An in Exercise Cultural History by delineated as genre and gender representation, between relationship complexthe explore to attempts ally.”article “unconscious an This pornographer the in and sexes between relation existing of critique the apotential pornography in saw wars,” sex “feminist of the dawn atthe published pornographic, conventions of of the the re-writings and re-readings representations, with dealing body female on the musings Carter’s Angela Abstract Passion ofEve New Passion The en explorada yliterario sexual género compleja representación, entre la relación mina exa trabajo Este inconsciente. aliado un pornógrafo del yhacía sexos los entre relaciones las examinar la de hora a pornografía la de crítico potencial el desvelaba pornográfico género el reescribe cuando Carter Angela que hace femenino cuerpo del representación La Resumen Repetition. : Pornography, Gender, Genre, Re-reading, Representation, Keywords society. by the nurtured and sanctioned institutions in and literature of pornographic women in treatment the between similarities out the to bring parody and exaggeration, repetition, re-reading, through them undermines and tendencies various its conventions of pornography, the merates explicates repetición. Palabras clave patriarcal. modelo el en asentadas sociales instituciones las en como así pornográfica mujer la de literatura la en tratamiento el entre similitudes las señalar para paródicamente oexagerarlas repetirlas re-leerlas, al desconstruye ylas acepciones diversas sus género, explica convenciones este de las enumera porno. Carter torno en al feministas Revista Canaria de Estudios Ingleses, 74; April 2017, 74; April e-2530-8335 ISSN: pp. 73-96; Ingleses, Estudios de Canaria Revista BODY: THE PORNOGRAPHY RE-WRITING : Pornografía, representación, género literario, género sexual, re-lectura, re-lectura, sexual, género literario, género representación, : Pornografía, , The Sadeian Woman Sree Narayana College for Women, India College Kollam, Narayana Sree IN THE SERVICE OF SERVICE FEMINISM THE IN , The Passion of New Eve of New Passion The Vrinda Chanth R. y “Black Venus,” publicados al albor de las guerras guerras Venus,” las de y “Black albor al publicados , and “Black Venus.” “Black , and enu Carter The Sadeian Woman: Sadeian The - -

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 73 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 74 patriarchy, the representation of women in canonical literature, the prospect of an of prospect an the patriarchy, literature, representation the of women canonical in logic of on all-pervading the circles French the as feminist well as Anglo-American in discussions saw the seventies myriad as the of as well closing years The 1960s culture. representation popular the and and of women media rights, literature, in movement, on sexual into reproductive nowour feminist the which rights, focused up new avenues for challenge and change (Andrew 31). (Andrew change and up avenues new for challenge movement feminist to the pivotal of 1970s, the became entity” “an innate opening or a “condition” as a “natural” of femininity than brought rather about by society situations specific (30).Beauvoir’s in lived as body female Nevertheless, the notion phenomenology adescriptive as to consider of her writings failure resultant the and of translations due inaccuracy to the was body Beauvoir’s on female the writings in ambivalence Thought”the purported that (2003), Philosophical in whoclaimed in “Beauvoir’sstates Andrew S. Place Barbara as There were cause. others, feminist of asource power doubted to as the Beauvoir’s processes bodily allegiance female and asite as body of difference who to sought female celebrate the thinkers Feminist women’s hindering as nursing were freedom considered and derogatory. potential reproduction of menstruation, but and cycles body her descriptions of female the (1). masculinities and of femininities nature determined culturally the exposing and of body associations its negative female the by ridding exploitation oppression only materialized be and sexist can sexism, against war their Politics (2000), Passionate for Everybody: is Feminism in states hooks bell as feminists, Later functions. social and body mind, female the between link” “deterministic the to address than rather mind of female the capabilities rational (2010), on Body” Perspectives the “Feminist in on to chose dwell the feminists early argues rightly Lennon meted out However, to women ages. Kathleen the down as treatment unequal the to validate used been it, term has determinism,” feminists as “Biological circles. feminist the asite havetions been debate within of constant ramifica religious and racial cultural, dichotomy its social, and male-female the of theprivileged less corporeal, the as other.inferior the The female relegation of the as feminine the to construct used been has human the and rational the tural, opposed cul to the as animal the and biological the natural, the with associations ineradicable with Thebody its tradition. theoretical of and Western philosophical heart at the respectively, been female, has and of male categories correlation with The rise of a counterculture in the mid-to-latethe in counterculture rise of a The vig injected a renewed 1960s the hintsex/gender distinction, to at first Simone the de was Beauvoir of former, the its privileging its subsequent with and Mind-body dualism, [class and age] (Diana Angaitis, qtd. in ‘Pro’Sobopha 117) in qtd. Angaitis, (Diana age] and [class gender of identity, and public its display race in us it yet separates band, common our is body The state. and society of politics the bearing sacrificial, and it sacred is society], [in acapitalist of technology apawn As hatred. and lust of desire, source the theand recipient both is flesh site—its contested ahighly is body ...the female 1. DOES THE BODY1. MATTER? THE DOES

realized that that realized - - - subjectivity being reductively defined in terms of reproductive function, Carter saw Carter function, of in terms reproductive reductively defined being subjectivity age oldthe problem is (22). ofpure pleasure” of female flesh Whenagainst pitted function the that only job, “to of is His Carter, her writes trade. assert hardships condition of aprostitute living the (who heroine) his be might for instance, or the encounters, conditions of sexual real the from describing to refrain is literature ( fiction manliness” of social to aparticular who “a subscribes consumer man its target terms”—and inviting “purely in act excitement—by sexual the describing of sexual arousal the function employwho might (22). sexes pornography to critique relation current between the her concept of “moral delineates the and pornographer” someone as functions, and features enumerates its of various genre pornographic literature, the places Carter “atrick”(13). that confidence clever backdrop ofthis gender sexuality and against is It matters in experience” of she notion female considers the and of “universality Carter irks what is self” of assertion the of “attainment” elementary “most final the and urge” “initial the between come in that factors as economic and status religion, race, of flesh” experience (12). governs our that sion taboo and Theclass, of overlooking explore it how, “the repres accompanying and “[f[lesh out to comes us of history” (7, lives our economic—of and social 4). to She proceeds circumstances—historical, of particular the instead to down us handed have been that universals false the with accordance in function that differentiation” sexual “ineradicable the and feminine” and of modes masculine “behavioural sanctioned and determined culturally to the (4-8). to point is along Carter’s endeavour of all earth” the fecundity and richness of soil, [and] the to receptivity the passive to equate “woman the which archetypes, determined by historically masked where “real conditions are the of life” archetypes and world to the then and of myths waiting, in ‘o’ anegative exists as that female and ‘!’ aspiring positive asa male its depiction with of of graffiti” reductionalism cal Freud’s with begins notion destiny, of anatomyCarter as moves on “anatomi to the of of employing women” “pornography possibility explores the service the (3). in (1). sexes relation between follows, she resultant that the preface polemical the In of women” nature determined it and questions the broaches about “culturally the relation toin its reproductive and function” sexuality “female to see its reluctance libertine—for and politician French aristocrat, eighteenth-century de Sade—an (1979) her writings. to through negotiate tried Carter Angela that scenario socio-political the was This camps. into different divided became feminists the which along axis the became Approach body to the sex-gender the distinction. as well as body, the preoccupation processes with bodily common a theirhad denominator in discussions on. so and These text a “feminine” of women’s tradition alternative of women’s anew possibility the writing, language,

with an introductory note in which she appraises the writings of Marquis of Marquis writings the she note appraises introductory which in an with Pornography, work [applied] with to do,” always art to “is Carter, its primary History Cultural in Exercise Sadeian Woman: An The begins Carter Angela 2. SADE, CARTER AND PORNOGRAPHY AND CARTER SADE, 2. SW SW 13-15). By convention, writer of the pornographic - -

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 75 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 76 of the moral pornographer as someone pornographerof moral as the whose (25). “unconscious pornographerthe conceptthe ally” an with up came she Thus, in and sexes relation between pornography toin critique apotential existing the caught holdcaught acriminal. of Sade’s him branded and secrets its attemptfreedom and to have “undisputed possession” which (7) of individual, the ( Carter’sin things scheme of significance of is great are” beings the female and male genders the of official the what no matter martyrised, means female and tyrannous where means and whip “the the male wields that hand the by an tyranny” is “expression of pure gratification wherebut sexual amodel of hell” (1951) We Sade? Burn 36-37; (Philips SW Carter, reality” apolitical as sexuality behaviour, “all and human all in paramount as desire human,”is sexual that “the consideration for of exclusive source their everything ofas body the cause born to bleed (26). wounded but creatures as beings human not as conditioned of women men women attitude towards themselves the and towards for ages has of Western which heart at culture, the castration of female of myth the acritique violence —as sexual and aberrations, sexual Sade’s stories of excesses—of Sade 4). to Beauvoir, According (Must of works We literature it his in Burn expressing and ethic” an sexuality “his of making act to this “real originality” his she attributes and Beauvoir fascinates what for is them responsibility he assumes which in manner the aberrations, the More Sade. than mature already we an meet because she writes, never known, be will about Sade tendencies random truth hold to The his or key aberrations. the might which days, childhood about of his evidence lack by to the pointing excesses (28). logic of repressive universality However,pervasive Sade’s sidesteps Beauvoir opposed to the as individualism of female championing his and fact asocial as ity She states that it was the society, with its denial of Sade’s society, the its it denial for with was that She absolute craving states (7) imaginary. the he chose happenings; contingent to the than of pleasure act the he wove around stories to the importance greater he attached because so he did persistence, and energy, shamelessness such it with to himself If devoted he existence. his of fulfilment possible only the to be to him appeared eroticism because eroticism to his existence his He [Sade] subordinated sexuality gratified of paradise awriter who “creates, as artificial Sade not an it. (22) he describes as obscenity of true realms he entered the as even culture our distorts women that contempt of the for heart to the to penetrate begin he might because perhaps enemy of not women, the would be apornographer Such kind. his and of man relations the real of act, sexual the of modulations infinite the through revelation, subsequent the and the flesh of demystification total the be would ...business Carter was not the first theto not women’sholdto valuable first as the Sade’s was writings Carter

had

expressed her admiration for Sade’s her admiration expressed of treatment sexual 31). Simone Must dein Beauvoir SW 27). She considers - freedoms of speech and expression. and of speech freedoms fundamental the of against going on grounds courts) the (law apparatus legal the (of councils United city the by many States), accepted by buttially later dismissed ini was which Ordinance, Rights Anti-pornography the Civil drafted MacKinnon and Dworkin Accordingly, theperpetrators. against by pornographylawsuits to file pornography to up sought tions delimit by provisions opening for women harmed organiza These members. as Lederer founding Laura and Barry Kathleen Griffin, Women,’ Violence ‘Women Media’ and and against against included Susan which pornography.‘Women groupsViolence foundedlike They in against Pornography who fought for against legislation MacKinnon, Catharine and Dworkin Andrea production the consumption of and pornography.notions regarding theircatered respective to definition sides involved each debate the and two by in the oppression the other condemning involved.the differently Pornography defined was and work—with pornography one sex and opportunity as endsuch the applauding to issues when it at opposite came found themselves of spectrum ends the feminists 1970s, the with Beginning attention theorists. the of and writers ahost of critics, to come, invited for decades anti-pornography and feminists sex-positive feminists of movement camps feminist the into to divide warring was which wars, sex/porn pornography as a violation of the civil rights of the women involved and the necessity to curb it. curb to necessity the and involved women of the rights civil of the aviolation as pornography of treating necessity the explain (1988). MacKinnon and Women’s for Equality Day Dworkin Here, meant “graphicmeant whores” depiction as ( of women vile as whore whores were pornography vile (not considered the vile) thus, is, all and that Greece ancient “whore” in respectively. “writing” that to state She and meaning proceeds etymology of the term pornography of term the ancient to the Greek words porne etymology violence, and sadism depicted in pornography, their corresponding occurrences in in depicted pornography, in sadism violence, occurrences and corresponding their battery)” and (203). rape women in (for instance dehumanization, abuse, hate, The against aggression physical care,” economy, systematized and religion “organized prostitution, pornography, of “law, institutions bypropagated the marriage, health colonisation of women’s and “sexual sanctioned reality by men bodies” amaterial considers the domination. Dworkin of male asystem operate within they that and (200). same menthe of sexually whores to serve is She purpose the contends that depiction the of women and the value involved pornography in remain status, the as well technology); in advancement content of pornographic as the the purpose and of number depiction of the whores in methods (with of the these increase the been has only change the to its root meaning; adheres pornography to still Dworkin, ing porne porne Carter’s Carter’s Anti-pornography feminists or radical feminists were mostly activists like like were activists mostly feminists or radical Anti-pornography feminists 1 Men Possessing Women her (1981) in book Pornography: Dworkin the traces

See Andrea Dworkin and Catharine MacKinnon Catharine and Dworkin Andrea See referred to the cheapest and least protected women least society, in and that cheapest toreferred the The

Sadeian WomanSadeian 3. FEMINIST SEX/PORN WARS SEX/PORN 3. FEMINIST 1 published 1979 in of feminist the dawn at the ’s Pornography and Civil Rights: A New ANew Rights: Civil and Pornography ’s PMPW 199-200). Accord 199-200). and and graphos graphos - - -

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 77 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 78 “Feminism, Moralism and Pornography” and “Feminism, Moralism (1979) wrote, (Sheets and638).MacKinnon in Dworkin of Ellen Willis to efforts counter the (1991),Bloody Chamber”” Task Force’ Anti-Censorship formed‘Feminist the they “Pornography, in Carter’s states Sheets “The Tales Angela Feminism: and Fairy Robin Ann As procreative sex. monogamy and love, heterosexual ogy”—romantic “repressions from the escape ideol of bourgeois an pornography and as for pleasure an avenueas who sawsex Gayle Pat Rubin, and group Califia include Willis, Ellen the members early Theof subcultures. sexual marginalized already to the a threat it was because and women’s and sex around fantasies, of shame sense sexual own a or freedom choice, perpetuating it sexual limited as anti-pornographythe stance to “act on” opportunity pornography women the an pictures. in of consumers the gives and women industry) abusive (in situations in sex real the condemned it pornographynation. Subsequently, puts as MacKinnon Catharine on domi based practice asexual with themselves have aligned they as Juliettes” Feminist a (174). practice the rape, and theory the of Chronicle Personal Far: The too Going In women. For pornography Morgan, violence was against pornography sexual and between aconnection made already had Brownmiller Susan and Robin Morgan abolition the ofin of 1970s, the pornography. years closing the like writers During to women’s women key the and oppression violence and against emancipation is of forms of all root the cause be will and been, is pornographycontends has that held is to her be that responsibility, (199). her shame” asexuality in However, she symbolized comes be to ultimately suffers female the indignity “Somehow every (1971) Dialogue Candid epigraph to her chapter on an it pornography: as uses and ( of women,” injury,rights and assault” and rape of ground “insult abreeding and of women’s “orchestrated destruction an souls,” and “a bodies violation of civil the on pornography,touted one texts it condemns as of most important as the Dworkin Dworkin. of disturb women general experiences lived in the in abuse production of the and hate women lives in ofthe same pornography used the and ian feminists upheld the idea of pleasure, supported all kinds of consensual sexual sexual of consensual kinds upheld supported all idea of the pleasure, feminists ian women, libertar the whereas violence against male validating as sadomasochism pornography and as such practices and dominance male perpetuating as practices sawheterosexual community feminist lesbian the to affiliations their with feminists Radical sexuality. and sex towards attitude from their spring two the between ences xxvii-xxx Sex-positive feminists or libertarian feminists, on the other hand, condemned condemned on other hand, the feminists, or libertarian Sex-positive feminists Men introduction Possessing to elaborate Women her book Pornography: an In A closer look at both sides of the debate shows that the irreconcilable differ irreconcilable lookA closer the sides of debate at both the shows that (464) impulse. aradical expresses on men—it women than on damage even more inflicted have hypocrisy—which and repression sexual rejecting But in reactionary. it deeply is alienation, sexual and supremacy male glorifies pornography as Insofar preserve. male as a defined been has that sexuality of her aspect on an insisting arebel, asense in is fantasy) arape enjoying means (even that enjoys who pornography if awoman avictim; is raped is who A woman (1977), who defended “Sade’s pornography as feminists new she labelled The Prostitution A Papers: Prostitution ). from The She Millet words borrows of the Kate - - - - , participation in the male culture of violence. culture male the in participation women’s their that idea the possible liberation is only through sexual disseminating and stereotypes for patriarchal reinforcing Carter who criticized feminists radical (84).nist” Dworkin’s sentiments aboutSadeian The Woman “pseudo as femi ofwho to feminism attempts employ service Sade’s the in writings Carter as writers such and brands culture misogynistic of areflection our as writings “endemic with them contempt.” women dismiss such and views against Dworkin Sade’s crimes tend to trivialize writings and life who his other writers chronicled as one (95). Sade’s becomes them among and that states well biographers as Dworkin of suffering theperpetrators with herself aligns the other while interminably suffers stuck,” are one into things dolls which wax pornography—“they found in are types of all prototypical are to Dworkin, according Juliette, and Justine characters female them.His in or revel administrations eitherits suffer domination—you can and Fortyranny. her, Sade’s one’s around world power male functions towards attitude violence and of unmatched a perpetrator of and feminism” “anti-Christ an as Sade considersupon women.Dworkin he inflicted for cruelties the him condemns and (70). real” and blood of Sade’s She women elaborates imagined biography detail in the in a “cloth as soaked writings and knot,” life his and into one scurvy twisted “theShe world’s considers as Sade foremost pornographer,” “a awriter and rapist on Sade. raphy: Men Possessing entire Women to chapter discussions devoted an representation bythe pornography. of violence Pornog perpetuated in Dworkin and stereotypes sexual of construction theabout discussions whento came it figure important an for sex-positive was Sade the as well feminists, as pornography feminists of violence against women and other sexual minorities, the fissure remains fissure the minorities, women other sexual and of violence against kinds different against struggle for need to their the join them in and forces camps warring of two the of arguments the exclusive nature about mutually the said was of to women erotic 110). pleasure (Ferguson denial the mourning Though much other the and sexuality female emotional of loss essentially the the side mourning claims—one to essentialist resorting and (Purcell) stance” into extremist asingle opposing to side’s the respect claims), positions “collapsing the of opposition the exclusive manner an (with pornography in of defining guilty are Both freedom. and (1984), powernists” of sexuality, nature the regarding assumptions work set with Femi Libertarian and Radical War: “Sex in TheDebate between argues Ferguson Ann as feminists, libertarian and Radical of women’s fantasies. and needs sexual society’s the ideal anti-pornography saw and movements validating as activities The Infernal Desires of Angela Carter: Fiction, Femininity, Feminism (1997).Feminism Femininity, Fiction, Carter: Angela of Desires Infernal Treason” The in as Feminism Angela Carter’s re-reading of Marquis de Sade was of anti- interest to the was de Sade of Carter’s Marquis re-reading Angela 2

The Sadeian Woman Sadeian The Carter’s “Angela Keenan. Sally see on Carter, For more criticism 4. CARTER AND THE SADEIAN WOMAN SADEIAN THE AND 4. CARTER 2 Sex-positive feminists, on other the Sex-positive feminists, were shared by many by many were shared - - - :

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 79 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 80 effects since effects far-reaching “moral having it she pornography” as sees and calls world Carter what is women.theand use “‘grabbing’ of of effect” The pornography to comment the on men between interactions social areflection of as relations representative of sexual subversiveand writing hence, (28).considershis minefields beds Carter all and tenderness false, all suspect, of sexuality involved. aspects He renders all dynamics violence, cruelty, power by the the presenting the and and ways abominable in sex how floutedconventions theSade delineates and thepornographic of by describing years, hundred two for more for banned Sade’s areason than being as writings this (20). it banned is to life, comment on real She cites starts and ventional functions of agiven society, values and it tolerated, once is ideas it and out steps of its con the to reinforce pornography long conclusion serves to as comes as the that Carter arepresentation of people suppressed. what do to one another—is activity—as sexual metaphor the involved and reinforced in successfully are sexuality female of negative if by a as woman person (14-17). first in written are narratives archetypes the Here, the and fantasies, own his enact to for and reader step inside have the agap texts favourite the clude heroine prostitute the as of pornography, pornographic the since outside history, area born” outside is locationless geography, (13). art where fascist “belong[s] she writes, timeless, its excesses, to that and universalizing of false process ( being sexed collective favourthein of sacrificed is representations of women men and where unique ‘I’ the archetypal these found in be woman” cannot or areal of man “aof glimpse women, men real any and is, that versions pornography shows mythic to all Carter, According end-all. and its be-all as pornography, pleasure with terms purely inviting relations in namely, sexual to paint Here, conventions inviting. she to exotic refers and one of main of the unchangeable, something but as practice, of human apart as or relations sex expression of social an as relations it to not women does show because sexual its presentin harmful form is Sadeian The Woman her treatise She begins sexuality. women their and circumscribing in used archetypes and acritique of myths as the act society. tendencies For its extreme Sade’s Carter, and patriarchal inherently writings by the nurtured and of sanctioned women that institutions and in literature graphic of treatment women the porno in between out toattempts bring similarities the It of pornographic. the use feminist the with engage as well as undermine them in portrayed exaggerations the as well as of stories Juliette of the and Justine re-reading tendencies. Carter’s its various repetition oftions and pornography explicates and sentialist assumptions underlying definitions as well as representations of femininity. as well definitions underlying assumptions sentialist es demythologizing and attempt at deconstructing an as Carter’s saw treatise hand, opposition to the idealization of motherhood and maternal body. maternal and of motherhood idealization the to opposition her and feminism victim namely, movement of times, her feminist of the aspects important some with disagreements her to due mostly was Carter to opposition the that argues Keenan article this In The Sadeian Sadeian The Woman of in pornography listed features important Other enumerates the conven the enumerates History Cultural in Exercise Sadeian Woman: An The SW by stating that pornography that by stating 6). Pornography the assists in - - - - - gullibility, whining, frigidity, and “reluctance to take control of her own life” makes control makes of “reluctance her life” to frigidity, take and own whining, gullibility, her and incompetence, reward reap to will aworld where goodness she hopes that (57-58). meaning” all thereby diminish a“sentimental Justine’s is response” virtue and of for her themselves experience meaning the ofpresence who others extract invisible “conducted the in of are women whose lives general, always in case the in as happen to her that but her” it do not into things events, change turns and experience invalidates her reducing toand “the innocence dupe “her experience,” is, of an that (55). of her sexuality own fear amonstrous harbours (53-54). she and considers “repression” Justine virtues ultimate “abstinence” as and linked reputation were inextricably whose honour woman sexual bourgeois and of ideal eighteenth-century represents the of time, the sensibility of feminine the aman’s in a poor woman Justine, world, a “repository” and “a of feeling” receptacle awoman” (SW “born of 43-44). crime being involuntarily—the committed has she for that acrime punished awoman” incessantly and of as her life circumstances the by as a woman “martyrized is described of Virtue orMisfortunes Justine, The hero/heroine by down society. of titular laid the Justine as sexuality and femininity conventions of eighteenth-century the conventions as well of pornographic as the contextthethe of within transpire discussions These at length. discussed also are of Vice.and Philosophy Boudoir The the and in Hundred Sodom at Days Twenty andor The Prosperities ofJuliette, namely,of Sade, Virtue orMisfortunes Justine, The claims: possible Carter (27).was respect, this In of for freedom all ideal the towards transformation social aradical that he believed pornographers because and most satirists than He set. novels ventured further are the which in time historical the as well as on mankind satire” a“wounding make upon women”inflicts (25). use pornographyof made Carter, Sade to to According upon “too women” society ofour areminder mutilations was vicious the that and “erotic the by portrayed men violence and territory committed unknown a previously he ventured into (24). because themselves” were murderesses banned they And ritual arethe not they when victims prime sacrificial women the at which are festival a cruel into of encounters the of sexuality truths unacknowledged the “turning imagination exploitation. ( exploitation. worst of the seeds the contain may unions freest the that pretensions, own of their parodies are bed marriage the in meetings everyday the ... to showtions that and rela of notions these basic most our to overturn is purpose whose guerrilla sexual a imagination, of the a terrorist to power become it his in has ... pornographer the Justine’s poverty and femininity are described as threating her autonomy threating as described are Justine’s femininity and poverty themajor chapteris of each devoted to The Sadeian In works every Woman, to women. ( not inimical ideology by an it of invaded women, to be or, allowed service perhaps, the He in put pornography ... period. of his writers other most and times atall pornographers other all from apart him sets This worlds. imaginary his of in power beings women as installing in for women, and sexuality of free rights for claiming period his in unusual He was of aterrorist the to for Carter, he became ofSade’s importance are writings SW 24) SW 41-42) -

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 81 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 82 like Garbo and Dietrich and the “pretty dumb blonde” immortalized by Marilyn by Marilyn dumb blonde” “pretty the and Dietrich immortalized and Garbo like to Hollywood imports playedWest, European by the drag women in who appeared played by Mae end” to at be an assumed be may life whose woman, sexual aged “the Pickford, middle- played by Mary waif” “the pre-sexual as such of femininity completely yet idealizations to oblivious her eroticism.Girl”—erotic Hollywood own “Good heroine, Bad the in resulted (asexual) pre-requisites as body for a virtuous attractive brothel celluloid the of cinema” the a sexually “in (68). and face A beautiful Justines on twentieth-century onfollowed is Justine by acommentary commentary Carter’s freedom. their women curb and to circumscribe used are femininity, which of on idealizations attempt light the to throw an as by Carter read of is Justine gles of her of strug the body. sanctity and portrayal Sade’s virginity exaggerated virtue, equated to of femininity the ideal with her is identification Justine’s misfortunes ple” her forms story. on ( run” “angel-face the She an is in a world which regards “good looks as a commodity” (65). acommodity” “good as looks a worldin regards which it sells and her sexuality to acknowledge who refuses woman attractive a sexually (88). of story the sad paints to killed” Thus, be is, Justine case—that passive the in die is to case thepassive in and to case” “exist thepassive in to defined be is desire is the “towoman be theperfect of tale thefairy Theof moral womanhood. of (44). ideal tale” Sade’s Thus, the eighteenth-century of parody a becomes Justine self-reverence of hence their become “heroine[s] and part fairy of inverted ablack, as value they everything arestripped of They arse. to their attentionthe turned is in debunked are freakish inherently as buttocks and breasts the of and to ashamed be (87). of reproduction ridiculed is The service idea the of women’s something as body in Thesanctioned only as notion sex of chastised. are and of objects fury mothers are geration of condition the of women, (64, 70). exag an femininity As of masochistic Monroe, myth who the propagate Marilyn and Dietrich Garbo, as such icons of twentieth-century the Hollywood O’Brien Didion,” Joan and Edna heroines and Rhys, of Jean “the tearful as such (65). heroines literary of precursor many the twentieth-century the as in She hailed is condition the female of theaetiology of pornographic personification the as Justine of self-pity (65). full and second nature, their becomes Sadeian The Woman tools” suffering to dotill so; doomed of to existential suffer it for “lack the remake of women”in a world trapped themselves them;unablenot formade who to find her woman” a“perfect centuries (62.) “the of two prototype as described is Justine for women of upper class who value their beauty and chastity ( chastity and for beauty women their who value of upper class Justine Sade’s Justine treats her body as a temple and the “desecration of tem the Sade’s atemple “desecration her the as body and treats Justine In Sade’s novels, as Carter rightly points out, the worst tortures are reserved reserved are points out, worst tortures the rightly Sade’sIn Carter novels, as ( impotence. in trapped forever powerlessness, and of irresistibility image enigmatic the present they so the world;contribution to sufficient itself in is being dear their that into abelief her sisters and Justine deluded has conspiracy world. Worstthe acultural of all, with of mode dealing a positive as of femininity denial the praxis, as femininity of denial twentieth-century early and nineteenth for the model the is Justine when the girls imprisoned in the monastery are thrust face-down and and face-down thrust are monastery imprisoned the in girls when the SW 81) SW SW 43). The root-cause of SW 84).Wives and presents presents object of of - - - Juliette throughout coprophagicand activities The orgies repeated functions. mothering andof in terms reproductive its defined sexuality feminine against call aclarion is it. Sade’s it eventually, kills and Juliette neglects her child, to nurture she refuses because function mothering the she undermines birth, giving Evenheritance. after her in ensure who will from de Count Lorsanges achild except children to bear her lover, of her gender; mutability and unwillingness the same) doing the showing Noirceuil, and man marrying awoman as dressed and awoman marrying aman as dressed (Juliette anarchy” of “charade sexual the in herof participation her times; France the in crime capital intercourse—a anal in participation involve her willing of self-interest” (115-17). of armoury the “part is femininity whose girl Cosmopolitan “profanethe for whore” “world, of the predecessor who the stands is worldly” and is blonde,the suffering theJuliette of or predecessor who suffers woman blameless (114). accordingly lives and of the virgin,” “holy archetype the is the Justine If class patriarchy) (the ruling the theinterests of with she identifies because thrives (113). punishment i.e., only he rules, escapes Juliette hangman the that says Carter where but not a country in (98). its inherent contradictions a hangman She like is her gender transcending in who succeeds awoman is Juliette on sale. best the as presents herself and but acommodity nothing as of awoman a world values which one is her about story prosperities ( of the vice and drivesJuliette what are gratification” “libidinal and gain Financial suffering. of aman’s practices and precepts the world, not hencebut does inflicts and suffer undermined. and ridiculed is woman passive the as woman of perfect the tale fairy the process, the In well. as femininity (68-71).of of sexuality constructions new-age explores the thus Sadeian Woman The denial the with of virtue association exemplifying Justines new-age all Monroe are Many feminists have singled out this text, which expresses republican and atheist atheist and republican expresses which text, out have singled this feminists Many orgy, of of Boudoir. in Philosophy the an middle aconsiderable occupies the length called Boudoir in Philosophy the activities. other allied and amale, of masturbating techniques the pleasure, sensual female of clitoris in the function the bodies, female the and male anatomythe the with on lessons of ways Sadeian in educated girl,oldis fifteen-year Sadeian The Woman in reproductive examined function,” also is the heroinein her and “ambivalent principle triumph over typified female the as of ( scared are dominant the and powerful the which mankind” of secularisation “the final mean will world, that and this but nothing with left be we will of eternity bereft because conceptthe of eternity people’s of traces of emancipation eternity. of of women fear Carter collapse to the it concept with the and of goddess construct womb,of sacred the of imaginary the supremacy, of to world robs Carter, maternal the ing of concept the of theory the ception, abortion, ( family, prostitution, cruelty and Yet Another Effort, Frenchmen, if you Would Become Republican Become you if Would Frenchmen, Yet Effort, Another can be seen as asubversion of erotic. Sade’s the as seen be of allure the novel, can accord intersperses orgies with philosophical sermons on love, marriage, contra sermons on love, philosophical marriage, with orgies intersperses Other aspects of interest in Juliette’s story of excesses and transgressions transgressions and of Juliette’s interest in of excesses story aspects Other to according presentsSade Justine’s who her acts in Juliette sister antithesis Philosophy in the Boudoir in the Philosophy , which describes the education of a Sadeian education of the aSadeian describes , which SW SW SW 127). 90). Juliette partakes of the vices of vices the 90). partakes Juliette SW 138). pamphlet A political (137). a Eugénie, , read out, read in - - -

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 83 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 84 Yet Another Effort of for freedom women. the Sadeian The Woman itopinions, speaks as Loyola, Loyola, in appreciation Barthes She, criticism. and like between alternates Her relations. attitude violence tooblivious the of inherent Sade’s sexual in portrayal (162-63). violence,”of and butchery Carter states is not Carter that see we Thus, terms in relations on; therefore about he lay hands sexual writes he can anything sensuality of disinfect will and great puritan is a to “Sade meat. akin as of flesh “pawn”from the “queen,” to the master. the still is but King the transforms She, analogy, Carter’s to chess use de Mistival. on Madame commits approves and she atrocities of the engineers Eugénie’s as well Boudoir at the stint as husband) but her (Mistival’s father approved of her sexuality limits socially the (155). law” the and world the in king of the god, transgresses Eugénie For instance, conditioned to “subverts Carter, role only her socially woman, according own Sadeian (151). of time the framework philosophical the within i.e.,tyranny, he remains The opposition,” in by existing defined as only conceive as freedom of “freedom he can liberation” (154). of Sade’s paradox points central to the pornography: Here, Carter for amachine of “constructing to possibility triumph over the sidesteps and pain” to let “pleasure opportunity an refuses Sade that disappointed is Carter orgasm. an reaches point at the when she almost she faints that to is Carter, violation, according Mistival’s de Madame toof suppress her daughter’shighlight The trying sexuality. for as well as it reproductive to the function subordinating herrepressing sexuality, up. for She sewn punished is is organ her and sexual lus), syphilis with infected is phal mechanical daughter by raped by dildo—a her herflogged a husband, (using is de Mistival Madame at length: discussed are her and instructors by Eugénie (Eugénie’sMistival de mother)upon Madame inflicted Thecruelties tortured. and theinto Thebody the us mother, of worldhated is function. which brings pain, of mothering for the mother adeep-rooted the and hatred Itundertones. advances at psychoanalytic hinting Breast’ the and Liberty, Misanthropy Appendix: ‘Kleinian ‘Mothers titled Daughters,’ are and its subsections and of and Oedipus” aFemale republic ( of this ways the in freedom” trained to everyone qualified “a certain guarantee will which sexuality, alibertarian forging in terested notes the absence of eroticism in Sade as well as the mythic quality of Sade’s quality mythic the as well of as Sade absence eroticismnotes in the The Sadeian Sadeian of The Woman Finale” The “Speculative Education subtitled “The is on Boudoir in Philosophy the Carter’s commentary Sade, according to Carter, envisions this hypothetical republic in is and hypothetical to envisions Carter, this according Sade, ( of Venus to us. to open you as battles as of the career the and are we as free as you are heart: of your impulses divine the imprison and charms your wither that prejudices barbarous no those more under Languish herself. of Nature that than no more morality desires, own of your those than laws no other tastes, your than it. curb no Have other wills nature bonds; those break Ah, other? the by chains in kept be of mankind part diviner one. the from Must hold yourselves duty, your do not with makes Nature that pleasures the enjoy all do, you shall men as just free; be you will sex, ... own Charming their satisfy to fully low them to al we ought surely desires, women submit to our should all ... that we admit If : discusses Sade’s treatment discusses SW 139). Sade, Fourier, Fourier, Sade, SW 139) SW also analyses analyses also - - - - pornographic occupies an uneasy middle ground. Apart from Apart ground. middle uneasy an pornographic occupies the use and pornographyof thea tool feminist fluid; for hence, liberation seems of asource oppression pornography as violence pornography and and between as Theboundary advocate. sex-positive liberation that the feminists do not guarantee pornography as such practices allied and (103),themselves sexuality libertarian the but within do them of not maleness signs “integrate” “ingest” libertines female the Just as sexuality. of libertarian limitations the tively, analyses of Juliette story the Alterna andsanctity. purity, with sacrifice virginity, femininity allying against warns “repression also It status. with of“victim” sexuality,” identification the and of Sade’s the problems the Carter’s surrounding delineates analysis Justine wars. sex/porn feminist the exploration surrounding of debates an the as described better of aporn movie ( scene city,the on way, her the and crotch-less dropping knickers her reminiscent dress are of of heart the of her Evelynnipples into and luring deep labyrinth the underneath, purple-painted her peeking her coat, short white dotted-cottondress, her fur red stockings, her mesh heels, black six-inch with shoes high leather black Leilah’s act. the finally and striptease from apornographic novel where luring, is there lifted scene be a to appears tochase her The abode. to led have on her is by and Leilah to her. From attracted is and moment the at adrugstore her, he sees he determined is of colour. awoman YorkNew Leilah Evelyn meets encounter Leilah, his with and Evelyn/Eve. The novel follows of titular relationships Evelyn’s the various travel to section. following the in delineated on pornographic as the discussions elaborate has of Eve Passion it; The New and connoisseur andpornographyof is a enjoys Bloody emulating Chamber” “The in in Honeybuzzard For pornographic. to Carter’s replete references the is example, oeuvre feminism, with of service the of pornographic in the on use the explicit commentary an is which and its relationship with the fairy tale genre. tale fairy the its with relationship and Carter’s amyth of treatment Sade’s as have discussed writings critics Many writings. entitled “ entitled New Eve New noteworthy. He states: 5. EVELYN/EVE: THE MASCULINE AND THE FEMININE THE AND MASCULINE THE 5. EVELYN/EVE: (123). Woman Sadeian The and The Passion of New Eve of New Passion The discusses the pornographic in its portrayal of the its portrayal pornographic in the discusses of Eve Passion The New 3 beak and voracious hunter. the played My had full-fleshed pursuit, the throughout my a bird prey,of prey, I suppose, upon her although down like, I dropped and but cock nothing Iwas now gone into my away tumescence; was my existence All clamorous. was breathing our both floor, on the stripped, I her fur She dropped

For instance, Aidan Day in AngelaRational Carter:Glass in The Day Aidan For instance, Shadow Dance Shadow PNE The Passion of Passion The in archetypes and myths with engagement ” Carter’s 19-29). Evelyn’s is act the and description of chase the poses for pornographic photographs; poses Marquis the 3 However, However, The Sadeian Sadeian The Woman The Sadeian Sadeian The Woman discusses in the chapter chapter the in discusses can be be can - ,

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 85 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 86 ity), to innumerable portraits of Virgin and child, and to videotapes designed to designed to videotapes and child, ity), and of Virgin to innumerable portraits formed newly Evethe of movies to the Tristessa version (Hollywood’s of feminin of feminism. strands by certain advocated as of parody, asimple inversion points through dangers Carter, to the of status quo the constituent of binary. the powerful the as feminine by the replaced is masculine utopia of where afeminist the represent dangers the castration and rape, capture, Evelyn’s before castration. collected sperm own his hertion with of impregnating anticipa subjected in to is psycho-surgery, and structure awomb in housed is like The to awoman. new- be him Eve/Evelyn Eve” programmes and “diminutive his to him castrates Evelyn, forcefully of tiers nipples—rapes enormous two form with ricide” “the Emasculator.” and Grand grotesque The mother-figure Beulah—an of “the herself Great Par home who of calls awoman to Beulah—the taken is and of pornography scripting acritique the and of its conventions.between vacillates Leilah and for TheEvelyn encounter them. she punished between is and her crimes, are fecundity and sexuality her. leaves abortion, and Leilah’s disastrous the and seduction, pregnancy the them—the between transpired has that for all Leilah Evelyn blames sterilized. it her abortion, and for Leilah leaves convinces an her. Evelyn Evelyn order love Nevertheless, submissive in to her marry make and and obedient turns the hand, on other Leilah, inconvenience The pregnant to him. ashocking and embarrassment an she becomes and child, his with she pregnant is scratched be that an (31).must itch flesh, of irritation (30). an she becomes and Eventually, Leilah bored with Evelyn gets fantasy man’s of every sexual image the with to doing concur her and best mirror” a in watched a“solipsistic being in herself trapped world watching of woman the “erotic to an inevitably herself (30). as dream” transforming Evelynand Leilah saw (29). her dressed and body, her face herwatch her getting He painting observed to Evelyn to a “seductive herself and liked apparatus” took hours transforming up to to go work, she dressed (28). victim” when Leilah a “born evenings, the In ironic of laughter curious the long. day with She submitted toall indignities such room her the in leaving belt and his her with bed to the by tying transgressions such autonomy However, of sexual she performs. only acts the her Evelyn for punished Evelyn’s her inside are cock limp and of her thrusting and act tired pleasure carnal Evelyn’s brothel”( “domestic own becomes which apartment adingy in shows who lives sex simulated in participant occasional an and bar at the dancer model, anaked appetite. She anaked is sexual conventions age-old to the back refers of pornographic. the language charged sexually overpowering her. Here, metaphor the of hunter bird the the of and prey, the and The programming of Eve or the “psycho-surgery” is performed by exposing exposing performed by is of Evethe or The “psycho-surgery” programming sect all-female an by the desert in captured is Leilah, fromEvelyn, who flees However, moment the that Evelyn’s he vanishes learns for desire Leilah Moreover, Leilah is described as having soft black skin and avoracious and skin black soft having as Moreover, described is Leilah with Evelyn ends thechase thechase, the is hunter during Leilah Though ( city’s to the gift. me, night’s the gift Leilah, suddenly, suddenly. her thighs, of wound love poisoned tore between the open PNE 29). Leilah’s yearning for more more 29). and yearning Leilah’s PNE 25) - - -

the the into me turned had of gender: “They constructedness the to her form new highlights of gender women roles. men Eve’s into respective and their programming response as a metaphorthe forsocial of Eveacts The programming instincts. maternal instil section of novel the section ( of this antithesis,” throughout “Messiah repeated the is forth to bring nurtured and created been Eve, woman. new having Eve, techno-created the through scrutinized are masculine the and of feminine the production the sustenance in and images The role ironical. of man’smedia-generated Eve—“every woman” highly is perfect model for creation of the the new as images propagated media and Fashion-magazine ( sight of at the myself” twitched my I put still, in head, it—the cock can And—how fantasy. become my masturbatory Ihad own my head. in own existed opinions and express their concerns. their express and opinions to were clutches voice from the a tool denied ofof time their free patriarchy the women women the the Zero’s in as writers to speak, right were the denied harem tendencies. for from fight women’s a free new Just phallocentric feminist language the with aligned be volition and can women to harem the the in of language denial Moreover, wives. his and Zero the between interactions the through scrutinized oppression their in are accomplices women women willing and as violence against to of Church soul Zero” ( and heart body, themselves, “dedicated they and devotion wives, the of and his obedience whose position depended a godhead on the like acted Zero lashes. bullwhip and assaults with brutal werepenalized transgressions of Theslightest he pleased. when and as for him dance and pornography style ahigh in for him or undress up dress of week, the night day, on assigned the duties the to him wifely perform throughout worktheranch on morning, every feet bare his kiss were They to wives. from his humility removed. and front complete He teeth demanded subservience their and fringe astraight cut short with hair He their had but dungarees. nothing to wear them allowed and sounds but animal anything in from communicating themslaves. He forbade themlike treated and dorm afilthy in harem his housed ( society of acivilized do not paraphernalia they the need that and men than stuff soul ofmoremade adifferent, animal-like moreprimitive, of women. women humiliation To and dation that are believes Zero with, begin degra resultant tendencies, the and ofnamely, sadomasochist perpetuation the anti-porn by feminists, the of listed pornography as dangers the house illustrates treatment The of Zero’swomen harem. in to his taken is ranch Zero, and called the andby captured poet” then one-legged “one-eyed Sheis the desert. to fleeing incest. and transgression of Oedipal tale inversion of psychoanalytic the unmistakable your mother” Sleep ( with your father! “Kill as such of incantations Evelyn’smidst the outin carried is instance, grotesque by Mother the rape figure For of psychoanalytic. the use feminist the with engages here and Carter struggle amajor point was ofon contention feminism Second Wave the throughout feminist psychoanalysis influence The of of Christ. birth of creation of Evemyth virgin the and Playboy Eve, however, escapes her captivity and the impending motherhood impending by the Eve, and however, her captivity escapes The centrefold. I was the object of all the unfocused desires that had ever ever had that desires unfocused the object the of all centrefold. Iwas

also discusses psychoanalytic theories, the biblical biblical the theories, psychoanalytic discusses ofPassion also New Eve PNE 67). PNE PNE PNE 99). Gender essentialism as justifying the the justifying 99). as Gender essentialism PNE 87). Therefore, 87).he Therefore, PNE 64)—an 64)—an PNE 75). 75). -

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 87 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 88 a “sensuous fabrication of mythology” and Eve and responds: a “sensuous of fabrication mythology” to be man’s world, revealed the is woman, in every woman perfect most beautiful impersonator (144) world” the in female “the greatest .The transvestite, a man—a to be when Tristessa revealed is anti-climax an undergo incarnate, desire for being (8). world” not of this Evelyn’s of Tristessa reveries Zero’s and for Tristessa, hatred (7). He pornographic narratives “she loved many happened in her was only because it as course, or golf on asuburban stars” wheeling the under forest amidnight in tree to perhaps a tied, naked, “meeting Tristessa, she stark fantasied always Evelyn had life. his through Tristessano to way Evelyn have longer the her wanted all possess she can Evelyn, overcome that is regret and as toEve her back with days journeys Thediscoversfigures. moment wax she as Tristessa, off onethe of pass to trying fin 117). (PNE of Hollywood” dead “unfortunate the Eve Tristessa acof in discovers of coffins in works wax with filled mausoleum her mausoleum—a own was which her. raid aglasshouse, She harem in lives his and when Zero solitude of desert the virility. his her dry” for punish “sucking and dwelling along herto destroy to harem find his Tristessa’s manages takes andZero abode desert, the months around of scouting After of narrative. the condition part his are for quest Tristessa tireless to avenge his and on him vasectomy aspiritual performed Zero’s Tristessa towards (a icon), screen she hatred had that Hollywood belief his scenario. of Sadeian the reminiscent are human than less as consent to treated be worldtheir order.and Zero’s for suffering, for cruelty, capacity wives’ capacity his model of patriarchal the aminiature impotent as an harem version as his well and as disabled archetype—a arepresentative of patriarchal the as fore. functions Zero brought is relationships to the male-female of all aspect inextricable an violence as ( her woman peremptory into prick asavage turned his a woman; (86). her into However, of turned mediation Zero rack” the that she later admits my mine own of torture, instrument anonymous an was body his for pain; the Butler states in Gender Trouble in Butler states Rome” ( attacking to “vandals Zero’s made is Eve Zero’s savagery hours and compares wife. of two eighth sexual Tristessa functions as an iconography of the ever-suffering woman as well as the as as well iconography an woman of ever-suffering the as Tristessa functions iconographic one” only an ( no ontological status, of idea himself; an as (185). world Tristessa Carter’s except “no this Eve had that in new states function its reality” constitute which acts various from the apart no ontological status “has Tristessa, having retired from Hollywood at the age of forty, is living in the the in of forty, age at living the is from Hollywood retired Tristessa, having Here, Carter anticipates Judith anticipates Butler’sHere, of performance. Carter gender as theory (128-29)to humanity. no concessions made who woman unbegotten world, an the in woman beautiful most the able to become been no wonder had Tristessa of man, aspirations secret the completely most she incarnates as far so in only beautiful indeed is a woman If loved! have he could woman only the of himself made he had desires, own of his theshrine himself made man’s had He woman! perfect the been whyhad is he That in a span twice when night The raped she is is Evetheharem, brought to PNE that the gendered body is performative, that is, it is, that gendered performative, the is body that 91) no in way prepared “I she was states: and PNE 108). Here, PNE 129). 129). - tenderness, passion and pleasure. Eve realization: out pleasure. the comes and passion with tenderness, of union the of love, place ameeting novel, as the in described other unions is the Eve,and unlike union enjoyed The as of sexes. the pleasure by both Tristessa of sexual the knowledge forbidden the for apunishment obtaining prophet, the as blinded whoTiresias was Platonic great the “we hermaphrodite” made (148).gether had invokes Here, Carter (146). Tiresias” we are who me. we Iknow are; towards “HeEve states, came To with Eve a potentoffers critique ofheteronormativity. affair ensuing his instance, For femininity, and of masculinity of Tristessa performativity points to the transvestism Eve. and the Zero If and of Leilah, Evelyn and case the of in Tristessa, as case the evident in is suffering and female desire male between novel.men the in link The the of all adolescent adult fantasies and of childhood, the ever-desirable symbol sex to the deconstruction of myths of sex/gender used to contain and constrain woman woman constrain and of to sex/gender contain used of myths deconstruction to the then, a reference becomes people. the The apocalypse, than rather archetypes and myths to the world? she referring is It that post-apocalyptic the seems in ones fare old the question: how pertinent will avery asks Carter juncture, its this prime. At past was that milieu andcultural is a therepresentative oldsocial of woman This vodka. and food bones (177). on lived canned and thirties from the songs She sang from her andsagged ravaged wrinkled, all was her and flesh dirt covered in all was suit bathing white two-piece and red and heels, high face, painted rouge, maroon lipstick, hair, yellow dyed scarlet canary with her The woman on beach. woman the spirit the (175). in world” of redundancy deal good there’s dead, a all are but gods function; the a useful Mothers served Virgin and of spirit, the no Harlots Sacred doubt Virgins, Divine manifestations symbolic the of “And on agreement nature the states, a consensus when when was Lilith there point novel the in its high attains on subversion the ofcommentary archetypes Carter’s seas. by to cave now the awomb-like retired has and breakdown a nervous suffered archetype, aperfect at constructing Eve Mother, that informs failed having Lilith of archetype. Mother’s part ‘feminine’ projectwas to aperfect create grand on her orders. acting Evelyn/Eve been had along, who, all ‘the Mother of Beulah’ of daughter the to Lilith, be revealed is novel. to the Leilah background the forms that war thecivil in group fighting leader of the aresistance saved byis Leilah—now army, Eve Christian from the Eve, along. Tristessa who takes escapes and kills desert, of of Eve Passion The New crux the On their way to meet the Mother, way to the meet On their encounter old amad, Eve Lilith and Eve Tristessa and from the captures boys Christian of conservative A band form anegation of determinism biological and opposed toGender sex as (149-50) me. bewilder they Still questions. these to answer the know I do not still and woman, man both been have I Though Ido not know. that breasts, engine-turned and incision fresh or factory my own Tristessa’s apparatus to do with long so neglected anything have they if female, and involve male they whether be, might of feminine nature the and masculine of nature the But what necessity. in locked are negation its and quality that—the of sure involve one Iam another. which correlatives are feminine and Masculine , but, as usual, there are no binding conclusions. no binding are there usual, , but, as -

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 89 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 90 The Passion of Eve Passion explored The New in issues are of femininities construction the as as well thein pornographic relation to gaze male The anti-pornography feminisms. pro- and the including circulation, in of femininity strands various toscribing the of sub one dangers to the alert and roles to perfection masculine their perform or aPlayboy centrefold version also of Zero it Evelyn what to and awoman. be is world, the in porn movie the woman version of aprostitute of most beautiful the version it be Hollywood’s the performance, through femininity their Eve validate element performative points pornography. to the in Evelyn, and also Tristessa, Leilah of thefrom perspective once Eve,who was narrated Thestory herand sexuality. and analysis of the essential criticism on Angela Carter published in 2001. in published Carter on Angela criticism essential of the analysis and of colonization: on the one hand, the asymmetries of representation enacted as well well of representation as enacted asymmetries of on the one colonization: the hand, contextthe within resonances significant has Other of the representing act the that who argue Spivak, Gayatri and Said Edward like theorists of postcolonial writings of other peoples and other parts of the world” (Day of world” 154). the of other other parts peoples and colonization “the of and amuse European tion her of status relegation to Duval, the coloniza poetic the gendered and Other. exotic, She on racial, juxtaposes the focuses Carter occasion On this Duval. Jeanne “mulatto mistress” his and of Baudelaire tale the It narrates Baudelaire. of Charles writings and life the and bodies, of colonial “Black Venus,” representation In the well. with as on race deals discussions Carter without macro-narratives. to subscribing any cause the feminist advance to tries influences, to her postmodernist true Carter, of pornographic. the use feminist the conventions as well of pornographic as the the with it by engaging she achieves and gender to archetypes, undo many serves Carter’s pornography of brand moral demythologizing. and re-writing of re-reading, subjected to is share its own which to amyth, akin becomes theory feminist hands, employs. she herself her In framework the re-writes and deconstructs debates, and feminists, and most satirists than further goes doing so, In them. Carter subverting on merely than rather masculinities and of femininities or stereotypes archetypes Eve of Passion The that New see we Thus, waves. by the engulfed are they and them them” want ( you“You if still back, have them can words, the with refrigerator portable once asmall belonged in to Evelyn, preserved which who genitals thethe offersseashore, her by Lilith Thenshe meets rebirth. a in if as mouth cave from the of inner the expelled is and caves the through els concentrates more on identifying the processes that create and sustain the the sustain and create that processes the more concentrates on identifying 4 Carter’s critique of the feminist use of the pornographic extends to her of pornographic extends the Carter’s use critique of feminist the Towards end the of novel, the Eve Mother trav her visits abode, in new

edited by Sarah Gamble. It is a compilation acompilation It is Gamble. bySarah edited Carter Angela of Fiction The in quoted As 6. THE BLACKNESS OF VENUS: ‘OTHER’ OF VENUS: BLACKNESS 6. THE VOICES IN ANGELA CARTER ANGELA VOICES IN PNE PNE 187). Eve, however, refuses 4 Carter engages with the the with engages Carter

. - - - the image of the Black Venus, of Black the image the (2005), Practices” Visual Politics Venus: Contemporary Black and Sexual Colonial “Beyond the essay the in argues accurately Ponzanesi body. black Sandra female As into (170). apenis” He turned is “One no is of longer Negro, the buteclipsed. aware is Negro the only of apenis; Masks White Skin, Black in Fanon states As genitals. of level at the his him fixates man’s how black aworld with exposes obsessed Other sexuality racial the choppers,of it’s their asize!’”( what known, well ... on women account ‘Big bugger!’... for course, go black Of niggers asize! ‘What Sunny. “Did It states, you ... old see Boulder’s ma blacker? your hat, as black beau, Kay, conversation Joseph between and acasual explicit in made is sexuality excessive PerceptionsSeveral her in body 1968 novel aracialized with associated stereotypes sexual the explicated first Carter Venus” complexitiesof difference. the representing interrogates also of world. power the in The reproduced;“Black on other,as the asymmetries the vivacity, exuberance were never [her]vivacity, ... exuberance ( qualities” of suede ... texture But colour and the tall, divinely pasties, tinsel and cache-sexe sequin in de Paris Horse or Casino the of Crazy the later, stages the years would grace who, ahundred giantesses beautiful of those type height, the of immense a woman 166). “was (Ponzanesi character, on Carter’s Venus, this Black other narratives in as ruled” the and ruler the between relationship asymmetrical “highly and taminated” the dark “conexpresses The Venusnarrative narratives. colonial in body feminine she met Baudelaire: met she year the with Her its people, of colonies story, and the starts story birth. the as just or of name place no no fixed of documented date birth, having as Duval of Jeanne adescription through people explicated is (the robbed history of colonized) their sickness. to prone Venus exotic Black the to de-eroticise grumpy, by her presenting as and irritable fire. smoky ...” (2).disappointment technique of is employed the narrative Here, huddle amiserable by the in feathers oldshe rusty looked crow an more with like of resentment. “nipped On days sulking... and by full frost is and grumbles” and In “Black Venus,” Carter examines how the colonial narratives construct the the construct “Black Venus,”In narratives how colonial the examines Carter Carter employs of Venus trope Black the Carter of black scripting the to expound (Ponzanesi the166) empire. of races different the categorising and at classifying work aimed ethnographical as disguised often though pornographic, overtly often and eroticised strongly Venuses was black by women Western as colonizers local of The representation subversive. inherently and mysterious as consequently and lust, sexual to primordial prey and irrational infantile, as represented was Other the which in grammar racial constructed by ameticulously sustained was body exotic thefemale of andsubjugation appropriation The terms. sexual in and racial other, emblem in of the both Venus black quintessential tory, the the is of which terri imperial of the soil virgin over the property and authority their expanding colonizers male white of position the the vindicated and rendered ... allegorically The constructedness of the Black Venus narrative as well as the story theof a story as the as well Black of Venusnarrative constructedness The . In this work, the general association between the black body and and body black the between association work, general the this . In SP 142). Carter’s with engagement BV 3). “coughs She constantly (1952), (1952), - -

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 91 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 92 shadow made her blacker than she was, his shadow could eclipse her ( entirely” eclipse shadow could his she was, her than shadow made blacker his made her luminous, regard his lit his to presents Although fire her. dying the “[s]he illusion; she only shone an because was but of source light this the looked like lines, the in scrutinized further are of Baudelaire writings the through constructed and race. Prostitution, another important point of contention within the feminist point Prostitution, of race. important contention feminist another and the within (Said, description aforementioned theis the broughtfore in to eternally” [and] “static, frozen, fixed as and possessed, ( thing...” for correction, good only oneher for dumb ... good girl, nothing: black ignorant an her lover’s not understand “did It made poetry... eloquence her denied his language. not did fit that well,” in cut out one been her another had tongue and sewn Jeanne She spoke, “as available. though and rash ignorant, sexuality, ofabode unlimited performance: representation of dance the exaggerated an through highlighted also are culture and ( taste his forandin her specifically a“series devised in of voluptuous dance poses”—a cally” given her. he had to beads “undulate She and rhythmi was for bangles except the belly”( his than bigger were always that bright eyes of herself, for to his provide aspectacle to feast have asumptuous her make “liked for her keeper, Jeanne’s performances who, in dance highlighted is Duval Jeanne flattery. with them to attempts tether as seen are muses and goddesses as representations of feminine the Here, stereotypical the on exotic Other. the narratives colonial the as Baudelaire’s well as as muse Duval of violencethe construction Jeanne the inherent on in commentary 4).is a This “Black Venus” abounds in references to the social constructedness of gender “Black Venus” constructedness social to references the in abounds ( of artifices. abominable most the is he insists, that, simplicity afleshy in nature atone with being property, she is common is her skin at all, no clothes in dressed fully therefore, is Woman and is; of culture. creation the artful, He is business. own his is skin to do so; his dressed is and does ...sers. Man trou impeccable and oxblood cravat; London tailored); silk, (pure cut); shirt white (exquisitely coat of frock impedimenta masculine public nineteenth-century the retain must he himself then rouge, and of jewellery regalia nudity, non-sartorial its of garments put private she should on the if that, connection to their It essential is “Black Venus” an robbed of as her as and tongue Duval presents Jeanne her.fathered ( imperious—had colony—white, The colony. of the child pure the of she was a wine.) history, ... deprived been She had world. (Her the of sides different pick of your two take Caribbean, the in Domingo, or Santo Ocean, Indian the in Mauritius, suggest aproblem; is from books she came Where of no consequence. was her name if Lemer, as and Prosper names the used also she Duval, (1842) Besides logged... Baudelaire precisely is Charles she met which in year the although born, was Duval Jeanne year what in to know seems Nobody The element of the pornographic in the relationship between Baudelaire and Baudelaire Theelement thebetween relationship thein pornographic of BV BV BV 9). The ideological construct of black women as penetrated, silenced, silenced, 9). penetrated, as womenof black construct The ideological 3). The associations of the feminine and the masculine with nature nature with themasculine and 3). the feminine of associations The of less importance than it would have been had she been she been had been it have would than importance of less origine d’ pays Orientalism 208). of Black narratives Theas Venus BV 9). naked He her made dance BV BV 7-8) 10) BV - -

the difference, lay morality” ( lay morality” difference, the of agroup conclusion she ofto comes “somewhere the and men who paid, that in front front in in and of who one paid naked man dancing between distinction the “Black Venus.” in movement, discussed wonders Jeanne about also is For instance, the feminist use of the pornographic. Thus, pornography, Thus, of pornographic. the violence use andare feminist the pleasure orabout gender, critique race the of problemsconstructive she a offers plaguing claims foundationalist to any without resorting And power dynamics. underlying latent the oppression expose its and and scenario current the with to engage is, that of struggle, the focus the in emancipation of she women. endorses achange Instead, as posited by Teresaas de Lauretis: theory the feminist theory. perform writings Her aself-reflexive feminist practice and contradictions these in revel and reveal sides, of choosing instead writings, rely attempts such on. pattern effect Carter’s and Yet cause the problematizes also of gender genre Carter’s use and critique real. of feminist the the and phantasmatic the between distinction into essentialist arelapse the positions, caution against and anti-pornography the as pro-pornography well the as examine motifs, and style language, pornographic in to replete the references are with which Carter’s tales, respectively. re-combination of sex/gender the endless distinction, the and collapse the enact of Eve, Passion The New impersonator in world” the in female greatest “the and of Evelyn, Tristessa, atransvestite and psycho-surgery and castration the utopia of moulds through feminist the 28). after Eve, by created Mother Beulah in “Feminism” impersonation,”and Lauretis, (De Carter’sexpressionin writings find drag bisexualism, transvestism, transsexualism, as crossing boundary of figures such recombinable endlessly in as seen other and from each severed or . .are guishable, indistin politically and together, either rendered collapsed are and analytically both to overPornography disputes where sex/gender “sex linked gender distinction, and as problems their emphasized. is as well as circumstances women varied in between commonalities to find of Consequently, trying responses. and futility the struggles situations. different in to women things oppression different as well mean as ethics values, elucidate that of honour.matter ( aquestion It of fidelity” was she slept anyone but When else with girl. Daddy, she never pay. let them a It was not She bad. abad was onewas That by person more at atime. paid of being than However, Carter does not propose an annulment of political struggle for the struggle However, of not political does annulment propose an Carter 138-39) “Displacing” Lauretis, (de unguaranteed. and uncertain tentative, atbest are thinking and speaking which from [to] aself-displacement... of discourse and aplace ... adisplacement implies shift This consciousness. historical and political in shift but a qualitative boundaries, of or a reconfiguration expansion an is not merely This emerge. they which from and enable they which practices the and of terms assumptions basic its interpretations, critical and of writing body own its to question turns and of itself conscious becomes of critique ideologies feminist the when begins theory A feminist Justine, Juliette, Leilah, Eve, and Jeanne Duval have their own unique own have their Duval Eve, Jeanne and Leilah, Juliette, Justine, BV 4). Prostitution, to her, aquestion of “was number; BV 4).These ruminations clearly clearly 4).Theseruminations -

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 93 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 94 postmodernist writing. postmodernist of part integral an as embraced is ambivalence resultant the and fantastic, the and pornographic the of gothic, the amalgam an are that narratives through discussed Revised paper accepted for publication: 02 April 2017 02 April publication: for accepted paper Revised Reviews sent to author: 11 2017 author: to sent March Reviews Fanon Gamble Friedan Dworkin Butler Sex Second —— The Beauvoir Barthes Andrew Ferguson Ponzanesi Phillips Nicol Morgan Mitchell Millet Lennon Keenan Hooks Dworkin Pacific Differences.” Coast Its and Philology —— “Feminism Lauretis De Day History Cultural in Exercise An Woman: Sadeian —— The Eve of New Passion —— The Carter , Aidan. AngelaRational Carter:Glass The , Aidan. The Cambridge Introduction to Postmodern Fiction Postmodern to Introduction Cambridge The , Bran. Black Skin, White Masks White Skin, Black , Frantz. Feminism Is for Everybody: Passionate Politics. South Politics. End, Passionate 2000. Everybody: Is for Feminism , Bell. , Kate. The Prostitution, Kate. Papers: A CandidDialogue , Judith. Gender Trouble, Judith. , Angela. “Black Venus.” “Black Black Venus, Angela. The Sadeian Woman Sadeian The Carter’s “Angela , Sally. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy of Encyclopedia Stanford Body”. on The the Perspectives “Feminist , Kathleen. The Fiction of Angela Carter Angela of Fiction The editor. , Sarah, , Betty. The Feminine, Betty. Mystique The Cambridge Companion to Companion Cambridge Thought.” The Philosophical in Place “Beauvoir’s S. , Barbara The Marquis de Sade: A Very Short Introduction Short A Very Sade: de Marquis The , John. Random, 1977. Random, Feminist. of a Chronicle TooPersonal Going The Far: , Robin. Sade, Fourier, Loyola Fourier, Sade, , Roland. Organizing against Pornography, 1988. against Organizing Equality. 10.1 (1984): Society. and pp. 106-112. Culture in Women of Duncan, Lang, 2005. Lang, Duncan, Practices.” feminist-body/ 2014 Fall 11 ed., 2014. Sept. N. Zatla. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ byEdward edited edited by Claudia Card, Cambridge UP, pp. 24-44. 2003, Cambridge Card, byClaudia edited Beauvoir, de Simone Broughton, Addison, 1997, Addison, Broughton, pp. 132-148. Feminism Femininity, Fiction, Carter: Angela of 1980’s.” Inscriptions 3/4 (1988): pp. 127-44. , Andrea and Catharine MacKinnon Catharine and , Andrea Translated by Annette Michelson, Nevill, 1953. Nevill, Michelson, byAnnette Translated Sade? burn we Must de. , Simone Pornography: Men Possessing Women Possessing Men Pornography: , Andrea. Signs: Journal Journal Signs: Feminists.” Libertarian and Radical between Debate War: The “Sex , Ann. Picture Theory: Essays on Verbal and Visual Representation , W.J.T. and Visual on Verbal Essays Theory: Picture , Sandra. “Beyond the Black Venus: Colonial Sexual Politics and Contemporary Visual Visual Contemporary and Politics Sexual Venus: Black Colonial the “Beyond , Sandra. , Teresa. “Displacing Hegemonic Discourses: Reflections on Feminist Theory in the in Theory on Feminist Reflections Discourses: Hegemonic , Teresa. “Displacing . Translated by H.M. Parshley, Vintage, 1989. Vintage, Parshley, byH.M. . Translated Italian Colonialism: Legacy and Memory . . Virago, 1982. . Virago, : Feminism and Subversion of Identity WORKS CITED WORKS . Norton, 1963. Norton, . . Translated by Richard Miller, U of California P, 1989. Uof California Miller, byRichard . Translated . Translated by Charles Lam Markmann, Pluto, 1986. Markmann, Lam byCharles . Translated . Vintage, 1996. . Vintage, . Manchester UP, 1998. . Manchester . Pornography and Civil Rights: A New Day for Women’s for Day A New Rights: Civil and Pornography . Palgrave, 2001. . Palgrave, The Infernal Desires Desires Treason.” as Infernal The : Feminism . Plume, 1989.. Plume, , edited by Joseph Bristow and Trev and Lynn Bristow byJoseph , edited . Virago, 1979.. Virago, . Avon, 1973. , edited by Jacqueline Andall and Derek Derek and Andall by Jacqueline , edited 25.1/2 (1990): pp. 24-30. pp. 25.1/2 (1990): . Oxford UP, 2005. . Oxford . Cambridge UP, 2009. . Cambridge . Routledge, 1990. . Routledge, . U of Chicago P, 1994.. Uof Chicago ,

REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 95 REVISTA CANARIA DE ESTUDIOS INGLESES, 74; 2017, PP. 73-96 96 Willis - Cham Bloody “The Carter’s Angela Feminism: Tales and “Pornography, Fairy Ann. , Robin Sheets Sharpley-Whiting Sage —— Juliette Said —— Sade Selden Purcell ‘Pro’Sobopha , Edward W. Orientalism , Edward Flesh and the Mirror: Essays on the Art of Angela Carter Angela of Art the on Essays Mirror: the and Flesh editor. , Lorna, , Marquis de. de. , Marquis The 120 Days of Sodom and Other Writings Other and Sodom of Days 120 The Powers of Desire: The Politics of Sexuality of Politics The Pornography.” Desire: of and Powers Moralism, “Feminism, Ellen. , , Raman, Peter , Raman, , Natalie. “Feminism and Pornography: Building Sensitive Research and Analytic Ap Analytic and Research Sensitive Building Pornography: and “Feminism , Natalie. tives in French in tives pp. 460-467. Review, 1983, Monthly Thompson, Sharon and Stansell, Snitow, Christine byAnn edited stable/3704419?seq 1.4 (1991) Sexuality of History the of ber.” ”Journal Theory 1994. Grove, Seaver, Richard and by Richard Seaver and Austryn Wainhouse, Grove, 1990. Grove, Wainhouse, Austryn and Seaver by Richard Volume12/Feminism%20and%20Porn.htm proaches.” 19.63 Journal (2005): pp. 117-130. Equity Gender for Women ing . Translated by Austryn Wainhous, Grove, 1994. Grove, Wainhous, byAustryn . Translated Agenda: Empower Agenda: Representation.” of the and Politics Gender Body: “The , Mgcineni. . 5th ed. Longman, 2005. Longman, ed. . 5th Justine, Philosophy in the Bedroom and Other Writings Other and Bedroom the in Philosophy Justine, , Denean T , Denean 12 n.p. (2009): http://www.ejhs.org/ Sexuality Human of Journal Electronic Widdowson . Duke UP,. Duke 1999. . . Vintage, 1979.. Vintage, . Black Venus: Sexualized Savages, Primal Fears and Primitive Narra Primitive and Fears Primal Savages, Sexualized Venus: . Black , and Peter , and Brooker . Compiled and translated by Austryn Wainhouse Wainhouse byAustryn translated and . Compiled . . A Reader’s Guide to Contemporary Literary Literary Contemporary to Guide A Reader’s : pp. 633-657. http://www.jstor.org/ . Compiled and translated translated and . Compiled . Virago, 1994. . Virago, - - - ,