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4. \. -,4 OFFICIAL PICTORIAI. AND DESCRIPTIVE II SOUVEN IR BOOK OF THE HISTORICAL PAGEANT October Seventh to Twelfth I9l2 THE HISTORICAL PAGEANT COMMITTEE OF PHILADELPHIA Covraxcar, 1912 by ELLIS PAXSON OBERHOLTZER \ Printed by George H Buchanan Company at the Sign of the Ivy Leaf in Sansom Street Philadelphia W‘?/_5' Z052. iliahlz of qiuntents PAGE Fomzwonn ...... 5 OFFICERS AND COMMITTEES ...... 7 O1-‘V1-"1c1-:Rs OF TI-IE PAGEANT ...... 13 Tm: WORDS 01-" THE PAGEANT ...... 15 Tm: CONSTITUTION or THE UNITED Sums ...... 63 PHILADELPHIA IN THE WAR 01-" 1812 ...... 69 “B1~:LMoNT” ...... 81 CONVENERS or THE Srawmc PARTIES ...... 84 AUG21 973420 IE1): iéistnrital ifiageant at 1912 I ris, Hamilton, Jefferson, Madison, James Wilson, Lafayette and Washington, deserves to have its history often told to itself and to the world. Too infrequently do we pause to consider the record of a neighborhood which for interest and impor tance has no peer upon our continent. Four years ago the principal episodes in ‘its life were set forth in the form of an Historical Pageant, which proceeded along the city’s lead ing highway for a distance of four miles. It was viewed by a multitude of people-—as many as could find space to see from pavement, stand or window, on each side of the street from the starting to the dismissing point. Vast labor and a vast sum of money were expended to secure artistic excellence and historical truth in the representation. But all passed and was gone. Only the memory of the event remains. So much appreciation did our pageant win, that I was encouraged to form an association, and with the aid of the Hon. John E. Reyburn, then the Mayor of the city, we obtained a charter under the state laws. For two surmners since, I have viewed and studied the famous historical pageants of England and the time has come, in 1912, in the administration of Mr. Reyburn’s successor, Mayor Blankenburg, for another lesson in the history of this fine old American community. This time, I have wished to cast the principal episodes in the city’s annals in the form of a great play on the greensward among the foliage, and to repeat it day by day so that all that has been done for months and years, by way of preparation shall not vanish in one 2 6 The Historical Pageant passing view. No more lovely field will soon be found for pag eantry than that in Philadelphia’s splendid park at the “Belmont” of Judge Peters, facing the Schuylkill, as it wends its way to the sea, with the city beyond rearing its walls and spires on the dis tant plain which, when many of the figures of the pageant sur veyed the scene, was an open space across which one might often catch a glimpse of the shipping on the Delaware. With this foreword, those of us with whom this work has been the breath and the being for so many months, commit these pictures of the old city to the Philadelphia of this day and to her many friendly guests. ELLIS PAXSON OBERHOLTZER 3» Mia, -14: .7 Y“. I '1~ A , I '._.-.'-~ ' T“ v \ ' I 1- ‘\ ' ,_ 4 w ; ~ . - . _> ';_ ‘I-I V ~ _‘E'= _-. '_ "“.V‘:-T.'V, MEMBERS OF THE HISTORICAL PAGEANT COMMITTEES I Alba B. Johnson (Photograph by Evans) 2 George W. Elkins (Photograph by Evans) 3 John Wanamaker (Photograph by Gutekunst) 4 James McCrea (Photograph by Evans) 5 George F. Baer (Photograph by Gutekunst) 6 Hampton L. Carson 7 Samuel T. Bodine (Photograph by Evans) 8 Daniel Baugh (Photograph by Evans) ae,‘-7. (J, '. -, ".55"? '1':-'..--T, a.‘ I P t ~’-“‘fl%'Z.‘.4.»xt‘I'.'<.l-»~.*.-.~_.» " -. ___r_--<-'r..\. -rt, a .52.-...';'.;: 3Y£~i§%‘-JL’I£'§t5"l§l'fi’I - .'\. 0( _ :"\"€_""Y""‘ . ‘-...5¢"__».’.';; 0 ~ '4 MEMBERS OF THE HISTORICAL PAGEANT COMMITTEES 1 John E. Reyburn (Photograph by Gutekunst) 2 Samuel W. Pennypacker (Photograph by Evans) . 3 Ernest L. Tustin (Photograph by Evans) 4 Cyrus H. K. Curtis (Photograph l)y Evans) 5 Howard B. French (Photograph by Evans) 6 Joseph B. McCall (Photograph by Evans) 7 Edward B. Smith (Photograph by Gntcknnst) 8 J. Howell Cummings Officers and Committees QBffi:2rs ant: Qliommittezs PRESIDENT HON. RUDOLPH BLANKENBURG MAYOR OF PHILADELPHIA VICE-PRESIDENTS JOHN E. REYBURN CI-IARLEMAGNE TOWER JOHN WEAVER CYRUS H. K. CURTIS CHARLES F. WARWICK CHARLES C. HARRISON EDWIN S. STUART GEORGE BURNHAM, JR. SAMUEL W. PENNYPACKER W. W. KEEN DANIEL BAUGH HAMPTON L. CARSON A. LOUDEN SNOWDEN GEORGE F. BAER THOMAS DOLAN JOHN CADWALADER EDGAR F. SMITH WILLIAM T. TILDEN JAMES McCREA ISAAC H. CLOTHIER E. T. STOTESBURY RUSSELL H. CONWELL WILLIAM POTTER ALEXANDER VAN RENSSELAER JOHN WANAMAKER TREASURER CHARLES FRANCIS mnxms SECRETARY nus PAXSON OBERHOLTZER GENERAL COMMITTEE PINLEY ACKER J. cup-rou nucx THOMAS F. ARMSTRONG JOHN aunr A. LINCOLN ACKER GEORGE w. novn JOHN ASHHURST GEORGE nunmmu, JR. BERNARD ASHBY c. c. A. BALD! F. WAYLAND AYER HARRY A. nmzwmn R. R. nooos n1ERs auscn n. KNICKERBACKER aovn MORRIS L. CLOTHIER sAuuEL BELL, JR. CYRUS H. K. CURTIS cvnus BORGNER MORRIS L. COOKE JOHN c. BELL B. FRANK CLAPP ALFRED E. BURK GEORGE WENTWORTH CARR MAJOR 1'. 'r. BRAZIER WILLIAM M. COATES MARTIN 0. BRUMBAUGH J. H. CARSTAIRS DANIEL BAUGI-I JOHN CADWALADER SAMUEL T. BODINE J. HOWELL CUMMINGS GEORGE F. BAER RUSSELL H. CONWELL RALPH BLUM ISAAC H. CLOTHIER CHARLES n. BARNEY BISHOP L. J. COPPIN F. I-I. BET!-IELL HAMPTON L. CARSON w. ATLEE BURPEE EDWARD P. CHEYNEY E. 1. BERLET ANDREW WRIGHT CRAWFORD DIMNER BEEBER CHARLES HEBER CLARK The Historical Pageant GENERAL COMMITTEE--Continued G. W. CHAPIN GEORGE W. KUCKER GORDON S. CARRIGAN N. B. KELLY HUGH A. CLARKE A. C. KEELEY WILLIAM J. CAMPBELL SYDNEY W. KEITH CHARLES O. KRUGER THOMAS DOLAN ALBERT KAISER ROBERT D. DRIPPS CHARLES E. DANA SAMUEL D. LIT FRANK MILES DAY HERMAN LOEB THOMAS F. DURHAM LEWIS LUKES THOMAS DEVLIN JOHN LUCAS HENRY DETREUX E. O. LEWIS A. F. DAIX, JR. WILLIAM S. LLOYD MURRELL DOBBINS DAVID H. LANE M. D. LEARNED GEORGE w. mxms E. J. LAFFERTY BURD P. EVANS JAMES ELVERSON GENERAL EDWARD MORRELL w. J. ELDRIDGE JAMES McCREA wuson EYRE JOSEPH B. McCALL THOMAS MARTINDALE R. Y. FILBERT J. HAMPTON MOORE NATHAN '1‘. FOLWELL LAURENCE McCORMICK HOWARD B. FRENCH F. S. McILHENNY CYRUS D. FOSS, JR. J. WILLIS MARTIN J. w. FLANAGAN GEORGE D. McCREARY w. w. FRY JAMES P. McNICHOL s. s. FELS GEORGE McCURDY GEORGE H. FRAZIER RANDAL MORGAN ALBERT E. McKINLEY ELLIS A. GIMBEL D. J. McCRUDDEN JOHN GRIBBEL CLARENCE V. McCOOL WILLIAM A. GLASGOW, JR. LESLIE W. MILLER JOHN MARSHALL GEST JOHN BACH McMASTER GEORGE GIBBS JAMES MacALISTER ALFRED GRATZ THOMAS L. MONTGOMERY JOHN P. GREEN W. L. McLEAN E. SPENCER MILLER FRANK HARDART GLENN C. MEAD M. F. HANSON H. S. MORRIS JOHN C. HUMPHREYS JOHN H. McFADDEN CLEMENT R. HOOPES ROBERT L. MONTGOMERY VICTOR HAMILTON F. A. MlcBRIDE JOSEPH W. HOLTON WILLIAM H. HANSELL GEORGE W. NORRIS A. G. HETHERINGTON JOSEPH S. NEFF CHARLES E. HIRES WILLIAM R. NICHOLSON J. WALLACE HALLOWELL M. W. NEWTON CHARLES H. HARDING THOMAS T. NELSON THOMAS SKELTON HARRISON ELI B. HALLOWELL ELLIS PAXSON OBERHOLTZER GEORGE W. OCHS JOHN STORY JENKS W. B. OLIVER J. R. JONES CHARLES F. JENKINS ELI KIRK PRICE MORRIS JAs'rRow, JR. GEORGE D. PORTER JOHN w. JORDAN HAROLD PEIRCE GEORGE w. JACOBS JAMES POLLOCK ALBA B. JOHNSON SAMUEL W. PENNYPACKER C. S. W. PACKARD RABBI J. KRAUSKOPF GENERAL W. G. PRICE GEORGE w. KENDRICK, JR. WILLIAM PERRINE ALBERT KELSEY LINCOLN K. PASSMORI ' ~ §_ I-v~'Z‘P< .' I'M’ VII“? egg ‘ . J Q‘ - ..-.31: -.~.' -*;.:._;.f,{‘ '._'-Q - Q MEMBERS OF THE HISTORICAL PAGEANT COMMITTEES 1 Martin G. Brumbaugh (Photograph by Gutekunst) 2 Charles F. Jenkins (Photograph by Phillips) 3 A. G. Hetherington (Photograph by Evans) 4 Miers Busch (Photograph by Evans) 5 Thomas L. Montgomery 6 Theodore C. Search 7 George Burnham, Jr. (Photograph by Gnteknnst) 8 Morris Jastrow, Jr. (Photograph by Gutekunst) iii?-’,-422’I“"E’ .¢;§F‘-;~ rp=7(3'!-_'# 4., ’ “. Tu; -$.':. E-at ‘<41..1 . .~'..V? . ' '2 '\‘.'\’-P’.v;I.;"- ,~._1-.~Q .&I~‘k"\~\.*:-S"d§,.’$-;3:*;’f-ll’ MEMBERS OF THE HISTORICAL PAGEANT COMMITTEES 1 Marion D. Learned (l’h0t<-graph by Gutckunst) 2 John W. Jordan (Photograph by Evans) 3 J. Hampton Moore (Photograph by Gutckunst) 4 Henry Detreux 5 Charles Heber Clark (Photograph by Gutckunst) 6 Charles F. Warwick (Photograph by Gutckunst) 7 E. J. Berlet (Photograph by Phillips) 8 General W. G. Price (Photograph by Evans) 9 C. W. Summerfield Oflicers and Committees GENERAL COMMITTEE-Continued FRANCIS B. REEVES ALEXANDER VAN RENSSELAER FRANK M. RITER ROBERT VON MOSCHZISKER WALTER E. REX EDWIN H. VARE JOHN E. REYBURN E. A. VAN VALKENBURG JOSEPH G. ROSENGARTEN C. W. VAN derHOOGT J. P. REMINGTON HARRY RANSLEY JOI-IN WANAMAKER HENRY STARR RICHARDSON RODMAN 1.. WANAMAKER JOSEPH s. LOVERING waAR'ron E. T. STOTESBURY 01201202 WOODWARD EDGAR F. SMITH CLARENCE wo1.1= SAMUEL SNELLENBURG JOHN T. WINDRIM COLEMAN SELLERS WILLIAM WEAND EDWARD B. SMITH FRANCIS HOWARD WILLIAMS C. W. SUMMERFIELD E. BURGESS WARREN H. A. SHAW JOHN M. WALTON THEODORE C. SEARCH Joan WEAVER JOHN B. SIMPSON osoaoxz B. w1-:1.1.s FRANK SCHOBLE SAMUEL c. w1z1.1.s F. H. STRAWBRIDGE Joan c. w1ns'ron CHARLES H. STEPHENS EDSON J. wmzxs FELIX E. SCHELLING CHARLES F. WARWICK JONES WISTER WILLIAM T. TILDEN T. WORCESTER WORRELL M. HAMPTON TODD THOMAS WYNNE ERNEST L. TUSTIN caAR1.1:s s. WALTON CHARLEMAGNE TOWER E. A. WRIGHT, JR. JOHN THOMSON JOHN E. D. TRASK J. FRED ZIMMERMAN WILLIAM R. TUCKER GEORGE W. ZANE DIRECTING COMMITTEE MARTIN G. BRUMBAUGH, Chairman CHARLES F. JENKINS, ex-officio ELLIS PAXSON OBERHOLTZER, Secretary ERNEST L. TUSTIN, ex-oflicio A. G. HETHERINGTON HOWARD B. FRENCH, ex-ofiicio THOMAS L. MONTGOMERY MIERS BUSCH, ex-oflicio MARION D. LEARNED C. W. SUMMERFIELD, ex-oflicio JOHN W. JORDAN E. J. BERLET, ex-oflicio CHARLES HEBER CLARK EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MARTIN G. BRUMBAUGH, Chairman JAMES MacALISTER MIERS nusca JOHN BACH McMASTER CHARLES HEBER CLARK THOMAS L. MONTGOMERY CYRUS a. K. CURTIS H. S. MORRIS uomus JASTROW, JR. THOMAS T. NELSON FRANK MILES DAY FRANCIS HOWARD WILLIAMS A. G. HETHERINGTON ELLIS PAXSON OBERHOLTZER Joan w. JORDAN INILLIAM PERRINE GEORGE w. JACOBS JOHN E. REYBURN CHARLES F. JENKINS HARRY C. RANSLEY MARION D. LEARNED THEODORE C. SEARCH 1:. J. BERLET LESLIE W. MILLER @@~__i__1_ - _-- __-_ Y I0 The Historical Pageant FINANCE COMMITTEE HOWARD B. FRENCH, Chairman CHARLES E. HIRES JOHN LUCAS, Secretary ALBA B. JOHNSON HARRY A. BERWIND CHARLES F. JENKINS MORRIS L. CLOTHIER SAMUEL D. LIT J. HOWELL CUMMINGS GEORGE W. NORRIS WILLIAM M. COATES ARTHUR E. NEWBOLD JAMES ELVERSON FRANCIS S. McILI-IENNY GEORGE W. ELRINS LINCOLN K. PASSMORE NATHAN T. FOLWELL HAROLD PEIRCE GEORGE I-I. FRAZIER FRANCIS B. REEVES ELLIS A. GIMBEL FRANK SCHOBLE CHARLES H. HARDING EDWARD B. SMITH THOMAS S. HARRISON CHARLES S. WALTON COMMITTEE ON THE SPECIAL OBSERVANCE OF THE r25TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE ADOPTION OF THE CONSTITUTION ERNEST L. TUSTIN, Chairman WILLIAM T. TILDEN A. G. HETHERINGTON, Secretary JOHN ASHHURST HAMPTON L. CARSON W. ATLEE BURPEE J. HOWELL CUMMINGS J. HAMPTON MOORE HOWARD B. FRENCH GEORGE D. McCREARY F. WAYLAND AYER PUBLICITY COMMITTEE E. J. BERLET, Chairman LEWIS LUKES E. J. LAFFERTY, Secretary THOMAS MARTINDALE FINLEY ACKER LAURENCE McCORMICK E. I. BACON HARRY M. NATHANSON C. C. A. BALDI M. W. NEWTON RALPH BLUM GEORGE W. OCHS CYRUS BORGNER W. B. OLIVER FRANKLIN N. BREWER WALTER E. REX JOHN BURT HENRY STARR RICHARDSON A. A. CHRISTIAN WILLIAM SIMPSON GORDON S. CARRIGAN H. A. SHAW A. F. DAIX, JR. H. J. TAFT ROBERT D. DRIPPS HERBERT J. TILY W. W. FRY E. A. VAN VALKENBURO ALFRED GRATZ GEORGE B. WELLS M. B. HANSON SAMUEL C. WELLS FRANK I-IARDART JONES WISTER CHARLES H. HEUSTIS E. A. WRIGHT, JR. J. R. JONES JOHN T. WINDRIM DAVID H. LANE TRANSPORTATION COMMITTEE C. W. SUMMERFIELD, Chairman THOMAS G. MITTEN BERNARD ASHBY CLAYTON E. PLATT CHARLES ELMER SMITH ROY L. STALL E. H. FLAGG, JR. WILLIAM R. TUCKER N. B. KELLY HORACE WILSON WILLIAM H. McCORMICK F. A. MacBRIDE Oficers and Committees II CO-OPERATIVE TRANSPORTATION COMMITTEE GEORGE w. BOYD WILLIAM I-I. KATZ EDSON J. WEEKS A. M. LONGAKER WILLIAM AUSTIN GEORGE J. LINCOLN A. s. ANDERSON W. M. McCONNELL R. R. BOGGS THOMAS G. MITTEN H. M. BROWN S. C. MILBOURNE J. L. CARVER GORDAN G. NOBLE A. F. CLEVELAND CHARLES S. KNOWLTON E. H. FLAGG, JR. P. W. PUMMILL F. s. GROVES T. M. SHAW M. M. I-IUBBERT E. W. STRINGFIELD F. v. mnzcoms C. W. WESTBURY s. B. s'r. JOHN WOMEN'S COMMITTEE Honorary President MRS. RUDOLPH BLANKENBURG President MRS. SARA P. SNOWDEN MITCHELL Vice-President: MISS EMILY SARTAIN MRS. MARY V. GRICE MISS ANNE HOLLINGSWORTH WHARTON MRS. HARRISON S. MORRIS MRS. WALTER COPE Secretary M RS. WILLIAM LEVERETT MRS. FINLEY ACKER MRS. JOHN F. LEWIS MRS. HERBERT E. ASHMORE MRS. J. BERTRAM LIPPINCOTT MISS A. M. ARCHAMBAULT MISS MARY W. LIPPINCOTT MRS. W. W. ARNETT MRS. MARION D. LEARNED MRS. HENRY W. BUTTERWORTH MRS. F. S. McILHENNY MISS EMMA BLAKISTON MISS ELISABETH McCLELLAN MISS CONSTANCE BIDDLE MRS. JOHN BACH McMASTER MISS MARY CARNELL MRS. JOSEPH P. MUMFORD MRS. CYRUS H. K. CURTIS MISS LYDIE F. MURINGER MRS. MORRIS LLEWELLYN COOKE MRS. CHARLES L. MITCHELL MRS. A. J. CASSATT MRS. JAMES H. MORRIS MRS. GEORGE WENTWORTH CARR MRS. W. P. MILLER MRS. FRANK MILES DAY MRS. JOSEPH B. McCALL MISS EMMA E. DONOHUGH MISS ELIZABETH E. MASSEY MRS. JOHN F. DEVELIN MRS. MARY RHODES NASSAU MRS. A. J. DALLAS DIXON MRS. SARA LOUISA OBERHOLTZER MRS. BALTZER E. L. deMARE MISS ELIZABETH OTTO MISS FLORENCE C. FETHERSTON MRS. IMOGEN B. OAKLEY MRS. S. S. FELS MISS DOROTHY PRIESTMAN MISS ELEANOR GOEPP MRS. THOMAS POTTER, JR. MRS. AMELIA MOTT GUMMERE MRS. ELI KIRK PRICE MISS MARY S. HOLMES MRS. RICHARD PETERS MRS. WILLIAM H. HANSELL MRS. CHARLES ROBERTS MRS. H. LaBARRE JAYNE MISS FRANCES A. ROBERTS MRS. SAMUEL B. JARDEN MRS. FRANK READ MRS. MORRIS JASTROW THE COUNTESS OF SANTA EULALIA MRS. ALBA B. JOHNSON MRS. OTIS SKINNER MRS. WALTER M. JAMES MISS MARY I. STILLE MISS FLORENCE KEEN MRS. DAVID S. STETSON MRS. E. F. KREWSON MRS. W. B. SHEARD MISS ELIZABETH S. LOWRY MRS. CORNELIUS STEVENSON I2 The Historical Pageant WOMEN’S COMMITTEE—Continued MRS. A. M. STARR MRS. L. H. WEATHERLY MRS. WILLIAM STANSFIELD MRS . OWEN WISTER MRS. MARSHALL E. SMITH MRS . JOHN PRICE WETHERILL MRS. FELIX E. SCHELLING MRS. CHURCHILL WILLIAMS MRS. CHARLEMAGNE TOWER MRS. T. WORCESTER WORRELL MRS. FRANCIS HOWARD WILLIAMS MRS. HAROLD E. YARNALL MISS FRANCES A. WISTER COMMITTEE ON ENROLLMENT OF PERFORMERS THE COUNTESS OF SANTA EULALIA, Chairman COSTUME COMMITTEE MISS ELISABETH McCLELLAN, Chairman COMMITTEE ON CHORUS HENRY DETREUX, Chairman GRAND STAND COMMITTEE MIERS BUSCH, Chairman Ofiicers of the Pageant Is Qfiititers at the 1Bageant Master of the Pageant ELLIS PAXSON OBERHOLTZER Master of Color and Design CHARLES H. STEPHENS Stage Manager HENRY KABIERSKE Book of the Words FRANCIS HOWARD WILLIAMS Master of the Music HUGH A. CLARKE Assistants in the Field WILLIAM CHAUNCY LANGDON and JOSEPH JACKSON Authority on Historical Costumes MISS ELISABETH McCLELLAN Authority on Military Subjects CHARLES M. LEFFERTS Master of the Dances ALBERT W. NEWMAN Mistress of the Wardrobe MRS. MARGARET McHENRY I4 The Historical Pageant Master of the Band SAMUEL H. KENDLE Conductor of the Chorus WILLIAM J. BOEHM Master of the Horse GENERAL W. G. PRICE Architect of the Grand Stand WILLIAM L. PRICE Architect of the Meschianza Arches JOHN J. BISSIGGER Architect of the Grand Federal Edifice WILLIAM McKEE WALTON Costume Designs CHARLES FFOULKES GUERNSEY MOORE MRS. ELI KIRK PRICE STANLEY M. ARTHURS MRS. ALICE BARBER STEPHENS ERNST F. DETTERER EMMA G. EARLENBAUGH and others Perruquier ANTHONY BOCH Special Costumes VAN HORN & SON ....i ...l,.w_r...... a.....H. . . ...v..+.... , we. hz > _ ....~. t. .1 MAKERS OF THE PAGEANT 1 Francis Howard Williams 2 Charles H. Stephens (Photograph by Ellis) 3 Ellis Paxson Oberholtzer (Photog raph by Haeseler) 4 Henry Kabierske 5 Hugh A. Clarke The Words of the Pageant I5 Eb: mums at the Eagzant BY FRANCIS HOWARD WILLIAMS With notes and adaptations to the field by ELLIS PAXSON OBERHOLTZER, Master of the Pngennt PROLOGUE INTRODUCTION The arena is a wide meadow, with green banks slapin g to a river. Trumpets announce the Pageant. A Herald rides up the field and pausing, proclaims: Ye who would leam the glory of your past And form a forecast of the things to be, Give heed to this a city’s trumpet-blast And see her pictured life in pageantry. A mounted knight in silver armor, typifying the spirit of exploration and adventure, silently crosses the field. Sprites enter from all sides and, beckoning to the east, disappear as quickly as they came. CHORUS Here where the river is breaking its heart in the ocean Shall come mighty leaders, undaunted, intrepid, Born with the mien of command and the power Far-seeing and silent. SEMI-CHORUS (Remembrance) The past thro’ lessening vistas stretches back Till in the green of English lanes and all The lowland meadows and the Norse fiords We see the forbears of a later brawn. I6 The Historical Pageant SEMI-CHORUS (Aspiration) Rather the future hath the nobler view, For see! An inward prescience opens wide The gateway of the glories yet to be— The time to come when on these banks shall rise The kindly habitations of men strong To wrest from nature life's beatitude. CHORUS Whether in memory or in forecast, here We have a mighty drama, whose large scenes Enfold the birth and nurture into strength Of a great people fashioned in God’s ways To bear His banner forth. SCENE I HISTORICAL NOTE To the Dutch is accorded the honor of first visiting the waters now known as Delaware Bay. Henry Hudson, an English navigator in the Dutch service, anchored his yacht, the Halve Maan or Half Moon, at the mouth of the Bay, on August 28, I609, before proceeding north to view the site of New Amsterdam or New York and for the ascent of the river which bears his name. That river the Dutch soon called the North River and the Delaware the South River, Another Dutch boat built at New York of only 16 tons burden, the “Onrust" or “Restless," commanded by Captain Hendrickson visited the Delaware in the summer of I615. The first Dutchmen to attempt a settle ment on the South River were members of a party brought here by Captain Cornelis Jacobsen Mey, (whence Cape May) in 1623 or I624. He came to the present site of Gloucester, N. J., and erected a stockade fort there, called Fort Nassau, which was the stronghold of the Dutch in the southern parts of the colony of New Netherland for many years. It was in sight of the forests of Passaiung, Wicaco and Coquanoc. In a year or two the small colony which was planted here disappeared. The settlers and fur traders of which it was composed made their way to their friends on Man hattan Island. A number of the directors of the Dutch West India Company soon formed a syndicate to possess themselves of and utilize the lands of the South River. They constituted themselves patroons or feudal chiefs of the country, and with a view to actual colonization engaged the services of David Pietersen de Vries of Hoorn. He was a skipper who had lately returned from a long cruise to the East Indies. The first expedition made up of a sloop and a yacht under command of Captain Peter Heyse came out in 1631. De Vries did not accompany it. The party landed in a creek called Hoern Kill, presumably in honor of Hoorn in Holland, soon corrupted into Hoerkill or Horekill, now Lewes Creek, in lower Delaware state. Here a house was erected and surrounded with palisades. It was named Fort Oplandt and the little settlement was called Swaannendael (the vale or valley of the swans). The principal objects of the colonists were fur trading with the Indians, particularly in beaver skins which then abounded, and fishing for whales, then very plentiful in the bay and river. De Vries says that the colony numbered two and thirty men. They set up a column bearing the arms of Holland on a piece of tin. Some of the Indian sachems tore down this emblem and converted the tin into tobacco pipes. This or other incidents led to ill feeling and a few months after it was established the entire colony was extirpated. De Vries was about to start for America with a second expedition when news reached him of the massacre. He came on undeterred by his discouraging advices, and arrived before the half burned remains of Fort Oplandt early in I633. The Lenni Lenape, or Delaware Indians who frequented the river banks, were at the time at war with the Mengwe or Minquas or Mingoes, a more militant tribe settled in Maryland and in the Susquehanna country. “ .1‘ ,-I (Photograph by Vaughan and Fraser, San Francisco) Mrs. Rudolph Blankenburg The Words of the Pageant I7 CAST OF CHARACTERS DAVID PIETERSEN DE VRIES, skipper and patroon of Hoorn. HEYNDRICK ma Ln-:11):-:, his cousin, of Rotterdam. PETER HEYSE, of Edam, captain of the sloop Walrus. Gn.1.1ss HOSSET, commissary. Colonists, with mastifi’, cattle, etc. Soldiers and sailors with guns from the sloop. Indian sachems-—-Sannoowouns, Wiewit, Pemhacke, Mekowetick, Mathomen, Sacook, Anchoopoen, janquens, Pokahake, Sakimas, Zeepentor, etc. The scene represents the landing of the Dutch colonists on the Delaware. The Dutch and the Indians mingle upon the field. CHORUS See how the Lenni Lenape make friends with the white men, Trusting with faith in the faith of a stranger. Haply not always doth Peace spread her wings so benignly, When men of one race come together to barter and struggle In life’s competition. Behold, through the greening A bold sailor cometh, De Vries the intrepid. The scene becomes animated. It represents the settlement of Swaannendael on the Horekill or Lewes Creek. The Dutch are planting their colony. Men are seen building huts and carrying utensils and materials. Songs of old Hol land are sung. A band of Indians enter and salute with cries of “Itah!” They join the Dutch in making merry. Captain Heyse gives them schnapps which they drink and call it “fire water.” He tells them that the stockade shall be called Fort Oplondt and the settlement Swaannendael. He and Hosset raise a column on which is placed a large tin sign bearing the Dutch arms. CHORUS Soon shall the clouds gather ominous, dark and forbidding, Soon shall the peace pipe be smoked for the last time, Soon shall come discord and blood. While the Indians play reed pipes and tambourines in their frolic, the Dutch give their attention to the river and move ofi’ toward the bank. One of the chiefs removes the tin containing the painted arms of Holland and begins to break it up. Soon De Vries and a company of sailors in military order advance up the bank accompanied by Heyse and his company. They meet the chiefs, who seat themselves with the Dutch in a circle. The pipe of peace is smoked and the Dutch are seen paying for the land in merchandise of various kinds. As the negotiations draw to an end, the troops march in and occupy Fort Oplandt. The Indians ob serve them closely and begin to manifest signs of suspicion and discontent. I8 The Historical Pageant Heyse draws De Vries’ attention to the missing arms. The tin is discovered in a crumpled condition on the ground. The pipe of peace is broken and the Indians leave hurriedly. The whites get within the palisades. Armed men are seen preparing for defence. Soon there is heard the war—whoop of the Lenni Lenape. They rush in and attack the fort. There is a sharp musketry fire from the palisades which are finally assaulted by the Indians. The Indians carry the defences, and sounds of massacre are heard from within. De Vries is seen at the side of the fort, giving directions to a horseman. DE VR1izs.—Ride for thy life to the friendly tribe of the Minquas. Tell them we perish at the hands of their foes—the tribe of the Delawares. They are bounden to us by treaty, and will come forthwith to our aid. Now ride—ride for thy life, and God speed thee. The horseman dashes ofi’ and disappears through the greenery. Meanwhile the Lenni Lenape set fire to the fort, which is soon burned to the ground. A war dance and a wild chant of victory follow. An occasional musket shot from be hind the palisades. Sounds of wailing and cries from within. Finally a commotion is heard. A band of M inquas rushes in and attacks the Lenni Lenape. A furious battle ensues. The Dutch and M inquas vanquish the Lenni Lenape, who are driven from the field, dead and wounded being left upon the ground. The men of De Vries’ party sally from the ruins of the fort. SCENE II HISTORICAL NOTE A leading influence _in the organisation and _direction of the Dutch West India Company, William Usselinx, involved himself in disagreements with his associates and laid proposals for a new company before the great Gustavus Adolphus. As a result, the Swedish West India Company was formed in I624. Because of the King's con tinental wars the plans of the promoter rested for several years. In 1632 Gustavus Adolphus fell on the battlefield of Lutzen, leaving_the government in the hands of his little daughter Christina and his chancellor Oxenstierria. The company at length made its arrangements for the colonization of the lands which the Dutch company had been endeavoring to put to some use. Peter Minuit, who had been Director General of New Netherland at New Amsterdam from 1626 until I632, familiar with conditions on the North and South Rivers, was employed to head an expedition to America. He fitted up two ships, the Kalmar Nyckel (Key of Kalmar) and the Grip (Griffin). With soldiers, colonists, cattle, implements and provisions on board, they reached the South River after various adventures and delays early in 1638, The crews were half Swedish and half Dutch. The colonists, too, were divided in their national origin and fealty. The Dutch had by this time re-occupied Fort Nassau at or near the present Gloucester, N. J. They forbade the Swedes to ascend the river beyond this point. They protested against Swedish settlement at any place on either bank of the great river, within the boundaries of what they were pleased to call New Netherland. Minuit, however, entered Minquas Kill, renaming it Christina, known to this day as Christiana or Christeen Creek. When up about two and a half miles from its mouth he disembarked at “The Rocks” on the site of the present city of Wilmington, and built stockades which with solemn ceremony he christened Fort Christina. Here he planted his colony. In a few months he set sail for home by way of the West Indies, leaving about 25 soldiers and settlers behind him. The Words of the Pageant I9 CAST OF CHARACTERS PETER MINUIT, late of the Dutch West India Company, now director of the Swedish West India C0mpany’s expedition to the South River. MANS KLING, in command of the soldiery. HENDRICK HUYGEN, commissary. JAcon EVERTSSEN SANDELIN} . soldiers. ANDRES LUcAssEN JAN HENDRICKSEN, skipper on the Kalmar Nyckel. MICHEL SYMONSSEN, first mate. ANDRIAN JoRANsEN, skipper on the Grip. REv. REORUS TORKILLUS, the first preacher in New Sweden. JAN ]ANsEN, Govemor Kieft’s representative at Fort Nassau. MATTAHOON, Mitatsimint and other Indian chieftains. Soldiers, seamen and colonists from the two Swedish ships. Dutchmen on the staff of JAN JANSEN from Fort Nassau. CHORUS Now come to these shores the hardy Swedes; Here do they found their town of Christina, Planting the name of a Queen in the Western domain, Ready to fight for the right with the Hollander, Bringing the brawn of their race to the struggle with nature, Bringing their honest endeavor to build up a colony Strong and enduring. As the Chorus is chanting, the scene is changed to represent the settlement of Fort Christina. Meantime the firing of cannon is heard in the direction of the river. The Indians run down the bank and for a little time disappear from ‘view. They return laden with presents in token of further purchases of lands. The Swedes now march up the bank and plant posts 0-n which are the letters "C.R.S.” (Christina Regina Sueciae.) Torkillus preaches to the people briefly and bids them kneel. Jan Jansen and his men enter. _IANs1-:N.—In the name of Governor Kieft, the representative of their High Mightinesses of the States General of Holland, I protest against the planting of any foreign colony in New Netherland. This land is the property of the Dutch by fair purchase sealed with their blood. (Addressing Minuit) On you will fall the blame for all future mishaps, damages, losses, disturbances and bloodshed. Minuit maintains a polite but unyielding attitude, and the Dutch withdraw in the direction in which they came. M1NUIT.—Under the protection of the great princess, virgin and elected Queen of the Swedes, Goths and Wends, I christen this land New Sweden. Under the protection of her gracious majesty, I name this fort Christina. The Swedish arms are now placed upon the palisades and a Swedish flag is raised upon a pole inside the works. 20 The Historical Pageant SCENE III HISTORICAL NOTE The Swedes are scarcely seated under Dutch protest when English colonists arrive from New Haven. Their coming is of course unwelcome to both Dutch and Swedes. The English claims based upon early voyages covered the entire coast. Lord De la Warre was thought to have come into the bay, as was Samuel Argall, a later governor of Virginia. Possibly they may have done so. Anyhow, the Virginians and later the English everywhere attached De la Warre’s name to the bay and the river flowing into it. Casual and intermittent efforts had been made by English shipmasters to trade with the Indians and to found settlements, but the first important movement to this end was that directed by a so-called Delaware Company in which George Lamberton, Nathaniel Turner and others were interested persons. Like the Dutch and Swedes, they purchased lands from the Indians, at first on the east side of the Delaware at the Varkin's Kill and a little later on the river which the Dutch called the Schuylkill. Some twenty families of 60 persons—-traders and tobacco planters from New Haven— were brought into the river. The Swedish settlement at Fort Christina had been increased in April, I640, by the arrival of a second expedition under Peter Hollaridaer Ridder and by a third in November of that year under Ioost van Bogaert. Ridder on his side in behalf of the Swedes and Jansen still in command of Fort Nassau for the Dutgh, expelled the English on the Schuylkill and burnt their store house and dwellings in I 42. CAST OF CHARACTERS GEORGE LAMBERTON agents of the Delaware Company. NATHANIEL TURNER ROBERT COXWELL, planter and seaman. English colonists of both sexes, and a few Indians. Swedes under RIDDER and VAN Bocamrr. Dutch under JANSEN. The scene shows Lamberton’s blockhouse on the Schuylkill. While the Eng lish are at work on the surrounding lands, Ridder and van Bogaert appear with a party of Swedes from Fort Christina. VAN BoGAERr.—What is that standard there, right worthy Governor? Rmm-;R.—That is an English ensign, as I’m alive. VAN BOGAI-2RT.—-And here, beside this fine stream that empties itself into the great river like a flagon of wine down the throat of a Dutchman. Rmr>ER.—In truth. They call it in their own tongue the Schuylkill, because a dunderhead of a Dutch seaman passed it by without seeing its mouth. What say you, van Bogaert, to English neighbors? By this time Lamberton and other Englishmen have come out to meet the Swedish party, which delivers its protest in the name of their queen. Ian Jansen, leading a Dutch party, is seen to approach. He is surprised to find the Swedes on the ground but also protests. LAMBERTON.-—Tl‘liS river is the Delaware. ]ANsEN.—This is the Zuydt River. RIDDER.——Tl'1is land is New Sweden. Tm: Encusn (shouting angrily ).—Indeed it is not! This is New Albion! Jansen AND HIS MEN.—N€W Netherland! The Words of the Pageant 21 The Dutch and Swedes agree together to expel the English, and drive a, pitiful cavolcade without resistance into the wood. They then set fire to the blockhouse. But the union is not for long. Some one shouts “New Sweden!" Another shouts "New Netherland 1” and with these words often repeated, they disappear from the field in opposite directions. Some Indians who have been wit nessing the scene from the brush now come forward in great glee at the prospect of conflict between the different groups of white invaders. SCENE IV HISTORICAL NOTE Dutch and Swedes continued their mutual claims upon the river. The Swedes strengthened their position in 1643 when they sent out a new governor, Johan Printz, a cavalry otTicer—a good soldier, a tactful diplomat, and with it all an ostentatious, anumber rich and of a Swedish successful soldiers colonial accompanied adventurer. him, His and wife he and at once children began and a a campaignlfor considerable the extension of the sphere of Swedish influence on the Delaware. Two vessels made up his expedition, the Fama and the Swan, which reached the Delaware in January, 1643. Fort Christina was too far removed from the Delaware to be useful in the control of the navigation of the river, and almost immediately the construction of a new fort was begun at a point well south of Christina on the east side of the river. This work was called New Elfsborg. Printz himself pressed up the river toward the Schuylkill and built a fine residence called Printz Hall on Tinicum Island. Here he lived in a good deal of splendor, considering the restrictions of the time. The Dutch looked on anxiously, but there were Dutch settlers in New Sweden and some Swedes doubtless in New Netherland. Both were in dread of the English whose intermittent incursions continued. The Dutch opposition ended with protest but other days approached. In I645 Andries Hudde superseded Jan Jansen as commissary at Fort Nassau (Gloucester) beyond which no Swedish boat might go without being fired upon. In I647 Governor Kieft’s place at New Amsterdam was taken by a vigorous administrator, Peter Stuy vesant. Disturbed by what Printz had done on the South River, particularly in lock ing up the Schuylkill, the Dutch in 1648 built a fort on the north side of the Schuylkill near its mouth, called Fort Beversreede, because its object was to control the beaver trade on that river. Printz erected a block house directly in front of the new fort with a view to rendering it useless. His course was so insistent that it was to be borne no longer, and in 1651 the Dutch came around from New Amsterdam in force and constructed a fort on the west side of the river below Christina and north of the stockade at Elfsborg. They named it Fort Casimir, and they transferred to this place the garrison and the cannon which had defended Fort Nassau. Meantime, Printz had appealed again and again, but always vainly, to the Swedish government for reinforce ments. Unable to be of further use, as he believed, he departed the colony after an administration of ten years, in I653, taking a number of colonists with him. He left New Sweden in charge of his son-in-law Johan Papegoja. After the party had gone and some deserters to other colonies had been subtracted from the population, it is estimated that only about seventy souls remained in New Sweden. The number was soon increased by a couple of hundred upon the arrival of a new governor, John Classon Rising. His policy was militant. Coming up before Fort Casimir he demanded its surrender, which was soon effected, on Trinity Sunday, I654, for which reason its name was changed to Fort Trefaldighet (Fort Trinity). Stuyvesant immediately made arrangements to avenge the high-handed act and in 1655 returned to the Delaware with a fleet of sufficient size to retake Fort Casimir and advance upon Fort Christina, which also fell. The Dutch were now supreme upon the Delaware and remained so until the conquest of New Netherland by the English in 1664. 3 22 The Historical Pageant CAST OF CHARACTERS In Arriving Party: J01-IAN PRINTZ, the Swedish Governor, an immense man whom the Indians called “the big tub” (De Vries said that he weighed over 400 pounds—“over de vierhundret pondt woeg”). MADAME PRINTZ, the Governor’s wife, who was Maria von Linnestau. ARMEGQT PRINTZ, later Madame Papegoja CATHERINE PRINTz CIIR1sTINA PRINTz daughters of the Governor. ELsA PRINTZ GUNILLA PRINTZ GUSTAF PRINTZ, the Governor's son. CAPTAIN SvEN SKUTE, first in command under Printz. RI-:v. ]oHN CAMPANIUS (Holm.) Printz's chaplain. GREcoRIus vAN Dvcx. Other Swedish oflicers. In Receiving Party: GovERNoR PETER HOLLENDER RIDDER. LIEUTENANT MANs KLING. Joosr vAN LANcnoNx, Commissary. JQRAN OLssoN, Provost Marshal. REV. REoRus ToRI Pnm'rz.—VVhat’s he that comes yonder without the invitation of the royal gov ernor of New Sweden? Rmnmz.-They are Dutchmen, your excellency, and they may, methinks, come hither on no good errand. ’Tis well for them to see this goodly company of well-armed men. PR1N'rz.—(To Hudde, who leads) What would you here in the midst of our thanksgiving? Do you come as true subjects of her Royal Majesty and honest colonists? HUDDE.—(Cravenly, ordering his flag to be furled) We come to give you wel come and to ask your aid against the English. PR1N'rz.—(Haughtily) Then you may go. For my aid is for neither Dutch nor Englishmen. The Dutch withdraw in no good humor. Some of the Swedish colonists follow them and there is scufiiing with their rear guard as they again imfurl their flag and retire through the wood. Print: and his party now pass off the field Some of the Swedes return and meet an advancing party of Dutchmen under Sir Peter Stuyvesant, Governor of New N etherland. A general engagement, in which the Indians have a part, follows. Wailing music is heard as all the characters pass ofi the field. Suddenly the Chorus bursts into triuniphal harmonies, alternated with the minor chords of the S emi-C horus. CHORUS Farewell to the era of terrible conflict! All hail to the spirit of peace that approaches! I SEMI-CHORUS (Remembrance) Alas! The blood—the sacrifice. Alas! The fear. 11 SEMI-CHORUS (Aspiration) He comes the bearer of a message fair, Sent by the Prince of Peace. I SEMI-CHORUS (Remembrance) See how the field lies sodden with the dead. II SEMI-CHORUS (Aspiration) From this sad sowing shall there yet arise A harvest of great deeds. 24 The Historical Pageant EPISODE I SCENE I HISTORICAL NOTE William Penn, the son of an English admiral, Sir William Penn, was born in X644. Much against his father-’s will he early embraced the religion of George Fox, and became a Quaker, suffering the social ostracism and the legal persecutions which were the portion of this sect and of adherents of other dissenting faiths under the Stuarts. Penn's father died in 1670. A considerable sum was due him from the crown in loans and arrears of pay in the naval service of the kingdom. The son had in view the founding of an asylum for his fellow-Quakers and to further this object at length agreed with Charles II and his brother the Duke of York, afterward James II, to take a tract of wild American land in liquidation of the debt. For obligations in the sum of £16,000 he was given a piece of country beyond the seas “lying north from Mary land—bounded on the east by the Delaware River, on the west limited as Maryland and northward to extend as far as plantable,” containing when its bounds were further defined over 40,000 square miles, an area therefore greater than Ireland and almost as great as that of England itself, The charter was signed at Westminster on March 4, 1681. The king christened the country Pennsylvania, that is, “the sylvan land of Penn,” but not without protest from the new proprietor, who became reconciled to the name only because the prefix “pen” signified in the Welsh language a headland. Pennsylvania might mean then “the high or head woodlands.” He early planned “a capital city," a “great town.” It was to be a “greene country town which will never be burnt and always wholesome." He resolved that it should be called Philadelphia, no doubt suggested by passages in Revelation which refer to Philadelphia in the province of Lydia in Asia Minor. The place was the seat of an early Christian con gregation and the name signifies brotherly or sisterly love. Soon after he had received his charter, Penn sent his cousin, William Markham, to his colony to prepare it for settlement. A temporary capital was established at Upland (Chester) and three com missioners, and later Thomas Holme, a surveyor, were despatched to plat Philadelphia, and the surrounding country. Penn himself arranged to follow in the autumn of I682. He embarked at Deal with about one hundred companions, mostly Quakers, in the Welcome, a ship of 300 tons burden. It came inside the Delaware Capes, the ship’s list much decimated by small pox, on October 24, I682, and five days later was riding at anchor before Upland. Well founded tradition has it that Penn with several asso ciates came up the Delaware and landed at the Blue Anchor Inn at Dock Creek, that is at the foot of the present Dock Street, early in November. Here he met some of the settlers who were already on the ground, the Swedes resident in Wicaco, and many Indians with whom, legend informs us, he played like a boy. He at once or a little later gave them presents in propitiation and friendship_aud concluded treaties, one of w_hicl_1 tradition locates upon the ground under an elm in Shackamaxon, which is now Kensmgton. CAST OF CHARACTERS In Landing Party . WILLIAM PENN. CAPTAIN WILLIAM MARKHAM, his cousin, who met him at Upland. ROBERT WADE, of Upland. DR. THoMAs WYNNE, the Welsh Quaker physician, who accompanied Penn on the Welcome. Ten or twelve other passengers of the Welcome, including DAVID OGDEN, Nrcnoms WAI.N, THOMAS FITZWATER and join: FISHER. <.=F.*-.‘-»'-‘.5cI§ff . JV .. I __ -""¢.‘r*\‘-'1-¢;1"|‘~""*'»"'-Y ~ J ‘x. \§/§'. MEMBERS OF THE WOMEN'S COMMITTEE 1 Mrs. Sara Louisa Oberholtzer (Ph0tr)graph by Haeseler) 2 Miss A. Margaretta Archambault (Photograph by Marceau) 3 Countess of Santa Eulalia 4 Mrs. Amelia Mott Gummere 5 Mrs. Francis Howard Williams r .. if was .» ... ..e,..s..._.@ T .»\..~.- w ..»>.. . . 4 t .3. .. ..-. . a » L... sq . ¢*»|~ . .f..». 9 1.. t» -1. The W ords of the Pageant 25 In Receiving Party: THOMAS HOLME, the surveyor-general of Pennsylvania. _IoIIN BEZAR NATHANIEL ALLEN Commissioners. WILLIAM HAIGE CAPTAIN WILLIAM DARE, “mine host” at the Blue Anchor Inn. THOMAS FAIRMAN, of Shackamaxon. DANIEL PEGG, whose farm lay on the banks of Cohoquinoque or Pegg’s Run. WILLIAM WARNER, who lived west of the Schuylkill, from Blockley, England, a name which he gave to the township in which he made his new home. ]onN MIFFLIN and his son ]orIN, founders of the Mifiiin family in America, who were early on the ground. ]oHN DRINKER, the “first-born” and his parents. He lived to be I02 years of age, or until I783. Franklin, when asked in England to what age men lived in America replied that he could not tell “until old Drinker died." Rev. ]AcoB FABRITIUS, of the Swedish Church of Wicaco, of whom Whittier wrote, “from Finland’s birchen groves exiled Manly in thought, in simple ways a child, His white hair floating round his visage mild." Other Swedes from Wicaco, frontier adventurers from the caves on the river bank, sailors and Indians. The arena represents the meadow lands at the mouth of Dock Creek around the Blue Anchor Inn, ozvzrlooking the tall forest trees of Coquanoc, the Indian name for what came to be Philadelphia. CHORUS Across the space of storied years, Through all the purpling mists of Time, A voice is wafted to our ears, A figure in the invigored prime Of noble manhood meets our gaze, As back our longing eyes are turned To find, within the vanished days, The heights where F reedom’s beacon burned. And these, like benedictions, rest Upon our lives, a dower divine, A heritage benignly blest; Great Founder! Voice and form are thine. We see thee, as, like one apart— Quaker and soldier aptly blent— Of truth of soul and strength of heart Thou stoodst the fair embodiment. 26 The Historical Pageant We hear thee as thy message fell— The evangel of a. holier creed— More lofty than the organ’s swell, More potent than the conqueror’s deed. Like Him who brought the heavenly dower Of peace on earth, good will towards men, Thou camest on savage heads to shower A blessing, O immortal Penn! t _ Thine was the blood of truest dye ~ ‘- That scoffed at Fortune's cap and bells, The soul that could not stoop to lie Nor soil the house where honor dwells. Thine, only thine, the faith to keep The pathway that the Master trod, Remembering that, tho’ justice sleep, Her head rests in the lap of God. N0 city’s sumptuous portals reared Shall dull our hearts, no greatness drown Remembrance of the love which cheered The toil of thy green country town. And round thy memory we were fain To weave a wreath of flowers fair, From every hill and every plain Kissed by the tides of Delaware. As the Chorus finishes, figures are seen landing from o pinnace, and coming ' up through the greenery. William Penn is in the lead, accompanied by William Markham, Robert Wade, Thomas W yrme and others. As they advance, Holme, the commissioners, Fairmon, Warner, Pegg, Fabritius and the others go forward. The Indians look on at the scene. PENN.—(After surveying the scene, addressing Markham) Thou hast done well, Cousin Markham. Thou hast chosen a right excellent site for our greene country town as I bade thee do. HOLMI-:.—Beyond there where thou seest that great tree is the High Street and going out its length thou wilt come to the Broad Street. PENN.-—All is well. ’Tis fair and seemly ground for my capital city. You all have served me to my good satisfaction. Ah (in surprise and delight as he sees John Drinker, a babe in the arms of its mother) a child here in my wilderness? MARKHAM.——In sooth, Cousin William. Born on this ground in yonder cabin rising two years since. Landing WilliamPennBlueAnchorInnatthe StudyEpisodeI,ColorScenefor1 ByStephens CharlesH. I‘ ill I The Words of the Pageant 27 P!—:NN.—May God give thee his blessing, my young Pennsylvanian. Love thy mother who will breed thee up dutiful to the Lord. (Fabritius and some Swedes appear, their hats in their hands.) PENN.—(To Fabritius) Thou mayest put on thy hat good man. I am come to be one of you, not to rule as a lord over you. To the natives, too, whose dark skins hide good hearts, I come as a friend. What canst thou and I do here, Thomas (addressing Dr. Thomas Wynne, his companion on the Welcome) to show forth our good disposition toward these people? WYNNE.—I wot not, William. They seem scarce in our image. Mayhap God tried us sore of pestilence on our way hither but to prove our souls and fit us better for the making of thy holy experiment. PENN.—Tl10m3.S, thou’rt as good a preacher as thou’rt a skilful leech. Penn mingles with the Indians, sitting down on the ground beside them, leaping with them in play, aiming an arrow from one of their bows, giving them a sash which he takes from his person and sending for gifts, which are brought in chests. They are soon filled with delight. The Indians go out and bring in skins and corn. They call Penn "Onas.” An interpreter appears. PENN.—(To interpreter.) Tell them that I know no religion that destroys cour tesy, civility and kindness. I have come to put an end to enmity and dis pute. My policy shall be openness and love and peace. The Indians hear what is translated and communicated to them in their own tongue with marks of approval. Tm-: INTI-ZRPRETER.—They say, “We will live in peace with Onas and his children so long as the sun and moon endure.” The Indians with great noise “say Amen in their way." PENN.—(T0 those grouped around him.) My dear friends, God hath given me this new land in the face of the world. He will bless and make it the seed of a nation. They move off, the Indians in one direction, the English and Swedes in another. 28 The Historical Pageant SCENE II HISTORICAL NOTE William Penn returned to England in I684 and he was not destined to revisit his colony on the Delaware for fifteen years. Meanwhile much had happened to him personally as well as to England. The pleasure-loving Charles II had died to make way for his brother the Duke of York, who ascended the throne as James II. His infamies, which Macaulay so graphically describes, led to the Revolution of I688 and the accession of William and Mary. Mary died in I694 and William III would rule alone until his death in 1702, to be followed by her sister Anne. Penn's wife, the beloved Gulielma Maria Springett, died in I694 and his favorite son Springett at the threshold of young manhood followed his mother to the grave in 1696. In that year Penn contracted a second marriage, his choice this time falling upon the daughter of a Quaker merchant in Bristol, Hannah Callowhill. In I699 when he again set out for his colony she and his daughter by his first wife, Letitia or “Tishe," as he affectionately called her, accompanied him. He came before Philadelphia in his ship the “Canterbury” on December 3, I699, and the “greene country towne” and his estate on the Delaware, Pennsbury, which had been fitted up for him in his absence, were to be his home for nearly two years. His departure was taken in November, I701, and he was destined never to return to his province. In the more than fifteen years which had elapsed since his first visit many of the supports and pillars of the colony had been removed by death. Others had come forward to take their places. Philadelphia may have had a population of 3000 or 4000. It boasted of shops and inns, a brew house or two, brick-kilns, rope-walks and a few other industries. Some commodious homes had been erected near the river side, but the houses for the most part were wooden cabins. The Quaker element predominated but a group of men faithful to the Church of England had gathered here and made themselves quite hostile to Penn and the Friends. The Welsh, some of whom had come with Penn in the Welcome, increased in number. Many families from Wales had settled in the so-called “Welsh Tract" beyond the Schuylkill, in Merion, Radnor and Haverford, and pressed on into Chester county. German sectarians had begun to arrive. The first of these to enter the colony reached Pennsylvania under Pastorius while Penn was here during his first visit, and settled in Germantown: this was the beginning of a strong tide of immigration from German , which reached proportions alarming to the English element in the first half of the eighteenth century. A number of odd German mystics under John Kelpius had established a community on the “Ridge” in the dark fastnesses of the Wissahickon. The Scotch Irish who were destined to come in such numbers at a somewhat later date to people the frontier counties were already seen in the city. In short, Pennsylvania had come to f_ulfill its founder’s purpose: it was a haven for the oppressed in conscience of many national roots. Before his departure in I701 Penn gave the colony a new charter of privileges and the city a charter for its government, both of which continued in force until the Revolutionary War. CAST OF CHARACTERS WILLIAM PENN. HANNAH CALDOWHILL PENN, his wife. LEr1r1A PENN, his daughter. ANDREW HAMILTON, the new Governor. W1LL1Aiu MARKHAM, now Colonel Markham, several times Deputy Governor. JAMES LOGAN, a young Irishman who came with Penn on his second visit and remained here to represent the Penn interests faithfully until his death. EDWARD SHIPPEN, Councillor and Mayor. SAMUEL CARPENTER, Councillor and merchant. (“The Stephen Girard of his day in wealth and the William Sansom in the improvements he suggested and the edifices which he built.”—-Watson) THOMAS Sronv, Councillor and City Recorder. Costume Study For British Drummer 40th Regiment By Charles M. Lefferts The W ords of the Pageant 29 PHINEAS PEMBERTON GRIFFITH OWEN } The scene is the wide and grassy space used as a market place at Second and High Streets. CHORUS The law of love doth work its perfect will: The savage breast beneath its touch grows still, And to the brawls of Hollander and Swede The “Quaker King’s” mild order shall succeed, And peace and justice shall the measure fill, Translating promise to immortal deed And founding empire in simplicity. 30 The Historical Pageant The Scene opens with the arrival of the Welsh to Welsh music. These are followed by the Germans and the Swedish people in groups. Indians enter and join the crowd. The English citizenry then make their appearance on the scene, and following them come Penn, his wife and daughter, Logan and a retinue, all mounted. Their “creatures” are hitched to trees or held by boys and young men on the outskirts of the crowd which has gathered to witness the pub lication of the charter of privileges of the colony and the city charter. PENN.-(To Logan) I have had the wish to see the great charter of the prov ince published ere I go home. I bid thee draw the people around us, Iames. (The groups draw near and mingle.) PI:NN.—(To the multitude) My wish that Pennsylvania should be an asylum for the stricken by God’s blessing is being fulfilled. I hereby grant you, my people, a new frame of government which I am hopeful will be for your well-being. Some religions persecute, mine forgives. Whoever is in the wrong, those who use force in religion can never be in the right. There fore, I, William Penn, proprietary and govemor of the province of Penn sylvania, by virtue of the King’s letters patent, again confirm my grant to you all of freedom of conscience as to your religious profession and wor ship under one Almighty God——the Creator, Upholder and Ruler of the world. The councillors draw near and receive the parchment. PENN (continuing) .-To you who are of my dear Philadelphia, I grant further this charter for your government. Your town and borough shall be a city. Virgin settlement of this province, named before thou wert born, what love, what care, what service and what travail has there been to bring thee forth and preserve thee from such as would abuse and defile thee. O! that thou mayst be kept from the evil that would overwhelm thee; that, faithful to the God of thy mercies in the life of righteousness, thou mayst be preserved to the end. The Mayor and Aldermen receive the scroll representing the City Charter. CHORUS Justice and Mercy and Love: Love of each man for his brother, Philos-Adelphos, fit motto of them who establish Here on the banks of the swift-flowing rivers -* Deep the foundations of Penn’s noble city. .s.i The Words of the Pageant 31 I SEMI-CHORUS (Remembrance) Dim in the mystical past, in far Lydia, Men reared the walls of a wonderful city ; Weaving their motto of Philos-Adelphos into their covenant,— Naming the work of their hands Philadelphia, Philos-Adelphos,—brotherly love. 11 SEMI-CHORUS (Aspiration) Philos-Adelphos,—a phrase of the ages, Now in this western dominion renascent. Here on the banks of the Delaware born again Into a grandeur which through coming centuries Swiftly shall dwarf all the dreams of fair Lydia Fair Philadelphia—city of Penn. CHORUS Behold a city where a forest stood, Behold the reign of Equity begun, Farewell the Founder of a Mighty state And hail an empire based on Equity. 32 The Historical Pageant EPISODE II HISTORICAL NOTE The differences between England and her American Colonies reached an angry stage in I765 when the Stamp Act was passed, and she asserted the right of taxing them for her support. Benjamin Franklin had gone abroad to represent the province in London in I757. He returned in I762 but went out again as the colonial agent in I764 to remain away for ten years. He was appealed to on the subject of the Stamp Act, but his protests were unavailing. The Philadelphians when the stamp paper arrived refused to permit it to be landed or sold. The merchants signed the “Non Importation Resolutions,” pledging themselves not to trade with Great Britain until the ofiensive law should be repealed, as it was in the following year. In I767, however, the ministry reasserted its right to make levies upon the colonists in a law relating to‘ paper, g ass, tea, etc. The duties on these articles with the exception of tea, were abolished in I770 but without mollifying the public resentment. The people resolved to use no tea. At length in I773 the East India Company was authorized to send a number of cargoes to America. Town meetings were held to declare that they should not be received. It was announced in October that the Polly, Captain Ayres, would bring the tea to Philadelphia. It was principally consigned to two solid Quaker firm_s, Thomas and Isaac Wharton and James and Drinker, who were asked to resign their ofiices as the stamp master had been, and promptly did so. Captain Ayres was threatened with tar and feathers by a mob. In the midst of the excitement an express arrived to announce that in Boston the tea had been thrown into the harbor. At last the “Polly” entered the Delaware. A committee went out to meet the Captain and he was brought up to the city. He was told that he must send his ship down the river on the next tide. He himself might remain in town until the next day, but only for the purpose of replenishing his stores for the return voyage to England. When he had learned of the temper of the people he complied with the best grace he could command, and quiet returned for a little while to the city and the colony. CAST OF CHARACTERS TIIoMAs WILLING ]oIIN DICKINSON DR. BENJAMIN Rosa ROBERT Momus WILLIAM BRADFORD THOMAS MIFFLIN CHARLES THOMSON Citizens. Paovosr WILLIAM SMITH GEQRGE CLYMER JOSEPH REED SAMUEL PowEL ]oHN N1x0N THoMAs F ITzs1MMoNs ELIZABETH DRINKER. LYDIA DARRAGH. MARY PEMBERTON. MARTHA JAMES. MARGARET MORRIS. REBECCA ]AMEs, a young girl. TIIoMAs WHARTON. Herald of the Knights of the Blended Rose Meschianza Scene Prize Drawing by Miss E. Babcock Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts The Words of the Pageant 33 ABEL JAMEs. DEBQRAH FRANKLIN. SARAH FRANKLIN BAcHE. CAPTAIN AYRES, of the tea ship Polly. PICKLE HERRING, a clown, and other Fair Day characters. A crowd numbering about 300 persons. CHORUS Behold! the sun is mounting to his noon: The city grows apace; Yet Peace begins to pale and all too soon Shall veil her radiant face,— Shall veil for weary years her radiant face. The arena represents the market place at the time of the Autumn Foir— October, I773. A pack train and some cows with bells are seen. In the fore ground Fair-day stalls and a mob which comes in in parties from both sides ofi the field, and in which may be seen types of citi::ens both rich and poor:—-beaux and belles on horseback; German country girls on horses with panniers; Indians dancing and capering; paupers, Fa/ir-day characters, a clown (Pickle Herring, well known at the time in the colonies), gingerbread men, piemen, Punch-and Judy showmen, some British soldiers of the Royal Irish Regiment (18th) from the Barracks, Quakers, etc. CHARLEs THoMsoN.—(To Bradford ) It seems that our Dr. Franklin is making but little progress in regard to our weighty matters in England. BRAD!-‘0RD.—FI'0m the news I had but now at the Cofiee House, I well believe that his success hath been but middling. RUsH.—Thou meanest about the detestable tea scheme. The drink made from that East Indian weed is assuredly now not often seen in this part of the King’s dominion. I commend to my patients, mother of thyme with a little hyssop or some peppermint and yarrow. They brew as well. “Tea, how I tremble at the baneful name. Like Lethe fatal to the love of fame." MORRIS ( coming up) .—The afiair is no subject for jest and it's like to come to a bitter end. I hear the ministry hath allowed the East India Company to despatch several cargoes of tea hither on which the tax is to be paid. THoMsoN.—That it will not be if my ears make correct report. MIFFLIN.—Wh3t hast thou heard? THoMs0N.—That the tea is to be sent back to England whence it comes. It shall get no landing here. The Whartons and Abel James have promised not to receive it. The Delaware pilots are threatened if they bring up the ship. D1cI MORRIS.—It is not to be thought on. The resolutions passed at the meeting in the State House yard were definite enough. The action of the ministry is a violent attack upon the liberties of America. PICKLE HERRING (with a shrub labeled “Tea” which he sets down and addresses) .—Thou accursed China herb! “How might we blush if our sires could see Our rights invaded by this shrub Bohea.” Bohea tea! see! A party of sailors come rollicking along, one or two seeming slightly tipsy. They shout "We never drink tea," and sing as they pass on: “Here’s to the wind that blows To the ship that goes, And to the lass that loves a sailor.” A citizen in a chaise draws near and calls for more toasts. He suggests one: “May Great Britain always be just and America always be free.” (Loud Huzzas.) A SAILOR ( tipsy ).—Liberty to mankind! (All laugh) A CI"rIzI-:N.—Here’s to Paoli! May the glorious spirit of Corsica animate America to the latest posterity. Abel James, one of the Quaker merchants to whom the tea is consigned, becomes the center of interest in the crowd. He promises that he will not receive his part of the cargo and offers his little daughter standing on a hogshead as a pledge of his good faith. There is a commotion in the crowd at right, as an Express comes in breathless. ExPREss.—Hear ye all! Captain Ayres in the teaship Polly hath just cast anchor in the Delaware! Great excitement among the people. A VoIcE.-—We’ll tar and feather him and funnel his rotten tea down his throat. MANY VoIcEs.—Ay, ay! And the quicker the better. VoIcEs.——Tar and feathers! Tar and feathers! A kettle of tar and an old feather bed are brought on the scene, and a pro cession is formed marching to the music of a fife. DICKINSON. (coming up hastily) Peace! Peace! Let us act orderly that our cause be not jeopardized. I pray ye use no violence. VoIcEs.—Here he comes! Here he comes! Let’s teach the villain a lesson! DIcI Marie Antoinette Costume Study by Miss M. A. Schuetze The Words of the Pageant 35 A mob which is formed carrying a large sign rudely painted, "No taxation without representation,” sings: “Captain once more hoist your streamers Spread your'sails and plow the wave! Tell your masters they were dreamers, When they thought to cheat the Brave.” The crowd again surges out, the British troops being somewhat hustled but preserving good temper. The roistering sailors pass across the arena singing: “Here’s to the wind that blows, To the ship that goes, And to the lass that loves a sailor." As the crowd moves from the field, the Chorus sings a song of the time in Philadelphia, written by John Dickinson and sung to the time of "Hearts of Oak.” “Our worthy forefathers, let’s give them a cheer, To climates unknown did courageously steer, Through oceans and deserts for freedom they came And dying bequeathed us their freedom and fame. Cnoaus “In freedom we’re born And in freedom we’ll live. Our purses are ready, Steady, friends, steady! Not as slaves but as freemen Our money we’ll give. “The tree their own hands had to Liberty reared They lived to behold growing strong and rever’d; With transport they cried, ‘Now our wishes we gain, For our children shall gather the fruits of our pain.’ Cnoiws “In freedom, etc. “Then join hand in hand, brave Americans all. By uniting we stand, by dividing we fall. In so righteous a cause let us hope to succeed, For Heaven approves of each generous deed. CHORUS “In freedom, etc. “All ages shall speak with amaze and applause Of the courage we'll show in support of our laws. To die we can bear, but to serve we disdain, For shame is to freemen more dreadful than pain.” Cnonus “In freedom, etc. 36 The Historical Pageant EPISODE III SCENE I HISTORICAL NOTE Events moved on apace. As a punishment for the destruction of the tea in the harbor at Boston, the port was declared to be closed to commerce. Warships were at hand to enforce the law. This act aroused the resentment of the other colonies. A Continental Congress convened in Carpenters’ Hall in Philadelphia in September, I774. On April 24 an express arrived announcing the Battle of Lexington. The people were aflame. Franklin came home from England on May 6, I775, and a few days later the delegates to the second Continental Congress reached the city. The Virginians and other Southern delegates, George Vllashington among them, came on May 9, and the Eastern delegates, led b John Hancock, John Adams and Samuel Adams of the province of Massachusetts ay, on whose soil the first blood had been shed, were welcomed on the following day, May I0. Companies of militiamen, or Associators as they were called, marched out to receive both cavalcades and escort them into the city. CAST OF CHARACTERS Southern Delegates: CoLoNI-:I. GEORGE WASHINGTON PATRICK HENRY RICHARD HENRY LEE EDMUND PENDLETON of Virginia. BENJAMIN HARRISON RICHARD BLAND PEYTON RANDOLPH Some Maryland and Carolina Delegates. Caesar: RODNEY GEORGE READ of Delaware. THOMAS McK1-:AN Eastern Delegates: ]oIIN HANCOCK THOMAS Cusnmc JOHN ADAMS of Massachusetts Bay. SAMUEL ADAMS Roman-r TREAT PAIN!-I Other delegates from New England, New York and New Jersey. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN. THOMAS PAINE. Ros-ear MORRIS. James WII.soN. Gooacs CLYMER. Brxrsv Ross. Gentleman of the French Court Costume Study by Miss M. A. Schuetze The Words of the Pageant 37 LYDIA DARR.-\GH. J01-IN DICKINSON DANIEL ROBERDEAU Militia Colonels. ]o11N CADWALADER Irregular bodies of Associators, with music. A mob of citizens. The arena represents the commons west of the town in May, I775. A great crowd of excited people. Recruiting sergeants at tables enrolling volunteers. John Dickinson, Daniel Roberdeau and John Cadwalader, as Colonels, organizing their several commands. Benjamin Franklin enters, escorted by Thomas Paine, Robert Morris, James Wilson, George Clymer and other Pennsylvanians. Two cavalcades appear, escorting the delegates. The first comes from the South, the second from New England. Enter with the Southern group, George Washington, Peyton Randolph, Patrick Henry, Richard Henry Lee and others. They are escorted by the new city militia oflicers, by citizens on horseback and by bodies of Associators. Enter with the New England group, John Hancock and Samuel Adams in a phaeton and pair, John Adams and Thomas Cushing in a one-horse chaise, and others similarly escorted with music, moving at o “slow and solemn pace.” All proceed to the front of the field, while bells are heard chiming from among the trees. The scene is animated plainly evidencing the excite ment of a coming struggle. Marked attention is shown the delegates from M as sachusetts, the opening ground of the war. They are loudly acclaimed. There is an impressive meeting between the New Englanders and Franklin, who, when the cavalcade reaches him, becomes the centre of attention. 1'-‘R.-u~1I Washington acknowledges the salutation by bowing in a dignified way. Franklin now comes forward and is again the centre of the scene, while the Chorus sings CHORUS To-day we look upon the studious men Who from the Junto grew to stature tall In philosophic thought, and once again Across the years the name of Franklin call. 38 The Historical Pageant I SEMI-CHORUS (Remembrance) Back to the yesterdays we turn; once more Turn from sweet Peace, with smiling summer eyes, To meet the darkling frown of horrid War, Hateful amid his scarlet panoplies. Thro’ the dim twilight comes the roll Of Braddock’s drums, while, faint and clear, The fife’s high treble falls; And marching feet press towards the goal, The inhospitable frontier, And lo! we find commanding here Him who to duty’s calls Is never deaf,-—the valiant soul, The heart which naught appals,— The soldier and the seer. II SEMI-CHORUS (Aspiration) While freernen fight that still they may be free, Hurling defiance back to arrogance, The brain of Franklin still shall find the key To unlock the heart of France. He with persuasive voice and facile pen Shall plead the virtues of his country's cause, Winning with eloquence. Battles more fraught with consequence than when Sword meets with bloody sword and patriots pause For swift attack or obstinate defense. CHORUS Back to the city of their love, where Penn, Proclaiming full release From fetters of the conscience, had begun Man's noblest struggle for the rights of men,— Resplendent in the light of great deeds done, Shall come the fairest fruitage of sweet Peace, Franklin the seer,—the patriot VVashington. As the Chorus concludes, the crowd passes oh‘ and clears the field which is prepared for the next scene. l. 2: it Knapsack Drawing for a British Uniform By Charles ffoulkes Ist Foot Guards Private (After Dayes) The Words of the Pageant 39 SCENE II HISTORICAL NOTE The Congress was in session constantly in the last months of I775 and in I776. On June 7, I776, Richard Henry Lee, of_ Virginia, in obedience to instructions from his colony, offered the following resolutions: “Resolved that these united colonies are and of right ought to be free and inde pendent states; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown and that all political connection between them and the state of Great Britain is and ought to be totally dissolved.” On June II, a committee of five members, consisting of Thomas Jefferson of Vir ginia, John Adams of Massachusetts, Benjamin Franklin of Pennsylvania, Roger Sherman of Connecticut and R. R. Livingston of New York, was appointed to frame a Declaration of Independence. On July 2, Lee’s motion was adopted, and that day, it was believed by John Adams, would be “celebrated by succeeding generations as the great anniversary festival commemorated as the day of deliverance by solemn acts of devotion to God Almighty from one end of the continent to the other, from this time forward forevermore.” The language of the Declaration was now discussed by the Congress. It was approved on July 4, which soon became the day for popular anniversary observances. On July 8 the Declaration was read by John Nixon from the observatory in the State House Yard, and the bells were rung. CAST OF CHARACTERS JoHN NIxoN. THoMAs JEI=EERsoN , BENJAMIN FRANKLIN JoHN AoAMs Committee on the Declaration. ROGER SHERMAN R. R. LIVINGSTON Other members of the Congress. IsAAc HUNT (father of Leigh Hunt). BETsY Ross. LYDIA DARRAGH. SARAH FRANKLIN BACHE. DEBORAH NoRRIs. SALLY WIsTER. PoLLY FISHBOURNE. A mob of citizens. Companies of Associators. The scene shows the State House Yard crowded with Colonials. Isaac Hunt ( a Tory) paraded in a cart to the music of "The Rogue’s March,” the crowd hoot ing. Hunt is made to stand up in the cart and express his “extreme pain and regret at having vilified Congress,” amid mingled jeers and cheers. A band of Associators enter with the King's arms, which they have ‘torn down in the State House and proceed to burn. From the platform, John N ixon, surrounded by members of Congress, is read iii g the Declaration of Independence, the multitude shouting applause. The 40 The Historical Pageant heads of three young Quaker misses, Debby Norris, Sally Wister and Polly Fish bourne, rise above the wall on Fifth Street surrounding the gardens of the Norris mansion. At the conclusion of the reading the State House bell is heard pealing forth “Liberty through all the land-~u»n-to all the inhabitants thereof.” Christ Church and other bells join in the celebration. The Philadelphia Associators composed of three battalions of infantry, under Colonels Dickinson, Roberdeau and Cadwalader, march in and are drawn up on dress parade. During their evolutions the Chorus sings: THE PENNSYLVANIA MARCH (Tune: “I winna marry any mon but Sandy o’er the lea.”) “We are the troops that ne’er will stoop To wretched slavery, Nor shall our seed by our base deed Despiséd vassals be. Freedom we will bequeath to them Or we will bravely die, Our greatest foe e’er long shall know How much did Sandwich* lie. “What! Can those British tyrants think Our fathers crossed the main And savage foes and dangers met To be enslaved again? If so they are mistaken much For we will rather die, And since they have become our foes Their forces we defy.” There is great enthusiasm. "Praise God from Whom All Blessings Flow” is sung by the Chorus supported by the band, the music being punctuated by the firing of cannon and the pealin-g of bells. *Lord Sandwich, who had said that the Americans would not fight. Drawing for a British Uniform By Charles ffoulkes 3d Foot Guards (Scots) Ofl-icer (After Dayes) The Words of the Pageant 41 EPISODE IV SCENE I HISTORICAL NOTE The advance of the British army upon Philadelphia, the capital of the Colonies, was feared late in 1776. Congress, the Pennsylvania Assembly and many families fled for safety. The operations of Washington's army around Trenton at Christmas time led to a feeling of reassurance in the city and those who had departed gradually returned. The alarm was renewed in August, I777, when it was announced that a large fleet had sailed from New York. Its destination was probably the Delaware River. Washington moved his positions restlessly and at last when it was clear that the ships had entered the Chesapeake instead of the Delaware and that the troops would be landed on the banks of the Elk River, he started on his way south. The ragged regiments passed through Philadelphia with twigs of green in their caps on August 24th, making the best appearance possible in order to create a favorable impression on the minds of the inhabitants. They met the British army which was commanded by Sir William Howe, on the field of Brandywine in Chester County, near the Maryland line, on September II, and were defeated. The noise of the guns was distinctly heard in Philadelphia and the people again sought safety in flight. Howe moved forward and on September 22d, he established his camp in Germantown. On September 26th, Cornwallis with a considerable body of troops came down the Second street road and entered Philadelphia. Washington meanwhile planned another battle. He had been manoeuvering at the Schuylkill fords. On October 4th, his scouts drove in the British outposts at Mount Airy, and Wayne, Sullivan and Conway pressed the troops into the village. They were soon in collision with the Tenth and Fortieth Regiments and the Second Battalion of Light Infantry. Lieutenant-Colonel Musgrave of the Fortieth Regiment in his flight placed a body of his men in “Cliveden," the fine stone country house of Chief justice Chew, and this became a critical point in the ensuing battle. A considerable part of the American forces passed on to engage other bodies of the British. More might well have done so. The fogs of October, the smoke of the guns and the misunderstanding among the American generals led at length to a precipitous retreat. Musgrave held his position against a siege of cannon, sharp musketry firing and incendiaries until he was relieved near the end of the engagement by General Grey. CAST OF CHARACTERS Americzms: GENERAL WASHINGTON. GENERAL WAYNE. GENERALS SULLIVAN, ARMSTRONG, CoNwAY, KNOX, MAXWELL, GREENE, REED, SMALLWOOD, MUHLENBERG, and others. CAPTAIN ALLAN MCLANE, with a party of his riders. Three or four hundred American troops of different commands. British: SIR Wu.uAM H0wE. GENERAL KNYPHAUSEN (“Old Knyp”). COLONEL l\IUSGRAVE, of the 4oth Regiment. GENERAI.s GREY, AGNEW, GRANT, MATHEW, etc. The Fortieth Regiment, the Second Light Infantry and other bodies of British soldiery. The Historical Pageant CHORUS We stand to-day upon the sacred soil Trodden of patriot feet when war’s alarms Flung their rude summons on the ears of toil From far across the brown and sunlit farms. I SEMI-CHORUS (Remembrance) Here stood pale Kelpius, fleeing from the stress Of this fair world’s alluring comradeships, Where the sad Woman-in-the-Wilderness Waited her radiant Lord’s apocalypse. Pastorius the learned and austere, Bringing his gift of tongues to quell each strife, And with his words of comfort oft to cheer The grim privations of a pilgrim’s life. So from the pages of the storied past We glean the lesson of work well begun, And as our lives a longer shadow cast, Learn deeper reverence for the men who won From hard inhospitable rocks the means To rear the hearthstones of our stalwart sires And plant a standard mid Earth’s shifting scenes And Life’s elusive and inconstant fires. II SEMI—CHORUS (Aspiration) And there shall come an echo on the air Of Musgrave’s volleys and the iron roar Of Conway’s guns pounding their answer there On window barred and barricaded door. And soon the roadways of the startled town, Shall gleam with bayonets glinting in the sun, And we shall hear the horsemen charging down, Obedient to the word of Washington. CHORUS And tho’ the mists of gathering years may blot Each scutcheon and each hallowed shrine profane, No noble word is ever quite forgot Nor any high ideal wrought out in vain. The Scene is set with the Chew House at one side of the field. Statues are disposed upon the lawn. A British Light Infantry sentry is seen in middle dis tance, walking back and forth. From the left, a relief party approaches the sen tinel, who halts. All retire at ”double time.” In middle distance now are seen The Words of the Pageant 43 Washington, Wayne and other American Generals advancing. They ride up and dismount for a conference near the front of the field. They mount again and retire rapidly to rear and out of sight. A body of British Light Infantry now appear and form in “open ortier." Wayne comes forward with his men. The battle begins by sounding the Light Infantry drum. Wayne keeps advancing and driving the British before him, his men shouting, “Have at the bloodhounds. Remember Pauli.” The F ortieth Regiment is brought forward to support the Light Infantry. General Howe rides up and shouts, "For shame Light Infantry. I never saw you retreat before.” But the retrcat continues. The Fortieth Regiment takes refuge in the Chew House. They close the shutters of the house on the first story and barricade the doors. The -red coats are seen at the upper-story windows. Some appear upon the roof. The Americans stop to survey the improvised fort and send out Lieutenant‘ Colonel Smith with a white flag, summoning the "garrison” to surrender. Smith is shot down and a general engagement is begun between the British at the win dows and the Americans disposed upon the lawn. A log is brought up and an effort is made to batter in the front door. The Chevalier Duplessis and‘ John: Laurens go for straw and attempt to set fire to the house. They are beaten back and return to the American lines. Some small guns are brought up for a bom bardment. The Fortieth Regiment in the house is relieved at length by the men from the S e'uenteenth and Forty-fourth Regiments under General Grey. As the Americans retire, General Agnew is seen to fall from his horse. He is caught by some sol diers standing near and placed in a litter. The Sixteenth Light Dragoons appear and follow the British Foot oft the field. SCENE II HISTORICAL NOTE It is credibly asserted that Sir William Howe, thinking that the battle of German town would result in his defeat, had planned a retreat to Chester. The retirement of the Americans from this ill-managed engagement to camps at a greater distance from the city (at a little later date to Valley Forge), led to Howe’s resolution to remain in Philadelphia. The city offered him a pleasant winter rendezvous. He and his officers quartered themselves in the best Quaker homes. The public buildings became hospitals, barrack rooms and stables. The entire city was soon converted into an armed camp for upwards of thirty British regiments, and large auxiliary bodies of German and Loyalist troops. Many Tories accompanied the army to occupy the houses and shops of the Whigs who had sought safer retreats. CAST OF CHARACTERS The troops used in the first scene, together with the Forty-second Highlanders (“Black Watch”), Hessian Jaegers, Queen’s Rangers, etc. The Forty-second Highlanders are seen marching and countermarching, to the music of the pipers. The Queen’s Rangers, a Tory Regiment under command of Lieutenant-Colonel S imcoe, and other bodies of British soldiery appear and go down to the river to receive Sir William Howe and Lord Howe, who are assembled for the next scene. 44 The Historical Pageant SCENE III HISTORICAL NOTE While Washington and his troops suffered the gravest hardships among the hills at Valley Forge, Howe and his army were comfortably ensconced in Philadelphia. The river was opened to the British fleet, and Admiral Lord Howe (Sir \\/illiam Howe's brother) came up with large quantities of supplies. The young oflicers found a welcome in the city’s Tory homes, and the winter was marked by much social gayety. “Assemblies, concerts, clubs and the like,” wrote a captain of the Hessian Jaegers, “make us forget there is any war save that it is a capital joke.” Sir William Howe's indolence at length led to his recall, and just prior to the taking of the resolve to evacuate the city he was superseded in command by Sir Henry Clinton, His brother officers, led by the ill-fated André, in token of their esteem, arranged, before his departure, a noteworthy festival which they called the Mischianza, or more properly the Meschianza (an Italian word meaning a medley), for May I8, I778. It included a regatta on the Delaware River participated in by “swarms" of decorated boats, a tournament at “Walnut Grove,” some distance south of the city, the home of Joseph Wharton, a wealthy Quaker merchant, and in the evening, a ball, a supper, and an elaborate exhibition of fireworks. CAST OF CHARACTERS SIR WILLIAM HowE. LORD HowE. SIR HENRY CLINToN. LoRn CoRNwALI.Is. GENERAL KNYPHAUSEN. Other British ofiicers, grenadiers, dragoons, chasseurs, etc. SIR _I0IIN WRoTTLEsI.EY, CoLoNEL O’HARA, MAJQR GARDINER and CAPTAIN J. F. M0NTR1?:soR. managers of the Meschianza. MAJoR GWYNNE, Marshal of the Field. Knights of the Blended Rose (White Knights): Lonn CATIIcART of the 17th Dragoons, chief knight, with two esquires and slaves. HoN. CAPTAIN CATIIcART of the 23rd Regiment, first knight, with one esquire. LIEUTENANT BYGROVE of the 16th Dragoons, second knight, with one esquire. CAPTAIN _IoHN ANDRE of the 26th Regiment, third knight, with one esquire. CAPTAIN HoRNEcI< of the Guards, fourth knight, with one esquire. CAPTAIN MATTHEWS of the 4Ist Regiment, fifth knight, with one esquire. LIEUTENANT SLOPER of the 17th Dragoons, sixth knight, with one esquire. Herald. Trumpeters. Knights of the Burning Mountain (Black Knights): CAPTAIN WATsoN of the Guards, chief knight, with two esquires and slaves. LIEUTENANT UNI)ERwo0o of the Ioth Regiment, first knight, with one esquire. LIEUTENANT WINYARD of the 64th Regiment, second knight, with one esquire. LIEUTENANT DELAVAL of the 4th Regiment, third knight, with one esquire. M. MoNTI.UIssANT of the Hessian Chasseurs, fourth knight, with one esquire. Costume Study For British Light Infantry Drummer 5th Regiment By Charles M. Lefferts The Words of the Pageant 45 LIEUTENANT HOBART, of the 7th Regiment, fifth knight with one esquire. BRIGADE-MAJoR TARLEToN, sixth knight, with one esquire. Herald. Trnmpeters. Ladies of the Blended Rose: Miss AUCHMUTY, chief knight’s lady. Miss NANcY WHITE, first lady. Miss JANE CRAIG, second lady. Miss PEGGY CiIEw, third lady. Miss NANcY REDMAN, fourth lady. Miss WILLIAMINA BoNn, fifth lady. Miss MARY SHIPPEN, sixth lady. Ladies of the Burning Mountain: Miss REBECCA FRANKS, chief knight’s lady. Miss SARAH SHIPPEN, first lady. MISS PEGGY SHIPPEN (afterwards Mrs. Benedict Arnold) second lady. Miss BECKY BOND, third lady. Miss BECKY REDMAN, fourth lady. Miss SoPHiA CHEW, fifth lady. Miss WILLIAMINA SMITH, sixth lady. A company of spectators drawn from the Tory families of the city. The scene shows the gardens surrounding the Wharton House, “Walnut Grove." Two arches lead to the river, one a naval arch dedicated to Lord H owe, the other a military arch dedicated to Sir William Howe. Between them is the tilting ground, lined with troops. At each side a pavilion for the two parties of ladies in whose honor the tournament is given and for the ofiicers and other spectators. The two parties of ladies enter from the house. The General and the Admiral with their retinues, headed by music, come up from the river through a double file of Grenadiers, supported by horse, under the standards of the! several regiments, and take their places. They are greeted with plaudits, the ladies scattering flowers before them and the troops presenting arms. The sound of trumpets is heard. The trumpeters enter the quadrangle followed by the herald and the seven knights of the Blended Rose, mounted on white horses, with their esquires. The procession moves around the field saluting the ladies. WHITE HERALD.——Th€ Knights of the Blended Rose, by me their Herald pro claim and assert that the Ladies of the Blended Rose excel in wit, beauty and every accomplishment those of the whole world, and should any knight or knights be so hardy as to dispute or deny it, they are ready to enter the lists with them and maintain their assertions by deeds of arms, accord ing to the laws of ancient chivalry. 46 The Historical Pageant Three times he makes the proclamation from different parts of the field. Trumpets are heard again, announcing the Black Herald who parleys with the White Herald. He orders his trumpets to sound and proclaims defiance to the challenge. BLACK HERALD.—Th8 Knights of the Burning Mountain enter these lists not to contend with words, but to disprove by deeds of arms, the vainglorious assertions of the Knights of the Blended Rose, and to show that the ladies of the Burning Mountain as far excel all others in charms as the knights themselves surpass all others in prowess. Going out, he brings in the Black Knights all mounted on black horses, who ride around the field, saluting the ladies. They draw up in front of the White Knights. The chief of the White Knights having thrown down his gauntlet, the chief of the Black Knights orders his esquire to take it up. The knights are presented with their shields and lances by their esquires. The trumpets sound the charge. At the first meeting the lances are shivered; at the second and third charges, pistols are fired; at the fourth, swords are used. Then the chief knights of the opposing sides, Lord Cathcart and Captain Watson, ride to the centre of the field and engage in single com-bat with their swords until parted by the Marshal who rushes upon the field. MARSHAL GWYNNI-:.—Your fair ladies command you to desist from further com bat as you prize their future favors. They are perfectly satisfied with the proofs of your love. The knights now form a line, each black knight beside a white knight in token of the restoration of friendship. They ride in front of the stands, each saluting his lady. Flowers are showered upon them. The bands play and all sing “God Save the King.” The officers, ladies and guests pass into the house, and so leave the field. The troops pass off in the other direction. Costume Study For “Quaker Blues” By Charles M. Lefferts The Words of the Pageant 47 EPISODE V HISTORICAL NOTE Franklin left Philadelphia on October 26, 1776, accredited as one of the American ambassadors to the court of France. His associates were Silas Deane and Arthur Lee. Congress had the hope of presenting the cause of the Colonies in such a light that the King would enter the war as an ally. An old rival of England on the American continent, a traditional enemy in Europe, it would be easy, it was conceived, to secure assistance in that quarter. Franklin remained at Paris for nine years. From the beginning he outshone his colleagues. His fame had preceded him. His tactful conduct increased his vogue and his mission became one of the most remarkable In the history of diplomacy. He was a favorite at court and the idol of the people. His personality made him a principal influence in bringing about the treaty which, after the Battle of Germantown and the surrender of Burgoyne, was concluded between France and the United States. He and his associates were received at court in March, I778, when the alliance was publicly avowed and celebrated, He enjoyed another notable reception in April, 1779, in testimony of his appointment as the sole American plenipotentiary to France. It was on this occasion, according to tradition, that a lady of the court placed a wreath of laurel upon his brow (celebrated in the familiar picture at the court of France), but he was the recipient of so much attention of this kind at Versailles and elsewhere during his residence abroad that it is difficult to assign the scene which follows to a particular date. CAST OF CHARACTERS LOUIS XVI, King of France. MARIE ANTOINETTE, Queen of France. PRXNCESS LAMBALLE, her friend. Coum" ma VERGENNES, Minister of Foreign Affairs. Ministers and nobles, ladies of honor, ladies in waiting, and other ladies of the Court. BENJAMIN FRANKLIN. Swiss Guards in their ancient dress, French soldiers, priests, etc. CHORUS Hail! Franklin, ambassador, brother, Philosopher, patriot, hail! The love of our lands for each other Is a light that shall never turn pale. We bow to the roses of beauty, We drink to the fruit of the vine, But our paramount love is for our duty,— For the strength of the oak and pine. Our songs with all joys are a-quiver, Yet find their fruition in thee As the silvery laugh of the river Grows still in the calm of the sea. Hail! Franklin, ambassador, brother, Philosopher, patriot. Hail! 48 The Historical Pageant The scene shows the ornamental gardens at Versailles. The King and Queen with their retinue enter. The priests cry, "Vivat Rex in aeternum!” Cries of "Vive Louis!” "Vive Antoinette!” "Long Live the King!” Franklin enters in a sedan chair, with two or three attendants, while the white lily-dotted flag of the France of the Bonrbons is lowered in salute. There are cries of “Vive Franklin!” “Vive Fambassadeur des treize provinces unies!” "Vive l’Ameriqne!” "Vive le grand Franklin!" He steps from his sedan leaning upon a stall’. With long grey locks nnpowdered and his simple dress, he is welcomed as a kind of new Solon or Lycurgus. He is received by the King and Queen. A lady places a wreath upon his head and kisses his cheek. 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Y1 ' s - A . .- . _ - e ~ ~ ~ " French Soldier ~.~§"1‘}Y.¥°§F’-'-‘*ii’I.‘ . tin‘ *—‘ 2’ y -"9]__: _=. M} 4 I » h- v U 7 _ _ '9 V 7" . Ju _ P i - é f 1 . ~ _J\7~'3 i F ;_~ A e -"J" e " .- , » -' ‘_~‘*€+ “B1” -U ‘ $2. ~ ;r‘?é;<.*.-. s.2*\.;w."m..»‘ .,ic4\'i*i ‘alarm *;?a&¢;FE.r;=.s;§;¥@ British Grenadier and British Ofiicer British Light Infantryman The Words of the Pageant 49 EPISODE VI SCENE I HISTORICAL NOTE The bonds which held the states together after the Revolution were weak; they grew weaker as the enthusiasm of war subsided and made way for the interests and tasks of peace. During the summer of i_787, a convention of delegates fromrthe states met at the State House under the presidency of General Washington and framed a Constitution. It was adopted on September 17th and was sent out at once to be ratified. It should become effective when nine states approved it. Delaware voted in its favor on December 7th, Pennsylvania on December 12th and New Jersey on December i3th. These three states were followed by Georgia, Connecticut, Massachu setts, Maryland and South Carolina in the order named. The ninth state to ratify the Constitution was New Hampshire on June 21, I788. Arrangements were at once begun for a celebration in Philadelphia for the 4th of July, I788. Before that time, news was received that Virginia, the tenth state, had sf) roved the work of the Convention. Only North Carolina, New York and Rhode sl)and remained out of the Union. The celebration took the form of a well planned parade through the streets, called the Federal Procession. Two structures, the Grand Federal Edifice or “New Roof”, showing I3 columns, three of which were incomplete, and the Federal Ship Union built upon the lines of a frigate of the day, were marked objects. Many prominent citizens rode and walked in the procession which was dispersed at “Union Green" upon the grounds of "Bush Hill", the Hamilton mansion northwest of the city. Here James Wilson delivered an oration and there were other appropriate ceremonies. CAST OF CHARACTERS Joan NIXON Tnomas FITZSIMMONS GEORGE CLYMER Mounted figures in the Federal Procession CoLoNEL JOHN SHEE RICHARD BACHE PETER MUHLENBERG CHIEF jusriciz McKizAN of the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, JUDGE WILLIAM Auousrus ATLEE in their robes of ofiice. JUDGE JACOB Rusu DUNCAN INGRAHAM, New Hampshire JONATHAN WILLIAMS, _]R., Massachusetts JARED INcERsoLL, Connecticut SAMUEL STOCKTON, New jersey Representatives of the ten rati JAMES WILSON, Pennsylvania fying states walking arm in arm CoL. Tnomns Rosmson, Delaware with flags. J. E. HOWARD, Maryland COL. FEBIGER, Virginia W. WARD BURROWS, South Carolina GEoiz<;i~: MEADE, Georgia 50 The Historical Pageant HILARY BAKER GEQRGE LATIMER ]oI»IN WHARTON JOHN Nsigwr Representatives of the citizens at large to whom the SAM“; IORRIS Constitution was committed by the Convention of I787 1°“ “°“’“ seated in the Federal Edam. TENCH FRANcIs ]osEPu ANTHONY ]oIiN CiIALoNER BENJAMIN FULLER CoLoNEL VVILLIAM WILLIAMS in armor. Consuls and representatives of powers in Philadelphia in friendly relations with the United States,—France, United Netherlands, Sweden, Prussia and Morocco. TIIoMAs BELL who bears a flag of the United States. A citizen and an Indian chief smoking the calumet of peace. WILLIAM HAMILTON, the proprietor of “Bush Hill.“ PELATIAH WEBSTER, merchant, economist and pamphleteer. Twelve axemen. Members of trade bodies in the procession, citizens, etc. The Chorus renders the ode composed by Francis Hopkinson in honor of the ratification of the C onstitutionl: “Ohl for a muse of fire to mount the skies, And to a listening world proclaim Behold! behold! an empire rise! An era new, Time as he flies, Hath entered in the book of Fame. On Alleghany’s tow’ring head Echo shall stand-—the tidings spread, And o'er the lakes and misty floods around An era new resound. See where Columbia sits alone, And from her star—bespangled throne Beholds the gay procession move along, And hears the trumpet and the choral song. She hears her sons rejoice Looks into future times, and sees The num’rous blessings Heav’n decrees, And with her plaudit, joins the general voice. Hail to this festival!—all hail the day! Columbia’s standard on her roof display; And let the people’s motto ever be: ‘United thus, and thus united, free !’ ” -q-..-._-,_,_,,,_, sv. EpisodeStudyVI,ColorforScene2 WashingtonGray's atGardens StephensBy H.Charles The Words of the Pageant 51 The scene shows the space called “Union Green” in front of Hamilton's "Bush Hill.” Disposed upon the field, are the Federal Ship Union completely manned and the "New Roof” or Grand Federal Edifice with its thirteen Corinthian columns, three of which are incomplete, to indicate that three states yet remain out of the Union. The ten gentlemen who occupy chairs under the dome and who represent the citizens at large, vacate them and surrender their places to the ten repre sentatives of the states who had earlier walked arm in arm in the procession. The states are now declared to be “in unison” amid loud hu-zzas. Each delegate who enters the temple hangs the flag which he carried in the procession, upon its appropriate column. Ten toasts in honor of the ten states are announced by -trumpet and are followed by a discharge of artillery. SCENE II HISTORICAL NOTE George Washington was elected President_and John Adams Vice-President of the Union which was established under the Constitution. Congress met and the govern ment was started on its way in New York in April, I789. It was soon resolved to place the capital in Philadelphia where it was to remain for ten years until a site could be prepared for a new city on the banks of the Potomac in the District of Columbia. Washington took up his residence in Philadelphia in November, I790, and Congress met here a few days later. The President was everywhere acclaimed as "the hero of the Western world,” and was the mark for many popular demonstrations. His arrival from and his departure for his “seat" in Virginia, his birthday, the Fourth of July and other occasions received ceremonious observance. The scene which follows represents the President at Gray’s Gardens at Gray's Ferry, a handsomely embellished pleasure ground on the high road to the South, where he was so frequently a guest. CAST OF CHARACTERS GEGRGE WASHINGTON. MRs. WASHINGTON. ]oiIN ADAMS. MR5. ADAMS. ALExANnER HAMILTQN. TiioMAs ]Ei=i=ERsoN. ROBERT MoRRIs. MRs. MoRRIs. WILLIAM BINGHAM. MRs. BINGHAM. THOMAS MIPPLIN, President of Pennsylvania. THOMAS MCKEAN, Chief Justice of Pennsylvania. MAJoR WILLIAM ]Aci The scene is Gray’s Gardens early in W ashington’s first adnu'uistrat."on. "All love their own Schuylkill’s romantic soft tide And pay their devotion at Gray’s.” ' Tea tables are set upon the green. A “Federal Temple” composed of an arch of twelve stones, one for each of the colonies already in the Union and a keystone for Rhode Island which has just ratified the Constitution. The Federal Ship "Union” which was used in the Federal Procession in I788 and for several years afterward was a popular attraction at Gray’s Gardens. The ladies and gentle men representing the best Colonial society at the "Republican Court” enter and await the arrival of Washington. He comes on a white charger. Mrs. Wash ington rides in the famous family coach. When the President is seen, the band strikes up “W ashington’s March.” As he dismownts “God Save Great Washing ton” set to the tune of "God Save the King" is sung-. The crowd shouts “Long Live Great Washington!” “Long live the Father of his Country!” Children wave a welcome from the sh-ip “Union” which is entwined with French and American flags. Thirteen young men dressed as shepherds and thirteen young women dressed as shepherdesses come out of the grove and proceed to the "Federal Temple” where the keystone is put in place in honor of the ratification of Rhode Island. The Federal salute of thirteen guns is fired. SCENE III HISTORICAL NOTE As Washington’s administration advanced the radicals allowed their sympathies for France, where the course of aflairs underwent direful changes daily, to run away with their good sense. The Bastille fell in 1789, the year in which our republic was being established. Louis XVI was beheaded in January, I793, and Marie Antoinette went to the guillotine in October, I793. The birthday of the King of France was celebrated in Philadelphia no longer. France, too, would be a republic like the United States. Frenchmen as well as Americans would be free and equal—brothers of one great family. They had helped us to gain our liberties; we must now aid them. The first French republican minister to the United States was Citizen Edmund Charles Genet. He landed at Charleston, S. C., from a French frigate, “L’Ambus cade," in April, I793. The vessel came up the Delaware on May 2, with the bonnet rouge at its topmasts. Genet meanwhile proceeded northward overland, arousing the sym pathies of the people along the way, He reached Gray's Ferry on May I6th, where he was welcomed by a crowd of citizens. The city went French mad, and the excite ment continued for several years. Mobs of men, women and children, Americans, Frenchmen and West Indians, white, yellow and black, aimed to move Washington, John Adams, Alexander Hamilton, Robert Morris and the Federalists from the position of neutrality on the subject of French matters in Europe which they had assumed. The scene is a representation of one of several similar civic festivals in the French republican interest in the streets and squares, on the commons and in the pleasure gardens of Philadelphia. The Words of the Pageant _ 53 CAST OF CHARACTERS CITIZEN EDMUND CHARLES GENET, Minister Plenipotentiary from the Republic of France. M. DE TERNANT, the French Minister Resident under the monarchy. M. DE LA FOREST, the Consul-general of France. Their secretaries and attendants. CITIZEN BOMPARD, commanding officer of the “L’Ambuscade,” the French frigate, in the harbor, with a party of naval ofiicers and sailors. DAviD RITTENHOUSE. CHARLES BIDDLE. JONATHAN D. SERGEANT. P. S. DUPONCEAU. JAMES HUTCHINSON. A. J. DALLAS. THOMAS LEIPER. MATHEW CAREY. M1cHAiaL LEIB. Other leading citizens of French sympathies. A mob of men, women and children in which many French people are seen. CHORUS Liberty glorious! in thy name What crimes are wreaked on human kind! Equality! what brands of shame, Forged from thy seal, burn reason blind! Fraternity, that still should be The countersign of man to man, Alas! that men should find in thee Excuse to thwart God's noblest plan! The scene is the ground at Centre Square where an obelisk is set up bearing inscriptions which indicate its dedication to liberty. The crowd enters to the music of “Yankee Doodle” which soon changes to “Ca Ira.” Boys and girls take their places around the pedestal. Men walk two and two with oak boughs in their hands; women with flowers which they strew around the pedestal. The crowd displays great animation, the boys and girls dancing, men giving each other the "fraternal embrace,” calling each other "C iti zen” and shouting “Vive la Repnblique!" ”Li'z-'e Free or Die!” etc. The Scene is made gay with the American flag and the French» tri-color. Men and women exhibit the tri-colored cockade in their hats and at their breasts. Some wear the red cap of liberty or hold it aloft on pike-staffs. When “Ca Ira" 5 54 The Historical Pageant is finished the orchestra plays "La Carmagnole.” Men a/nd women now join hands and dance around liberty trees. One takes ofi his scarlet liberty cap and tosses it upon the ground; a crowd dances around it. As Genet enters, accom panied by Bompard and the sailors, he is given a wild welcome. The crowd takes up the ref-rain and shouts, “Citizen Genet!" "The Republic of France!” "The rights of Man!” A crowd at one side of the field cries, “Long live the Friends of Liberty!” and another at the other side of the field responds, “Long Live the Friends of Liberty!” Fifteen guns boom the Federal salute from the river ( Vermont and Kentucky having by this time joined the thirteen States in the Union.) The crowd after a while seizes Genet and he is carried oft on their shoulders through the wood towards the river, singing the "Marseilla-ise.” CHORUS “Ye sons of France, awake to glory, Hark! Hark! What myriads bid thee rise. Your children, wives and grandsires hoary, Behold their tears and hear their cries. Shall hateful tyrants mischief breeding With hireling hosts, a rufiian band, Afiright and desolate the land, While peace and liberty lie bleeding? To arms! To arms! ye brave! Th’ avenging sword unsheath! March on! March on! All hearts resolved On victory or death!” As the sound dies away in the distance the chords of a stately chant are heard, and the Chorus sings. CHORUS Land of a thousand hills, Land of far rolling plains, Think of thy destiny, noble, uplifting,— Think of thy mother’s pangs. Dear land of liberty, Think of the patriot blood Shed at thy birthing. Then shall thy soul abhor License that murders shame, Then shall thy vision clear See what a gulf divides License from Liberty. The Words 0/ the Pageant 55 SEMI-CHORUS (Remembrance) Dream of the days that lent Sunlight and life to thee. SEMI-CHORUS (Aspiration) Hope for the days to come, Regal, resplendent. CHORUS Dream of the days that were, Hope for the days to come, Land of a thousand hills, Dear land of Liberty! As the last lines are sung the figure of President Washington, mounted as in the last scene, appears at one side of the field. He brings his steed to a full stop and looks toward the river. He is espied by the rear guard of the mob. Many turn, and, running, crowd around him. Recovering their mental aplomb, they cheer him lustily. He rides up the field and moves ofi‘ to the strains of the "President’s March." 56 The Historical Pageant EPISODE VII HISTORICAL NOTE The establishment of a national feeling was difficult until after a second war with Great Britain. French and English sympathies which had formed a dividing ground for parties for years then made way for a strong native sentiment and for some purely American ideals. Embargoes and non-intercourse acts, outrages upon shipping at sea led in 1812 to open hostilities. Armed vessels went out and came in to the Delaware. The heroes of sea battles were honored by the people. The town of Lewes was bombarded in I813 and some companies of volunteers under Brigadier General Joseph Bloomfield started south to protect the approaches of the city. The news of the landing of the army, the sack of Washington and the advance upon Baltimore in the next year created the greatest excitement. Able-bodied citizens went out each morning to work upon the redoubts which were planned to guard the southern roads. The militiamen, formed into picturesque companies,—prominent among which was one still in existence at this day, the State Fencibles—went into camp ready for duty at need, At last the unsuccessful bombardment of Fort McHenry and the defeat of the invading army near Baltimore caused great rejoicing and Phila delphia was safe. CAST OF CHARACTERS GENERAL EDMUND PENDLETON GAINEs. GENERAL BLOOMFIELD. GENERAL TH0MAs CADWALADER. GENERAL IsAAc WORRELL. CoLoNEL CLEMENT C. BIDDLE. STEPHEN GIRARD. DAVID PARISH, and other citizens. Messengers. State Fencibles, Washington Guards, and other militia companies. A mob of men, women and children. CHORUS Once more to arms the country calls, Once more o’er fertile plain and mountain, Hark! how the martial summons falls Athwart the visage of each placid fountain. Up freemen in your might For God and for the right Drive out the foe. The arena represents a square in the city. The scene is suggested by one of Krimmel’s pictures of a Philadelphia crowd at this period. Military companies are marching and there is much commotion. Prominent among these are the newly formed State Fencibles and the Washington Guards, a crack Federalist company. A procession of men with spades and mattocks thrown over their shoulders, and food in knapsacks on their backs, start of? for work on the redoubts. Lord Howe (1725-99) In National Portrait Gallery, London Copyright by Emery \\':ilker Alexander Kabierske As a British Light Dragoon Drawing of the Blue Anchor Inn By Charles H. Stephens Men at Work on Delaware Block House in the Property Room The Words of the Pageant 57 The horn of an express is heard. He comes up to the front of the field and shouts, “The British have landed at North Point! They are headed for Balti more!” Shouts of derision and defiance. Men seize arms. The militia companies pass off as though going to the war, the women waving their farewells. In a little while another express rides in on a foaming steed. The people press around him. He shouts, “The British have been defeated at North Point, and their general, Lord Ross, is killed!” Cheers are heard on all sides. “Huzza for the brave Baltimoreans!” "Our city is safe!” etc. An old “seventy-si.re1” waves his hands and is followed by a crowd of boys as he goes off to announce the news in other parts of the city. The militia companies again come upon the field bearing the American flag. The bands play the first chords of the "The Star Spangled Banner." The music is taken up by the Chorus: “Oh! say can you see by the dawn’s early light, What so proudly we hail'd at the twilight’s last gleaming, Whose stripes and bright stars thro’ the perilous fight, O’er the ramparts we watch’d, were so gallantly streaming; And the rocket’s red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof thro’ the night that our flag was still there. CHoRUs--“Oh! say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave, O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave! “Oh, thus be it ever when freemen shall stand Between their lov'd home and the war’s desolation; Blest with vict’ry and peace, may the heav’n rescued land Praise the Power that hath made and preserved us a nation. Then conquer we must, for our cause it is just, And this be our motto, ‘In God is our trust.’ CHoRUs—“And the star-spangled banner in triumph shall wave, While the land of the free is the home of the brave !” 58 The Historical Pageant EPISODE V III HISTORICAL NOTE In 1824 Lafayette revisited the United States. He was accompanied by his son, George Washington Lafayette. He came to Philadelphia late in September and was the recipient of a round of attentions. The survivors of the Revolutionary era were gathered to welcome him. He was met at the end of the Trenton bridge by the military and escorted into the city under arches, amid transparencies, through hurrahing crowds. The First City Troop and the Washington Grays had the prominent places around ‘I;'afa_yette's barouche. Not in many years, if ever, had the city known such a cele ration. CAST OF CHARACTERS GENERAL LAFAYETTE. GEORGE WASHINGTON LAFAYETTE. Govanuon SHULZE. Junca RICHARD Parsas, of Belmont. MAYOR WATSON. Josr-:P11 S. LEWIS. WILLIAM Rusn. Join: M. Scorr. Members of the Committee of Councils. AQUILA A. BROWNE. JAM:-:s WILMER. BENJAMIN TILGHMAN. Jorm Swn-"r. Other prominent citizens. A crowd of men, women and children. Washington Grays and other military companies. CHORUS He comes again as in our direst need He came to succor a fast fading cause; He comes, the witness of a glorious deed To meet a pe0ple’s unrestrained applause,— To breathe the fragrance of the flower whose seed His patriot hands deep planted in our laws, Hail to the friend who heard our country's cry, Great Lafayette, our Washing-ton’s ally! The Words of the Pageant 59 The scene shows the reception to Lafayette in Philadelphia in I824. The "Nation’s Guest,” with Judge Peters, occupies a barouche. His son, George W oshington Lafayette, follows in another carriage. They are escorted by troops. On transparencies gre seen "A Nati0n’s Welcome to Freedom’: Friend,” “Wel come to the Nation’s Guest,” “Yorktown, Monmouth and Brandywine,” etc. Lafayette bows his acknowledgments. In front of the stand Lafayette dismounts and proposes a toast: “The City of Philadelphia—where American Independence was first pro claimed and where the holy alliance of public order with popular institutions is every day happily demonstrated." He reeuters his carriage and all move off to the strains of a march. 60 The Historical Pageant EPILOGUE HISTORICAL NOTE The growth of the city was continuous, but in government the people came under 29 separate jurisdictions. The old city lying between the Delaware and the Schuylkill and Vine and South Streets had a population in 1850 of 121,376. The county had 408,762 inhabitants. Where the city ended and the suburbs began could not be determined by the eye. Houses extended in unbroken blocks north of Vine street and south of South street, but the people were politically separate. Included in the county were ten corporations, six boroughs and thirteen townships. The corporations were the old city and the districts of Southwark, Northern Liberties, Kensington, Spring Garden, Penn, Moyamensing, Richmond, West Philadelphia and Belmont; the six boroughs, Germantown, Frankford, Manayunk, Bridesburg, Whitehall and Ara mingo; the thirteen townships, Passyunk, Blockley, Kingsessing, Roxborough, Ger mantown, Bristol, Oxford, Morcland, Byberry, Northern Liberties, Penn, Lower Dublin and Delaware. The evils of divided authority with the rioting fire companies and their ruflianly adherents were at length too great to be borne any longer and in I854 all the districts, boroughs and townships were consolidated with the city. The city became coterminous with the county and a new era had begun. The orchestra gives the theme of the psalm to be sung, and the Chorus sings: CHORUS God of our fathers, in whose palm Lie all the fates of all the years, Whose voice hath bid the sea be calm And sealed the founts of all men’s tears; Grant to the city of our love The greatness that doth spring from Thee. The civic pride that soars above The petty strifes of policy: Give heed to our ascending psalm And turn to trust our sordid fears, God of our fathers, in whose palm Lie all the fates of all the years. SEM I-CHORUS (Remembrance) For thou hast bid the sea be calm And sealed the founts of all men’s tears. SEMI-CHORUS (Aspiration) And thou wilt hearken to our psalm And turn to trust our sordid fears. D Dislriel 5 Borough T Township lpassyunk T l O Briclesburg B 2Kin9se,ssing T I 7 Oxford T 3l\/loyametnsing D l8 While Hall B 4soull'\warl< D l 9 Franlciord B Ocily of Philadelphia 20 Lower DublinT 6Bloclcl.e.y T Delaware, T Ywesl Plwiladelplxia D Moreland T 8Be,lmo~nl D 23Byberr_y T 95 ring Garelen D 24'Brislol T lOl\lZrll1e.rn Lllserlleso 2 5 Unincorporaled l lKe-nsinglon D Norlbern Libe.rlie.sT l 2Perm D Cvermanlown B l Open n T 27 Germanlown T l4Ricl1moncl D 28ROXl)orou§l'1 T l 5Aramingo B 29i\/lanayunk 5 The Old City and the Twenty-Eight Districts, Boroughs and Townships, as They Were Before the Consolidation in 1854 The Words of the Pageant 61 FULL CHORUS City of regal diadems, From history claim thy just renown, And gather up, like scattered gems, The jewels to stud a flawless crown; Take to thy breast these daughters fair Whose being is a part of thee, While down the aisles of lambent air Float swelling strains of melody. Thy onward march no envy stems Nor any voice thy song can drown, City of regal diadems Whose brows support a flawless crown. SEM I-CHORUS (Remembrance) For thou hast garnered scattered gems To glorify thy flawless crown. SEMI-CHORUS (Aspiration) And thou shalt wear new diadems While men shall sing thy just renown. A herald, mounted on a richly caparisoned horse, rides into the arena from the northwest corner of the field. After a blast on his trumpet, he announces in a loud voice the names of the coming Districts; Spring Garden, the borough of Germantown, Germantown Township, Penn Township, South Penn, Manayunk, Roxborough. He pauses after each name, and the symbolical figure of the dis trict or borough appears. Similarly another Herald rides in from the northeast corner of the field. He gives a blast on his trumpet, and announces: The District of Northern Liberties, the Township of Northern Liberties, Kensington, Aramingo, White Hall, Lower Dublin, Delaware, M oreland, Byberry, Richmond, F rankford, Bridesburg, Bristol, Oxford. The symbolical figures appear as in the former instance. A Herald rides in from the southwest corner of the field, and after a trumpet blast announces: West Philadelphia, Belmont, Blockley, Kingsessing. The figures appear as announced. Again a H erald rides in from the southeast corner of the field, giving a trumpet blast announcing: S outhwark, M oyamensing, Passyunk. The figures appear as announced. Now a matronly figure is seen. She represents Philadelphia. The several districts form around her. The figure "Philadelphia" ascends a platform at back, and the several dis tricts are grouped or form a pyramid about her. The national and the city colors are broken out from flag poles at the rear, the bands playing "America.” 62 The Historical Pageant As this ceases, the Chorus, accompanied by the orchestra, sings: CHORUS God of our fathers in whose palm Lie all the fates of all the years, Give heed to our ascending psalm And turn to trust our sordid fears. SEMI-CHORUS (Remembrance) For Thou hast bid the sea be calm And sealed the founts of all men’s tears. SEM I-CHORUS (Aspiration) And Thou wilt hearken to our psalm And turn to trust our sordid fears. CHORUS City of regal diadems, From history claim thy just renown, And gather up, like scattered gems, The jewels to stud a flawless crown. SEMI-CHORUS (Remembrance) Thy onward march no envy stems, Nor any voice thy song can drown, SEMI-CHORUS (Aspiration) City of regal diadems, Whose brows support a flawless crown. CHORUS Give heed to our ascending psalm, And turn to trust our sordid fears, God of our fathers in whose palm Lie all the fates of all the years. All the performers enter and are given their places upon the field for a grand tableau. One line after another is put into motion, and the performers in proces sion pass before the grand stand, and ofi the field. The symbolical figures remain in position while the “March Past” progresses and are the last to leave the scene. .a.%.»»h».t.¢.ete~?wsmvwaHn~. ....i.~1 ‘ Poster Pageant Blumenthal F L. Historical - M. the By for j -Q ._ Drawing ._ _ ISTOIQICAL), -v_'_~ ‘\TE.% . AcEANT%k M, .... a I as .\ r-4 Ln ..... P ...... H PHILADELPHIA 1.1.. - ...... 9. A...... _ . n4. VF .. . 3 ..-¢.. . . _. ....__KP.i~.I...... _....._i.e...~a...,...a....,. ..# ...._ Z.» . . ..r n.am§u*~1....u...... _m+%wf...43..“ .. .5 MAKERS OF THE PAGEANT 1 Mrs. Margaret McHenry (Photograph by Marceau) 2 Joseph Jackson 3 Mrs. C. M. Broomall (Photograph by Marceau) 4 Charles M. Lefferts 5 John Lucas (Photograph by Evans) The Constitution of the United States 63 113): Qtunstitutiun at the llinitch fitates Scenes in Philadelphia 125 Years Ago In Philadelphia 125 years ago the Constitution of the United States, long the pride of Americans and the model for the friends of freedom throughout the world, was framed and sent out to the thir teen states. The total impotency of the government organized under the Articles of Confederation demanded the serious attention of the people, if the fruits of the war were to be made valuable. No central government worthy of that name had yet been established. There was as yet only a number of states with more or less common interests. These interests, however, were momentarily in danger of growing unlike and separate. Soon, if something were not done, quarrels would arise among the states and, there being no power over all to guide and compel, they would become the prey of Euro pean conquerors. “What may be the final event,” Robert Morris wrote, “time only can discover; but the probability is that first divided, then governed, our children may lament in chains the folly of their fathers.” What he wished, as he wrote to his friend, Alex ander Hamilton, was “a firm, wise, manly system of federal govern ment.” This was the hope of the wisest men in Pennsylvania, New England and Virginia. There was need of what the Germans call a Bundesstaat instead of a Staatenbund, a federation instead of a confederation, a strong central government instead of a league of state governments, without a common purpose, or the authority to interpret and express the common resolves. Congress, after it had left the city for Princeton in the summer of I783, frightened by a few Continental officers who had come to collect their back pay, refused to return. It was in New York when the call was sent out for a convention of delegates from the various states to assemble in Philadelphia in May, I787, for the purpose of devising some system of federal control. Few had a suspicion what this system would be, although a number of men of experience in management during the war were determined that it should have more fibre than would have been 64 The Historical Pageant acceptable to the very democratic masses whom they represented in the notable conference. On December 30, I786, the Assembly of Pennsylvania delegated seven of its citizens as its representatives in the convention,—]ames Wilson, Robert Morris, Gouverneur Morris, Thomas Mifflin, George Clymer, jared Ingersoll and Thomas Fitz simmons. Afterward the name of Benjamin Franklin was added to the number. The meeting time was set for May 14th, but it was the 25th day of the month before a quorum (representation from seven states) was at hand in the State House “ready to transact the most important business which it has ever fallen to the lot of any body of public men in America to perform.” General Washington, who was one of the delegates from Vir ginia, had arrived in the city on the 13th. He was met at some distance down the Southern Road by the City Troop, and escorted to the home of Robert Morris, whose guest he was until the conven tion adjourned. The event brought to the city such men as Alex ander Hamilton, from New York; Rufus King and Elbridge Gerry, from Massachusetts; Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth, from Connecticut; George Read and john Dickinson, from Delaware; James Madison, George Wythe and Edmund Randolph, from Vir ginia, and john Rutledge, Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, his kins man, Charles Pinckney and Pierce Butler, from South Carolina. It had been generally agreed beforehand that V!/ashington should_preside. Nominated by Robert Morris, in behalf of Pennsyl vania, he was unanimously elected. Morris walked upon one side and john Rutledge, of South Carolina, on the other, to conduct him to the chair. Major William jackson was elected secretary. Sur prisingly little zeal was manifested for the work in hand except on the part of a few men. Recent researches show that there were in all 73 appointments to the convention, but a considerable number did not exert themselves to attend. The delegates did not even put themselves to the trouble to acknowledge the honor which the states had done them by making them members of the distinguished body. Only 55 ever put in an appearance. New Hampshire’s delegates did not arrive until late in july and Rhode Island had none present at any time. Of the fifty-five who attended the sessions and par ticipated in the prolonged discussions, two from New York with drew from the body before its work was done, three refused to sign The Constitution of the United States 65 the instrument and eleven absented themselves from the meeting when they should have been present to append their names. Only thirty nine gave it their signatures, Pennsylvania contributing eight and Delaware five, their entire delegations. These two states were alone in giving the scheme of government which was proposed their unanimous support, and were the strength of the Federal movement. Alexander Hamilton stood by himself in New York. Massachusetts contributed only two signatures and Virginia but three, Washing ton, john Blair, and that man who next to Hamilton and perhaps Wilson, had been the most useful member of the convention, James Madison. Many delegates had plans which they presented to the conven tion and defended with ability. The writings of a number of men outside the body, including John Adams’s masterly work on Consti tutions were carefully pondered. The claims that have been made for Pelatiah Webster, at that time a Philadelphia merchant, as the author of the main features of the Constitution require considera tion. He had written a pamphlet entitled, “A Dissertation on the Political Union and the Constitution of the Thirteen United States of America.” It was published February 16th, 1783. Like the numerous other pamphlets of the same author, it appeared anony mously, but was included in his collected writings in I791. It is a most thoughtful essay, and a masterpiece of lucidity. As Mr. Web ster, who was a man of wealth, was accustomed to distribute his pamphlets to those whom he believed would be interested in them, it seems fair to suppose that nearly if not all the members of Congress received copies. As many of the suggestions, demonstrated with care and in an entertaining manner, were included in the Constitu tion by its framers, the claim that Mr. Webster is entitled to some share of the honor attending the success of the convention is not unreasonable. The frame of government proposed by the delegates was adopted on September 17th, and the members adjourned by no means certain that their labors would meet with the acceptance of the nine states, which must approve before it could be carried into effect. Wash ington had been a powerful force to bring about harmony of feeling in the convention, and his advice was destined to exert an important 66 The Historical Pageant influence in the states to which the discussions were at once trans ferred. He was the first character in America. His reputation was unsullied by that criticism which would be launched against him when party bitternesses arose. On September 18th he set out in his chariot for Mount Vernon, parting from his friends, Robert and Gouverneur Morris, at Gray’s Ferry, and reached home four days later, on Saturday evening, September 22d, “about sunset, after an absence of four months and fourteen days.” The departure of the delegates from Philadelphia was the signal for such political excitement as the city had not lately, if ever, known. The sessions of the convention had been secret, and no one outside of the hall had an inkling of what the result would be. Until the finished instrument was published its character was quite unknown. That it would be unsatisfactory to many was foreseen; that its approval by a sufficient number of states to secure its adop tion could be secured was doubtful. Pennsylvania and Delaware having had so prominent a part in the work of the body were expected to act quickly and Delaware did so, with a unanimity for which she may long feel proud, on December 7th, I787—in less than three months after the convention had adjourned. Pennsylvania followed on December 12th, but not without a violent party struggle. The state had long been the front and center of the French democ racy, and their leaders at once detected in the proposed Constitution of the Union the gravest danger to popular liberty. They foresaw that the indorsement of any such principles of government as Hamil ton and the Federalists had made to prevail in the Constitution would be fatal to those ideas which they had nursed like fanatics for more than ten years, and they were determined to accomplish its defeat. If checks and balances, separate executive, judicial and legislative departments and a bicameral legislature with a house of lords, under the disguise of a senate, were to be made the pattern for America, and Montesquieu was to be made to triumph over Rous sea_u, ruin was at hand for the French democrats. But if this party had wished to defeat a proper system of Federal government it should have moved earlier and prevented the sending to the convention of such men as ]ames Wilson, Robert Morris, Gouverneur Morris and George Clymer. Aided by George Washington, Hamilton, Madison and ]ohn Dickinson, they were to The Constitution of the United States 67 all intents and purposes the authors of the instrument and the oppo sition would need to be very active to circumvent men of so much power and intelligence. The Federalists were overwhelmingly triumphant in the city in the election of members to the convention called to ratify the Con stitution. Their five candidates were James Wilson, Thomas Mc Kean, Benjamin Rush, George Latimer and Hilary Baker. The average majority for the Constitution was about ten to one. The Pennsylvania convention was a body of sixty-nine dele gates and it organized with Frederick A. Muhlenberg, one of the distinguished sons of the Rev. Henry Melchior Muhlenberg, of the Lutheran church at the Trappe, as its presiding ofiicer. The battle was sharp but brief. The A-nti-Federalists were greatly outvoted. On December 12th the question of ratification came before the dele gates, and forty-six were favorable and twenty-three unfavorable to a “more perfect union” under the Constitution. The counties of Philadelphia, Bucks, Montgomery, Northamp ton, Chester, York and Lancaster (excepting one vote) gave their solid support to the city in the aflirmative. Berks, Dauphin, Cum berland, Bedford, Fayette and Westmoreland, full of the wild spirit of the frontier to which the French theories had now spread, cast nineteen of the twenty-three negative votes. The next day, on December 13th, the members of the convention marched from the State House to the old court house, at Second and Market streets, where the act was solemnly proclaimed to the people. Guns were fired and bells were rung. There was a dinner at one of the taverns and much mutual congratulation. New Jersey’s ratification came only one day later, on December I 3th. Georgia followed on January 2d, I788, Connecticut on Janu ary 9th, Massachusetts on February 6th, Maryland on April 26th, South Carolina on May 23d, and then on June 21st, 1788, New Hampshire approved, the honor hers of being the ninth state and of making the Constitution effective. Virginia did not accede until June 25th, after a stubborn battle; New York not until July 26th. North Carolina gave her assent on November 21, I789, and Rhode Island, the thirteenth state, on May 29, I790. A number of leading Philadelphians had determined that when the ninth state had ratified the Constitution they would organize a 68 The Historical Pageant pageant. The news of the action of New Hampshire, in 1788, led to immediate preparation and the celebration was set for July 4th. The chairman of the committee of arrangements was Francis Hop kinson, and a very remarkable demonstration ensued. The machinery must now be put in motion for the establishment of the government, and as Congress had been in session in New York since I785, that city became the scene of the inaugural cere monies. The Anti-Federalists were still active in Pennsylvania, and resolved upon measures looking to the amendment of the Constitu tion in the interest of larger rights for the states and more direct popular participation in the government. They also put forth stren uous efforts to send men of their party to Congress and to the elec toral college to choose a president and a vice-president of the United States. In neither movement did they succeed. Thomas Fitzsim mons and George Clymer were elected to Congress from the city and county. The successful candidates outside Philadelphia were Federalists also. The Federal electoral ticket, headed by James Wilson, swept the state. Pennsylvania’s ten votes were given for George Washington for president, while eight were bestowed upon John Adams and two upon John Hancock for vice president. The date of the meeting of the first Congress was set for the first Monday in March (March 4), 1789, but the members came into New York slowly. Washington started north on April 16th. As he neared Philadelphia, he was met by a large concourse of troopers and mounted citizens. His reception at Gray’s Ferry was triumphal and he pursued his way amid unexampled enthusiasm to New York, where he was inducted into olfice. There the capital remained until the next year. In December, 1790, the President and Congress came to Philadelphia, and for ten years this city was again the center of political interest in the Union. Here hostile forces met, here the experiment of government under the new Constitution was tried, here the Federal strength was felt and made known. After a place had been hewn out of the forests on the Potomac for the public buildings of the young nation, the agents and symbols of our central administration were transferred to the District of Columbia. Phila delphia, which had been the capital of the United States in the eigh teenth century with the opening of the nineteenth century, surren dered this position to the new city of Washington. .<- gar 1.-. y 1: Drawing for Souvenir Post Card By Ethel Franklin Betts Bains The House in which Washington resided while he was President, on High, now Market, Street. Robert Morris’s home stands at the right at the corner of Sixth Street a _ . . - 4" ~ I An old Philadelphia Pageant. Procession of Victuallers in 1821 Philadelphia in the War of I812 69 fibilahzlpbia in the war of 1812 The second war with England, toward which the country had been gravitating for many years, was brought very closely home to Philadelphians by reason of their important shipping interests. Large sums of money were invested in, and a considerable portion of the population was directly or indirectly sustained by oversea commerce. It was to be a war on the ocean, directed against inter national trade, and much of the weight of the conflict fell upon the most populous, the wealthiest, and in other ways the leading city in America. The various embargoes of England and France during the period of the Napoleonic wars, the general invasion of the rights of neutral powers, and the impressment of their seamen by the bel ligerents, led to a feeling of great resentment in the United States. For years the English and French parties in this country had been conducting a savage warfare upon each other, and while the out rages of either power upon American shipping were now sufficiently great to warrant a declaration of hostilities against it, those of Eng land seemed the greater and appealed more strongly for redress at the hands of the administration and the people. On June 28, 1807, the news reached Philadelphia of the British “Leopard” firing its guns on the American frigate “Chesapeake” five days before, outside the Virginia Capes. Several men were killed and wounded, and some sailors, said to be deserters from the British service, were car ried off. The excitement was intense, and war seemed immediately at hand. A meeting in the State House yard was called for July Ist. Matthew Lawler presided while ]oseph Hopkinson served as secretary. Dr. Leib offered the resolutions. The old militia com panies were hastily mobilized, and new ones were formed. At the Cock and Lion, the Harp and Eagle, the Sorrel Horse, and other taverns, men gathered together to offer their services for the defence of the city and the state. Companies were formed into brigades under Brigadier-Generals Michael Bright and Michael Leib. ]ohn Barker, who supplanted john Shee as Major-General, had command over all, and issued a ringing address: 6 70 The Historical Pageant “Fly to your arms, my young soldiers! Justice is your path. Let prudence be your guide, mercy your watchword, and the Omni potent Generalissimo that led your fathers through a long and cruel war will take charge of you and lead you to conquest and honor.” As provoking as were the restrictions upon trade, chargeable to England and France, the shipping interests were still more aggrieved when this government began to retaliate with its embargoes and non-intercourse acts. The ship owners were nearly all Federalists and shared the resentment against jefierson and the Republican party for their course in regard to Great Britain, which found more violent expression in New England, and there at length led to the Hartford Convention. The sailors, too, were in great discontent because of a lack of employment, and assembled idly and at times riotously upon the wharves. There had been a large Irish immigration during the past few years, as was evidenced by the number and prominence of Irish names in the city, and the anti-English feeling was increased by elements introduced into the population from this source. At one meeting, a body of these foreign advocates of war, carpeted the platform with a British flag and their speakers had the joy of tram pling it under their feet as they uttered their denunciations of Eng land. Only another spark was needed to set the country on fire, and that was provided by the affair between the American frigate “President” and the British sloop-of-war “Little Belt”, off Cape Henry in May, I811. In the autumn a war party, with Henry Clay at its head, took charge of affairs at Washington, and led the nation into hostilities with Great Britain. The militia continued to drill and engage in sham fights, but the declaration of war in ]une, I812, really found the city, as well as the nation at large, ill prepared for the contest. Colonel Winfield Scott came to Philadelphia to raise a regiment for the regular service, pitching his camp west of the Schuylkill River, near the Upper Ferry, soon departing with the men for Canada. David Moffat and other bold merchants and sea captains, fitted out privateers and the sailors who had been idle under the embargoes entered a service which called them to rich returns. Moifat “scoured the coast of Great Britain to her great annoyance and loss by his frequent captures of her merchant ships.” Philadelphia in the War of I812 71 His best vessel was the “Rattlesnake”. Prizes soon began to come into port. When the ice broke up in the Delaware River in the spring of 1813, the Philadelphians found that they were entirely shut off from the sea. A British squadron, under Sir John Beresford, had placed itself at the Capes and blockaded the bay. This made the war seem very real and near to the people of the city, and they were at once brought to a realization of their undefended position. At Fort Mif flin, which had been put into some kind of order at the outbreak of the war, there were but thirteen or fourteen invalids; all the rest of the garrison had left with Winfield Scott the year before. ' What the British intended to do, no one quite knew, and the fear that they might sail up the river and bombard the city was never out of the people’s minds. What was very well known was that they were asking for water, bullocks, and various kinds of provisions from the inhabitants of Lewes, and threatening to fire upon the town if their demands were not complied with promptly. Small craft were being captured, scuttled and burned, and in March, 1813, the “Montes quieu” of Stephen Girard, with a fine cargo from China, was seized. This vessel had left Philadelphia a few days before Christmas, 1810, for Valparaiso, and had gone on to Canton, where she arrived on February 19, 1812. In the following November she had set sail from that place on her return to Philadelphia, with a cargo valued at $164,744. The ship itself was worth from $15,000 to $20,000. Girard’s captain had no inkling of the blockade, or indeed of the war. The old mariner knew what added value the goods would have at this time, if he could secure them, and he sent to Sir John Beresford an offer of $180,000 if the captors would release his prop erty. This plan was agreed to and the ransom money was paid in coin. As usual, Girard’s judgment was right. He succeeded in selling the cargo of the “Montesquieu” for $488,655. On April 6th the British opened their guns upon the town of Lewes, to which militiamen had been hurried from all directions, and kept up the bombardment for twenty-two hours. The injury, how ever, was very trifling, and the performance resulted chiefly in fright. Some companies of volunteers were sent south while this excitement lasted, but they saw no active military service. Brigadier-General Joseph Bloomfield was in command over this district, and established 72 The Historical Pageant a camp, which bore his name, near the village of Staunton on the Baltimore road. New Castle on the Delaware was only six miles away and the Head of Elk, which led to the waters of the Chesa peake, but seventeen miles. Three or four hundred Philadelphia vol unteers, aided by some troops from Delaware, comprised the entire force, which continued to reconnoiter the ground for several weeks. The camp was moved two or three times, and on July 26, I813, was broken up, the companies entering Philadelphia again on the after noon of the succeeding day. They were given a meal at “\/Vood lands” and escorted with honor into the city, to be dismissed in front of the State House. The excitement now somewhat abated. It was a difficult matter to make any proper arrangements for defence because of the violence of party feeling. The Federalists, who were in control in Select Council, declared that the war was unnecessary and one not to be supported on that account. Common Council, which was Republican, was powerless without the coopera tion of the other body. Stung into action by the indignities which the national name was compelled to suffer on land and sea at the hands of the enemy, and by a crystallization of public sentiment, practical measures were finally resolved upon. A squadron of armed galleys was set afloat upon the river. While this was not a formid able fleet, at no time numbering more than nineteen gunboats, six barges and two block sloops, it could have offered some resistance, perhaps, to the progress of a hostile invasion, such as that which was aimed at Washington City in I814. That outrage at once warmed the people’s blood. On August 25th news came to Philadelphia of the battle of Bladensburg, and the burning of the Capitol. The city was “in the greatest agitation.” The Federalists were aroused at last. \/Vas Philadelphia safe against the small number of British soldiers who had visited so much humiliation upon the nation at Washington? The army might be in Baltimore in a few days; in a few days more in Philadelphia, the old capital and the principal city of the republic. A town meeting called for the State House yard for the next day brought out citizens of all ages, classes and parties. Thomas McKean, now eighty years old, presided. “This is not a time for speaking,” he said, “but a time for action.” Joseph Reed, the son of the Joseph Reed of Revolutionary times, was the secretary. A Philadelphia in the War of I812 73 committee of defence was appointed, headed by Charles Biddle. The names upon it included ]ared Ingersoll, ]0hn Sergeant, Thomas Leiper, George Lattimer, Thomas Cadwalader, General John Steele, General john Barker, Mayor john Geyer, Manuel Eyre, Michael Leib, Condy Raguet, Jonathan Williams, john Barclay and john Naglee. They organized at once, and appointed four persons for each of the fourteen wards of the city, twenty-one for the districts of the Northern Liberties and Penn Township, and twenty-six for Southwark, Moyamensing and Passyunk. It was the duty of these committeemen to urge the able-bodied men of their respective neigh borhoods to enroll themselves in military companies for the city’s defence. Signals of alarm were agreed upon. At six guns fired in succession at Fort 'Mifflin, at the Navy Yard, or at the Arsenal, drums would beat to arms and all the soldiers of every kind would rendezvous in Broad Street. The people were in fright, and many left for the interior with their money and goods. Stephen Girard engaged ten Conestoga wagons to take away a quantity of silver, silks and nankeens, to Reading. He entrusted this caravan to the care of a young apprentice, William Wagner, remembered as the founder of the Wagner Free Institute of Science. Plans were laid to impede the progress of the enemy, if news were received of his march toward the city. All horses, cattle and vehicles were to be driven into the interior, out of reach, so that no facilities of transportation should be left to the invaders. Pro visions of all kinds were to be removed or destroyed. The lower box and the spear in every pump were to be taken out so that the wells could not be drawn upon for water. Passes in the roads were to be stopped by felling trees and throwing them across the way. An “indispensable wheel” was to be taken from every mill on the probable route of march. While these measures promised a rather puerile resistance, they seemed to be the best which the ingenuity of the people, with their limited means, could devise. A number of forts and other works of defence were hastily thrown up on the western side of the city——at Gray’s Ferry; at a place near “Woodlands,” named “Fort Hamilton,” in honor of the Hamiltons who interested themselves in the undertaking; in a situ ation commanding the Lancaster pike; and on the south side of the hill called Fairmount. An effort was made to command all of the 74 The Historical Pageant southern roads. These fortifications were planned by Colonel I. Fonciu, a French ofiicer resident in the city, and other competent engineers, and the work was done by the citizens in turn. The members of various trades and other organizations contributed their services gratuitously for one day. There were parties composed of 400 victualers, 300 hatters and brickmakers, the crew of the priva teer “Washington,” 300 cordwainers, 500 “friendly aliens,” 510 Free Masons,- 2200 “sons of Erin, citizens of the United States,” 650 col ored men, 540 men from the German societies. Silversmiths, artists, doctors, lawyers, took up the pick and spade. In all, 15,000 persons worked upon the forts for one day each. Many who could not assist with their own hands, gave money to forward the end in view. Every morning between five and six o'clock, from September 3d to October 1st, a crowd of these volunteers with their food in knapsacks and handkerchiefs, left the city and trudged out to the scene of their labors. As a rule, each party had its fife and drum. A Scotchman named James McAlpin, dressed as a Highlander, played on the bag pipes, as he led some thirty other Scots, each with a spade, out Market street to the redoubts. Grog was generously dealt out, and for many the service was a grand frolic. Others gave a care to the better defence of the Delaware. The most important undertaking in this direction was the fortification of the Pea Patch, a shoal on which the reeds nodded in the tide some distance below New Castle. Great activity was manifested at the Arsenal on the Gray’s Ferry road, and the city was scoured for cannon, muskets, powder and balls, uniforms and other military material. General Bloomfield, who was still the military commander in Philadelphia and its neighborhood, took charge of the volunteers. Large bodies of them were drilled in the State House yard and in the Southeast Square. Several hundred were encamped beyond the Schuylkill near the line of the Lancaster pike. All the old com panies and several new ones were formed into one body, known as the “Advance Light Brigade.” Now, as before, the value of Du Pont’s powder works near Wilmington as booty for the enemy was well understood. Both the Delaware and the Chesapeake approaches to the city were to be guarded. With all these ends in mind, General Bloomfield determined to establish a camp at Kennett Square, in Philadelphia in the War of I812 75 southern Chester County. This place was only about thirteen miles from Wilmington and within easy reach of the Elk River. The First City Troop proceeded to Mount Bull, a height overlooking the Chesapeake, and formed a chain of videttes extending to the camp and on up to Philadelphia. They thus performed the most useful sentry and scouting service. The camp at Kennett Square was named Camp Bloomfield. Here was assembled the Franklin Flying Artillery, Richard Bache, captain; the Independent Artillerists, the Junior Artillerists, the Northern Liberty Artillerists, the Washington Guards, an organiza tion of Federalists, handsomely uniformed and well drilled; the Inde pendent Blues, Peter A. Browne, captain; the Union Guards and other organizations, with names long ago forgotten. Only one do we know to-day, and this was the third company of the “First Regi ment of Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry,” as it was called for this service, the State Fencibles, and its captain, Clement C. Biddle became the colonel of the regiment. When he was advanced to this post, the company passed under the immediate command of Hart man Kuhn, numbering such young men in its ranks as Henry C. Carey, James Page, Isaac W. Norris, Charles V. Hagner, Richard Willing, Joseph R. Ingersoll, Samuel P. Wetherill, Thomas Dunlap, Charles Grice, Henry J. Biddle, James Barclay, William L. Sonntag, Jr., and Joseph B. McKean. The company had been formed on May 26, 1813, and it is still in existence after a continuous history of nearly one hundred years. The State Fencibles were the first to leave the city for the new camp. General Thomas Cadwalader commanded the brigade, while John Hare Powel was brigade-major, and Richard McCall and John G. Biddle aides-de-camp. The volun teers were reinforced by some companies of regulars, and they were in this situation under these oflicers when the news came of the landing on September 12th, at North Point, only twelve miles away from Baltimore, of the transports, laden with the troops which had so lately devastated Washington. Their object now was the destruc tion of the city on the Chesapeake. The word was soon passed to Philadelphia where men wrought themselves into the greatest excitement. It reached its height around the post office which at this time was situated in a building in Third street above Chestnut, later converted into the well-known 76 The Historical Pageant _Iudd"s Hotel. Crowds of men and women, the old and the young, met here to glean the latest news, and to discuss the military outlook. On September 12th the British General Ross had been killed, but the American militiamen were routed by the seasoned regulars of the enemy who pushed on toward Baltimore. They found their way obstructed and it was evening of the next day before they reached the guarded height surrounding the city. The ships bombarded Fort McHenry, and the other works in the river without avail for twenty-five hours. The land forces attempted some scaling opera tions, but at length firing ceased and on the morning of the 14th it was discovered that the British had returned to their boats. One who was present on the I 5th, when Philadelphia received the grate ful tidings, says: “Upon reaching the corner of Fourth and Chestnut streets, which was accomplished with considerable difficulty, as the streets were packed with men, women and children, we heard the horn of the express rider. Down Chestnut he came at a full gallop, the crowd opening right and left. He pulled up at the corner and after a pause of a few moments, during which an awful silence reigned, and nothing was heard but the quick and heavy breathing of the horse and rider, he cried out in as loud a tone of voice as he could command. ‘The d—d British have been defeated at North Point and their general, Lord Ross, is killed ;’ and then such a fierce cry of triumph, such cheers I have never heard equalled since that memor able night. The streets were packed in every direction, * * * The cry of ‘Huzza for the brave Baltimoreans! Our city is safe!’ was taken up by the immense throng and echoed far and wide.” Another with memories of this time wrote of the shouting and hurrahing, the clapping of hands and the throwing up of hats and caps when the news came in: “All the way from Third and Market down to Dock, around to the Merchant’s Coffee House, Second and \/Valnut streets, and along Chestnut up to the State House there was one constant blaze of excitement. One old fellow, a jolly old landlord of a noted hotel down town, was so full of joy that he pulled off his coat and hat at Third and Chestnut streets and hur rahed until he came to South street. His excitement raised a crowd which he addressed lustily. Others took the fever and it Philadelphia in the War of I812 77 spread rapidly in all the southern districts; so in the north it was spread in the same way by other old ‘seventy-sixers.’ ” The excitement grew less, but despite their repulse at Balti more there was still no assurance that the British might not yet appear in the Delaware. The Committee of Defence urged the Secretary of War to send them a commander of the first rank, either General Winfield Scott or General Edmund Pendleton Gaines. Scott, since he had left the city for the northern frontier, had made a great name for himself. At the battle of Lundy’s Lane, late in July, he had had two horses shot from under him. He was wounded in the side and later in the day was shot through the shoulder. After lying for a month in New York State, he was able to come to Philadelphia to receive treatment from Dr. Physick. He arrived by way of Princeton in September, and was escorted into town with much ceremony, later to be dined at Renshaw’s new Mansion House Hotel at Eleventh and Market streets. He was already so far advanced toward recovery that he was urged to take command in this district. But the plan must be abandoned, and General Gaines early in October established his headquarters in the city. The Philadelphia troops at Kennett Square moved their ground on September 17, and drew nearer to Wilmington. Two camps, called Camp Brandywine and Camp Du Pont, were suc cessively established in the neighborhood. The men remained in the field through the cold rains of November, but reached home again early in the afternoon of Friday, December 2d. The cavalry and infantry companies which had stayed in town met the return ing soldiers west of the Schuylkill, and they together entered the city by way of the Market street bridge. At Eleventh and Market streets General Gaines reviewed the men from his headquarters, and they passed to the State House, where they were mustererd out of duty, the heroes of a bloodless campaign. During the progress of the war many of its revered figures came to Philadelphia, and they were shown those attentions for which the city had long been famous. As the principal commer cial and financial centre of the republic, its literary and publishing centre, the seat of the best hotels, some of the finest American homes and the most interesting society—still controlled as it was 78 The Historical Pageant by the memories of the brilliant days when it had been the capital of the United States—it held its predominant place in the view of visitors. Foreigners who had not seen the city had not seen the country at all. Americans who did not visit it from time to time could be accounted little traveled men and women. It was on the high road between North and South; it was the principal outfitting station and entrepot for the West. The city which had so many interests allying it with the sea sent a number of young men into the naval service, and their achievements awakened a deep feeling of pride. There were at hand swords, pieces of plate, silverware, dinners and votes of thanks for its gallant sons. Other heroes of the war who visited the city were as hospitably welcomed. The spirit of celebration reached its height on the receipt of the news of General Jackson’s signal victory at New Orleans. The battle was fought on January 8th, but word of it was not received in Philadelphia until the 5th of February. Then the ships in the harbor fired salutes and flung their colors to the breeze. The streets were filled with huzzaing people. A week later news came of the signing of the treaty of peace. Mayor Wharton suggested a gen eral illumination of the city on the evening of February 15th. The Schuylkill bridges were lighted; Paul Beck’s shot tower, on the Schuylkill river near the foot of Arch street, rose up into the night “like a pillar of fire, the top being crowned with one hundred and sixty lamps.” Illuminated arches were thrown over Eighth street at Callowhill, Market and Locust streets. Peale’s Museum at the State House, the Chestnut Street Theatre, the Masonic Hall, the office of Poulson’s Advertiser, the house at the northeast corner of Ninth and Market streets of Jacob Gerard Koch, the merchant who in 1812 had offered to build a ship of war for the government at his own expense, and many other private residences, were bril liantly lighted and decorated. Jackson’s name was in every mouth. A ball was given in his honor in May at the Vauxhall Garden, a new place of amusement at the northeast corner of Broad and Walnut streets. He was toasted at the dinners on the Fourth of July, and prominently mentioned for the Presidency. The city played a more important, if less picturesque, part in the war through its large financial operations in behalf of the gov Philadelphia in the War of I812 79 ernment whose credit at this time was sorely impaired. Stephen Girard, the old French merchant and mariner, who had become one of the wealthiest men in the Union, purchased a lot of bonds from the Secretary of the Treasury when the need was great, as did ]ohn jacob Astor and Jacob Barker, of New York, the latter a warm patriot whose family has now for long been a part and parcel of the population of Philadelphia. Another who gave the country financial aid in this grave time was David Parish, of Philadelphia, for several years a notable figure in American finance. He had come here from Antwerp in I805 as the agent of Hope and Company to direct one of the gigantic financial operations which marked the Napoleonic wars. He lived at one time in the handsome McCall mansion on Second street, and later at the corner of Seventh and Walnut streets, facing Wash ington Square. Famous men enjoyed the hospitality of this sump tuous home. He was able and willing to lend his own credit and that of some leading financiers with whom he had connections in Europe, and the city bore an honorable part in the business of making it possible for a country poorly prepared for war to drive the invaders back into their ships. For a second time a triumph over Great Britain had been won. The government which had been proclaimed in I776, which had been established in I787 and the few years following that eventful date, was now entrenched in the hearts of its own people and confirmed in its place in the great inter national family of states. /v Mr L/7III.;ll)BIJ'l/I-I. Iv 8‘: IYPNM-Y’ »/ J '-' '~ A view of Philadelphia from the Delaware River in 1753 Bettering House and Pennsylvania Hospital (at the right) on Spruce Street before the Revolution $3 whilahe phia dbctobcr 7- I2 . I912 P ~_ ‘J1 I" . ~'i" ' V \ _ I . . 1- " V Drawing for Souvenir Post Card By Mrs. Henry Wireman “Belmont"—The Pageant Field in History 81 “£elnwnt”—Q£be fiagzant Jfizlh in kisturp “Belmont,” once the country seat of Richard Peters, who was long a Judge in the United States District Court, and the host oi many of the celebrities from Europe who visited Philadelphia, then the capital city of the nation, as well as the foremost men in our own history, stands on the highest ground in West Fairmount Park. The elevation above tidewater at this point is 200 feet. William Peters, the father of Judge Peters, and brother of the Rev. Dr. Richard Peters, the rector of Christ Church, is believed to have come to this country from England about the year 1740. The exact year does not appear to be accurately known. The tract long distinguished as “Belmont,” however, was purchased by William Peters from Ruth Jones, widow of Daniel Jones, in July, 1742. The new owner of the property seems to have erected a small stone house soon after that year, for his son, Judge Richard Peters, was born there in June, 1744. The estate to which the new owner gave the name of “Belmont,” evidently with remembrance of the seat of Bas sanie’s Portia, in “The Merchant of Venice,” contained 220 acres, and included the island in the Schuylkill River, still known as Peters’ Island. The situation was one of the finest in the neighborhood of Philadelphia. At that date it was within the jurisdiction of Blockley Township, and it extended from the borders of the “Lansdowne” estate on the south to what in recent years has been known as “Chamounix,” the Johnson property, both now parts of Fairmount Park. The Peters estate was increased by further purchases until in the year 1801 it contained 282 acres, and extended back to George's Hill. Its main road was connected with Ford Road, later called Monument Road. _ Just before the Revolution, V\/illiam Peters retired to England, where he remained until his death. During those years of anxiety and struggle, his son, Richard, successfully managed the great prop erty, and in I786, we find William Peters and his wife conveying the title of the estate to Richard, “in recompense for the long and dutiful 82 The Historical Pageant and faithful service rendered by their said son in the conduct and management of the estate and affairs of him, the said Richard Peters, for the period of nineteen years past; with the intent also that the said family-seat shall remain in the family and name of him, the said William Peters, and also in consideration of 724 pounds, 13s. 9d.” To the original small stone house, a rather magnificent mansion was later added, but whether by William Peters or by his son has not been satisfactorily determined. Even this mansion has been largely eflaced, though many traces of its old glory remain. Probably no seat in America during the closing years of the eighteenth century entertained so many of the great men of the time. The family was one of wealth, and it was not wealth acquired in this country. William Peters, the original owner, was for a time secre tary of the Provincial Council of Pennsylvania; certainly he was acting in that capacity in the year I755. The following year we find him military secretary to Lieutenant-Governor Robert Hunter Morris. In 1757, he accompanied Governor Denny to negotiate the Indian Treaty at Easton. He was variously connected with the Pro vincial Government until the dawn of the Revolution, to which, while he took no active part, he was known to have been opposed. His son, Richard, who had been educated in the college of Philadelphia, later the University of Pennsylvania, whence he grad uated in I761, was wholly American. At the first alarm he was with the patriots. He became secretary of the Board of War, which position he held throughout the Revolution, or until February, I781, when under the Articles of Confederation, he was elected Secretary of War of the United States, which office he held until October of the same year, when he was succeeded by General Lincoln. Richard Peters was one of the small group of scholars to be found in this country in his time. He was a good Latin and Greek man and was acquainted with both French and German. After the war, he made a visit to England and successfully represented the condition of the American congregations of the Church of England. It was under an arrangement which he made while there that Wil liam White was ordained a bishop at Lambeth in I 787. On his return to his native country Richard Peters was elected to the Assembly, and served as speaker of that body for two terms. On the organization of the new government under the Constitution, “Bel1nont"—The Pageant Field in History 83 President Washington appointed him one of the judges of the Dis trict Court in Pennsylvania. But it was the social side of judge Peters which is most inter esting and for which he is best recalled. He is said to have had an unrivalled wit, which was the delight of his friends. Washington was a frequent visitor to “Belmont.” On one occa sion, just before he retired from the presidency, he planted a fine walnut tree on the place. Many years later Lafayette also planted a tree. Both grew to splendid maturity and flourished for many years. A list of the famous men of the Revolution and the great travellers from Europe who visited “the tasty little box,” in “the most enchanting spot that Nature can embellish,” as the Marquis of Chastellux described the mansion in I780, would be a very long one. No guest of note failed to drive out from the city to visit judge Peters at “Belmont.” The estate after his death in I828 remained in the possession of his family, but, when the Columbia Railroad was built in I832, the quiet of the country-seat was disturbed by the operations of the Inclined Plane. In I867, when Fairmount Park was enlarged, “Bel mont” was acquired for public use, together with the large tracts adjoining—“Lansdowne,” “Sweet Brier,” etc. The old mansion, remodelled to some extent, was converted into a restaurant, and this it has since remained. In 1876, during the great Centennial Expo sition, the pageant field served as the site of the Agricultural Build ing. To Belmont Station at the foot of the field at the river side crowds of people came daily to visit the great international festival in honor of the one hundredth anniversary of the Declaration of American Independence. The Historical Pageant Qlunhencrs of the firming 1Barti2z MRS. MORRIS LLEWELLYN COOKE MRS. ELIZABETH F. POTTS MRS. SARA P. SNOWDEN MITCHELL MISS MARY E. PARKER MRS. SARA LOUISA OBERHOLTZER MISS MARY S. HOLMES MISS M. BERTHA STUART MRS. T. WORCESTER WORRELL MRS. FRANCIS HOWARD WILLIAMS MRS. GARDINER WILKINS MRS. ANNA REZER MRS. HELENA SCHUEHLER MRS. CHARLES L. MITCHELL MEMBERS OF THE SEWING PARTIES MISS FANNY D. ABBOT MISS REBA ozuzwoon MRS. RICHARD C. ALLEN mas. J. c. oouon MISS MARY P. ALLEN mas. ANNA o1.1~:1~m MRS. I. AMBROSE mas. WILLIAM JEFFERSON oummsxv MISS JULIA ARNER MRS. GUERNSEY A. HALLOWELL MRS. B. R. BOGGS MRS. JULIAN T. HAMMOND, JR. MRS. SYLVANIA PENN BULKLEY MISS LILLIE M. HEINSOATH MRS. IDA BULLEY MISS IDA HOLTZBAUER MRS. W. H. BROOKS MISS EMILY HOLTZBAUER MISS MARY BURROUGHS MISS MARIAN S. HILLES MRS. C. E. BUZBY MRS. FERDINAND W. HORMANN MRS. LAURA BECK MISS MARY I-IORROCKS MRS. RUDOLPH BLANKENBURG MISS ELIZA B. HORROCKS MRS. MARY HUGHES MRS. HARRY CARVER MRS. HANNAH K. HUMMEL MISS ELIZABETH CHAPMAN MRS. FRANK M. HUTCHINSON MRS. LOUISA CLARK MRS. EMELINE F. HAMMET MRS. MARTHA COOPER MRS. ROBERT T. CORSON MRS. FRANK IRISH MRS. THOMAS CREIGHTON MISS HELEN T. IDE MISS MABEL CORSON COUNTESS DE SANTA EULALIA MRS. WALTER M. JAMES MISS LENA COTTMAN mas. T. w. JACKSON MISS M. AUGUSTA CUTLER MISS DOMICELLA JEFFERIES mzs. URETTA J. JOHNSON MRS. WILLIAM DANIELS MISS GERTRUDE JOHNSON MRS. JOHN DAVIS MISS 1.11.1.1}; JACKSON MISS HELEN DEVERUX mas. 1'. w. JENKINS MRS. MARY DISNEY MRS. J. E. JONES MISS DITMAN MISS JENNIE c. JONES MRS. JAMES E. DOW MRS. ANNA R. JONES MISS ROSA DUCKWORTH MISS FLORENCE DUNLOP MISS ANNETTE DUTT MRS. CLARENCE KAEBER MRS. ROBERT KEEN MISS BARBARA V. EARHART MRS. M. KEENAN MISS BESSIE H. EARHART MISS IRMA KIRBY MISS MABEL W. EDDY MRS. JOSEPHINE KINKERTER MRS. W. EDWARDS MRS. CURTIS KUHNERT MRS. W. T. EWING MRS. L. M. EVANS MRS. GORDON LEVIS MISS EMMA ESCHSTRUTH MRS. J. BAKER LEVIS MRS. IDA ESSER MRS. LEROY LEVIS MISS LOBENGAER MRS. CHARLES A. FARNUM MISS HARRIET T. LEWIS MRS. FAUGHT MRS. SAMUEL P. LUMMUS MRS. F. L. FOWLER MRS. M. D. LEARNED Convener,Mrs.SaraOberholtzerLouisa PageantSewingParty Historical Independence AtWorkinHall Sewing Parties MEMBERS OF THE SEWING PARTIES—Continued MRS. H. E. MABURY MRS. THOMAS ROBERTS MISS SARAH MANSFIELD MRS. ELIZABETH ROBINSON MISS M. CLARA MARKLE MRS. JOSEPH MASS MISS CONNIE SALTER MRS. JAMES MEAD MRS. CARL SCHNEIDER MRS. LENA MAI-IAFFEY MRS. GRANT SHIELDS MISS EMMA T. MANN MISS LYDIA B. SMEDLEY MRS. J. CLARK MILLER MISS CAROLINE W. SMEDLEY MRS. SAMUEL V. MENCH MISS MARGARET SMITH MRS. S. MITCHELL MISS ANNA M. SMITH MRS. C. MITCHELL MRS. USELMA SMITH MISS LULU MITCHELL MRS. GEORGE H. SMITH MISS SARA MILLS MISS HANNAH C. SPARKS MRS. JOSEPH P. MUMFORD MISS MARY STUARD MRS. JOHN McBRIDE MISS ANNETTA V. STUART MISS ROSE McDONALD MISS EMILY M. STUART MRS. CHARLES P. McLEAN MRS. NELLIE STAUDENMAGER MRS. EDWARD MacINALL MRS. WALTER H. STERLING MISS SYLVANIA MacVAUGH MRS. WILLIAM STANSFIELD MRS. MARTIN NIXON-MILLER MISS EMILY F. SEAL MRS. JOSEPH STONE MRS. A. R. F. NESBITT MRS. JUSTICE TAYLOR MISS ELIZA OBERHOLTZER MRS. J. B. THOMAS MRS. CLARA OGDEN MRS. EDWARD LEE TILTON MRS. ISABEL I. OTTER MRS. MORRIS THOMAS MISS MARY THOMPSON MRS. ALFRED PEIFFER MRS. NATHAN PENNYPACKER MRS. MARY VAN DUESEN MRS. MAY PINKEHAM MISS C. VanGILDER MISS JOSEPHINE POPE MRS. CORA VICKERS MISS M. PETERSON MISS E. POTTER MRS. E. WAGER-SMITH MRS. E. POTTS MISS FLORENCE WARREN MRS. F. A. PRESSELL MRS. R. E. WILLIAMS MISS EMELINE POTTS MISS ANNA WOOLMAN MISS EDNA R. WORRELL MISS BRIDGET QUINLIVAN MRS. ANNA WILLIS MRS. MAMIE WILSON MISS ELSIE I. REIZ MRS. ROBERT WILLIAMS MISS MARTHA I. REIZ MISS SUSAN B. WRIGHT MRS. FRANK READ MRS. MAGGIE REZER MRS. RICHARD YERKES MRS. D. STUART ROBINSON MISS ELIZABETH C. YOUNG Advertisements F_i_i___E. Index to Advertisements Abrasive Material Co ...... 133 Delise, Donato ...... 185 Alphia Knitting Mills ...... I44 Dengler, Daniel S., & Son, Inc ...... 114 Alta Friendly Society ...... 106 Dennison Mfg. Co ...... 106 American Agricultural Chemical Co.. .. 115 Dick Brothers & Co ...... 102 American Dye Works 196 Dilkes, G., & Co ...... 122 American Line ...... 176 Diller, Caskey & Keen ...... 126 American Pulley Co ...... I26 Disston, Henry, 81 Sons, Inc ...... 123 Andrew's Mill Co...... 197 Doak, James G., & Co ...... 159 Apartment Flats ...... 109 Dorey, Daniel ...... 143 Autocar Company ...... 172 Dorney, James D ...... i85 Ayer, N. W._ & Son ...... 201 Dunlap Printing Co ...... 177 Barrow, W. Bruce ...... 170 Dyer, John T., Quarry Co ...... 132 Baton, Henry E ...... 159 Eagle Suspender & Belt Co., lnc.. . .. 199 Bergman, A...... 194 Eastlake Mfg. Co ...... 157 Best Kid Co ...... 120 Edgewater Finishing Co ...... 149 Bioren & C0 ...... 101 Edmonds, G. W., 8: Co ...... 136 Boch, Anthony ...... 93 Eisenmann, John, & Co...... 188 Bond, Charles, Co ...... 131 Electric Dye Works ...... 154 Bonwit, Teller & Co ...... 93 Elevator Construction & Repair Co.. .. 111 Boyertown Burial Casket Co ...... 166 Elkins, Krumbhaar & Morris ...... 98 Bradley, Milton, Co ...... 117 Ellison, John B., & Sons ...... 137 Brann & Stuart Co ...... 160 Ellsworth, A. M., Inc...... 190 Buchanan Co., Geo. H ...... 199 Empire Auto Top Co., Inc ...... 174 Burton, Andrew, Co ...... 154 Enterprise Stove Works ...... 126 Caldwell, J. E., & Co ...... 90 Ernst Bros., Bernhard ...... 199 Cantrell Construction Co ...... 160 Felton, Sibley & Co., Inc ...... 168 Capper, John ...... 192 Fenton Label Co., Inc ...... 107 Carson, John W...... 197 Finberg, Benjamin ...... 170 Carstairs 8: Brown ...... 103 Fleischmaifs, V. M., Bakery ...... 178 Carver, C. R., Co...... 195 Foerderer, Robert H., Inc ...... 118 Chandler Bros. & Co ...... 101 Foley, John A...... 192 Chapin, George W...... 194 Foster, Benjamin, Co ...... 166 Christ Bros. Mfg. Co...... 198 Frankford Vi/aste Co ...... 153 Clark's Iron Foundry ...... 127 Fraternal Mystic Circle ...... 107 Cleveland Worsted Mills Co ...... 150 Freihofer V. M. Baking Co ...... 114 Colonial Trust Co ...... 99 Fritz, Horace H ...... 169 Commonwealth Title Insurance and Gaede, Miss ...... 181 Trust Co ...... 96 Galley, Davis, & Co ...... 176 Connell, Joseph R ...... 170 Galbraith, John ...... 184 Continental Dye \i\-"orks ...... 186 Genth. Charles H ...... 183 Continental Hotel ...... 187 Girard Life Insurance Co ...... 103 Cope, E. M., & Co ...... 152 Girard National Bank ...... 102 Costello & Co ...... 159 Glase, Hall & Boles ...... 140 Cox's, C. A., Sons ...... 186 Globe Indemnity C0...... 198 Cramp, Mitchell & Shober. .. 100 Graves, N. Z., Co ...... 167 Crowther, Harry ...... 151 Grim, R. E ...... 173 Danncnbaum's, L., Son 8: Co ...... 140 Groswith. Charles T ...... 162 Day 8.: Zimmermann ...... 161 Halkett, Rogers 8: Co.. Inc...... 194 De Frain Sand Co ...... 158 Hall. Amos H., S011 & 130 88 The Historical Pageant ‘Tl Hamilton Court ...... 108 Loomis-Manning Filter Distributing Harris, T. A., & Co ...... 186 Co...... 176 Hasselberg Bros...... 197 Lorimer‘s, Wm. H., Sons’ Co ...... 155 Hastings & Co ...... 120 Lucas, John, & Co ...... 168 Harvey Carpet Co ...... 179 Lymam T'ire'& Rubber Co ...... 174 Heinemann, Geo., & Co ...... I87 McAdoo & Allen ...... 119 Hellwig Silk Dyeing Co ...... 156 McCahan, W. J., Sugar Refining Co... 110 Henry 8: West ...... 99 McKee & Co ...... 136 Herb, M ...... 186 McNeely & Price ...... 119 Hess-Bright Mfg. Co...... 127 McNiece, Wm., 8: Son ...... 126 Higgins, Robert ...... 19o Mader, Frank ...... 189 Hires Co., Charles E...... 191 Manton Mutual Fire Ins. Co ...... 104 I-Iodgson & Beatty ...... 180 Manufacturing Company of America.. 114 Hohlield Mfg, Co ...... I56 Margerison, VV. H. 8: A. E., & Co.. 148 Hoskins, Wm. H., Co ...... 165 Mark, Frank, Contracting Co ...... 161 Hotel Hanover ...... 108 Martin, John ...... 184 Hughes & Russum ...... I28 Maxwell & Berlet. Inc ...... 91 Hulton Dyeing & Finishing Co., Inc... 154 Meehan, Thomas, & Sons ...... 115 Humphrys, D. C., Co...... 198 Mellor & Petry ...... 102 Huneker & Son, Inc ...... 133 Metz, M. A ...... 144 Independence Trust Co ...... 98 Meyer, Robert ...... 155 Industrial Tape Mills Co ...... 148 Miller, Bain, Beyer & 139 Insinger Co ...... 121 Miller, Charles 169 International Mercantile Marine Lines. 176 Mitchell Bros ...... 178 Irvin, Harold C ...... 168 Montague & Co ...... 111 J. M. Shock Absorber Co ...... 173 Montgomery, \Vm., & Co ...... 111 Jackson, J. T., Co ...... 169 Moore, Alfred F ...... , ...... 163 Jefferson Fire Insurance Co ...... I05 Moore &\Vhite Co. 192 Jefferson Machine W'orks ...... 183 Moxey, Edward P., & Co ...... 103 Jermyn, W., & Sons ...... 133 1\'lueller, A. E., & Co ...... 170 Johnson, Chas. Eneu, & Co...... 188 Murphy-Parker Co ...... 122 Jordan, J. H ...... 186 Mutual Machine Works ...... 128 Kedward, Wm., Dyeing Co ...... 156 National Chewing Gum Co.. .. . 113 Keith’s, B. F., Theatre ...... 107 National Mutual Assurance Co ...... 104 Kendle, F. Mellen ...... 190 National Surety Co ...... 105 Ketcham, O. W ...... 162 Nice, Eugene E ...... 168 Keystone Coal & Coke Co ...... 136 O'Neill, Jerry, & Co ...... 185 Keystone Leather Co ...... 182 Otis Elevator Co ...... 127 Keystone Mutual Fire Insurance C0... 104 Otto Gas Engine Works ...... 128 Klebansky, Wolf ...... 188 Pabst 8: Co ...... 195 Kohn, Adler & Co ...... 140 Paiste, H. T., Co ...... 164 Kreeger & Connolly ...... 193 Park Hotel (The) ...... I09 Krewson, T. C...... 197 Patterson, Robt., & Son ...... 161 Kruinin, A. C.,& 113 Patton, Robert ...... 160 Kuhn, J. S. & W. S., Inc ...... 101 Penn Dye Works ...... 154 Lehigh Coal & Navigation Co ...... 135 Penn Mutual Life Insurance Co.. 104 Lentz, Charles, & Sons ...... 120 Pennsylvania Company for Insurances Lesher-Warner Dry Goods Co ...... 139 on Lives and Granting An11uities.. 95 Lewis, I-I. & W. H ...... 151 Péquignot, Z. J ...... 92 Lindley, George W ...... 129 Perry, Fergus ...... 155 Linton, Horace, & Bro ...... I78 Philadelphia Felt Co ...... 152 Lippincott, J. B., Co ...... 116 Philadelphia Gear Works ...... 182 Lippincott, Johnson 81 Co ...... I79 Philadelphia Metallic Bed‘ Co ...... 121 Liverpool and London and Globe Ins. Philadelphia Sash \Veight Works..... 129 Co., Ltd. 198 Philadelphia Saving Fund Society..... 94 Logan Trust Co ...... 99 Philadelphia Textile Machinery Co.... 128 Phosphor Bronze Smelting Co ...... I32 /ltl‘()@7‘lZ'.S‘€7fl612l.§‘ 89 El Pilling & Madeley, Inc...... 193 Southwestern National Bank ...... 98 Pioneer Suspender Co ...... 141 Sower, Christopher, Co ...... 117 Provident Life & Trust Co ...... 97 Sprague Worsted Mills ...... 199 Prudential Worsted C0 ...... 150 Standard Refrigerator Co ...... 177 Pullman Taxicab Cb ...... I71 Star & Crescent Co ...... 150 Ran, William H ...... 195 Stead 8: Miller Co ...... 146 Read, Wm. F., & Sons Co ...... 143 Sternberger, Samuel, Co ...... 143 Reilly, Thomas ...... 183 Supplee Hardware Co ...... 131 Renner, M ...... 121 Swoyer, Jos. D., 81 Co ...... 14.2 Reyburn Mfg. Co ...... 120 Taulane, Lewis A...... 187 Ridgway Refrigerator Co...... 198 Tioga Steel & Iron Co ...... 198 Riehm Knitting Mills, Inc ...... 152 The Autocar Co...... 172 Rienzi, Luigi ...... 92 The Park Hotel ...... 109 Rittenhouse (The) ...... 108 The Rittenhouse ...... 108 Roberts Electric Supply Co., H. 165 The Royal ...... 109 Roberts Embroidery Co ...... 153 Thomson, Peter ...... 93 Roelofs, Henry H., 8: Co ...... 145 Thurber, Stephen ...... 183 Roosevelt Worsted Mills ...... 194 Turner Concrete Steel Co...... I89 Royal (The) ...... 109 Union Casualty Insurance Co...... 180 Royle, George, & Co ...... 149 Union Paving Co ...... 162 Samuel, Frank ...... 129 United Fruit Co ...... 175 Saunders, W. B., Co ...... 202 Universal Dye Works ...... 151 Schell, Longstreth 8: Co ...... 142 Walton, Jacob VV., Sons ...... 115 Schnitzler, Charles H ...... 121 Warnick, Benjamin C., & Co ...... 99 Scholler Bros. Co ...... 157 VI/ebb, Charles J., 81 Co ...... 142 Schrack 81 Sherwood ...... 166 Weber, F., 8: Co ...... 165 Schwarz Wheel Co ...... 173 Weightman Hotels ...... 108-109 Schweigart Bros...... 196 Weimar Brothers ...... 147 Schwenk & Caldwell ...... 114 Wenger, Morris, Inc ...... 181 Sellers, Wm., 8: Co., Inc ...... 125 Westmoreland Coal Co ...... 134 Sheip 8: Vandegrift, Inc...... 191 Wetherill, Geo. D., & Co., Inc ...... 184 Sheppard, Isaac A., 81 Co ...... 124 Whetstone & Co., Inc ...... 130 Shoemaker, Benjamin H ...... 130 Whiteside & McLanahan ...... I69 Siefert, Theo. F ...... 92 Wick Narrow Fabric Co ...... 146 Siner, I-I. M. 81. C. B ...... 200 Williamson 8: Cassedy ...... 131 Smalley, W. V...... 193 Wilson, James L., 8: Co ...... 141 Schmalzbach, S...... 181 Wilson, Wm. H., & Co...... 187 Smedley Bros. Co...... 198 \Volf & Co...... 197 Smith, H. B., Co ...... 177 \Volfington's, Alex., Son ...... 174 Smith, Robert, Sons ...... 113 VI/oll, F. P., & Co...... 198 Smith, Thomas B., Co ...... 105 Young, Charles VV., & Co ...... 112 Southern, Wm. B ...... 165 Young, Smyth, Field Co ...... 138 90 The Historical Pageant @=J|||]||1.. ‘ ' 5-=:‘% .E_|»— nl|Ti|J|%: ""'"':§||||||||||||||||m..RR» l".I=II'%‘!-lIIII'%%?.%;.~.~mifililllllllllllllll"V . IN ALL THE POMPS AND DAGEANTS o1= TI-IE WORLD. THE IEWEL HAS BEEN PRE-EMINENTLY THE FORE’ _fi\ MOST DECORATION. THE CALDWELL COLLECTIONS DRE ,.:.;%§!I:=_=:-:11 SENT MOST UNUSUAL ADVANTAGES FORTI-IE SELECTION or RARE PEARLS ANDANDQUALITY PEARL COLORED IN INDIVIDUALITY. NECKLACES, MOUNTINGS GEMS OF DIAMONDS o1= HIGHEST UNIQUE ll...... %E%:I| .l!‘L!l Illlllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll|l|li%'E%%%¥%%' F .|| |\|!|!![|_'||_'ll_ll.'.I,'!','§.‘I','l'!!I%\.‘*.'. .Q. ‘P-23 I‘ kn "I ‘QL'i§\ _lzp_‘>.‘.'-‘:.:ll|| F In E. I’-, '2 . ,|_.'>,..'~l' ...,_ ’~ € ‘n_ -‘= -,-~‘£§41_¥.@_@... ¢r-Ev \ 1 ‘I-»_ AI ~ — L <- 5545 ’ |.\_{"\b; J“ vs)‘; .,)_‘ . -_ - T( v, ‘ I I! D 'A :!::-- \Vl I =1 \ r',‘@?.1I'E§'.-I-—|ii'=@~‘-3~¢" . T \ Gflawe//E 5‘ @”"P‘Z'P’Q ‘>20 9 02,616 J%il;?&:l;hza)m 1 z¢§°1 z JEWELERE “3‘\T¢"E$ SILVERSMITIIS H - \ I / A: Z VI _ .\.' '-'-Z"i'i;l -4 — _ -4'1.‘ \~ i " .'r_=_\, . Iii|i';»:="1-!fl‘ J) '‘.5, \ H ‘ 55'-.‘_*. ‘ . 111., [:7-'. I _. j % jA i 1 _— 3 -~ A ’,% Advertisements 9I —- 41 PENDANT—TECI_A SAPPHIRE AND GENUINE DIAMONDS BAYADERE-TECLA PEARLS AND GENUINE DIAMONDS COURTESY or MAXWELL dz BERLET, INCORPORATED WALNUT STREET AT 16TH. PHILADELPHIA IVIARLBOROUGH-BLENHEIM. ATLANTIC Crrv, N. J. so1.E PHILADELPHIA AND ATLANTIC CITY AGENTS 1-on TEICLA \ FWWWE92 The H istorical Pageant l~ WW z. J. PEQUIGNOT Tam JEWELS IMPORTER OF K PEARLS AND NECKLACES q‘ CREATOR OF COLLIERS ii PLAQUES’ TIARAS AND OTHER JEWELED ADORNMENTS 1831 WALNUT STREET |~ LUIGI RIENZI IMPORTER I7 l 4 Walnut Street Philadelphia Millinery Furs Gowns 11i2e>W(c./butt §C/uuzi For all occasions Philadelphia THIRD CITY. U. S. A. Advertisements 93 FAA A Chestnut and Thirteenth Streets Announce An Authoritative Display of Autumn and Winter Fashions High Grade Wearing Apparel for Women. Misses and Girls Importations direct from the most important Coutouriers of Europe together with our own creations, and the choicest motifs of the foremost American makers are on view. Our styles you will find exclusive and our prices decidedly moderate. BONWIT. TELLER ta Co. New York PHILADELPHIA Paris Sailor Suits a Specialty No Agencies Made to Order Only ANTHONY BOCH 129 South Thirteenth Street (new location) PETER THOMSON Qliailur Wig Making For Men, Women and Children and Ladies’ Hair Goods lll8 WALNUT STREET ~ PHILADELPHIA H AND 634 FIFTH AVENUE opposite S1. Patrick's Cathedral F urnisher of all the wigs and NEW YORK, N. Y. making-up for this Pageant LEI 5 El] 94 The Historical Pageant The Philadelphia Saving Fund Society 700 to 710 Walnut Street Established December 2, I816 Incorporated February 25, 1819 THE PRESENT OFFICE BUILDING of THE OLDEST SAVING BANK IN AMERICA July I, 1912 Assets, $120,-188,400.81 Deposits, $l07,678,256.96 Number of Depositors, 276,978 OFFICERS G. COLESBERRY PURVES, President JAMES M. WILLCOX, Vice-President SAMUEL WOODWARD, Secretary and Treasurer ALVIN S. FENIMORE, Assistant Secretary THOMAS J. BECK, Assistant Treasurer J. PERCY KEATING, Solicitor MANAGERS John T. Lewis, Jr. C. S. W. Packard George McCall Edward H. Coates J. Rodman Paul Henry H. Collins H. W. Biddle Charles E. Ingersoll Charles B. Penrose, M.D. John T. Morris G. C. Purves John B. Morgan G. Assheton Carson T. DeWit\ Cuyler James Logan Fisher Effingham B. Morris Francis I. Gowen Robert C. Drayton Arthur E. Newbold john W. Pepper Alba B. Johnson William W. Justice Charles Biddle Francis A. Lewis ROBERT H. FELS, Comptroller Advertisements 95 1912 The Pennsylvania Company for Insurances on Lives and Granting Annuities Trust and Safe Deposit Company Capital, $2,000,000 Surplus, $4,000,000 517 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia Broad Street Office, Franklin Bank Building C. S. W. PACKARD, President Invites Accounts of Individuals and Corporations Trusts of every description Executed Safe Deposit Boxes Rented Makes Loans on First Mortgages on Improved Real Estate A 96 The Historical Pageant CAPITAL. $1,000,000.00 SURPLUS, $1,250,000.00 Zllihe Qllummuntnealth illitle Ellnsuranre anh Ulirust Qliumpanp Chestnut and Twelfth Streets PHILADELPHIA Pays Interest on Daily Balances iii Insures Titles to Real Estate Rents Safe Deposit Boxes $3 to $100 Takes Entire Charge of Real Estate Acts as Executor. Administrator. Guardian and Trustee Wills Receipted For and Kept Without Charge WE INVITE YOUR BUSINESS DIMNER BEEBER JAMES V. ELLISON President Treasurer L=___ii_iE Advertisements ~E The Provident Life and Trust Co., of Philadelphia, P21. ‘ll Accounts Solicited ql Deposits by Mail ll ‘ll Monthly Statements by Mail ‘ll Travelers’ Cheques Write for Leaflet 401 Chestnut Street Fi—___'E‘?_—i—_"7ll98 The Historical Pageant Independence Trust Company THE NORTH AMERICAN BUILDING Capital and Surplus - $1,800,000 Transacts a general Trust Company business. Acts as Administrator, Executor. Guardian. Trustee. Assignee. etc. Pays interest on deposits. Safe deposit vaults. DIRECTORS CHARLES B. DUNN. President RODMAN WANAMAKER CHRISTIAN C. FEBIGER WILLIAM L. NEVIN JAMES DOBSON ROBERT M. COYLE W. FREDERICK SNYDER LOUIS s. PISKE JOHN J. COLLIER JOHN c. LOWRY J. ERNEST RICHARDS ROBERT R. DUNN éuutbtnrstern ELKINS. KRUMBHAAR National Zfiank AND MORRIS Broad and South Streets BANKERS Philadelphia LAND TITLE BUILDING President WILLIAM J. BARR Vice President JOHN HUNTER Investment Securities Cashier JOHN T. SCOTT, Jr. Assistant Cashier GEORGE H. WIGGINS Allow lnterest on Deposit Make Loans Subject to Approved Collateral DIRECTORS William Barr Charles Young 0' John Hunter William Kelley Edmund Webster William S. Fox Christopher Gallagher John ]. Hitschler MEMBERS john T. Scott, Jr. John M. Dotterer Jacob C. Kahn New York and Philadelphia Stock Exchanges Advertisements 99 ~fi ILOGAN TRUST (IOMPANY OF PHILADELPHIA 1-L31 C111-:s'1'.\'L'1' STREET “T Y t w k” HENRY & WEST °° °“*‘g ° °' BANKERS l4l 7 Chestnut Street PHILADELPHIA A general Banlting Business transacted. Fiscal Agents for Railroads and other Corpora -—the time between is alarm lions. ingly short. Capitalize it by Dealers in high-grade Investment Securities. opening one of the new ' III limited checking accounts in _ Interest allowed on Deposit Accounts. the Colonial Saving Fund—it encourages economy and your Members New York and Philadelphia savings work for you. Four Stock Exchanges cheques a month allowed with _ out notice in the Saving Fund We always have on hand a list of high-grade Department. Send for dcgcrip Bond5_ tive circular or call today. Correspondence invited. The Colonial Trust Company lnlormation concerning Securities you hold or _ contemplate purchasing will he Ma-l'k€t at ThlTt€€nth ‘“"*‘*"°‘* °" '°""“‘ Philadelphia BEJJAMIN C. WARNICK & C0. I)IVIli)ENI) ANI) INTEREST BEARING G( )LI) I)REI )GrING SE(.‘L'-RI'l‘IES 131 SOU’l‘I—I FOL'RTH STREED PIIILADl'JLI’I—IIA T ~- I I A »-?- _~_-__~_.._.._- -_A._.____ FWEWWI00 The Historical Pageant CRAMP, MITCHELL 8:. SHOBER BANKERS INTEREST ALLOWED ON DEPOSITS TRAVELLERS' LETTERS OF CREDIT AND DRAFTS ISSUED PAYABLE IN THE PRINCIPAL CITIES OF EUROPE INVESTMENT SECURITIES MEMBERS PHILADELPHIA STOCK EXCHANGE NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE 1411 CHESTNUT STREET PHILADELPHIA fldvertisernents IOI ll: ‘WI CHICAGO PITTSBURGH NEW YORK First National Bank Bldg. Bank for Savings Bldg. 37 Wall Street J. S. & W. S. KUHN INCORPORATED INVESTMENT BANKERS LONDON, ENG. PHILADELPHIA BOSTON Pinner's Hall, Austin Friars Real Estate Trust Bldg. Kuhn, Fisher 82., C0. ESTABLISHED I865 & BANKERS Philadelphia Ofice: 1338 Chestnut Street BIOREN & CO. N... Y...|., N. Y.: 111 B.....1w., Boston, Mass.: 24 Milk Street Lancaster, Pa.: Woolworth Building L0lld0ll: 5 Copthall C0111’! We invite inquiries from those consider ing the purchase or sale of investment Investment Securities securities and take pleasure in placing our facilities at their disposal. Our investment department is especially Membfl, equipped to assist private investors and Philadelphia and New York SIOCR Exchanges institutions in the selection of securities most suitable for their requirements. L.ii_E._-i____.Al I02 The Historical Pageant NE ol Philadelphia's leading banking institu tions is The Girard National Bank, located at II6 South Third Street in the original building erected by the Bank of the United States in I795. This building was purchased by Stephen Girard in ISI 5, and occupied by him until his death in I83I and by the Girard Bank and the Girard National Bank since I832. Capital - - - $2,000,000 Surplus and Undivided Profits 4,900,000 Resources - - - 50,000,000 High Grade Investment Securities IVIELLOR & PETRY STOCKS, BONDS INVESTMENT SECURITIES Sis I421 CHESTNUT STREET PHILADELPHIA Dick Brothers fr Co. Mm 0, New York Stock Exchange B ankel.-S Philadelphia Stock Exchange Philadelphia New York [EAAE Advertisements I03 %i~ Girard Life Insurance Company Philadelphia OFFICERS NATHAN T. POLWELL. President RICHARD H. WALLACE. Vice President ALBERT SHORT. Secretary JOSEPH S. POTTER. Treasurer The GIRARD LIFE is issuing A Special Guaranteed Premium Reduction Policy at a very low rate. Ask for a copy of it. and it will be furnished by mail. without any obligation on your part. Edward P. Moxey & Co. Certified Public Accountants Carstairs fr Brown EDWARD P. MOXEY, C. P. A. EDWARD P. MOXEY, Jr., C. P. A. BROKERS Accountancy in all its Branches Ior PUBLIC AND PRIVATE I424 WALNUT STREET CORPORATIONS, FIRMS AND INDIVIDUALS. Members EXAMINATIONS AND AUDITS Philadelphia Stock Exchange New York Cotton Exchange OF BANKS AND TRUST COMPANIES A SPECIALTY IZOI-4 Real Estate Trust Building Philadelphia, Pa. Al I04 The Historical Pageant F M - Keystone Mutual Fire Insurance Company 1'.O 8 lT101'lt1'l or PHILADELPHIA, PA. as long as you live; Net Surplus to Policy $2,067,084.63 Holders December 31, 1911 Present Rate of Dividend, 90'/1'» OFFICERS 10 to a I-nonth FREDERICK A. nowuss, President and Treasurer JOHN T. BOTTOMLEY, First Vice President SIMON MILLER, Second Vice President to W1 of e a f ter you do 1e .' WILLIAM M. BURGESS, ,,,,.Ec..,RS Secretary John T. Bottomley Frederick A. Downcs Simon Miller D. M. Good John R. Williams Maurice I-I. Masland Henry F. Mitchell Joseph Bancroft Stirling H. Thomas E. M. C. Africa John C. Lowry C. F. C. Stout Every Month e Manton in Every Year Mutual Fire Insurance Company OF PHILADELPHIA, PA. Net Surplus to Policy Holders December 31, 1911 $1,888,118.82 Present Rate of Dividend, 90% during the life of your QFFICERS Wllfi _ Of ¢h1ld _ a Cemfll _ ii‘/’rSrErP1‘rl~l"ir‘l°1§r§’1§r-Ti@§'s'.°FREDERICK A. DOWN_ES, °s§li‘.i‘§'.°y“‘ President and Treasurer definite income can be DIRECTORS arranged to be paid _ them was.(S;imon Iglillera .t..:. N " I Y ....".".=t..%ECdC!'(IiCl;wA.MI)O5V1'lCS W-....:.:.Y l l s Time itself i‘ A“1'.'°°1‘iwh“‘ Jr‘ii"' B“? o reg“ at Y a , Jgseph m . Bancroft? amm r William omas S. . Dulling a This new financial serv ice will be assumed by National Mutual Assurance Company OF PHILADELPHIA, PA. Net Surplus to Policy Holders December 31, 1911 P Present lraietfsrffal-Dlitistiend, 85% Life lnsm-an<;e C0, €v‘lE2El‘.‘.°§. /.2-...'e.s>.¥?*¢§2'.*::::*.;2;:* OFFICERS WILLIAM M. BURGESS, Secretary DIRECTORS 0F PHILADELPHIA rhzriiiics. Fr d ‘ k A. Gayown D es W'll' Sifnt;1imMiller I-I. S11 “P Ashley P. Hunter John '1‘. Wolfenden Joseph P. Truitt, Jr. Frederick Fries Thomas S. Safford William M. Burgess William D. Whitaker Main Offices ORGANIZED 1847 9'11-923-925 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia The above Companies insure only large Manufacturing and Warehouse Properties of good construction, approved occupancy, and properly protected with modern fifc pro tectivc apparatus. Send name addfg55 and data Qf biffh Members of the Associated Factory Mutual ’ ’ _ Fire Insurance Companies for Pflfl1¢l1l@l'$ Expert information and advice supplied gratuitous] on all questions of Modern Construction, Fire Protection. ‘lec L lrical I Equipments, Valuations. and Policy Forms on applica Q] FNEN Advertisements I05 The JEFFER S ON Fire Insurance C0. of Philadelphia DIRECTORS E. T. STOTESBURY CLEMENT B. NEWBOLD S. PEMBERTON HUTCHINSON GEORGE H. FRAZIER GEORGE McPADDEN GEORGE Q. HORWITZ SYDNEY E. HUTCHINSON ALEX. N. STEWART S. LAURENCE BODINE E. F. RIVINUS ALEXANDER N. STEWART. President S. LAURENCE BODINE. Vice President SAMUEL W. SCOTT. Secretary I 520 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. Pa. __A_E,A_Ag; I06 The Historical Pageant F E______‘Ell UB1): %IIta Jfrienhlp éntietp 1622 ARCH STREET Admitted Assets Total Claims Paid $506,033.00 $3,245,506.51 Insurance against Sickness. Accident and Death MONTHLY PREMIUMS i. Xv Wq .-1% ' WTUIIKR AT FR AAAA N1) aaaa LMAD. '~ 4. ...;_;_ @onniooII/ elxlw ifqelin/i,t'IIIg go. THE TAG MAKERS ESTABLISHED I 644 Now operating six large stores and thirty-five sales offices in leading cities of the United States and Canada. and manufacturing, not only nine hundred and twenty-eight different sizes and grades of TAGS but GUMMED LABELS. EMBOSSED SEALS. GUMMED PAPER ADHESIVES. SEALING WAX. PAPER NOVELTIES. CREPE PAPER FINE PAPER BOXES. ]EWELERS' CASES AND FINDINGS Boston New York Philadelphia Chicago St. Louis .Eii__i.gl| Advertisements I07 lF|~%i B. F. Keith’s Theatre J1’ raternal Vaudevms fillpsttt Qlitrtlt Grand Historical pageant A Fraternal Beneficiary Society Comprising the world's Greatest Variety Acts Incorporated Under the Laws of Pennsylvania may be seen Winter and Summer through out the entire year. One of the Oldest Fraternals Founded in 1884 $5,500,000 Secure Seat: in Advance Paid to Beneficiaries and Members Men and Women Admitted on Equal Terms Wide Scope of Plans The Oflicial Seals advertising S_ k Death d A Benefits _d ‘ B fi 1C 1'1CsS an CCI Cn CDC IS the Historical Pageant were Permanent Total Disability Benefits manufactured by Old Age Disability Benefits The Fenton Label Co. Paid-Up and L°”" Extended Insurance and Adequate Rates Incorporated National Fraternal Congress and American 9th and Thompson Streets E*P"*="¢= Tables Phil d I hi P Beautiful and Impressive Ritualistic Work a e p a, a. Representative Form of Government Who make gummed labels A National Organization and advertising s t i c k c r s EXCLUSIVELY in the _ HOME OFFICE largest and_ _ best _ equlpped 1913 ARCH srmasr plant of 1ts kmd 1n the world. PH"_ADELPH|A, PA_ LMEMA I08 The Historical Pageant Weightman Hotels THE RITTENHOUSE Twenty-Second and Chestnut Streets R. R. VAN GILDER, Manager HOTEL HANOVER Twelfth and Arch Streets CLAUDE M. MOHR, Manager HAMILTON COURT Thirty-Ninth and Chestnut Streets R. H. THATCHER, Manager %i~ Advertisements ‘ I09 I Weightman Hotels THE ROYAL Broad Street above Girard Avenue CHAS. DUFFY, Manager THE PARK HOTEL Williamsport, Pa. CHARLES L. MISH, Manager APARTMENT FLATS Thirty-Eighth and Chestnut Streets WEIGHTMAN ESTATE I336 Walnut Street t~—-~ I IO The Historical Pageant FI~%: W. J. McCAHAN R. S. POMEROY W. J. McCAHAN, Jr. JAMES M. McCAHAN President Treasurer Secretary Manager @~l§l THE W. J. McCAHAN SUGAR REFINING CO. fluua h.suw-luau Sn Otunnni mm: REFINERY S ' l G TASKER STREET WHARF Piers 67, 68 and 69 South Wharvel DELAWARE RIVER Cubes, Powdered, Granulated, Fine Granulated, Coarse Granulated, SUGAR HOUSE Extra A, Confectioners’ A, Extra BB, N°'thw°'t C°"'°r Ema cc, Yellows, ll, 12, 13, 14. I5 WATER 5'2 MORRIS STREETS OFFICES Front and Chestnut Streets, Philadelphia LLERZJ A ahvertise/n ents I I I UTMONTA ~| I: st C.w$l§‘§‘fr“'ii.‘lt€§°'€3.?‘Hl23LTSl.€§f'i>".i QANDYEI "'-'2“ _ Store Addresses 112 Market Street _ v_--A ~‘ ' 1040 Market Street » r V __-‘ _ ' 5 ‘ 1" g _ 1223 Market Street " , _4\‘_ " I ‘ 1238 Market Street ' I’. . _._ .1 W. ‘ ‘ ' _ ' 52d & Market Sts. nm_Ti"- I __ I,‘ 7,, . _ 4 11 South 15th St. ' , - ~ -I ’ 10 South Broad St. 728 Chestnut St. 4004 Lancaster Av. 39th & Sansom Sts. 5165 Haverford Av. 24 South 52d St. MONTCO. BRAND WM. MONTGOMERY 81 CO. Wholesale Grocers 999 North Second Street Philadelphia Bell Phone—MarIret I940 For Nizht Use, Bell Phone—Belmont 4355-A Keystone Phone—Muin Z531 Elevator Construction and Repair Co. GEO. M. HAINES. President WM. P. HAINES. Msnaeer ELEVATOR REPAIRS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION HYDRAULIC WORK A SPECIALTY House Pumps and Elevator Tanks Installed and Repaired. Regular and Special Inspections Made We Carry a Full Line of Parts for General Repairs Ll 621-623 COMMERCE EA_____J ST.. PHILADELPHIA 112 The Historical Pageant It marked the beginning of a new era in the soap industry A notable event in the history of Phila delphia was in 1877, when Pearl Borax Soap was first placed on the market. Before this time soap was just soap, but since 1877 Pearl Borax Soap has set a standard for all others. There are housekeepers today using Pearl Borax Soap, who purchased almost the first cake ever sold, and never in 35 years found anything better. There are imitations but only one genuine Young's Pearl Borax Soap, accept no substitutes. Made in Philadelphia by Chas. W. Young & Co Makers of Soaps of Merit Advertisements 1 I 3 lF'_{'—__——‘E USE THE WHEN YOU PURE USE GUM GUM EXCITES APPETITE QUIETS NERVES CLEANSES TEETH PROMOTES DIGESTION The chewing of gum as a means of cleansing the mouth was advocated. AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. GLUCOSE PARAFFINE CQLQRING S COMPANY ADULT ERANTS PHILADELPHIA, PA., U. s. A. Established 1866 KRUMM’S 18111? Qflgg ifiruhunts have been famous for almost a half century ~ Qtuntinental ieranb (IE5!!! ilfiuuhles Celebrated EGG MACARONI SPAGHETTI and ELBOWS ~l Sold by all Grocers A trial will prove the quality L__}__-,_=-_____---_-iell Made by A. C. KRUMM & SON. 114 The Historical Pageant F M Full Line of Soda Fountain Supplies -u~.i\i_.»1.~1\~ito» ‘AFTER 'Dlll\l‘.i\l.E‘..'-"1 l|‘?lll\l'Tl" ~ Dainty Creams that melt in the mouth, Daniel S. Dengler leaving a refresh ing mint flavor. 8 SO11. Inc Sold Only in Air Tight Tins Importers and Wholesale Dealers in Never in Shelled Nuts B all: Confectioners’ 'V*'4A1¢LI.i*'lN-O* é Supplies as-J '§M.‘lLNl'I.‘ cii-iiswmo swi Corn Syrup. Flavors, Colors. etc. 102 Chestnut Street The Gum with the U-ALL-NO Mint Flavor Philadelphia Manufacturing Company of America Philadelphia, U. S. A. High Cost .1 of Living Standard of American Quality is largely the fault of the con sumer. Rosedale Chocolate BREAD and Cocoa the finest on the market and sold by all dealers at Vienna Quaker Shaker greatly reduced prices. Study your wants more closely and Butter-Krust follow up prices and you can see how you can reduce the cost of living. Start in with Rosedale Chocolate and Cocoa $81-%O/€F;d and you will have the best for Egg Elbow Macaroni the least money. M SCHWENK & CALDWELL 35 North 3rd Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Pure Foods of the Highest Excellence Advertisements I 15 The American Agricultural Chemical Company Manufacturers of ALL GRADES OF COMMERCIAL The Fertilizers House of Meehan 1854-1912 Pioneer Nurserymen Philadelphia Office of America 897 DREXEL BUILDING There were few gardens and little interest displayed in trees and plants Fifth and Chestnut Streets in 1854, the year when the late Professor Thomas Meehan founded this house. In m~ Little by little that small begin ESTABLISHED 1 853 ning, fifty-eight years ago, grew until today the annual output is amazing. Almost three hundred acres are under intensive cultivation, forty of Jacob W. Walton Sons which are within the city limits of Philadelphia. In addition to the home production, great quantities of stock are imported. This spring alone seventy-six carloads of rare trees Horn Comb and plants were procured from the largest establishments in Europe. Manufacturers Shipments go to all parts of the world. Every garden owner and plant FRANKFORD lover will find a wealth of interesting DIIILADELDIIIA, DA. reading in the large plant book at present being circulated. ll/rite for a copy. Thomas Meehan 8: Sons JOHN WALTON WILLIAM H. WALTON CHAI- LES E. WAL'l ON Box 100, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pa. _____i_Ell 116 The Historical Pageant HE’ El Every American should Read these Books Biography is the Eye of History The “True” Biographies and Histories “ The Truth, the whole Truth, and nothing but the Truth ” The True Andrew Jackson The True Henry Clay By CYRUS TOWNSEND BRADY B1 JOSEPH M. ROGERS Mr. Brady has studied the career of our seventh “The book gives the best idea of Henry Clay that President for many years and his book is a notable has ever been presented in any work devoted to the gathering of evidence in the way of opinions and famous statesman. It contains an immense stock of anecdotes traced back to authentic sources. anecdotes and is profusely illustrated. It is a most valuable contribution to the history of the progress and politics of the country/‘%St_ Louis Star. The True Abraham Lincoln B! WILLIAM ELEROY CURTIS The True Thomas Jefferson “lt is a book to make Americans feel proud and By WILLIAM ELEROY corms grateful . . . One that every young American _ "The volume is particularly worth reading because should rcad."——Pi!t:burgli Gasette. it revives the many_-sided nature and activity of a truly great man."—S/iringfivld Republican. The True William Penn The True Benjamin Franklin By SYDNEY GEORGE FISHER By SYDNEY GEORGE FISHER “Mr. Fisher has deli hted in presenting the whole “Mr. Fisher has done his work with painstaking story of this delightful y complex, high-spirited man, care and skill. He writes clearly, frankly, and with and the record makes most excellent reading, and out prejudice."—Pl1iIndel[1Iu'a Evvnirig Bulletin. gives. besides, a very striking picture of the times in which Penn lived.”—Thc Interior, Chicago. The True History of the American The True George Washington Revolution By SYDNEY GEORGE FISHER By PAUL LEICESTER FORD “Mr. Fisher argues that we want the facts, and he "This work challenges attention for the really valu proceeds to give them to us from the writings and able light which it throws upon the character of testimony of actors in the great events, making a George \\'ashington. The picture which Mr. Ford hook that students of our lustor cannot afford to hero draws of him is careful, life-like, and impressive slight, as it is the result of care ul research, and is in the ex1ren1e."~—P!|iIadclpllia E2.-cning Bulletin. original in its conclusions."—;'\'ew York Tribune. The True History of the Civil War The True Patrick Henry BY GEORGE MORGAN By GUY CARLETON LE As Mr. Morgan had access to the accumulated “\\'ritten without partiality . . . of the South Henry papers of a hundred years, including many as a Southerner, of the North as a Northerner, and unused \\'irt originals, he has availed himself of this withal as an American. The most satisfactory of the opportunity to put much important new historical short histories of the Civil \\-'ar."—Baln'more Sun. matter into the book. The True Daniel Webster By SYDNEY GEORGE FISHER The author has given us a true history of the life of this great man, telling facts without fear or favor, and giving much new information. With 24 full-page illustrations -—portraits, appropriate views, and fac-similes~—in each volume. Crown, 8vo. Per volume: Cloth, $2.00 net ; half levant, $5.00 net. Important Historical Works A Short History of the United The Struggle for American States Navy Independence By CAPTAIN GEORGE R. CLARK, U. S. N., PROF. WM. O. STEVENS, Ph.D., By SYDNEY GEORGE FISHER INSTRUCTOR CARROLL S. ALDEN, Ph.D., This valuable contribution to American historical INSTRUCTOR HERMAN F. KRAFFT, Ph.D., literature is a comprehensive history of the whole of the Department of English, U. S. Naval revolutionary movement from a point of view quite different from the usual one. .A\ rt-at deal of the Academy original evidence. which has hereto ore been ignored All that is of importance and interest in the suc by historians, is brought to light and made accessible cessful career of our Nav -, is contained in this latest to the ordinary reader. The military strategy of both work upon the subject. l‘he charts. maps, painting5 the American and the British armies, and the naval and photographs are chosen from a large assortment, strategy and tactics of France and England are gone and form a most valuable supplement to the text. into H1 more detail than ever before. With 16 full-page illustrations and many pictures and maps in the text. Large 12mo. With illustrations and maps. Two volumes. Cloth, $3.00 net. Postpaid, $3.20 net Crown octavo. Cloth, gilt top. $4.00 net, per set. Publishers J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY Philadelphia L Advertiserne-nts I I7 CHRISTOPHER SOWER COM PANY 124 North Eighteenth Street, Philadelphia EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS THE OLDEST PUBLISHING HOUSE IN AMERICA ESTABLISHED IN 1738 by CHRISTOPHER SAUR President V in-Prerident and 11/Ianager Srcretary and Treasurer Albert M. Sdwer James L. Pennypacker Daniel B. Hassan SOME WELL-KNOWN AUTHORS: Dr. Edward Brooks Dr. John W. I-Iarshberger Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh Dr. George W. Flounders Miss Anne H. Hall Dr. Lloyd Balderston Dr. George M. Philips Dr. J. Willis Westlake Dr. James M. Coughlin Dr. A. J. Demarest Mrs. Edwin C. Grice Dr. Judson P. Welsh motto: ' GOOD BOOKS GOOD FRIENDS LONG LIFE i MILTON BRADLEY COMPANY Manufacturers of Kindergarten Sugglies In Use in All of the Important Cities in the Country Send for 100 Page Illzutrated Catalog Manufacturers of the Famous Bradley Games and Home Amusements Also M akers of SCHOOL DRAWING SUPPLIES WATER COLORS INDUSTRIAL ART MATERIALS Send for New Manual Am Catalog Publishers of the Best of Books for Primary Schools, Kindergarten and the Home THE BRADLEY STORES ARE EDUCATIONAL MUSEUMS The Philadelphia one is at 1209 Arch Street MILTON BRADLEY COM PANY L.___ii______i_.J 1209 Arch Street ’ L. L. NARAMORE, Mgr. PHILADELPHIA II8- The Historical Pageant ~:§1~fiI The Qriginators and Qnly Manufacturers of VICI KID soapomrrzo '~\.";'._. ,_\,_.,—.-J U“. _ 1 Ladies and Gentlemen of taste and refinement have given great popularity to shoes made of VICI KID Robert H. Foerderer, Inc., Philadelphia I15-__a._=__i__.J Advertisements I I9 McNEELY fa‘ PRICE PHILADELPHIA. PA.. U. S. A. 329-333 North Third Street Philadelphia, Pa. I20 The Historical Pageant and others who are much "ON THEIR FEET,” find relief and comfort in the wearing of our All-Metal Instep Arch Supporters No special shoes required. Self-Diagnosed Rheumatism and “ That Tired Feeling” in the lower limbs are in a vast number of cases due to a certain degree of weakness in the bony structure of the arch. The Arch Supporter corrects the structure, thereby removing the cause of the pain. Physicians recommend them. \Ve solicit the worst cases. Private fitting rooms. Lady attendants. Charles Lentz & Sons Maker: of Surgical Instruments 1% '4" _v I/rralid am! Sltvt" I\’0nm Rrqni.n'!r.\ ' » -~ H ._. *_“_- 1 ii ii llth above Market Street Philadelphia ' LEN-I-Z 8‘ SONS Hastings 81, Co. BEST KID COMPANY Cl 0 L D Leather L E A F Manufacturers Leopard and Wildey Streets 817-821 Filbert Street Phi1==1<1¢1Phi=- Pa Philadelphia The Reyburn Manufacturing Company Ii] PAPER SPECIALTIES Ii] TAGS. TICKETS, LABELS Allegheny Avenue and 23d Street - - Philadelphia, Pa. |%1~igrl FLELEU /Idevertisements I21 Philadelphia Metallic Bed Company _ American and Jefferson Streets ‘He In s 1 n g e r E. “Indestructible” M.....am-6.. of Dish Washing Brass and Iron Beds Maghine ‘Q Sanitary Steel Couches -i Bed Springs of Every Wayne Junction Description Philadelphia. Pa. Institution Beds M. RENNER 403 and 405 Vine Street Philadelphia :5 CHARLES H. SCHNITZLER Maker of the Large“ 215 Philadelphia, North Second P: S ree I Flag, Awning , and Tent Patentee and Sole Manufacturer of The Pneumatic Conveyor in the World For the handling of wool and cotton stock, Z rags, excelsior, jute and all kinds of fibrous material, wet or dry. Also spool elevators, steam heating and ventilating and mill ' ' work generally. Blower and fan work a Tents and Canoples to Hue specialty. This conveyor is patented. guamnmi Beware of infringements. Satisfaction Flags All Sizes - LLELJ F_i_*i_—_'E_i__i'fi| I22 T/ze Historical Pageant G. DILKES £3 CQMPANY Uliailnrs :21 J1’ urriers A Suite 21 3-214 Baker Building. 1 520-22 Chestnut Street Philadelphia ~ Men’s and W0men’s Garments of the better sort. We show the finest qualities of imported fabrics. Fur Lined Garments, Fur Coats and Sets, ready to wear or made to order. ~ Furs Remodelled and Repaired ~ Our Guarantee of Excellence—-75 Years on Chestnut Street HENRY PARKER EDGAR A. MURPHY President Scc‘y-Treas. M URPHY-PARKER C0. Ea'z'ti0n Boole Binders N. W. CORNER SEVENTH AND ARCH STREETS PHILADELPHIA Advertisements 123 F~Ei‘i_i'*%U theLargestWorks,America’sGreatestSawintheWorld TOOL,SAW,PHILADELPHIA,WORKS,KEYSTONESTEELU.S.A.ANDFILE In//1/1111 -rfi_L‘/rn//Irg.. ~‘ ' I/'1:/ngI/may in! r.y_I5311/Pli..A. i ' ' hwfims Iaw *I‘''3'iEI:iIl L‘y_ ... . HENRYDISSTON&SONS Buildings,EmployeesAcres,50583500 INCORPORATED '-' ._r~1 I5|..'.~,-~.As'.v"» ‘ ' ic>.._ " ;. "K '' Z.‘//-ca/.76'r//10'!/1 30/5 __D‘,, ,.~. lF'?i—E‘_*_ii_'fi124 The Historical Pageant Isaac A. Sheppard & Co. PHILADELPHIA NEW YORK BALTIMORE I urunucvunms nun" “U, Ial 'SAAl"\SP-T RUICU Ll! Avl \ iw n D-\u.A:|fLP>¢u The new Philadelphia plant of ISAAC A. SHEPPARD & COMPANY, just completed, located at Erie Avenue and Sepviva Street, is the most up-to-date and thoroughly equipped Stove Foundry in the Country. Here are produced 1' Excelsior Ranges Imperial Excelsior Gas Ranges Paragon Furnaces Paragon Steam and Hot Water Boilers Advertisements 125 F~ The Present House of Wm. Sellers 8: Co., Incorporated was founded by BANCROFT & SELLERS in the Kensington District of Philadelphia in 1848, and began with the manufacture of Mill Gearing with interchangeable parts, and subsequently the manufacture of Machine Tools as a distinct branch of business. In 1853 the Works were removed to their present location between 16th and 17th Streets, Pennsylvania Ave. and Buttonwood Street. In 1855 the firm name was changed to VVM. SELLERS Sc CO., and in 1886 the business was incorporated under the title WM. SELLERS & CO., INCORPORATED It early gained a local reputation for good workman ship as well as for the superior quality of its products, which advantages it has maintained, and its reputation for superior design and workmanship is world wide. Its principal products are: for working iron and steel HYDRAULIC MACHINERY-, CRANES LOCOMOTIVE INJECTORS, VALVES, &c. POWER TRANSMISSION MACHINERY In all of these branches it stands foremost, and many of its designs have been followed by the leading constructors in other countries. Its first important public exhibit was at Paris in 1867, for which it received the GRAND GOLD MEDAL. Again at Vienna in 1873, for which it was awarded the GRAND DIPLOMA OF HONOR. Again at Paris in 1889, for which it was awarded the GRAND PRIX. At the Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia in 1876 only Certificates of award were made by the Jury of which Dr. John Anderson, LL.D., C.E., etc., of Woolwich Arsenal, England, was Chairman, and WM. SELLERS &. CO. received a Certificate of the highest character. In fact, this House has received the highest awards at all Inter national Expositions at which it has exhibited. Its clientage extends over the whole mechanical world. Al I26 The Historical Pageant THE AMERICAN PULLEY CO. PHILADELPHIA WM. McN|ECE sow. B. McNlECE 1887 1912 ESTABLISHED 1863 Harmony Ranges ~ Harmony Furnaces Excelsior Saw Works Have stood the tests for Wm. McNicce 8: Son Twenty-five Years Saw Manuiacturers Their reputation for Quality and Durability is as firm and unshaken as the ~ Constitution of the Special Attention given to Setting and Filing United States Hand and Circular Saws. Carpenters’ Manufactured by Tools Grinding. Diller. Caskey £6’ Keen Booltbinders’ and Planing Knives Ground Enterprise Stove Works S.W. Cor. Sixth and Berks Streets ~ PHILADELPHIA. PA. 515 Cherry Street, Philadelphia For sale by all retail dealers L. Advertisements I27 THE HESS-BRIGHT MANUFACTURING COMPANY In 1904 this Company began to import the now internationally famous DVVF ball bearings. These bearings had three years previously made their European debut in the then new Mercedes automobiles, and were even at that time giving promise of revolutionizing anti-friction design. The great European success of the DWF bearings was duplicated in this country, and the business grew so rapidly that the Company moved every year or two into larger quarters. The attempt to manufacture here had to be temporarily abandoned, owing to the impossibility of transplanting the technical methods on a sufficiently large scale. After the fourth removal, the Company has now the nucleus of a manufacturing business of its own in the fine new building at Front Street and Erie Avenue. HESS-BRIGHT (DWF) Ball Bearings are largely used in many sorts of heavy duty, such as line-shaft hangers, machine tools, flour milling and woodworking machinery, trolley cars and mine locomotives, as well as in automobiles. m CLARK'SOIRlTlToNFIlUNDRY Elevator Company J‘ ALFREP CLARK 12th and Sansom Streets Pmpnetor Philadelphia, Pa. 35th street’ Grays Ferry Road Offices in all principal Cities of the World and Wharton Street ‘?§“§.l.‘£i§Zfi iifiéi Z?‘ 'liZ'v°.§lZ°. ’,‘.'l‘§S1‘lT.§§.S S \/Ve build and erect All Types of Elevators for All Kinds of Power including Otis H Traction” and U Drum” Type Passenger and Freight Elevators Qtis Inclined Freight Elevators and Horiz High-Grade Castings in Loam, ontal Carriers—Otis Escalators or Moving Green and Dry sand SpiralStairways, Gravity and Conveyors hloving Sidewalks——Otis and Otis Auto matic Push-button Elevators, and Dumb waiters for private residences. _ Inquiries Invited Chemical Work a speclalty on any question involving the conveyance . of Passengers and Freight from level to level Builders, Iron work or horizontally to widely separated points. ll_=. r_=_-|~|'éIl I28 The Historical Pageant E—i"_—fil “PRocToIz”DRYINo MACHINES The Proctor Drying machines of various types are used for drying all kinds of materials. Economy of time, labor and floor space are among the benefits derived from their use. THE PHILADELPHIA TEXTILE 1\AAcHINERY Co. PHILADELPHIA PA. iii The First . iii <1» Engines made Mutual Machine Works in this ¢°\1l1"'Y HUGHES & RUSSUM were built in the Proprietors Otto Plant at Philad'a Builders of St." d h d Cotton, Woolen or Worsted ' _ ma e ere an Light and Heavy Duck 5"" the Standard Plush, Turkish Towel of the World Visitors Always Welcome N O O ~ S The Otto Gas Engine Works For Weaving Hair Cloth, Broad 33d and Walnut Streets Clipper, Jacquard Work West Philadelphia, Pa. Made in 1876 HARNESS MOTIONS BEAMING MACHINES with All Latest lmprovements Oxford and Hedges Streets Frankford, Philadelphia Special attention given to Repair Work, which we will furnish promptly and at reasonable prices. Orders by mail will receive prompt attention Made in 1912 Advertisements 129 M GEORGE W. LINDLEY 5120 Wakefield Street Germantown, Philadelphia Builder of Double Rib Machines, for Laces and Edgings and Lace Trimmings, for Underwear and Fancy Goods Ferro Manganese Spiegeleisen “Marked on the Eye" Ferro Silicon Silico Spiegel FRANK SAMUEL Philadelphia Iron, Manganese and Chrome Ores. Foundry, Mill and Low Sash Weight Works Phosphorus Irons. Howe and Samuel Special Low Phosphorus 22d and Glenwood Avenue Melting Bar. MAIN OFFICE Harrison Building, Philadelphia All kinds of NEW YORK OFFICE BOSTON OFFICE SASH WEIG HTS 39 Cortlandt Street 10 Harris Avenue Loom Weights, Hitching New York City Boston, Mass. Weights. Elevator. Fire Escape and Weights of WESTERN REPRESENTATIVES Walter-Wallingford & C0. every description. L. all I30 The Historical Pageant ,F~-421 WALTER WHETSTONE BELL AND KEYSTONE EDGAR W. KOONS President TELEPHONES Sec'y and Treas. Wrought Iron and Steel Dipe Valves, Fillings, Tools, Etc. Pertaining to Steam, Gas, Water, Oil and Air Office and Store: 911 FILBERT STREET PHILADELPHIA Warehouse Pipe Shop N. E. Cor. 25th and South Streets 908 Cuthben Street Established 1 868 WIHdOW GIZISS Amos H. Hall, Son & Co. Manufacturers of PLATE GLASS CEDAR VATS Best Brands American Window A N D T A N K S Glass, French window Glass, German Looking-Glass Plates, Ornamental and Sky-Light Glass-. Greenhouse Glass, Glass for Conservatories 2915 to 2933 205, 207 Philadelphia, and 209 N. Penna. Fourth Street LME Telephone Connection Advertisements I 31 A To Avoid Substitution “State the State” PENNSYLVANIA ‘°' ' \\\~§\\\\\‘_ - \\\\\\\&\ §§\ —\\\ _ /V ,~\\\ <5y.TP/PT-" Ha7iw__ Trfiovlfl 21/1)? PHILADELPHIA. PENNSYLVANIA Charles Bond Company WILLIAMSON & CASSEDY “-~*~¢*-'='- of ‘ Oak Tanned Railway and Steamship 1-€Zlll1¢l' Bfilllillg Supplies |——_———-I ... Dower Transmitting Machinery 525 Market sew and Mill Supplies PHILADELPHIA 22-1 520 Arch Street, Philadelphia I32 The Historical Pageant §1~|fi| ELEPHANT BRAND “mill "IN" THE PHOSPHOR BRONZE SMELTING C0. ~ 1%.’ ELEPHANT2200 WASHINGTON mun AVENUE. ".”/I/Z¢,;1t.%},,/.1-.»" PHILADELPHIA. PA. ~ I l INGOTS. — CASTINGS. DELTA WIRE. METAL SHEETS. —RODS, Etc. l IN BARS FOR FORGING AND FINISHED RODS REG. U. S. PAT. OFF. I ORIGINAL AND Sore MAKERS m "rue u. S. PHOSPHOR BRONZE The ]ohn T. Dyer Quarry Co. Business Established I 891 Norristown. Penna. BIRDSBORO TRAPPE ROCK Harrison Building Philadelphia 14 dvertisements I 33 “ABRASIVE” Fast Grinding WHEELS Abrasive Wheels are made cl natural or artificial abrasives, or the proper combination of both to best suit your particular grinding problem. Will not glaze over or overheat the work. Even the bond that holds the particles together has cutting properties. That's why Abrasive Wheel» have eamed the reputation that “They don't merely grind, but cut—cut last and are durable." Wnte for catalog today. ABRASIVE MATERIAL CO. James and Fraley Streets Bridesburg, Philadelphia Established I844 W. Jermyn & Sons HUNEKER & SON Ill an m t1l‘J1tt1Ltil1lfl’I!ttttiltlilililllilltttlilllilllt MILLINERY ififlttlttltggh W I R E S mm.m|m|||"||1 |||;u| 1rlilumlmliIlltllitlililtltlml %e:urating ¢/."_"p [Q1 di“ ,/.>‘ Oxford and Josephine Streets Frankford Sansom and Sixteenth Streets Philadelphia Philadelphia FNNTENNWI34 The Historical Pageant WESTMORELAND COAL CO. COLLIERY OWNERS MINERS AND SHIPPERS OF THE STANDARD Westmorela nd Coal Mines Located in In Westmoreland County, Pa. This Coal is unexcelled for gas-making. both in illuminating and for producer work. For brick and terra cotta manufacture. locomotive use. steam threshers, high pressure steaming and in all places where a strong and pure fuel is required it has no equal. Principal Qffice 224 South Third Street Philadelphia. Pa. Advertisements I 35 The Lehigh Coal and Navigation Co. NEW YORK BOSTON SHIPMENTS BEGAN STILL IN BUSINESS 1820 1912 MINED IN PENNSYLVANIA SOLD EVERYWHERE Sole Miners and Shippers ol , General Offices In “Old Company s In s. o. WARRINER H President I ROLLIN H. WILBUR and Vice-President GREENWOOD MCHARD T‘ DAVIES 437 Chestnut Street General Coal Agent F. N. ULRICK C S Assistant General Coal Agent CARROLL MOORE, Sales Agent, I43 Liberty Street NEW YORK O. B. JOHNSON, Eastern Sales Agent, l4I Milk Street BOSTON llIE.____ii=_-1-_i€J V F—gii—_'E':’I36 The Historical Pageant KEYSTONE COAL AND COKE COMPANY MINERS AND SHIPPERS BITUMINOUS AND GAS COAL AND COKE ARCADE BUILDING, PHILADELPHIA ROBERT K. CASSATT EASTERN MANAGER No Befler C oal G. W. EDMOND! R. Y. WARNER Comes out of the Ground G. W. Edmonds & Co. M Anthracite and Bituminous C O AL McKEE & CO. .03 MAIN OFFlCE H N. W. Cor. 9th and Berks Sts. i YARDS up 9th St., Berks to Norris Sts. Tasker Street Wharf Ridge Ave. and Noble St. 23d and Arch Street 4-9th and Grays Ave 2lst and Allegheny Ave. PHILADELPHIA L. Al Advertisements I 37 Established 1823 by the late John B. Ellison, Sr. JOHN B. ELLISON 81 SONS Wholesale W oolens AMERICAN OFFICES ~Ew { as s;::.*:...:::;""~ MINNEAPOLIS, 705 Lumber Exchange Building MILWAUKEE, Wells Building BALTIMORE, I10 West Fayette Street NEW HAVEN, CONN., Cutler Building BOSTON, 233 Tremont Building NEW ORLEANS, Whitney Bank Building BUFFALO, Morgan Building NEWARK, 830 Broad Street CHICAGO, 1007 and 1008 Hartford Building OMAHA, Board of Trade Building CINCINNATI, Provident Bank Building PITTSBURGH, McCance Block CLEVELAND, 631 Garfield Building PROVIDENCE, R. I., 301 Edwin A. Smith COLUMBUS, Columbus Trust Building Building DENVER, 329 Foster Building ROCHESTER, Granite Building DETROIT, 1032 Majestic Building SAN FRANCISCO, 227 Foxcroft Building INDIANAPOLIS, Board Trade Building ST. LOUIS, 707 Locust Street KANSAS CITY, Dwight Building SEATTLE, 630 Lumber Exchange LOS ANGELES, 321 West Third Street WASHINGTON, 522 Bond Building FOREIGN OFFICES PARIS, 18 rue Vivienne CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA LYONS, 55 rue de l’Hotel de Ville MEXICO CITY, Calljon de Sta Clara 1 VIENNA, 1 Laurenzerberg TURIN, Via Perrins 10 HAMBURG, 6 Amdungstrssse GENES, Piassa S. Lucca 8 LISBON, Run dos Correeiors 71 BUENOS AYRES. 1215 Cangollo MILAN, ITALY, Piazza Castello RIO DE JANEIRO, 58 Rua Sao Jose ROME, IO Collegio Capranica ASUNCION, (PARAGUAY) Alberdi 201 NAPLES, Piazza Nicola Amore 2 ODESSA, 49 Basarnajastrasse MALTA, 56 Strada Stretta PARA, Caixado Correio 300 MADRID, Chinchilla 51 PERNAMBUCCO, Caixa Postal 199 SYDNEY, AUSTRALIA PALERMO, Via Principe Scordia 21 This firm was established in 1823, and is the largest and oldest woolen house in America. They have warehouses in London and Philadelphia, and sales ofiices in all the principal cities in America and Europe, and distribute their goods to almost every part of the world. They carry a full line of goods suitable for Men's and Ladies’ Tailoring Trade, Livery, Hunting and Riding Goods, Priestley’s Cravenettes, etc. ELLISON BUILDING ELLISON BUILDING 22-24-26 South Sixth Street 5,6 and 7 Golden Square W. 13-15-17 South Marshall Street 33 and 34 Gt. Pulteney St. W. Philadelphia London ~ The H istorical Pageant TRADE-MARK REGISTER!-"D For those who will have the best Advertisements * I39 FA___A___ Miller. Bain, Beyer E? Co. IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS OF DRY GOODS SPECIALTIES IN REMNANTS. SECONDS and JOBS 1001. 1003. 1005. 1007 FILBERT STREET PHILADELPHIA Lesher-Wamer Dry Goods Company 429 Market Street 418 Commerce Street Foreign and Domestic Dress Fabrics Cotton Dress Fabrics Decorative and Household Linens Table Damask. Curtains Draperies. White Goods Blankets and Comfortables Flannels. Domestics. etc. IMPORTERS AND DISTRIBUTORS OF DRY GOODS Visiting merchants are cordially invited to make our establishment their headquarters during the week lL|~|%1~|J 140 The Historical Pageant Ell] L. Dar1nenbaum’s Son 82, Company Qfi Manufacturers of Silks and Ribbons Qfi Owners and Operators Pine Tree Silk Mills I 808 Arch Street Philadelphia Importers and Jobbers of Dry Goods 5 1 3 Market S tree t Importers ani txanufacturers Philadelphia pENN BRAND 1 RIBBONS SILKS Successors to the Oldest Wholesale i" Philadelphia Dry Goods House KOHN, ADLER & C0. BARCRQFT £9 C0. Established in 1818 U§.i____E.______igIl Advertisements I41 F~ NEW YORK. 48 Leonard Street JAMES L. WILSON £6 COMPANY DRY GOODS COMMISSION MERCHANTS 239 CHESTNUT STREET PHILADELPHIA Established I877 Pioneer Suspender Company Pioneer Suspenders Pioneer Belts Brighton Garters 3l5 North Twelith Street Philadelphia. Pa. Annual Production 8,000,000 Pairs On Sale the World Over l1E______i___.E_=.___i___J t2 i The Historical Pageant JOSEPH D. SWOYER &z, CO. Manufacturers of Woolen and Worsted Yarns Mariner and Merchant Building Philadelphia, Pa. Harrison B. Schell i Wm. M. Longstreth Chas. Webb & Co. Schell, Longstreth Gr Co. - 001 Cotton Yams @~@ Z30 and 232 Chestnut Street I16 Chestnut Street PHILADELPHIA Philadelphia, Pa. BOTH PHONES ':"l~J Advertisements I43 _ A shirt - that worked hard for a reputation And keeps it by Working harder I The High Grade Shirt That’s Worth its Cost Made by SAMUEL STERNBERGER COMPANY PHILADELPHIA If it’; the far/aion you will find it in DANIELDOREY READ’S FABRICS IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER OF ALL KINDS OF More than 50 styles of ALL WORSTED Hat and Cap om-:ss oooos Leathers and Springs M”d°lT1lhs‘Z.§T§‘rZ,’§'§lltT§,§1 §§'i°“"g No. Z35Philadelphia Race Street Whose durability and adaptability have earned and hold for it the title of “ THE QUEEN OF DRESS FABRICS" Al The Historical Pageant . FL ,: .| mum, ‘ii/. .05, wwwi WW, 1.4..» .-.|..n.i. WW ...|...M4-lo, ~ ‘../ ‘av S. W,.W/ M.-.-w. fimy ‘l id» r ,t.flw../ ,.u¢.. ,_W|.w/ . ‘flu ,.»uw-.v/rm It 1/$2., mvfi / ,/ / 4 if V , ,, .. , . . .\ ‘ . . . Qlphia £11 itting filills M. A. METZ, PROP filanufacturers of Jlaigb térahe étneaters éixtb anh §>pring éarhen fitreets ifibilabalpnia Advertisements I45 it HENRY H.ROEt.0FS 8t C0.‘ GENUINE KETTLE FINISH MADE ONLY Bt HENRY H.ROELOI-‘S 8| C0 tmurv rmotrs at co. THE NAME - |nnuvn|A,m.usA. Theltmerican Improved HENRY H. ROELOFS & Co. m-new PRESSED n-mums"-HENRY tt.ROELOF$ &C0. "~ Pnmnetvnu. OR ANY OF THE ROELOFS’ TRADE MARKS rnusneo I CURLED HAT to-if- SOFT OR STIFF HATS ' IS A HENRY H.ROELOF5 a Co. MANUFACT ""'.~s."2=:'?'r. URER5 GUA RAN TE E THAT YOU um-'1: THE BEST H.4T THAT CAN BE MADE <2/IAN Mm/_._ 0? S “H/t>it>%t‘a»~\~ SOLD BY ALL DEALERS MANUFACTURED BY Imrxw1mn;wuvnlIEIlllYl'l.RUl'.'l,0l"S & C0. ~ HENRY H. ROELOFS & co. "-w.fZ‘" PHl1.ADfl.PH1A. PHILADELPHIA. lF'__—iE’__—__t_—filI46 The Historical Pageant WICK . flfllél The New Non-Shrinkable Flannel is rigidly guaranteed not to shrink or fade when made up into Shirts, Shirt waists, Pajamas, Children’s Dresses, or any other garment. WICK NARROW FABRIC COMPANY - - Philadelphia SOLE PROPRIETORS FOR SALE ONLY IN FIRST CLASS STORES WESLEY STEAD THEO. P. MILLER JNO. W. SNOWDEN President Secretary and Treasurer Vice-Pres. and Gen‘l Manaier NEPAUL MILLS The Stead fa? Miller Company Upholstery Goods and Draperies FOURTH £3 CAMBRIA STREETS PHILADELPHIA Fourth Avenue and 20th Street 1602 Heyworth Building NEW YORK CHICAGO L ~i§:~ WEIMAR BROTHERS Manufacturers of TAPES, BINDINGS “I AND H] NARROW FABRICS 2046-48 Amber Street PHILADELPHIA 148 The Historical Pageant W. A. DICKEL, Pres. and Trees. SAMUEL REID, V. Pres. and Secy. I. B. SCOVILL, Gen. Mgr. and Supt. Industrial Tape Mills Co. JASPER AND HUNTINGDON STREETS PHILADELPHIA, PA. M ANUFACTURERS OF Narrow Fabrics SOLE MAKERS OF Saxon New Guaranteed Non-Shrinkable Tape ALSO Plain Tape and Stay Binding Braid for Underwear Trade COLUMBIA TOWEL MILLS. TURKISH f»?4,/_wrfg”r447@.§_<1/_‘__ TOW‘El.S,;‘i; " TERRY cL0rri;"1g“ N w cor rMrRALor~DsrRbtANT’s“'F$““"‘ P/1/l A Of l P/1/A . PA.. NEW YORK OFFICE: 5/ LEONARD STREET 1]] The Products of our mills can be found on sale at all the Leading Department Stores in the United States. 1]] AII our goods are guaranteed to be right. 1]] Once purchased, you will always ask for them. 14 dvertisements I 49 F all EDGEWATER FINISHING COMPANY Dyeing. Sizing. Printing Agents and Qf Ufl— Office and Works Mydck 3 Ri“ bleached Cotton Piece 408° 320 Broadway Frankford Ave. New York City G 00 d S a nd B ur 1 aps 9». fit Philadelphia. Pa. Homg of PERRY BUILDING Home of Edgewater Finishing Co. Geo. Royle E! Co.‘s Tapestries GEO. ROYLE ta Co. MANUFACTURERS OF Couch Covers. Table Covers. Portieres. Piece Goods and Colored Burlaps 4-080-98 FRANKFORD AVENUE FRANKFORD. PHILADELPHIA Al I50 The Historical Pageant Prudential Worsted Company MANUFACTURERS OF Worsted Fabrics for Men and Women Orthodox and Large Streets Frankford. Philadelphia Sales Agents BIRCH AND JOEL MAX RIEDEL 229 Fourth Avenue. New York THEO. F. MILLER F. LEICHTON KRAMER Pres. and Cen'| Mgr. Vice-Pres. and Treu. Ii] Turkish Towels Turkish Bath Robes Iii Star and Crescent Company Philadelphia New York Salesroom, 4th Ave. & 20th St. Advei-risements 151 ~|E1 H. & W. H. LEWIS 238 CHESTNUT STREET Commission Merchants WOOLENS AND WORSTEDS Men's Wear Uniform Cloths Women's Wear NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON 215 Fourth Avenue 223 W. Juclmon Boulevard 76 Bedford Street Established 1897 Bell Phone, Kenn. 516 Wipers Washed and Replaced in Good Order at Lowest Prices HARRY CROWTHER Manufacturer and Washer of II SILK WIPING CLOTHS, ETC. ll They are used for cleaning all kinds of worsted, silk and cotton machinery, also engines, dynamos, automobiles. More economical and cheaper than any other kind of wiper or cotton waste in use. They are made from silk noils, and are non-combustible. All inquiries for samples will be cheerfully attended to. N. E. Cor. Rorer and Ontario Streets, Philadelphia, Pa. UNIVERSAL DYE WORKS DYERS OF HOSIERY AND YARNS COTTON. MERCERIZED. SILK. WOOL 3213-15 Fraukford Avenue and 3212-I4 Amber Street PHILADELPHIA SATISFACTION EVERY WAY t%~|Elll I52 The Historical Pageant F M Philadelphia Felt Company Manufacturers of WOVEN FELTS Paper Makers Felts and jackets Laundry Felts Lithograph Flannel Tanners Bolsters Printer Blankets Wringer Sleeves Mangle Blanketing Sieve Cloths, Etc. Piano Cloths Frankford, Philadelphia C0136 Riehm Knitting Mills, Inc. Knitting Mills SWEATERS SWEATER COATS KNIT GOODS Ladies’ and ChiIdren’s , Underwear MILL AND MAIN OFFICE Adams Avenue and Unity Street FRANKFORD. PI-IILA. E. M. COPE & CO. I Pastorious Street Germantown Penna NEW YORK OFFICE, 346 Broadway FMEMW Advertisements I 53 B. F. ROBERTS I. M. MORITZ The Roberts Embroidery Co. OFFICE AND FACTORY: 362l NORTH LAWRENCE STREET FIFTH srmzzr AND ERIE AVENUE P. R. R. STATION. Nonn-1 PENN JUNCTION. Embroidery Manufacturers ol Every Description An Up-to-Date Equipped Factory MATTRESS TOPPINGS PACKING WASTE WIPING WASTE FRANKFORD WASTE COMPANY Manufacturers of COTTON AND WOOLEN WASTE Van Dyke and Orchard Streets FRANKFORD. PHILADELPHIA 154 The Historical Pageant HULTON DYEING £8 FINISHING CO. (INCORPORATED) 2 7 12 JASPER STREET PHILADELPHIA Dyers of Finishers of FAST COLORS Woolen and Worsted Piece Goods Woolen and Worsted Yarns Men's Wear Fabrics and Slubbing in the Ball Dress Goods. etc.. etc. CHAS. E. WINSCH. Prop. Both Plmnes ALFRED Vs’. BURTON THOS. B. SPENCER Electric Dye VVorks Andrew Burton Co. DYERS PENN DYE WORKS OF l\/lercerized and Cotton Yarns 96' ALSO Tapes and Bleaching Cotton, Woolen, Worsted 9!? and Hosiery Dyers Fast Colors a Specia/ty 96' 3942-50 FRANKFORD AVE. Penn Street and Belfield Avenue PHILADELPHIA. PA. Germantown, Philadelphia IL, A Advertisements I55 MANUFACTURERS OF ESTABLISHED IBBU MERCERIZED WM- H. LORIMER'S SONS’ CO. TUBES YARNS ONTARIO AND LAWRENCE STREETS SKEWS Fon ALL PuRPosEs PHILADELPHIA, PA. WARP5 FERGUS PERRY GERMANTOWN, PHILADELPHIA ROBERT JWEYER A very important branch of the textile industry is the manufacture of heavy and fine silk and cotton elastic cords, for use by the manufacturer of elastic stockings, bandages, etc., for surgical purposes. DYCT of Here in the crude nursery and home of the knit Eepresentativep oods develo ment, and very this branchproperly has one a which most able has Fast BlaCl( and FQDCY COIOYS OD attained a high national reputation for perfection byand Mr. reliability, Fergus thePerry, mills one founded of the and living still veterans controlled in ' and Cotton’ Boot Pattern knitting mill inception and improvement. It was way back in 1853, n-ntn tnt knitting industry was Mixed Goods, New Process just beginning to raise its head among commercial enterprises, that Mr. Vincent Perry commenced Perfect Match business on his own account in Germantown as a manufacturer of elastic stockings and bandages. Eight years after, when his son Fergus Perry became of age he was admitted to partnership. In 1870 Mr. Perry started on his own account, but in 1884 ‘ii he abandoned this line of work and began the manufacture of elastic cords of a quality and adaptability for surgical appliances which at once arrested the attention and won the approval of manufacturersI'll! present mills, and at sur Ngo. eons. 5013 In wttitttit-id I897 he erected Street, L3W1'C1’lC€ arid L11Z¢1'1'1¢ SIS wherc he operated 12 modern covering machines, _ perfect winders, etc., by gas power, and produces Pa_ an average output of ‘Z00 pounds per day, which ’ is sold to the manufacturers of the finest surgical hosiery. The Historical Pageant M The William Kedward Dyeing Company Main Ofiee and Works Cedar and Cambria Streets. Philadelphia City Oflice: 246 Chestnut Street DYERS AND BLEACHERS COTTON AND MERCERIZED WARPS AND SKEIN YARNS JACOB KNUP WM. I. GUTEKUNST The History of the Hammock President Vice-Pres. and Treu. is interwoven with the record and progress of The Hohlfeld THE HELLWIG Manufacturing Co. SILK DYEING COMPANY Silk Dyers BLACK AND COLORS PURE DYE AND WEIGHTED TUSSAH AND ARTIFICIAL Largest makers of Hammocks and Couches in the world Main Office and Mill S. W. Corner Allegheny Avenue 9th and 10th Street: (North) Philadelphia Ninth and Buttonwood Sts. New York Sample Room Everett Building, 45 E. 17th Street Philadelphia. Pa. [IE EU Fiiaiifi Aa"vertz'sements I 57 JAMES BROMILEY, Treasurer Eastlake Manufacturing Co. MANUFACTURERS OF FURNITURE GIMPS UPHOLSTERY FABRICS ALL GRADES OF Curtains, Piece Goods,Table and Couch Covers Mills and Main Oflice, Leiper and Adams Avenue FRANKFORD, PHILADELPHIA SCHOLLER BROS. COMPANY Manufacturers of Textile Soaps and Softeners of the Better Grade Specialties for Dyers, Bleachers and Finishers Amber and Westmoreland Streets Philadelphia, Pa. fiE__—_'_‘iE‘l—i__fi|I58 The Historical Pageant THE DE FRAIN SAND CQMPA NY B U I L I) I N G MATERIALS BEACH AND BERKS STREETS PHILADPILPHIA Bmnxs STREET, I)ELA\VARE RIVER V‘ 7 HAR\ . Lb ‘. ». {(I;‘HRIs'r1AN SKl‘REFYI‘. sCI—IUYL}{ILL RIVER PRODUQERS ()F STONE, GRAVEL AND SAND FOR C()NCRETI~1 CONSTRUCl‘I()N DELIVERIES BY 'I‘I<1AT\[, RAIL OR BOA'1‘ zidvertisernents I59 M JAMES G. DOAK G. M. MAICAS JAMES G. DOAK £4’ COMPANY BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Crozer Building, 1420 Chestnut Street PHILADELPHIA Manufacturing Plants Reinforced Concrete Special Work COSTELLO 8: CO. HENRY E. BATON ~@~ Contractor Builder El General E1 General Building Construction CODTFHCTOFS N_ E_ Com, cinaiil Tenth and Sansom Streets Philadelphia 3| 4 Arcade Building is _ _ Philadelphia Residences Alterations and Additions Bank and Office Buildings L. I60 T/ze Historical Pageant Cantrell Construction Co. CONTRACTORS AND ENGINEERS Real Estate Trust Building PHILADELPHIA .|. T. STUART. Prelident ANDY BRANN. Treasurer WM. M. LAVERTY, Sec'y RQBERT PATTQN Brann & Stuart Company INCORPORATED CONTRACTOR*~ Engineers and Contractors W 3ll ARCADE BUILDING PHILADELPHIA 60| North Thirty-fourth Street Philadelphia Advertisements I61 ~‘ DAY £6’ ZIMMERMANN E N G I N E E R S 608 CHESTNUT STREET - - PHILADELPHIA ~ INDUSTRIAL PUBLIC SERVICE PLANT LAYOUT EXAMINATIONS AND REPORTS . PLANS AND SPECIFICATIONS ENGINEERING and CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION OPERATION Both Phones ESTABLISHED 1857 Keystone Telephone Bell Telephone FRANK MARK Robert 7-18 Race Patters0n8S0n 9-17 Locult C0. Wholufle and Retail Dealers in % SAND JERSEY GRAVEL LIME AND CEMENT General Contractors Washed and For White-Coating and Teamsters 5a:clIee&hiteaSan:n ed B S d Rc::=n=-:/:2: h-C ' Cedar Hollow Lime. Plaster. Hair Crushed Stone. Slag and Grits A Main Office Cherry Street Wharf 21st St. above Somerset St. S°h“y1kmRiver PHILADELPHIA Philadelphia Branch Officen: 2221 Race Street |lLE._-A__E.___iA_J 162 T/ze Historical Pageant UNION 1?A\’IN(% O())[IJANY GEN ERA]. (‘ON'PRA('FORS 112 NORTH BROAI) S'DREEl‘ IJHIIJADELPHIA O. W. KETCHAM Manufacturer of Ornamental Terra Cotta Face Bricks Fire Proofing Roofing and Faience Tile 24 South Seventh Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Factory, Crum Lynne, Pa. Concrete and Stone Foundation Work Cement Pavement and Cellar Digging Removal of Ashes CHARLES T. GROSWITH GENERAL CONTRACTOR No. 3435 Chestnut Street Philadelphia M ‘4d'vertisements I63 INSULATED WIRE CABLES For All Electrical Purposes ll WEATHERPROOF WIRE MAGNET WIRE ANNUNCIATOR WIRE FLEXIBLE CORDS Particular Attention Given to Special and Experimental Work ALFRED F. IVIQQRE 200-218 North Third Street L___iE_._Mni1 Cleveland Chicago Birmin am Louisville I64 The Historical Pageant Where PAISTE Electric Light Wiring Supplies Are Made _._____ » __$__ | II" 1 _ A PHILADELPHIA ENTERPRISE (ESTABLISHED 1887) Devoted to Manufacturing Electric Light Wiring Devices of Highest Merit H. T. PAISTE COMPANY 32d and Arch Streets. Philadelphia LAEAJ Catalog sent upon request to \hole interested in better ways of Electric Light Wiring Advertisements I65 E’ Tl ELECTRIC '—~ SUPPLIES 904-906Wm. H. Chestnut tloskins Slrccl Co. ?;'“‘ R"“‘"’ elephone Marine Dhrladclphrds _ Get our Catalogues and Prices SlZ\l10I1¢1' H. c. ROBERTS ELECTRIC SUPPLY C0. ~| 905 Arch Street Philadelphia Branch Store at Syracuse, N. Y. W““%?.‘{.¢%§£...y F. WEBER & Co. Stable (_‘,¢113;-_ ¢¢¢_ ESTABLISHED 1854 By our new and sanitary method MANUFACTURERS—IMPORTERS Artists” Materials Engineers’ and Draftsmen's Supplies Works on Art For Artists. Lithographers, _ ‘ ‘ ‘4 ‘Ii ' Designers, Textile Manufacturers. iw 47 “~*~*" ~ Costumers. Architects COLD WATER PAINTING Window Cleaning. Disinfecting 1125 Chestnut Street WM. Write B. SOUTHERNfor Estimate N. W. Cor. 12th and Spruce Sts. s1‘. LOUIS, M0. BALTIMORE, MD. Philadelphia CHICAGO Both Phones L FMEMW166 T/ze Historical Pageant Boyertown Burial Casket Company Manufacturers of Bronze Metallic Hardwood Varnished and Cloth Covered Caskets Casket Interiors Burial Robes. Suits and Dresses Philadelphia 1211-11 Arch Street ' New York. N. Y. Boyertown. Pa. 109-11 W. 24th Street BENJ. FOSTER _ _ R. H. PARISH Schrack Sherwood Benjamin Foster Co. MANUFACTURERS 5|_A(; AND PRQMENADE I512 to I520 Callowhill Street PHILADELPHIA TILE ROOFING E WATERPROOFING 3Fim> Burial (Baskets 3 Acres on City Hall anh 6 Acres on Wanamaker Stores _ - and on Mon-is Building lflnhvrtakvra Supplies Asphalt and Coal Tar E» Products Rope Portieres, Rug Fringes ZZd and Sedgely Avenue Upholstery Trimmings PhiladelPhia Draperies and Piece Goods Advertisements I67 For Quiet Elegance Effects on Walls and Ceilings use Graves Perma - Tone T makes a durable, smooth, non-porous and germ .'.,r proof surface with a rich velvety finish, a surface highly decorative, and in perfect taste. Washable. Can be applied with success on plaster, woodwork, burlap, canvas, cement, metal work, etc. Perma-Tone is made in all the modish tints and presents a largess of selection, adapting it to the requirements of the most fastidious color schemes in Theatres, Ofiice Build In ings, Public Halls, Hospitals, Fine Homes, etc. m For Interior Woodwork use Graves STAIN-KRAFT T produces the greatly admired flat or mission stain finish with one coat on interior woodwork such as Pine, Cypress, Oak, Birch, etc. STAIN-KRAFT enhances the beauty of the high lights and the grain of the wood. It’s fast in color. Will not show laps nor raise the grain of the wood. Easy to apply. €“' It’: quart/1 your ~"u.'/rile to acrilr for handsome desrriplive booklets (gratis) N. Z. GRAVES CO., Inc. Philadelphia “J. & D.” DEPT. I68 The Historical Pageant TRADE REG. MARK U.S.A. The man who buys “F-” Paint or Varnish is always in a hurry to put it on the job. He is anxious F to see the results because he knows they will be most satis- P factory from every standpoint. Send for sample card and full 1 information. FELTON, srmzr & co. "' ‘“°°"’°"‘°“ EUGENE E. NICE I36-I40 North Fourth Street MANUFACTURER Philadelphia PHILADELPHIA A Wise Man Owns His Own Home Start To-day—A Few Hundred Dollars down when you buy and then you pay the rent to yourself. No hurry or worry. We "JR EJ/TITIFCDS @@ fiiiiietviiirlcan give youZiiiihiriiifit the best built featuml house 120 in feet the 26th & Allegheny Ave. Paint and VHTDISII M3l(CFS Come and see these modern houses. . Wide porches, large front lawns, hardwood $10.06 finish, hot-water heat, basement laundry, combination gas and electric fixtures. Philadelphia New York Chicago And‘" Othcr UP'tO‘D3_tC Fedturfis Facilities Double line of trolleys on Allegheny Avenue Free transfers to all downtown lines U Purpaszly made for every purpose" Both Pennsylvania and Reading Railway Stations within Four Squares Agent on Premises Sample House Open HAROLD C. IRVIN, 721 Walnut St. Advertisements 169 F %~ JOSEPH T. JACKSON FRANK P. FELTON, JR. President Vice President ALBERT T. YARNALL Trv nsurer Ci] City and Siuilbsmirlbaim Qfill Estate HORACE H. FRITZ in all its branches E—II Real Estate Broker Conveyancing 713 WALNUT STREET Fire Insurance Mortgages Estates Managed PHILADELPHIA Appraisements Expert attention to all transactions J. T. Jackson Co. connected with Real Estate S.E. Cor. Chestnut and 13th Sts. (B)1f'?ncI\ Opposite ice the Station Whiteside S2,» McLanahan CHARLES W. MILLER HENRY T. GULLMANN N. W. Cor. Fifteenth and Pine Streets PHONE SPRUCE 39-86 CHARLES W. MILLER Real Estate CONVEYANCER AND Agents and REAL ESTATE BROKER Brokers 96’ MORTGAGES Real Estate Investments‘ Building Associations Special Agents Ior Philadelphia Estates Managed and Settled Apartment Houses—“ The Warwick," the “ Carlisle" and the “Broadview." Also Special Agents for the sale ancl 40l -407 Commonwealth Building renting ol properties at Rose Valley, Delaware County, Pa. Chestnut and l2th Streets i‘ Philadelphia FOUNDED I864 L. _ _ __ _ ‘ff----1* I70 The Historical Pageant ~ M Established 1886 ‘Ell FACTORIES and Central Properties a Specialty W. BRUCE BARROW l 30 North Twelfth Street. Philadelphia Bell and Keystone Phones FACTORIES A. E. MUELLER l-lillcrest Lawns AND COMPANY at 1531 Chestnut Street Oakmont Station Philadelphia Haverford Township Iain!) érbunl éuhurh HI Dealers in High Class “Sweer," "Qsaint," “l"lomelike" Suburban Properties Four minutes from Ardmore. Twenty seven minutes from Wanamaker's store. High Localion. Qgaint Homes. Beautiful Lawn and Shade Trees. BROOKLINE Owner. BROOKFIELD ESTATES Joseph R. Connell CHESTNUT RIDGE ESTATES 829 Land Title Building BENJAMIN FINBERG 7 1 7 Walnut Street Money to Loan on First and Second Mortgages and Building Association Mortgages Rents. Interest and Ground Rents Collected Conveyancer for the following Building Associations: Family Building & Loan Association German Enterprise Building Association Orient Building & Loan Association Members Building & Loan Association Frank P. Johnson Building & Loan Association Enterprise Bnilding 8: Loan Association Dcpositors Building & Loan Association Local Building & Loan Association George Egolf Building & Loan Association A. C. Patterson Building & Loan Association Eleventh Ward Series Building Association Fifth Bluecher Building Association Benjamin Finbcrg Building & Loan Association Exchange Building Association of Fairhill Utility Building & Loan Ass0Cl3li0n Al Advertisements T PULLMAN TAXICAB CO. 5PRU¢E wooo AND SIXTEENTH s'rs. RACE 60 PHILADELPHIA 34-"25 FREE CALLS KEYSTONE PAY STATIONS I. M. GARFINKEL. GEN'L MGR. T /1c Historical Pageant Used in Every Line of Business There is hardly a phase of commercial trans portation of today in which the Autocar truck does not prominently figure. It is built in a great vari ety of body designs to meet every need. Our cars are used by the leading business concerns of the country, Dry Goods stores, Manufacturing con cerns, and a host of other merchants use the Auto car in the delivery and transportation of every kind of merchandise. Fire departments, Street Sprinkler departments, and Police departments of manycities and towns employ the Autocar in public service. The United States Government and Canadian Government use Autocars in the collection and dis tribution of mail. In a recent test run of 1509 miles conducted by the United States Army to determine the value of motor trucks for the severest military service, the Autocar was the only truck which completed the run without any mechanical replacements. This proof of Autocar endurance is nothing more than has been shown in every line of business in which our cars have been employed. Write for our list of users, and booklet show ing styles of body designs, and Catalog No. 4 H. C. The Autocar Company, ARDF§|°(',‘,’{§_‘PA_ EllAb“3hQd 1897 Sale: and Service Buildingl—Neucr Cloned PHILADELPHIA NEW YORK BOSTON 23d and Market 428-430-435-437 Beacon St. and Streets W. 19th Street Comrnonweullh Ave. Advertisements I73 50.000 Cars Equipped in 1- - Europe with this Shock Absorber WHY? Because the J. M. is being silently advertised everywhere by the best advertisement anything can have—pers0nal endorsement by word of mouth. The reason for this endorsement is that with a set of]. M. Shock Absorbers on you not only drive but you enjoy your car. To confirm this please ask any user. Prices, $25.00 to $50.00 per set The J. M. Shock Absorber Company Main Office and Factory, 210 S. 17th Street, PHILADELPHIA. PA. The Schwarz Wheel Y°“ can Save M°ney By seeing Grim before you buy For Automobiles and _ _ Heavy vehicles Automobile Supplies Strongest. Safest and Molt Economical Tires, Hofns, Tools (I, Spoke tcnons are dovetailed and speedOmeters’Lead interlock, forming a compact, immovable ing Brands and assemblage which cannot loosen. (I, The only wheel made with positive Grease ’ Ca P s ’ Gloves spoke support. Used on all the leading and Cl0l§l'1iI1g pleasure and commercial motor cars. (I, We maintain a special repair depart- E.V€I‘ytl'lll'lg i0!‘ tllfi MOlOfiSt ment for the repair of all types of auto at Special Prices mobile wheels. Orders large or small given the same careful and prompt attention. The Schwarz Wheel Co. F““‘1‘f°"d phi1’d"'1Phi* 604-06 North Broad Street llg._i.-___-.i_____i__g] I74 The Historical Pageant %1~ Alex W0lfingt0n’s Son Builder of Aluminum Automobile Bodies for any make Car 8, 10, 12 and 14 N. 20th St. Philadelphia “EIVIPIRE” Automobile Tops and Slip Covers First Exclusive Auto Top Factory in Pennsylvania ll Manufacturers of high-gracle tops and seat covers. Recovering tops and repairs promptly a specialty. E.lVlPlRE. AUTQ TQP CQ., lnc. A Z07 N. Twenty-second Street ~ - - Philadelphia ~— T.‘/E HIGHEST GRADE ,4 UTOMOBILE TIRES MADE — R EPUBLIC “57-A;,'fi,4flp"l'lP£A0 LYMAM Tun-1 & Ru BBERCO. DISTRIBUTORS 328 N. BROAD ST. Advertisements I75 THE GREAT WHITE FLEET Jamaica — Panama Canal Central and South America Magnificent passenger and freight steamers designed and constructed specially for the tropical trade. Every room is outside and in addition is cooled by iresh air from the sea forced through air ducts by powerful blowers. Many oi the rooms have private connecting baths and the suites on the promenade deck are luxuriously furnished. The decks are l4 feet wide and l4 laps to the mile, and are larger than will be iound on Trans-atlantic steamers more than twice their size. Qne of these big white steamers sails from New York every Wednesday and Saturday. Z2-day cruises to Jamaica, Panama Canal and Colombian Ports from New York every Wednesday at I2 noon, Pier lt), East River $135.00 24-day cruises to Jamaica, Panama Canal and Costa Rica from New York every Saturday at l2 noon, Pier I6, East River $140.00 Or you can take a l2 or l4-day trip to Jamaica only and return at $85.50 Sailings from Philadelphia to Jamaica The popular Admiral steamers have been entirely renovated and now carry only first-class passengers. The fare has been greatly reduced and is now Philadelphia to Jamaica and return Write for our handsomely illustrated booklet. [$60.00 UNITED FRUIT COMPANY STEAMSHIP SERVICE Long wharf 17 Battery Place Pier 5, North Wharves BOSTON, MASS. NEW YORK CITY PHILADELPHIA. PA. I76 T/ze Historical Pageant [F W . EFOR YOUR TRIP ABROAD} Ask us about Mediterranean Cruises AMERICAN LINE By the largest British Steamers in this trade New Yorlr— Plyinoutli—Cherbourg—Soulllampton Philadelphia—Queenstown—l.iverpool ” “ ” November 30, January 7, January Z1 New York——London (Direct) F¢bl'"ll'Y 19 and Ml"!!! 5 LEYLAND LINE ‘F RED Boston—Liverpoo| STAR “NE Four Cruises ° to the "';..?i:.:t.;.‘.’.::":.;.'.‘.';'.7.°'" T"°P1¢$—1-913 WHITE STAR “NE “LAURENTIC” By the newest and finest “MEGANTlC” cruising ships New York—Plymouth—Cherbourg—Southampton New y°|.k_Queemt°wn_|__ive,.p°°| West lndies—Panama Canal—South America Boston—QueenstoWn—Liverpool Jan. 8th and 22d—28 days each Montreal—Quebec—Liverpool (Summer) Feb. 8th and 22d—29 “ “ Portland—Liverpool (Winter) $175 and upward For Full Particulars Address PASSENGER DEPARTMENT 1319 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA Gailcy, Davis 8: Co. Saw? MOYWY on (Formerly pm. Wright & Sons) n atgr 5l¢Zll11ShiP Agcnls Quit buying bottled water Br0kCrS and put a Loomis-Manning _ Water Purifier in your home, ChZlI'[€I'Ing oflice or factory. Do away with the danger, GENERAL AGENTS annoyance and bother of bottled water. RED STAR TUGS Thewaterfrom our Purifier Sea and Ha"b°r T°“’i"€ is freshly purified every time HERMAN WOLTER you draw a glass. It is clear, DIVING PLANT sparkling, free from all odor Submarine Diving and taste and safe for all purposes. 316-318-320 WALNUT STREET Loomis-Manning DHILADELDHIA Filter Distributing Company Cable Address :—GAILYDAVIS 131 South 16th Street, Philadelphia Advertisements I77 ~fi A Bit of History The first practical steam heating boiler made in this country for Buildings and Residences was manufactured by us. “We are still leading" You are cora'iall_1- invited to our showroom. Z5/ae H. B. SMITH CO. nzzs Arch sum PHILADELPHIA. PENNA. Compliments of the [H Dunlap Printing Company Jumper and Clgerry Streets H. HA.\iER’I‘OI\' JOS. B. FREDERICK Standard Refrigerator Co. 2543-45-47 Germantown Avenue Philadelphia, Pa. Manufacturers of High Grade Refrigerators of all kinds and for all purposes BOth Phones .E..______iA lFii——"E'_'ii—EflI78 The Historical Pageant Closely Associated with the Progress of the City . P 544 alhld <'-WI-==<*> VIENNA MQDEL BAKERY Established in 1876, at the Centennial Exposition and now located at 21st and Arch Streets WM. J. MITCHELL GEO. W. MITCHELL HARRY C. MITCHELL The above is a reproduction of the Sheridan School situated at G and Ontario Streets. One of the finest and most modern schools in the country. The work was executed by MITCHELL BROTHERS Carpenters, Builders and Contractors 2125 Race Street HORACE LINTON CLARKE LINTON ' .;/- 1 "143 HORACE LINTON ca BRO. Manufacturers of Qigfar ibone 306 1 -308 1 Ruth Street Philadelphia lFii_i'E‘i__’*'fi| Advertisements I 79 OUR PRODUCTIONS H3ii‘D‘i;'5X;-S} QKOLORFAST ~-ii The Only Guaranteed Matting Produced That Is Fast to Sun and Water ~. \ \‘Y \\\ I 1/ / / ’ \. . _> //, ALLFl—The Best All Fibre : . .. / I, _ . , ,’_ WOOLFI——WooI and Fibre LYNDO—Extra Heavy BESTALL-—Popular Priced HARVEY CARPET COMPANY Trenton and Allegheny Avenues PHILADELPHIA NEW YORK SHOWROOMS, 100 Fifth Avenue LIPPINCOTT, JOHNSON &z, CO. WOOLLENS 1021 Walnut Street Philadelphia ~|%i~|Al 180 The Historical Pageant 7] HOME OFFICE Union Casualty Insurance Company .455 Third and Walnut Streets Philadelphia The only “Home Company” Chartered in Pennsylvania writing a general line of Casualty Insurance _>~ ~- in W?-ig V». -~ 5 '. ' ' d Automobile jff R -. CC e _‘__ Plate Glass Burglary R A Accident Health HODGSON & BEATTY Card Stamping and Repeating for all Textile Fabrics Also Repeating for Throw Overs for Fine and French Index 315 West Lehigh Avenue Philadelphia Advertisements 181 my men? manger enthns Qfixtel SHOPS that closely reproduce is quite as much an originator the ideas of French leaders, and creator of indim'dual modes as from purchased models, are any of the noted foreign ateliers. merely copyists. HE Wenger Shop is one of UT the shop whose gowns reflect the ideals—thc xpirit the very few in Philadelphia —of great Parisian couturieres to be accorded this reputation. 5&1. Tflfllienger Importer of W0men’s Apparel INCORPORATED 1229 Walnut Street SCHMALZBACH 1225 Walnut Street Philadelphia's Foremost Custom Tailor for Women’s Suits Announces an Unusual October Reduction So splendidly has our business grown, that we have Importer literally outgrown present quarters, and by Decem ber l5th will be located in a fine, new, large store at 123 South l3th Street. During October we will be getting ready for this Tailored Suits great event. Special and a very great reduction will prevail, so as to reduce our stock on hand. Riding Habits DURING OCTOBER Gowns We Will Make $65 Suits for $45 We Will Make $100 Suits for $75 Millinery At S45, Choice of a Beautiful Selection of Lingerie Autumn Fabrics Will be Ofiered At $75, Choice of Velvet, and Exclusive, Corsets Finest Cloth Will be Offered Beautiful and Exclusive Evening Gowns 1732 Chestnut Street Afternoon and Street Dresses and Blouses of Distinctive Style. will also be Ofiered PHILADELPHIA at very Low Prices IL-_=. El] I82 The Historical Pageant |~i Gear Wheels and Gear Cutting of Every Description “Hurry Orders and Break-Down ]obs” Special Attention PHILADELPHIA GEAR WORKS Geo. 1120-22 B. Grant, Vine Street M.E. '~~’“._~¥-" _\ 1 , Send for Catalog _./,.‘.._gP_ ,1; “ - ., T TREATISE 0N GEARS By GEO. B. GRANT one DOLLAR Keystone Leather Co. Manufacturers of SHOE LEATHERS I GLAZEDKID (IDI.LVIAl WORKS: CAMDEN. N. J. 327 ARCH STREET, PHILADELPHIA ~—-~ A Advertisements I 8 3 IF’ :§1~|_fi|:| For the Stepheri Thurber Protection of Public Life g _ g NcWPatcntcd Fender I Fancy Table Butter York State Cream Cheese Strictly Fresh Eggs II7 Callowhill Street Philadelphia Fenders in their Lower Position These Fenders will prevent the wheels of an Automobile from running over a person or object lying on the ground when the fenders are in their lower position. The Fenders are adapted to be dropped auto matically from the front, when a person or object comes in contact with the tripping rod on the for T L Y wardlylilen Pieitideerisxudiairiiiozillisitfi be dropped by the operator of the car when person or objectjs seen in Qllontrartur anb Ifiuilbrr *'°"‘ °‘ '"='°"‘"= Demonstrations Glad/y Given FREDERICK LILLICH, lnvehtor 1616 Thompson Street Mlnuflclured by Philadelphia CHARLES H. GENTH (Automobile Expert‘! 5 856_72P*I;:l“""'¢ “”°" ;°f:=== E "E" 2005.19 Jefferson w. Oxford Machine St., PhiladelphiaWorks L1___ _ A L 184 The Historical Page/mt [F M KEYSTONE, PARK 1034 TELEPHONES BELL, KENSINGTON 41-660 JOHN MARTIN MANUFACTURER OF PACKING BOXES ha?’ 1432-34-36 NORTH SIXTH STREET PHILADELPHIA Established 1807 Telephone Connection WETHERILL Pnonucrs Producers of Profitable Painting Products , is good paint and we have the best proposition on John Galbraith earth for progressive dealers who want to sell good paint——profitably. is a washable, flat fin ish, ready-mixed wall finish. Made in white and 14 tints—for any kind Manufacturer of of wall, plaster, cement, metal or burlap. REFLECTO-GLOSS is 3 d"="'P'°°‘r grease-proof inte rior enamel—-especially adapted to hospitals, facto ries, hotels, ollice buildings, etc.-——a'll buildings Packing where people are congregated and proper sanitation is desired. OUR PATRONS KNOW thlt these, like all our other products, are BEST. Boxes They know that the House of VVetherill has made the best of everything in the paint line for more than a century. why Dontt You write us NOW for our oiler to You? You'll benefit thereby. 619 Commerce Street Geo. D. Wetherill & Co., Inc. Paint and Varnish Mfrs. Philadelphia PHILADELPHIA Advertisements I85 “Tl Stone Furnished From Mermaid Quarry To The Following Buildings: W. W. HARRISON CASTLE Glenside, Pa. ST. RITA HALL Villa Nova College Villa Nova. Pa. ST. .lAM§' CHURCH Lon: Branch, N. J. RECTORY FOR THE CHURCH OF ASCENSION Bradley Beach, N. J. GATE ENTRANCE TO ST. JOSEPH’S COILEGE Chestnut Hill, Pa. ST. MICHAEL'S CHURCH Harvey St., Germantown, Pa. PERGOLA AT A. VAN RENSSELAER, ESQ. RESIDENCE Camp Hill, Pa. ROCKEFELLER HALL, Bryn Mawr College Stone Furnished From Mermaid Quarry JERRY O’NEILL & COMPANY Contractors and Building Stone M"'"“i‘l Q"‘"7‘ Office: 7811 Germantown Avenue wrvming Quarry: Mt. Airy Station, P. R. T. Co. Chestnut Philadelphia F and Wyoming Avenue clleslnlll Hill Ben Phone Olngy, P3, Both Phones Bell Phone, Tioga 57.35 D Exgavamu Demglli? one asonry ra mg Concrete Work Hauling Z ~ JAMES DDORNEY "" CONTRACTOR 3556 North Seventh Street ,,_. Philadelphia, Penna. I204 East Montgomery Avenue Philadelphia L__i__-E?--ii I86 The Historical Pageant M. l-TERB DESIGNER AND MANUFACTURER OF Qrtistit jflllemnrials MAIN YARD SECOND STREET PIKE AND WYOMING AVENUE BRANCHES FIFTEENTH AND HAINES STS. - EIGHTEENTH AND HAINES STS. Entrance ot Northwood Cemetery No less than 300 to 400 Tomb Stones, 50 to 60 Monuments and various other work to select from to beautify your Cemetery Lot. The right place to purchase if quality counts at moderate prices. No Work Too Small; None Too Large BELL PHONE Both ‘Phones C. A. Cox’s Sons J. H. JORDAN Manufacturers and Dealers in cg 00d Burnt CARPENTER ' AND BUILDER Ill Coal. Plaster. Hair. Cement. etc. Crushed Stone all sizes. Bar Sand and Jersey Gravel in Team or Car lots and Oxford Streets Phil d l hi American St. below Susquehanna Ave. I a 6 p la Philadelpliia, Pa. Residence Members Builders‘ Exchange 25“) Coiumbia Avenue KILNS Cold Point: Station. Plymouth Railroad Continental Dye Works T. A. HARRIS CO.. Inc. BLEACHERS and D Y E R S Woolen. Worsted. Merino and Cotton Yarns, Hosiery and Knit Goods I51 West Thompson St.. Philadelphia Advertisements I87 IF‘ E EII THE HISTORICAL CONTINENTAL AS FAMOUS AS EVER Only more modern and up to the minute. Bohemian surroundings for persons of refinement. A continuous pageant of the World's Celebrities within its walls for over half a century. Chestnut and Ninth Streets, Philadelphia FR ANK KI MBLE, Manager Wire for us and we'll Wire for you Estimates Furnished Phones FOR Geo. I-Ieinemann &Co. R E A LT Y Electrical Engineers and Contractors Manufacturers of ELECTRIC SUPPLIES AND SPECIALTIES SEE —— WM. H. WILSON Expert Repairilclitrfs Dynamos and & CO. i Leading Suburban Brokers 500-508 W. Girard Avenue Philadelphia, Pa. -_~ PHILADELPHIA one of our recent installations: Convention Hall LEWIS A. TAULANE Rent; Collected. and Interest Ci WM. SPIESS House: for Rent, Sale and EXClllhI 'n all E“-*=~ M--=-==¢ Conveyancer. Real Estate and portion; of 0.: éity. N °"_"'_ P " bli ° Insurance Broker wm,_ _,,d Lm, D,c,,_ C°mm""°"°" °f menuofalldeacription D”‘_i|'"f:,N°w S. W. Cor. 9th and Walnut Sts. °"°‘“"' °"°P"°°" Philadelphia El] I88 The Historical Pageant W Machine or Power Brooms Refilled at Short Notice Manufacturers of Brewers’, Butchers’, Stable and Street Cleaning Brushes and Brooms PUSH BROOMS of Every Description John Eisenmann & Company Factory I034-36 Rising Sun Avenue Bell Telephone Philadelphia, Pa. HISTORY WOLF KLEBANSKY Is Recorded by IMPORTER OF RUSSIAN AND SIBERIAN PRINTING INK Horse Hair AND Bristles Chas. Eneu Johnson MANES and all kinds of ANIMAL HAIR and Company supplied to the CURLED HAIR TRADE Also Manufacturer of DRAWN HAIR for the The Oldest Ink Makers in the World supply of Brush Manufacturers and Hair Cloth Weavers In Business Continuously at Office: 246 South Third St. Tenth and Lombard Streets PHILADELPHIA Philadelphia FACTQRY Since I804 243, 245, 247 South Orianna Street .-J1 Advertisements I89 Q] FRANK MADER GRANITE AND MARBLE WORKS All Pneumatic Tools M MONUMENTS AND LOTS ENCLOSED WITH GRANITE AND MARBLE COPINGS AND POSTS M W _ Special Attention -...... £..:.",, ..':.'::.:'::* V - - - ~ " given w 0v[flL,!.fL&B}.§, nun; an Q-nun. nun; mgmgg 11. gu__"y4¢g¢;_|1 gg|g55gy'6' p,”“_ cemflery work Richmond below Orthodox Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Turner Concrete Steel Company ENGINEERS and CONTRACTORS PHILADELPHIA, PA. Concrete Construction Building Construction Partial list of Buildings we have built complete, or on which we have built the Concrete Construction Warehouse for . . . . . Acme Tea Co. Bakery for ...... Acme Tea Co. Warehouse for . . . Weightman Estate Warehouse for . . . H. O. Wilbur Sons Factory for ...... ~Ino. H. Smaltz Factory for . . . . . A. Schoenhut Co. Publishing Building for]. W. Pepper & Son Factory for . - - - . . . Geo. F. Lasher Publishing Bldg. for Wilmer Atkinson Co. Factory for ...... H. C. Lea Estate Warehouse for Elec. Service Supplies Co. Factory for - - . . John T. Lewis Bros. 190 The Historical Pageant IF’ Keystone Phone, Race 54-Z9 D I Bell Phone, Dickinson 2-I5 If it's tongues we have them i Curers and Distributors “Eldorado Brand” Registered $ Qx, Call, Pig and Lamb Tongues and Pork Hams Either Pickled, Smoked or Coolred A. M. ELLSWORTH, Inc. Ollice and Paclcing House IZOI-5 South Juniper Street, Philadelphia THE-i--_i MUSIC FOR THE ROBERT HIGGINS P A G E A N T IS FURNISHED BY G E N E R A L KENDLE’S CONTRACTOR Relgirrriiint N D S. H. KENDLE F. MELLEN KENDLE CONDUCTORS 4646 Lancaster Ave The Leading Band of Philadelphia Philadelphia Music in all its branches Advertisements I91 ASA \\'. VANDEGRI!-‘T, President Nansen M. \',nmi~:<;n1x-"r, Vice-Pres. F. W. I-1vnT\\'A1.cxi;|z, Sec‘y & Treas. ESTABLISHED 1880 CABLE Coma "Nsnsox" PIHLA. SHEIP & VANDEGRIFT, Inc. LUMBER AND MILL WORK CIGAR BOXES Fancy Wood 1' BS Lock-Corner ) Hardwoods Poplar and Bass Parquetry Flooring Dimension Stock Mouldings Electrotype Blocking 814-832 NORTH LAWRENCE STREET MUSIC-MASTER Exlendinfl Through to Filth Slreel PHILADELPHIA WOOD HORN S Abound ~ The Purcst Water in the World L A I 92 The Historical Pageant h _g fa»; \ |Hfl~|l-'.‘i,vvQ|[l,|j__t| - _ _:_,w._, Horseback riding is genuine sport and healthful exercise, whether it is enjoyed arrong the mountains, on the sandy shore, or in the city parks. The above group shows a part of enthusiasts ready for a gallop, in the Poconos at Buck Hill Falls Inn, where the riding school each summer is supplie with horses from the Manheim Stables. of Germantown. In the Manheim Stables will be found everythin in the w:t_v of horses and carriages that could he desired by the most fastidious. \\'ell-trained saddle horses, safe and styilh driving horses, carriages for weddings and receptions, and coupes for calling and shopping may he had at any time. Lessons in riding are given in class or private. Only one or two lessons need he taken in the ring, and the others may be enjoyed along the beautiful \\"issahick0n, which is reached in ten minutes from the Manheim Stables. Visitors to the Manheim Stables are always welcome, and a half hour there will he well spent, and will prove the statement that everything in the stables is first class and well-appointed. JOHN A. FOLEY MANHEIM STABLES AND RIDING ACADEMY 5434 Germantown Avenue, (Opposite Church Lnnei Germantown Bell Phone, Gm. 14-31 A Moore The & White JOHN CAPPER Zhesigning Company Card Stamping and Repeating _ For All Textile Fabrics Builders of Paper Mill Machinery . _ BRUSSELS AND wnxrou CARDS Fnctlon Cl11tChe5 cu'r ON PLATE MACHINE V3.1'i8.l)16 Speed BLANK CARDS cur TO ORDER Changes ANY SIZE ll Phi1ade1Phi‘=‘> U' 3- A- 2628-30 Jldaschcr Street llE.______E__iAl fldvertisements I93 .®.@»a/na, "-"-' -"M"-M/~ewes 4/ - . M-,.¢W - .14”-00> 0 %a%/ we %e,t%ett,%e SELI ING AGENTS MESSRS. SHREVE Sb ADAMS 86 Leonard Street - - New York City Bell T°l¢Phone WM. R. KREEGER u. ALLAN KREEGER W. V. Smalley Kreefier & Connolly Wool and Wool Waste and Paper Stock ~ Commission Mixing and Dusting 2107 East Somerset Street 219'227 N- Lawrence Street Philadelphia Philadelphia 194 The H istorical Pageant Fa ‘E11 Roosevelt George W. Chapin Wgrsted Crochet Lace Edgings Torchon Laces E‘ Tapes, B;:ild:,s Threads WORSTED YARN 229 Church Street 231 SPINNERS Philadelphia Weaving Yams Knitting Yams New York Address 366 Broadway, Room 912 a Z023 Naudain Street, Philadelphia HALKETIIZOEQEERS & co. A BERGMAN Awning stripes Manufacturer of Fine C(‘i;£OgRll)LlIJ_gK Cardigan Jackets Canvas Goods and Sweater Coats -Pastorious and Osceola Streets 40 and 42 North Third Street Germantown, Phila., Pa. Philadelphia Legal Advertisements I95 El] IF Official Photo graphs Historical Pageant of 1912 Studio on the Grounds Special Attention We PHOTOGRAPH Given to Banqget and Social §:‘,j,f_j§;° RESIDENCES Ph~=@:;=»h=d unctions ANYWHERE W E D D IN G S Sm<>1==1=== Call Fnbm 3601-3602 A"ifi°i’l Liming and GROUPS I I William H. Rau Official Photographer 238 S. Camac Street Philadelphia, Pa. ll PABST & CO. Window Shade Cloth That Stands the Test of Time lmporters of Superior King’, Liberty Bell Scotch shad: C|0th Holland Made in Two _|,,b|,ers of Grades 5 Bancroft Cambric'"“’ °"‘“‘“° <=~-»-M--=<~ Sunfaatiiliilifii and ESTABLISHED 1880 Full Line of Curtain Poles, Shade C- Ro Fringes and Upholsterers’ Hardware Manufwmrsrs Of Offices: 141-147 N. 12th Street _ AUTOMATIC. i=..=¢.,r,= 22.1 ....i Allegheny A,,...... = Stamping and Embossing Presses PHILADELPHIA 20th and Clearfield Sts.. Philadelphia. Pa. flE.______E, We The H istorieal Pageant SCH WEIGART BR0s. American Dye Works DYERS OF Cotton, Woolen, Worsted and Hosiery Yarns st». is-. El'_T..§ Fast Colors for Upholstery, Chenille and Silkline Trade ~ Westmoreland and Tulip Streets Philadelphia fldvertisements I97 i%|~|fi\ ANDREWS M ILL COM PANY Finest Worsted made in t/ze United States FRENCH SPINNING DRESS GOODS MEN’S WEAR FRENCH DYE FRENCH FINISH Leiper Street and Adams Avenue, Frankford, Philadelphia Our mill started in 1905 with 30 broad looms. We have at present 250 broad looms. The success of the company is due to the special attention and care, which is given to our weaving and finishing. Bell Phone T. C . KREWSON WOLF 6:. CO. Callowhill, Carlton and Twelfth Streets Manufacturer of LADDERS Philadelphia, Pa. Extension Ladders Swinging Stages Art Calendars, Pictorial Sectional Ladders Jacks and Hods Advertising Hangers, Inlaid 801-803 Masrer Street Letteredsigns. Interesting Booklets Box Tops. Leather, Cutlery Philadelphia, Pa. and Cardboard Novelties. Bell, Walnut 2872 Keystone, Main 5825 A JOHN W. CARSON HASSELBERG BROS. Dyer of SIGNS Woolen, Worsted, Cotton and Jute AND LETTERING YARNS Wood, Wire, Brass, Electric and Glenwood Ave. below Second St Illuminated Signs Philadelphia IOO4 Moravian Street, Philadelphia lOlh Street above Walnut Stock Fully Insured [IE ~ |JF:"i____'__'E'I98 The Historical Pageant Boston. Mass. New York. N. Y. Detroit. Mich. SMEDLEY BROS. CO. F. P. W011 8:? Co. Manufacturers and Dealers in Manufacturers of Curled Hair, Brush and LUMBER and Bedding Supplies TVIILL WORK Office and Factory Church and Tacony Sts. Franltford. Pa. Cable Address. Frewoll. Philadelphia A. B. C. Code. 5th Edition. Lieber's Code F rankford. Phila.. Pa. R. L. ABLES W. L. WRIGHT Ridgway Refrigerator Cu. President Vice President J . W . AHLES W. J. OGDEN 5th and Tioga Streets Treasurer Secretary Philadelphia, Pa. Builders of Tioga Refrigerators & Store Fixtures Also for Clubs, Institutions 8: Residences Steel & Iron Company E. B. ATKINS, Mgr. Both Phones FORGINGS OFFlClAL CONTRACTORS D. C. Humphrys Co. SC EN lC DISPLAYS Oflice and Works Walnut 251 913 Arch Street £853 Fifty-Second and Gray’s Avenue Decorations, Banners, Flags, Philadelphia, Pa. Signs, Tents and Covers The Liverpool and London The History oi Elastic Fabrics and Globe Ins. Co., Ltd. shows the “Best Made” Braids, The Globe Indemnity Co. Cords and Webbing are made by 3 Christ Bros. Mfg. Co. WM. E. BATES, General Agent 1303 Buttonwood Street 331-337 Walnut Street Philadelphia Philadelphia liE’——i'__ii—'*i_'fil Advertisements I99 If you do not get your printing done by us WE BOTH LOSE GEORGE H BUCHANAN COMPANY 418-422 SANSOM STREET, PHILADELPHIA PRINTING FOR £1 'ER mop 1' Eagle Suspender and Belt S Company, Inc. prague Manufacturers of Wd S Suspenders, Belts, Garters and Arm Bands gr 1208-1 0-12-I4-16 Race Street Philadelphia, Pa. Ma nufacturers of Bernhard Ernst Bros. M655 Wear and Curers and Packers of all kinds of D G d I SMOKED, DRIED AND SALT T355 00 5 Boneless Ham, Boiled Ham, Boiled Corn 3! Beef, Tenders and Boiled Tongue Under U. S. Inspection 2920 NORTH SIXTH ST \/Vister Station, Germantown PHILADELPHIA Philadelphia lL__.___il_.E,______i_Efl 200Fig The H istorieal Pageant Church and Tacony Streets, Frankford Established Over 100 Years HORACE M. SINER nu‘ CHARLES B. SINER I"I. M. & C. B. SINER ll BRICK MANUFACTURERS I e Red Building Brick a Specialty 6* F RANKF ORD, PHILADELPHIA lL._i______E.__i_i.=JJ] K Street below Nicetown Lane, Frankford Advertisements 2OI Under the Hat of Penn The good ship “Welcome," that brought is occupied, the best way to inform them is William Penn to this city and province two the way in which they get most of their other hundred and thirty years ago, brought, like information—in the way you are now getting wise, a printing press and an outfit of type, this—by means of the printed page. \Vith this early recognition of the value of The firm of N. VV. Ayer & Son was or the printed page, it is only natural that there ganized in April, 1869—forty-three years should follow in the same community the ago-—by two men who invested two hundred first paper mill, the first type foundry and and fifty dollars. Today it has three hundred the first advertising agency in America. and forty-five trained helpers. In ten years .\’or should it either be thought strange that the firm was doing the largest business in its right here under the hat of Penn, in this old line—a position it has maintained ever since. Quaker town—the staunchest cityin America There is but one explanation for this—they —there should be found today the largest have made it pay business men to advertise. advertising business in the world, conducted Our business is composed of many littles on the Philadelphia idea—“Keeping Ever and many littles that have grown big. We lasting At It Brings Success." investigate conditions, give counsel, furnish In order to be successful, it always has plans, select mediums, purchase space, pre been and always will be necessary for a busi pare advertisements, register the service ness man to tell others what he has or what given and care for all other details of News paper, Nlagazine, Street Car he is doing. VVhatever the method employed, such telling is advertising. It -\..\-,;_‘ 1 and Outdoor advertising. may be a conversation. a J "C If you are interested in letter, a show window, _-:~ \ \ . advertising, do n ot a sign, a poster, a car ' \tc11,|.n“ .~_ _, _ hesitate to give us a card, a catalog, a cir »?>"‘\'I1=, ‘ -. sign. Itwillafford us cular or a sample, as pleasure to discuss the needs of the case the subjectwith you. may dictate, but This simple olierhas w h e r e a business proven the vestibule announcement is in to many a substantial tended for many peo advertising success. We ple whose address is have a \velcome for you; unknown and whose time and we hope you will use it. 202 T/ze Historical Pageant ~~~~ SAUNDERS’ NEW HOME I I I I WHERE GOOD MEDICAL BOOKS ARE PUBLISHED We have just moved into our new seven-story building, located on VVest \Vashington Square, Philadclphia’s new publishing center. Twenty four years ago, when the business was founded, our floor space was less than I000 square feet. Our new home gives us over 30,000 square feet and is by far the largest and best equipped plant in existence devoted I exclusively to the publishing of medical books. It is an interesting fact that Philadelphia owes its reputation as :1 medi cal center largely to a publisher. It was through the efforts of Benjamin Franklin that the old "Academy,” that stood at Fourth and Arch Streets, was founded. Herc, in 1765, was established the first Medical School on this Continent and from this grew the present Medical Depart ment of the University of Pennsylvania. It is eminently fitting, therefore, that VVashington Square, with its many historic associations of Franklin ~~ I and his times, should have been the location selected for our new home. ~~~~ I --g I‘ |'ll|l |l '~ PI 2 Oberholtzer,@"llllllljillI;i§\i“lll Ellis Paxson, 18684936. ll