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The 100 Most Cited Articles in Dentistry

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The 100 Most Cited Articles in Dentistry Clin Oral Invest DOI 10.1007/s00784-013-1017-0 ORIGINAL ARTICLE The 100 most cited articles in dentistry Javier F. Feijoo & Jacobo Limeres & Marta Fernández-Varela & Isabel Ramos & Pedro Diz Received: 17 October 2012 /Accepted: 4 June 2013 # Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Abstract opinion (19 %). The most common area of study was peri- Objectives To identify the 100 most cited articles published odontology (43 % of articles). in dental journals. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report of the Materials and methods A search was performed on the top-cited articles in Dentistry. There is a predominance of Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Web of Science for clinical studies, particularly case series and narrative the most cited articles in all the journals included in the reviews/expert opinions, despite their low-evidence level. Journal Citation Report (2010 edition) in the category of The focus of the articles has mainly been on periodontology “Dentistry, Oral Surgery, and Medicine”. Each one of the and implantology, and the majority has been published in the 77 journals selected was analyzed using the Cited Reference highest impact factor dental journals. Search tool of the ISI Web of Science database to identify the Clinical significance The number of citations that an article most cited articles up to June 2012. The following informa- receives does not necessarily reflect the quality of the re- tion was gathered from each article: names and number of search, but the present study gives some clues to the topics authors, journal, year of publication, type of study, method- and authors contributing to major advances in Dentistry. ological design, and area of research. Results The number of citations of the 100 selected articles Keywords Most cited articles . Dentistry . ISI web of varied from 326 to 2050. All articles were published in 21 of knowledge . Impact factor the 77 journals in the category. The journals with the largest number of the cited articles were the Journal of Clinical Periodontology (20 articles), the Journal of Periodontology Introduction (18 articles), and the Journal of Dental Research (16 articles). There was a predominance of clinical research (66 %) over One of the most widely used methods for evaluating the basic research (34 %). The most frequently named author academic importance of an article in a specific area of was Socransky SS, with 9 of the top 100 articles, followed by knowledge is to determine the number of times that that Lindhe J with 7. The decades with most articles published of publication has been cited by other authors [1]. It has been the 100 selected were 1980–1989 (26 articles) and 1990– speculated that the number of citations that an article re- 1999 (25 articles). The most common type of article was the ceives may express the capacity of that article to generate case series (22 %), followed by the narrative review/expert changes in clinical practice, discussion, controversy, or fur- ther research [2]. However, there is considerable debate regarding the value of citation rates to assess the quality of : : : : research or the relevance of its authors [3]. There is a possi- J. F. Feijoo J. Limeres M. Fernández-Varela I. Ramos P. Diz bility of temporal bias in the citation analysis because a paper Grupo de Investigación en Odontología Médico-Quirúrgica (OMEQUI). School of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de tends to accumulate citations over time; however, as the Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela A Coruña, Spain content of these papers is absorbed into current knowledge, citation rates may then fall progressively. In contrast, recent * P. Diz ( ) articles may not have had sufficient publication time to School of Medicine and Dentistry, Special Needs Unit, c/Entrerríos sn, 15782 Santiago de Compostela A Coruña, Spain generate high-citation rates. There are no indices that enable e-mail: [email protected] us to determine whether an article is more useful to those Clin Oral Invest clinicians who can apply its concepts in daily practice— clinical trials, case–control studies, cohort studies, animal stud- meaning that an article can be widely read but hardly ever ies, in vitro studies, new materials or techniques, narrative cited—or to investigators who need to be cited in order to review/expert opinion, systematic review/meta-analysis, or case achieve financial support or personal promotion [4]. However, series) and level of evidence [18], specific area of study (adhe- it has been demonstrated that citation analysis in specific areas sion restorations, caries, behavior management, implantology, of knowledge correlates well with other indices of scientific oral medicine/pathology, bone morphology/histology, pediatric recognition [5], and this resource has therefore achieved great dentistry, orthodontics, endodontics, oral hygiene, periodontol- popularity for the quantification of the citation impact of a ogy, saliva/biochemistry, or orofacial pain-dysfunction/pain country, a journal, an article, an author, a specialty, or a given syndrome), and the year of publication. disease [3, 6–8]. Two independent reviewers performed the selection of the Since 1945, the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) articles. When there was discrepancy, the opinion of a third has been compiling the most relevant bibliometric informa- reviewer was requested to achieve consensus. tion from published scientific articles, although the Science Citation Index, a specific tool to quantify citations, was not initiated until 1962. At the present time, this resource is Results called the Science Citation Index Expanded and it forms a section of the Web of Science [9]. This platform for The number of citations of the 100 articles selected varied bibliometric analysis has been used to identify the most between 326 and 2,050; each of the first 4 articles of the widely cited articles in different fields of medical science, ranking exceeded 1,000 citations and each of the first 35 had including general surgery [10], otorhinolaryngology [11], more than 500 citations (Table 1). Although it is clear that we dermatology [12], neurosurgery [13], urology [14], rehabil- cannot make a specific comment about all the papers individ- itation [15], and ophthalmology [8]. To our knowledge, no ually, we would like to do this at least for the three most citation analysis has been published in the field of dentistry, relevant ones. The most cited paper to date, with 2,050 cita- although this has been undertaken in some dental specialties, tions, was a review of the extracellular matrix metalloprotein- such as endodontics [16], and in journals of the specialty, ases and their role in the development of certain pathological such as the British Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial conditions, such as periodontal disease; that article was pub- Surgery [17]. lished in 1993 by Henning Birkedal-Hansen et al. (Table 1)in The objective of the present study was to use these the journal Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine. bibliometric resources to identify the 100 most cited articles The following article, with 1,765 citations, was a report of the published in dental journals and to analyze their principal study published in the International Journal of Oral Surgery characteristics. in 1981 by Ragnar Adell et al. (from the group led by Per- Ingvar Brånemark) on the rehabilitation of the edentulous jaw using osseointegrated implants, with an initial phase of Material and methods standardization of the surgical and prosthetic techniques and a second phase of 5 to 9 years of follow-up of 895 For the purpose of this study, we selected the 77 journals implants (Table 1). The third most cited article, with 1,480 included in the category “Dentistry, Oral Surgery, and citations, had the title Experimental Gingivitis in Man and Medicine” in the database of the 2010 edition of the Journal was published in 1965 by Harald Loë et al. (Table 1)in Citation Report: Science Edition,asectionoftheWebof the Journal of Periodontology. That was a simple clinical Science [9]. The journals Critical Reviews in Oral Biology study with only 12 volunteers and the aim of the authors and Medicine, now a section of the Journal of Dental were to investigate the consequences of the interruption of Research,andtheInternational Journal of Oral Surgery,now toothbrushing and of any other oral hygiene procedure on known as the International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial the deposition of dental plaque and the appearance of Surgery, were also reviewed. Using the Cited Reference Search gingivitis. tool of the ISI Web of Knowledge, we determined the number Twenty-five articles were attributed to a single author and of citations of all the articles published in those journals from 18 articles to two authors, while the number of authors 1945 through June 2012. The 100 most cited articles were exceeded six in 12 publications. In quantitative terms, the selected and the following information was compiled for each author with most articles was Sigmund S. Socransky, with 9 one: ranking based on the number of citations, number and articles of the 100 selected articles, followed by Jan Lindhe names of the authors, journal in which published and the 2011 with 7, Harald Löe, Jørgen Slots, and Anne D. Haffajee with Journal Citation Report: Science Edition impact factor of the 6 articles each, and Sture R. Nyman with 5 (Table 2). journal, type of study (basic or clinical), methodological design Qualitatively, the following names stood out when consider- (case report, classifications or tools for evaluating results, ing only those authors with more than one publication Clin Oral Invest Table 1 The 100 most cited articles in dentistry Ranking Reference (2011 JCR Science Edition impact factor; evidence level, EL) Citations 1 Birkedal-Hansen H, Moore WG, Bodden MK, Windsor LJ, Birkedal-Hansen B, DeCarlo A et al. (1993). Matrix 2,050 metalloproteinases: a review. Crit Rev Oral Biol Meda 4:197–250.
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