27mm spine allowed M38 cover art IUGS BerfortsSpec 9-13_Layout 1 12/11/2013 12:08 Page 1

Geological Society Memoir No. 38 E G e a o r l o l y g i Early Palaeozoic Biogeography c P a l a

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D r a . A The Early Palaeozoic was a critical interval in the evolution of marine life on our planet. Through p Edited by D. A. T. Harper and T. Servais . h T .

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a window of some 120 million years, the Cambrian Explosion, Great Ordovician Biodiversification H

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Event, End Ordovician Extinction and the subsequent Silurian Recovery established a steep e d r

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trajectory of increasing marine biodiversity that started in the Late Proterozoic and continued n a d

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into the Devonian. Biogeography is a key property of virtually all organisms; their distributional . e S o e r

ranges, mapped out on a mosaic of changing palaeogeography, have played important roles in g v a e i s modulating the diversity and evolution of marine life. This Memoir first introduces the content, o ( g E d r i a

some of the concepts involved in describing and interpreting palaeobiogeography, and the t o p r s h changing Early Palaeozoic geography is illustrated through a series of time slices. The subsequent ) y 26 chapters, compiled by some 130 authors from over 20 countries, describe and analyse distributional and in many cases diversity data for all the major biotic groups plotted on current palaeogeographic maps. Nearly a quarter of a century after the publication of the ‘Green Book’ (Geological Society, London, Memoir 12, edited by McKerrow and Scotese), improved stratigraphic and taxonomic data together with more accurate, digitized palaeogeographic maps, have confirmed the central role of palaeobiogeography in understanding the evolution of Early Palaeozoic ecosystems and their biotas.

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Cover illustration: The relatively widespread Cambrian arthropod Agnostus pisiformis (Wahlenberg, 1818) from the Guzhangian Stage in Västergötland, Sweden. Photo courtesy of Professor Per Ahlberg, University of Lund, Sweden.

The Geological Society Published by the Geological Society

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Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3911603/9781862396425_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 29 September 2021 The Geological Society of London Books Editorial Committee

Chief Editor

Rick Law (USA)

Society Books Editors Jim Griffiths (UK) Dave Hodgson (UK) Howard Johnson (UK) Phil Leat (UK) Daniela Schmidt (UK) Randell Stephenson (UK) Rob Strachan (UK) Mark Whiteman (UK)

Society Books Advisors Ghulam Bhat (India) Marie-Franc¸oise Brunet (France) James Goff (Australia) Mario Parise (Italy) Satish-Kumar (Japan) Marco Vecoli (Saudi Arabia) Gonzalo Veiga (Argentina) Maarten de Wit (South Africa)

IUGS/GSL publishing agreement

This volume is published under an agreement between the International Union of Geological Sciences and the Geological Society of London and arises from IGCP 503 ‘Ordovician Palaeogeography and Palaeoclimate’. GSL is the publisher of choice for books related to IUGS activities, and the IUGS receives a fee for all books published under this agreement. Books published under this agreement are subject to the Society’s standard rigorous proposal and manuscript review procedures.

It is recommended that reference to all or part of this book should be made in one of the following ways: Harper, D. A. T. & Servais, T. (eds) 2013. Early Palaeozoic Biogeography and Palaeogeography. Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 38.

Wellman, C. H., Steemans, P. & Vecoli, M. 2013. Palaeophytogeography of Ordovician–Silurian land plants. In: Harper, D. A. T. & Servais, T. (eds) Early Palaeozoic Biogeography and Palaeogeography. Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 38, 461–476. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/ M38.29

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Early Palaeozoic Biogeography and Palaeogeography

EDITED BY

D. A. T. HARPER Durham University, UK

and

T. SERVAIS CNRS – Universite´ de Lille 1, France

2013 Published by The Geological Society London

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Published by The Geological Society from: The Geological Society Publishing House, Unit 7, Brassmill Enterprise Centre, Brassmill Lane, Bath BA1 3JN, UK The Lyell Collection: www.lyellcollection.org Online bookshop: www.geolsoc.org.uk/bookshop Orders: Tel. + 44 (0)1225 445046, Fax + 44 (0)1225 442836 The publishers make no representation, express or implied, with regard to the accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. # The Geological Society of London 2013. No reproduction, copy or transmission of all or part of this publication may be made without the prior written permission of the publisher. In the UK, users may clear copying permissions and make payment to The Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS UK, and in the USA to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. Other countries may have a local reproduction rights agency for such payments. Full information on the Society’s permissions policy can be found at: www.geolsoc.org.uk/permissions

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978-1-86239-373-8 ISSN 0435-4052

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Downloaded from http://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/books/book/chapter-pdf/3911603/9781862396425_frontmatter.pdf by guest on 29 September 2021 Contents

Chapter 1 HARPER,D.A.T.&SERVAIS, T. Early Palaeozoic biogeography and palaeogeography: towards a modern synthesis 1

Chapter 2 TORSVIK,T.H.&COCKS, L. R. M. New global palaeogeographical reconstructions for the Early Palaeozoic and their generation 5

Chapter 3 SERVAIS, T., CECCA, F., HARPER, D. A. T., ISOZAKI,Y.&NIOCAILL, C. M. Palaeozoic palaeogeographical and 25 palaeobiogeographical nomenclature

Chapter 4 HENDRICKS, J. R. Global distributional dynamics of Cambrian clades as revealed by Burgess Shale-type deposits 35

Chapter 5 JENSEN, S., BUATOIS,L.A.&MA´ NGANO, M. G. Testing for palaeogeographical patterns in the distribution of Cambrian trace fossils 45

Chapter 6 KERNER,A.&DEBRENNE, F. The role of Archaeocyatha in Cambrian biostratigraphy and biogeography 59

Chapter 7 NESTOR,H.&WEBBY, B. D. Biogeography of the Ordovician and Silurian Stromatoporoidea 67

Chapter 8 MUIR, L. A., BOTTING, J. P., CARRERA,M.G.&BERESI, M. Cambrian, Ordovician and Silurian non-stromatoporoid Porifera 81

Chapter 9 ELIAS, R. J., YOUNG, G. A., LEE, D.-J. & BAE, B.-Y. Coral biogeography in the Late Ordovician (Cincinnatian) of Laurentia 97

Chapter 10 POPOV, L. E., HOLMER, L. E., BASSETT, M. G., GHOBADI POUR,M.&PERCIVAL, I. G. Biogeography of Ordovician linguliform and 117 craniiform brachiopods

Chapter 11 HARPER, D. A. T., RASMUSSEN, C. M. Ø., LILJEROTH, M., BLODGETT, R. B., CANDELA, Y., JIN, J., PERCIVAL, I. G., RONG, J.-Y., 127 VILLAS,E.&ZHAN, R.-B. Biodiversity, biogeography and phylogeography of Ordovician rhynchonelliform brachiopods

Chapter 12 BUTTLER, C. J., JACKSON, P. N. W., ERNST,A.&MCKINNEY, F. K. A review of the Early Palaeozoic biogeography of bryozoans 145

Chapter 13 ZAMORA, S., LEFEBVRE, B., A´ LVARO, J. J., CLAUSEN, S., ELICKI, O., FATKA, O., JELL, P., KOUCHINSKY, A., LIN, J.-P., NARDIN, E., 157 PARSLEY, R., ROZHNOV, S., SPRINKLE, J., SUMRALL, C. D., VIZCAI¨NO,D.&SMITH, A. B. Cambrian echinoderm diversity and palaeobiogeography

Chapter 14 LEFEBVRE, B., SUMRALL, C. D., SHROAT-LEWIS, R. A., REICH, M., WEBSTER, G. D., HUNTER, A. W., NARDIN, E., ROZHNOV, S. V., 173 GUENSBURG, T. E., TOUZEAU, A., NOAILLES,F.&SPRINKLE, J. Palaeobiogeography of Ordovician echinoderms

Chapter 15 EBBESTAD, J. O. R., FRY´ DA, J., WAGNER, P. J., HORNY´ , R. J., ISAKAR, M., STEWART, S., PERCIVAL, I. G., BERTERO, V., ROHR, D. M., 199 PEEL, J. S., BLODGETT,R.B.&HO¨ GSTRO¨ M, A. E. S. Biogeography of Ordovician and Silurian gastropods, monoplacophorans and mimospirids

Chapter 16 COPE,J.C.W.&KRˇ I´Zˇ , J. The Lower Palaeozoic palaeobiogeography of Bivalvia 221

Chapter 17 AMLER,M.R.W.&ROGALLA, N. S. Biogeographical distribution patterns in Early Palaeozoic Rostroconchia (Mollusca) 243

Chapter 18 ERIKSSON, M. E., HINTS, O., PAXTON,H.&TONAROVA´ , P. Ordovician and Silurian polychaete diversity and biogeography 265

Chapter 19 A´ LVARO, J. J., AHLBERG, P., BABCOCK, L. E., BORDONARO, O. L., CHOI, D. K., COOPER, R. A., ERGALIEV,G.Kh., GAPP, I. W., 273 GHOBADI POUR, M., HUGHES, N. C., JAGO, J. B., KOROVNIKOV, I., LAURIE, J. R., LIEBERMAN, B. S., PATERSON, J. R., PEGEL, T. V., POPOV, L. E., RUSHTON, A. W. A., SUKHOV, S. S., TORTELLO, M. F., ZHOU,Z.&Z˙ YLIN´ SKA, A. Global Cambrian trilobite palaeobiogeography assessed using parsimony analysis of endemicity

Chapter 20 ADRAIN, J. M. A synopsis of Ordovician trilobite distribution and diversity 297

Chapter 21 MEIDLA, T., TINN, O., SALAS, M. J., WILLIAMS, M., SIVETER, D., VANDENBROUCKE,T.R.A.&SABBE, K. Biogeographical patterns of 337 Ordovician ostracods

Chapter 22 PERRIER,V.&SIVETER, D. J. Testing Silurian palaeogeography using ‘European’ ostracod faunas 355

Chapter 23 MOLYNEUX, S. G., DELABROYE, A., WICANDER,R.&SERVAIS, T. Biogeography of early to mid Palaeozoic (Cambrian–Devonian) 365 marine phytoplankton

Chapter 24 VANDENBROUCKE, T. R. A., ARMSTRONG, H. A., WILLIAMS, M., PARIS, F., SABBE,K.&ZALASIEWICZ, J. A. Late Ordovician zooplankton 399 maps and the climate of the Early Palaeozoic Icehouse

Chapter 25 DANELIAN, T., NOBLE, P., POUILLE,L.&MALETZ, J. Palaeogeographical distribution of Ordovician Radiolarian occurrences: 407 patterns, significance and limitations

Chapter 26 GOLDMAN, D., MALETZ, J., MELCHIN,M.J.&JUNXUAN, F. Graptolite palaeobiogeography 415

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Chapter 27 KRO¨ GER, B. Cambrian–Ordovician cephalopod palaeogeography and diversity 429

Chapter 28 Zˇ IGAITE˙ ,Zˇ .&BLIECK, A. Palaeobiogeography of Early Palaeozoic vertebrates 449

Chapter 29 WELLMAN, C. H., STEEMANS,P.&VECOLI, M. Palaeophytogeography of Ordovician–Silurian land plants 461

Index 477

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