HELLENISTIC ART O. Palagia This Chapter Deals with Art In
CHAPTER 23 HELLENISTIC ART O. Palagia This chapter deals with art in Macedonia between the death of Alexander III (“the Great”) in 323 bc and the defeat of Perseus, last king of Macedon, at the battle of Pydna in 168 bc. As a result of Alexander’s conquest of the Persian Empire, a lot of wealth flowed into Macedonia.1 A large-scale con- struction programme was initiated soon after Alexander’s death, reinforc- ing city walls, rebuilding the royal palaces of Pella and Aegae (Vergina) and fijilling the countryside with monumental tombs. The archaeologi- cal record has in fact shown that a lot of construction took place during the rule of Cassander, who succeeded Alexander’s half-brother Philip III Arrhidaios to the throne of Macedon, and was responsible for twenty years of prosperity and stability from 316 to 297 bc. Excavations in Mace- donia have revealed very fijine wall-paintings, mosaics, and luxury items in ivory, gold, silver, and bronze reflecting the ostentatious elite lifestyle of a regime that was far removed from the practices of democratic city- states, Athens in particular.2 Whereas in Athens and the rest of Greece art and other treasures were reserved for the gods, in Macedonia they were primarily to be found in palaces, houses, and tombs. With the exception of the sanctuary of the Great Gods of Samothrace which was developed thanks to the generous patronage of Macedonian royalty from Philip II onwards, Macedonian sanctuaries lacked the monumental temples and cult statues by famous masters that were the glory of Athens, Delphi, Olympia, Argos, Epidauros, or Tegea, to name but a few.
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