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Ministry of Roads and Highways Ministry of Transport & Ghana REPUBLIC OF GHANA MINISTRY OF ROADS AND HIGHWAYS MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT & GHANA STATISTICAL SERVICE TRANSPORT INDICATORS AND DATABASE PROJECT SECOND NATIONAL HOUSEHOLD TRANSPORT SURVEY REPORT 2012 SUPPORT FOR THE TRANSPORT SECCTOR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Phase I of the National Transport Household Survey was conducted in 2007 as part of the Transport Indicators Database Project. It was funded by the Danish Agency for International Development (DANIDA) under the Transport Sector Program Support. This first phase of the Household Survey was to collect baseline data for the production of transport indicators. The Project sought to establish a reliable, multi-sectorial database of transport-related indicators covering all modes of transport in Ghana for planning and evidence-based decision making. The second phase of the Project which was funded by the European Union, was aimed at updating the baseline data. This was a national representative survey carried out between September 2012 and December 2012 by the Ghana Statistical Service in collaboration with the Ministry of Roads and Highways. This report represents the results of the household survey with particular emphasis on time use, market access and transportations in the country. It is expected that the report will assist the transport sector and other stakeholders in planning, decision making and research. We wish to thank all community and opinion leaders as well as respondents who willingly supported the field workers and provided them with the required information. We are indebted to all the fieldstaff for their dedication towards this project. We are also grateful to the support staff for their tireless efforts which led to the successful completion of the survey. We acknowledge with gratitude the funding support of the European Union and the Government of Ghana to the project. We are also grateful to the Ministry of Roads and Highways for not only sourcing for funds, but also supporting all the project activities. DR. PHILOMENA NYARKO GOVERNMENT STATISTICIAN JULY 2013 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ....................................................................... ii LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................................. iv LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................ vi DEFINITIONS AND CONCEPTS ....................................................................................... vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................ ix CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives of the Survey ............................................................................................. 1 1.3 Sample Design............................................................................................................. 2 1.4 Survey methodology ................................................................................................... 2 CHAPTER TWO: DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ........................................... 4 2.1 Characteristics of household members ........................................................................ 4 2.2 Relationship to Head of Household ............................................................................ 4 2.3 Marital Status .............................................................................................................. 6 2.4 Nationality ................................................................................................................... 6 2.5 Place of Birth by region of current residence .............................................................. 7 CHAPTER THREE: EDUCATION ..................................................................................... 8 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 8 3.2 School Attendance....................................................................................................... 8 3.2 Type of School .......................................................................................................... 11 3.3 Distance from residence to school ............................................................................ 11 3.4 Means of Transport to and from school .................................................................... 12 3.5 Average waiting time (minutes) spent for transport to and from school .................. 16 3.6 Difficulties and main obstacles to and from school .................................................. 16 3.7 School Attendance in the past ................................................................................... 18 3.8 Reasons for not currently being in school ................................................................. 18 CHAPTER FOUR: HEALTH ............................................................................................. 20 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 20 4.2 Health status in the last 4 weeks................................................................................ 20 4.3 Visits to health facility .............................................................................................. 21 4.4 Reasons for choosing a particular health facility ...................................................... 22 4.5 Reasons for not visiting a health facility ................................................................... 23 4.6 Distance to the health facility .................................................................................... 23 4.7 Main obstacles encountered visiting a health facility ............................................... 24 4.8 Means of transport to health facility ......................................................................... 25 4.9 Waiting time to a health facility ................................................................................ 25 4.10 Travel time to a health facility ............................................................................... 26 4.12 Reliability of transport to health facility................................................................ 27 4.13 Time of day transport is not available to health facility ........................................ 27 4.14 Females who gave birth in the last 12 months....................................................... 27 4.15 Place of birth of child ............................................................................................ 28 CHAPTER FIVE: ECONOMIC ACTIVITY .................................................................... 29 5.1 General Economic Activity ....................................................................................... 29 5.2 Market Access for Agricultural Produce ................................................................... 36 CHAPTER SIX: GENERAL TRANSPORT SERVICES ................................................ 41 6.1 Individual Use of Transport ..................................................................................... 41 6.2 Household Access to and Use of Transport .............................................................. 52 CHAPTER SEVEN: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION ................................................. 70 iii LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1: Distribution of household members by region, sex and locality ............................. 4 Table 2.2: Relationship to head of household by region .......................................................... 5 Table 2.3: Marital status by region (%) .................................................................................... 6 Table 2.4: Nationality by region (%) ........................................................................................ 6 Table 2.5: Place of birth by region of current residence ........................................................... 7 Table 3.1: Current school attendance (persons aged 3 years and older) ................................... 8 Table 3.2: Current school grade .............................................................................................. 10 Table 3.3: Type of school attending ....................................................................................... 11 Table 3.4: Distance from residence to school ........................................................................ 12 Table 3.5: Means of transport to and from school ................................................................. 12 Table 3.6a: Means of transport to school (%) .......................................................................... 14 Table 3.6b: Means of transport from school (%) ..................................................................... 15 Table 3.7: Distribution of waiting time to and from school .................................................. 16 Table 3.8: Any difficulty getting to school ............................................................................ 17 Table 3.9: Main difficulties faced in going to school ............................................................ 17 Table 3.10: Same transport to and from
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