Engine Holdings of the National Air and Space Museum
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Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory Numbers Are Total Active Inventory figures As of Sept
Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory numbers are total active inventory figures as of Sept. 30, 2014. By Aaron M. U. Church, Associate Editor I 2015 USAF Almanac BOMBER AIRCRAFT flight controls actuate trailing edge surfaces that combine aileron, elevator, and rudder functions. New EHF satcom and high-speed computer upgrade B-1 Lancer recently entered full production. Both are part of the Defensive Management Brief: A long-range bomber capable of penetrating enemy defenses and System-Modernization (DMS-M). Efforts are underway to develop a new VLF delivering the largest weapon load of any aircraft in the inventory. receiver for alternative comms. Weapons integration includes the improved COMMENTARY GBU-57 Massive Ordnance Penetrator and JASSM-ER and future weapons The B-1A was initially proposed as replacement for the B-52, and four pro- such as GBU-53 SDB II, GBU-56 Laser JDAM, JDAM-5000, and LRSO. Flex- totypes were developed and tested in 1970s before program cancellation in ible Strike Package mods will feed GPS data to the weapons bays to allow 1977. The program was revived in 1981 as B-1B. The vastly upgraded aircraft weapons to be guided before release, to thwart jamming. It also will move added 74,000 lb of usable payload, improved radar, and reduced radar cross stores management to a new integrated processor. Phase 2 will allow nuclear section, but cut maximum speed to Mach 1.2. The B-1B first saw combat in and conventional weapons to be carried simultaneously to increase flexibility. Iraq during Desert Fox in December 1998. -
Modelado Del Turborreactor General Electric J85-13 Mediante Catia V5 Ingeniería Aeronáutica
PROYECTO FIN DE CARRERA MODELADO DEL TURBORREACTOR GENERAL ELECTRIC J85-13 MEDIANTE CATIA V5 INGENIERÍA AERONÁUTICA Página | 1 FÉLIX RENTERO DE LLANO HOJA INTENCIONALMENTE DEJADA EN BLANCO Página | 2 Félix Rentero de Llano MODELADO DEL TURBORREACTOR GENERAL ELECTRIC J85-13 MEDIANTE CATIA V5 MODELADO DEL TURBORREACTOR GENERAL ELECTRIC J85-13 MEDIANTE CATIA V5 PROYECTO FIN DE CARRERA Autor Félix Rentero de Llano Tutores Juan Martínez Palacios María Gloria del Río Cidoncha Departamento de Ingeniería Gráfica Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Universidad de Sevilla Página | 3 Félix Rentero de Llano MODELADO DEL TURBORREACTOR GENERAL ELECTRIC J85-13 MEDIANTE CATIA V5 HOJA INTENCIONALMENTE DEJADA EN BLANCO Página | 4 Félix Rentero de Llano MODELADO DEL TURBORREACTOR GENERAL ELECTRIC J85-13 MEDIANTE CATIA V5 Índice PARTE I. INTRODUCCIÓN 1. OBJETIVO..................................................................................... 12 2. MOTIVACIÓN Y UTILIDAD ............................................................. 12 3.METODOLOGÍA ............................................................................. 12 4.ESTRUCTURA ................................................................................ 13 PARTE II. GENERAL ELECTRIC J85-13 5.HISTORIA Y MODELOS PREVIOS ...................................................... 16 6.GENERAL ELECTRIC J85 ................................................................. 18 6.1 Desarrollo ........................................................................................................ -
Turbocompound Reheat Gas Turbine Combined Cycle 2015
INFRASTRUCTURE MINING & METALS NUCLEAR, SECURITY & ENVIRONMENTAL OIL, GAS & CHEMICALS Turbocompound Reheat Gas Turbine Combined Cycle 2015 Turbocompound Reheat Gas Turbine Combined Cycle S. Can Gülen Mark S. Boulden Bechtel Infrastructure Power POWER-GEN INTERNATIONAL 2015 December 8 - 10, 2015 Las Vegas Convention Center Las Vegas, NV USA ABSTRACT This paper discusses a new power generation cycle based on the fundamental thermodynamic concepts of constant volume combustion and reheat. The turbo- compound reheat gas turbine combined cycle (TC-RHT GTCC) comprises three pieces of rotating equipment: A turbo-compressor and two prime movers, i.e., a reciprocating gas engine and an industrial (heavy duty) gas turbine. Ideally, the cycle is proposed as the foundation of a customized power plant design of a given size and performance by combining different prime movers with new "from the blank sheet" designs. Nevertheless, a compact power plant based on the TC-RHT cycle can also be constructed by combining off-the-shelf equipment with modifications for immediate implementation. The paper describes the underlying thermodynamic principles, representative cycle calculations and value proposition as well as requisite modifications to the existing hardware. The operational philosophy governing plant start-up, shut-down and loading is described in detail. Also included in the paper is a 110 MW reference power block concept with 57+% net efficiency. The concept has been developed using a pre-engineered standard block approach and is amenable to simple “module-by-module” construction including easy shipment of individual components. POWER-GEN INTERNATIONAL 2015 Page 1 OF 26 INTRODUCTION Brief History Internal combustion engines can be classified into two major categories based on the heat addition portion of their respective thermodynamic cycles: “constant volume” and “constant pressure” heat addition engines (cycles) [1]. -
The TSR-2: a BRITISH STORY with an AUSTRALIAN CHAPTER
RAAF Radschool Association Magazine – Vol 32 Page 15 The TSR-2: A BRITISH STORY WITH AN AUSTRALIAN CHAPTER With the era of the F-111 coming to a close, it is timely to reflect on the development of this aircraft and the rivals that existed at the time of its selection. The principal competitor was the British Aircraft Corporation’s Tactical Strike and Reconnaissance (TSR-2) aircraft. However, as indicated by Sir Sydney Camm’s comment, the development and subsequent abrupt cancellation of the project in 1965 was politically charged. While it was suggested at the time that Australia played a key role in the demise of the TSR-2, there appears to have been many other contributors to its downfall. From the mid 1950s, the RAF and subsequently the RAAF identified the need to replace the Canberra bomber, focusing on a nuclear-capable aircraft. Given the rapid advances in anti-aircraft weaponry capability, having supersonic strike aircraft that could slip under radar surveillance was seen as a priority. The development of the TSR-2 was also the result of the British Government’s focus in the late 1950s on rationalising the eight main British aircraft manufacturers that then existed. On New Year’s Day 1959, Vickers-Armstrong and English Electric, amalgamated as the new British Aircraft Corporation (BAC), were awarded the contract to combine their earlier individual designs into the TSR-2. Later that year Bristol- Siddeley were awarded the contract for development of the Olympus engines which were to power the aircraft. Like the development of any aircraft, the TSR-2 had its technical problems. -
Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory Numbers Are Total Active Inventory Figures As of Sept
Gallery of USAF Weapons Note: Inventory numbers are total active inventory figures as of Sept. 30, 2011. ■ 2012 USAF Almanac Bombers B-1 Lancer Brief: A long-range, air refuelable multirole bomber capable of flying intercontinental missions and penetrating enemy defenses with the largest payload of guided and unguided weapons in the Air Force inventory. Function: Long-range conventional bomber. Operator: ACC, AFMC. First Flight: Dec. 23, 1974 (B-1A); Oct. 18, 1984 (B-1B). Delivered: June 1985-May 1988. IOC: Oct. 1, 1986, Dyess AFB, Tex. (B-1B). Production: 104. Inventory: 66. Aircraft Location: Dyess AFB, Tex.; Edwards AFB, Calif.; Eglin AFB, Fla.; Ellsworth AFB, S.D. Contractor: Boeing, AIL Systems, General Electric. Power Plant: four General Electric F101-GE-102 turbofans, each 30,780 lb thrust. Accommodation: pilot, copilot, and two WSOs (offensive and defensive), on zero/zero ACES II ejection seats. Dimensions: span 137 ft (spread forward) to 79 ft (swept aft), length 146 ft, height 34 ft. B-1B Lancer (SSgt. Brian Ferguson) Weight: max T-O 477,000 lb. Ceiling: more than 30,000 ft. carriage, improved onboard computers, improved B-2 Spirit Performance: speed 900+ mph at S-L, range communications. Sniper targeting pod added in Brief: Stealthy, long-range multirole bomber that intercontinental. mid-2008. Receiving Fully Integrated Data Link can deliver nuclear and conventional munitions Armament: three internal weapons bays capable of (FIDL) upgrade to include Link 16 and Joint Range anywhere on the globe. accommodating a wide range of weapons incl up to Extension data link, enabling permanent LOS and Function: Long-range heavy bomber. -
The Application Rationale for Applying the Regenerative Rankine Cycle Steam Engine to the Modern Automobile
THE APPLICATION RATIONALE FOR APPLYING THE REGENERATIVE RANKINE CYCLE STEAM ENGINE TO THE MODERN AUTOMOBILE. The regenerative Rankine cycle positive displacement steam engine is ideal for powering any road vehicle. The engine speed/torque output closely matches vehicle demand; sufficient torque is generated that most vehicles require no transmission. This external combustion engine needs no pollution control hardware or electronics to provide totally clean combustion when burning pure carbon neutral bio fuels. Historically, material limitations have prevented vehicular steam power from receiving the advanced development and higher level of operation needed to compete with internal combustion engines. Only in huge powerhouses has the Rankine steam cycle been taken to the highest level of efficiency possible with existing materials; working with supercritical pressure of 3400-4400 psi and peak superheat temperature of 1400° F. The commercial availability of better materials makes a good reason to reassess the vehicular Rankine cycle steam engine. (Definition: Supercritical steam generators commonly used for electrical power generation typically operate at, or over, the supercritical pressure of 3206 psi at 706°F. At such high pressure and temperature boiling ceases to occur because the pressure is above the critical point where the bubbles form. Supercritical pressure steam generators are classified as “boilers” yet no "boiling" actually occurs.) By James Crank and Ken Helmick 1-25-15 INTRODUCTION. In ancient Greece, Heron of Alexandra used the heat from fire to produce work. Since the 16th Century many working cycles have been invented and used to produce shaft power from heat. The first real steam powered device was invented by Thomas Savery in 1698 to pump water from mines in England. -
Aircraft Collection
A, AIR & SPA ID SE CE MU REP SEU INT M AIRCRAFT COLLECTION From the Avenger torpedo bomber, a stalwart from Intrepid’s World War II service, to the A-12, the spy plane from the Cold War, this collection reflects some of the GREATEST ACHIEVEMENTS IN MILITARY AVIATION. Photo: Liam Marshall TABLE OF CONTENTS Bombers / Attack Fighters Multirole Helicopters Reconnaissance / Surveillance Trainers OV-101 Enterprise Concorde Aircraft Restoration Hangar Photo: Liam Marshall BOMBERS/ATTACK The basic mission of the aircraft carrier is to project the U.S. Navy’s military strength far beyond our shores. These warships are primarily deployed to deter aggression and protect American strategic interests. Should deterrence fail, the carrier’s bombers and attack aircraft engage in vital operations to support other forces. The collection includes the 1940-designed Grumman TBM Avenger of World War II. Also on display is the Douglas A-1 Skyraider, a true workhorse of the 1950s and ‘60s, as well as the Douglas A-4 Skyhawk and Grumman A-6 Intruder, stalwarts of the Vietnam War. Photo: Collection of the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum GRUMMAN / EASTERNGRUMMAN AIRCRAFT AVENGER TBM-3E GRUMMAN/EASTERN AIRCRAFT TBM-3E AVENGER TORPEDO BOMBER First flown in 1941 and introduced operationally in June 1942, the Avenger became the U.S. Navy’s standard torpedo bomber throughout World War II, with more than 9,836 constructed. Originally built as the TBF by Grumman Aircraft Engineering Corporation, they were affectionately nicknamed “Turkeys” for their somewhat ungainly appearance. Bomber Torpedo In 1943 Grumman was tasked to build the F6F Hellcat fighter for the Navy. -
EASA AD No.: 2018-0211
EASA AD No.: 2018-0211 Airworthiness Directive AD No.: 2018-0211 Issued: 28 September 2018 Note: This Airworthiness Directive (AD) is issued by EASA, acting in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 on behalf of the European Union, its Member States and of the European third countries that participate in the activities of EASA under Article 129 of that Regulation. This AD is issued in accordance with Regulation (EU) 748/2012, Part 21.A.3B. In accordance with Regulation (EU) 1321/2014 Annex I, Part M.A.301, the continuing airworthiness of an aircraft shall be ensured by accomplishing any applicable ADs. Consequently, no person may operate an aircraft to which an AD applies, except in accordance with the requirements of that AD, unless otherwise specified by the Agency [Regulation (EU) 1321/2014 Annex I, Part M.A.303] or agreed with the Authority of the State of Registry [Regulation (EU) 2018/1139, Article 71 exemption]. Design Approval Holder’s Name: Type/Model designation(s): CFM INTERNATIONAL S.A. CFM56-7B engines Effective Date: 05 October 2018 TCDS Number(s): EASA.E.004 Foreign AD: Not applicable Supersedure: This AD supersedes EASA AD 2018-0109 dated 17 May 2018. ATA 72 – Engine – Fan Blades – Inspection Manufacturer(s): SAFRAN Aircraft Engines, formerly SNECMA (France); General Electric Aircraft Engines (United States) Applicability: CFM56-7B20, CFM56-7B22, CFM56-7B22/B1, CFM56-7B24, CFM56-7B24/B1, CFM56-7B26, CFM56-7B26/B1, CFM56-7B26/B2, CFM56-7B27, CFM56-7B27/B1, CFM56-7B27/B3, CFM56-7B20/2, CFM56-7B22/2, CFM56-7B24/2, CFM56-7B26/2, -
Design Details of the Mitsubishi Kinsei Engine*
! THE CONDITION of the only conversion figures in the hope that physical engine available for study these figures will best serve the and the data readily available can purposes intended. form the basis for only a very The inspection indicates to the meager report. The study has, writer two possible conclusions however, been an interesting one which are presented herewith: and the results are recorded for what 1. That the group responsible for value they may have. The design the design did a very ingenious job comments are, of necessity, of a of combining what they apparently general nature — much the same as believed to be the most desirable those which would be made on the features of a number of products of preliminary layout of a new design. foreign manufacture — proved For the convenience of many of us features all. These features are built who habitually think in term s of into a composite design of the sort English units, these units are used that “has to work the first time” — even though a large portion of the and probably did. work is apparently based on the 2. That manufacturing methods metric system. As a result, the and equipment of manufacturers numerical data are approximate whose features were appropriated ! "# $ %% & ' () "# # *! "# # +, "# & ' % & ' % "# & % $' % % - % * General description of the engine appeared in “Aviation' s” report on the joint meeting of the Society of Automotive Engineering Detroit Section, and the Engineering Society of Detroit, June 8, 1942, in the article War Production of Aircraft, page 104, July, 1942. This additional material is presented through the courtesy of the SAE. -
2013 KIVA Development
2013 DOE Merit Review 2013 KIVA Development David Carrington Los Alamos National Laboratory May 13, 2013 Project ID # ACE014 This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information LA-UR-13-21976 2013 DOE Overview Merit Review Timeline Barriers • Improve understanding of the fundamentals of • 10/01/09 fuel injection, fuel-air mixing, thermodynamic combustion losses, and in-cylinder combustion/ • 09/01/14 emission formation processes over a range of combustion temperature for regimes of interest • 65% complete by adequate capability to accurately simulate these processes • Engine efficiency improvement and engine- Budget out emissions reduction • Minimization of engine technology development • Total project funding to date: – User friendly (industry friendly) software, robust, accurate, more predictive, & quick meshing – 2000K – 640K in FY 12 Partners – Contractor (Universities) share ~40% • University of New Mexico- Dr. Juan Heinrich • University of Purdue, Calumet - Dr. Xiuling • Funding to date for FY13 - 210K Wang • Funding anticipated FY13 – 763K • University of Nevada, Las Vegas - Dr. Darrell W. Pepper 2 2013 DOE FY 09 to FY 14 KIVA-Development Merit Review Objectives • Robust, Accurate Algorithms in a Modular Object-Oriented code– • Relevance to accurately predicting engine processes to enable better understanding of, flow, thermodynamics, sprays, in easy to use software for moderate computer platforms – More accurate modeling requires new algorithms and their correct implementation. – Developing more robust and accurate algorithms • To understand better combustion processes in internal engines – Providing a better mainstay tool • improving engine efficiencies and • help in reducing undesirable combustion products. – Newer and mathematically rigorous algorithms will allow KIVA to meet the future and current needs for combustion modeling and engine design. -
Practical-Mechanics
JET OR REACTION PROPULSION Have YOU Joined the Well -paid Ranks of the TRAINED MEN? MANY THOUSANDS MORE ARE URGENTLY NEEDED. PREPARE YOURSELF FOR A MASTERPIECES 10- BETTER POSITION AND BETTER PAY IN MINIATURE! Ambitious men everywhere have succeeded through Long experience and consummate skillin the art of model making has made the name I.C.S. Home Study Courses. So also can you. We Bassett-Lowke famousfordetailperfect offer you the benefit of our 53 years' matchless ex- scale models ofallkinds.To -day we are fully engaged on work for H.M. Government, perience asthe creative pioneers of but as soon as victory is won we shall be " Building a air,. postal instruction.Since our establish- gaugeFlyingScots- ready to resume production of Model Rail- man," fully illustrated ways, Ships and Engines for all our customers. ment in1891, more than1,000,000 with drawings and photographs, priceII - Our London and Manchester branches are British men and women have enrolled post free. still open and our wartime staff will be pleased Wartime stock list to give assistance on any model matters. for I.C.S. Courses. (L/12) price 4d. post free. The man with an I.C.S. Training in any one of the subjects listedbelow knowsitthoroughly,completely,practically. BASSETT-LOW K E9 Ltd. And heknows how to applyitinhis everydaywork. NORTHAMPTON Accountancy Draughtsmanship Motor Engineering LONDON :112, HighHolborn, W.C.I. Advertising Drawing Office Practice Motor Mechanic MANCHESTER :28, Corporation Street. Aeronautical Engineering Electrical Engineering Moulding Aaro Engine Fitting Engineer in Charge Pattern making Aero Fitting and Rigging Eng. Shop Practice Quantity Surveying Aeroplane Designing Fire Engineering Radio Engineering Air -Conditioning Fitting and Turning Radio Servicing S. -
The Aircraft Propulsion the Aircraft Propulsion
THE AIRCRAFT PROPULSION Aircraft propulsion Contact: Ing. Miroslav Šplíchal, Ph.D. [email protected] Office: A1/0427 Aircraft propulsion Organization of the course Topics of the lectures: 1. History of AE, basic of thermodynamic of heat engines, 2-stroke and 4-stroke cycle 2. Basic parameters of piston engines, types of piston engines 3. Design of piston engines, crank mechanism, 4. Design of piston engines - auxiliary systems of piston engines, 5. Performance characteristics increase performance, propeller. 6. Turbine engines, introduction, input system, centrifugal compressor. 7. Turbine engines - axial compressor, combustion chamber. 8. Turbine engines – turbine, nozzles. 9. Turbine engines - increasing performance, construction of gas turbine engines, 10. Turbine engines - auxiliary systems, fuel-control system. 11. Turboprop engines, gearboxes, performance. 12. Maintenance of turbine engines 13. Ramjet engines and Rocket engines Aircraft propulsion Organization of the course Topics of the seminars: 1. Basic parameters of piston engine + presentation (1-7)- 3.10.2017 2. Parameters of centrifugal flow compressor + presentation(8-14) - 17.10.2017 3. Loading of turbine blade + presentation (15-21)- 31.10.2017 4. Jet engine cycle + presentation (22-28) - 14.11.2017 5. Presentation alternative date Seminar work: Aircraft engines presentation A short PowerPoint presentation, aprox. 10 minutes long. Content of presentation: - a brief history of the engine - the main innovation introduced by engine - engine drawing / cross-section -