. NORTH DAKOTA-Votes for Women League. Pres.. .Mrs. Clara L. Darrow, Fargo. Pres...... Mrs. Walter McNab Miller, 800 Broadway, Columbia...... Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Barbara O'Neil, Syndicate Trust Bldg., St. Louis. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Beulah Amidon, Fargo. MONTANA-State Central Committee. OHIO-Woman Suffrage Association. Pres...... Miss Jeannette Rankin, Hotel Thornton, Butte. Pres...... Mrs. Harriet Taylor Upton, Warren. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Harvey Coit, Big Timber. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. O. F. Davisson, 307 Central. Ave., Dayton. NATIONAL COLLEGE EQUAL SUFFRAGE LEAGUE. OHIO-Equal Franchise League. Pres...... Miss M. Carey Thomas, Bryn Mawr, Pa. Pres...... Miss Flora E. Worthington, 623 Lincoln Ave., Cin- Mem. Ex. Com. .Mrs. Ethel Puffer Howes,Room 1214, 70 Fifth Ave., cinnati. New York City. NATIONAL MEN'S LEAGUE. OKLAHOMA-Woman Suff rage Association. Pres...... James Lees Laidlaw. Pres,...... Mrs. Cora B. Gotchy, Oklahoma City. NEBRASKA. OREGON-Equal Suff rage League. Pres...... Mrs. Draper Smith, Brandeis Theatre Bldg., Omaha. Pres,...... Dr. Esther P. Lovejoy, 393 William Ave., Portland. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. W. E. Barkley, Lincoln. NEVADA-Equal Franchise Society. PENNSYLVANIA-Woman Suff rage Association. Pres...... Miss Anne H. Martin, 139 N. Virginia St., Reno. Pres,...... Mrs. Frank Roessing, 203 Arcade Bldg., Harrisburg. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Miss Bird M. Wilson, Goldfield. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Miss Jane Campbell, Schoolhouse Lane, Germantown. NEW HAMPSHIRE-Equal Suffrage Association, RHODE ISLAND-Woman Suffrage Association. Pres...... Miss Martha S. Kimball, Portsmouth, Pres,...... Mrs. Agnes M. Jenks, 199 Angell St., Providence. 205 204 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

SOUTH CAROLINA-Equal Suffrage League. LIFE MEMBERS Pres.. .Dr. Jane Bruce Guignard, 830 Gregg St,, Columbia...... Art. III, Sec. 5. Any individua1 may become a Life SOUTH DAKOTA-Universal Franchise League. Member upon payment of $100.00. Pres. .Mrs. John Pyle, Huron...... Alabama Rosebrook, Frances H. Ringrose, Mrs. Rhoderic TENNESSEE-Headquarters, Chattanooga. Hundley, Mrs. Oscar Logan, Adella Hunt *Sargent, Ellen Clark Pres...... Mrs. Jas. M. McCormack, 7 S. McLean Boulevard, Schlingheyde, Clara Memphis. Arabia Sperry, Dr. Mary A. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Miss Catherine J. Wester, 424 James Bldg., Chatta- Hamilton, Susan V. V. Sperry, Mary Simpson nooga. Spencer, Philenda Arizona Stambach, Helen W. I<. TENNESSEELHeadquarters, Nashville. Munds, Frances W. Stambach, Dr. Ida V. Pres...... Mrs. L. Crozier-French, Knoxville. Swift, Mary Wood Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Guilford Dudley, Nashville, California Bidwell, Annie K. *Taylor, Lucretia Watson Waters, Margaret E. TEXAS-Woman Suff rage Association. Bodwcll, Beda S. Sperry Way, Amanda Pres.. Miss Annette Finnegan, 116 Travis St., Houston. Brown, Emily A...... Whelan, Carrie A. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Miss Marin B. Fenwick, 204 Pecan St., San Antonio. Ballard, Adelaide Braly, J. H. *Wright, Emily G. Wills, Madeline Francis VERMONT-Equal Suffrage Association. *Braly, Mrs. J. H. Pres...... Mrs. Frances Rasta11 Wyman-Manchester Center. Cachot, Catherine Canada Corbert, Annie L. Hughes, Laura C. VIRGINIA-Equal Suff rage League. Deering, Frank P. Pres...... Mrs. Lila Mead Valentine, 2338 Monument Ave., Rich- Deering, Mabel Craft Colorado Dwight, Florence E. mond. Ashley, Susan Riley Elliott, Albert Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. Kate Waller Barrett, 408 Duke St., Alexandria. H. Bradford, Mary C. C. *Faulkner, Anne R. Cornwall, Amy K. WASHINGTON-Woman Suff rage Association. Goodridge, Mrs. Benjamin Laughlin, Gail Pres...... Mrs. George A. Smith, Smith & Alki Ave., Seattle. Gould, Mary E. F. Meredith, Emily R. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Mrs. William E. Humphrey, c-o Congressman W, E Harrison, Ormedia C. Meredith, Ellis Humphrey, Washington, D. C. Hollingsworth, Alice L. *Patterson, Katherine A. G. Howard, Emma Shaf ter WEST VIRGINIA-Equal Suffrage Association, *Howard, Karl Connecticut Pres...... Mrs. J. Gale Ebert, Fifth and Juliana Sts., Parkersburg. Howard, Maud Shafter, *Hooker, Isabella Beecher Mem. Ex. Coun. ..Miss Margaret E. McKinney, Fairmont. Janvier, Louisa S. *Lewis, H. J. Jewett, Fidelia WISCONSIN-Woman Suffrage Association. Jordan, David Starr Delaware Pres...... Mrs. Henry Youmans, Waukesha. Kaufman, Viola Cranston, Martha S. Mem. Ex. Coun.. .Miss Ada L. James, Richland Centre. *Meith, William Keith, Mary McHenry District of Columbia Keen, Mary S. 'Barber, Julia L. Langdon Krebbs, Abbie E. Blount, Lucia E. Martin, Miss L. J. Crocker, Charlotte McHenry, Ellen J. Ezekiel, Rachel Brice Moore, Mrs. A. A. Gillett, Emma M. 206 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION

*Hemstreet, Elizabeth Noyes, Ida S. Gordon, Kate M. Powers, Ellen F. Henderson, Mary Foote Schneppe, Angie Rand Gordon, Fannie R. Shaw, Pauline A. Henry, Margaret J. Smith, Dr. ,Julia Holmes *Merri&, Caroline E. *Simpson, Eunice J, Jenkins, Alice J. Shanklin, Gertrude A. O'Brien, Kate Mushet Smith, Judith W. Kent, Carrie E. *Springer, Elmina E. Ordway, Evelyn Walch Smith, Syrtle McClary, Lizzie Ward, Mrs. Coonley Otis, Susannah N. Stolle, Antonie Mills, Hannah Cassel1 *Romain, Jessica Coleman *McPherson, Mary A. Indiana Stevens, Jess M!ichigan *McWhirter, Martha Bybee, Mary Isabella 'Blodgett, Delos A. Monroe,Emma F. Pierce, Alice Wheeler Maine Blodgett, DaisyPeck

' *Nason, Mary C. Sewall, May Wright Baker, Harriet U. Fuller Curtis, Katharine Shaw Noyes, Ruth Astor Bates, Helen N. *Hall, Olivia B. Owen, Robert L. (Senator) . Iowa Day, Lucy Hobart *Hollister, Lillian N. *Parnell,Rosena M. Adams, Mary Emsley *DonneIl, Lilla Floyd *Jenkins, Helen P. Richards, Janet E. Barnes, Josephine A. Fernald,Fannie J. Osborn, Clara *Snow, Sophronia C. *Bemis, George W. Fuller, Dr. Jennie Perry, Belle N. 'Bemis, Birdie May . *Fulton, Dr. Abby M. Talbot, Mary L. Minnesota Terrell, Mary Church Burghardt, Caroline V. *Hamilton, Sara Fairfield *Thompson, Ellen Powell *Callahan, Martha C. Osgood, Etta H. Anderson, Mrs. A. T. Tindall, Helen Rand *Coggeshall, Mary J. *Spofford, C. W. Cash, Alice Scott Farmer, Eugenia B. Terry, Mary E. Gale, A. H. *Spofford, Jane H. ' Hinkle, Dr. George W. McClary, Clyde Wright, Jessie Waite Maryland White, Nettie Lovisa *Logan, Nancy McClary,Lizzie White, Mrs. John Jay McCarron, Sarah T. *Barton, Clara Koch, Dr. Margaret *Romans, Metie Laub 'Bates, Octavia Williams Nelson, Julia B. Plorida Garrett, E. Mary Russell, Elizabeth A. Jewett, Mary B. Kansas Grove, Margaret J. Stockwell, Maud C. Diggs, Mabel La Porte Sarah Vai1 Georgia *Miller, Caroline Hallowell Thompson, Gregg, Laura A. Overton, Constance Mills Wheeler, Mary Powell *Thomas, Gertrude C. Hoffman, C. A. Rogers, Julia R Missouri Idaho Johnston, Lucy B. Wright, Jessie Waite Turner, Sarah E. . Boyce, Eleanor B. Morrow, Sarah E. Stivers, Mrs. H. ' Massachusetts Montana Illinois Stubbs, .Mrs.W. R. Allen, Mary Ware Dann, Mrs. P. A. Addams, Jane Kentucky *Anders, Carrie Bradford, Emily Atkins, Martha N. Nebraska *Butlin,Minerva Bennett, Sarah Clay Albertson, Anjennette Clay, Laura Blackwell, Alice Stone *Campbell, Margaret W. *Blackwell, Henry B. Carriker, Ollie R. Dennett,Climenia K. Clay, Mary B. Daily, Annie Davies, Sarah Coonley Bourne, Elizabeth Fifield,Ellen E. B. . *Fowler, Anna G. Dewey, Rev. Louis Fifield, Elizabeth M. Giltner, Mary E. Harn, Ellen D. Robinson, Helen Avery Garrison, Ellen Wright Gross,Maud Emily Hill, Nellie S. Smith Hayward, Mary Smith Harwood, Bertha *Trimble, Mary R. *Marble, Amanda J. White, Laura R. *Howe, Julia Ward Kendall,Anna N. *Ireson, Katherine Choate Ndrris, Fannie C. McCormick, Katharine Louise Louisiana Nichols, Mae Nelson, Nettie N. McCulloch, Catharine Waugh Coleman, Dudley H. Ordway, Evelyn W. Philbrick, Mrs. M. B. McCulloch, Catharine Waugh, 2d Gordon, Jean M. Paul, Anne Philbrick, Dr. Inez C. 209 208 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION Oklahoma Ward, Mary G. Cameron, Amelia Lewis, Katherine, 2d Wells, Anna A. *Carey, Cornelia H. Loines, Mary Hilliard Biggers, Kate H. Whitesell, Susan *Cat$ George W. Loines, Hilda *Griffiths, Rachel Rees Williams, Mary H. Catt, Carrie Chapman Loines, Stephens, Adelia C. *Young, Clara A. *Chapman, Marianna W. Lapham, Mary Elizabeth Rees, Rachael A. *Lapham, Samantha Vail New Hampshire Craigie, Mary E. OMO Carpenter, Mrs. Herbert S. Laidlaw, James Lees Ines, Susan A. Whiting Cooley, Winif red Harper Laidlaw, Harriet Burton Andrews, Mary S. Ricker, Marilla M. Crossett, EllaHawley May, Marion Bacon, Anna Anthony White, Armenia S. *Miller, Anne Fitzhugh Bissell, Sarah A. *Davis. Amelia Stowell~. New Jersey *Dewey, Emogene L. *Miller, Elizabeth Smith *Casernent, John S. Blackwell,Rev. Antoinette Brown '*Dormiber, Anna Mills, Harriet A. Casement, Frances M. Hall, Florence Howe Eastman, Max Mills, Harriet May Dow, Audrey I. Hartshorn,Joanna Ely, Sophia Fuller Mortimer, Mignonette S. *Elwell, Martha H. *Evergard, Caroline McCullough Houlings, Laura Lloyd . Emery, Dr. Mary W. Murtaugh, Sarah A. C. *Hussey, Cornelia C. Flanders,Gertrude A. Otis, Elizabeth G. Hall, Anne S. Hussey, Dr. Mary D. Fraser, Nicolas Shaw Ostranda, Sarah E. Hauser, Mary B. Hauser, Elizabeth J. Xrom, Mrs. S. R. French, Blanche Culbertson Parsons, Sarah Ely Laddey,Mrs. Clara S. Fraser, Rachel Shaw Peck, Mary Gray *McCall, Sallie J. Lippincott, Anna W. Houlings Friedlander, Rebecca Prather, A. S. *Mott, Anna C. 'Lippincott, Susan W. Gaff ney, Fannie Humphreys Prather, Martha Fuller Peters, Alice E. *Segur, L. Mayhew,Calista S. *Gage, Matilda Joslyn Purton, Euphemia C. Rosa Paul, Alice Gannett, Mary T. L. Raynesford, Georgia F. *Southworth, Louisa Siewers, Dr. Sarah Sexton, Minola Graham Gannett, Charlotte Katherine Reilly, Caroline I. W. Surgis, Susan M. Spotteswoode, Dr. Sarah C. Greenleaf, Jean Brooks Ricker, Dr. Marcena Sherman *Taylor, Ezra B. *Squier, Ellen Hoxie Gilman, Charlotte Perkins Ripley, Julia T. Tucker, Anna Ruth Vail, Elizabeth M. Gleason, Dr. Kate Sanford, MaryThayer *Hackstaff, ,Priscilla Dudley *Sargent, James F. Upton, Harriet Taylor New York *Hallo&, Sarah V. *Sargent, Angelina M. * Oregon *Avery, Susan Look *Hallowell, Mary H, Smith, Eleanor Shaw Buchman, Jane Y. Anderson, Sarah E. ' Harper,Ida Husted Smith, Nicolas Shaw *Anthony, Susan B. Hay, Mary G. Smith, Eudora Shaw Coe, Viola M. *Anthony, Mary S. Howland, Emily Smith, Virginia Shaw Colby, Clara Bewick Alleman, Zobedia Howland, Isabel *Stanton, Elizabeth Cady Duniway, Abigail Scot€ Bahl, Carrie *Howland, Hannah L. Sweet, Emma B. Duniway, Dorothy Edith Blake, Katherine Duer Hull, Dorcas Sisson, Mrs. Roby S. Mallory, Lucy A. Babcock,Maude R. Ivins, Emma G. *Silocum, Fanny T. Therkelson, Mary Taber,Susan J.,M.D. Thompson, Dr. Mary A, Braman, Mrs. John Winters Ivins, Wm. H. ' Belmont, Mrs. Oliver P. *Townsend, Marcia Allell H.' *Jacob& Dr. Mary Putnam Pennsylvania Babcock, Elnora N. Kenyon, Rhody J. Villard, FannyGarrison *Bradley, Victoria Lauterbach, Amanda F. Watson, Gertrude Anthony, Lucy E. *Brayton, Alice I.. *Leslie, Mrs. Frank Weeks, Anna Ross Avery, Rachel Foster Brooks, Laura Sprague Lewis, Edna B. *Willard, Elizabeth A. *Bartol, Emma J. Baker, Jennie V. Lewis, Katherine Bell Williams, Juliet Willets Blankenburg, Lucretia Lo Brasier, Ellen K. Benedict, Crystal Eastman Lewis, Agnes B. *Wilbour, Charlotte B. , Cuinet, Dr. L. Adele Lewis, Caroline "Willis, Sarah L. Brasier, Emma J. 210 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 211

Boyer, Ida Porter South Dakata SPECIAL RESOLUTIONS AND GREETINGS PRESENTED AT Campbell, Katherine J. Johnson, Philema Everett THE CONVENTION Costelloe, Rachel 1 *Woods, Dr. Frances Dewald, Kate W. . RESOLVED, That the National American Woman Suffrage Association 'Roster, Julia T. Tennessee in Convention assembled dohereby express the Association's heartfelt *Garrett, Mary E. Brown, Frances Fort thanks and deep appreciation to our National President, Dr. Anna Howard Garrett, Elizabeth N. Stephens, Dr. Madge P. Shaw, forher devoted and unremitting work for woman suffrage and Goudis, Alberta Morehousc for this Association duringthe past year and for hersplendid services Green, Grace -G. Texas in the Campaign States which did so much to lead us to victory in Green, Lola M. B. , Brackenridge, M. Eleanor two states and for her willingness to stand for re-election in order that Hadley,Alice P. Finnegan, Annette she may again lead us to future victories in the coming year. Hoffman, Caroline C. Nashville, Tenn., November 12, 1914. Hovenden, Martha M. Utah James, Alvin T. To DR.ANNA HOWARD SHAW: Richard, Emily S. When service of the highest type has been faithfully and loyally ren- *James, .Helen N. Wells, Emmeline *James, C. dered, it is the pleasure of those most benefited by that service to ex- Edith press, though inadequately, their deep appreciation. We, the representa- Jenkins, Mary S. A. Vermont *Kemp, Dr. Agnes tives of the Campaign States, feel that to you we owe much for the Chandler, Mrs. A. D. splendid way in which you and your Executive Board stood by us in our Koethen, Lidie W. *Scott, Caroline Lippincott, Caroline efforts, but even more dowe appreciate your personal labor, your untiring splendid spirit. Always ready to meet whatever situation arose, Lippincott, Emily L. Virginia Lippincott, Mary W. regardless of fatigue, you encouraged the believers, braced up the un- Johnston, Mary certain and converted the unbelieving. *Longshore, Hannah E. Johnston, Eliz!abeth Medley, Dr. Jennie E. Your service, in our estimation, is invaluable and cannot bedis- Johnston, Eloise pensed with. Osgood, Etta H. *Minor, Virginia L. Pierce, Charlotte L. We, the 'undersigned, do desire to express in 'this way our loyalty Price, Ellen H. E. Washington and gratitude. Rees, Jacob Brown, Annie M. Jeanette Rankin, State Chairman, Montana. Rendell, Elinor DeVoe, Emma Smith Mary. Stewart, County Chairman Suffrage Party, Missoula Co., Montana. Robinson, Caroline Hadley Eaton, Dr. CoraSmith Helen Fitzgerald Sanders, President Butte Political Equality League. Sellers, Sarah Pennock Hutton, May Arkwright Clara L. Darrow, Pres. Votes for Women League, N. D. Shaw, Anna Howard Richardson, Ora Brown Mary D. Weible, Sec. Votes for Women League, N. D. Stecker, M. J. Smith, Mrs. George A. Helen Guthrie Miller, Pres. Mo. Equal Snffrage Am. *Thompson, M. Adeline Mary C. Lowse, Pres, St. Louis E. S. L. Thomas, M. Carey West Virginia Flora E. Worthington, Pres. Ohio Equal Franchise Am. Cumrnins, Elizabeth Ruth White, Missouri. Cummins, Anna M. Rhode Island Edna M. Bankley, Lincoln, Nebraska. Elliott, Albert H. Mrs. Draper Smith, Omaha, Neb. Dewing, Ardelia Cook Kendall, Virginia H. Katherine Sumney (Mrs. H. C.), Omaha, Neb. Eddy, Sarah J. . Kendall, Elizabeth U. Grace Richardson (Mrs. James), Omaha,Neb. Wilbour, Sarah S. Parsons, Mrs. N. C. Mrs. Helen L. Million, Rec. Sec., Mo. E. S. Assn. Emily Neward Blair (Mrs. H. Press Chairman Mo. E. S. Am. Wisconsin W.), South Carolina Nathalie Caulkins Ortt, Joplin, Missouri. Brown, Rev.Olympia Anne H. Martin, Reno, Nevada. *Neblett, A. Violet Holden, Belli S. Schofield, Martha James, Laura 212 PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SIXTH CONVENTION 213

ASSOCIATE MEMBERS Jennison, Mrs. Phipps, Annie C. jewett, Fidelia Piersol, Mrs. Art. III, Sec. 3. Any organization which officially en- Jones, Miss Rosalie Gardiner Plummer, Mary W. dorses woman suffragemay become an Associate Member Pope, Mrs. Charles upon approval by two-thirds of the Executive Council and Keim, Jeannette upon payment of annual dues of $50.00. Kerns, Serena Reeder, Miss Ruth Kimball, Martha S. ' Reeder, Miss Anna Reiffert, Edith A. COlOPERATING MEMBERS Rhoads, Mrs. Charles Laidlaw, Louise Judson Richmond, Mrs. Frank E., Jr. Art. III, Sec. 4. Any individual may become a Co-operat- Lathrop, Miss Julia C. Ripley, Julia T. ing member upon payment of annual dues of $10.00. Leach, Prof. Abby Robins, E. Ackerman, Mrs. Frederick T. Day, Mrs. George H. (Katharine B.) Lewis, Mrs. Lawrence Jr. Rogers, Julia R. Lewisohn, Alice Adams, Mrs. Charles H. (Ella) Rornbauer, S. M. Dickson, Mrs. J. B. Lewisohn, Irene Ames, Fanny B. (Mrs. Charles G.) Dunston, Mrs. F. B. (Frances) Rombauer, B. E. Long, Miss Margaret Rublee, Mrs. Juliet B. Lowland, Josephine N. Baker, Jennie V. H. Ellicott, Mrs. C. E. ' Loeser, Mrs. R. M. Baldwin, Dr. Kate W. Emmett,Lydia F. Sanville, Florence Ludington, Mrs. Charles Baldwin, M. T. (Edith R.) H. Sharpless, Dr. Anna P. Mrs. Luscomb, Florence H. Ballou, Mrs. Mary R. Fisher, Katharine R. Skeffington, Florence Bartow, Mrs. Henry B. (Alice) Folin, Mrs. Otto'(Laura Grant) Stebbins, Mrs. Martha J. Blake, Miss Katharine D. McDougall, Mrs. Walter * Stecker, Mrs. M. J. Blahkenburg,Lucretia L. Gillette, Miss McGraw, Mrs. Thomas Blunt, Miss Katharine Glackens, Mrs. W. J. (Edith) McIlhenny, Mrs. Johl1 Taber, Miss Mary Bond, Mrs. Charles H. (Isabella B.) Goethe, Mary Glide (Mrs. C. M.) McIntyre, Mrs. James Taylor, Miss Ellen Botsford, Elizabeth Graves, Marion W. (Mrs.Henry S.) McKee; Mrs. Charles Taylor, Mrs. Frank H. Botsford, Miss S. H. Greenleaf, Mrs.Jean B. MacDonald, Miss Elizs Thomas, Miss Martha G. Boland, Mrs. EstherFrances Gribbel, Mrs. John Macy, Mrs. V. E. Thorpe, Mrs. Warren Bourland, Maria Manson,Mrs. S. L. Tombes, Miss Edith H. Bourland, Langford Todd Hall, EstherWadsworth Marsh, Mrs. Mary McWilliams Tryon, Miss F. Arline Boutell, Alice May Hand, Mrs. L. (Frances A.) Martin, Lillian J. Bowles, Rev. Ada C. Hazard, Mrs. F.R. Matthews, E. N. Villard, Fannie G. (Mrs. Henry R.) Bubecker, Mrs. ClaraHenderson, HelenL. H. Miller, Mrs. H. W. Burnham, Miss Margaret Hill, Miss Clara Montgomery, Mrs. I. L. Wadsworth, Miss Sara Burnham, Mrs. George Jr. (Anna L.) Hills, Mrs. James (Helen H.) Morgan, Mrs. Dan Wagner, Mrs. Annie G. Brown, Mrs. Raymond (Gertrude F.) Howland, Isabel Morgan, Mrs. William Fellows Warren, Cornelia Brown, MissHowland, Ella Bertha M. Mott, Marion Weeks, Mrs. W. Holden Huey, Katharine(Miss) Weston, Mrs. S. Burns Carpenter, Mrs. H. (Cora) Hull, Blanche W. Olcott, Miss Mary Wheeler, Mrs. S. H. Chapin, Maria Bowen Hull, Isabella H. Ordway, Evelyn M. White, Frances M. Chapin, Katherine G. White, Martha R. ' Clevëland, Agnes M. Ingalls, Mrs. C. H. Parker,Helen S. Whitney, Charlotte Anita Constable, Miss Anna Inman,Florence E. Paul, Anne M. Woods, Mrs. William W. Culbertson, Emma B. James, Mrs. Henry Fairchild Davis, Miss Alice Jeffrey, Mrs. Jennette A. S.