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Comp., p. 786; Notice of September 18, 2020, Rulings, Office of Trade, (202) 325– (4) that the application of import 85 FR 59641 (September 22, 2020); Notice of 0300, ot-otrrculturalproperty@ restrictions as set forth in this final rule November 12, 2020, 85 FR 72897 (November cbp.dhs.gov. For operational aspects, is consistent with the general interests 13, 2020). Pinky Khan, Branch Chief, Commercial of the international community in the Supplement No. 4 to Part 744 Targeting and Analysis Center, Trade interchange of cultural property among [Amended] Policy and Programs, Office of Trade, nations for scientific, cultural, and (202) 325–3839, [email protected]. educational purposes (19 U.S.C. ■ 2. Supplement No. 4 to part 744 is SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: 2602(a)(1)(D)). The Assistant Secretary amended: also found that the material described in ■ a. Under FRANCE by removing the Background the determinations meets the statutory entry for ‘‘Satori Corporation’’; and The Convention on Cultural Property definition of ‘‘archaeological or ■ b. Under the UNITED ARAB Implementation Act, Public Law 97– ethnological material of the State Party’’ EMIRATES by removing the entry for 446, 19 U.S.C. 2601 et seq. (hereinafter, (19 U.S.C. 2601(2)). ‘‘Satori Corporation.’’ ‘‘the Cultural Property Implementation The Agreement Matthew S. Borman, Act’’) implements the 1970 United Nations Educational, Scientific and On January 19, 2021, the United Deputy Assistant Secretary for Export States and Turkey signed a bilateral Administration. Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Convention on the Means of Prohibiting agreement, ‘‘Memorandum of [FR Doc. 2021–12751 Filed 6–15–21; 8:45 am] and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export Understanding between the Government BILLING CODE 3510–33–P and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural of the United States of America and the Property (hereinafter, ‘‘the Convention’’ Government of the Republic of Turkey (823 U.N.T.S. 231 (1972)). Pursuant to Concerning the Imposition of Import DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND the Cultural Property Implementation Restrictions on Categories of SECURITY Act, the United States entered into a Archaeological and Ethnological bilateral agreement with the Republic of Material of Turkey’’ (‘‘the Agreement’’), U.S. Customs and Border Protection Turkey (Turkey) to impose import pursuant to the provisions of 19 U.S.C. restrictions on certain archaeological 2602(a)(2). The Agreement entered into DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY and ethnological material from Turkey. force on March 24, 2021, upon the This rule announces that the United exchange of diplomatic notes, and 19 CFR Part 12 States is now imposing import enables the promulgation of import [CBP Dec. 21–09] restrictions on certain archaeological restrictions on categories of and ethnological material from Turkey. archaeological material, ranging in date RIN 1515–AE64 from approximately 1.2 million years Determinations ago to A.D. 1770, and ethnological Import Restrictions Imposed on Under 19 U.S.C. 2602(a)(1), the material, ranging in date from the 1st Categories of Archaeological and United States must make certain century A.D. to A.D. 1923, representing Ethnological Material of Turkey determinations before entering into an Turkey’s cultural heritage. A list of the agreement to impose import restrictions AGENCY: U.S. Customs and Border categories of archaeological and under 19 U.S.C. 2602(a)(2). On March Protection, Department of Homeland ethnological material subject to the 27, 2020, the Assistant Secretary for Security; Department of the Treasury. import restrictions is set forth later in Educational and Cultural Affairs, United this document. ACTION: Final rule. States Department of State, after consultation with and recommendation Restriction and Amendment to the SUMMARY: This final rule amends the Regulations U.S. Customs and Border Protection by the Cultural Property Advisory In accordance with the Agreement, (CBP) regulations to reflect the Committee, made the determinations required under the statute with respect importation of material designated imposition of import restrictions on to certain archaeological and below is subject to the restrictions of 19 certain categories of archaeological and ethnological material originating in U.S.C. 2606 and § 12.104g(a) of title 19 ethnological material from the Republic Turkey that is described in the of the Code of Federal Regulations (19 of Turkey (Turkey). These restrictions Designated List set forth below in this CFR 12.104g(a)) and will be restricted are being imposed pursuant to an document. from entry into the United States unless agreement between the United States These determinations include the the conditions set forth in 19 U.S.C. and Turkey that has been entered into following: (1) That the cultural 2606 and § 12.104c of the CBP under the authority of the Convention patrimony of Turkey is in jeopardy from Regulations (19 CFR 12.104c) are met. on Cultural Property Implementation the pillage of archaeological material CBP is amending § 12.104g(a) of the CBP Act. This final rule amends the CBP representing Turkey’s cultural heritage Regulations (19 CFR 12.104g(a)) to regulations by adding Turkey to the list dating from approximately 1.2 million indicate that these import restrictions of countries which have a bilateral years ago to A.D. 1770, and ethnological have been imposed. agreement with the United States that material dating from approximately the Import restrictions listed as 19 CFR imposes cultural property import 1st century A.D. to A.D. 1923; (2) that 12.104g(a) are effective for no more than restrictions. This final rule also contains the Turkish government has taken five years beginning on the date on the Designated List that describes the measures consistent with the which the Agreement enters into force types of archaeological and ethnological Convention to protect its cultural with respect to the United States. This material to which the restrictions apply. patrimony (19 U.S.C. 2602(a)(1)(B)); (3) period may be extended for additional DATES: Effective on June 16, 2021. that import restrictions imposed by the periods of not more than five years if it FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For United States would be of substantial is determined that the factors which legal aspects, Lisa L. Burley, Chief, benefit in deterring a serious situation of justified the Agreement still pertain and Cargo Security, Carriers and Restricted pillage and remedies less drastic are not no cause for suspension of the Merchandise Branch, Regulations and available (19 U.S.C. 2602(a)(1)(C)); and Agreement exists. The import
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restrictions will expire on March 24, Urartians: 900–580 B.C. date: 10th millennium B.C. to the 18th 2026, unless extended. Orientalizing Period: 750–600 B.C. century A.D. Lydians: 700–540 B.C. e. Small Statuary—This type includes Designated List of Archaeological and Karians and Lykians: 700–300 B.C. humans, deities (idols), mythological Ethnological Material of Turkey Archaic Period: 650–474 B.C. creatures, animals, and groups of figures The Agreement between the United Classical Period: 480–330 B.C. in the round, as well as parts of figures. States and Turkey includes, but is not Persian Period: 546–331 B.C. Some early examples of human idols are limited to, the categories of objects Macedonian Empire and Hellenistic stylized, such as ‘‘violin-shaped’’ described in the Designated List set Period: 334–30 B.C. figures. Approximate date: 10th forth below. Importation of material on Roman Period: 130 B.C.–A.D. 395 millennium B.C. to the 18th century this list is restricted unless the material Byzantine (Eastern Roman) Period: A.D. A.D. is accompanied by documentation 395–1453 f. Small Scale Inlay Sculpture—Small- certifying that the material left Turkey Seljukian Period: A.D. 1071–1308 scale examples include flat, cut-out legally and not in violation of the export Anatolian Beyliks Period: A.D. 1256– figures in light-colored stones set laws of Turkey. 1522 against dark stone or bitumen The Designated List includes Islamic/Ottoman Period: A.D. 1299– backgrounds. These may decorate boxes archaeological material from Turkey 1923 or furniture. Subject matter includes ranging in date from approximately 1.2 A. Stone narrative scenes such as warfare and 1. Sculpture million years ago to A.D. 1770, and banquet scenes. Approximate date: 10th a. Architectural Elements—Primarily ethnological material from Turkey from millennium B.C. to the 18th century in basalt, limestone, and marble; the 1st century A.D. to the end of the A.D. including blocks from walls, floors, and Ottoman Empire with the foundation of g. Furniture—In limestone, basalt, and ceilings; acroterion, antefix, architrave, the Republic of Turkey in A.D. 1923. marble. Types include tables (trapezas), columns, capitals, bases, lintels, jambs, one-legged tables (monopodias), Categories of Archaeological and friezes, pediments, tympanum, metopes, thrones, fulcras, and beds. Approximate Ethnological Material and pilasters; doors, door frames, and date: 10th millennium B.C. to the 18th I. Archaeological Material window fittings; caryatids, columns, century A.D. A. Stone altars, prayer niches, mihrab, screens, 2. Vessels—In marble, steatite, rock B. Metal wellheads, fountains, mosaics, and tiles. crystal, and other stone. These may C. Ceramic, Terracotta, and Faience This category also includes relief and belong to conventional shapes such as D. Bone, Ivory, and Other Organic Material inlay sculpture that may have been part bowls, cups, jars, jugs, and lamps, or E. Wood of a building, such as friezes of sculpted may occur in the shape of a human or F. Glass stone figures set into inlaid stone or animal, or part of human or animal. G. Plaster and Stucco bitumen backgrounds. May be plain, Approximate date: 10th millennium H. Textile molded, carved, or inscribed. Decorative I. Leather, Parchment, and Paper B.C. to the 18th century A.D. J. Rock Art, Paintings, and Drawings motifs may be incised or in high relief. 3. Tools and Weapons—In flint, K. Mosaics Approximate date: 10th millennium quartz, obsidian, silex, limestone, and II. Ethnological Material B.C. to the 18th century A.D. other hard stones. Types of stone tools A. Architectural Elements b. Monuments and Stelae—Types include large and small blades, borers, B. Funerary Objects include triumphal arches and columns, scrapers, sickles, awls, harpoons, cores, C. Ritual and Ceremonial Objects obelisk, herms, and stone blocks. This and arrow heads. Ground stone types D. Paintings category also includes votive and include grinders (e.g., mortars, pestles, E. Written Records funerary stelae with or without relief millstones, whetstones), choppers, axes, F. Military Material sculpture and/or inscriptions, usually in hammers, molds, and mace heads. I. Archaeological Material limestone, basalt, and marble. Common Approximate date: 1.2 million years ago subject matter also includes human and Archaeological material covered by to the 18th century A.D. animal figures, floral motifs, and 4. Seals and Stamps—These are small the Agreement includes material from geometric designs. Approximate date: devices with at least one side engraved Turkey ranging in date from 10th millennium B.C. to the 18th with a design for stamping or sealing, approximately 1,200,000 B.C. to A.D. century A.D. often in marble, limestone, and various 1770. Examples of archaeological c. Sarcophagi and Ossuaries—In semiprecious stones including rock material covered by the agreement marble and limestone. The sides and crystal, amethyst, jasper, agate, steatite, include, but are not limited to, the lids of sarcophagi and ossuaries and carnelian. This category includes following objects: (osthoteks) may have relief sculptures of seals, scarabs and scaraboids, and gems Simplified Chronology human and animal figures, inscriptions, engraved with a design, scene, pattern, Paleolithic: c. 1,200,000–10,000 B.C. monograms, and floral and geometric or inscription. Shapes can include Neolithic: c. 10,000–5500 B.C. decoration. Approximate date: 10th cylinders, buttons, and prismatic. Chalcolithic: c. 5500–3200 B.C. millennium B.C. to the 18th century Approximate date: 10th millennium Bronze Age: 3200–1200 B.C. A.D. B.C. to the 18th century A.D. Hattis: 2500–2000 B.C. d. Large Statuary—Primarily in basalt 5. Jewelry and Beads—Jewelry of or Assyrian Trade Colonies: 2000–1750 and marble, some examples in decorated with colored and semi- B.C. limestone, steatite (soapstone), and precious stones, including beads, Hittites: 1800–1200 B.C. other types of stone. Subject matter necklaces, pendants, cameos, crowns, Mycenaean: 1600–1200 B.C. includes human, animal, and earrings, finger rings, bracelets, anklets, Iron Age: 1200–750 B.C. mythological figures, icons, busts, belts, girdles, pins, hair ornaments, and Protogeometric and Geometric Periods: models, molds, and groups of figures in arm bands. May be incised or cut as 1100–700 B.C. the round, as well as parts of figures gems or cameos. Approximate date: 1.2 Phyrigians: 1200–680 B.C. commonly used for adoration such as million years ago to the 18th century Neo-Hittite City States: 1200–700 B.C. hands, arms, and phallus. Approximate A.D.
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B. Metal Approximate date: 5th millennium B.C. Manual of Greek Numismatics, 1911 1. Sculpture to the 18th century A.D. (available online at http://snible.org/ a. Large Statuary and Portraits— 5. Weapons and Armor—In bronze, coins/hn/). Primarily in bronze, in a variety of copper, gold, silver, electrum, iron, and b. Roman provincial coins—Roman styles. Subject matter includes human, lead. This category includes common provincial coins, dated from the end of animal, and mythological figures, icons, weapon types, such as daggers, arrows, 2nd century B.C. to the early 6th busts, and groups of figures in the swords, spears, harpoons, javelins, axes, century A.D., in gold, silver, and bronze round, as well as parts of figures rapiers, and maces. Body armor is also and copper that circulated primarily in commonly used for adoration such as included, such as helmets, shields, Turkey. hands, arms, and phallus. Sarcophagi cuirasses, horse armor, and chariot c. Byzantine period coins—Byzantine lids, including kline lids with decoration. Some may have inscriptions period coins, in gold, silver, bronze, recumbent figures, are also included. or be otherwise decorated. Approximate copper coins, and sometimes electrum, Approximate date: 5th millennium B.C. date: 5th millennium B.C. to the 18th dating from the early 6th century to the to the 18th century A.D. century A.D. 15th century A.D., that circulated b. Small Statuary—In bronze, copper, 6. Seals and Stamps—These are small primarily in Turkey, (e.g., coins gold, silver, electrum, iron, and lead. devices with at least one side engraved produced at mints in Nicaea and Subject matter includes human, animal, with a design for sealing or stamping, Magnesia under the Empire of Nicaea). and mythological figures. In early often in bronze, copper, gold, silver, d. Medieval and Islamic coins— examples, idols representing deities for electrum, iron, or lead. Types include Medieval and Islamic coins, in gold, religious purposes may be very stylized, rings, amulets, stamps, and seals with silver, bronze, and copper coins from such as twin idols, or semi-circular shank. Approximate date: 5th approximately A.D. 1077–1770, that idols. Approximate date: 5th millennium B.C. to the 18th century circulated primarily in Turkey. A.D. millennium B.C. to the 18th century C. Ceramic, Terracotta, and Faience 7. Ceremonial Objects—Ritual and 1. Sculpture A.D. ceremonial objects pertaining to a. Architectural Elements—Baked clay c. Reliefs—In bronze, copper, gold, Turkey’s religious communities, in (terracotta) elements used to decorate silver, electrum, iron, and lead. Types bronze, copper, gold, silver, electrum, buildings. Elements include tiles, roof include plaques, applique´s, burial iron, and lead. This type includes coverings, antefixes, plates, and masks, and leaves. Approximate date: libation vessels, ritual cauldrons and decorative elements such as reliefs, 5th millennium B.C. to the 18th century pitchers, rhytons, masks, chalices, votive tablets (pinakes), friezes and A.D. plates, censers, candelabras, crosses, acroters, and wall decorations such as d. Inscribed and Decorated Metal pendants, bells, reliquaries, liturgical cones, glazed bricks, and decorated Sheets and Plates—In bronze, copper, spoons, Kiddush cups, book covers and knobs. Approximate date: 2nd gold, silver, electrum, iron, and lead. boxes, decorated book spines, Torah millennium B.C. to the 18th century Thin metal sheets with engraved or pointers, finials, and ampoules. A.D. impressed designs, often used as Approximate date: 5th millennium B.C. b. Sarcophagi and Ossuaries— attachments to furniture. Approximate to the 18th century A.D. Sarcophagi and coffins, with separate date: 5th millennium B.C. to the 18th 8. Musical Instruments—Trumpets, lids, either in the form of a large century A.D. clappers, sistrums, castanets, cymbalon, rectangular box, or human-shaped and 2. Vessels—In bronze, copper, gold, aulos, plagiaulos, cornu, lituus, buccina, carved with modeled human features. silver, electrum, iron, and lead. This tuba, hydraulis, lyre, xylophone, and Sarcophagi may be painted, inlaid, and/ type includes conventional forms such metal parts of other instruments or decorated with incised or sculpted as pitchers, bowls, cauldrons, jugs, otherwise primarily in wood or bone. relief of floral or geometric motifs and globular flasks (aryballos), goblets, Approximate date: 5th millennium B.C. inscriptions. Ossuaries are rectangular phials, ladles, lamps, and candelabra. to the 18th century A.D. or in the shape of stylized animals and Objects may be in conventional shapes 9. Coins may be decorated. Approximate date: or may be in human or animal shapes. a. Greek coins—Archaic coins, dated 2nd millennium B.C. to the 18th century Approximate date: 5th millennium B.C. to 640–480 B.C., in electrum, silver and A.D. to the 18th century A.D. billon, that circulated primarily in c. Large Statuary—Subject matter 3. Jewelry and Personal Adornment— Turkey; Classical coins, dated to 479– includes human and animal figures, In bronze, copper, gold, silver, electrum, 332 B.C., in electrum, silver, gold, and icons, models, molds, and groups of iron, and lead. This type includes bronze, that circulated primarily in figures in the round. Common types are earrings, ear caps, finger rings, beads, Turkey; and Hellenistic coins, dated to large-scale, free-standing statuary bracelets, cuffs, necklaces, pendants, 332–31 B.C., in gold, silver, bronze and approximately 1–2.5 m. in height and straight and safety pins (fibulae), other base metals, that circulated life-size busts (head and shoulders of an crowns, wreaths, diadems, fibulas, primarily in Turkey. Greek coins were individual). Approximate date: 5th pectoral decorated sheets, belts, buckles, minted by many authorities for trading millennium B.C. to the 18th century and textile decorations. Approximate and payment and often circulated all A.D. date: 5th millennium B.C. to the 18th over the ancient world, including in d. Small Statuary—Subject matter is century A.D. Turkey. All categories are based on find varied and includes humans, deities 4. Tools—This category includes information provided in Thompson, M., (idols), mythological creatures, animals, hammers, saws, hooks, axes, chisels, M
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Type also includes molds and models black- and red-figure vessels are figures in the round. Size may range used in production. Approximate date: decorated with scenes of daily life or between 5 cm.–1 m. in height. 5th millennium B.C. to the 18th century mythology. Approximate date: c. 20,000 B.C. to the A.D. e. Hellenistic and Roman Periods— 18th century A.D. f. Models—These are small-scale This type includes vessel forms noted in 2. Objects of Daily Use—This type objects in terracotta, including chariots, previous time periods, as well as small includes materials in bone, ivory, boats, buildings, and furniture such as bottles (unguentarium) and wine jars mother of pearl, seashell, and tortoise chairs and beds. Approximate date: 11th (lagynos). There is less decorative shell that may be used as decoration or millennium B.C. to the 18th century painting in this period; instead, types inlay for architectural elements, A.D. display simple motifs and/or reliefs. furniture, or relief plaques. Type also 2. Vessels—Ceramic types, forms, and Fine red Roman tableware (terra includes amulets and pendants, other decoration vary among archaeological sigillata) is also common. jewelry and beads, buckles, combs, pins, styles over time. Forms may be f. Byzantine Period—Vessel types pyxis, boxes, needles, dice, mirror handmade or produced with ceramic include amphorae, bowls, plates, backs, handles, carved diptychs, writing lathe, plain or decorated, and may be chalices, beakers, and special shapes and painting equipment, and musical glazed, unglazed, varnished, painted, such as pilgrim flasks. Types include instruments. Approximate date: 350,000 engraved, and/or incised. They may be red slipwares, as well as glazed and B.C. to the 18th century A.D. produced in Turkey or imported into unglazed vessels. Unglazed wares are 3. Seals and Stamps—These are small Turkey at or near the time of usually undecorated; other examples objects with at least one side with production. Some of the most well- may be decorated with various engraved designs for stamping or known types are highlighted below: techniques and motifs such as human sealing. They may be cuboid, conoid, or a. Neolithic and Chalcolithic Period— figures, animals, florals, and other in the shape of animals or mythological This type includes bowls, cups, jars, symbolic motifs. creatures. Approximate date: 7th pots, urns, and ritual vessels in the g. Islamic Period—Early examples millennium B.C. to the 18th century shape of a woman or animal. Some include green and turquoise vessels that A.D. examples are painted with yellow, may be in the vessel shapes mentioned 4. Weapons and Tools—Bone, ivory, brown, or red; patterns include above. In addition, this type includes and horn were also used to produce and concentric circles, horizontal lines, and inkstands, chalices, lamps, rose water decorate weapons and tools. In addition geometric motifs over cream or red slip. flasks, censers, incense cases, to conventional types, such as needles, b. Early Bronze Age—This type kitchenware, and tableware. Sizes and awls, chisels, picks, knives, spearheads, includes two-handled goblets (depas shapes are varied; colors include blue- and blades, these materials were also amphikypellon), beak-spouted pitchers, white, red, blue, yellow, purple, and used for zighir (thumb ring used to draw anthropomorphic jars, pedestal bowls, green and may include floral or other a bow) and wrist shields. Found as early amphorae, vases, double-/triple-/ painted or inscribed decorations. as 1.2 million years ago. quadruple vessels (two or more cups or 3. Objects of Daily Use—This type 5. Human and Animal Remains— bowls attached at a central point to form includes objects of daily use including Skeletal remains from human and a single vessel), mugs, boxes, and small toys, weights, and lamps. Approximate animal bodies, preserved in burials or pots with lids (pyxis). date: 5th millennium B.C. to the 18th other contexts. Some examples may be c. Middle and Late Bronze Age—This century A.D. plastered or painted with ochre. Found type includes Assyrian Trade Colonial, 4. Seals, Stamps, and Tablets—This as early as 1.2 million years ago. Hittite, and early Mycenaean pottery. In type includes cuneiform tablets from E. Wood this period, ceramic lathe and glaze Anatolia during the Assyrian Colonial 1. Architectural Elements—This type techniques became common and forms Period and Hittite Period; some tablets includes walls, ceilings, floors, panels, became thinner. Type includes may be encased with a clay envelope. balconies, doors, altars, parts of vaults, ceremonial vessels in the shape of This type also includes seals used to minbar, mihrab, muqarnas, decorative animals (rythons), plates, double- mark ceramics, textiles, leather, other elements, ladders, or pieces of any of handled drinking vessels (kantharos), organic materials, and live animals. these objects. May be engraved, painted, bathing bowls, and vases. Approximate date: 5th millennium B.C. inlaid, or otherwise decorated. d. Geometric, Orientalizing, Archaic, to the 18th century A.D. Approximate date: 9th millennium B.C. and Classical Periods—This type 5. Islamic Period Tiles—Tiles were to the 18th century A.D. includes vessels used for holding oil or used mainly for adorning walls, roofs, 2. Objects of Daily Use—This type perfume (alabastron, lekythos, and floors of buildings such as mosques, includes furniture such as chairs, stools, aryballos, lydion), jars used for storage masjids, mausoleums, and palaces. beds, tables, chests, and desks; kitchen (amphorae, pelike, pithoi, hydria), During the Seljuk Period, common and tableware, book cases, book holders, pitchers and jugs (oinochoe, olpe), boxes motifs included star and cross, lecterns, prayer panels, carved diptychs, for holding cosmetics or jewelry (pyxis), mythological creatures, human and writing and painting equipment, games, drinking cups (kylix, kantharoi, animal figures, natural and floral motifs, game boxes, combs, clasps, needles, skyphoi), tankards, other vessels (krater, geometric motifs, and inscriptions. beads, and musical instruments. May be askos), ceremonial vases (lebes During the Ottoman Period, most tiles engraved, painted, inlaid, or otherwise gamikos), plates, and lamps. Black- are decorated with floral motifs, decorated. Approximate date: 9th figure technique was common in Greek including the saz style with composite millennium B.C. to the 18th century city-states in Western Anatolia, starting flowers and saz leaves. Glazed bricks A.D. in 7th century B.C. Vessels in this used in this period are also included. 3. Tools and Weapons—This includes technique are decorated with black Approximate date: 11th century to the bows, arrows, knives, axe and adze painted figures on a clear clay ground. 18th century A.D. handles, bow drills, and spears. Vessels with red-figure technique D. Bone, Ivory, and Other Organic Approximate date: 9th millennium B.C. (decorative elements in reserve with Material to the 18th century A.D. background fired black) are also 1. Small Statuary and Figurines—This 4. Ships and Other Vehicles—This common in Western Anatolia. Most type includes human, animal, and other includes whole or pieces used in
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composing a ship, chariot, or any other with gold and other colors. Roman Empire, through the Byzantine, vehicle. Approximate date: 7th Approximate date: 3rd millennium B.C. Seljuk, Beyliks, and Ottoman periods, millennium B.C. to the 18th century to the 18th century A.D. and ending in A.D. 1923, with the A.D. 4. Paper—This includes manuscripts foundation of the Republic of Turkey. F. Glass and individual pages thereof, written on A. Architectural Elements—This 1. Architectural Elements—This paper and bound as books or scrolls. category includes architectural elements includes glass inlay and tesserae pieces These may also have illustrations. and decoration from religious and from floor and wall mosaics, mirrors, Approximate date: 8th century to the public buildings in all materials. These and windows. Approximate date: 4th 18th century A.D. buildings have distinctive millennium B.C. to the 18th century J. Rock Art, Painting, and Drawing characteristics described below. A.D. 1. Rock Art—This type includes Examples of architectural elements 2. Vessels—This type includes human-made markings on stone, cave covered in the Agreement include, but containers for holding perfume or oil walls, or rocks in open air. This type are not limited to, the following objects: (alabastron, unguanteria, aryballos), includes petroglyphs (carved into the 1. Structural and Decorative wine jugs (oinochoe), other drinking, rock surface); pictographs (painted); and Architectural Elements—This category storage, and serving vessels of various earth figures (formed on the ground). includes material from religious or shapes and sizes, and lighting objects Subject matter may include human and public buildings in stone, ceramic, such as lamps. Approximate date: 2nd animal figures, deities, geometric plaster, wood, and other organic millennium B.C. to the 18th century designs, and religious signs and elements, which includes blocks; A.D. markings. Approximate date: 10th columns, capitals, bases, lintels, jambs, 3. Beads and Jewelry—Jewelry such as millennium B.C. to the 18th century friezes, and pilasters; panels, doors, bracelets and rings (often twisted with A.D. door frames, and window fittings; altars, colored glass), pendants, and beads in 2. Wall Paintings—This category prayer niches (mihrab), screens, various shapes (e.g., circular, globular), includes paintings from buildings and iconostasis, fountains, ceilings, tent may be decorated with symbolic and/or tombs. Several methods were used, such poles, and carved and molded brick. floral motifs. This category also includes as wet-fresco and dry-fresco, and the Metal elements are primarily in copper, beads in various shapes including paintings may be applied to plaster, brass, lead, and alloys, and may include animal figures. Approximate date: 2nd wood, or stone. Types include simple doors, door fixtures, lathes, finials, millennium B.C. to the 18th century applied color, bands and borders, chandeliers, screens, and sheets to A.D. landscapes, scenes of people and/or protect domes. Glass may be G. Plaster and Stucco—This category animals in natural or built settings, and incorporated into either structural or includes various types of objects religious themes. Approximate date: 7th decorative elements. This category also including containers from the pre- millennium B.C. to the 18th century includes relief and inlay sculpture, pottery Neolithic onward, column A.D. including appliques and plaques that capitals, pedestals, wall murals or 3. Panel Paintings (Icons)—An icon is may have been part of a building. May paintings and other architectural a work of art for religious devotion, be plain, molded, carved, or inscribed. elements, and vessels and containers. normally depicting saints, angels, or Decorative motifs may be incised or in These may be plain or painted and/or other religious figures. These are high relief. gilded. Approximate date: 9th painted on a wooden panel, often for 2. Tiles—Ceramic tiles were often millennium B.C. to the 18th century inclusion in a wooden screen used for adorning walls, roofs, and A.D. (iconostasis), or else painted onto floors of mosques, masjids, H. Textile—These include linen, ceramic panels. May be partially mausoleums, shrines, and palaces. wool, cotton, and silk. This category covered with gold or silver, sometimes During the Seljuk Period, subject matter includes clothing or clothing fragments, encrusted with precious or semi- included star- and cross-shaped tiles carpets, sanjaks (flags or banners), flag precious stone. Approximate date: 4th with creatures such as harpies, bags, wall hangings, blankets, and century A.D. to the 18th century A.D. sphinxes, and double-headed eagles. textiles used during religious practice. K. Mosaics—May be a combination of Human and animal figures were also Approximate date: 9th millennium B.C. small three-dimensional pieces of common, as well as natural motifs such to the 18th century A.D. colored stone or glass (tesserae) to create as the tree of life, scrolling branches I. Leather, Parchment, and Paper motifs such as geometric shapes, with pomegranates, floral and geometric 1. Leather—This category includes mythological scenes, floral or animal patterns, and inscriptions. During the bags, furniture parts, masks, shields, designs, natural motifs such as Ottoman Period, subject matter included cases and containers for a variety of landscapes, and daily chores. The opus mainly floral motifs; the saz style motif uses, sandals, clothing, and manuscript sectile technique is also used. These with composite flowers, smaller covers. There are also examples of were generally applied to walls, rosettes, and saz leaves was also religious and/or rare books written on ceilings, or floors. Approximate date: common. This type also includes glazed leather pages. 7th century B.C. to the 18th century bricks. 2. Papyrus—Documents made from A.D. 3. Mosaics—May be a combination of papyrus and written upon in ink. These small three-dimensional pieces of are often rolled and/or fragmentary. II. Ethnological Material colored stone or glass (tesserae) to create Approximate date: 5th millennium B.C. Ethnological material covered by the motifs such as geometric shapes, floral to the 12th century A.D. agreement includes architectural or animal designs, natural motifs such 3. Parchment—Writing material made elements, funerary objects, ritual and as landscapes, and scenes of religious or of animal skin and used to produce ceremonial objects, paintings, written historical events. These were generally manuscripts including religious, records, and military material that applied to walls, ceilings, or floors. liturgical, and scientific works. These contribute to the knowledge of the B. Funerary Objects—This category may be single leaves or bound as books origins, development, and history of the includes objects related to funerary rites or scrolls. These may also have Turkish people. This includes objects and burials in all materials. Examples of illustrations or illuminated paintings from the 1st c. A.D. starting in the funerary objects covered in the
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Agreement include, but are not limited and boats, chariots, and other forms of following. Works may be on papyrus, to, the following objects: official transportation, and parts thereof. parchment, paper, or leather. Papyrus 1. Sepulchers—Sepulchers are 3. Furniture—This category includes documents are often rolled and/or repositories for remains of the dead, in objects primarily in stone or wood, fragmentary. Parchment and paper stone (usually marble or limestone), including altars, tables, platforms, documents may be single leaves or metal, and wood. Types of burial pulpits, fonts, screens, thrones, minbar, bound as scrolls or books. They may containers include sarcophagi, caskets, lecterns, desks, and other types of have illustrations or illuminated coffins, and urns. These may also have furniture used for religious or official paintings with gold or other colors. associated sculpture in relief or in the imperial purpose. There are also examples of Qurans and round. May be plain or have figural, 4. Textiles—Generally in linen, silk, other religious and/or rare books written geometric, or floral motifs either painted and wool. This category includes on leather pages. This category includes or carved in relief. May also contain textiles and fragments from religious boxes for books or scrolls made of wood human or animal remains. contexts including garments such as or other organic materials, and book or 2. Inscriptions, Memorial Stones, tapestries, hangings, prayer rugs and manuscript covers made of leather, Epitaphs, and Tombstones—This carpets, shrine covers, altar cloths; textile, or metal. category includes inscribed funerary clothing and accessories such as robes, F. Military Material—This category objects, primarily slabs in marble and vestments, kaftans, turbans, hats, and includes imperial military objects from ceramic; most frequently engraved with talismanic shirts. Commonly decorated the Byzantine, Seljuk, Beyliks, and Ottoman Turkish, Turkish, Arabic, with embroidered designs including Ottoman periods, in all materials. Greek, Armenian, or Hebrew. These may religious, floral, and geometric motifs. 1. Uniforms—Uniform clothing either also have associated sculpture in relief This category also includes imperial meant to be worn under armor or or in the round. objects such as clothing including without, is usually made of textile or 3. Funerary Offerings—This category vestments and robes; flags and flag bags leather. This includes clothing includes objects in all materials; (sanjaks); and carpets and tapestries. emblematic of military position, and 5. Musical Instruments—This shrouds and body adornment such as other accessories thereof such as shoes, category includes instruments important clothing, jewelry, and accessories; idols, headdresses and hats, belts, and jewelry. for religious or imperial ceremonies figurines, vessels, beads, weapons, or such as a baglama or saz, tambur, rebab, 2. Weapons and Armor—These are other ritual or ceremonial offerings; and and ud (string instruments); harps; ney often in iron, steel, or other metal. This writing implements, books, and (reed flute); pipes; whistles; kudum category includes arrows, daggers, manuscripts. (small double drum); kos (drum); kanun swords, saifs, scimitars, other blades C. Ritual and Ceremonial Objects— (zither); trumpets and bugles; and with or without sheaths, spears, and This category includes objects for use in cymbals. pre-industrial firearms and cannon; may religious services (Christian, Islamic, D. Paintings—This category includes be for use in combat or ceremonial. May Jewish, and others) or for imperial use works of paint on plaster, wood, or be inlaid with gemstones, embellished by the state (Byzantine Empire, Seljuk ceramic from religious or public with silver or gold, or engraved with Empire, Anatolian Beyliks, and Ottoman contexts. Paintings from these periods floral or geometric motifs. Grips or hilts Empire). Examples of ritual and provide information on social and may be made of metal, wood, or semi- ceremonial objects covered in the religious history of the people of Turkey precious stones such as agate, or bound Agreement include, but are not limited that may be absent from written records. with leather. Armor may consist of to, the following objects: Examples of paintings include, but are small metal scales, originally sewn to a 1. Religious Objects—This category not limited to: backing of textile or leather. This type includes objects in all materials such as 1. Wall Paintings—This category also includes helmets, body armor, lamps, libation vessels, pitchers, includes paintings on various types of shields, and horse armor. Other objects chalices, plates, censers, candelabra, plaster, which generally portray may be made of leather, including crosses and cross pendants, pilgrim religious images and/or scenes of archer’s bags, shields, and masks. This flasks, tabernacles, boxes and chests, Biblical events. Types may also include category also includes: Auxiliary objects carved diptychs, liturgical spoons, simple applied color, bands and such as powder horns and belts; Kiddush cups, bells, ampoules, Torah borders, animal, floral, and geometric military standards; and boats, chariots, pointers and finials, prayer beads, icons, motifs. or other means of imperial military amulets, and Bektashi surrender stones. 2. Panel Paintings (Icons)—Icons are transportation. This type also includes reliquaries and smaller versions of the scenes on wall 3. Musical Instruments—These reliquary containers, which may or may paintings, and may be partially covered instruments were used to encourage and not include human remains. Often with gold or silver, sometimes encrusted direct military operations. This category engraved or otherwise decorated. with semi-precious or precious stones includes pipes and other wind 2. Imperial—This category includes and are usually painted on a wooden instruments, trumpets and bugles, and objects in all materials, such as panel, often for inclusion in a wooden drums and other percussion instruments ceremonial garments, clothing screen. May also be painted on ceramic. such as the c¸evgan (a long-handled emblematic of imperial position, and 3. Works on Paper—Paintings may be rattle with bells and chimes). other accessories thereof such as shoes, on papyrus, parchment, and paper. Inapplicability of Notice and Delayed headdresses and hats, belts, and jewelry; Images depicted may include religious Effective Date objects of imperial office such as scenes, representations of imperial court scepters, staffs, insignia, relics, and life, simple applied color, bands and This amendment involves a foreign monumental boxes, trays, and borders, animal, floral, and geometric affairs function of the United States and containers; flags, flagstaffs, and alem motifs. is, therefore, being made without notice (finials); stamps, seals, and writing E. Written Records—This category or public procedure under 5 U.S.C. implements for official use by the state; includes written records of religious, 553(a)(1). For the same reason, a tapestries, or other representations of political, or scientific importance, delayed effective date is not required the imperial court; musical instruments; including, but not limited to, the under 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(3).
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Regulatory Flexibility Act Treasury’s authority (or that of his/her citation for § 12.104g continue to read Because no notice of proposed delegate) to approve regulations related as follows: rulemaking is required, the provisions to customs revenue functions. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 19 U.S.C. 66, 1202 of the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 List of Subjects in 19 CFR Part 12 (General Note 3(i), Harmonized Tariff U.S.C. 601 et seq.) do not apply. Schedule of the United States (HTSUS)), Cultural property, Customs duties and 1624; Executive Order 12866 inspection, Imports, Prohibited * * * * * CBP has determined that this merchandise, and Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. Sections 12.104 through 12.104i also issued document is not a regulation or rule under 19 U.S.C. 2612; subject to the provisions of Executive Amendment to the CBP Regulations * * * * * Order 12866 because it pertains to a For the reasons set forth above, part ■ 2. In § 12.104g, the table in paragraph foreign affairs function of the United 12 of title 19 of the Code of Federal (a) is amended by adding Turkey to the States, as described above, and therefore Regulations (19 CFR part 12), is list in alphabetical order to read as is specifically exempted by section amended as set forth below: 3(d)(2) of Executive Order 12866. follows: Signing Authority PART 12—SPECIAL CLASSES OF § 12.104g Specific items or categories MERCHANDISE This regulation is being issued in designated by agreements or emergency actions. accordance with 19 CFR 0.1(a)(1) ■ 1. The general authority citation for pertaining to the Secretary of the part 12 and the specific authority (a) * * *
State party Cultural property Decision No.
******* Turkey ...... Archaeological material representing Turkey’s cultural heritage ranging from approximately 1,200,000 CBP Dec. 21–09. B.C. to A.D. 1770, and ethnological material ranging from the 1st century A.D. to A.D. 1923.
* * * * * navigable waters on the Savannah River II. Background Information and Troy A. Miller, the Senior Official from the Elba Island Cut Jetty Light to Regulatory History Performing the Duties of the the Eugene Talmage Memorial Bridge, Commissioner, having reviewed and Savannah, GA. The safety zone is The Coast Guard is issuing this approved this document, is delegating needed to protect personnel, vessels, temporary rule without prior notice and the authority to electronically sign this and the marine environment from opportunity to comment pursuant to notice document to Robert F. Altneu, potential hazards created by a boat authority under section 4(a) of the who is the Director of the Regulations parade. Entry of vessels or persons into Administrative Procedure Act (APA) (5 and Disclosure Law Division for CBP, this zone is prohibited unless U.S.C. 553(b)). This provision for purposes of publication in the specifically authorized by the Captain of authorizes an agency to issue a rule Federal Register. the Port (COTP) Savannah or a without prior notice and opportunity to Robert F. Altneu, designated representative. comment when the agency for good Director, Regulations & Disclosure Law DATES: This rule is effective on July 4, cause finds that those procedures are Division, Regulations & Rulings, Office of 2021 from 2 p.m. through 5 p.m. ‘‘impracticable, unnecessary, or contrary Trade, U.S. Customs and Border Protection. to the public interest.’’ Under 5 U.S.C. ADDRESSES: To view documents 553(b)(B), the Coast Guard finds that Approved: June 11, 2021. mentioned in this preamble as being good cause exists for not publishing a Timothy E. Skud, available in the docket, go to https:// notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) Deputy Assistant Secretary of the Treasury. www.regulations.gov, type USCG–2021– 0356 in the ‘‘SEARCH’’ box and click with respect to this rule because doing [FR Doc. 2021–12646 Filed 6–15–21; 8:45 am] so would be impracticable and prompt BILLING CODE 9111–14–P ‘‘SEARCH.’’ Click on Open Docket Folder on the line associated with this action is needed to respond to the rule. potential safety hazards associated with the Savannah boat parade. The Coast DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If Guard received initial notice of the SECURITY you have questions on this rule, call or event on April 26, 2021 regarding the email LT Alex McConnell, of the Marine Coast Guard event beginning on July 4, 2021, but did Safety Unit Savannah Office of not have final details to prepare a Waterways Management, Coast Guard, regulation until May 25, 2021. The 33 CFR Part 165 at telephone 912–652–4353, extension event would begin before the 240, or via email at MSUSavannah- [Docket Number USCG–2021–0356] rulemaking process would be [email protected]. RIN 1625–AA00 completed. Because of the dangers SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: posed by the parade, a safety zone is Safety Zone; 4th of July Boat Parade, I. Table of Abbreviations necessary to provide for the safety of Savannah River, Savannah, GA persons, vessels, and the marine CFR Code of Federal Regulations environment in the event area. It is AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. DHS Department of Homeland Security impracticable and contrary to the public ACTION: Temporary final rule. FR Federal Register NPRM Notice of proposed rulemaking interest to delay promulgating this rule SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is § Section because the rule is necessary to protect establishing a temporary safety zone for U.S.C. United States Code personnel, vessels, and the marine
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