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Gilles Deleuze,Felix Guattari | 619 pages | 21 Dec 1987 | University of Minnesota Press | 9780816614028 | English, French | Minneapolis, A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia by Gilles Deleuze

Deleuze and Guattari analyse the relationship of desire to reality especially through schizophrenia and psychosisand to capitalist society; they address human psychology, economics, society, the creative arts, literature, civilization, and history. They also detail their different organisations of production, "inscription" an act inflicted on all social bodies which corresponds to Marx's "distribution" and "exchange" and consumption, and they develop a critical practice that they A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia schizoanalysis which the book proposes. LaingDavid Cooperand Pierre Clastres. Anti-Oedipus became a sensation upon publication and a widely celebrated work that shifted contemporary philosophy. It is seen as a key text in the micropolitics of desire, alongside Lyotard's Libidinal Economy It has been credited with having devastated the French Lacanian movementalthough "schizoanalysis" has been regarded as flawed for multiple reasons, including the emancipatory claims Deleuze and Guattari make for schizophrenia. Deleuze and Guattari's " schizoanalysis " is a militant social and political analysis that responds to what they see as the reactionary tendencies of psychoanalysis. In contrast to the psychoanalytic conception, schizoanalysis assumes that the libido does not need to be de-sexualised, sublimatedor to go by way of metamorphoses in order to invest economic or political factors. Unconscious libidinal investments of desire coexist without necessarily coinciding with preconscious investments made according to the needs or ideological interests of the subject individual or collective who desires. A form of social production and reproduction, along with its economic and financial mechanisms, its political formations, and so on, can be desired as such, in whole or in part, independently of the interests A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia the desiring-subject. It was not by means of a metaphor, even a A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia metaphor, that Hitler was able to sexually arouse the fascists. It is not by means of a metaphor that a banking or stock-market transaction, a claim, a coupon, a credit, is able to arouse people who are not necessarily bankers. And what about the effects of money that grows, money that produces more money? There are socioeconomic "complexes" that are also veritable complexes of the unconsciousand that communicate a voluptuous wave from the top to the bottom of their hierarchy the military—industrial complex. And ideologyOedipusand the phallus have nothing to do with this, because they depend on it rather than being its impetus. Schizoanalysis seeks to show how "in the subject who desires, desire can be made to desire its own repression—whence the role of the death instinct in the circuit connecting desire to the social sphere. The traditional understanding of desire assumes an exclusive distinction between "production" and "acquisition. This dominant conception, Deleuze and Guattari argue, is a form of philosophical idealism. Like their contemporary, R. Laingand like Reich before them, Deleuze and Guattari make a connection between psychological repression and social oppression. By means of their concept of desiring-production, however, their manner of doing so is radically different. They describe a universe composed of desiring-machines, all of which are connected to one another: "There are no desiring-machines that exist outside the social machines that they form on a large scale; and no social machines without the desiring machines that inhabit them on a small scale. This dualism, they argue, limited and trapped the revolutionary potential of the theories of Laing and Reich. Deleuze and Guattari develop a critique of Freud and Lacan's psychoanalysis, anti-psychiatryand Freudo-Marxism with its insistence on a necessary mediation between the two realms of desire and the social. Deleuze and Guattari's concept of sexuality is not limited to the interaction of male and female gender rolesbut instead posits a multiplicity of flows that a "hundred thousand" desiring-machines create within their connected universe; Deleuze and Guattari contrast this "non-human, molecular sexuality" to "molar" binary sexuality : "making love is not just becoming as one, or even two, but becoming as a hundred thousand," they write, adding that "we always make love with worlds. The "anti-" part of their critique of the Freudian Oedipal complex begins with that original model's articulation of society [ clarification needed ] based on the family triangle of fathermother and child. A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, they argue that schizophrenia is an extreme mental state co-existent with the capitalist system itself [22] and capitalism keeps enforcing neurosis as a way of maintaining normality. However, they oppose a non-clinical concept of "schizophrenia" as deterritorialization to the clinical end-result "schizophrenic" i. Since desire can take on as many forms as there are persons to implement it, it must seek new channels and different combinations to realize itself, forming a body without organs for every instance. Desire is not limited to the affections of a subjectnor the material state of the subject. Bodies without organs cannot be forced or willed into existence, however, and they are essentially the product of a zero-intensity condition that Deleuze and Guattari link to catatonic schizophrenia that also becomes "the model of death". They argue that this case demonstrates that psychoanalysis enthusiastically embraces a police state : [24]. As to those who refuse to be oedipalized in one form or another, at one end or the other in the treatment, the psychoanalyst is there to call the asylum or the police for help. The police on our side! Oedipus is one of those things that becomes all the more dangerous the less people believe in it; then the cops are there to replace the high priests. Deleuze and Guattari address a fundamental problem of political philosophy : the contradictory phenomenon whereby an individual or a group comes to desire their own oppression. Less bread! The astonishing thing is not that some people steal or that A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia occasionally go out on strike, but rather that all those who are starving do not steal as a regular practice, and all those who are exploited are not continually out on strike: after centuries of exploitation, why A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia people still tolerate being humiliated and enslaved, to such a point, indeed, that they actually want humiliation and slavery not only for others but for themselves? To address this question, Deleuze and Guattari examine the relationships between social organisation, powerand desire, particularly in relation to the Freudian " Oedipus complex " A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia its familial mechanisms of subjectivation "daddy-mommy- me". They argue that the nuclear family is the most powerful agent of psychological repressionunder which the desires of the child and the adolescent are repressed and perverted. This explains the contradictory phenomenon in which people "act manifestly counter to their class interests—when they rally to the interests and ideals of a class that their own objective situation should lead them to combat". If desire is repressed, it is because every position of desire, no matter how small, is capable of calling into question the established order of a society: not that desire is asocial, on the contrary. But it is explosive; there A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia no desiring- machine capable of being assembled without demolishing entire social sectors. Despite what some revolutionaries think about this, desire is revolutionary in its essence — desire, not left-wing holidays! The family is the agent to which capitalist production delegates the psychological repression of the desires of the child. Psychological repression is strongly linked with social oppressionwhich levers on it. It is thanks to psychological repression that individuals are transformed into docile servants of social repression who come to desire self-repression and who accept a miserable life as employees for capitalism. The action of the family not only performs a psychological repression of A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, but it disfigures it, giving rise to a consequent neurotic desire, the perversion of incestuous drives and desiring self-repression. Although like most Deleuzo-Guattarian terms deterritorialization has a purposeful variance in meaning throughout their oeuvre, it can be roughly described as a move away from a rigidly imposed hierarchical, arborescent context, which seeks to package things concepts, objects, etc. Importantly, the concept implies a continuum, not a simple binary — A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia actual assemblage a flexible term alluding to the heterogeneous composition of any complex system, individual, social, geological is marked by simultaneous movements of territorialization maintenance and of deterritorialization dissipation. Various means of deterritorializing are alluded to by the authors in their chapter "How to Make Yourself A Body A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia Organs" in A Thousand Plateausincluding psychoactives such as peyote. Experientially, the effects of such substances can include a loosening relative deterritorialization of the worldview of the user i. Deleuze and Guattari posit that dramatic reterritorialization often follows relative deterritorialization, while absolute deterritorialization is just that During the course of their argument, Deleuze and Guattari borrow a number of concepts from different scientific fields. To describe the process of desire, they draw on fluid dynamicsthe branch of physics that studies how a fluid flows through space. They describe society in terms of forces acting in a vector field. They also relate processes of their " body without organs " to the embryology of an A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia, from which they borrow the concept of an inductor. The philosopher wrote that Anti-Oedipus can best be read as an "art", in the sense that is conveyed by the term "erotic art. Foucault used the term "fascism" to refer "not only historical fascism, the fascism of Hitler and Mussolini Foucault proposed that the book could be called Introduction to the Non-Fascist Life. Foucault argued that putting the principles espoused in Anti-Oedipus into practice involves freeing political action from "unitary and totalizing paranoia" and withdrawing allegiance "from the old categories of the Negative law, limit, , lack, lacunawhich western thought has so long held sacred as a form of power and an access to reality. The psychiatrist David Cooper described Anti-Oedipus as "a magnificent vision of madness as a revolutionary force", crediting A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia authors with using "the psychoanalytic language and the discourse of Saussure and his successors " to pit "linguistics against itself in what is already proving to be an historic act of depassment. Anthony Elliott described Anti-Oedipus as a "celebrated" work that "scandalized French psychoanalysis and generated heated dispute among intellectuals" and "offered a timely critique of psychoanalysis and Lacanianism at the time of its publication in France". However, he added that most commentators would now agree that "schizoanalysis" is fatally flawed, and that there are several major objections that can be made against Anti-Oedipus. In his view, even if "subjectivity may be usefully decentred and deconstructed", it is wrong to assume that "desire is naturally rebellious and subversive. He also argued that Deleuze and Guattari's work produces difficulties for the interpretation of contemporary culture, because of their "rejection of institutionality as such", which obscures the difference between liberal democracy and fascism and leaves Deleuze and Guattari with "little more than a romantic, idealized fantasy of the 'schizoid hero'". He wrote that Anti-Oedipus follows a similar theoretical direction to Lyotard's Libidinal Economythough he sees several significant differences between Deleuze and Guattari on the one hand and Lyotard on the other. Some of Guattari's diary entries, correspondence with Deleuze, and notes on the development of the book were published posthumously as The Anti-Oedipus Papers Rather, the point is to show that there is a viable level of Dinoysian [sic] experience. Schrift wrote in The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy that Anti-Oedipus was "read as a major articulation of the philosophy of desire and a profound critique of psychoanalysis. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Main article: Schizoanalysis. Main article: Desiring-production. Main article: Body without organs. Philosophy portal. The painting forms the frontispiece of Anti-Oedipus. Deleuze and Guattari argue that A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia was no specific "turning point" in the theoretical development of Freudianism at which it became reactionary ; instead, it contained "revolutionary, reformist, and reactionary elements" from the start. This politically ambiguous mixture of tendencies in psychoanalysis arises, they argue, from its ambiguous relationship with its discoveries: "As if every great doctrine were not a combined formation, constructed from bits and pieces, various A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia codes and flux, partial elements and derivatives, that constitute its very life or becoming. As if we could reproach someone for having an ambiguous relationship with psychoanalysis, without first mentioning that psychoanalysis owes its existence to a relationship, theoretically and practically ambiguous, with what it discovers and the forces that it wields" Despite the militancy of the analyses proposed within Deleuze and Guattari's project, they insist that "no political program A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia be elaborated within the framework of schizoanalysis" Guattari developed the implications of their theory for a concrete political project in his book with the Italian autonomist marxist philosopher Antonio NegriCommunists Like Us For the variable relations between the socius of capital and revolutionary autonomous territorialities, see Deleuze and Guattari In failing to recognise this, Deleuze and Guattari argue, Wilhelm Reich fell short of the materialist psychiatry towards which he aimed and was unable to provide an adequate answer to his question "Why did the masses desire fascism? Deleuze and Guattari qualify this distinction between unconscious desire and preconscious need or interest when they write: "It is doubtless true that interests predispose us A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia a given libidinal investment"; however, they go on to insist once again that the interests "are not identical with this investment" The original Latin text reads: "ut pro servido, tanquam pro salute pugnent". Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. The Language of Madness. London: Allen Lane. Skeptical Engagements. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Cambridge: Polity Press. Boston: Beacon Press. : An Introduction. New York: Palgrave. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Durham: Duke University Press. Audi, Robert ed. The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy. Biopsychiatry controversy Controversy surrounding psychiatry Critical psychiatry History of mental disorders effect Outline of the psychiatric survivors movement Political abuse of psychiatry Psychiatric survivors movement Psychiatry: An Industry A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia Death Psychoanalytic theory Recovery approach Self-help groups for . A Thousand Plateaus Quotes by Gilles Deleuze

Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read. Want to Read saving…. Want to Read Currently Reading Read. Other editions. Enlarge cover. Error rating book. Refresh and try again. Open Preview See a Problem? Details if other :. Thanks for telling us about the problem. Return to Book Page. Brian Massumi Translator. He is a key figure in poststructuralism, and one of the most influential philosophers of the twentieth A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Felix Guattari was a psychoanalyst at the la Borde Clinic, as well as being a major social theorist and radical activist. A Thousand Plateaus is part of Deleuze and Guattari's landmark philosophical project, Capitalism and Schizophrenia - a project that still sets the terms of contemporary philosophical debate. A Thousand Plateaus provides a compelling analysis of social phenomena and offers fresh alternatives for thinking about philosophy and A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Its radical perspective provides a toolbox for nomadic thought and has had a galvanizing influence on today's anti-capitalist movement. Translated by Brian Massumi Get A Copy. Paperbackpages. More Details Original Title. Other Editions Friend Reviews. To see what your friends thought of this book, please sign up. To ask other readers questions about A Thousand Plateausplease sign up. After reading the summury and some reviews I find this book very interesting and i am thinking of buying it. But i don't know if i should read the first one first Anti-Oedipus. Has anyone have read both of them? Any recommendation? Mind that i am an artist and interested for the most part of the mind bending insights and the creative thinking of this book. Excuse my English, not native language. Peter It's good to read them both, in either Order. ATP might come first given your coordinates, but don't worry, you don't have to read them linearly. See all 4 questions about A Thousand Plateaus…. Lists with This Book. Community Reviews. Showing Average rating 4. Rating details. More filters. Sort order. Dec 16, James rated it it was amazing. Plateaus is required reading for Assange fans and enemies, as well as those A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia don't give a fig but carry a Master or Visa card or just have a particular A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia for Continental theory. According to Deleuze and Guattari Western thought is dominated by a structure of knowledge they call aboresence. This way of knowing is tree- like, vertical, and centralized. For instance, in biology, we have Linnean taxonomies. In chemistry, we have Porphyrian trees. In linguistics we have Chomskyan sentence trees Plateaus is required reading for Assange fans and enemies, as well as those who don't give a fig but carry a Master or Visa card or just have a particular bent for Continental theory. In linguistics we have Chomskyan sentence trees. Did they say Western? In China we have centralized, hierarchical government and Internet censorship. Such trees show up worldwide, not only in the fields of biology, botany, linguistics, and anatomy, but also in philosophy, where we find metaphysical trees, theological trees, gnostic trees, The World Tree. Such trees are hierarchical, imposing limited and regulated connections between their components. All such trees spread out like many branches stemming from a single trunk--each radiating out from an original oneness or unity. And don't forget Plato, who stands as the central trunk in Western thought--or his Ideal Forms: Doberman pinschers, German shepherds, collies, and poodles are all material manifestations of an immaterial Essence--an Ideal Form of what Plato might call Dogginess. Dogginess is the single Platonic Origin--the Trunk--of the tree of dogs. Opposed to the vertical, tree-like structure of knowledge, Deleuze and Guattari proclaim a rhizomatic, radically horizontal, crabgrass-like way of knowing. Crabgrass, for instance, is a plant. But instead of having one central root, a rhizome such as crabgrass or the Internet has zillions of roots, none of which is central--and each offshoot interconnects in random, unregulated networks in which any node can interconnect with any other node. Whereas the tree seeks to establish itself and say "I am," the rhizome is always rearranging interconnections, providing lines of flight, ranging nomadically across the vast plateau of "and, and, and. The rhizome is concerned with surface connections, lines of flight, with escape hatch of "and, and, and. Being presented with so many options, however, while exponentially increasing the volume of proposals, innuendos, flirtations, micro- seductions, endearments, and possibilities, proportionately diminishes true presence, commitment, acceptance, trust, and actuality. One might expect a novel named The Trial to have something to do with the law. But Deleuze and G. Thus, Kafka's protagonist, K. Thus, Justice, like the courthouse and desire, is rhizomatic, never reaching conclusion. We A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia how this plays out in the Assange case. The Internet, like a rhizome, is non-hierarchical, horizontal. Its nodes intersect in random, unregulated networks in which any node can interconnect with any other node. Plateaus lays out the underlying grammar of our postmodern info-wars, which, as the example below shows, are all about power. If info-activists have a Bible, Deleuzean theory may be it, which many of these activists have swallowed hook-line and sinker as prescriptive rather than as descriptive of postmodern realities. Notice, in the example quoted below, the heterotopian vision coming from an avowed member of a loose confederation of thinkers who claim to have disavowed metanarratives. One must not forget, however, that although rhizomes are a trend, A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia are not obsolete. The human nervous system is one such tree, with a hierarchy. You can chop off a foot. If the human nervous system operated like a rhizome, it would be operating without a brain. Deleuze committed by jumping from atop a tall, vertical structure--a building. We will someday see if Assange has been flirting with a legal system that is rhizomatic or vertical. So far he is following in K's footsteps--to a t. A central theme of Deleuzean anti-centrists is the deconstruction of the Oedipal myth, which involves exploding the central image of the problematic father into many: thus distributing anti-authoritarian ire towards an array of other targets. For instance, in Kafka's "Letter to His Father," he inflates his father to laughably absurd, dreamlike dimensions, until his father's singular Fatherness ballons so huge that it pops--exploding into a vast rhizomatic network of father-like social connections represented by judges, commissioners, bureaucrats. Feel familiar? The following is an example of the info-topian mind-set, of strictly orthodox rhizom ismin which the infotopian author hearalds a A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia victory in the ifo-wars: " Patrick Lichty on December 11, pm Digital Anarchy and Wikileaks. Assange and the whole Wikileaks phenomenon is so important that it needs a little theory. As of December they have been releasing huge numbers of cables relating to US foreign policy, which has the First World, especially the US State Department in a panic. In addition, other undisclosed information, such as revealing transfers of weapons technology from North Korea to Iran, US drug companies targeting African politicians, and so on. Infopower has begun to become autonomous of its material atomic roots. Instead of the robots, A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia is merely the infosphere that is asserting itself. As such, it is focusing of society on this flow of capital which has relocated the foundations of power in the new millennium. In such a case, one node can be destroyed, and the network can still function despite their loss. Although the functionaries of conventional power have restructured themselves in terms of the informational milieu, the latter is not necessarily congruent with the former. The Internet spans most physical states, yet resides in no single one. This deterritiorialization of the Infostate creates an asymmetrical power relation which, due A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia its amorphous nature, is problematic for the conventional nation-state to engage. Conventional power requires a face upon which to focus fear and hatred upon, such as Saddam Hussein or Osama bin Laden. This relationship signals the new balance of power between the nation-state and the Infostate as Krokerian Panic dialectic, in which the ability of the one to relate in terms of the other implodes. As Deleuze, then Agamben assert that power is the separation of the subject from potentiality, and as such mitigates dissent, the nation-state is trying to exert power by separating the means of support and the figurehead from Wikileaks, but distributed, asymmetrical cyberwarfare by the net. The Net, as child of the military conventional power has begun to turn on its masters, with expected reflexive responses. Although the previous statement says decentralized physical power, this is merely an intermediary step to the development of A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia distributed infopower. Anti-Oedipus - Wikipedia

Sign in A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia Facebook Sign in options. Join Goodreads. Want to Read saving…. Want to Read Currently Reading Read. Error rating book. Refresh and try again. A Thousand Plateaus Quotes Showing of It can be used to build a courthouse of reason. Or it can be thrown through the window. No one is supposed to be ignorant of grammaticality; those who are belong in special institutions. The unity of language is fundamentally political. To have dismantled one's self in order finally to be alone and meet the true double at the other end of the line. A clandestine passenger on a motionless voyage. To become like everybody else; but this, precisely, is a becoming only for one who knows A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia to be nobody, to no longer be anybody. To paint oneself gray on gray. Then from the point of subjectification issues a A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia of enunciation, as a function of a mental reality determined by that point. The subjects, its concepts, and also the objects in the world to which the concepts are applied have a shared, internal essence: the self-resemblance at the basis of identity. Representational thought is analogical; its concern is to establish a correspondence between these symmetrically structured domains. The faculty of judgment is the policeman of analogy, assuring that each of these terms is honestly itself, and that the proper correspondences obtain. In thought its end is truth, in action justice. Identity, resemblance, truth, justice, and negation. The rational foundation for order. The established order, of course: philosophers have traditionally been employees of the State. The collusion between philosophy and the State was most explicitly enacted in the first A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia of the nineteenth century with the foundation of the University of Berlin, which was to become the model of higher learning throughout Europe and A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia the United States. It is composed of plateaus. We have given it a circular form, but only for laughs. Each morning we would wake up, and each of us would ask himself what plateau he was going to tackle, writing five lines here, ten there. We had hallucinatory experiences, we watched lines leave one plateau and proceed to another like columns of tiny ants. It is always to seize that person in a mass, extract A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia or her from a group, however small, in which he or she participates, whether it be through the family only or through something else; then to find that person's own packs, the multiplicities he or she encloses within himself or herself which may be of an entirely different nature. To join them to mine, to make them penetrate mine, and for me to penetrate the other person's. Heavenly nuptials, multiplicities of multiplicities. Every love is an exercise in depersonalization on a body without organs yet to be formed, and it is at the highest point of this depersonalization that some- one can be named, receives his or her family name or first name, acquires the most intense discernibility in the instantaneous apprehension of the multiplicities belonging to him or her, and to which he or she belongs. A pack of freckles on a face, a pack of boys speaking through the voice of a woman, a clutch of girls in Charlus's voice, a horde of wolves in somebody's throat, a multiplicity of anuses in the anus, mouth, or eye one is intent upon. We each go through so many bodies in each other. Since each of us was several, there was already quite a crowd. In the signifying regime, the scapegoat represents a new form of increasing entropy in the system of signs: it is charged with everything that was "bad" in a given period, that is, everything that resisted signifying signs, everything that eluded the referral from sign to sign through the different circles; it also assumes everything that was unable to recharge the signifier as its center and carries off everything that spills beyond the outermost circle. Are conexiuni sau raporturi tactile. But he also distinguishes it from more supple, more subterranean links or stems of the "voyage" type, or even from molecular conveyances. A clean break is something you cannot come back from; that is irretrievable because it makes the past cease to exist. Is it always your daddy and mommy that you meet when you travel, even as far away as the South Seas, like Melville? Hardened muscles? Must we say that supple segmentarity itself reconstructs the great figures it claimed to escape, but under the microscope, in miniature? Beckett's unforgettable line is an indictment of all voyages: "We don't travel for the fun of it, as far as I know; we're foolish, but not that foolish. Welcome back. Just a moment while we sign you in to your Goodreads account.