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Contributions Towards a Bryophyte Flora of Iran

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CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARDS A BRYOPHYTE FLORA OF IRAN, NEW RECORDS FROM IRAN W. Frey & H. Klirschner Frey, W. & Kurschner, H. 1983 04 01: Contributions towards a Broyophyte Flora o f Iran, new records from Iran. Iran. Joum. B ot. 2(1): 13-19 . Tehran. 40 additional taxa are reported as new to the bryophyte flora of Iran. They are listed with their localities in this country. Bryogeo- graphical remarks are given on some species. Wolfgang Frey, Botanisches Institut I, Senckenbergstr. 17 - 21, D 6300 Giessen, West Germany. - Harald Kiirschner, Institut fur Biologte I, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D 7400 Tubingen, West Ger­ many. 14 W. Frey & H. Kurschner IRAN. JOURN. BOT. 2 (1), 1983 Introduction severely neglected up to now. Some of the species listed are of St®rmer ( 1963 ) published the moss col­ special interest from the bryogeogra- lection made in 1959 by Wendelbo in Iran phical point of view. Jubula hutchinsiae and summarized all known finds up to subsp. Javanica, found in the Caucasus 1962. Frey ( 1974 ) listed all known and in the forests on the southern coast liverworts from Iran. Since this time of the Caspian Sea (Hyrcanian forest only a few papers on the bryophyte area) and Black Sea (Euxine forest area), flora and vegetion o f this country have appears to be a relict o f the late Tertiary been published ( Amell 1963; Frey & and Quaternary. The nearest otherfinds Probst 1973, 1974 a, b; Frey & kiirsch- are in the Himalayas, followed by South­ ner 1977; Tregubov & Tregubov 1969 — east Asia and Oceania (Guercke 1978). 1970). J. hutchinsiae is apparently an old tribe Between 1972 and 1977 we made which was divided into two separate several journeys to Iran and to Afghanis­ areas already before the ice age. The tan for geobotanical research. There we western tribe, J. hutchinsiae subsp. hut­ had the opportunity to collect many chinsiae, is distributed in the European bryophytes and also to investigate the and Macaronesian region, whereas the bryophyte flora and vegetotion, especia­ eastern tribe , J. hutchinsiae subsp. lly of Iran. We are greatly indebted to Javanica , has survived in the forest the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.the refuge areas on the southern coast of the Sonderforsschungsbereich 19 (Tiibinger Black and Caspian Seas. The one is a Atlas des Vorderen Orients) and the Tertiary relict, and the other, like Pala- Department of Environmental Conser­ mocladium euchloron, is a palaeoende- vation of Iran, which sponsored this mite which is descended from a tropical journeys. flora of the Indo - Malaysian type and The first results (Frey 1974; Frey & which has been able to live on under Kurschner 1977, 1979) indicate that suitable climatic conditions. Among the the bryophyte flora of Iran, particularly flowering plants a number o f species in the southern Caspian forest region, with the same distribution, such as can be expected to show much more Albi:ia julibrissin, Gleditsia caspica and variety than had previously been assu­ Nelumbo speciosum, are well known. med. This can be seen from the many Trachycystis ussuriensis indicates a species reported for the first time in north and east Asian influence and pro­ this study, such as Pedinophyllum inter- bably immigrated to the Elburz from the ruptum, Riccardia multifida, Dicranum Caucasus. scoparium, Rhodobryum roseum,Mnium Conspicuous among the Alniaceae is punctatum, Mnium stellare, Rhytidiadel- Mnium thomsonii listed as a new find for phus triquetrus, Rhytidium rugosum and Iran by Frey & kurschner ( 1977 ), a Pogonatum aloides, which are well species which is distributed in the subar­ known to many botanists and easy to ctic and northern boreal zone. It occurs recognize. It is clear that the bryo­ in mountain regions in southern latitudes , phyte flora of this country has been for example on the eastern periphery of IRAN. JOURN. BOT. 2 (1), 1983 Bryophytes o f Iran 15 the Elburz mountains, at Kuh - e Alw Fissidentaceae Bagh massif. The records forFossombro- nia caespitiformis and Southbya nigrella Fissidens cristatus Wils. ex Mitt. are the southeastemmost localities known Mazandaran: Kelardasht, 1200 m, mont­ for these species. ane forest, at a brook, 1 - 2545; S. of Among the species treated in this Abbasabad, 700 m, lowland forest, on paper which are new to the bryophyte rocks, 1 - 3232 . flora o f Iran 5 species, A nomodon longi- jolius, A. rostratus, Trachycystis ussurie- Fissidens exilis Hedw. nsis, Orthotrichum obtusifolium and Mazandaran: S. o f Abbasabad, 700 m, Encalypta ciliata, may be regarded as lowland forest, on soil, 1 -3223 . new to the flora of the Middle East. Fissidens minutulus Sull. We gratefully acknowledge help with Mazandaran: Polsefid, direction to pan- identification and hints from R. Grolle. dar, 1200 m, montane forest, on rocks, Our thanks also go to H. Bischler, W.R. 1 - 3231 . Guercke, T. Koponen, S. jovet - Ast and J. Vana . Fissidens rivularis (Spruce) B. S. G. The material is deposited in the her­ Mazandaran: S. o f Abbasabad, 400 m, barium of W. Frey and duplicates are lowland forest, waterfall, 1 - 3201 . in the herbarium o f the Botanical Insti­ tute o f Iran, Tehran. The numbers men­ tioned refer to the herbarium o f W. Frey. Pottiaceae Tortella Iminilis (Heu ..) Jenn. LIST OF SPECIES Mazandaran: Babolsar, — 10 m. dune, 1- 763. MUSCI Encalyptaceae Polytrichaceae Encalypta ciliata Hedw. Mazandaran: 5 km SW. o f Rudbarak(Kel- Pogonatum aloides (Hedw.) P. Beauv. ardasht), 2100 m, on rocks, 1 - 3218. Mazandaran: 12 km S. o f Abbasabad, 400 m, lowland forest, on soil, 1- 2533. Bryaceae Rhodobryum roseum (Hedw.) Limpr . Dicranaceae Mazandaran: 12 km S. o f Abbasabad, 400 m, lowland forest, on soil, 1 - 25^6. Dicranum scoparium Hedw. Mazandaran: Kelardasht, 1200 m, mont­ Mniaceae ane forest, on rocks and soil, 1 - 2597, 1 - 2601. Trachycystis ussuriensis (Maack & Regel) IRAN. JOURN. BOT. 2 (1), 1983 16 W. Frey & H. Kurschner Khorasan: Mountain range S. o f Mehma- Kop. Mazandaran: Chalus - Kandevan road, nak (Gorgan - Bodjnurd road), 900 m, 1850 m, scrub, leg. W. Probst, det. T. on calcareous rocks, 1 - 2066, 1 - 2069; Koponen, 1 - 2622. 5 km W. o f Havar, 1200 m, on calcareous rocks, 1 - 2516. Mnium marginatum (With.)P. Beauv. Orthotrichum obtusifolium Brid. Mazandaran: 7 km S. of Ramsar, 400 m, Khorasan: S. o f Jowzak (Gorgan - Bodj­ lowland forest, on rocks, 1 - 2521; 2 km nurd road), 1700 m, on Quercuscastane - SW. o f Makarud (Kelardasht), 1200 m, ifolia, 1 - 3094; - Fars: 30 km NW. of montane forest, on soil and rocks, 1 - Ardekan, 2000 m, on Pyrus syriaca, 3248; 5 km SW. of Rudbarak(Kelardasht) , 1 - 2508 . 2100 m, montane forest, on rocks, 1­ 3253; Dalir - valley (Makarud at Marzan- abad), 1800 m, montane forest, on soil Fontinalaceae and rocks, 1 - 3241, 1 - 3252. Fontinalis duriaei Schimp . Mnium punctatum Hedw. Gilan: Langarud, —10 m, rice - field, in Gilan: Between Hashtpar and Hirabad, water, 1 - 2620; — Mazandaran: 2 km E. 600 m, lowland forest, 1 - 3246. o f Mahmudabad, —10 m, alluvial forest, in water, 1 - 2617 . Mnium stellare Hedw. Mazandaran: Between Ramsar and Ney- dasht, 800 m, lowland forest, on soil, Lembophyllaceae 1 - 113; Kelardasht, 1200 m, montane forest, on rocks and soil, 1 - 2512; FAO- Isothecium myurum Brid. Camp near Lajim (15 km E. of Polsefid), Mazandaran: Kelardasht, 1300 m, mont­ 1600 m, montane forest, on soil, leg. W. ane forest, on rocks, 1 - 2579. P r o b s t , 1-119.—Ostan-e Markazi: Gadok - pass (Firouzkuh-Shahi road), 2100 m, on rocks, leg. W. probst, 1 -1 1 8 . Thuidiaceae Bartramiaceae Anomodon longifolius (Brid.) Hartm. Mazandaran: Kelardasht, 1200 m, mont­ Bartramia halleriana Hedw. ane forest, on Carpinus, 1 - 2105; FAO- Mazandaran: 5 km SW. o f Rudbarak Camp near Lajim(15 km E. o f Polsefid ), (Kelardasht), 2100 m, montane forest, 1600 m, montane forest, on soil, leg. W. on rocks, 1 - 3185 . Probst, 1 - 89; near Behshahr in the direction to Sari, 100 m, on soil, 1 -2053. Orthotrichaceae Anomodon rostratus (Hedw.) Schimp. Orthotrichum anomalum Hedw. var. sax- Mazandaran: 7 km S. o f Ramsar, 400 m, lowland forest, on rocks, 1-2078 . atile Mild. IRAN. JOURN. BOT. 2 (1), 1983 Bryophytes o f Iran 17 Brachytheciaceae (N. o f Bandar - Abbas), 1000 m, Calcar­ eous rocks, 2-379, det: S. Jovet - Ast. Oxyrrhynchium schleicheri (Hedw. f.) Roell. Riccia lamellosa Raddi Gilan: 12 km W. o f Ramsar, 100 m, Ostan-e Hormozgan: 20 km S. o f Khagan lowland forest, on soil, 1 -2635. — (N. o f Bandar-Abbas), 1000 m, calcareous Mazandaran: 7 km S. o f Gorgan, 450 m , rocks, 2-390, det, S. Jovet - Ast. lowland forest, on soil, 1 - 2529. Riccia trichocarpa Howe Ostan-e Hormozgan: Kuh-e Geno near Rhytidiaceae Bandar - Abbas, 2050 m, calcareous rocks, 3-384, det. S. Jovet - Ast. Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus ( Hedw. ) Wamst. Mazandaran: 5 km SW. o f Rudbarak Codoniaceae (Kelardasht), 2100 m, montane forest, on rocks, 1 - 2081; FAO-Camp near Fossombronia caespitiformis De Not. ex Lajim (15 km E. o f Polsefid), 1700 m, Rabenh. on soil, leg. W. Probst, 1-168,1-169. Fars: 70 km NE.of Borazjan, 300 m, wet gorge, leg. W. Kramer, det. R. Grolle, Rhytidium rugosum (Hedw.) Kindb. 2 - 375. Mazandaran: Kelardasht, 1300 m, mon­ tane forest, on soil, 1 - 2626. Lophoziaceae HEPATICAE Barbilophozia barbu^a (Schmid.) Loeske Mazandaran: 5 km SW. o f Rudbarak (Kelardasht), 2100 m, montane rock Aytoniaceae formation, on soil, det. R. Grolle, 2-459. Plagiochasma rupestre (Forst.) Steph. Ostan-e Hormozgan: 5 km N. o f Hajiabad, Jungermanniaceae 1300 m, 2-378; 20 km S. o f Kahgan , 1000 m, 2-381.-Fars: 17 km E. of Jungermannia gracillima Sm. Kazerun, 1100 m, 2-386; 91 km from Mazandaran: 4 km SW.
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  • The Northern Provinces

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    Trauma Mon. 2015 February; 20(1): e25730. DOI: 10.5812/traumamon.25730 Editorial Published online 2015 February 25. National Getaways for the Weary Trauma Surgeon; Part 2: The Northern Provinces 1,* Mohammad Hosein Kalantar Motamedi 1Trauma Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran *Corresponding author : Mohammad Hosein Kalantar Motamedi, Trauma Research Center, Office of the Editor, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98- 9121937154, Fax: +98-2188053766, E-mail: [email protected] Received: ; Accepted: January 10, 2015 January 15, 2015 Keywords: Trauma; Surgeon; Workload As we all well know, the trauma surgeon is oftentimes Provinces of Northern Iran over-stressed because of high workload and numerous Northern Iran is a trendy spot, especially amongst for- professional responsibilities; thus, it is not surprising eign tourists. It is a resort destination with numerous at- that he or she unknowingly neglects the much-needed tractions and all types of modern recreational facilities occasional release of physical and mental stress. A build- as well as natural resources and a tourism infrastructure. up of stress is detrimental to health and impairs both The major provinces, Gilan and Mazandaran, border the manual and mental function. It has been reported that Caspian’s impressive shorelines and are covered with doctors practicing in stressful medical professions are of- dense forests and snow-covered mountain peaks. The ten over-stressed with limited ability to work efficiently major cities are Amol, Babol, Anzali, Rasht, Calus (also (1-3). It is therefore imperative that surgeons take time Chalous) and Sari. Northern Iran has scenic villages, par- off periodically to get away and release stress.
  • Page 1 of 27 PODOCES, 2007, 2(2): 77-96 a Century of Breeding Bird Assessment by Western Travellers in Iran, 1876–1977 - Appendix 1 C.S

    Page 1 of 27 PODOCES, 2007, 2(2): 77-96 a Century of Breeding Bird Assessment by Western Travellers in Iran, 1876–1977 - Appendix 1 C.S

    PODOCES, 2007, 2(2): 77-96 A century of breeding bird assessment by western travellers in Iran, 1876–1977 - Appendix 1 C.S. ROSELAAR and M. ALIABADIAN Referenced bird localities in Iran x°.y'N x°.y'E °N °E Literature reference province number Ab Ali 35.46 51.58 35,767 51,967 12 Tehran Abadan 30.20 48.15 30,333 48,250 33, 69 Khuzestan Abadeh 31.06 52.40 31,100 52,667 01 Fars Abasabad 36.44 51.06 36,733 51,100 18, 63 Mazandaran Abasabad (nr Emamrud) 36.33 55.07 36,550 55,117 20, 23-26, 71-78 Semnan Abaz - see Avaz Khorasan Abbasad - see Abasabad Semnan Abdolabad ('Abdul-abad') 35.04 58.47 35,067 58,783 86, 88, 96-99 Khorasan Abdullabad [NE of Sabzevar] * * * * 20, 23-26, 71-78 Khorasan Abeli - see Ab Ali Tehran Abiz 33.41 59.57 33,683 59,950 87, 89, 90, 91, 94, 96-99 Khorasan Abr ('Abar') 36.43 55.05 36,717 55,083 37, 40, 84 Semnan Abr pass 36.47 55.00 36,783 55,000 37, 40, 84 Semnan/Golestan Absellabad - see Afzalabad Sistan & Baluchestan Absh-Kushta [at c.: ] 29.35 60.50 29,583 60,833 87, 89, 91, 96-99 Sistan & Baluchestan Abu Turab 33.51 59.36 33,850 59,600 86, 88, 96-99 Khorasan Abulhassan [at c.:] 32.10 49.10 32,167 49,167 20, 23-26, 71-78 Khuzestan Adimi 31.07 61.24 31,117 61,400 90, 94, 96-99 Sistan & Baluchestan Afzalabad 30.56 61.19 30,933 61,317 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, Sistan & Baluchestan 94, 96-99 Aga-baba 36.19 49.36 36,317 49,600 92, 96-99 Qazvin Agulyashker/Aguljashkar/Aghol Jaskar 31.38 49.40 31,633 49,667 92, 96-99 Khuzestan [at c.: ] Ahandar [at c.: ] 32.59 59.18 32,983 59,300 86, 88, 96-99 Khorasan Ahangar Mahalleh - see Now Mal Golestan Ahangaran 33.25 60.12 33,417 60,200 87, 89, 91, 96-99 Khorasan Ahmadabad 35.22 51.13 35,367 51,217 12, 41 Tehran Ahvaz (‘Ahwaz’) 31.20 48.41 31,333 48,683 20, 22, 23-26, 33, 49, 67, Khuzestan 69, 71-78, 80, 92, 96-99 Airabad - see Kheyrabad (nr Turkmen.
  • Standard Classification of Coastal Ecological Mazandaran Province

    Standard Classification of Coastal Ecological Mazandaran Province

    The 10th International Conference on Coasts, Ports and Marine Structures (ICOPMAS 2012) Tehran, Iran, 19-21 Nov. 2012 STANDARD CLASSIFICATION OF COASTAL ECOLOGICAL MAZANDARAN PROVINCE (RANGE NOWSHAR-BABOLSAR) CLASSIFICATION BASED ON ECOLOGICAL STANDARDS IN THE SOUTHERN CASPIAN SEA COASTAL-MARINE AREAS (CMECS), USING (GIS) Fereidoon Owfi1 , Maryam Noory Balaneji2, Rahim Aghapour Saatlo3 , Mehdi Aboufazeli4 , Zahra Noory Balaneji5 , Samaneh Noory6 Keywords: Classification of Ecological Standards, coastal habitats, the CMECS, Geographic Information System (GIS), Mazandaran province (range Nowshahr-Babolsar), the southern coast of Caspian Sea Abstract Natural resource managers and environmental planners are faced with multiple problems in making decision for coastal-Marin ecologies protection, sustainable utilizing of valuable resources, and the Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). Despite the fact that there are considerable data about the multiple types of ecologies and their importance in the various life stages of valuable fauna and flora species available, their knowledge about diversity of ecologies, range, distribution of ecologies, and their ecological characteristics is negligible. In addition, according to the existing criteria and standards and resources and reserves management, implementing the programs which protect the local settlement and sensitive and vulnerable ecologies will be delayed, and it will be impossible to evaluate their condition without the availability of maps which are based on the geographical information
  • Kelardasht County, Chalus City in Mazandaran Province, Iran

    Kelardasht County, Chalus City in Mazandaran Province, Iran

    Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 8 (4): 846-850, 2011 ISSN 1990-9233 © IDOSI Publications, 2011 Analysis of Human Development of Villages Based on Global Index, A Case Study: Kelardasht County, Chalus City in Mazandaran Province, Iran Masoud Mahdavi Hagilooi and Mansoure Rafinezhad Department of Geography, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Abstract: In modern world and in the age of globalization, villages are safe desirable places for leisure time and relaxation. Therefore, attention to villages means life revival and return to Mother Nature. This research investigates three human development indices, namely life expectancy, literacy and per capita income. From 19 residential villages of Kelardasht County, three villages (Tabareso, Telochal and Kolmeh) were selected based on random sampling and studied. According to environmental and geographical capacities and the antiquity of these settlements, it was expected to have a high level of human development in villages, but due to the lack of management and rural planning, many changes happened in physical, economic and social structure, which made it hard to return to an optimal status. As a result, based on ecological condition of the region and national development planning, it was decided that the “multiple” rural tourism approach would be the best to promote human development. This research aims to analyze human development of the study villages according to global indices. The nature of present study is descriptive and analytical by means of library and field data. Key words: Literacy % Rural settlements % Rural planning % Human development % Life expectancy INTRODUCTION Nevertheless, it has been proven that many of these strategies have no comprehensive application for the rural In the process of globalization of villages, the third atmospheres.
  • Malaria in Mazandaran, Northern Iran: Passive Case Finding During

    Malaria in Mazandaran, Northern Iran: Passive Case Finding During

    Iranian J Parasitol: Vol. 7, No.3, 2012, pp.82-88 Iranian J Parasitol Tehran University of Medical Open access Journal at Sciences Publication http:// ijpa.tums.ac.ir Iranian Society of Parasitology http:// tums.ac.ir http:// isp.tums.ac.ir Original Article Malaria in Mazandaran, Northern Iran: Passive Case Finding During 1997-2012 S Ghaffari 1, SA Mahdavi 2, Z Moulana 3, S Mouodi 4, H Karimi-Nia 5, M Bayani 6, *N Kalantari 7 on Tuesday, October 09, 2012 1. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 2. Health Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 3. Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Para-Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 4. Health Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 5. Health Center, Babolsar, Iran 6. Infection and Tropical Disease Research Center; Infectious Diseases Department, Faculty of Medicine; Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran 7. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences; Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty http://journals.tums.ac.ir/ of Para-Medicine; Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran *Corresponding author: Tel.: +98 111 2234 274, Email: [email protected] (Received 21 Nov 2011; accepted 11 Jun 2012) ABSTRACT Downloaded from Background: Malaria is one of the most important parasitic diseases in tropical and temperate regions. The aim of this study was to determine the trend of malaria in Mazandaran Province, northern Iran during 1997- 2012. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted from 1997 to 2012. The population's study was individuals who registered at health centers of Mazandaran Province.
  • An Overview on the Basis of Urban Planning and Social Life of Safavid Cities

    An Overview on the Basis of Urban Planning and Social Life of Safavid Cities

    Intl. J. Humanities (2016) Vol. 23 (3): (1-13) An Overview on the basis of Urban Planning and Social Life of Safavid Cities Abed Taghavi 1, Hassan Hashemi Zarjabad 2, Maryam Asgari Veshareh 3 Received: 2016/3/2 Accepted: 2016/10/11 Abstract In the Safavid era, cities played a decisive role in the activities of urban social life, especially with regard to commodity, distribution and exchanging system between urban and rural society as well as defining the role of organizations in the commercial process. This paper is based on historical analyzing method where the authors could utilize primary sources to study social and economic states of urban life in Persian cities during Safavid. Farah Abad, Isfahan and Bandar Abbas in North, Center and South of Iran have been examined. These cities were selected considering their functional nature as producer, industrial (processor) and exporter centers. The outcome of the study shows that the cities founded and developed during Safavid, specially on Silk Road, during the reign of Shah Abbas I (996- 1038 AH), played the role of producer, distributer and exporter in north, center and south of Iran. Based on their functional capacities, cities of that era are divided into three types: producer of raw materials, intermediary and processing, and finally exporter (port) cities. The analysis of economic relations of those cities indicates that the king had despotic monopolization of all aspects of the cities where the urban economy deeply on agricultural economy of countryside. Keywords: Islamic Cites; Financial Relations; Safavid Era; Silk Route; Economic unction. Downloaded from eijh.modares.ac.ir at 20:19 IRST on Tuesday September 28th 2021 1.Assistant Professor of Archaeology, University of Mazandaran, [email protected] 2.