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Facultad De Psicología FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA TESINA DE LICENCIATURA El análisis de un testimonio de un jugador de rol de mesa en referencia a algunos conceptos psicoanalíticos. Fantasía, lazo social, deseo y pulsión. Alumno: Gonzalo S. Prado Legajo 26.856 Director: Mgter Sergio Pérez Iglesias 2016 Mendoza, Marzo de 2016 HOJA DE EVALUACIÓN Tribunal: Presidente: Vocal: Vocal: Profesor invitado Nota: 3 RESUMEN El presente trabajo es una investigación sobre el juego de rol de mesa. Para lograrlo se exploran la historia y las teorías de los juegos de rol; luego se describen los conceptos psicoanalíticos de fantasía, lazo social, deseo y pulsión, desde las perspectivas de Freud y de Lacan, enriquecidos con los comentarios de autores actuales. Se describirán las características que hace únicos a los juegos de rol. Se investigará el lugar que puede ocupar esta actividad en la economía libidinal en relación al sueño y al síntoma. Se explorará la cualidad de juego grupal, desde la perspectiva del lazo social en relación a los juegos de rol. Todo esto se analizará a partir de una entrevista de investigación (no clínica) a un jugador de rol, para explorar si las relaciones conceptuales establecidas se soportan en la práctica de la escucha. ABSTRACT The current research is devoted to investigate games in adulthood especially tabletop role playing games (RPGs). To achieve it, the history and theories of the tabletop RPG are explored first. Then the psychoanalytic concepts as fantasy, social bond, desire and trieb from the perspective of Freud and Lacan and newer authors are described. On this investigation, the characteristic that make group gaming unique will be also explored. What place does this activity take in relation to libidinal economy will be also investigated. The characteristic of group gaming will be shown from the perspective of the social bond in relation with role playing games. A research of a non-clinical interview to a player will be analyzed to explore if the upper mentioned conceptual relations are supported with facts. UDA – Facultad de Psicología -EL ANÁLISIS DE UN TESTIMONIO DE UN JUGADOR DE ROL DE MESA EN REFERENCIA A ALGUNOS CONCEPTOS PSICOANALÍTICOS - Gonzalo S. Prado 4 ÍNDICE AGRADECIMIENTOS ................................................................................................................. 6 INTRODUCCIÓN ....................................................................................................................... 7 PREGUNTAS DE INVESTIGACIÓN ......................................................................................................... 8 OBJETIVO GENERAL ......................................................................................................................... 8 OBJETIVOS ESPECÍFICOS ................................................................................................................... 8 HIPÓTESIS ..................................................................................................................................... 8 METODOLOGÍA DE INVESTIGACIÓN ..................................................................................................... 9 PRIMERA PARTE: MARCO TEÓRICO ........................................................................................ 10 CAPÍTULO I: JUEGOS ...................................................................................................................... 11 El juego para Platón ............................................................................................................ 12 El juego para Huizinga ......................................................................................................... 15 CAPÍTULO II: JUEGOS DE ROL DE MESA .............................................................................................. 19 Hacia una definición ............................................................................................................ 23 Breve recorrido histórico de los juegos de rol de mesa en el mundo ................................... 23 Antecedentes .................................................................................................................................. 24 Wargames ....................................................................................................................................... 25 Rol en vivo o juegos representacionales ........................................................................................ 25 Los pioneros de los Juegos de rol ................................................................................................... 26 La época oscura .............................................................................................................................. 27 Los ‘90 narrativos ........................................................................................................................... 28 Siglo XXI independiente .................................................................................................................. 29 Teorías sobre los juegos de rol ............................................................................................ 30 Principio de Lumpley ...................................................................................................................... 30 The Threefold Model ...................................................................................................................... 31 The Big Model ................................................................................................................................. 33 Inmersión ........................................................................................................................................ 38 CAPÍTULO III: FANTASÍA Y JUEGO ..................................................................................................... 41 Juego y fantasía en Freud .................................................................................................... 42 Fantasma en Lacan .............................................................................................................. 50 Yo, Otro y lazo ..................................................................................................................... 61 SEGUNDA PARTE: PARTE PRÁCTICA ........................................................................................ 63 Entrevista a Juan ................................................................................................................. 64 Análisis de la entrevista ....................................................................................................... 74 UDA – Facultad de Psicología -EL ANÁLISIS DE UN TESTIMONIO DE UN JUGADOR DE ROL DE MESA EN REFERENCIA A ALGUNOS CONCEPTOS PSICOANALÍTICOS - Gonzalo S. Prado 5 DISCUSIÓN .................................................................................................................................. 80 El joven que juega ................................................................................................................ 81 Jugar rol con otros ............................................................................................................... 83 Apuesta o pérdida al jugar .................................................................................................. 87 Todos juegan ....................................................................................................................... 89 Juguemos de nuevo ............................................................................................................. 92 TERCERA PARTE ...................................................................................................................... 94 CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................................................ 95 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS ......................................................................................................... 97 APÉNDICES ........................................................................................................................... 103 TRANSCRIPCIÓN DE LA ENTREVISTA A JUAN ...................................................................................... 104 ALGUNAS DEFINICIONES DE JUEGO DE ROL EXTRAÍDAS DE MANUALES..................................................... 115 GLOSARIO DE TÉRMINOS DE LOS JUEGOS DE ROL DE MESA ................................................................... 118 ALGUNAS INNOVACIONES DE LOS SISTEMAS DE JUEGO DESDE D&D HASTA LA ACTUALIDAD ........................ 121 INTRODUCCIÓN PARA LOS QUE NUNCA JUGARÁN ROL ......................................................................... 123 HOMO LUDENS ........................................................................................................................... 125 MANIFIESTO DE TURKU .......................................................................................................... 127 INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................. 127 1. Juegos de rol e interpretación ....................................................................................... 127 2. Los estilos: Buenos y Malos ........................................................................................... 128 3. El juego de rol como arte ............................................................................................... 130
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