A VIDA SECRETA DOS NAZISTAS Universo Dos Livros Editora Ltda

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A VIDA SECRETA DOS NAZISTAS Universo Dos Livros Editora Ltda A VIDA SECRETA DOS NAZISTAS Universo dos Livros Editora Ltda. Rua do Bosque, 1589 – Bloco 2 – Conj. 603/606 CEP: 01136-001 – Barra Funda – São Paulo/SP Telefone/Fax: (11) 3392-3336 www.universodoslivros.com.br e-mail: [email protected] Siga-nos no Twitter: @univdoslivros PAUL ROLAND A VIDA SECRETA DOS NAZISTAS HISTÓRIAS OCULTAS DO TERCEIRO REICH Secret lives of the Nazis Copyright © 2016 Arcturus Holdings Limited © 2018 by Universo dos Livros Todos os direitos reservados e protegidos pela Lei 9.610 de 19/02/1998. Nenhuma parte deste livro, sem autorização prévia por escrito da editora, poderá ser reproduzida ou transmitida sejam quais forem os meios empregados: eletrônicos, mecânicos, fotográficos, gravação ou quaisquer outros. Diretor editorial: Luis Matos Editora-chefe: Marcia Batista Assistentes editoriais: Aline Graça e Letícia Nakamura Tradução: Felipe CF Vieira e Monique D’Orazio Preparação: Cely Couto Revisão: Plínio Zúnica e Giacomo Leone Neto Arte: Aline Maria e Valdinei Gomes Capa: Valdinei Gomes Dados Internacionais de Catalogação na Publicação (CIP) Angélica Ilacqua CRB-8/7057 R648v Roland, Paul A vida secreta dos nazistas : histórias ocultas do Terceiro Reich / Paul Roland ; tradução de Felipe CF Vieira, Monique D’Orazio. - São Paulo : Universo dos Livros, 2018. 264 p. : il. ISBN 978-85-503-0285-0 Título original: Secret lives of the Nazis 1. Guerra Mundial, 1939-1945 2. Alemanha – História 3. Nazismo I. Título II. Vieira, Felipe CF III. D’Orazio, Monique 18-0102 CDD 940.548509 Índices para catálogo sistemático: 1. Nazismo - História - Alemanha SUMÁRIO Introdução A galeria dos vigaristas CAPÍTULO UM Sexo e drogas: dois pesos e duas medidas CAPÍTULO DOIS Os capangas de Hitler CAPÍTULO TRÊS O grande enganador CAPÍTULO QUATRO Bandidos à solta Göring, Goebbels e Hitler: não há honra entre ladrões Vinho Fontes Referências bibliográficas Índice remissivo INTRODUÇÃO ADOLF HITLER E OS LÍDERES NAZISTAS conspiraram para cometer alguns dos crimes mais hediondos da história, pelos quais os membros do Reich que sobreviveram à guerra foram julgados no Tribunal Internacional Militar de Nuremberg, em 1946. Entretanto, os acusados formalmente e aqueles oficiais do regime que fugiram da justiça cometeram incontáveis atos de tortura, assassinato, roubo, sequestro, abdução e intimidação, pelos quais nunca foram responsabilizados. Enquanto exigiam sacrifícios do povo alemão para financiar uma guerra que poucos no círculo interno de Hitler achavam possível ganhar, eles próprios desfrutavam uma vida de privilégios e poder, adquirindo inestimáveis coleções privadas de arte saqueadas de depósitos da Europa e acumulando vastas fortunas pessoais roubadas dos países conquistados e de suas incontáveis vítimas. Göring, Goebbels, Von Ribbentrop e outros importantes nazistas justificaram o confisco de mais de 500 milhões de libras em barras de ouro dos bancos na Europa ocupada citando leis internacionais, que garantiam aos vitoriosos a posse do espólio de seus inimigos derrotados. Mas, como revela A vida secreta dos nazistas, a escala da pilhagem servia aos propósitos de uma série de intenções veladas. O roubo sistemático dos ativos de cada nação e de indivíduos selecionados era, na realidade, parte de um plano mestre para desmoralizar os inimigos vencidos e financiar as ambições alemãs de conquista do mundo. Até mesmo o genocídio dos judeus pode não ter sido cometido apenas por uma questão racial, mas também pela avidez em roubar todas as riquezas de um povo. A vida secreta dos nazistas expõe a natureza criminosa desse regime brutal e corrupto e seus conflitos internos mortais, que se intensificavam à medida que sua liderança competia entre si pelos favores do Führer e lutava para impor sua autoridade em uma administração tão instável e autodestrutiva quanto seu líder. A GALERIA DOS VIGARISTAS JOSEPH GOEBBELS, O MANIPULADOR cínico da opinião pública e patologicamente egocêntrico, explorou sua posição como Ministro da Propaganda para ter uma série de casos clandestinos com belas estrelas de cinema e mobiliar seus escritórios e apartamentos com inestimáveis tapeçarias, antiguidades e obras de arte pagas com o orçamento do Ministério do Reich. Apesar da imagem de braço direito de Hitler, que Goebbels fazia questão de cultivar, o ministro foi excluído de todas as decisões importantes e se sentia profundamente perturbado pela evidente admiração exacerbada de sua esposa pelo Führer. Mesmo após o casamento, o ministro passava noites em claro atormentado pela ideia de que a mulher se casara com ele apenas para se aproximar do déspota. Hitler, por sua vez, manipulava astuciosamente a lealdade extrema de seu discípulo tecendo elogios ao homem que era chamado de “anão peçonhento” por seus inimigos, devido à baixa estatura causada por uma deficiência neurogênica (atrofia no pé direito). Goebbels buscou compensar sua deformação física criando uma personalidade poderosa e alimentando seu insaciável apetite sexual, deitando-se com incontáveis mulheres e relatando tais conquistas em seus volumosos diários. Embora fosse um colérico antissemita, ele manteve um longo caso com uma atriz judia e anotava obsessivamente todas as vezes em que se deitava com ela. Goebbels era desprezado pelos outros líderes nazistas e os detestava por isso, o que explica o ódio destilado contra seus rivais políticos, principalmente Göring, a quem descreveu como um “pedaço de merda congelada”. Alfred Rosenberg, o “filósofo” nazista que criou o mito da superioridade da “raça ariana”, era menosprezado tanto por Göring quanto por Goebbels, que não suportavam sua bajulação sicofanta de Hitler e sua reclamação incessante de que teria sido excluído do círculo íntimo do Führer. Apesar de seu papel como ideólogo do regime, era mais um membro da administração que ignorava as próprias doutrinas quando lhe convinha: seu antissemitismo virulento não foi suficiente para que se desse ao trabalho de esconder sua amante judia. A despeito da hipocrisia, o conselheiro se torturava pelo fato de que ninguém na liderança nazista levava suas teorias exóticas a sério. Até mesmo Hitler considerava suas ideias antissemitas um “lixo ilógico”. Martin Bormann, o secretário privado de Hitler, era unanimemente desprezado pela elite nazista por impedir o acesso ao Führer. Um implacável causador de intrigas, ele manteve arquivos secretos sobre as indiscrições cometidas por seus rivais e aqueles que coagia a se tornarem informantes. Embora sustentasse a imagem pública de um dedicado homem de família, Bormann convenceu sua esposa a compartilhar o lar com sua amante e aceitar que ele tivesse mais filhos com ela. Ele foi estratégico em processar o clero com acusações falsas de corrupção e abuso sexual que levaram ao descrédito da Igreja e substituição do cristianismo pela ideologia nazista, além de ter sido o principal instigador da “Solução Final”, que determinou o assassinato sistemático dos judeus e o roubo de suas riquezas pessoais. Hans Frank, o sádico governador geral da Polônia, viveu como um príncipe em um palácio opulento enquanto presidia uma nação escrava. Ele protestou contra execuções sem julgamento sob o argumento de que feria o sistema judicial nazista, porém ordenou pessoalmente o aprisionamento de judeus nos guetos e seu subsequente extermínio. Heinrich Himmler usou sua influência como chefe da SS e da Gestapo para supervisionar o roubo de milhões de libras em propriedades tanto de judeus quanto de não judeus, além de comandar o sistemático confisco de instituições financeiras na Alemanha e países ocupados. O ex-fazendeiro de aves tornou-se o mais temido homem do Terceiro Reich, com poder de vida ou morte sobre milhões de pessoas, tanto dentro da Alemanha quanto nos territórios ocupados, onde sua “elite” da SS assassinava sob o domínio da impunidade. Embora se declarasse um homem bem casado e marido fiel, ele teve um longo caso extraconjugal com uma secretária, que lhe gerou dois filhos. E apesar de ser descrito por seus subordinados como um puritano, o comandante tinha um interesse anormal na vida privada de seus homens que beirava o prazer voyeurístico, além de conduzir o sinistro programa de procriação compulsória Lebensborn (A Fonte da Vida), no qual homens da SS recebiam uma companheira pré-selecionada para reproduzirem a “raça pura” ariana. Quando o projeto fracassou em produzir uma prole suficiente, Himmler ordenou o sequestro de dezenas de milhares de crianças com traços arianos vindas dos territórios ocupados. O Reichsführer-SS também presidiu o programa de esterilização forçada que submeteu 320 mil mulheres alemãs saudáveis a operações invasivas, algumas ainda com seus 15 anos, porque sua “pureza” fora julgada insuficiente para gerarem filhos à altura do Reich. Centenas morreram em cirurgias malsucedidas e por complicações e infecções, e muitas mais sofreram danos psicológicos por terem sido oficialmente declaradas “impróprias para casamento” ou “mentalmente fracas”. Reinhard Heydrich, o oficial imediatamente abaixo de Himmler, considerava a si mesmo um homem inteligente e culto. Ele tocava violino e chegou a confessar que achava as execuções “horríveis”, embora o uso de gás para exterminar judeus fosse estranhamente “tranquilizador” para o militar. Um mulherengo em série, ele usou suas habilidades para preparar a armadilha conhecida como Salon Kitty, um bordel em Berlim cheio de escutas secretas para bisbilhotar as confissões íntimas de altos oficiais do Exército alemão e diplomatas estrangeiros. Ele também planejou o assassinato dos líderes da milícia paramilitar Sturmabteilung (SA) e outros rivais políticos na “Noite das Facas Longas” em junho de 1934, o expurgo que consolidou o grupo de elite SS como instrumento de terror dominante no Estado nazista. Hermann Göring, o corpulento comandante-chefe da Luftwaffe,1 não se iludia a respeito do perigo representado pela SA, cuja sentença de morte ele assinou em 30 de junho de 1934, embora seu ódio represado pelo líder da SA Ernst Röhm e seus tenentes homossexuais possa ser um caso de repulsa de Caliban2 ao enxergar o próprio reflexo. “A SA não era nada além de uma máfia de gângsteres e pervertidos!”, bradava o falastrão Reichsmarschal,3 que gostava de se maquiar, exibir suas joias e se vestir como um “Nero perfumado”.
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