Vision of the Army’, with Which the Royal Netherlands Army (RNLA) Steps Into the Future
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Security through foresight The Royal Netherlands Army vision for the future Foreword Before you lies the ‘Vision of the Army’, with which the Royal Netherlands Army (RNLA) steps into the future. It has been written for everyone concerned with our security and is intended to promote dialogue about the future of our security apparatus. The world around us is changing at a rapid pace and that has consequences for the RNLA too. Take technological developments, for example, as a result of which land operations will fundamentally change, or the increasing interconnection between national and international security. Meanwhile, new threats are emerging and old threats are resurfacing. The protection of our territory and that of our NATO allies, for example, has faded into the background over the years. In recent years, however, the importance of this task has once again increased. Unlike our recent missions, our participation in this task is not optional. The RNLA must be there if needed. If it is to continue to play a decisive role in the future, the RNLA must be able to keep pace with the speed and unpredictability of change. It is not only the security situation that is volatile. Climate change, energy scarcity, demographic trends and economic stability all contribute to the unpredictability of the future. All of this has far- reaching consequences for our organisation and the manner in which we work. If the RNLA is to continue protecting what is dear to us all, we will have to make some fundamental changes. In the 2018 Defence White Paper, the impetus was given for the broad lines of development of the Netherlands armed forces. What does that mean for the RNLA? What other changes are necessary? And how can we ‘ Om ook in de toekomst implement them? As a follow-up to the Defence White Paper, this vision beslissend te kunnen zijn, moet describes how we envisage our future role in the security domain and de Landmacht in staat zijn om the path we will take to get there. mee te bewegen met de snelheid en de onvoorspelbaarheid van Leo Beulen veranderingen.' Lieutenant General Commander of the Royal Netherlands Army Where we want to be Well-trained people, The connection between sophisticated technology and humans and technology effective concepts of operations is central The four core strenghts for the Our vision is of an army that is capable The strength of the RNLA lies in its Netherlands are: of delivering what is asked of us, under personnel and the fact that we always • Size: the Netherlands is sufficiently any circumstances. The Netherlands must operate amongst people. As a result, small to be agile, yet large enough be able to rely on its army. A credible we are able to understand what is really to create sufficient mass and make a difference; contribution to the protection of the going on, to have a lasting influence on • Technologically advanced: the Dutch territory of the Netherlands and of NATO people’s behaviour and to make people economy and knowledge landscape is requires an army which, if necessary, can feel safe. Not only are its personnel geared toward generating high-quality solutions; fight in the highest end of the spectrum indispensable to the RNLA of the future, • Multi- and transdisciplinary: the of force. Together with its allies, the RNLA so too is sophisticated technology. Dutch connect relatively easily across must also be able to contribute to conflict Technology is advancing extremely quickly different disciplines and institutional stovepipes to create crossover and/or prevention, stability and national security. and has a great impact on the battlefield. integrated innovations; The RNLA will do so with well-trained Furthermore, technological advances are • Connected: the Netherlands is one of people, sophisticated technology and a necessity, for example if unmanned the most globally connected countries and is widely considered a worthwhile effective concepts of operations. systems are needed to take over the cooperation partner. work of people due to a shortage on the labour market. The connection between The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies, humans and technology is central to the Playing to your Strengths. further development of the RNLA. This A Different Perspective on means increasing integration of humans Future Capabilities for the Royal Netherlands Army (2018). and technology, greater investments in technologically advanced systems and quicker integration of technological applications in concepts of operations. The essence of our vision Humans conduct the combat, technology multiplies the fighting power and concepts of operations are used to orchestrate the combat. To be able to continue to guarantee this in the future, the RNLA will increase its adaptability, intensify cooperation with national and international partners, strengthen the connection between humans and technology and invest in both combat over long distances and operations in urban areas. United in trust; our identity We, the RNLA, have a special task, which can demand our utmost. Therefore, we will continue to nurture our identity, our traditions and our culture of comradeship and trust. Leadership is the unifying factor and we act according to our core values: courage, dedication and resilience. We honour our dead, care for our wounded and support our veterans. Wherever we operate, we remain united by our values and by the knowledge that whenever we advance, we never do so alone. The challenges for future land operations 1 2 3 4 Future conflicts will be complex Hybrid confrontations: Technological superiority Sensors and systems: quicker, and unpredictable simultaneous efforts on several is crucial more precise, deadlier and fronts longer range While the next conflict cannot be predicted, The rapid advance of technology means The increasing scope of detection we do know something about the nature of One example of hybrid conflict the future battlefield will revolve less equipment and weapon systems future conflict and the implications for land is the Russian operation in around the number of military personnel means that battles can be fought over operations. In future conflicts, adversaries Crimea in 2014-2015, which used and systems, but rather around superior increasingly long distances. Future will deploy different instruments of simultaneous attacks by unmanned effectiveness, striking power and the generations of sensors and firing systems power simultaneously, varying from aerial systems, artillery, hackers implementation of technology. The timely will make it increasingly difficult to remain economic undermining, cyber-operations, and special forces, the disruption of availability of systems, fuel and energy unseen by opponents and to stay out of disinformation, terrorism and indirect electronic communication will play an increasingly important role in their sphere of influence. The persistent confrontations (proxy conflicts) to secret and the mobilisation of this regard. This will not be limited to state presence of drones, satellites, electronic operations and large-scale combat. Such sympathisers. actors: easy access to advanced technology sensors and social media means that future conflicts are expected to take place also presents small-scale groups with every unit runs the risk of detection and mainly in urban areas and to be volatile the opportunity to deploy advanced subsequent attack by precision weapons, due to rapid technological advances and technology on the battlefield and beyond. air defence, electronic jammers or cyber constantly changing tactics. Not only is a Hybrid conflicts do not have a clear The continuing technological arms weapons. The speed of such actions is large-scale conflict on the eastern flank of beginning or end, nor do they have a race will develop further in the future, increasing, because the most modern NATO territory a possible direct threat to clear front line or a clear distinction particularly in the fields of robotics, forms of communication make it possible the Netherlands, so too are the secondary between participant and observer. energy provision, artificial intelligence, to reduce the time between detection and effects of unmanageable flows of people in Military operations revolve around biotechnology and big data analytics. attack to practically nothing.Ensuring search of food and security, paralysis of the influencing the opponent or other parties that our decision loop (from detection digital network and terrorist attacks. by means of information/disinformation, to action) stays shorter than that of digital activities and force. In hybrid the opponent is essential to winning a conflicts, opponents work together down conflict. The development and further ‘Unmanned vehicles, robotisation, to the lowest levels in the domains of evolution of detection equipment and synthetic biology and artificial land, air, sea, cyber and space to achieve weapon systems currently in progress is intelligence present opportunities for society, but in the hands of the wrong the intended effects. In such conflicts, increasing the possibilities for supporting actors they can quickly become a terrorists and other non-state actors are land operations from the ground, as well as security risk.’ in a position to influence politics and from the air and the sea. At the same time, public opinion by means of manipulation, the rapid and far-reaching progress of air Translation of a quote from the cyber-attacks and attacks with easy-to- defence equipment in particular poses a Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs, obtain technology, such as drones. The serious risk to helicopters and aircraft. As a Geïntegreerde Buitenland- all-encompassing character of hybrid result, air support for land operations will en Veiligheidsstrategie (2018). conflict thus makes the warfighting not always be guaranteed. method more complex. The challenges in short The future will be characterised by unpredictability, complexity and the hybrid nature of conflict, in ‘The future will be characterised by which opponents generally operate on several fronts unpredictability, complexity and the hybrid nature of conflict’ simultaneously, while the entire world watches. In addition, the importance of technology is increasing.