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Decoration on Castles of Huntly and Balvenie. 387

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Decoration on Castles of Huntly and Balvenie. 387 DECORATIO CASTLEN NO S OF HUNTL BALVENIED YAN 7 38 . IV. HERALDIC DECORATIO CASTLEE TH N N O HUNTLF SO D YAN BALVENIE THOMAY B . S INNE LEARNEYF SO , F.S.A.ScoT., CARRICK PURSUIVANT OF ARMS. Amongst the outstanding features of Huntly Castle is the effective manner in which heraldry has been applied to the decoration of the structure, so that it is not merely a panel inserted upon the house but part of the architectural ensemble, and the result has been extraordinarily [Photo A. B. Beattie, Huntly. Fig. 1. Huntly Castle: view of "Palace" from the south after conservation. picturesque, and indeed remains so even in its present damaged condition. Approachin f loft o e castl yth w g ro e a fro e souto m t th looe p hw u k bow windows, knit together by two great bands of lettering, containing the names of the builder and his wife—George Gordon, Marquis of Huntly, and Henriette Stewart, Marquisse of Huntly (fig. 1). Design of this nature was not unknown at the period. Hardwick Hall exhibits another instance, but I know of no such stately example as the tall bow 8 38 PROCEEDING E SOCIETYTH F O S , MARC , 193511 H . windows crowning the lofty solidity of Huntly's massive palace. The letterin s separategi mulletsy db , whic thin hi s situatio somewhae nar t difficul explaino t t , unless they bear some subtle referenc famile th o et y e oft-soughclaith mo t t Earldo f Moraymo . That some heraldic signi- ficance is implied is evident from the appearance at the central window, fleur-de-lie oth f f Darnleyo s e chargth , e fro Marchioness'e mth s achieve- mentdumme Th . y window above, however, display typicasa l Scottish armorial tympanum wit quarteree hth d Gordonshiele th f do Huntlyf so ; 1st and 3rd, the boars' .heads of Gordon; 2nd, three lions' heads for the Lordship of Badenoch; 3rd, three crescents within a tressure for Seton; 4th, three fraise e mair Eraserth fo sf n O gatewa. e easth tn yo no decorative traces remain, but from the decoration of the palace block one may infer that this also would be highly decorated, presumably with the arms of Huntly, immediately above the door, and over them e Royath l Arm f Scotlando s , somewhat aftee stylth r e whic s stilhi l visible at Tolquhon. Within the courtyard, however, where the cause- way leads to the great doorway of the palace, we find in the round stair- case tower, which still exist heigha f so f somo t feet5 e4 compositioa , n which is probably the most splendid heraldic doorway in the British Isles r achievemenfo , t after achievement e stretche th e sid f th o e p u s tower, connecte y delicatelb d y moulded panels thao s , s t whewa l al n fres emblazoned han e corbellecolourn di th d an , d turret abov coms ewa - plete t musi , t have bee ntrula y imposing entrance (fig. First2) . , above e dooth r itself come four small shields upo e over-lintelth n , charged respectively with (1) the quartered arms of Huntly, (2) the initials of the Marquis and Marchioness, (3) the arms of Lennox, (4) shield with date 1602. Between the three mar e animals, apparently greyhounds, creatures which have always bee e Huntlnth y armorial supporters s suri e - On . prised that the initial and date should have been inscribed upon the two secondary shields, where one might have expected to find the arms e Marquis'th of s maternal ancestors, Hamilto d Keithe an nTh . opportunity for incorporating these does not, however, seem to have struc e builderkth sincd e Huntly'an , eth s associations wit e Royahth l Officer o frequentl to f Arm o sd ha s y bee e arrivath n f 'o ' lLetter f o s Treason" and other such executorials, no doubt the Marquis did not seek heraldic assistanc sucn ei h matters—beyon e actuath d l detailf o s e bearingsth e artistiTh . c compositio o muce s e morth s i th nh o t e crediMarquise th f o t . lone Th g moulded facade toweth f o er displays four panels f whico , h the first contains the impaled arms of Huntly and Lennox, being those s e wifeMarquiohi th f ,d Ladan s y Henriette Stewart. These ar e 390 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, MARCH 11, 1935. supported by the collared hound of the Gordons upon the dexter, and a somewhat damaged animal, which is presumably the wolf of Lennox, upon the sinister. It is noticeable that both the Gordon and Darnley mottoes are incorporated, and in the intervening space between the 1st and 2nd panel is an open crown in detail more of a Royal nature than the accepted pattern of crest coronet, which—if it appeared in the earlier work—tempore Mary Queen of Scots, may not have escaped her adherents when pointing out that Huntly was too magnificent a build- ing for a subject. From the coronet, however, emerges not only the Gordon stag's hea t alse bull'bu dth o s hea f Lennoxo d a somewha, t incongruous combination exactln a t bu y; similar arrangemen s founi t d later on, in the memorial to Udny of that ilk at Newburgh, and the practice of displaying the crest of the wife's family along with one's own seems to have been fairly usual in seventeenth-century Scotland. In the panel above appears the Royal Arms of Scotland, impaled with those of Denmark, being those of James VI. and Anne of Denmark. e Queee armth f Th o sn show: quarterly ) Denmark(1 , ) Norway(2 , , (3) Sweden basen Gothland) i (4 ) , (5 , Vandaliad an , . Ove l dividinal r g the first four quarterings, the cross of the Dannebrogg and over all an inescutcheon, charged with an escutcheon en surtout. The two last are t carvede detailno th o s s, were presumably painted e onlyfirsTh t . should have shown quarterly Holstein) (1 , Stammarn) (2 , Ditmarken) (3 , , (4) Lauenburg, whilst the escutcheon en surtout would have born, per pale, dexter, Oldenburg, sinister Delmanhorst. Supporters on the dexter Scottise th y b h Unicorn, holdin e Royagth sinistee lth bannern o r d an , the wyvern of Denmark, holding a banner charged with a similar wyvern. The badge of St Andrew is pendant beneath the Royal shield; and I would remind you that only eleven years later, in 1613, in Mennevius, Delicice Equestrium sive Militarum Ordinem, details are given of what purports to be the rules of the Order of the Thistle, to which Order Bishop Lesli alsd eha o referre s alsi t o i 1578n i dreferrea d n an i , o t d Sinclair pedigree dated 1590, in the Lyon Office. There is thus good reaso believo nt e thae ThistlOrdern th ta s a e actually existed an t da before this time. Indeed t appear i , e reig th s ris it nn hav o ei t s d eha of James III., revivals unde rJamed Jamean . s thereafted IV sV. an , r to have been kept alive by the badge in the Royal Arms, though no revival as a knightly brotherhood took place until the reign of James VII. , indeedis t I , somewhat curious tha te revival eacth e Orde f th h o f o rs appear havo st e been associated wit bandine hth g togethe chivalria f o r c brotherhoo defencn di e Churc th f o ef Rome ho , whose tenet indeed sha d been introduced into Scotland along wit veneratioe hth t AndrewS f no . DECORATIO CASTLEN NO F HUNTLO S BALVENIED YAN 1 39 . Above this panel appear e Royath s l Cres f Scotlando t e lioth ,n sejant upo crowne nth , whils eithen o t r side appea initiale th r Kinf so g James and his, wife: I.R.6, Jacobus Rex, Sextus, and A.R.S. Anne Regina Scotorum, whilst the Royal motto, IN DEFENS, has been got in by affixing it to a panel across the leaf-embellished moulding of the upper panel, wherein are depicted the emblems of Our Lord's Passion, above which appears the motto: "A B S N Nobis gloriar nisi in cruce domini nostri Jesu Christe."mouldee th n I d panel above this appear blazinsa g sun within a circle of clouds, along with the motto, Divina virtwte resurgo, Fig . Huntl3 . y Castle: fourte Armth f so h Ear wifeHuntls f o lhi ,d yan Elizabeth Keith nortn o , h wal "Palace.f o l " f mouldingo p to whilseithee n o sth t ra tlioa side n ear sejan t affronte and a double-headed eagle, presumably representing Scotland and the Holy Roman Empire, or the Norse raven. Surmounting the whole com- bination is the figure of St Michael; but this and the two sacred panels beneath it have been sadly defaced by the activity of Major Strachan, wh n 165i o 0 busied himsel n defacini f g "the popish emblems.n O " e nortth he palac th a walparticularl f s o i el y pleasant achievement of the 4th Earl and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Keith, which is an instructive piece of carving, since it shows the comital achievement adapted to a situatio whicn ni h horizontal latitud requireds e wa se herd e an ,ew the fancy shield type of the sixteenth century expanded so as to show both the arms of husband and wife effectively, and above, the old- fashioned Scottish type of Earl's coronet used before the Union (fig.
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