Speeches, Biographies O f SWF Leaders — SEE PAGES 3 AND 4 — the MILITANT PUBLISHED IN THE INTERESTS OF THE WORKING PEOPLE
VOL. V ili—No. 1 NEW YORK, N. Y„ SATURDAY, JANUARY 1, 1944 PRICE: FIVE CENTS
ROOSEVELT FACES NEW LABOR(•) CRISIS N. Y. Farewell Banquet Convicted fiM ilita n t9 Editor Speaks Steel And Railway Workers Honors Convicted 18 Seek To Smash Wage Freeze Roosevelt Orders Army to Seize Railroads; 300 Workers Hear Railroaded SWP Leaders Affirm International Commands Steel Workers to Return to Work Socialist Anti-War Stand Just Before Leaving for Penitentiary By C. Thomas By Art Preis The strike threat of the raihvaymen, the outbreak of the steel workers strike and the previous four strikes of the coal NEW YORK, Dec. 26. — Six of the 18 Trotskyist incorruptibles being miners have given Roosevelt’s labor prestige a severe pounding. railroaded to federal prison New Year's Eve because of their uncompromising Roosevelt had expressed a desire to present a Christmas present revolutionary socialist opposition to capitalism and its war, tonight bade a tem to the nation in the form of a “ peaceful” settlement of the rail way wage dispute, offering to personally arbitrate all the ques porary farewell to their co-thinkers and comrades at an historic Farewell Dinner tions involved. Under heavy pressure from the rail workers, given by the New York Local of the Socialist Workers Party. three of the Railway Brotherhood unions proved recalcitrant and refused Roosevelt’s arbitration offer. James P. Cannon, National Secretary of the SWP, Farrell Dobbs, editor Two of the Brotherhood officials, Alvanley Johnston of the o f The Militant, Felix Morrow, editor of the Fourth International, Oscar Sclxo. Engineers and A. F. Whitney,® ' enfeld, AI Russell and Karl Kuelm, worker militants, defended their interna President of the Trainmen, ac of all the present managements cepted Roosevelt’s offer and of the railroads will be enlisted tional socialist ideas in their last public messages before beginning prison sen called o ff their strike. This act in the operation of their lines un tences ranging from one r1 of treachery was duplicated by der regional headquarters which . i £■ * 11? __ ist, Eugene V. Debs, railroaded are to be established by the gov year to 1 6 months. Fro m to pris(fn in the last war for his spokesmen for the 15 non-oper Profit-Mad Bosses ating railway unions whose ernm ent.” the Other defendants, ad- militant antiwar stand, the con- membership had voted over APPOINTS BOSSES dressing meetings in M m - gojnff t0 -ail because thcy have whelmingly to strike after get Endanger Soldiers As head of these regional head Farrell Dobbs, editor of THE MILITANT and one of the 18 Trotskyist leaders ting the run-around for fifteen neapolis and Chicago, refused to lie, to betray their quarters, Stimson appointed seven convicted under the Smith “Gag” Act, addresses the SWP farewell banquet in New months. Already frightened by came messages of com- principles, to keep silent in the railroad presidents, each of whom Lives, Trials Show Y o rk, Dec. 26. their own “bold talk” about how 0 face of persecution. They' told the received a colonel’s commission “it pays to get tough” the white- plete solidarity. 1 truth about this war before it How two great profit-mad in the U. S. Army. In comparing livered bureaucrats ran for cover Just as two years ago in the began, after it began, and ever corporations deliberately endan The next number of THE the present seizure with that gered the lives of American when Roosevelt began brandish Minneapolis courtroom they: since. But they have gone beyond MILITANT will be another which occurred during the first troops by passing off on the gov ing the big stick. As the Dec. 30 defended their principles in the j Debs. Negro Ship Workers special 6-page issue, with im World War, Frederick Ely_ W il ernment millions of dollars worth strike deadline approaches their liamson, president of the New face of the government’s lying \ They have committed the “crime portant feature items on the of defective and improperly in colleagues are preparing to fol York Central railroad, now des barrage and refused to recant of crimes” in the eyes of the Minneapolis case. The historic when the judge passed sentence j ruthless capitalist masters. They spected war materials was reveal lo w su it. cribed as “a colonel without a Fight For Equality speeches of James P. Cannon ed last week in the federal trial upon them, so tonight their words have ‘ helped..... to build a Bolshevik- uniform” in charge of the East of the Anaconda Wire and Cable and Farrell Dobbs w ill also be were a ringing affirmation of party, the Socialist Workers CHRISTMAS PRESENT ern regional headquarters stated: Corp., subsidiary of the giant By R . B ell printed . their Bolshevik convictions and Party, modeled on the program “This is an entirely different Anaconda Copper trust, and by Instead of a Christmas present their devotion to the principles and methods of Lenin and One of the most illusory conceptions in the labor move situation. The whole spirit of this the Federal Grand Jury indict to the nation of a "peaceful” set of socialism. Trotsky. And that party, unlike ment, particularly prevalent among an important section of the ment of ten supervisory em tlement, Roosevelt issued an order order is to disturb as little as pos the Socialist Party, is a Bolshevik UNYIELDING STAND ployees of the St. Louis Ordnance old-line AFL craft-union leaders, is that after this war there State Department to tho army to take over the sible the corporate and operating Party, a combat party, united and Plant, government-financed am will be a return to business unionism-as-usual. Inherent in this railroads on behalf of the Wall forces of the railroads.” Theirs were not words of indestructible, whose 18 convicted munition plant run by the U. S. Street oligarchy which owns and bravado or false heroics. But leaders are only an epitome of conception is the idea that there w ill be a return to the tight In the last war, the Federal gov Cartridge Company, subsidiary of Issues Lies About controls them. According to Sec simply and firmly, each in his the entire ranks. little job trusts in which a relatively small number of skilled ernment itself operated the rail the giant Western Cartridge Com retary of War, Stimson, plans for roads, appointed its own officials, own way, they Reaffirmed their The fight to free the eighteen workers enjoyed a privileged position. Within this milieu, the pany. such a seizure had been worked collected the earnings and paid unyielding stand against the im thus goes far beyond a mere Its Refugee Policy A parade of witnesses, including die-hard craft union officialdom occupied a comfortable posi out by the W a r D epartm ent on rent to the owners. This seizure, perialist war. They called once defense of the eighteen in many self-implicated officials of tion, enjoyed a good salary and® By DAN SHELTON orders from Commander-in-Chief as the “colonel without uniform” more upon the workers of the dividuals from a frameup con Anaconda Wire, testified in Roosevelt while negotiations were says, will be entirely different. world to unite in revolutionary viction in violation of their con ruled over a relatively satisfied I an Oregon. District Court at Providence, R. I., ed to the infamous record of his arbitration “carrot” Roosevelt magnates will not be disturbed. of mankind. jor importance, of course. But about the elaborate tricks devised itself too much with such “ sub Congress rushed into the breach, the administration’s treatment did not neglect the club. Only the workers will be forced more important, it is a fight for They knew why they are going in the company’s Pawtucket, versive” doctrines as rank and however, and passed a rider of the refugees when Assistant Only the two operating brother to work, at bayonet point if ne the democratic rights of the work to jail. Their message will cut R. I., plant to evade government file control. preventing the NLRB from in hoods who had called off the cessary, under a constantly dec ing class as a whole, who must Secretary of State Breckinridge through the lies of the govern inspection standards and palm off terfering with any contract which strike were covered by the arbi lining standard of living. The correctly regard this frameup of Many of the craft unions ex Long appeared before the House ment, the conspiracy of silence of on the government defective wire had been in existence for over tration award. Roosevelt’s deci answer of tho railroad workers to perienced a mushroom growth the capitalist press, and the weak- proletarian leaders as part of the and cable intended for signaling three months. Foreign Affairs Committee to sion granted them an increase of the government seizure must be with the outbreak of war. kneed apologetics of the liberal general capitalist drive to hand in actual combat. The company The division of the shipyard oppose two pending bills for a “live cents per hour in lieu of the demand to nationalize tho cuff the American labor move Hundred of thousands of new’ spokesmen for the “war for had previously been convicted of workers into twenty crafts con- c’aims for time-and-a-half pay for railroads under workers control. ment and crush it under the full workers joined the unions. The Commission to Rescue the Jew democracy.” similar murderous practices in its \ stitutes a tremendous obstacle to time over forty hours and for ex Let those who do the work ex burden of the war. Above all, officials eyed these newcomers ish people of Europe. From be- They are going to jail because Marion, Ind. plant, but had unified action of the workers in penses w h ile away from home.” ercize control over the railroads it is part of the battle for the with suspicion. With millions of of their intransigent opposition to escaped real punishment by pay defense of their basic interests. gining to end Long’s testimony This amount, in addition to the for the benefit of the people and socialist emancipation of humanity men drafted into the armed the real purposes behind the ing the insignificant fine of This was graphically illustrated was a monstrous piece of hypo four cents an hour increase prev not the “co’onels without uni forces, the government was com Cairo and Teheran conferences, from the butchery of capitalist $31,000. when John Frey, head of the AFL crisy and falsehood. iously allowed by economic stab form” who arc merely agents of war and fascism. pelled to reach out for a sup w here Roosevelt an'd C h urch ill Metal Trades Department, led Masquerading as a generous ilizer, Vinson, grants them a total the Wall street bankers. ST. LOUIS CASE plementary labor, supply. Women secretly perfected their plans for members of his organization increase of nine cents an hour. and negroes were accepted" in the humanitarian, Long boasted that Allied imperialist control of the FREE THE 18 In the St. Louis Ordnance Plant through a Machinists picket line The non-operating unions, in turn STEEL WALKOUT growing industrial establishment. “the U. S. has admitted about world and the brutal suppression Everyone present at the fare case, the defendants are charged at the Moore Shipyard in Oak accepted the previous proposal This created an acute problem for 580,000 victims of persecution by The walkout of the steel work of the European and colonial with conspiracy to defraud the land, California. made by Vinson of a sliding scale well dinner was imbued with the the craft officialdom. the Hitler regime since it began ers began on Christmas eve after social revolutions. The jailing of government in connection with the This policy of keeping the work of 4 to 10 cents an hour but plead realization of the historic signi On the one hand, they feared 10 years ago.” These figures are Phillip Murray, CIO president and these 18 men and women for the packing and shipment of im ers divided in craft formations ed with the President for the that the influx of young workers deliberately deceptive. Before H it head of the Steel Workers Union, “crime” of expressing their op ficance of this struggle, properly inspected small arms was extended to the point of same consideration as was given would endanger their machine ler came to power in the decade was scornfully rebuffed by the position to capitalist exploitation embodied in the slogan: “Free ammunition, used primarily in creating artificial divisions within the other renegades. The three control of the union. On the other from 1923 to 1933 more than two War Labor Board. The WLB, and war refutes Roosevelt’s the Eighteen!”, as they listened close quarter combat. The indict one union. Thousands of workers unions which held out are. so far, hand, they feared the CIO, whose million immigrants entered this which had been compelled to ac grandiloquent protestations of to the powerful and inspiring ment states the defendants con were excluded from all union life country. This is 75 percent more not included in the award. attractive power was greater than cede to the coal m in e rs’ demand devotion to the “four freedoms.” spired to “ cause certain ammuni by means of the permit system. theirs for the new mass of work than the number Mr. Long him Secretary Stimson dispelled for a retroactive provision guar Like the great American social- (Continued on page 5) tions to be received by agents of Other thousands were herded into ers. They frantically cast about self gives for the Hitler decade. whatever apprehension Wall anteeing that any increase be the War Department and paid auxiliary locals where they were for solutions. They received aid But even these statistics for the Street might have had about the dated from the expiration of the for by the Government, which reduced to the status of second- past ten years are fraudulent. Of from both the employers and the government's “taking possession” agreement, unceremoniously dis- government in the attempt to of the railroads by ’ reassuringly CRDC MEETING IN CHICAGO (Continued on page 5) (Continued on page 2) preserve their position. The Paci (Continued on page 6) stating that: “The cooperation (Continued on page 6) fic Coast shipbuilding industry CONDEMNS FRAME-UP OF 18 well illustrates this process. CHICAGO, Dec. 26. — Prominent spokesmen for civil lib HENRY KAISER Military Clique Quickly Overthrows erties and working class political organizations sharply condemn ed the refusal of the U. S. Supreme Court to review the convic Henry Kaiser emerged as the outstanding cost-plus tycoon of Oppressive Peñaranda Regime In Bolivia tions of the 18 Minneapolis prisoners and pledged support in the the shipbuilding industry on the The Peñaranda government 1942, Penaranda’s troops shot Secretary of State Hull denied fight for their liberation at the protest meeting sponsored by the Pacific Coast. Prior to the war, Nationalist Revolutionary Party. them down in cold blood and these accusations, I. F. Stone Chicago branch of the C ivil Rights Defense Committee held here he was head of a group of com of Bolivia was quickly over The NRP is an instrument of broke their strike at the cost of published in the Jan. 9 Nation panies engaged in large scale thrown on Dec. 21 in a typical reactionary-minded officers and tonight in the main ballroom of® scores of miner’s lives. copies of cables from the State landowners. The strong-arm rule of the Workers Defense League, construction. In this capacity, he South American coup d’etat by the Midland Hotel. Since then no labor unions have Department to the 11. S. Am of-one of its chief leaders, Major known to thousands of Chicago had made the acquaintance of the a military clique of young o f been permitted to operate in the bassador. proving that Hull and Alberto Taborga, director of the The audience of over three workers for his services as labor officials of the Building Trades ficers organized under the Na important mining centers. Boals were deliberately putting La Paz traffic police, has been attorney to their unions, pointed unions and found them to be hundred workers vigorously ap tionalist Revolutionary Party. pressure upon Penaranda’s gov fought by the powerful Bolivian out the importance of the Minnea “ reasonable” business men, jealous plauded the speakers as they de MASS OPPOSITION ernment to keep the miners in taxi-drivers union. polis prosecutions to the labor of their jurisdiction and not The revolt was facilitated by conditions of starvation and nounced the Smith “ Gag” Act movement and stressed the need averse to making deals at the ex This mass opposition has been These reactionary leaders are the bitter hatred of the Bolivian servitude. as the most dangerous legal of uniting all sections of the la pense of other crafts. With the reenforced and sharpened by now making a bid for the favor threat to civil liberties in the Uni bor movement in common strug breaking of ground for new ship masses toward the Peñaranda bitter hostility against predatory Shortly after the American of the workers by broadcasting ted States and warned that the gle against the menace to working yard construction, the Building regime which has shown itself American imperialism. Almost Ambassador smeared the striking demagogic promises. Although it Minneapolis case was the opening class rights arising out of the vir HAS VOTE IN HIS POCKET Trades unions were first in the to be a savagely oppressive all of Bolivia’s tin production is Bolivian miners as “Nazi sabo has been reported that the work wedge in the reactionary drive of contracted to an RFC subsidiary, teurs,” butcher Peñaranda visited ing class Revolutionary Party of tual upholding of the Smith Act Senator George, Chairman of field because of their control of agency of the tin-mining m ulti the administration to revoke la the United States, was feasted the Left will support the new by the highest court. the Senate Finance Committee, the construction industry. the Metals Reserves Corporation. bor’s democratic rights. millionaires and of U. S. im The principal mines involved in by Roosevelt at the White House, militarist regime, the Bolivian The audience was deeply moved opened the floodgates of profit On the basis of employing perialism. and hailed by the capitalist press workers cannot place the slightest Charles Liebman, chief counsel when comrade Albert Goldman for the war contractors by his AFL construction workers, Kaiser the labor strikes and slaughter as a champion of democracy and confidence in its benevolent in o f the Chicago Civil Liberties stepped forward on the platform. proposal to kill the Renegotia would sign close shop agreements Seventy percent of Bolivia’s are owned by the Patino in a firm ally of the United Na tentions. They can win a restora Union, emphasized the irony of The calm courage and dignity evi tions A ct. with the AFL Metal Trades de income depends upon its tin terests, a subsidiary of the Na tion of their rights only by relying th e fact that while in Britain a dent. in his bearing drew a m o Washington columnist Drew partment covering all future revenues. Peñaranda has worked tional Lead Company, an Ameri tions. fascist like Mosley was let out ment of silent tribute—and then Pearson reported that Mr. Alvord, shipbuilding workers to be em hand in glove with the tin can corporation. upon the independent action of HATED REGIME o f jail, in the United States lead an outburst of applause— for this Chairman of the Federal Finance ployed after the completion of the profiteers who keep the mine Last December, Ernesto Glar- their own economic and political ing anti-fascists were imprisoned. socialist leader who had fought Committee of the U. S. Chamber yard. This device of signing closed workers In a state of peonage za, labor representative of the This reward for his services to organizations. H e called upon all sincere believ so many times in the Chicago of Commerce, boasted that he had shop agreements before the ship and starvation. Under the Tin Pan American Union, accused Big Business did not increase In (heir fight against the op ers in the principles of free speech courts for other labor victims of Senator George’s vote “in his building personnel wras even hired, Trust’s “Little Tin Formula” U. S. Ambassador to Bolivia, Penaranda’s popularity among pressive intervention of U. S. im to back the national campaign to capitalist persecution and was pocket.” eliminated the potential rivalry wages range from 12M¡ to 75 Pierce Boals, with intervening the Bolivian masses. They cer perialism, the Bolivian workers fre e the 18 and secure repeal of now himself about to be impris- Senator George’s activities of the CIO. This practice was so cents a day. When the workers against the striking miners and tainly wasted no tears on the must seek to strengthen their th e Smith “ Gag” Act. show that Drew Pearson knew flagrant that under pressure of at the Catavi tin mines struck preventing enactment of the overturn of the hated Peñaranda links with American labor, al grands Heisler, general counsel (Continued on page 2) what he was talking about. the CIO, the NLRB stepped in against these conditions in Dec. long-sought labor code. A fter regime by the conspirators of the ready forged through the CIO. TW O — THE MILITANT SATURDAY, JANUARY 1, 1944 Secret Diplomacy And The Yugoslav Partisans By William I<\ Warde terranean theatre, accused the priest Djuitch, a The Partisan movement originated in the inde when they saw their Red Star caps and badges. Has Stalin consented to halt the expropriations follower of Mikhailovich, of open collaboration pendent resistance of the Yugoslav workers and There were scenes where cousins and even of private property by the workers and peasants It is now clear that one of the conspiratorial with the Axis. According to the N. Y. Times peasants against the Axis invaders. This struggle brothers embraced in effusive Slav fashion.” and renounced Sovietization in exchange for mi understandings secretly sealed at the Moscow (Dec. 24), the British Ambassador to the Yugo of the masses for national liberation was from litary aid to Tito’s army and political support and Teheran conferences involved an agreement slav Government-in-Exile in Cairo told Prime M in the outset fused with the class struggle against General Recruitment to his newly-announced government? Earl Brow by Roosevelt and Churchill to switch support ister Pourich that the British m ilitary intelligence the native landlords and capitalists who for gen der, in his speech delivered Sunday, Dec. 19 at from Gen. Drazha Mikhailovich to Marshal Tito’s held proofs of the cooperation between “influen erations have savagely oppressed and exploited In the Partisan forces are recruits from all Cooper Union, castigated “those who refuse to Yugoslav Partisan forces. This has been semi tial lieutenants of Gen. Drazha Mikhailovich and them. Sulzberger relates that, shortly after Tito the Balkan peoples, escaped prisoners of the recognize the bourgeois democratic character of officially confirmed by the N. Y. Times corre German commanders in the Balkans.” and Mikhailovich signed a treaty for joint action Axis and deserting troops. Italian fascist units, , the Yugoslavian Government of Liberation and Germans and Bulgarians who have come over to spondent, C. L. Sulzberger, who was permitted For the first time the relative strength of the on O ct.' 21, 1941, “ General M ikh a ilo vich attacked who are denouncing it as a ‘communist dictator the Partisans are accepted, it is reported, as to cable from Cairo on Dec. 24: “ It is evident that opposing forces has been disclosed. “ The Partisans Tito’s Uzice stronghold.” This state of civil war ship. . ” (Daily Worker, Dec. 26.) equals. According to the N. Y. Times (Dec. 20), the three great powers, among other things, for now assert, and these figures are confirmed by has continued up to the present. Although Tito has demanded sole recognition 16,000 Bulgars have deserted from the army, mulated some sort of agreement on the Balkans the heads of both the British and American mis The Partisan movement dates its birth from for his government and warned King Peter not to taking their rifles and large quantities of am and the out-and-out pro-partisan policy of the sions, that General Mikhailovich has only an es Hitler’s invasion of the Soviet Union. “ In June return to Yugoslavia, the Anglo-American part munition. “ They have become guerrillas, created Russians is now beginning to be shared by the timated 15,000 followers fighting for him against when the Nazis attacked Russia,” writes Sulz ners appear to be holding Peter in reserve in havoc for the Germans, as well as for their own British. . . The American policy. . . rather hesi Marshal Tito’s 250,000.” (N. Y. Times, Dec. 25). berger, “the Partisans began their active fight.” case they fail to get what they want from Stalin. puppet government, which they hope to overthrow. From Cairo on Dec. 24 the N. Y. Times reports tantly follows British policy.” These figures show that King Peter’s Govern Although the principal organizers and official Recently 5,000 of them joined the Yugoslav for that: “Britain maintained its position that Lon This new turn in Anglo-American tactics has ment-in-Exile and his m ilitary tools around which heads of the movement are either Stalinists or ces o f M arshal T ito .” don and all other allies still recognized King resulted in the sending of some material aid, the most reactionary forces and cliques have clus under Stalinist influence, it is by no means an The acknowledged predominance of the Stalin Peter as head of Yugoslavia. There was nothing m ilitary supplies and missions to the Partisans tered, command no support among the Yugoslav artificial or bureaucratic creation of the Krem ists within the Partisan movement presents, of to indicate that any outright demand by Mar who have hitherto had to rely on the arms and peoples. lin. It is rather an authentic movement of the course, the greatest internal danger to its success. shal Tito for exclusive recognition would be munitions which they themselves produced or The firm refusal of these insurgent workers workers and peasants emerging out of their armed The Yugoslav workers and peasants are fighting granted him.” captured. and peasants to follow anyone associated with the uprising, although dominated at the present time to drive the imperialists from their lands, for the by the Stalinists. While the imperialists and Stalinists engage in • monarchy and the reactionary ruling classes has right to choose their own government, for social their intrigues, the struggle of the workers and Diplomatic Shift frustrated for the time being the Anglo-Amer liberation and economic security. The land-hungry ican conspiracy to resaddle the old discredited Inspired by Red Army * peasants continues. Their tasks are to build their The diplomatic shift of the Allies has been peasants want to take the land from the land monarchy upon the backs of the Yugoslav peo own revolutionary party, their trade unions, lords. The workers want control over industry reflected in the brusque transformation of the The attraction of the Balkan workers and peas workers, peasants and soldiers councils, to expel ples. and a republic based upon the power of the peo official attitude toward the Mikhailovich forces ants to the traditions and ideas of the October all imperialist forces from their soil, and to es ple. in Yugoslavia. Until recently Allied propagand Revolution undoubtedly inspire their struggles. tablish their own Workers and Peasants Republic. Epic Tale The allegiance of the Stalinist leaders, how ists have portrayed Mikhailovich, “chief of the They have also from the outset been inspired by To achieve these tasks, the Partisans w ill have ever, is not to the insurgent workers and peas Chetniks”, as the warrior-hero of the Yugoslav The first extended description of the Partisan the heroic fight of the Red Aymies. The first to fight against the inevitable attempts of Stalin ants but to the Stalin bureaucracy. For Stalin peoples. Tito’s Partisans were condemned as struggles was cabled from Cairo by C. L. Sulz government set up at Bihac in November 1942 to betray their struggle. the Partisan movement is only a pawn in his “ communist bands” and “ tools of Russia” or else berger and published in the N. Y. Times of Dec. took the name of Vece (Soviet.) Many features The idea of a free Federation of the Balkan maneuvers with the imperialists. To promote his dismissed as insignificant. 23. This report was released following a con of the Red Army have been imitated by the Par peoples and unity with the Soviet Union which reactionary nationalist policy Stalin is capable ■ Now the controlled press is busily tearing down ference between Tito’s representatives and the tisans: the use of the Re4 Star insignia, the use permeates the Partisan ranks is profoundly pro of selling out this revolutionary mass movement the false front they have built up around M ikhail Allied military command at Alexandria. It rec of the word “comrade” in greetings, the use of gressive. These aims can be realized only if the and attempting to restrict it within limits im ovich. High officials substantiate Partisan charges ords, as the Times grudgingly acknowledges, “an the closed-fist salute until Tito ordered it banned Yugoslav workers and peasants consummate their posed by the Anglo-American capitalists. that this tool of monarchist reaction and his aides epic tale of heroism and daring, !« * er, issued a forceful appeal to all tic Federation, sent messages of a recent radio speech by Prime A kro n 200.00 0 0 Comrades all over the country have been trade unions and working class solidarity to the 18. Factual evidence about the con Minister Mackenzie King, it is East Chicago 100.00 0 0 political organizations to join In response to the appeal made spiracy of the big food manu reported in the Dec. 20 CTO News. doing their part, often with considerable hard F lin t 100.00 0 0 hands in working for the repeal by Chairman Lydia Beidel, the facturing monopolists and the The report states that “ the speech, ship, but always with the Bolshevik spirit we M ilw aukee 25.00 0 0 of the Smith “ Gag” Act and par audience gave an impressive millionaire growers who run the regarded as a reply to the expect of them. Here are excerpts from some Philadelphia 150.00 0 0 don fo r the 18. “ The people on token of its solidarity by con farm bloc to “lift the lid on food demands put forward by labor at of the mail that has been arriving during the Q uakertow n 25.00 0 0 the outside have to get the peo tributing $206 to the Minneapolis prices and promote ‘controlled in special hearings before the War past week. You w ill notice that a brand new ple on the inside out,” he declared. Prisoners Relief Fund. flation’,” was presented recently Labor Board last spring, gave no Rochester 50.00 0 0 pledge of $50 is among them. before the Senate Finance sub indication that the government is committee by Walter Reuther, prepared to change its basic anti Minneapolis: — “I see they don’t want just T O T A L S $7,751.29 52% Vice President of the United la b o r policies. . .” ‘drops’ to fight for the eighteen; but I w ill send Automobile Workers, CIO. The Trades and Labor Congress one dollar of my poverty, hoping others w ill do Reuther charged that the “ manu (AFL), the Canadian Congress of Read the Trial Testimony the same, so it can be •— a storm which will facturers . . . of the best known Labor (CTO) and Railway NEGRO SHIPYARD WORKERS IN brands in packaged and processed Brotherhoods had joined in rock the foundation of capitalism.” foods,” including General Foods demands, for federal legislation Detroit: — “Each week we watch the M ilitant STRUGGLE FOR UNION RIGHTS Corporation, “ a giant combine of to make it compulsory for all IN DEFENSE OF SOCIALISM eagerly to see how the Special Fund is going, (Continued from page 1) were fired because “they were not many food manufacturers” which employers to bargain collec and the reports are always very encouraging. . . members in good standing.” The in 1942 grabbed “a return of 17 tively with their workers; for a by ALBERT GOLDMAN Enclosed is $310 to be applied on our quota, and company, part of the Kaiser cost- per cent on its net worth,” are minimum wage of $25 weekly, or class citizens. Separate auxiliaries we shall try to send in more before the week is plus combine, piously pointed to engaged in a campaign to pave 50 cents an hour; unfreezing of were established for women and their “closed shop” agreement, the way for uncontrolled food substandard wages throughout the over. What we really hope to do, if at all possi what was even more vicious—Jim when issuing discharge slips. As The official court record of the final speech of price inflation. country; full cost of living bonus ble, is to raise our fu ll amount before our eight Crow local auxiliaries for Negro quick as a flash, the news spread “To camouflage its inflation for all workers; public acknow een comrades have to leave. We are anxious to w orkers. the defense attorney, who is also one of the con through the yard that Negroes purpose,” Reuther stated, “the ledgment that decent wages are do all we can.” To the Negro workers belongs were being discharged for refus food manufacturers attack the not the cause of inflation; equal the credit of putting up the most victed defendants 1— truly a “defense of social- d Seattle: — “ Enclosed are money orders and ing to join the Jim Crow Boiler demand of industrial workers for pay for equal work for women; vigorous resistance against this check for $200 on our pledge. This brings Seat makers auxiliary. The San Fran increased wages as the chief in etc. policy of atomizing, weakening cisco News of Nov. 27 reported: flation threat. They falsify the The Prime Minister’s speech, it tle’s total to date to $300.” and corrupting the essential unity “More than 500 Negroes, includ facts about workers incomes, to is charged, indicated that the new of the working class. 1 0 0 pages Pittsburgh: — “Enclosed is $12 for the first ing women and children, gathered 1 0 cents shift the .blame to the workers, Labor Code w ill not make the em This resistance has recently payment on the $15,000 Fund. W ill pledge a outside the Marinship gate at and to cover up their own cam ployers recognize collective bar centered in the dispute with the to ta l o f $50 on th a t, and with luck w ill go over Sausalito today and held an in paign to knock out subsidies and gaining rights except in “ war in Boilermakers Union at the Marin- fit . ” dignation meeting” in protest — ii destroy price control.” dustry” only. It contemplates a ship yards at Sausalito, Cali against the discharges. A Food Industry War Commit stricter enforcement of the fornia. For over a year, the of tee has been set up by the manu maximum wage ceilings and a ficials of the Boilermakers Union For over a year, President facturers whose purpose is “to cost-of-living bonus so devised have attempted to force the Roosevelt’s FEPC had been SOCIALISM ON TRIAL get hard ceilings imposed on the that it will “make it impossible Negro workers at the Marinship piddling around with the issue. prices and wages which food for wages to keep pace with the yard into a Jim Crow auxiliary. Protests, appeals, resolutions had manufacturers pay, and soft ceil rise in living costs.” It is added The Negro workers have refused been literally showered on the by JAMES P. CANNON ings on the prices at which they that “ the false theory that wage to submit to this indignity, FEPC with no result other than and their distributors sell.” increases cause inflation is again proclaiming all the while their the promise of a hearing. The For all the facts so forcefully stressed.” solidarity with the union move demonstration of the Negro work The .official court record of his testimony —— a presented by Reuther before the Not even during this “war for ment and demanding admittance ers brought more results in a Senate committee, his own servile democracy” has the Canadian gov to the union on equal terms with few days than a whole years of simple and masterful introduction to the ideas Distributions of The M ilitant in and any such other publications policies have been a major ob ernment recognized labor’s right all other members. appeals. San Diego are bringing excellent that back up the common man and of socialism. stacle in preventing the workers to collective bargaining. results, as is witnessed by the uncover the greedy capitalist NEGROES FIRED The Negro ■workers realize full from fighting for increased wages The Canadian workers are well the implications of the Jim following letter: minority who, through their con to offset the price steals of the putting up a stronger and stronger Recently the Boilermakers of trol of the press, radio and Crow auxiliary local. Their strug corporations. He has helped to battle for their rights, as Mon “Your paper, ‘The Militant,’ ficials pressed for a showdown The first printing of this vital pamphlet has been wealth, try to keep us in gle for equal rights is the strug cram the no-strike policy down treal’s empty City Hall testified fell into my hands quite by on the issue and a number of ignorance. gle of all those hundreds of exhausted. The second edition is on the press and the throats of the CIO members, last week. Over 2,000 municipal accident near one of the defense Negro workers in the shipyard “ A m enclosing $2 fo r subscrip thousands of white workers, who will be ready for distribution by February 1st. and his present support of the white collar workers were out on plants here in San Diego, and let tion to this paper and what other have been placed in the auxiliary fight for subsidies is designed as strike demanding annual wage me say that after reading it, here literature you can send or furnish “isolation wards” created by the a substitute for an effective union increases o f $395 to $500. A verage is more solid truth in that paper terest in the social question, and me. labor skates. They understand the struggle for higher wages. weekly salary for single persons than in any I have ever read, in such a tendency toward radical “Yours for getting this paper too-clever scheme of the labor 1 3 0 pages 1 0 cents * * * is about $20, and for married cluding the union papers which thought. So far as the classes into the hands of more workers bureaucrats to rid themselves of Growing dislocations in the or persons about 524. This strike supposedly represent the work themselves are concerned, the and the real Americans—the the embarrassment of a large ganization of war production, to followed the action of the Mon ers. lid is on such thought more than common people.” membership when jobs become gether with rapid technological treal police and firemen, who “ I showed this paper to several ever, but the students are deeply scarce by the simple expedient of * * * advances, have begun to reveal stru ck fo r 14 hours and won a of my fellow workers, some interested. The petty-bourgeois in- dissolving the auxiliaries. Their themselves in curtailment of pro demand for union recognition. agreeing that it presented the From a student reader of The tellegenzia are half-conscious of struggle is a struggle for the PIONEER PUBLISHERS duction and lay-offs of thousands Among the striking unions was true facts and conditions while Militant comes the following ob the insecurity of their situation unity of the working class. If of workers in various sections of the National Syndicate of Muni one man said it was a radical servation : and sense in advance the coming only in the interests of self- the country. Accompanying lay cipal Employes and the Brother sheet. I don’t know what it is, “ The atmosphere on the campus storm. This is proof of the cor preservation, every class con- 116 University Place New York 3, N. Y. offs is the widespread down hood of Civic Employes, affiliated but radical or not, I like the views is astounding to me. Never be rectness of all your analyses of grading of workers to jobs paying with the Canadian Congress of and facts reported, and would like fore in my student experience the period. It is deeply encourag cious worker must support the lower wages. Labor. tq be a regular subscriber to it have I found such a general in- ing for the future.” Trotskyism produces, pro as had come and gone in the 1920’s, and that sooner or later new gains. Speech of Oscar Schoenfeld letarian leaders who will never w ilt in the heat of struggle, the Supreme Court would overrule tfhe Smith Gag .Act, and if One side of that process is to face outward to the masses. who w ill never betray you, wdio will lead you victoriously, and the Supreme Court didn’t do it, Congress would. It has long been a well-understood axiom of the revolutionary I want particularly tonight to draw attention to one aspect who are always, unlike others, in the very front lines of the It is our duty here tonight to determine that we will do movement that the way to resist persecution is to sink our roots of our case to which perhaps some comrades have not paid struggle. everything possible, everything we can, to see that it is over deeper and deeper into the masses. Hence the resolution especially Our party has been immeasurably enriched by the pro turned sooner rather than later. It is necessary to see ahead emphasized carrying our case into the trade unions, participation sufficient attention. And that is the attitude of both the com grammatic and organizational teachings wdiich this leadership in this case. The Minneapolis case theatens to be the first of by the party in elections, a turn to political work in the factories, rades involved in this case and the party along with them, an has instilled in us. They have taught us how to defend Marxism many prosecutions. The Supreme Court of the United States systematic recruiting into the party. Thus we would combat fed attitude completely free from both hysteria and tears. I for eral prosecution externally. my part have been very glad to observe this because I know against the class enemy. is a sanctified institution which will hear an appeal in a case where Congress passes a law that says a man cannot sell The second side to the process of combating persecution is that both hysteria and tears, both hysteria and undue senti The have taught us how to defend the doctrines of Marxism chickens for more than 40c. a pound. in te rn a l. Here is how we put it in our resolution. I just want to mentalities are but the different sides of the same coin, a coin against all those who want to adulterate it and revise it. And read a few lines: wdiose principal ingredients are a lack of mental and physical now our party is doubly enriched. We not only have their pro But if the Congress of the United States says a man can “ An intensive campaign is required for the internal prepara preparations for the inevitable persecutions of the proletarian grammatic and organizational teachings, but now- we have their not think, then the Supreme Court of the U. S. will not even tion of the party to withstand the blow of Federal prosecution. revolutionists by the capitalist class. example in the terrible crucible of war, the acid test for parties hear an appeal on the case. The only people who can stand up under this kind of govern Our attitude has been determined by the deep-seated know and for men. When a worker asks us what is a Bolshevik, we Today in the United States of America it is a crime to think. mental pressure are people who have a historical outlook and a ledge that such violence on the part of the master class is don’t have to depend on verbal descriptions alone. We can The situation is precisely as Mark Twain once described it: profound understanding of what they are fighting for. Mere ac precisely what the vanguard of the working class must expect point to living examples — our 18 comrades. These 18 are ‘‘Free speech is something you’ve got if you don’t use it.-’ As tivism, sometimes sufficient for day to day work, is not enough from those who see and fear us as the inevitable leaders of living Bolsheviks. wre say farewell to friends and comrades tonight, we should to stand up under the blows of persecution. . . The difference the movement which w ill deprive them of their right to oppress I call to mind that in 1934, when the bosses and the state vow that with indignation and determination, we will press an between a trade union m ilitant and a politically educated Trot and exploit the masses of the earth. That is why we are pre moved to break the Minneapolis strike, they took the union all-sided fight on this case, not only to press the pardon, not skyist is immeasurable; it is qualitative. The best of yesterday's pared, prepared not only in the sense that the party lias capable leaders of local 544 and threw them into the stockade. A second only to raise funds for the Civil Rights Defense Committee, but trade union militants are today succumbing under the pressure and experienced leaders to take the place of those who go, leadership jumped to their places and continued the struggle further, to do everything we can in the W’ay of an all-sided of the war situation. Only those w ill survive who are not only but also prepared as individuals to spend whatever time may to victory. social and political campaign to prevent more Minneapolis rooted in the working class movement but who have the Marxist be necessary in the capitalist prisons, prepared to use that Our party is a proletarian combat party. All our discus fra m e -u p s SATURDAY, JANUARY 1, 1944 FOUR- THE MILITANT Biographies Of The Imprisoned Trotskyists bureaucracy in the union movement, and day for the cause of socialism, acting in ficial organ of the Minneapolis Teamsters warned of the great economic collapse ahead. the recent period as full-time State Or CARLOS HUDSON Joint Council, and the Industrial Organizer, ganizer of the SWP. Whenever the going published by Minneapolis Local 544-CIO, These personal sketches include only part of the Minneapolis He was an active, m ilitant member of the Carlos Hudson is a gifted writer and got rough, the nerves strained, the pressure Carlos made a major contribution to the Communist Party in the twenties, before journalist, who might have “ done very well defendants. Biographies of the remainder of the 18 will appear in heaviest, there was dependable Oscar, with labor movement of the northwest. These its decline and degeneration. True to the for himself” had he been willing to sell his papers were powerful weapons in the buili- next week’s Militant. real principles of Leninism, he was ex his comradely word of encouragement, and considerable talents to the capitalist press. ing of the entire union movement in this pelled from the Communist Party along his inexhaustible stock of funny stories and Instead, as an honest and with Vincent Dunne and Carl Skoglund, aiea. anecdotes. " ...... courageous man, he devo-„ years, and twice a delegate to the Min and helped to build the American Trotskyist ted his life to combating Carlos has faced continued persecution nesota State Federation of Labor conven It is men like Oscar who make of the GRACE CARLSON movement of the Northwest. the lies of capitalism, and tions. She distmgu'shed herse.f in labor Hard-working, plain-spoken, without fuss term, Bolshevik, a badge of proletarian Real rebels do not g ov —they burn. So educating and defending defense work a ; a member of the National or noise, he has done yeoman service every honor. MINNEAPOLIS it is with Grace Carlson, distimruished as the workers through the Committee of the Workers Defense League, the so’? woman among the eighteen Min medium of the labor MESSAGE and became an active worker in the Min neapolis prisoners. She is the true rebel, who press. That is why he is The eleven defendants in Minnea neapolis branch of the National Association York World and American. He also con burns at in ju s t ce. poverty, going to jail. polis greet you in spirit this evening. for the Advancement of Colored People. tributed frequently to the liberal periodicals. class tyranny. No te.ror FELIX MORROW He was born in Min- We are confident of the ability of our When Grace came to believe in the prin The 1929 crisis, as he says, b ro u g h t to of prison bars, no social It has been said of Felix Morrow, editor * - neapolis in 1008. He party to carry on in our absence. Long ciples of Trotskyism, she didn’t flirt with him the full realization that “Marxism had of the Fourth International that “ his type worked his way as a freight laborer through ostracism, no pain of to be more than an intellectual conviction.” live the Fourth International. writer has been his machine-gun” in the the University of Minnesota, where he physical illness will ever He plunged into the activity of the Commu battle for socialism. majored in economics and graduated with quench the rebel flame nist Party, covering for its press many for his loyalty to the working class. He was NEW YORK SWP His ammunition, how a B B A degree in 1929. T h a t was the year of within her. strikes and other class struggles. He was fired from his WPA job for “Trotskyisrp^,- ever, has not been drawn the economic crash, and Carlos, witnessing Slight, frail, but ener MESSAGE TO GRACE arrested during the needles trades strike in and his activities in organizing WPA from the arsenal of the the living reality of hungry workers, tossed getic and animated, she Although your stay was short in Dec. 1932 in South River, N. J., and indicted teachers into a union. class-room and the book, aside the false university textbooks. has been a banner-bearer New York, the New York membership for “incitement to riot.” Among his best but from the battle fronts Carlos took his stand with the embattled Since his conviction in the Minneapolis of socialism in the Ameri has grown to know you as a Trot writings of that period were eyewitness ac of the class struggle. workers, contributing his talents to advance t.ial, he has been blacklisted from 20 plants can labor movement, educating and inspir skyist woman leader who is an in counts of the Ford Massacre in March 1932 ing men and women workers alike by her He was born in New their cause. He edited and wrote for work spiring example to our entire move and his account of the veteran’s bonus and fired from two as a “socialist,” after York City in 1906, and ers’ papers in Minneapolis, St. Paul, Austin, courageous and passionate defense of the ment. Separation from the other im m arch. he had learned the machinist trade. He has brought up in the Browns Fargo and Omaha. working class. prisoned comrades and they from you When the Third International in Germany a wife, Madalene, and two children, Michael, Grace was born in St. Paul, Minn., in ville section of Brooklyn, cannot sever the ties that bind you. capitulated to H itler without a struggle, he As editor of the Northwest Organizer, of- 4 % years old and.Nicoli, 2 years old. 1906. H e r fa th e r was an Irish -A m e rie a n r a il then strongly socialist in Our Old Man would be proud of you, broke with the Communist Party and joined road worker, and her great-great grand politics, and where, as he says, “ we drank as is, we are sure, his great compan the Trotskyists. For five years, he engaged the hardship of unemployment. For one father was Samuel Holmes, who came from in our socialism with our mothers’ milk.” ion, Natalia. primarily in organizational work, first as ALFRED RUSSELL year he worked in a ribbon weaving mill, Ireland and fought in the American Revolu Here, as a boy, he began his socialist ac on the night shift, 60 hours per week for the National Secretary of the Non-Partisan La A1 Russell is a “ Depression’s Child”—one tion. tivity as a member of the Junior Circle munificent sum of $16.15. bor Defense, and, from 1936-1938 on the of that generation who left school to “ make She was educated in St. Catherines them. Despite a weak heart, she threw her of the Young Peoples’ Socialist League. American Committee for the Defense of a name for themselves” as the whole world Al was one of the founders of the early College and the University of Minnesota, whole life and energies into the grueling He went to New York University and Leon Trotsky, which was instrumental in came crashing down on their heads in the Trotskyist youth movement. Imbued with where she earned her BA, MA and PhD activity of a professional party worker. She did graduate work there in philosophy and securing asylum for Trotsky and exposing 1929 debacle. So life the spirit of the class struggle, he went to degrees. A woman of brilliant intellect, she resigned in 1940 fro m the M innesota De at Columbia University. There he joined the lies and frameup of the Moscow Trials. ta u g h t A l, like so m any Minneapolis in 1935, during the period of was elected to the National Honorary Society partment of Education and ran as SWP the club affiliated with the Intercol He served as associate editor of the other young workers, the great labor upsurge. There he proved him for Women in Education in 1931; to the candidate for U. S. Senator. In an amazing legiate Socialist Society, founded by Jack Northwest Organizer, official organ of the real meaning of capital self as a fighting workers’ leader. He was National Honorary Scientific Society in campaign, in which she was subjected to London and was once arrested for helping Minneapolis Teamsters Joint Council, in ism, while the labor and arrested for his activities in the 1935 Strut- 1933, F o r tw o years she lectured in the De the vilest slanders by the capitalist and to collect funds in the neighborhood of the 1938. He then became associate editor of socialist movement taught wear Knitting Mills strike, and served six partment of Psychology of the University Stalinist press, she received over 8,600 university to aid the left-wing miners op the Socialist Appeal, and from 1940-1942, him what the workers can months in jail. of Minnesota. Then for five years she held votes, more than the combined votes of the position in the United Mine Workers. editor of The Militant. Since 1941, he has do about it. the post of Vocational Rehabilitation Communist and Socialist parties. In 1942, In 1937, he w e nt to Omaha, Neb., where served as the editor of the Fourth Interna Counselor of the State Department of she ran for mayor of St. Paul on the SWP As the Socialist Party became more “ re He was born of poor he continued his ■ union and socialist ac tional. He is author of two splendid pamph Education. ticket, and although already convicted and spectable,” he moved away from it, joining immigrant parents in tivities, and was arrested several times. He lets on the Spanish Civil War, “The Civil B u t Grace was not content to be a mere sentenced to prison, she received 3% of the the Young Communist League in 1925. Dur B roo klyn in 1911. H is assisted in the organization of textile work W ar in Spain” and “ Revolution and Counter- humanitarian social worker, trying to total vote cast. The sentence did not daunt ing this period, he learned the journalistic mother died when he was three, and his ers and cab diivers, and published a strike repair and rehabilitate a few' victims of her. She accepted the post of SWP Min craft with the Brooklyn Daily Times and Revolution in Spain.” father when Al was seventeen. Like so many paper for the Yellow Cab strikers. He aided the capitalist social system. She joined the nesota State Organizer and later organizer Daily Eagle, and later worked for the New He has one son, aged 10. of his generation, he had hopes of “getting in tire organization of Omaha General trade union movement, and began to devote of the New York City SWP local. ahead.” He went to City College for a year, Drivers Union Local 554, joined the union herself to building a better social order for She faces 16 months alone in a woman’s AFL Teamsters to the Minneapolis Central and to Brooklyn College for two. and was three times elected recording all the workers. She wms a charter member prison, separated from all her comrades. Labor Union; twice CLU delegate to con His first job, in 1929, was as an office secretary. He fought the bosses and he of Minnesota State Employes Union local But she will have with her the love and CARL SKOGLUND ventions of the State Federation of Labor; boy. Shortly thereafter he became a runner fought the labor skates, including AFL Nor 10, for four years a delegate to the respect of the thousands of men and women Carl Skoglund has been a special target delegate to the Teamster’s International for Investors Bank Stocks Corp., “which Teamsters President Daniel Tobin, who St. Paul Trades & Labor Assembly, a mem who honor her as a m ilitant heroine of the of hatred of the bosses and all their agents Convention, 1940; and president of Local sold bank stocks to suckers via telephone, arbitrarily removed him from office and ber of its Education Committee for three until the crash.” This brief smell of the put the local under receivership in 1940. American working class. for a long time. For they have never met 544. a tougher or more resolute fighter for the When the prosecutions against the SWP inside workings of capitalism wasn’t an Since then, Al has been working as a ended this fighting union leader’s career. He working class than Carl, and Local 544 leaders began in 1941, Carl odor he liked. truck driver; steel m ill hand and machinist. HARRY DeBOER recovered after several months in a hos that grand old proletarian For several years thereafter, he worked He has been married about a year and half. pital. Then back into the bottle for work w a rrio r. at any job he could get and often suffered His wife is expecting a child. Wherever truck drivers pull into a depot ers’ rights he went, straight from a hospital To his fellow-workers, MESSAGES TO or sit talking around the “coffee-and” spots bed. who honored his working- in a dozen northwest states, there you will BANQUET socialist, he taught the ideas of Marxism to class loyalty and fighting sooner or later—more often sooner—hear He served as an organizer for Local 544 MAX GELDMAN the workers and demonstrated in action how spirit by electing him CHICAGO SWP mentioned with respect from 1934 to 1941, one o f those who were Max Geldmann was born in 1905—the year a Bolshevik conducts himself. president of Local 544- We hail our comrades who are about and admiration tile name the ve.y backbone of that great model of the first Russian Revolution—in Warsaw, He became an organizer of Federal W ork CIO , he has been a hearty, to enter prison as framed up victims of Harry De Boer. And in union. He was President of the Bakery- Poland, in a dark, misery-filled ghetto of ers Section, Local 544, a fighting leader of congenial and lovable of the capitalist class. By jailing our whatever dark holes the Drivers local, and was elected to Chairman the Russian Tzar. the unemployed and WPA workers. Because comrade and friend. leaders they hope to intimidate and scabs, finks, strikebreakers of the Midwest Bakery Drivers Council. In His parents came to this of his activity in the 1939 Minneapolis WPA Carl was born in Sweden almost GO years behead us. We answer by tightening and stoolies foregather, his capacity of Minnesota State delegate country, like most poor strike, he was arrested and sentenced to ago. He became a saw-mill and paper mill our ranks and assuming our greater there you might hear them to the 12-stato Over-the-Road Diivcrs immigrants, filled with Sandstone Penitentiary for eight months. worker, and from his earliest youth he responsibilities and by using this whisper his name with Council, he helped to win the first uniform tales of gold in the Max is one of the real old-timers in the participated in the organization and strug cowardly attack upon us to prove to fear and awe. contract for the over-the-road drivers, cover streets, of a land of Trotskyist movement. His trade union and gles of the workers. In 1911 he came to this the masses the seriousness of our in ing 250,090 previously unorganized workers. liberty, and democracy, Harry, who was born in country, where he worked in the building tentions. Again today in the words of Crcokston, M inn., in 1907, He was elected delegate to several state and opportunity for all. trades, and as lumberman, fireman, janitor, comrade Trotsky we pledge to “go AFL conventions and to the AFL Teamsters They found instead ALLENTOWN SWP has worked his entire adult life as a truck railroad worker, coal driver, mechanic. forward.” We redouble our efforts to International Convention. slums and tenements, Accept our assurances of solidarity driver. He didn't have much chance for Everywhere, he carried the same rallying achieve the great socialist revolution. Harry, if he had been willing to “play poverty and back-break with the eighteen and our readiness formal education, being compelled to finish cry to labor, “ Organize, organize, organize!” his schooling with the eighth grade. But he ball” with Tobin, might have gone far in ing toil. And Max, that to perform any task you may allot In 1923, he was chairman o.f the Burl was arrested and held for deportation to absorbed the hard lessons of life as a the Teamsters union and carved out a very short, stocky, vigorous fighter for socialism us. Long live the Fourth Internation ington, Great Western and North Western Sweden under 825,000-bail. That was during worker, and he learned the meaning of cozy niche for himself in Tobin’s machine. since 1924, is getting his latest lesson in al. in the great railroad shopmen’s strike. He the period when it seemed that Hitler was capitalism and the great ideas of socialism But Harry had honesty and conviction and American capitalist “ democracy” as he sits earned the implacable enmity of the bosses, going to march into Sweden, and deporta in the heat of labor battles. iron character. So he fought the bureaucrats for the second time in jail because he has and, when the strike was defeated, he was tion for Carl would mean his head. FBI working class political activity has been con and the goons and the government agents fought for a truly free, democratic world. Tall and lithe, with dark, strong, clean-cut blacklisted from the railroads for life. emissaries told Carl that the deportation tinuous since 1924. In 1926, he joined the features, Harry became an outstanding with all the courage and audacity that he M ax w e nt to P ublic School 174 in B roo k Y'oung Communist League. When the Carl was more than a union militant threat might be “ reconsidered” if he would figure on the picketlines and in the forefront had demonstrated on the picket lines. lyn, to Boy’s High, and then to the “poor degeneration of Stalinism perverted the fighting for day to day demands alone. He take the stand for the government in the of every great labor struggle in Min Today, this splendid union militant and man’s” college, City College of New York. revolutionary principles of the YCL, Max understood the nature of capitalism, and saw Minneapolis trials. neapolis. He has emerged from the acid He tried his hand at selling and teaching, joined the T ro ts k y is ts in 1930. socialist goes behind prison bars. He leaves the vision of the socialist future. He was There is no official record of what he test of battle as an authentic prototype of and was an active member of the American his wife and comrade, Evelyn. The finks and one of the pioneers of the Communist Party said when the suggestion came to him. For Max and his wife, Goldie, have a six the American worker-Bolshevik, schooled in Federation of Teachers. goons breath easier for a while. But not in this country, and he was one of the those who know Carl personally, they can year old girl and are expecting another child socialist principles, tempered in experience for long—not for long. He’ll be back in there first, along with Vincent Dunne and Oscar imagine his wrath, and can well understand During the great Minneapolis union strug very soon—in fact, Max had hoped to see and action. pitching, making it tough for the bosses Coover, to be expelled for Trotskyism. He that not all his reply was printable, in gles of the last decade, Max was an active the new baby before the prison gate's closed During the historic Minneapolis drivers and exploiters, helping to win a new world joined forces with the Trotskyists in 1929. cluding the Swedish. As he had fought ail participant. As an experienced, revolutionary behind him. strike in July 1934, a police bullet nearly for his fellow-workers. During the early organization of the his life, he defended his revolutionary ideas Minneapolis drivers Local 544, and in the and the rights of the workers along with Section of Local 544, Oscar battled m iiitant- Railroad Shopmen's strike of 1922 as historic strikes of 1931, which helped to his comrades in the trial of the 28. OSCAR SCHOENFELD ly for relief and jobs for the unemployed. He Secretary of the Chicago, Great North smash the open-shop in the northwest, Carl Beloved by the workers, an implacable OSCAR COOVER Youthful in years and appearance, but a was a leader of the Minneapojis WPA A lot of workers around Minneapolis are western and Pullman shop employes. He had was a mighty battler against the bosses and foe of the capitalist exploiters, Carl in seasoned veteran of the labor and socialist strike in 1939, and was framed and con going to miss Oscar Coover while he is in the distinction of being named personally their agents. He held many union posts; prison is honored as a valiant, life-long struggle, Oscar got no “ babying” when the victed for his strike activity in Feb. 1940, jail. Quiet-spoken, warm-hearted, friendly, in Attorney-General Daugherty’s notorious delegate from the Railroad Carmen and battler for workers emancipation. judge passed sentence in the Minneapolis when he was 23 years old. The judge placed he hides under his fatherly appearance a injunction against picketing. him on probation for 18 months, a probation heart of oak and a spirit He has served in so many capacities in trial. One of the founders purpose which sustained him in his life-long extended after his indictment under the of tempered steel. Depend the labor movement that he cannot remem- of the early Trotskyist opposition to capitalist war. Smith “Gag” Act. able, consistent, loyal — KARL KUEHN youth movement, Oscar In 1934, he was an official representa those are the words to During World War I, Karl opposed the entered the school of the Oscar has a loyal and courageous wife B O S TO N SW P tive of the organized unemployed in the describe Oscar. Yes, a lot capitalists and their war. For this he was living class struggle dur and comrade, Margaret Kuehn, daughter of The Federal government is sending General Drivers Strike. He was elected dele of workers are going to fired from his machinist job and hounded ing the tumultuous de K a rl Kuehn, also one o f the 18. She has you to jail but it cannot imprison the gate to numerous state and national unem miss that bespectacled, and blacklisted in Minneapolis. But Karl pression years that isaw ideas for which you have struggled ployed conventions and conferences. He did slightly-stomped, s p a r e has a strong spine and the rise of the Minneapolis and which are being proven correct great service in helping to tie together the man with his old pipe in the courage of his convic labor movement. From this by the greatest test of all — that of struggles of the employed and unemployed N. Y. Banquet Message his teeth, and a neighborly tions. He is going to pris school he emerged a events. The bourgeoisie w ill find that workers as a liaison man between the unem word of fellowship for on 20 years la te r fo r his matured and tested re Three hundred party comrades and this persecution of our leaders, instead ployed organization and the Minneapolis every worker. outspoken opposition to volutionary socialist. friends he?e tonight send this revolu of destroying the Trotskyist move trade unions. For a number of years he was Oscar was born in Republic, Missouri, in the capitalists and their Oscar was born in 191G in New York tionary message to the Trotskyist ment, inspires us to work with re recording secretary of the Federal Workers 1887. He w'ent to grade and high schools at Second World War. City. He has known for most of his life newed determination toward the Section, Local 544, and he was a delegate militants in the Twin Cities railroaded Springfield, Missou.i. A skilled electrician, Karl has been a Minne only a world of chaos, unemployment and achievement of our goal — the to several Farmer-Labor Party conventions. to Roosevelt’s democratic prison. Your he worked for the railroads from 1904 to sotan all his life, having deprivation. But unlike so many of his triumph of socialism. In 1940, he was indicted and tried under 1924, on the St. Louis & San Francisco, the been born in St. Paul in generation — the despairing, cynical and courageous example is the pride and a frameup charge growing out of his m ili Missouri-Pacific, the Chicago & Great 1894. B y d in t o f persistent disoriented, seeing over the horizon only a inspiration of our movement. No per ber them all. He was a delegate for two tant activities in the Minneapolis WPA Western lines. Since then he has worked at study and much self-education, he became pauper’s grave or a bloody end in a mud- secutions or prison bars can break strike, but charges against him were finally his trade as a stage-hand ami on building years to the Springfield, Mo. Trades & Labor a mechanical and industrial engineer, and filled shell-hole—Oscar turned to the future dismissed. the ties of solidarity which unite us construction. He is the father of three Assembly, for five years to the Minneapolis has worked as a mechanical designer, civil of hope and optimism embodied in the world Karl meant business when he joined the in our struggle for the Socialist future grown children. Trades & Labor- Assembly, and delegate engineer, industrial refrigeration designer wide struggle for socialism. Unionism, the cause of labor, are in the from the Minneapolis Trades & Labor SWP. So he “ organized” his not inconsider and food distribution engineer. Oscar left student life at New York very marrow of his bones. He has held con Assembly to the Faribault Convention of able fam ily. It has been said that the Kuehn If Karl had been the type of fellow who University and plunged into the life of a stood shoulder to shoulder with her husband tinuous membership in the International the State Federation of Labor, family did not join the SWP so much as working-class organizer. While others of and father in labor struggle, and was con Brotherhood of Electrical Workers since During ail the years when so many other is willing to “keep his mouth shut,” close form a “merger” with it. And while Karl his generation and background fought the victed and placed under one year probation 1906, and since 1907, in the International workers were temporarily blinded by the his eyes to the misery and poverty around is in prison, he w ill have the satisfaction class stiuggle from cafeterias and library for her activities in the Minneapolis WPA Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employes. vision of “prosperity” and Republican him, he might have “got along” very well of knowing that his whole family will be corridors, Oscar fought it from the picket strike. The Schoenfelds have two children, From . 1916 to 1922, he was active in the “normalcy,” Oscar understood that capital indeed. But he joined forces with the union carrying on more resolutely than ever in lines and labor demonstrations. Peter, 3 years old and Jackie, 9 months organization of the railroad workers. He ism rested upon quick-sands. He fought workers and the unemployed, and engaged battling for the socialist ideas that he has As an organizer of the Unemployed Youth old. played an outstanding role in the famous consistently against class-collaboration and in their struggles with the same tenacity of so courageously upheld. SATURDAY, JANUARY 1, 1944 THE MILITANT — FIVE Profit-Mad Bosses “ LABOR WITH A WHITE 8KTN CAN NOT EMANCIPATE) ITSELF WHERE State Guard Stages D rill For The T h e LABOR WITH A BLACK SKIN IB Endanger Soldiers BRANDED“ — KARL MARX. Training Of Anti-Labor Battalions Lives, Trials Show Negro Struggle (Continued from page 1) By C. Thomas ® ~ ammunition had purportedly been By David Ransom Members of the New York State Guard are being drilled submitted to the proper agents of In the technique of quelling “ riots.” On December 4, the 4th the Department and had pur portedly been inspected, when in Negroes and Independent Political Action Regiment of the New York State Guard held such a d rill at the fact such representations were The conference of 20 nationally means an alliance with organized Jamaica Armory. The drill was open to the public and was wit false.” The former inspection important Negro organizations labor to create a labor party. And system, states a report of the nessed bv over 3.000 people. The commander of the regiment called by the NAACP in late the alliance of the Negro people Grand Jury, was “highly con staging the d rill was Col. George \V. Martin, a W all Street cor November and the political with the trade union movement, ducive to commission of the in Declaration issued by the con gaining the support of the lower poration lawyer. fractions,” but had been “coun ference are of more than passing middle class, wiil have every Four companies of the Guard, dressed in workingmen’s tenanced by the Ordnance De interest. It is more than the usual chance of success. clothes, portrayed “ agitators,” carrying picket signs reading: p a rtm e n t.” However, so fa r no pre-election year maneuver to in criminal prosecution has been an But although the Negro leaders “We Want Jobs.” “Our Kids Arc Hungry,” “ We Want Bread,” fluence the two old-line political nounced; only a civil suit involving who wrote the Declaration talk etc. As part of the drill, one of the guardsmen, disguised as a parties. By its seemingly militant fines and damages. about independent politics—they worker, mounted a soap-box and inflamed the. pickets with his language, the declaration aims to do not mean it. They solemnly Testimony under cross-exami assure the Negro masses that “agitation." After a few mo-'5' ' nation and signed confessions of announce that the Negro will are part of that preparation. Last their leaders are ready to lead merits, several companies armed Anaconda officials and employes assert his independence not by March, at Ft. Snelling, Minnesota, them in independent political with two-foot oak clubs, attack revealed that in the Anaconda voting for a party but by voting the regular army staged a drill strugg le . for certain candidates. As if it ed and dispersed the crowd of wire case, the company had The Declaration, issued in the in which soldiers posed as strikers worked out methods of fooling were the candidate who controlled "agitators.” bearing such placards as: “We name of 6 million Negroes, states the party, instead of the party government inspectors by tamper that “the Negro has come of age Col. Martin told a reporter that W a n t 20 percent Raise in Pay, ing with and “fixing” inspection .which controlled the candidate. the idea of staging the “anti- Shorter Hours,” “Unfair to politically. The Negro voter can They create the dangerous devices; planting only good no longer be won by meaningless riot.” drill came to him la st Labor . . . Strike,” “More Pay, materials in the testing room illusion that it is still possible to Less Work . . . Strike.” Other Members of the New York State Guard dressed as workers are harangued by an generalities in party platforms summer during the Guard ex when it was learned government win important concessions through “agitator” in “realistic” drill staged by Wall Street Colonel. Other guardsmen armed which are promptly forgotten on ercises at Peekskill, N. Y. Regular soldiers with fixed bayonets ad inspectors were due; removing the two big capitalist parties. The army men demonstrated there the vanced upon the crowd of pickets with two-foot oak clubs dispersed the “agitators” who arc seen carrying picket signs election day. The Negro voter Randolphs and Whites threaten red tags indicating defective will support a political party technique of breaking up picket and dispersed the “ strikers.” Such reading: “Our Kids Are Hungry,” “We Want Jobs,” etc. to withhold support from the material and replacing them with which by words and deeds shows lines with fixed bayonets. Martin drills are constantly taking place yellow tags showing them to be Democrats or Republicans if these was critical of the present demon throughout the country camou its determination to work for full parties put forward unsatisfactory satisfactory, after the inspectors citizenship status for thirteen stration, which he regarded as flaged as exercises in the dispersal had le ft. candidates in 1944! But if a "worthless,” because the State of “ subversive elements and fifth The Kremlin's Policy In Holding million Negroes and to better the progressive, a W illkie or a Henry Guard were not provided with columnists.” GREEDY LUST lot of all disadvantaged people in Wallace lun, men who are lavish bayonets. this country.” with their promises, then Negroes These practices were contrived UNIONS PROTEST The Trials Of Nazi War Criminals Specifically, this means that will be advised by these leaders because the Anaconda officials REALISTIC DRILL The New York State CIO has Negroes want the right to to support them. By RALPH STURDY that not only Hitler, Goering and of the trial, not the mere hang knew the plant was not equipped In order to make the drill more demanded that Governor Dewey vote in every state. They want And if such candidates should Only a naive person w ill accept Himmler are responsible for the ing of three or four minor indi to turn out field wire up to gov realistic. Col. Martin provided the “ institute an immediate investiga legislation and government action go sour in office? Then, the the Kharkov show-trial of a few bloody, bestial deeds committed viduals. Stalin uses in his typical ernment standards. But their tion” of the riot drill staged by against lynchings and mob Declaration says “Negroes will guardsmen with the oak clubs, German prisoners at face value, against the Russian people, but bureaucratic fashion, the only greedy lust for the juicy war con the 4th Regiment of the New York violence. They demand the right continue to help remove un which, he said, were to be used as a real attempt to bring the that all Germans are responsible, method he knows, the method of tracts induced them to take the. State Guard. The National As to work without discrimination. satisfactory officials until truly to poke the “agitators” in the culprits responsible for war atro the armies of soldiers as well as police trials, to render decisions contracts under false pretences sociation for the Advancement of Any party which hopes to win democratic forces come to power.” belly so as to “knock the wind cities to the bar of justice. True, the leaders. Russian hatred is to made in advance. and then plot means of* cheating Colored People has also urged their suppoit must adopt a But just how democratic forces out of them.” Martin stated that the verdict declared Hitler and be directed against Germans. It It is not Stalin’s method, hard on the specifications. i Dewey to make a “prompt in democratic program for their are to come to power by playing he had become disturbed about his henchmen the prime figures is obvious that Stalin aims to ly screened by the Kharkov trial, At first, according to the! vestigation.” High officials of the “ integration into the armed forces off one major party agamst the the race riots in various parts of responsible for the policies of fas drive a powerful wedge between that will serve to rebuild Soviet testimony of the plant’s chief, Guard have promised to “look without segregation.” other remains a mystery. the country and felt that his cist frightfulness, but it was the the Russian and the German Russia and Europe. The Stalinist engineer Robert L. Wright, a| into the matter.” Brig. Gen. The Declaration also recognizes regiment should have “ realistic” underlings who were hanged. Sta masses. Should the German work counter-revolutionary aims, based specially - designed transformer *« * * George A. Ilerbst, Chief of Staff solely on the desire to keep the that the fate of the Negro is training in the event of further lin has in his power quite a few ers revolt and call upon their Rus was rigged up which made it These Negro leaders continue trouble. to Lt. Gen. Hugh A. Drum, State bureaucracy in power in the linked with that of the working German generals who gave the sian brothers for aid, the Russian appear that the wire was with to hope that by waiting hat in Guard commandant, issued a masses are to be conditioned to USSR, would serve not to rebuild class. It- says, “The party or The Wall St. Colonel was same kind of orders. Far from standing much higher voltages hand at the door of the two big statement in which he said: turn a deaf ear to such pleas. post-war Russia and Europe, but candidate that seeks to destroy brutally frank in his interview. bringing these men to trial, Sta than the company knew to be parties they can get more than “We’ll try to find out what it’s Under the guise of meting out to plunge that unhappy continent organized labor is as much the “ Nobody mentions labor trouble lin tried to make a deal with them actually possible. \ promises. The Negro rank and about. Sometimes our people let punishment to the ones responsi into still further chaos and dis- j enemy of the Negro as is he who in these things,” he said, “Be in establishing the so-called “ Free The laxity, if not the tacit co-1 file, however are ready to break their imaginations run riot. These ble for inhuman cruelty, Stalin order. The slave labor of millions would prevent the Negro from cause then there are complaints German” movement. He was w ill operation of the government in- with the political parties of the drills and riot formations arc is setting the stage for the treat of Germans even if used in con vo tin g .” to the Governor and appropria ing to accept the foremost spokes snectors, soon made even this! * * * capitalist class. Given the chance, needed in case of fifth-column ment of Germany after the war. junction with the largest part of tions are cut. We talk about sub men of Prussian militarism as unnecessary. Loopholes for much they will support a working class uprisings by subversive elements. Any attempt at proletarian revo Germany’s machinery taken to Tf you measure the Democratic versive elements and fifth column allies if they would but turn simpler fraudulent methods were party that promises to lead them Probably (probably!) the selection lution on the part of the German Russia, would not build up Euro ists, but that’s just talk. Our against Hitler. found in the inspection system. party by this political yardstick in an all-out fight against Jim of some of the signs was not The Soviet bureaucracy pursued workers and peasants w ill be put pean technology, but would de (picket) signs should have said The company, under the contract, then Negroes ought to reject this Crow and those who uphold it. its consistent political purposes down, if Stalin has his way, w ith stroy its most advanced sector. •Join the Union’ and that sort of w ise.” did all testing. The government party. The Declaration seems to Walter White and A. Phillip in this trial. The trial bears the out any opposition on the side of thing. But people with a political SOCIALIST EUROPE inspectors simply observed the imply as much for it says: “The Randolph draw lopsided conclu AN INDISCRETION earmark of previous show-trials the Russian workers. In addition future are scared of frankness.” tests of specified samples brought policy of the present administra sions from the election of the designed to cover up misdeeds of Stalin has several times made a There is another way to re tion with reference to the Negro “At the present time,” Martin In the opinion of the highest forth by the company. Stalinist candidate, Ben Davis Jr., the bureaucracy by pointing to bid for the use of German labor build what has been destroyed further explained, “labor and officers of the State Guard, all in the armed forces is bad in to the New York City Council. scapegoats. The terrible war, ■dirthé'rebuilding of the destroyed in the Soviet Union and in the Negroes are getting rich. They that was wrong with the drill was F A K E TESTS principle and has failed.” ' According to White, Stalinist in which Stalin had promised would sections of Russia. other countries of Europe. That are getting truculent and sassy, “ probably” an unwise selection of Thus, the company simply As for the Republicans, Walter fluence exists among Negroes be fo u g h t on the enemy’s soil, was way is through the complete so not because they are Negroes and signs. Col. Martin’s sin was that SLAVE LABOR followed the practice of sub White of the NAACP, one of the because the Democrats and Repub waged instead on Soviet soil. This cialization of the means of pro laborers, but because they are of indiscretion. Not being con stituting OK labels for reject chief signers of the Declaration, licans have been using the Negro might have been averted had Sta Spokesmen for the bureaucracy duction in Germany and all Eu human beings who have lots of cerned with a “political future” labels on previously inspected brought matters up to date last lin been capable (which he was have talke d o f as m any as ten rope. The German working class as a “ political football.” And the money they never had before. however, he saw no reason for materials. Or mixing in defective week when ho wrote to Har not) of pursuing a revolutionary million Germans to be delivered must take over German industry. moral of this sad state of affairs, “After the war, if anybody not being open and above board wire with good wire, to conceal rison Spangler, chairman of the policy which could have set the up to Stalin for slave labor. The The German workers would gladly according to White is that “it tries to organize labor or do any about the actual meaning and the bad materials. Or taking good Republican National Committee: German masses in motion against trial declares not only the “sys ally themselves with the Russian should serve as a warning to thing funny, he’ll be waited on purpose of the “anti-riot” ex materials, which had passed an “The continued alliance of con H itle r. tem” of fascism guilty of the workers in a socialist federation. these two political parties.” by an American Legion and told ercises. under-water test, for instance, servative northern Republicans The trial evidently is intended crimes against Russia—-but every Randolph, head of the March- to pipe down.” There would be no question then and repeatedly introducing it for and southern Democrats has done For labor and Negro leaders to to direct the attention of the single person living under that On - Washington - Movement also of supplying Russia with all the inspection as new materials. and is doing infinite harm to the lim it themselves to demanding masses away from the role of the system. It is the old idea, long asks the capitalist leopards to THE “AGITATOR” The indictment, upon which the N egro.” that the governors “investigate” bureaucracy and entirely towards ago repudiated by M arxists equipment and machinery it de change their spots. In an inter Asked to give his definition of those who are carrying out their the guilty Germans. It is a form through their analysis of class sired. Socialist labor would be in trial is based, charges the eom- Both parties, the Declaration view with the N. Y. Times. Ran an “agitator” Marlin replied: pa:iy with defrauding the govern makes clear, have been enemies orders is fu tile . A s lo ng as of compensation for the incredible rule, that the masses only get finitely more effective than slave dolph suggests “that the other “An agitator is somebody who corporation lawyers and other ment of over $1,000,000, and of the Negro people. They have political parties assume a realistic hardships, sufferings and starva that form of government which labor. Thus the w a y w ould be advocates socialism. I think capitalist agents remain in con tion endured by the Soviet work they “deserve.” The masses are “obstructing the prosecution of acted in the interests of the poll- approach to the Negro problem opened for the creation of the So agitators have something the trol of the state guard, that or ers and peasants. War is itself to be held responsible for their the war” by manufacturing tax landlords and the capitalists, and make a sincere effort to matter with their glands. They ganization will inevitably be used the greatest of all scourges and rulers. cialist United States of Europe. defective materials from between in the interests of the enemies of combat existing prejudice.” always ask questions about how as a s trike b re a kin g agency— no atrocities, modern war in parti Ilya Ehrenburg writes in an ar The workers of each country N ovem ber 1940 u n til September organized labor and the Negro That the Stalinists sell out the big a man’s house is and how matter what signs are used in cular. But Stalin wishes to spot ticle, “Something I Can Never will themselves give just deserts 1942. O ver 50 per cent, o f the masses. Therefore, the Declara Negro people every day in the much champagne he drinks. They’ll company’s production was ac tion says the Negro can no longer year as part of Stalin’s deal with their drills. light particularly inhuman acts to Forget,” in the December 26th to the class under whose rule fas always be with us and make arouse hatred in the hearts of the issue of the N. Y. Times: “ I hope counted for by an Army contract be tied to either of the major Roosevelt is something every ad Labor must demand that the cism arose. There is no other way trouble and sometimes trouble Soviet masses. that no sentimental advocates covering a monthly output of parties. He must take the road vanced worker understands. state provide military training takes the form of riots. We have will come forward to defend the really to wipe out fascism. Naz 20,000,000 feet of wire. of independent political action. | But Negro militants must also R E A L K E Y to be prepared, and the (picket) schools under the direction and incendiaries, that the guilty per ism and fascism are but the symp The wire was designed for front Every thinking Negro will agree face the fact that while the Negro signs we used in our training ex control of the trade unions. That Here lies the real key to the sons w ill be put in the dock, that toms of social decay under capi line communications, according to that the programs of the Demo masses are turning away from ercise gave a note of realism to the testimony of Maj. M. M. cratic and Republican parties are the Democratic and Republican is the only way that the demo Kharkov trial. This is underlined the millions of soldiers who have talism . The sym ptom s can be the exercise.” by the writings of Stalin’s hire reduced Europe to a ‘desert zone’ Bower, II. S. Signal Corps, who reactionary through and through. parties their leaders are standing cratic rights of the people can be made to disappear only by stop The “ anti-riot'’ drills, which are lings of the pen, like Ilya Ehren- will be made to work ten years revealed in detail the danger to Independent political action for in the same place repeating the by no means limited to Col. defended against the would-be burg. Stalin wishes to drive home crushing stones and hewing ping the decay. Only by replacing which the defective wire exposed the Negro means a complete break same old formulas in different Martin’s regiment of the Guard, Hillers of Wall Street. in every possible way the idea wood.” This is the real verdict capitalism with socialism. troops during combat. with both capitalist parties. It language. N. Y. BANQUET HONORS CONVICTED EIGHTEEN (Continued from page 1) The Supreme Court, he charged, assurance. “ We have labored and average individuals snatched by in the same stru g g le .” A nd he with a record of two convictions starvation during unemployment charging that “today in the was like “Pontius Pilate, who built a party that we know cannot the law, the Sandstone prisoners paid tribute to the “ comrades who in the class war, Oscar Schoenfeld or death from imperialist war.” United States it has become a address of James P. Cannon, a knew the facts, but washed his be destroyed.” were convinced that one of -the every day are carrying forward stated that during his prison He declared it to be the task of crime to think.” He pledged him veteran for 30 years of the class hands.” From the District Judge In a powerful conclusion, original 28 defendants “would the banner regardless of con term his “main feeling” will be the party to lead the workers to self to aid the defense “with in war and pioneer American who first passed sentence, through Cannon cited the example of break down and put the finger on sequences, going out with The one of “ impatience to be back in another alternative, socialism. dignation and determination” and Trotskyist. the Circuit Court of Appeals, all John Brown, that “great old war the others.” They were filled with Militant in rain and snow, carry the struggle.” He said that the A dramatic and inspiring high- advocated “ all sided preparation, From the very first prepara the way up to the Supreme Court, rior” who “combined the word “abolute disbelief” as the trial ing on the tasks of the party.” mission of the party is “to lead spot of the gathering was the social and political, to prevent tions for the war, “ a tremendous all the agents of capitalism en and the deed” in the struggle progressed and the prosecutor Felix Morrow, introduced as the the workers in the great struggle speech of Rose Karsner on behalf more Minneapolis frameups.” world-wide mechanism of decep gaged in a conscious conspiracy against slavery, and his followers failed to put forward a single only one of the generation of against capitalism, and I don’t of the wives and close relatives In his address expressing the tion was turned on the people of to silence revolutionary op and sons “ who went to Harper’s defendant to turn government young socialist intellectuals in the want to miss any of it. We are of the defendants, who were feelings of solidarity of the party the world,” Comrade Cannon ponents. The Supreme Court was Ferry and perished there.” witness on the others. “ Everyone twenties to stick to his revolu coming back to a greater and seated with the six defendants at members and sympathizers, stated. “Truth was the first “not concerned if honest people stood solid, defended his beliefs, tionary guns, described the stronger party to take our place the speakers’ table. George Grant, New York SWP “DUTY, SIR” casualty of the war. We might were condemned, if the Bill of looked the judge square in the attitude of many of those ex- on the firing line.” She spoke of the wives and local organizer, stated that the say we are living in the epoch Rights was trampled in the mire. He told of Watson Brown, who eye when he passed sentence and “ socialists” and liberals who were children whose loyalty and sup example of the 18 defendants LONG LIVE SOCIALISM! of the lie.” They turned their faces away— lay wounded, and was asked by marched out of the court to “all convinced that the Min port has contributed to maintain means that “we Trotskyists can But, he declared, the “coming and ‘washed their hands’.” the Virginia governor: “ Son, what gether. They couldn’t understand neapolis defendants wouid never A1 Russell, former secretary of ing the solid front of the go before the American workers social revolution will blow the “We understood from the brought you here?” Watson what kind of people are these.” serve their sentences.” These the Omaha Drivers union, who defendants. “They have wives, and say with justifiable pride, strata of lies to bits even as a beginning what might be the con Brown replied, “ Duty, sir.” reassurances “from people who had served a previous sentence most of them, in the movement, TYPICAL OF SWP ‘These are our Trotskyist leaders, volcano blows up a geological sequences of what we were doing. “We were obliged to tell the are no friends of ours, but bitter for his militant labor activities, who believe the same things they these are the kind of men and stratum.” , We are paying for our ideas. Our truth, because we saw the abomi But these defendants were only enemies” were intended for them protested in his speech against do, and stood by them through women that Trotskyism has pro He lashed all the intellectuals, ideas are the most valuable things nations of the coming imperialist typical of the kind of people who selves. They did not want to be having the defendants’ words the years.” duced—proletarian leaders who liberals, preachers, “ socialists” in the world, the future of man war,” he concluded. “ No liars, and make up the SWP, “a party of lieve that the government’s ob referred to as “ last messages.” “ I will never wilt in the heat of SOLID FRONT and others who made a profes kind. That is why we are willing conspirators, no Supreme Court 100 per centers, a party of people ject is “ to drive into silence the want to assure you,” he said em combat, who will not betray you, sion of pacifism after the last to pay the highest price without can take that satisfaction from who have made up their minds Marxist party of this country.” phatically, that “this will not be These wives, she said, w ill “ miss who can lead you victoriously and war, but who “betrayed the peo a whimper or a murmer.” us. . . . We did what we were that the cause for which we fight my last message.” He too ex you” but “will not weep nor who are always in the very front FUNDAMENTAL REASON ple and went over to the camp of Comrade Cannon frankly ad obliged to do. When we go to stands before all else.” pressed the impatience he will mope. If tomorrow we are called lines.’ ” the liars.” mitted that, to one whose life is jail, we go with full consciousness He denied that the conduct of He declared that the funda feel “because I want to be back to face what you face, we will A total of $650 in pledges and “Our party didn’t sell out, devoted to freedom, there is that duty took us there.” the defendants was any more mental reason for the Supreme in the fight. There is nothing they do it as resolutely as you today.” cash was contributed by the com didn’t lie. We told the truth. That “nothing crueler” than confine Farrell Dobbs, who rose from heroic than the lives of the Court’s refusal to review the case can do to us that we can’t stand. The most honest and courageous rades and sympathizers present. is why we are here. We are not ment in prison away from the the ranks of the Minneapolis coal average Trotskyist. “ Each stands is the fact that “American im I say ‘Long live our party! Long among America’s writers and in The meeting concluded with the criminals. We didn’t commit any revolutionary7 movement and d rive rs s trik e back in 1934, in his place and serves. Together perialism, on the very eve of its live socialism!” ’ tellectuals, James T. Farrell, noted mass singing of what the chair injury against unoffending peo “those whose whole lives are related how a former inmate of as a party we march with the triumph over its military com Karl Kuehn, a leader of the novelist and chairman of the Civil man termed, “the great war song ple. We didn’t steal or murder. linked with ours.” “But we can Sandstone Penetentiary in Min working class, in the van and in petitors, fears that the fruits of Minneapolis unemployed strug Rights Defense Committee, spoke of the working class, which now All the crimes, all the lies are on stand it better than others be nesota, where most of the 18 the ranks.” that military victory will be gles, termed the case and the con briefly at the meeting. belongs to our movement alone,” the other side of the fence.” nipped in the bud by the cause we are doing so on behalf defendants are expected to serve 1-le commended the comrades duct of the defendants a “mile He attacked the left-handed the Internationale. Thus the com His voice was filled with scorn of a cause greater than our lives. their sentences, had informed him who fight on the picket lines in aftermath—the class battle, the stone for the revolutionary move “support” which many of the rades said good-bye, with clenched as he described the role of the For Socialism is closer than a of the attitude of the men in union battles. Pointing to a pic revolutionary battle” which will ment, for the class struggle.” He “democratic and liberal” publica “liberal” U. S. Supreme Court mother, dearer than a wife.” prison toward the Minneapolis ture of imprisoned Kelly have its reprecussions in America stated that “ so long as capitalism tions like the New Republic have fists upraised, and with the words: which refused even to hear an “ We have not been idle in our trial, then in progress, Postal, he reminded the audience its e lf. exists the workers have only two given the defense. He scored the “ The International party shall be appeal on the case. days of freedom,” he stated with i Accustomed to the behavior of that Kelly had been “framed up As the youngest defendant, but alternatives, death from slow action of the Supreme Court, the Human Race.” S I X — T H E MILITANT SATURDAY, JANUARY 1, 1944
days for the steel kings, the automobile barons, the chemical lords, the oil princes. Almost 23,000 new millionaires were created out Roosevelt Confronts A Profiteers Use MacArthur T HE MILITANT of the blood and muck of the first world war. To Published in the interests of the appease the people’s indignation and wrath, the Ads As Smoke Screen Working People hypocrites in Congress introduced in the last 25 Growing Labor Crisis years more than 170 bills which promised to take V O L. V I I I — No. 1 Jan ua ry 1, 1944 (Continued from page 1) ers, and other important CIO un the profits out of war. The promises were not worth In an apparently irrepressible burst of patriotism, missed a similar request from ions. Published Weekly by the paper they were written on. The profits already the Timken Roller Bearing Co. of Canton, O., pub Murray. The steel workers, how Prices Raised by As the struggle of the workers squeezed by the corporations out of the second THE MILITANT PUBLISHING ASS’N ever, had learned a lesson from Shoddy Goods to break the fetters of the wage lished full page advertisements in last Wednesday’s world war make many of the first world war con freezing Little Steel formu’a in New York Times and Herald-Tribune and this week’s at 116 University Place, New York 8, N. Y. t the miners. They began to walk How manufacturers evade creases in scope, Roosevelt’s Saturday Evening Post, featuring a huge portrait of Telephone: ALgonquin 4-8547 tracts look like a WPA payroll. America’s Sixty off the job when their agreement price controls by foisting ’'prize strikebreaking agents with- General Douglas MacArthur with a single-line cap Families are making a killing. expired on Christmas eve using I shoddy goods on the consumers FARRELL DOBBS, Editor 1 in the labor movement,'the fluky the miners’ slogan: "No contract, was revealed last week by tion beneath, “Don’t Let General MacArthur Down — But there is still no satisfying them. These W all Stalinists, become more and more no work.” By Christmas day ap J. Raymond Walsh, CIO re Buy War Bonds!” THE MILITANT follows the policy of permit- Street vipers are simply insatiable. The War Pro hysterical. The Sta'inist Daily p ro xim ate ly 200,000 steelworkers search director, in making pub Lest some innocent soul concludes that this adver duction Board even submitted a study to the Big W orker screeches in front page ing its : ontribucors to present their own views were out. lic two studies by the Stand tisement represents unalloyed love of country, it must editorials: “Strikes must end im ii signed articles. These views therefore do not Business stooges on the Senate Finance Committee Again Roosevelt was forced to ards Division of the Office of be pointed out at the start that good w ill is valued mediately.” Not only strikes but lecessarily represent the policies of THE MIL1 which showed that if the present proposal is passed, personally intervene. He sent a Price Administration. ! even “threats of strikes” the Daily as a considerable cash asset by all corporations, not i ANT which are expressed in its editorials. telegram to Murray which prop Quality deterioration, the 1942 profits of 100 major war contractors would Worker insist “must end.” These to speak of the deduction Timken will allow itself osed th a t the old agreement be studies show, have increased increase 800% over the average of 1936-39. The warnings are directed, not at the from its excess profits taxes based on this costly Subscriptions: $2.00 per year; $1.00 for 6 months. extended and that “if the new the consumer costs as much “appeaser” John L. Lewis, but at advertising expenditure. F oreign: $3.00 per year, $1.50 fo r 6 m onths. B un senators remained unmoved. agreements include any wage ad as 42% on a p a ir of shoes and the ardent “win the war elements" It seems, however, that W illard F. Rockwell, chair dle orders: 3 cents per copy in the United States; In the face of these fantastic, exorbitant and justments, such adjustments shall 25 to 30% on women’s coats Murray and the railway brother 4 cents per copy in all foreign countries. Single criminal war profits, the U. S. Senate Finance Com be computed and applied retroac and suits. man of the Timken board, who has been strongly ob hood officials, whom the Stalin copies: 5 cents. tively to the date when the parti The Bureau of Labor Statis jecting to the war contracts renegotiations provisions, mittee, instead of slapping confiscatory taxa ists caution, “to steer away from cular contract in question would tics, in arriving at its index is head of the Standard Steel Spring Company«>ta Application for entry as second-class tion on all war profits, has the nerve to vote the any acts that Hurt the war ef have expired by virtue of the not- , of family living costs showing which the Army is planning to farm out contracts matter is pending. virtual elimination of the renegotiations law. Even fort and to close ranks all the ice of termination of such con only a 6% rise over the past for Arm y truck axles, produced under the supervision more closely around the Presi many of the dollar-a-year men in Washington are tract.” After which Roosevelt ad sixteen months, completely dent.” of the Timken-Detroit Axle Company. To this end, To defend the USSR as somewhat alarmed at the possible consequences of ded the joker: "If any wage ad fails to take into account the the government has in fact provided from tax-payers’ justments are made they must of hidden price rises represented NEW LEADERS the main fortress of the a policy of such recklessness, arrogance and adven money $15,000,000 for new plants and equipment. course be made in accordance with by the sale of inferior goods As the temper of the workers turism. That was what Wilson, former head of Gen the act of Congress of Oct. 2, 1942 Timken-Detroit Axle Company had been asked by - orld proletariat, against at prices formerly maintained rises, the labor bureaucrats are eral Electric and Vice-Chairman of the War Pro (the Stabilization Act).” the Arm y to return $12,500,000 in excess 1942 profits. I for better products. These are stricken with terror at the pros ill assaults of world im- The company made $39,839,000 last year in compari duction Board had in mind when he told the re In other words, any wage 'in l the phoney cost of living fig pect of becoming involved in a •erjalism and of internal son with a peace-time average of $2,116,000, so that, cent National Association of Manufacturers con crease granted the steel workers ures upon which the wage conflict with the Roosevelt admin what with all its war taxes, etc., the company was ounter-revolution, is the vention that he was “alarmed” by the "right-wing must conform to the Little Steel freeze program in part has istration. They have no stomach been based. for a fight and w ill perpetrate the left with a net profit of $5,070,000,. or 32.4 per cent ■nist important duty of reaction.” formu'a. But as the formula was based upon the last wage adjust most monstrous betrayals to of its net worth, or 250 per cent above its very healthy > e r y class-conscious The hypocritical labor fakers, the muddleheaded ment of the steel workers any up false impressions not justified un avoid it. “normal” profits. liberals, the Stalinist finks all pretend that this ward adjustment would he a viol Out of the ranks of the working So Timken-Detroit, which undoubtedly shares in nrker. der existing stabilization policies. insatiable greed for profits, this trafficking in the ation of the executive orders. class there will emerge a new the sentiments of its parent company about “ Don’t — LE O N TR O TS K V There is no wage increase due blood of men, is only the responsibility of a small leadership w ith intelligence Let General MacArthur Down,” held out against the W L B A G R E E S under existing wage stabilization m inority of Republican industrialists and bankers. enough to recognize their enemies terms of the proposed Army contract for axles, de What humbug! The NAM is not a small or unrep The “public” and labor mem po'icies. To vote retroactively and with guts enough to lead manding $155 to $200 profit per axle (keep in mind *OlN .... ii-4 rlG HTIN G FOR: now would have led the steel resentative minority. It is the authentic and author bers of the WLB quickly ratified the fight against them. They are Timken-Detroit was just doing the supervising, not the formula advanced by Roos workers and the public to believe receiving important lessons in producing) in comparison with its previous profits Military training of workers, financed itative voice of America’s Plutocrats, who make up, evelt. The "industry” members that some wage award is to be leadership in the shops and fac of $125 to $179. In addition, the subcontractor, Stand by the government, but under control what Woodrow Wikon once called "the invisible were opposed in ‘ principle to any made.” The bosses consider it tories as stewards and commit ard Steel Spring Co., also would make $210 to $300 >f the trade unions. Special officers’ government” —- that is, the real government — mention of retroactive pay be dangerous to give the workers teemen. It is upon these forces profit on each axle. The total contract is for of the U. S. cause, "w c cannot approve a pol any "ideas.” Particularly in view raining camps, financed by the gov- icy which would inculcate or cre of the pending wage demands of that the future of the American First, the Army turned the Timken offer down. “ After me the deluge,” cried the French Bourbon rnrneni but controlled by the trade ate in the public mind possible the auto, textile, electrical work trade union movement depends. The company then refused to continue negotiations. mion» ><> train workers to become King, Louis XV. After his rule of tyranny and de A t last reports, however, Undersecretary of W ar Pat bauchery came the deluge. The French people rose (lirern terson and Maj. Gen. Clay, director of materiel, testi up in their might and in the great French Revolu fied to a Senate committee that the Army needed 1 radt union wages loi all workers tion, drove the Bourbons o ff the throne. State Department Lies About the axles so desperately, it would have to accept the irafted into the army. Even our easy-going millionaire Secretary of the contract on Timken’s terms. Treasury, Morgenthau, is growing apprehensive When the coal miners refused to work without a Full equality for Negroes in the armed about the orgy of profiteering. He warned the Sen contract granting minimum decency wages — that forces and the war industries— Down Its Own Police On Refugees ate Finance Committee that its proposal will “open was called “sabotage”. When the war profiteers re Long reached the heights of out of the country, while the fuse to manufacture unless rewarded with super with Jim Crowism everywhere. the way to truly extortionate profits. 1 predict that (Continued from page 1) hypocrisy in his declaration that United States insists upon ad profits, that’s called good business — and “patriot t. Confiscation of all war profits. Expro if they are enacted into law they w ill come back 453,205 immigrants admitted to the United States for the nine- support of the bill to create a mitting only those with monetary ism” , to boot. priation of all war industries and their to plague not only the Congress but the war goods year period, ’33 to ’42, only 291,- special agency to deal with the means. Jewish problem would be “con operation under workers’ control. manufacturers. . .” 112 came from Europe. The rest The endless hypocrisy of the That is correct. They w ill come back to plague were from non-European coun strued as a repudiation of the acts of your own government or government and the State De 5. A rising scale of wages to meet the them. There w ill be a terrible day of reckoning. tries, with Mexico and Canada Allied Chiefs at Teheran a reflection upon the actions of partment in dealing with the rising cost of living. heading the list. Of the European immigrants, 243,420 came from the Intergovernmental Committee refugees in the past decade, 6. Workers Defense Guards against vig countries now dominated by H it for the Refugees.” What would topped by Long’s crass lies, are Act Like Oriental Despots ler. Of all the immigrants during be repudiated would not be the awakening more and more Jews ilante and fascist attacks. acts of the government but its to the real nature of their Anglo- this period, 163,423 were Jews. The Teheran Conference was such a brazen ex The Internationale lack of action to help the victims American “allies” and to the kind 7. An Independent Labor Party based on Thus official immigration figures ample of secret diplomacy that even many of the Out of 'the first attempt of labor to build a expose Long’s insolent lie that of fascism. of war they are conducting. the Trade Unions. capitalist commentators protested. “580,000 victims of persecution LACK OF ACTION Workers Republic — the Paris Commune of 1871 La Follette’s Progressive wrote: “In concert with 8. A Workers’ and Farmers’ Govern by Hitler” were admitted. The Berm uda conference on •— originated the revolutionary labor song, the D E B S ’ C A N T O N Churchill and Stalin, Mr. Roosevelt often seemed to ment. Long’s false testimony is based refugees concluded with “ secret SPEECH “ Internationale." That pioneer government of the upon the incredibly crude and decisions” from which no aid has be behaving more like an Oriental potentate than the 9. The defense of the Soviet Union working class adopted as its battle cry a song, which brazen trick of including among been forthcoming. The refugees Eugene V. Debs, celebrated leader of a great democratic nation. The pomp and “refugees from Hitler” 380,000 have received nothing but croco socialist agitator, was sen ceremony, the seclusion and secrecy, and the glitter against imperialist attack. in every line, stresses the International solidarity alien residents of the United dile tears from the Roosevelt ad tenced during the last war to of dress uniforms and pop of champagne corks at of the workingmen of all countries. 10 years in the federal peniten States who visited abroad and ministration—and a tightening of Teheran must have made an hilarious weekend, but it The marching song was composed by two French tiary for his famous Canton then returned; immigrants from the visa regulations since the war was hardly the setting for a solemn conference on workers of Lille. The illustration accompanying the speech, delivered on June 16, Canada, Mexico and South began. The State Department war and peace.” first printed copy depicted a woman worker carry America, and almost 100,000 1918. Renegotiations pretends, says The Nation, that Raymond Clapper wrote in his column: “ There must ing a banner labeled “ Internationale,” tramping on students, ministers and other “ Gestapo agents were invading ; Debs referred in his Canton bo a thrill for such powerful Allied leaders as they The American capitalists are the worst gang of non-quota immigrants from all the country behind rabbinical speech to three Ohio socialists privileges and monopoly. go into seclusion behind elite guards and settle the free-booters and pirates that have ever plagued the parts of the globe. beards.” In the face of these who had been jailed for their The “ Internationale” spread throughout Europe affairs of the world. But they are slipping into a people of a nation. The pirates of the old Spanish Long claims that “we did every facts, Long cynically declared socialist activity: “They have and eventually throughout the world. Everywhere, legitimate thing we could do.” that “the historic attitude of the come to realize, as many of us state of oriental ariogance regarding the interest of Main, the Turkish Corsairs, seem, in retrospect, *it became the song of the exploited and the oppress The figures on immigration from United States as a haven for the have, that it is extremely the democratic peoples in their activities.” almost as sober minded and respectable tradesmen, ed. It inspired the Russian masses when they over Germany alone, since H itler came oppressed has not changed. . . ; dangerous to exercise the con compared with the vultures of W all Street. It was to power, refute this lie. The an The door has been carefully stitutional right of free speech threw the Czar, the capitalists, and landlords in not for nothing that the late J. P. Morgan painted nual German quota, based on the screened, but it is open.” Indeed in a country fighting to make 1917. It was adopted, after the Russian Revolution, his yacht in anarchistic black and named her the restrictive immigration law of the doors have been so screened democracy safe in the world. as the official anthem of the Soviet Union. In 1919, 1924, was 25,957. From 1933 to that the only refugees who can “ I would rather a thousand The Biggest Oil Scandal Corsair, and it was rumoured, hoisted a flag of it was officially designated as the anthem of the the end of 1942 the U. S. admitted easily pass through them are the times be a free Boul in jail skull and bones when sailing the high seas. Third International. 123,573 im m ig ra n ts fro m Ger rich, the well-connected, and the than to be a sycophant and Since Teapot Dome many, less than half the quota members of monarchist govern- j coward on the streets. Look at the new crime the congressional stooges The “ Internationale” is associated in the minds of America's Sixty Families are trying to perpe allotments. The combined total of ments-in-exile. Although ships “They may put those boys of the working class with the heroic Russian Revo all refugees from all Axis- return from the war zones empty j in jail—and some of the rest trate in connection with the present tax bill. The The stench of oil is becoming more oppressive in lution — the greatest revolution in human history dominated countries in the last or with Axis prisoners, there are of us in jail—but they cannot Washington than at any time since the Teapot Dome Senate Finance Committee tagged on a rider to the — and the world revolutionary conflagration of the decade was but 180,000, or one- “no transportation facilities” for put the socialist movement in Scandal rocked the Harding Administration. Indeed, third less than Germany’s quota ja il.” tax bill which makes a dead letter of the present 1920’s, inspired and aided by the Bolsheviki, under Jews. The Nazis do not permit the principals of the Teapot Dome scandal are going alone! Jews to take money with them I Renegotiations Act. And to add insult to injury, Lenin and Trotsky. to appear as small time crooks dompared with the they propose to refund to machine tool manufactur It is entirely fitting that Stalin no longer finds oil monopolists of the Second World War. ers and manufacturers of construction and manu Jerry Voorhis, a pro-Roosevelt Congressman from the “ Internationale” a correct expression for his facturing equipment, funds already collected by the California charged that the government Petroleum Di regime of brutality, dictatorship and national chau government. rective No. 70, issued by Secretary of the Interior, vinism. Sociologists have long ago discovered that International Notes Ickes, turned over to the giant oil corporations “ the The Warner and Swasey Company, manufac human institutions and symbols survive long after greatest charter of power ever given to a group of turer of turret lathes, is a good case in point. This their material bases have been removed. Capitalist The Tories in England are us Madrid announced that Franco patch states that "all northern essentially private citizens, directly connected with company has already increased its net worth, dur thinkers have even devised a formula for this ing wartime paper control as an had allegedly amnestied all, or Italy was aflame with revolt a- the most powerful natural resource monopoly the ing the war, from S5,100,000 to 115,200,000. It has phenomenon: the “cultural lag.” The Third Inter excuse to suppress the publica virtually all, political prisoners. gainst the German m ilitary com world has ever known over the most vital single re tions of British Trotskyists. The already paid out §5,481,000 in dividends derived As a matter of fact, however, this mand and its puppet Italian gov- source there is.” national (Comintern), from the point of view of November 1943 issue of Socialist is no “amnesty” at all, but a piece from its war contracts. Last year, Warner and Swa erment, and that the situation be Ickes, in turn, divulged that the War Department a revolutionary workers International organization, Appeal, just arrived in this coun of deliberate deception. Franco’s hind the German line was ‘more sey netted a real haul; its profit was §20,222,000 was squandering $130,000,000 in its Canol develop has been a stinking corpse for ten years. It was of try, reports that “on a technical decree contains a five-year clause serious than in any of the Euro ment, located in the wilds of northern Canada. The compared with §2,261,000 in 1939. The 1942 ficially buried, however, only last May. It is a good plea, the paper controller has sus which means that all those ar pean countries that are under' pended the license for both the money for this grandiose oil project comes from the profits were 2'A times greater than the total capital thing that the tyrant who rules over Russia could rested since the destruction of the command of German occupation.’ ” invested in the firm prior to the war. Even after Socialist Appeal and Workers' In Republic must remain in prison. GY. Y. Times, Dec. 22.) U. S. Treasury. The only benieficiary of the project, no longer find the patience to listen to the strains ternational Xeics. There is an Another clause makes release however, w ill be the Imperial Oil Company, Canadian paying out all taxes and returning to the govern A Moscow JCN dispatch, Dec. ' of the "Internationale.” imp’ied threat to revoke our li contingent upon “good behavior,” subsidiary of Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company of ment $5,500,000 through renegotiations proceed 2i, lists a series of strikes in The spirit of independence, of freedom, of work cense altogether.” with Franco free to interpret just New Jersey. Milan, Turin, Ferrara and Flor ings, the company still continued to earn a pro ers’ solidarity, of a new and better Socialist so In its account of this latest rep what is constituted by good be Lieut. Gen. Brehon Somervell, Arm y Chief of Sup ressive measure, Socialist Appeal havior. “Blood on hands” will ence, and a wave of k illin g s of fit of 50% on its pre-war investment. Under the pro ciety, that is expressed in every note of the song, ply, undaunted by the expoise of this Standard Oil charges that it emanates right likewise keep political prisoners Black Shirts, among them: Col posed Senate committee rider, the government steal has announced to the Senate committee that he is certainly not in harmony with Stalinist barbar from “the office of Tory Minister behind bars. onel Gobbi, the m ilitary governor would be obliged to return to this bloated war is going right ahead with the project and Roosevelt ism, its GPU and frame-up trials. Stalin and his of Supplies, Sir Andrew Duncan.” Nevertheless, Franco the Butch of Florence; Ferrara, secretary of the fascist party; Trangila Casa profiteer the §5,500,000. degenerate regime have desecrated the revolution Furthermore, the suspension of er has been receiving favorable himself told newspapermen that he is backing Somer the license comes at a time when publicity in the capitalist press. nova, Minister of Justice, in Mus vell. The U. S. Treasury has already recovered over ary song long enough. Stalin is quite right when solini's new puppet regime; Ad “every paper and magazine in the For example, on Dec. 23 the A t the same time, Secretary of the Navy, Knox, is §5 billion by means of renegotiations, since the he says that his new song, which exudes a spirit miral Legnani, Naval Minister; country is getting an increased Ar. Y. Times carried another Mad negotiating a new contrast with Standard Oil Com Renegotiations Act was first passed in 1942. Amer Nieo ini chief of Information of national chauvinism and byzantine sycophancy, allocation.” Socialist Appeal cor rid cable by Harold Denny piously pany of California, with the aim of turning over to Bureau, and many others. ican Big Business continues, despite this law, to expresses far more accurately the “ context” of his rectly concludes that this back- proclaiming that a “sincere move the Rockefeller monopoly, the fabulously rich oil re pile up profits so huge that they make the fabulous bureaucratic regime. • stair move is a continuation of was being made toward some Suicide squads of Italian anti serves of Elk Hills, California. Because of public in Princes of India appear by comparison as no more Trotsky’s Fourth International, the true inherit the previous political attacks a- degree of liberalization of the fascists attacked a funeral proces dignation, Roosevelt was forced to cancel the first gainst the British Trotskyists in Franco regime.” sion held in Milan for Aldo Res- than moderately well to-do storekeepers. contract that Knox had negotiated with Standard Oil. or of the revolutionary traditions of the Comintern, the Parliament and in the capi Franco like Badog’io is appar ega, Federal Fascist Commissar, This steal of the remaining oil reserves, worth According to the Commerce Department, Big will likewise become now the sole inheritor of the talist press. “We must sound ently making his hid to qualify another Black Shirt who was Business will accumulate over §8 billion in profits . revolutionary workers song. It will continue to ring the a’arm to our readers and as a liberal and a champion of killed recently. The anti-fascist hundreds of millions otf dollars, on the part of the oil monopolists is so brazen that even the completely in 1943, after the payment of all taxes; double the out the call: “ Arise, Ye Prisoners of Starvation! friends,” states Socialist Appeal, “ democracy.” demonstration assumed such prop- “Never have we been faced with He it He pro-administration Voorhis felt compelled to ask the peacetime profits of 1939. The total profits for the Arise, Ye Wretched of the Earth. . . ’Tis the Final portions that the Nazis were such a grave situation.” Reports continue to come of de forced to call out their armored question in Congress: “ Are we now witnessing. . . the year will be about §23 billion, approximately four Conflict, Let Each Stand His in His Place, The * * * termined resistance to fascism in cars to disperse the aroused complete cartelization of the oil industry of Amer times more than in 1939. Clearly, these are golden International Party Shall Be the Human Race.” On Dec. 20, dispatches from northern Italy. A Naples dis workers. ica, under government sanction?.”