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Monitoring Bird Populations in New Zealand: a Workshop to Assess the Feasability of a National Bird Population Monitoring Scheme

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Monitoring Bird Populations in New Zealand: a Workshop to Assess the Feasability of a National Bird Population Monitoring Scheme Monitoring Bird Populations in New Zealand: A Workshop to Assess the Feasability of a National Bird Population Monitoring Scheme Eric B. Spurr Landcare Research Landcare Research Science Series No. 28 Monitoring Bird Populations in New Zealand: A Workshop to Assess the Feasibility of a National Bird Population Monitoring Scheme Eric B. Spurr (compiler) Landcare Research Landcare Research Science Series No. 28 Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand 2005 © Landcare Research New Zealand Ltd 2005 Cataloguing in Publication Spurr, E.B. Monitoring Bird Populations in New Zealand: A Workshop to Assess the Feasibility of a National Bird Population Monitoring Scheme / Eric B. Spurr, compiler – Lincoln, N.Z. : Manaaki Whenua Press, 2005. (Landcare Research science series, ISSN 1172-269X; no. 28) ISBN 0-478-09363-2 I. Spurr, E.B. II. Series. UDC 598.2.087.23(931) Edited by Christine Bezar Typesetting Wendy Weller Cover design by Anouk Wanrooy Published by Manaaki Whenua Press, Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 8152, New Zealand. 3 Contents Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 4 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 5 Agenda ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Overview of bird-population monitoring schemes........................................................................... 6 Ornithological Society bird monitoring ......................................................................................... 10 DOC perspective on monitoring bird populations......................................................................... 12 Concepts behind the Natural Heritage Monitoring System ........................................................... 13 Bird monitoring around Hamilton .................................................................................................14 Christchurch City Council bird monitoring .................................................................................... 15 Volunteer bird monitoring ............................................................................................................ 16 Discussion..................................................................................................................................... 16 Recommendations ........................................................................................................................ 17 Acknowledgements....................................................................................................................... 17 References .................................................................................................................................... 17 Appendices ................................................................................................................................... 20 Appendix 1. Discussion paper ............................................................................................ 20 Appendix 2. List of workshop participants ......................................................................... 28 Appendix 3. Artportalen (or Species Gateway) .................................................................. 29 4 Summary A workshop on monitoring bird populations in New Zealand was held at Landcare Research, Lincoln, on 28 June 2004. The objective was to assess the feasibility of establishing a national bird-population monitoring scheme in New Zealand. Organisations invited to the workshop were the Ministry for the Environment (MfE), Department of Conservation (DOC), Canterbury Regional Council (Environment Canterbury), Christchurch City Council (CCC), Ornithological Society (OSNZ), Forest & Bird, Fish & Game, and Landcare Research. Unfortunately, MfE, Environment Canterbury, and Fish & Game were unable to attend. Each organisation was asked what bird population monitoring it currently undertook, what data requirements it had, and whether it would support a nationally coordinated scheme for monitoring bird populations. All organisations (except MfE) currently undertake some form of bird-population monitoring, and several were planning to set up new schemes. There was little or no coordinated planning between organisations, each ‘doing its own thing’. DOC needs to know about trends in native bird populations for biodiversity monitoring (including monitoring response to intervention management). Territorial authorities (such as regional and city councils) need to know bird population trends for planning and environmental management purposes. Although not represented at the workshop, forest industry organisations need to know bird population trends for international forest accreditation purposes, and Fish & Game for management of game bird species. All participants supported the concept of a nationally coordinated scheme for monitoring bird populations. Issues that need to be addressed in setting up a scheme include the purposes of monitoring, survey design, methods of monitoring, access to data, and funding. The workshop participants recommended that a working group be established, including representatives from OSNZ, DOC, Landcare Research, and other interested organisations, to develop a strategy for setting up a scheme for monitoring long-term trends in the abundance of birds in New Zealand, and to recommend methods for its implementation. The participants also recommended that Eric Spurr (Landcare Research) should seek policy support and ‘in principal’ funding agreements between organisations for establishment of the working group. 5 Introduction Birds are conspicuous components of the biota, and sensitive to environmental changes such as the impacts of agricultural practices, pesticide use, industrial development, pollution, and climate change (e.g. Fuller et al. 1995; Campbell et al. 1997; Eeva et al. 1998; Gregory & Baillie 1998; Siriwardena et al. 1998; Crick et al. 1999; Krebs et al. 1999). Many countries overseas have national schemes for monitoring common bird populations, using changes in bird abundance as indicators of environmental changes. The longest running scheme is possibly the Christmas Bird Count in the USA, which started in 1900 (www.audubon.org/bird/cbc/). Other long-running schemes include the Breeding Bird Survey in the UK, which started as the Common Bird Census in 1962 (www.bto.org/bbs/), and the Breeding Bird Survey in North America, which started in 1966 (www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/bbs/). More recently, the European Bird Census Council has been instrumental in establishing national bird-population monitoring schemes in at least 20 European countries (www.ebbc.info/). In 2002, it established the Pan-European Breeding Bird Monitoring Scheme, and used data from these schemes to generate trends in the abundance of common birds across Europe over the past 20 years. In Australia, the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (Birds Australia) initiated a nationwide Australian Bird Count in 1989 (Clarke et al. 1999). Birds Australia has also recently completed its second nationwide bird- distribution mapping exercise, and produced a report on the state of Australia’s birds that will feed into the Government’s State of the Environment reporting, as an indicator of national environmental health (Olsen et al. 2003). New Zealand has national schemes for monitoring populations of several bird species, such as some waders (e.g. Maloney 1999), some game birds (e.g. Rodway 2003a,b), and some rare landbirds (e.g. Kiwi Call Monitoring Scheme), but has no schemes for monitoring populations of common landbirds and seabirds. The Ornithological Society of New Zealand conducted national bird-distribution mapping exercises between 1969 and 1979 (Bull et al. 1985) and 1999 and 2004 (http://osnz.org.nz/). However, no information was collected on bird numbers. Landcare Research reviewed bird-population monitoring schemes overseas and in New Zealand (Spurr 2003), and produced a discussion paper on the potential design of such a scheme for New Zealand (Appendix 1). Subsequently, an inter-organisation workshop was convened to consider the feasibility of establishing a national bird-population monitoring scheme in New Zealand. Agenda Representatives from the Ministry for the Environment (MfE), Department of Conservation (DOC), Canterbury Regional Council (Environment Canterbury), Christchurch City Council (CCC), Ornithological Society of New Zealand (OSNZ), Royal Forest and Bird Protection Society (Forest & Bird), Fish and Game New Zealand (Fish & Game), and Landcare Research were invited to attend the workshop. However, representatives from only five of the organisations were able to attend (Appendix 2). MfE, Environment Canterbury, and Fish & Game were unable to send representatives. The workshop started with an overview of bird-population monitoring schemes overseas. This was followed by presentations from the various organisations represented, on what bird-population monitoring they are currently doing or planning to do and, if relevant, what bird-population data they require. The workshop finished with a discussion on whether a national bird-population monitoring scheme was needed and, if so, which scheme(s), and how to get the scheme(s) established. 6 Overview of bird-population monitoring schemes Eric Spurr (Landcare Research) Introduction
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