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Political Writings Political Writings Jean-François Lyotard Translated by Bill Readings with Kevin Paul Geiman Foreword and Notes by Bill Readings Contents © 1993 by the Regents of the University of Minnesota Chapters 1-7 originally appeared in Tombeau de l'intellectuel et autres papiers, Editions Galilée, Paris, 1984; chapter 8 originally appeared as “Lettre morte” in Journal des Etudiants de la Sorbonne, 1964; chapter 9 originally appeared as “Projet pour une Charte” in Dérive á partir de Marx et Freud. Christian Bourgois Abbreviations -vii- Editeur, Paris, 1973; chapter 10 originally appeared as “Nanterre, ici, maintenant” Foreword: The End of the Political Bill Readings -xiii- in Dérive á partir de Marx et Freud. Christian Bourgois Editeur, Paris, 1973; chapter 11 originally appeared as “le 23 mars” in Dérive á partir de Marx et Freud. Christian Bourgois Editeur, Paris, 1973; chapter 12 originally appeared as “Sur le Départment de psychanalyse de Vincennes” in Les Temps Modernes, 1974; 1. Tomb of the Intellectual -3- chapter 13 originally appeared as “L'endurance et la profession” in Critique, 1978, 2. The Differend -8- and the English translation originally appeared in Yale French Studies 63 (1982), reprinted by permission; chapter 14 originally appeared as “Ersiegerungen” in 3. For a Cultural Nonpolicy -11- Journal des Etudiants du Graduiertenkolleg, Siegen, West Germany, 1989; chapter 15 originally appeared as “Nés en 1925” in Les Temps Modernes, 1948; chapter 4. New Technologies -14- 16 originally appeared as “Tribune sans tribun” in Education 2000, 1978; chapter 5. Wittgenstein “After” =19= 17 originally appeared as “Oikos” in Oekologie im Endspiel, Fink Verlag, Munich, 1989; chapter 18 originally appeared as “Ligne générale” in Amnesty 6. Intellectual Fashions -23- International, 1990; chapter 19 originally appeared in Politics, Theory and Contemporary Culture, ed. Mark Poster, 1992, © Columbia University Press, New 7. A Svelte Appendix to the Postmodern Question -25- York, reprinted by permission of the publisher; chapter 20 originally appeared as “La culpabilité allemande” in L'Age Nouveau, 1948; chapter 21 originally appeared as “Apropos de Heidegger et 'les juifs'” in Passagen Verlag, 1988; 8. Dead Letter -33- chapter 22 originally appeared as “La mainmise” in Autres Temps, 1989; chapter 23 originally appeared as “L'Europe, les Juifs et le livre” in Libération, 1990; 9. Preamble to a Charter -41- chapters 24-34 originally appeared in La Guerre des Algériens, Editions Galilée, 10. Nanterre, Here, Now -46- Paris, 1989. 11. March 23 -60- Published outside North America by UCL Press Limited 12. Concerning the Vincennes Psychoanalysis Department -68- University College London 13. Endurance and the Profession -70- Gower Street London WC1E 6BT 14. Ersiegerungen -77- The name of University College London (UCL) is a registered trade mark used by UCL Press with the consent of the owner. 15. Born in 1925 -85- All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, 16. A Podium without a Podium: Television according stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the to J.-F. Lyotard -90- prior written permission of the publisher. 17. Oikos -96- Printed in the USA. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. 18. The General Line -108- ISBNs 1-85728-128-4 HB 1-85728-129-2 PB 19. The Wall, the Gulf, and the Sun: A Fable -112- -v- 20. German Guilt -127- Abbreviations 21. Heidegger and “the jews”: A Conference in Vienna and Freiburg -135- 22. The Grip (Mainmise) -148- 23. Europe, the Jews, and the Book -159- 24. The Name of Algeria -165- 25. The Situation in North Africa -171- Armée de libération nationale (Algerian National Liberation Army) The military arm of the FLN from 1954 to 1962, the National 26. The North African Bourgeoisie -179- Liberation Army was in the forefront of the struggle for Algerian ALN 27. A New Phase in the Algerian Question -187- independence. Many political leaders, such as Boumedienne, rose to prominence through the army. 28. Algerian Contradictions Exposed -197- 29. The “Counterrevolutionary” War, Colonial Society, Armée nationale populaire (Algerian People's Army) and de Gaulle -214- This organization replaced the ALN as the official Algerian military 30. The Social Content of the Algerian Struggle -221- ANP establishment in 1962. It was known as the Guardian of the Revolution, and it remained loyal to Ben Bella during the 31. The State and Politics in the France of 1960 -252- postindependence divisions of 1965. 32. Gaullism and Algeria -277- 33. Algeria: Seven Years After -286- Comité de coordination et d'exécution (Executive Coordinating 34. Algeria Evacuated -293- Committee) In August 1956 the internal leadership of the FLN established a formal CCE policy-making body to synchronize the movement's political and Notes -327- military activities. The five-member CCE was the executive of the CNRA, which had 34 members. Index -343- Confédération générale du travail The French Communist Trade Union Confederation, a group of unions CGT controlled by the French Communist party. In 1956 the FLN ordered all Algerians to leave the French trade unions and formed the UGTA. The leader of the CGT in 1968 was Georges Séguy. -vi- -vii- Conseil national de la révolution algérienne (National Council of the Jeunesse communiste (Young Communists) Algerian Revolution JC The communist youth movement in France. Thirty-four member policy-making body founded by the FLN in August 1956. In 1962 the CNRA adopted a series of policies for an CNRA independent Algeria known as the Tripoli program. This program Mouvement national algérien (Algerian National Movement) called for agrarian reform and nationalizations. It was opposed by Ben An independence movement opposed to the FLN, founded by Messali MNA Khedda of the GPRA. soon after the revolution began. The MNA had influence among Algerian workers in France. Comité révolutionnaire d'unité et d'action The prototype of the CNRA, the CRUA came into being in 1954 as a Mouvement pour le triomphe des libertés démocratiques CRUA grouping of Algerian revolutionaries committed to the armed struggle. The movement for the triumph of democratic liberties, also known as Largely drawn from the revolutionary “committee of 22, ” its MTLD the centralists, was founded before the revolution and led by Messali. membership included Ben Bella. Committed to unequivocal independence, it opposed Abbas's integrationist program. Its newspaper was El Maghrib el Arabi. Comité de salut public (Committee of Public Safety) CSP The name adopted by a group of right-wing French colonists, led by Mouvement républicain populaire (Popular Front) Generals Massu and Salan, who opposed Algerian independence. MRP The coalition of communists, socialists, and Christian democrats, led by Léon Blum, that ruled France from 1944 to 1947. Front de libération nationale (Algerian National Liberation Front) Algerian independence movement formed in 1954, which came to Organisation armée secrète (Secret Army Organization) power under Ben Bella's leadership in the one-party postindependence A terrorist group of right-wing vigilantes opposed to Algerian FLN OAS state of Algeria in 1962. The war of independence was launched by independence. Founded by Pierre Sergent, it came to light in the Frontist guerrillas on November 1, 1954, and the Front remained the putsch of 1961. independence group most directly identified with the war. Organisation spéciale (Special Organization) Gouvernement général The clandestine organization for armed resistance to French GG The official title of the French command in Algiers. OS occupation in Algeria, formed in 1947 by Aït Ahmed when the authorities suppressed political protest. Later led by Ben Bella, it developed into the ALN. Gouvernement provisoire de la république algérienne The provisional government of the Algerian republic was set up by the GPRA FLN during the war of independence and negotiated the 1962 Evian Parti communiste algérien (Algerian Communist party) PCA agreements with France. Based in Tunis, this gov-ernment-in-exile Led by Messali, the PCA never belonged to the FLN coalition. was headed by Abbas and included Ben Khedda. Parti communiste français (French Communist party) PCF Led by Secretary General Thorez during the Algerian war. Val-deck Rochet took over upon the death of Thorez in 1964. -viii- -ix- Parti démocratique de l'indépendance (Istiqlal) present Socialist party in 1969. SFIO leader Guy Mollet became The Moroccan Democratic Independence party was formed in 1944 French premier in 1956. and won independence in 1955. Its newspaper was called Al-Istiqlal. Sup Syndicat national de l'enseignement supérieur SNE Parti du peuple algérien (Algerian People's Party) The French university teachers' union, led in 1968 by AlainGeismar. PPA The prewar party led by Messali that became the MTLD around 1946. Union démocratique du Manifeste algérien (Democratic Union of Parti de la révolution socialiste (Algerian Party of the Socialist the Algerian Manifesto) Revolution) Founded by Abbas in 1948, the UDMA maintained “friendly PRS Founded by Mohamed Boudiaf immediately after independence in UDMA neutrality” during the first year of the war of independence, 1962 and based in Morocco, the PRS was opposed to the GPRA afterwards supporting the FLN. A liberal bourgeois party, the government. UDMA formally joined the FLN in 1956. Its newspaper was Egalité: La République Algérienne. Parti socialiste (French Socialist party) PSA Parti socialiste autonome In 1958 a group of socialists split off from the SFIO, in opposition to UEC Union d'étudiants communistes (French Communist Students'Union) PS SFIO leader Guy Mollet, who was supporting de Gaulle's return to power. In 1959 Mendès-France joined the PSA, which later merged with other groups to form the Unified Socialist party. Union générale des étudiants musulmans algériens (General Union of Algerian Muslim Students) UGEMA Formed by the FLN in 1955 as an autonomous student wing of the Rassemblement du peuple français party, the group changed its name to Union nationale des étudiants RPF Gaullist group from 1947 to 1952.
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