DOCSLIB.ORG

Guidelines for Producing Camera-Ready Copy

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Guidelines for Producing Camera-Ready Copy TOWARDS A CHRISTOLOGICAL MISSIOLOGY FOR AFRICA: ON-GOING RELEVANCE OF JESUS CHRIST IN MISSIONS IN SOUTH AFRICA ___________________________________________________________________________ Siegfried John Ngubane Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Missiology At the University of the Free State Supervisor: Professor Pieter Verster July 2013 The opinions expressed in this thesis do not necessarily reflect the views of the University of the Free State. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am deeply grateful to God our Almighty Father and to the Lord Jesus our Saviour for his strength through the period of working on this thesis. Without the guidance, wisdom and strength of the Holy Spirit this would have been very difficult to complete. I would also like to heartily convey my gratitude to the following people for their contribution to this study: I want to thank Professor. P. Verster for his guidance and coaching, and his resolve in keeping me focused. He has been a great encouragement. I also want to thank the University of the Free State, especially the Department of Theology for the financial assistance which afforded me the means to conduct this research. My gratitude also goes to the staff of SIM for the support they gave me throughout my studies, especially Miss Elizabeth Chudleigh for her proofreading. Last but not least, my family: Maureen and our three children, and also our granddaughter for their sacrifice in allowing me to embark on and complete this research. i ABSTRACT In the multi-faith, multicultural context of South Africa today, we need Christological missiology that will orient the church and missions to an understanding of Christ as the centre of Christian missions in South Africa. This missiology should witness in a non-judgemental manner, without compromising and without losing its critical edge. This is a missiology that will acknowledge and respect, in a spirit of honest openness, the reality of the context of South Africa and the world today and the reality of other religions and their mission endeavours. This research thesis has eight chapters. The first chapter serves as an introduction to the research. It deals with the background of the research and proposal. My hypothesis is that Christological missiology will guide the church in South Africa in continuing to see the relevance of Jesus Christ in missions. The church and missions will have a healthy understanding that her calling to missions is centred on the person and work of Jesus Christ protecting and preventing her from syncretism and entanglement in politics. In order to test this hypothesis, three questions were raised: How does an evangelical church respond to this quest? Have the evangelicals in South Africa orientated themselves enough to an understanding of Christ-centred missiology to be able to help the church in missionary work? What is the importance of the person and work of Christ in missions? The second chapter is dedicated to the definition of terms that are used in this study. Chapters 3 and 4 look at Christology and missiology. Chapter 5 reveals the findings of interviews with three missionary organisations: AIM (Africa Inland Mission), OM (Operational Mobilisation) and SIM (Serving In Mission). Contextualisation in missions is dealt with in Chapter 6, while Chapter seven deals with missions in South Africa, focussing on Jesus as the centre of missions. Chapter 8 concludes with final remarks and recommendation for further study in related fields. ii OPSOMMING In die huidige meervoudige geloofs- en kulturele konteks van Suid-Afrika is daar ’n Christologiese missiologie nodig wat die kerk en sending rig op die insig dat Christus die sentrum van die Christelike sending in Suid-Afrika is. Hierdie missiologie moet getuienis lewer op ’n nie-veroordelende wyse, maar ook sonder kompromieë en sonder om die skerp kritiese beoordeling te verloor. Hierdie missiologie sal dus die werklikhede van die huidige konteks in Suid-Afrika en die wêreld en van ander godsdienste en hulle sendingondernemings in die gees van openlike eerlikheid erken en respekteer. Agt hoofstukke word in hierdie navorsing aangebied. Die eerste hoofstuk handel oor die agtergrond van en voorstelle vir die navorsing en lei dus die navorsing in. Die hipotese is dat ’n Christologiese missiologie die kerk in Suid-Afrika sal rig om die voortdurende relevansie van Jesus Christus in sending raak te sien. Die kerk en sending sal dan ’n gesonde begrip hê dat haar roeping tot sending gegrondves is in die persoon en werk van Christus, wat haar sal bewaar van sinkretisme en ook daarvan om verstrengel te raak in politiekery. Om hierdie hipotese te toets is drie vrae gestel: Hoe reageer ’n evangeliese kerk op die uitdaging? Het die evangeliese Christene in Suid-Afrika hulle genoeg georiënteer op die verstaan van Christusgesentreerde sending om die kerk te help om sendingwerk te verrig? Wat is die plek van die persoon en werk van Christus in sending? Deur hierdie vrae te oorweeg sal sekere antwoorde verskaf word. Dit is gedoen deur na Christologiese tendense te kyk, na tendense in die sending, en deur navorsing te doen deur vraelyste aan drie sendingorganisasies te gee, naamlik: AIM (Africa Inland Mission), OM (Operation Mobilisation) en SIM (Serving In Mission). Daar word gehandel met kontekstualisering en die voortgaande relevansie van Jesus Christus in sending. iii DEDICATION I dedicate this research to my wife Maureen and our three children Geraldine, Lungile and Nkanyiso and also our granddaughter Dimpho. They have given me unfailing support throughout the period of this study. I also dedicate it to all the staff at the SIM SA office in Cape Town, and SIM missionaries and other missionaries in the South African field and those who labour in other countries. iv DECLARATION I, Siegfried Ngubane, declare that this research is my own work and that all sources I have used or quoted have been indicated and acknowledged by means of complete references. All copyright is ceded to the University of the Free State. Signed …………………………. ….. Date………………………. v LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 Progression from Christology to Ecclesiology .......................................................... 23 Figure 2 Global urban percentages ........................................................................................... 99 Figure 3 Biblical Contextualisation ......................................................................................... 169 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1 The urban and rural population of the world, 1950-2030 ......................................... 97 Table 2 Projections of populations of megacities ..................................................................... 98 Table 3 Various levels of contextualisation among missionaries who work with Muslims or in the Muslim world .................................................................................................................. 158 vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................................... i ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................... ii OPSOMMING ..................................................................................................................... iii DEDICATION ...................................................................................................................... iv DECLARATION ................................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................. vi LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................... viii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................ 13 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 13 1.2 Background of the study ............................................................................................. 15 1.2.1 The church in South Africa ...................................................................................... 15 1.2.2 African Christianity and African theology .............................................................. 17 1.2.3 The impact of cultural revolution ............................................................................ 18 1.2.4 Christ and culture ..................................................................................................... 19 1.3 Major influences on this study .................................................................................... 20 1.3.1 Roman Catholicism .................................................................................................. 20 1.3.2 Pentecostalism.......................................................................................................... 21 1.3.3 Reformed conservative evangelicalism ................................................................... 21 1.4 Limitations .................................................................................................................. 21 1.5 Problem statement ......................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Journal of Ukrainian Studies
    JOURNAL OF UKRAINIAN STUDIES Summer-Winter 1992 CONTRIBUTORS: GUEST EDITORS: Zenon E. Kohut Dushan Bednarsky laroslav Isaievych Zenon E. Kohut Mikhail Dmitriev Frank E. Sysyn Ihor SevCenko Antoni Mironowicz David A. Frick IpHHa BopoHHyK Shmuel Ettinger Frank E. Sysyn Serhii Plokhy Natalia Pylypiuk Peter Rolland Dushan Bednarsky Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 https://archive.org/details/journalofukraini1712cana JOURNAL OF UKRAINIAN STUDIES Volume 17, Numbers 1-2 Summer-Winter 1992 SPECIAL ISSUE EARLY MODERN UKRAINE GUEST EDITORS: CONTRIBUTORS: Dushan Bednarsky Zenon E. Kohut Zenon E. Kohut laroslav Isaievych Erank E. Sysyn Mikhail Dmitriev Ihor Sevcenko Antoni Mironowicz David A. Frick IpHHa BopoHuyK Shmuel Ettinger Frank E. Sysyn Serhii Plokhy Natalia Pylypiuk Peter Rolland Dushan Bednarsky EDITOR Zenon E. Kohut Editorial Board Marusia K. Petryshyn Danylo Husar Struk Frances A. Swyripa Frank E. Sysyn Maxim Tarnawsky The Journal of Ukrainian Studies is published semiannually in the summer and winter by the Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, University of Alberta. Annual subscription rates are $16.50 ($1.05 GST inch) for individuals and $21.50 ($1.40 GST incl.) for libraries and institutions in Canada. Outside of Canada annual subscription rates are $15.00 for individuals and $20.00 for libraries and institutions. Subscribers outside of Canada should pay in US funds. Cheques and money orders are payable to the Journal of Ukrainian Studies. Please do not send cash. The Journal publishes articles on Ukrainian and Ukrainian-Canadian studies. It also publishes discussions, book reviews, and journalistic articles of a controversial or problem-oriented nature. Ideally, those wishing to submit articles should first send a letter of inquiry, with a brief abstract of the article to the editor at CIUS, 352 Athabasca Hall, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6K 2E8.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genius of the Roman Rite: the Reception and Implementation of the New Missal Pdf
    FREE THE GENIUS OF THE ROMAN RITE: THE RECEPTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEW MISSAL PDF SJ Keith F. Pecklers | 160 pages | 29 Dec 2009 | Continuum Publishing Corporation | 9781441104038 | English | New York, United States The Genius of the Roman Rite, by Keith Pecklers SJ - PrayTellBlog It developed in the Latin language in the city of Rome and, while distinct Latin liturgical rites such as the Ambrosian Rite remain, the Roman Rite has over time been adopted almost everywhere in the Western Church. In medieval times there were very many local variants, even if they did not all amount to distinct rites, but uniformity grew as a result of the invention of printing and in obedience to the decrees of the — Council of Trent see Quo primum. Several Latin liturgical rites that survived into the 20th century were abandoned voluntarily in the wake of the Second Vatican Council. The Roman Rite is now the most widespread liturgical rite not only in the Latin Church but in Christianity as a whole. It is now normally celebrated in the form promulgated by Pope Paul VI in and revised by Pope John Paul II inbut use of the Roman Missal remains authorized as an extraordinary form under the conditions indicated in the papal document Summorum Pontificum. The Roman Rite is noted for its sobriety of expression. Concentration on the exact moment of change of the bread and wine into the Body and Blood of Christ has led, in the Roman Rite, to the consecrated Host and the chalice being shown to the people immediately after the Words of Institution.
    [Show full text]
  • Calendar Christs Time for the Church 1St Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    CALENDAR CHRISTS TIME FOR THE CHURCH 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Laurence Hull Stookey | 9780687011360 | | | | | Calendar Christs Time for the Church 1st edition PDF Book Over all though I think he gave a good feel for not only the meaning of the calendar and its role in the church to day, but also an overview of the history of the way the Church and its calendar has evolved over the centuries. Seller Inventory As in Advent, the deacon and subdeacon of the pre form of the Roman Rite do not wear their habitual dalmatic and tunicle signs of joy in Masses of the season during Lent; instead they wear "folded chasubles", in accordance with the ancient custom. The dates of the festivals vary somewhat between the different churches, though the sequence and logic is largely the same. American Catholic literature Bible fiction Christian drama Christian poetry Christian novel Christian science fiction Spiritual autobiography. Special occasion bulletins are also available for baptisms, ordinations and funerals. The greatest feast is Pascha. The Fathers on the Sunday Gospels. The season begins on January 14 [24] and ends on the Saturday before Septuagesima Sunday. Help Learn to edit Community portal Recent changes Upload file. The letter was his response to a public statement of caution outlined in A Call for Unity that had been issued by seven white Christian ministers and one Jewish rabbi, who agreed that there were injustices, but argued that the battle against segregation should be fought patiently and in the courts, not the streets. Annually recurring fixed sequence of Christian feast days.
    [Show full text]
  • Devotional March 6 – April 20, 2019
    LENTEN DEVOTIONAL MARCH 6 – APRIL 20, 2019 The Lenten Season Lent is a forty-day period before Easter. It begins on Ash Wednesday and ends with the Resurrection on Easter. We skip Sundays when we count the forty days because Sundays commemorate the Resurrection. This year Lent begins on March 6, 2019 and ends on April 20, 2019. It is meant as a time for repentance and reflection, for silence and prayer, for listening to God. The season serves as a reminder of our need to humble ourselves and call upon Jesus for forgiveness. When we participate in the devotions and traditions of Lent, we participate personally in Christ’s sacrifice, death and resurrection in a way that allows us to be involved with what He has done for us on many levels, both spiritually and physically, in a very personal and meaningful way. This will not only teach us personal strength and discipline, but will bless us as the true meaning of Lent fills our hearts and strengthens our spirits. How to Use This Guide This guide is intended to provide families, individuals or study groups with a devotional to study each day of the Lenten season. As we progress through Lent we will study ways we “Follow Jesus for Life.” Some tell their story of coming to Christ, some describe where they have seen Christ in action, and some describe some disciplines and practices that help us in our journey with Jesus. Each day the guide includes a passage of Scripture, a devotion, an image and a prayer.
    [Show full text]
  • Rites of the Catholic Church Free
    FREE RITES OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH PDF Various | 496 pages | 01 Jun 1990 | Liturgical Press | 9780814660379 | English | Collegeville, MN, United States Christian Initiation of Adults | USCCB There are, however, many more rites, generally counting membership at less than a few hundred thousand world-wide, that make up the panorama of Catholic Christians. Here's an outline, followed by a brief description of the most common Eastern liturgy. Musical Musings: Miscellaneous. Rites of the Catholic Church by Gary D. Western Catholic Church Roman Latin Rite By far the most prevalent rite in the Catholic Church; the liturgy derives Rites of the Catholic Church Roman practices and the use of Latin as the official language since the 3rd century. Two possible origins of this rite co-exist: 1. Rites of Religious Orders Generally the Roman Rite, with calendar Rites of the Catholic Church and minor discrepancies, particularly regarding the Divine Office. Benedictine ["Monastic Rite"] Carmelite Carthusian Cistercian Dominican Franciscan ["Romano-Seraphicum Usage"] Praemonstratensian Norbertine It should be noted that, although not a separate "rite," there are parishes in the United States that follow a distinct Catholic liturgy derived from Anglican traditions. Anglican Use communities are parishes that have come over to Catholicism from an Episcopal Anglican background. These have been increasing in number, particularly with the "progressive" changes occurring within the Episcopal Church. Back to Miscellaneous Index. Part 2: Eastern Rites. Send website comments or Rites of the Catholic Church to: webmaster canticanova. BRIEF INTRO TO THE RITES OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH The Eastern Churches, each of which has its own associated rite, liturgical language, customs, spirituality, region, patriarch, episcopacy, and particular name.
    [Show full text]
  • Divine Office: V. 1 Ebook, Epub
    DIVINE OFFICE: V. 1 PDF, EPUB, EBOOK none | 1984 pages | 04 Sep 2012 | HarperCollins Publishers | 9780007210893 | English | London, United Kingdom Divine Office: v. 1 PDF Book Retrieved 19 January This form of prayer was prayed by Jesus and his disciples. Book ratings by Goodreads. Rev , and in no way are intended to be used as curses". Listen to this article. Following the Second Vatican Council, the Catholic Church's Latin Church, hoping to restore their character as the prayer of the entire Church, revised the liturgical book for the celebration of the Divine Office, and published it under the title "Liturgy of the Hours". The Church has always considered the sun to be a symbol of Christ rising from the dead. Retrieved 7 November It leads back into the darkness of the night, but a darkness different from that of vigils. The Franciscans sought a one-volume breviary for its friars to use during travels, so the order adopted the Breviarium Curiae , but substituting the Gallican Psalter for the Roman. Top charts. The day is almost over, our work is done. Monastics spend this time enveloped in and supported by darkness and silence in lectio divina, prayer and meditation. Those of you who may like to join us in praying the same psalms as we do at a particular hour of the liturgy will find our arrangement at our Psalms Page. Price Free. Fulton Sheen Audio Library. The Divine Office and the Liturgy of the Hours editions are both based on the Latin editio typica. Description Continuing the tradition of centuries, The Divine Office is the Catholic liturgy for morning prayer, prayer during the day, and evening prayer, for every day of the year.
    [Show full text]
  • THEOLOGIA Reformata Transylvanica
    THEOLOGIA reformata transylvanica 2/2019 Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica 64/2 July – December 2019 Issue DOI:10.24193/subbtref.64.2 Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Theologia Reformata Transylvanica Editorial board: EDITOR-IN-CHIEF: Associate prof. dr. Olga LUKÁCS, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca EXECUTIVE EDITOR: Associate prof. dr. Sarolta PÜSÖK, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca REFEREES: Acad. prof. dr. Gábor SIPOS, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Univ. prof. dr. Károly FEKETE, University of Religious Sciences, Debrecen Univ. prof. dr. Előd HODOSSY-TAKÁCS, University of Religious Sciences, Debrecen Univ. prof. dr. Béla BARÁTH, University of Religious Sciences, Debrecen Univ. prof. dr. Klaus FITSCHEN, University of Leipzig Univ. prof. dr. János MOLNÁR, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Univ. prof. dr. Gábor HÉZSER, University of Bielefeld Univ. prof. dr. Sándor FAZAKAS, University of Religious Sciences, Debrecen Univ. prof. dr. Dénes DIENES, Reformed Theological Academy of Sárospatak Univ. prof. dr. Dezső BUZOGÁNY, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Univ. prof. dr. Sándor-Béla VISKY, Protestant Theological Institute, Cluj-Napoca Associate prof. dr. Ibolya BALLA, Pápa Refored Theological Seminary Associate prof. dr. Sára BODÓ, University of Religious Sciences, Debrecen Associate prof. dr. László HOLLÓ, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Associate prof. dr. Lehel LÉSZAI, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Associate prof. dr. Attila LÉVAI, Selye János University, Komarno Associate prof. dr. Alfréd SOMOGYI, Selye János University, Komarno Lecturer prof. dr. Mária KUN, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Lecturer prof. dr. Gabriella GORBAI, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Lecturer prof. dr. István PÉTER, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca EDITORIAL ASSISTANT: Assist. dr. András László RÁD, Babeş-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca The staff wishes to thank PhD student Renáta Bilibók for the proofreading of this issue.
    [Show full text]
  • |||GET||| History of the Liturgy the Major Stages 1St Edition
    HISTORY OF THE LITURGY THE MAJOR STAGES 1ST EDITION DOWNLOAD FREE Marcel Metzger | 9780814624333 | | | | | Eucharistic Liturgy and Theology Litvakov, Moses. Above all, Pius reformed the liturgical laws to enable History of the Liturgy The Major Stages 1st edition frequent Communion Sacra Tridentina,and recommended the reception of Communion for children. In the earlier calendar, most of the months were simply called by a number such as "the fifth month". The division into doubles of various kinds semidoubles and simples continued untilwhen Pope Pius XII abolished the rank of semidouble, making all the previous semidoubles simples, and reducing the previous simples to a mere commemoration in the Mass of another feast day or of the feria on which they fell see General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII. The first version of the Confirmation Service for the new church was also released intranslated into regional languages and was quickly adopted by the various dioceses. Do you furnish His table with cloths bespangled with gold, while you refuse Him even the most basic coverings? Give Feedback External Websites. An important tradition of liturgical commentaries from the 8th-century Ecclesiastical History of the Patriarch Germanus of Constantinople to the 14th-century commentary by Nicholas Cabasilas has shaped the Byzantine appreciation of the Eucharistic liturgy up to the present. Many of its feasts e. The early liturgical evidence from Spain is not as extensive as other geographical centers. A series of three prayers precedes and follows a meal. Although he did not publish more than a single book, Beauduin's many talks, lectures, and articles in Questions Liturgiques, as well as his influence on the many priests he trained about the liturgy, represent an abiding source for the movement toward the reform of the liturgy that came after him.
    [Show full text]
  • 2Nd Sunday of Lent
    2nd Sunday of Lent MASSES & INTENTIONS Redlich, Ann Reed, Cheryl Reed, Dora Reed, Gary Reed, Lynda Reed, Irving SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 24, 2018 Reed, Sandra Reed, Octavia Reeves Fly., Will Reid, Sharon, Richard, Jonathan, Hayley, Jayden, Ryleigh, Skylie, Jackson, Martha, Rusty, and Patsy Rider, Janice 4:30 P.M. MASS – Don Fontenot, Bruce & Mary Esther Rider, Salis Rider, Vera Ross, Fr. Fred Russi, Evelyn Sandell, Tina Sapienza, Courville, Jeremy Rider, Fran Meaux, Eldridge Hance Fly., Liv. Quentin Savoie, Sister Ann Margaret Savant, Tucker Scimemi, Benton & Yvonne & Dec., Hunter Carmouche, Helen & Glenn Sonnier, Cecilia Smith, Lonnie Stcyr, Aerial Storer, Donald Taylor, Erin Taylor, Lory Taylor, Sonnier Celeman Thomas, Matthew Truman, Dollyanna Victorian, Joseph Vizena, Linda SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 2018 Voeller, JoAnn Welch, Odelia & Ernest Wilson, Nicole Young, Theresa Young 7:30 A.M. MASS – Pro Populo (For the People) 10:00 A.M. MASS – Marvin Banks, Carol Deshotel, Leonard Vocations Candle and Cross – Mr. & Mrs. Todd Manuel & Fly. Beaubouef & Sons, Edward Maddox, Henry Heinen, Angelle L. Durio, Linda LeJeune Ladies Altar Society News & Dues Please mark your calendars and plan to attend the next Ladies Altar MONDAY, FEBRUARY 26, 2018 Society meeting March 6th at 5:30 P.M. in the parish hall. St. Joseph’s 6:30 A.M. MASS – D.C. Reed., Jr. Altar is scheduled for March 18th and preparations will be discussed. TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 27, 2018 All ladies are invited to attend. If you have not yet paid your $20 dues NO MASS for this year you may pay at the meeting or at the church office. WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 28, 2018 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 6:30 A.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Christian Music and Culture in India
    IJMSS Vol.2 Issue-12, (December 2014) ISSN: 2321-1784 Impact Factor- 3.259 CHRISTIAN MUSIC AND CULTURE IN INDIA Samuel Praise P., Dr. K. Meenakshi, Research Scholar, Associate Professor (Senior), VIT University, Vellore, India. VIT University, Vellore. #120, mullai nagar, 2nd cross, Otteri, bagayam, vellore-632002, India. Abstract This paper focuses on the origin of Christianity and Christian music in India, how it originated during the early stages and its development till date. Until the late 1960s, Christian music invoked images of church, hymnals and organs. Traditional was the word of the day but not anymore. The face of Christian music has spent the last 30 and more years evolving and growing. Pipe organs have been set aside for electric guitars and drums. Hymnals have been replaced by hard hitting lyrics that speak of today and a God that is fully in control of our times. Christian music has gone farther than the church and can be found on radio, TV, in concert halls and at huge rallies and festivals. It has expanded to include a vast array of styles. Rock, metal, rap, country, gospel, urban gospel, easy listening, and pop are all covered so regardless of taste in music style. Today’s Christian can find something of interest to listen to. Christian music is on the go with its own video shows, radio stations, awards, publications and web sites. The change itself hasn't been sudden. It has taken many years. Through the sacrifices from artists who were bold enough to go against tradition and giving music its shape according to its times.
    [Show full text]
  • The Transformative Power of Literacy
    The Transformative Power of Literacy Seminal Readings during the English Reformation St John’s Adult Education February 15, 23 & March 1 Nancy Elkington David said of the Apostles and their preaching, "the sound of them went out into each land, and the words of them went out into the ends of the world." John Purvey’s Prologue to the English Bible Translated by John Wycliffe and John Purvey 1390s Week 1: Literacy ca 1400-1450 ▪ Setting the Scene ▪ On Being Christian ▪ John Wycliffe ▪ Listeners and Readers ▪ Teaching and Learning ▪ Praying and Prayers ▪ Scribal Culture ▪ University Learning ▪ Vernacular Bible Movements Week 2: Transformations 1450-1550 Transformative Technologies ▪ Paper, Printing, Moveable Type, Ink ▪ Spread of the combined technologies Transforming England ▪ Wycliffe and Caxton ▪ Impact of Vernacular Bibles on Literacy ▪ What Were They Reading? ▪ Incunable Bestsellers Week 3: English Reformation 16th C • Henry VII – First Tudor; he and his mother Lady Margaret Beaufort were both patrons of William Caxton • Henry VIII – Anne Boleyn & Thomas Cromwell (both Protestants, both died as heretics), The Dissolution, the first royally authorized vernacular bible, Archbishop Cranmer • Edward VI – Cranmer & Book of Common Prayer 1549 • Mary I – Latin mass, bibles, lots of “heretics” burnt-at-stakes • Elizabeth I – Elizabethan Settlement, Book of Common Prayer 1559 revision, disliked long sermons & raised hosts, religious toleration, a middle way Week 1: Literacy ca 1400-1450 ▪ Setting the Scene ▪ On Being Christian ▪ John Wycliffe ▪ Listeners and Readers ▪ Teaching and Learning ▪ Praying and Prayers ▪ Scribal Culture ▪ University Learning ▪ Vernacular Bible Movements Setting the Scene: 1300 - 1400 • Great Western Schism: 1309-1378 Gregory XI’s et al corrupt papacy in Avignon; 1378-1418 Urban VI stays in Rome, Clement VII (Anti-Pope) moves to Avignon • Crop Failures & Famine: throughout 14th century: climate change led to devastating crop failures and widespread famine across Europe 1315-17, 1321, 1351 & 1369.
    [Show full text]
  • THE DEVELOPMENT of the RITE of BAPTISM Joseph Lupi
    THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RITE OF BAPTISM Joseph Lupi The first account we have of a rite of Baptism is in the first Apology of Justin, written in A.D. 150: "As many as are persuaded and believe what we teach and say is true, and undertake to be able to live accordingly, are instructed to pray and to entreat God with fasting for the remission of their sins that are past, we praying and fasting with them. Then they are brought by us where there is water, and are regenerated in the same manner in which we ourselves were regenerated. For in the name of God the Father and Lord of the universe, and of our Saviour Jesus Christ, and of the Holy Spirit they then receive the washing with water ...... After we have thus washed who has been convinced and has given his assent, we bring him to those who are called brethren where they are assembled together, in order that we may offer prayer in common for ourselves and for the person who has received illumination and for all others in every place.... Having ended the prayers .... to the president is brought bread and a cup of water and wine ... and he, taking them, gives praise and glory to the Father of all things ... And when the president has celebrated the Eucharist. ... deacons give to each of those who are present a portion of the Eucharistic bread and wine and water. ... " (Apol. 61-62) The Traditio Apostolica, generally attributed to Hippolytus of Rome, gives more details: before one is accepted as a candidate for Baptism a severe inquiry is made about his life and social condition the Traditio giving a long list of persons who cannot be accepted as candidates for Baptism; those accepted as candidates undergo a three year long preparation for Baptism, after which only those who during this three year period have given a good account of themselves, are accepted for Baptism during the Easter Vigil.
    [Show full text]