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Fort Worden, Fort Townsend and Anderson Lake State Parks

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Fort Worden, Fort Townsend and Anderson Lake State Parks Rare Plant and Vegetation Surveys of Fort Worden, Lake Anderson and Old Fort Townsend State Parks Pacific Biodiversity Institute 2 Rare Plant and Vegetation Survey of Fort Worden, Lake Anderson and Old Fort Townsend State Parks Dana Visalli [email protected] Hans M. Smith, IV [email protected] Peter H. Morrison [email protected] December 2006 Pacific Biodiversity Institute P.O. Box 298 Winthrop, Washington 98862 509-996-2490 Recommended Citation Visalli, J.D., H. M. Smith IV, and P.H. Morrison. 2006. Rare Plant and Vegetation Survey of Fort Worden, Lake Anderson and Old Fort Townsend State Parks. Pacific Biodiversity Institute, Winthrop, Washington. 142 p. Acknowledgements Scott Heller and Phyllis Murra, conservation science interns at Pacific Biodiversity Institute, assisted with field surveys and data entry. Juliet Rhodes completed the data entry and worked on checking data integrity. Project Funding This project was conducted under a contract with the Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission. 3 Table of Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 5 Survey Routes ...................................................................................................................6 Vegetation Communities .................................................................................................. 8 Methods............................................................................................................................................ 8 Results.............................................................................................................................................. 8 Examples of Vegetation Community Types .............................................................................. 17 Rare Plant Surveys.......................................................................................................... 34 Methods.......................................................................................................................................... 34 Results............................................................................................................................................ 34 Rare Plants ................................................................................................................................. 34 Vascular Plant Lists for Fort Worden, Mystery Bay and Old Fort Townsend State Parks ....... 36 Ecological Condition of Fort Worden, Lake Anderson and Old Fort Townsend State Parks ................................................................................................................................ 47 References....................................................................................................................... 48 Appendix A – Field Survey Schedule ............................................................................ 49 Appendix B – Description of Rare Element Status Codes........................................... 50 Appendix C – Ecological Condition Ranking System .................................................. 51 Appendix D – Vegetation Survey Data .......................................................................... 53 Appendix E – Washington Natural Heritage Program Rare Plant Sighting Form:... 140 4 Introduction Under contract with the Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission Fort Worden, Lake Anderson and Old Fort Townsend State Parks, located in Jefferson County, were surveyed for rare plant occurrences and mapped according to vegetation communities by Pacific Biodiversity Institute (PBI). Figure 1 illustrates the location of these parks on the Quimper Peninsula. Vegetation data was collected for all the mapped vegetation types. This report summarizes the activities and findings of the contracted work. Figure 1. Overview of Fort Worden, Lake Anderson, and Old Fort Townsend State Parks. 5 Survey Routes Figure 2. Survey Routes for Lake Anderson State Park. 6 Figure 3. Survey Routes for Fort Worden State Park. Figure 4. Survey Routes for Old Fort Townsend State Park. 7 Vegetation Communities Methods Vegetation communities within Fort Worden, Lake Anderson and Old Fort Townsend State Parks were delineated and classified using a combination of field survey and remote sensing techniques. We relied on descriptions from the Washington State Department of Natural Resources (WADNR) late-seral forested plant associations of the Puget Lowland (Chappell, 2004), baseline inventory of rare, threatened and endangered plant species/communities along Washington’s Pacific coast (Kunze and Cornelius, 1982) and freshwater wetland vegetation (Kunze, 1994) to make final vegetation community assignments. In some cases, the WADNR descriptions were not adequate in describing existing vegetation associations. In these cases, alternative vegetation communities or plant associations were created by PBI or found in alternative reference material. Remote sensing techniques consisted of manually delineating plant associations or mosaics of plant associations in a digital environment. We reviewed orthorectified aerial photography from the 1990s and recent ASTER and LANDSAT Thematic Mapper satellite images for discernable vegetation or landform patterns. When available, we also used high resolution true color orthorectified aerial photography. Topographic maps, digital elevation models (DEMs), and light detection and ranging imagery (LIDAR) were also employed to assist the process of vegetation community delineation. The final vegetation polygons were created by hand in a GIS by ocular assessment. Field surveys consisted of visiting sites located within the vegetation polygons created during the remote sensing process. At representative sites within a polygon, vegetation data and site descriptions were recorded in a fashion consistent with the “plant community polygon” format provided by the Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission. Further refinements and editing of the drafted vegetation polygon layers were done by hand on hardcopy maps in the field, and later edited digitally in a GIS. Results We mapped and surveyed 79 vegetation community polygons, comprised of 28 vegetation community types, within Fort Worden, Lake Anderson and Old Fort Townsend State Parks. Vegetation community polygons are either stand-alone plant associations or mosaics of multiple plant associations. Tables 1 - 3 list the plant associations and/or cover types found in Fort Worden, Lake Anderson and Old Fort Townsend State Parks. See Appendix B for interpretation of “Status” codes. Figures 4 through 10 illustrate the location of the vegetation community polygons. Note that Figures 6, 8 and 10 only show the primary plant associations in each polygon (PA1 in the database). A printout of the complete set of data we collected for each polygon is attached in Appendix D. The ecological condition of each polygon was evaluated according to a simple ranking system described in Appendix C. 8 Table 1. Vegetation Community Types Encountered in Fort Worden State Park # of Abbreviation Association Name English Name Reference Status Primary Polygons Acer macrophyllum–Alnus rubra / ACMA-ALRU/POMU- bigleaf maple–red alder / Polystichum munitum - Tellima Chappell 2004 G2G3S2 0 TEGR3 swordfern–fringecup grandiflora Alnus rubra / Rubus spectabilis red alder / salmonberry ALRU2/RUSP c.t. Kunze 1994 G4G5 2 community type community type AMAR4 Dune Ammophila arenaria Dune European beachgrass Kunze and 1 community Community community Cornelius 1982 Kunze and DIST3 community Distichlis stricta community alkali saltgrass community G5 0 Cornelius 1982 Pseudotsuga menziesii / PSME/GASH-HODI Gaultheria shallon - Holodiscus Douglas-fir / salal - oceanspray Chappell 2004 G2G3S2 2 discolor Pseudotsuga menziesii / Douglas-fir / oceanspray - PSME/HODI-SYAL Holodiscus discolor - Chappell 2004 G1 0 common snowberry Symphoricarpos albus Pseudotsuga menziesii / Rosa Douglas-fir / baldhip rose - PSME/ROGY-HODI gymnocarpa - Holodiscus Chappell 2004 G2G3S2 1 oceanspray discolor Pseudotsuga menziesii / Douglas-fir / snowberry - PSME/SYMPH-AMAL Symphoricarpos - Amelanchier Chappell 2004 GNRS4 1 serviceberry alnifolia Pseudotsuga menziesii - Abies PSME-ABGR/GASH Douglas-fir - grand fir / salal Chappell 2004 GNRS1 1 grandes / Gaultheria shallon Pseudotsuga menziesii - Abies PSME- Douglas-fir - grand fir / grandis / Holodiscus discolor / Chappell 2004 G1?S1 2 ABGR/HODI/POMU oceanspray / swordfern Polystichum munitum Pseudotsuga menziesii - Arbutus PSME-ARME/GASH Douglas-fir - madrone / salal Chappell 2004 G3S2 2 menziesii / Gaultheria shallon Pseudotsuga menziesii - Arbutus PSME- Douglas-fir - madrone / menziess / Holodiscus discolor / Chappell 2004 G2G3S2 1 ARME/HODI/LOHI2 oceanspray / pink honeysuckle Lonicera hispidula Pseudotsuga menziesii - Thuja PSME-THPL- Douglas-fir - red cedar (grand fir) plicata (Abies grandis) / Chappell 2004 G2S1 4 (ABGR)/GASH / salal Gaultheria shallon Pseudotsuga menziesii - Thuja Douglas-fir - red cedar / salal - PSME-THPL/GASH- plicata / Gaultheria shallon - Cascade oregongrape / Chappell 2004 G1S1 1 MANE2/POMU Mahonia nervosa / Polystichum swordfern munitum Pseudotsuga menziesii - Tsuga PSME-TSHE/GASH- Douglas-fir - western hemlock / heterophylla / Gaultheria shallon Chappell 2004 G2G3S2S3 1 HODI salal / oceanspray - Holodiscus discolor Kunze and RONU/FERU2 Rosa nutakana / Festuca rubra Nootka rose / red fescue G1G2Q 2 Cornelius 1982 Kunze and
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