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It Takes Two to Tango RCEP: Pivotal to ASEAN's Indo- Pacific Futur

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It Takes Two to Tango RCEP: Pivotal to ASEAN's Indo- Pacific Futur ISSUE 3/2019 28 JUNE 2019 ISSN: 2424–8045 RCEP: Pivotal to Assessing the ASEAN-EU Towards Street Art in ASEAN’s Indo- Upgraded ASEAN- Relations: It Takes ASEAN-EU Southeast Asia Pacific Future China FTA Two to Tango Strategic Partnership ASEANFocus is published by the ASEAN Studies Centre at ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute and available electronically at Contents www.iseas.edu.sg If you wish to receive an Editorial Notes electronic copy of ASEANFocus, please email us at [email protected] Analysis Published on 28 June 2019 2 RCEP Is Pivotal to ASEAN’s Indo-Pacific Future Tang Siew Mun EDITORIAL CHAIRMAN 4 The Upgraded ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement: Choi Shing Kwok What’s New, and Will It Matter? Jayant Menon and Anna Cassandra Melendez MANAGING EDITOR Tang Siew Mun Spotlight: ASEAN-EU Relations 6 ASEAN-EU Relations: It Takes Two to Tango PRODUCTION EDITOR Fraser Cameron Hoang Thi Ha 8 ASEAN-EU Security Connectivity: From Political ASSISTANT PRODUCTION EDITOR Declarations to Practical Cooperation Anuthida Saelaow Qian Patrick Rueppel EDITORIAL COMMITTEE 10 ASEAN-EU Strategic Partnership: Acting Beyond Moe Thuzar the Label Termsak Chalermpalanupap Hoang Thi Ha EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS 12 Roundtable on ASEAN-EU Relations Pham Thi Phuong Thao Ernesto H. Braam, Francisco Fontan Pardo, Evan A. Glenn Ong Laksmana, Maaike Okano-Heijmans, Nguyen Hung Son, Eva Pejsova, Steven Wong, Yeo Lay Hwee ASEAN in Figures 18 ASEAN-EU Relations 20 EU-ASEAN Development Cooperation SUPPORTED BY Sights and Sounds 25 Walls That Speak: Street Art in Southeast Asia Anuthida Saelaow Qian 28 Sambor Prei Kuk – History in the Richness of Forest Hayley Winchcombe The responsibility for facts and opinions in this publication rests exclusively with the authors and their interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views or the policy of ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute or its supporters. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form without permission. ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) is an autonomous organisation established in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security, and economic ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are grouped Singapore 119614 under Regional Economic Studies (RES), Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS) and Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS). The Tel : (65) 6870 4509 Institute is also home to the ASEAN Studies Centre (ASC), the Nalanda- Fax: (65) 6778 1735 Sriwijaya Centre (NSC) and the Singapore APEC Study Centre. Editorial Notes ncertainties continue to swirl around the world Further afield, the past two months have witnessed Uas we cross the half-year mark of 2019. The much momentous events in Europe. The election of 751 members anticipated US-China trade deal did not come to pass in of the European Parliament in May 2019 revealed the May, opening the floodgates for a new round of tit-for-tat political pulse of Europe that would define the future tariffs, company bans and blacklists, and an upsurge of directions of the European Union (EU). As the clock nationalist sentiments from both sides of the Pacific. The is ticking closer to Brexit – with or without a deal – EU battle for technological supremacy has come to the centre leaders continue to reaffirm their determination to pursue stage of US-China strategic competition, starting with the EU Global Strategy, including through enhanced the Trump Administration’s Huawei sanctions that have engagement and strategic partnership with ASEAN. shaken the global tech industry to its core. Meanwhile, This issue shines Spotlight on ASEAN-EU relations, a real war with arms was almost at the doorstep of the highlighting the value and constraints of this partnership. Middle East after Iran’s downing of a US drone on 20 June. Dr. Fraser Cameron sees grounds for optimism in the Caution and reason thankfully prevailed at the last minute future of ASEAN-EU relations even as he acknowledges as President Trump’s reversal from a planned retaliatory serious mismatches between the two organisations. Mr. strike pulled both sides back from the brink of war. Patrick Rueppel calls for a deepening of the EU’s security role in Asia through practical security cooperation with While dealing with the fall-outs of these external headwinds, ASEAN. Ms. Hoang Thi Ha suggests that greater empathy ASEAN member states continue to fly their flags high and a focus on mutual interests could help ASEAN and in various international fora. Indonesia presided over the the EU move towards a substantive strategic partnership. United Nations Security Council (UNSC) in May, with Vietnam set to join the body as a non-permanent member To supplement these articles, ASEANFocus convened a next January. Indonesia, as a member of the G20, and roundtable on how ASEAN and the EU could overcome Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam, as guest countries, will existing constraints to deepen bi-regional cooperation attend the G20 Summit on 28-29 June in Osaka, Japan. This in a new strategic environment. The roundtable features month, the region also bore witness to a host of high-level diverse perspectives of prominent experts and diplomats events, including the 18th Shangri-La Dialogue on 30 May-2 coming from both regions, namely Mr. Ernesto H. Braam, June in Singapore and the 34th ASEAN Summit on 20-23 Mr. Francisco Fontan Pardo, Mr. Evan A. Laksmana, June in Bangkok. High on the agenda of the Summit were Dr. Maaike Okano-Heijmans, Dr. Nguyen Hung Son, initiatives to cultivate an ASEAN Community that would Dr. Eva Pejsova, Dato’ Steven Wong, and Dr. Yeo Lay be sustainable in economic, security, and environmental Hwee. ASEAN in Figures enriches this discussion by dimensions. Another highlight at the Summit was the providing statistics that illustrate the breadth and depth of adoption of the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific ASEAN-EU economic engagement. This is followed by an (AOIP) which provides a common ASEAN script and informative explainer shedding light on the EU’s generous reasserts ASEAN centrality amidst many competing and long-standing support for ASEAN community narratives on the emerging Indo-Pacific architecture. In building and economic integration, and how it has touched this issue, Dr. Tang Siew Mun argues that it is the Regional the lives of many people in the region. Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) that would provide the ballast to ASEAN’s Indo-Pacific future. Descending from the heights of international relations, this issue’s Sights and Sounds takes readers into the nooks At the 34th Summit, the ASEAN leaders reiterated and crannies of Southeast Asia’s natural and built their commitment to conclude by the end of this year environments. Ms. Hayley Winchcombe’s expedition to the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership the tranquil and jungle-clad archaeological site of Sambor (RCEP). Upon completion, the RCEP would serve as Prei Kuk unearths the ancient history of Cambodia, while ASEAN’s safeguards against rising protectionism and Ms. Anuthida Saelaow Qian follows the colourful trail the looming breakdown of the global trading system. of street art in Southeast Asia, charting the art form’s Another encouraging development in this regard is the evolution and success. full implementation of the upgraded ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA) which will begin in August Last but not least, we welcome into our fold Mr. Glenn 2019. In this issue, Dr. Jayant Menon and Ms. Anna Ong who joins us as Research Officer at the ASEAN Cassandra Melendez outline the key amendments in Studies Centre. the Upgrading Protocol, and evaluate the extent of their impacts on ASEAN-China trade and investment flows. 1 — ISSUE 3/2019 Analysis Analysis RCEP Is Pivotal to ASEAN’s Indo-Pacific Future Tang Siew Mun gives a critique of the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific and suggests how it can be substantiated through RCEP. y tradition, the first ASEAN Summit of the year The AOIP has two objectives. First, as suggested from Bfocuses primarily on its “domestic” agenda, while the term “Outlook” itself, it is exactly a statement of the year-end meeting carries a heavier “external” content. how ASEAN sees the Indo-Pacific. It makes no pretence However, the 34th ASEAN Summit held in Bangkok on 23 of either supporting or rejecting the concept and existing June has blurred this distinction, as the unveiling of the parallel proposals. Second, it seeks to inject ASEAN’s ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP) and the views voice into the prevailing discussions on the Indo- of some ASEAN leaders on the Regional Comprehensive Pacific. In asserting ASEAN’s voice, it is also staking a Economic Partnership (RCEP) vied for equal footing with strong claim of ASEAN’s role as the bedrock of regional its important work in furthering ASEAN community- cooperation, and providing a timely reminder to all building. In fact, ASEAN’s outlook on the Indo-Pacific relevant stakeholders of the futility in reinventing the and its management of the RCEP negotiations were wheel when ASEAN-led processes are already in place to instructive in providing glimpses on how ASEAN views facilitate regional cooperation. the evolving regional order. To be sure, it is not ASEAN’s responsibility to build the Unsurprisingly, the AOIP took top billing at the Summit. new entity that is the Indo-Pacific, especially since it is In the week since its release, it has been criticised as still a contentious and relatively opaque concept. From “unsatisfactory”, to put it mildly. Criticisms abound that a geographical perspective, “Indo-Pacific” consists of it sounds like a broken record and sings the old tunes at least five components – the Indian Ocean, the Pacific of ASEAN centrality, respect for and adherence to Ocean, Oceania, Northeast Asia and Southeast Asia.
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