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Health for Every Mother HEALTH for Every Mother A Maternal Health Resource and Planning Guide for States SPRING 2015 2030 M STREET, NW | SUITE 350 | WASHINGTON, DC 20036 PHONE: (202) 775-0436 | FAX: (202) 775-0061 ABOUT AMCHP The Association of Maternal & Child Health Programs (AMCHP) is a national resource, partner, and advocate for state public health leaders and others working to improve the health of women, children, youth, and families, including those with special health care needs. AMCHP supports state maternal and child health (MCH) programs and provides national leadership on issues affecting women and children. We work with partners at the national, state, and local levels to expand medical homes, provide and promote family-centered, community-based, coordinated care for children with special health care needs and facilitate the development of community- based systems of services for children and their families. 2 Table of Contents A Message to Our Members ........................................................................................................ 4 An Invitation to Our Partners ..................................................................................................... 5 Where is the M in MCH? ............................................................................................................... 6 What’s Inside ............................................................................................................................... 8 How to Use the Maternal Health Resource and Planning Guide .............................................. 10 A Useful Framework .................................................................................................................... 11 A Note on Equity ......................................................................................................................... 11 PART 1 INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENTS ...................................................................................... 13 Element 1 | Strengthen Maternal Data Systems ............................................................................. 14 Strategy 1 - Build capacity to learn from each maternal death .......................................................... 16 Strategy 2 - Use administrative data to monitor performance and outcomes .................................... 21 Strategy 3 - Apply data from surveys and qualitative sources ........................................................... 23 Element 2 | Increase the Value of an Investment in Maternal Health .............................................. 27 Strategy 1 - Convene and mobilize maternal health partnerships ..................................................... 29 Strategy 2 - Demonstrate impact and share what works ................................................................... 34 Part 1 Planning Tools ..................................................................................................................... 37 PART 2 ACTION ELEMENTS ........................................................................................................ 43 Element 3 | Enable Healthy Living .................................................................................................. 44 Strategy 1 - Address underlying social determinants of health ......................................................... 46 Strategy 2 - Build environments that support healthy and active living ............................................ 48 Strategy 3 - Implement community-based health promotion efforts ................................................ 51 Element 4 | Improve Access to Care ................................................................................................ 57 Strategy 1 - Promote comprehensive health coverage ...................................................................... 59 Strategy 2 - Improve the availability and acceptability of services .................................................... 62 Element 5 | Ensure High Quality Health Care for Women ................................................................ 68 Strategy 1 - Support provider capacity to deliver high quality well-woman care ............................... 70 Strategy 2 - Support provider capacity to deliver high quality, routine maternity care .......................... 75 Strategy 3 - Promote coordinated systems across the care continuum ............................................. 84 Element 6 | Ensure Readiness and Response to Obstetric Emergencies .......................................... 89 Strategy 1 - Ensure facility readiness for obstetric complications ..................................................... 90 Strategy 2 - Improve clinical recognition and response to adverse events ......................................... 93 Part 2 Planning Tools ..................................................................................................................... 98 Appendix A: Source Documents ................................................................................................. 109 Appendix B: Index of Resources Included in the Guide ............................................................. 111 Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... 113 Works Cited ................................................................................................................................. 114 3 HEALTH for Every Mother: A Maternal Health Resource and Planning Guide for States A Message to Our Members Thanks to you, millions of U.S. women are served each year by the Title V Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant. With transformation of the block grant in 2015, even greater potential exists to achieve measurable, lasting improvements in the health of women and mothers across the country. At the same time, we know that funds are limited. We also know that a tremendous amount of complementary work is happening just outside our door. Making limited dollars count will require that we take time to review our current activities and those of our partners. To this end, AMCHP is pleased to share with you Health for Every Mother: a Maternal Health Resource and Planning Guide for States. A framework for synergistic thinking, the guide presents possible strategies across six core elements that – when addressed collectively – may ensure the greatest impact for moms. We hope this guide helps you to explore new resources, initiate or engage new partnerships, and take steps toward a comprehensive maternal health initiative in your state. Please know that we are excited and ready to support you in your efforts. Warmly, Lori Tremmel-Freemen Chief Executive Officer The Association of Maternal & Child Health Programs (AMCHP) n www.amchp.org 4 An Invitation to Our Partners Maternal and child health programs funded through Title V are charged with improving the health status of women, children and families in their states. While each state is given flexibility to address its unique needs and priorities, all are held accountable for certain outcomes, including maternal health. At the same time, we know that we are not alone in our efforts – we share our commitment with partners from fields as varied as public health, medicine, dentistry, social work and violence prevention. The content in Health for Every Mother represents a synthesis of recommendations from white papers, consensus statements, and reports, many of which reflect the participation of clinical and advocacy partners at the national and state levels. Because the presence of partners is vital as we look toward the future of maternal health, we invite you to join us in a conversation about the work currently underway and new opportunities to align our efforts. AMCHP staff are happy to assist in connecting you with state Title V leadership. I encourage you to contact AMCHP if you have an interest in greater partnership. Together, our collective efforts can have the greatest impact. Sincerely, Sam Cooper III, LMSW-IPR AMCHP President Director, Specialized Health Services Section Family and Community Health Services Division Texas Department of State Health Services 5 HEALTH for Every Mother: A Maternal Health Resource and Planning Guide for States “Where is the M in MCH?” While this question is not new,1 it is certainly pertinent to current MCH efforts, as considerable national momentum refocuses our collective attention on the health of mothers – for women’s sake. Approximately 62 million women ages 15-44 live in the United and cardiac complications due to pregnancy or underlying States.2 Of these, more than six million become pregnant and conditions exacerbated by pregnancy.8 In addition to the around four million give birth each year.3 While pregnancy emotional and physical costs associated with morbidities, should be an exciting time in the life of women, their there are substantial financial costs to families, communities, families, and their communities, too often it can be a time of and the U.S. health care system. Annually, the United States substantial loss. In 2010, pregnancy-related complications spends an estimated $48 billion on maternal hospital stays were the 10th leading cause of death among women of for pregnancy and delivery alone.9 Medicaid pays roughly reproductive age.4 Though the pregnancy-related mortality 45 percent of these expenses, signaling opportunities for rate among U.S. women has dropped dramatically since the substantial public cost savings with appropriate
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