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Otto Jespersen and an International Auxiliary Language Centenary Of
324 NATURE SEPTEMBER 18, 1943, VoL. 152 which enjoys facilities for large-scale experimentation moving towards ever greater simplicity and perfec through its member firms such as can only be avail tion; and he quoted Turgot's saying: "Des hommes able to industrial bodies of this kind. The research grossiers ne font rien de simple. Il faut des hommes committee of the body organizing this work visited perfectionnes pour y arriver". This !do publication the Kingston and Fulham Laboratories of the British can be recommended to all interested in the subject, Coal Utilisation Research Association on September 9. and especially it shows no unreasonable bias in Mr. J. G. Bennett, director of B.C.U.R.A., gave a favour of its own language. short address, outlining the organization of his Association and the scope of the work it has in band. Centenary of the Economist Three main divisions can be distinguished, namely, THE centenary number of the Economist worthily the administrative, the general research division, maintains the tradition of impartial examination of and the specialized research departments, the latter public affairs which it has established from the days subdivided into four or five sections. Within several of James Wilson and Walter Bagehot. The factual of the specialized sections there are investigations in approach, acute analysis, constructive criticism and progress which will undoubtedly affect coke-oven the flair for asking the right questions which have practice and the quality of the coke that can be characterized it from the start are faithfully reflected produced from a given coal or blend. -
Edward Sapir's View About International Auxiliary Language
EMANUEL KULCZYCKI EDWARD SAPIR’S VIEW ABOUT INTERNATIONAL AUXILIARY LANGUAGE Introduction The search for common attributes of all languages is connected with the search for characteristics which differentiate languages. If some attributes cannot be found in every language, what is cause of this situation? Is it linked up with the origin of language or with users of the language? People inquire about such matters because the multiplicity of natural languages generates incomprehension and handicaps human communication. The minimum number of languages in the world has been set at 4,000 and the maximum at 8,000. In spite of this people can communicate over communication’s barriers which are generated by the multiplicity of mother-languages. But that diversity worries and disturbs. A Danish linguist Otto Jespersen wrote: „An American may travel from Boston to San Francisco without hearing more than one language. But if he were to traverse the same distance on this side of the Atlantic, he would have a totally different story to tell (…) he would then hear perhaps Norwegian, Swedish, Danish, German, Czecho-Slovakian, Hungarian, Rumanian, Bulgarian, Turkish, Greek, and then in Egypt Arabic and a little English (…) He would not have heard of the languages spoken in Europe. The curse of Babel is still with us”1. It means that we have to use more than one language to 1 O. Jespersen: An International Language, Allen & Unwin, London 1928; <http://www.geocities.com/ /Athens/Forum/5037/AILneed.html>. 66 Emanuel Kulczycki communicate with another man. So some universal language – an international auxiliary language could make whole social communication easy. -
The Esperantist Background of René De Saussure's Work
Chapter 1 The Esperantist background of René de Saussure’s work Marc van Oostendorp Radboud University and The Meertens Institute ené de Saussure was arguably more an esperantist than a linguist – R somebody who was primarily inspired by his enthusiasm for the language of L. L. Zamenhof, and the hope he thought it presented for the world. His in- terest in general linguistics seems to have stemmed from his wish to show that the structure of Esperanto was better than that of its competitors, and thatit reflected the ways languages work in general. Saussure became involved in the Esperanto movement around 1906, appar- ently because his brother Ferdinand had asked him to participate in an inter- national Esperanto conference in Geneva; Ferdinand himself did not want to go because he did not want to become “compromised” (Künzli 2001). René be- came heavily involved in the movement, as an editor of the Internacia Scienca Re- vuo (International Science Review) and the national journal Svisa Espero (Swiss Hope), as well as a member of the Akademio de Esperanto, the Academy of Es- peranto that was and is responsible for the protection of the norms of the lan- guage. Among historians of the Esperanto movement, he is also still known as the inventor of the spesmilo, which was supposed to become an international currency among Esperantists (Garvía 2015). At the time, the interest in issues of artificial language solutions to perceived problems in international communication was more widespread in scholarly cir- cles than it is today. In the western world, German was often used as a language of e.g. -
ISO 639-3 New Code Request
ISO 639-3 Registration Authority Request for New Language Code Element in ISO 639-3 This form is to be used in conjunction with a “Request for Change to ISO 639-3 Language Code” form Date: 2017-8-11 Name of Primary Requester: Michael Everson E-mail address: everson at evertype dot com Names, affiliations and email addresses of additional supporters of this request: Dimitry Ivanov, l-d-p at inbox dot ru Anastasia Lysenko, sunny dot nai at gmail dot com Associated Change request number : 2017-033 (completed by Registration Authority) Tentative assignment of new identifier : lpl (completed by Registration Authority) PLEASE NOTE: This completed form will become part of the public record of this change request and the history of the ISO 639-3 code set. Use Shift-Enter to insert a new line in a form field (where allowed). 1. NAMES and IDENTIFICATION a) Preferred name of language for code element denotation: Lingwa de Planeta b) Autonym (self-name) for this language: Lingwa de Planeta c) Common alternate names and spellings of language, and any established abbreviations: Lidepla d) Reason for preferred name: It is the name of the language e) Name and approximate population of ethnic group or community who use this language (complete individual language currently in use): Constructed language f) Preferred three letter identifier, if available: lpl Your suggestion will be taken into account, but the Registration Authority will determine the identifier to be proposed. The identifiers is not intended to be an abbreviation for a name of the language, but to serve as a device to identify a given language uniquely. -
Lingüistas Y Lenguas Artificiales Francisco Javier Grande Alija Universidad De León [email protected]
F. J. Grande Alija. Lingüistas y lenguas artificiales Estudios de Lingüística del Español 41 (2020), pp. 13-41 Lingüistas y lenguas artificiales Francisco Javier Grande Alija Universidad de León [email protected] Resumen El objetivo principal de este trabajo es considerar las relaciones que, sobre todo a partir de finales del siglo XIX, han mantenido la lingüística teórica y el empeño de crear lenguas artificiales, en especial aquellas destinadas a ser utilizadas como lenguas auxiliares en la esfera internacional. Para ello centramos nuestra atención en tres figuras destacadas de la lingüística del siglo XX: O. Jespersen, E. Sapir y A. Martinet. Su interés por las lenguas artificiales no hay que verlo como una mera curiosidad en su trayectoria intelectual, sino que es un reflejo directo de su propio pensamiento sobre el lenguaje y una forma de poner a prueba algunas de las ideas que lo sustentan. Palabras claves: lenguas artificiales auxiliares, lingüística teórica, O. Jespersen, E. Sapir, A. Martinet. Abstract The main objective of this work is to consider the relationships that, especially since the late nineteenth century, have maintained the theoretical linguistics and the commitment to create artificial languages, especially those intended to be used as auxiliary languages in the international sphere. We focus our attention on three outstanding figures of twentieth-century linguistics: O. Jespersen, E. Sapir and A. Martinet. Their interest in artificial languages should not be seen as a mere curiosity in their intellectual career, but is a direct reflection of his own thinking about language and a way to test some of the ideas that sustain it. -
Chapter Two Planned Languages And
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Institutional Research Information System University of Turin CHAPTER TWO PLANNED LANGUAGES AND LANGUAGE PLANNING: THE CONTRIBUTION OF INTERLINGUISTICS TO CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION FEDERICO GOBBO A new science is developing, Interlinguistics–that branch of the science of language which deals with the structure and basic ideas of all languages with the view to the establishing of a norm for interlanguages, i.e. auxiliary languages destined for oral and written use between people who cannot make themselves understood by means of their mother tongues. —Otto Jespersen (1931) Since the end of the 19th century up to the first half of the 20th century, the quest for “a norm for interlanguages” was a hotly debated issue among linguistic scholars and amateurs. In fact, about 1,000 language projects were proposed in that period, especially in Europe: the strongest effort for cross-cultural connection ever made (Albani-Buonarroti 1994). What can be inferred from it, in terms of language planning? Is there any relation or analogy between the issues encountered in natural language planning contexts (e.g. officialization, language revitalization, standardization) and interlanguage planning? Are there any general rules that can be deduced from the main historical developments of the above mentioned “quest”? Although Tauli (1968) considered interlinguistics as “the science of international language planning” (i.e. a branch of the science of language planning) very few linguists involved in language planning paid attention to interlinguistics until now. In this analysis of planned international language, the role of language amateurs will not be underestimated. -
Otto Jespersen and 'The Woman', Then and Now
Otto Jespersen and 'The Woman', then and now Author: Margaret Thomas Persistent link: http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107506 This work is posted on eScholarship@BC, Boston College University Libraries. Post-print version of an article published in Historiographia Linguistica 40(3): 377-408. doi:10.1075/hl.40.3.03tho. These materials are made available for use in research, teaching and private study, pursuant to U.S. Copyright Law. The user must assume full responsibility for any use of the materials, including but not limited to, infringement of copyright and publication rights of reproduced materials. Any materials used for academic research or otherwise should be fully credited with the source. The publisher or original authors may retain copyright to the materials. HL 40:3 (2013): Article Otto Jespersen and “The Woman”, then and now Margaret Thomas Boston College 1. Introduction The Danish linguist Otto Jespersen (1860–1943) published Language, its Nature, Development and Origin in 1922, more than 90 years ago. Written in English, it was apparently addressed to a readership of students of language (Jespersen 1995 [1938]: 208-210). Jespersen was by then deep into his career as a celebrated scholar of Germanic, historical, and descriptive linguistics. About midway through his book, an 18-page Chapter 13 appears, entitled “The Woman”. This article focuses on “The Woman”, a text that has served since the 1970s as a touchstone for feminist narratives of the history of the discussion of language and gender.1 Modern treatment of Jespersen’s Chapter 13 typically casts Jespersen into the role of mouthpiece for ideas about women and language that contemporary scholars have discredited. -
Lidepla - Omegawiki: Multilingual Dictionary
Lidepla - OmegaWiki: Multilingual Dictionary http://www.omegawiki.org/index.php?title=Expression:Lidepla&explan... Lidepla Other languages:English Language: Lingwa de Planeta [Edit] ▼ Lingwa de Planeta : A constructed language based on the most widely sp… ▼ Definition Language Text English A constructed language based on the Lingwa de planeta most widely spoken languages of the world, including English, German, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Chinese, Russian, Hindi, Arabic, and Persian. French Langue construite basée sur les langues les plus parlées dans le monde, incluant l'anglais, l'allemand, le français, l'espagnol, le portugais, le chinois, le russe, l'hindi, l'arabe et le persan. Lingwa de Jengun-ney helpalingwa kel es basi-ney Planeta on zuy muhim lingwas de nuy planeta. ▼ Synonyms and translations Expression Language Spelling Annotation English Lidepla show ▼ English Lingwa de Planeta show ▼ German Lingwa de Planeta show ▼ Lingwa de Planeta Lingwa de Planeta show ▼ ► Semantic annotations ► Collection membership Retrieved from "http://www.omegawiki.org/Expression:Lidepla" 1 of 1 6/26/2014 11:13 AM Lingwa de planeta 1 Lingwa de planeta Lingwa de planeta (Lidepla) Created by D.Ivanov, A.Lysenko and others Date 2010 Setting and International auxiliary language usage [1] Users more than 50 (date missing)Wikipedia:Citation needed Purpose constructed language • International auxiliary language • Lingwa de planeta (Lidepla) Writing system Latin Sources Vocabulary from ten representative languages such as English, Spanish, Portuguese, French, German, Russian, Arabic, Hindi, Chinese, Persian. Language codes ISO 639-3 None (mis) Lingwa de planeta (also Lidepla, LdP) is a constructed international auxiliary language, whose development began in 2006 in Saint-Petersburg, Russia, by a group of enthusiasts, with Dmitri Ivanov being the project leader. -
Communism in Words
Communism in words A brief history of Esperanto, the language intimately tied to the common destiny of the working class. My dad’s love of foreign languages began when he gave up bus-conducting and crossed the Channel to fight Franco and become a communist. In Catalonia, a fighter told him that if the International Brigaders had known Esperanto, they might have had more success. When someone at a party school called Esperanto petty-bourgeois — then the line — he was shocked and disappointed. He told me later, “He’s wrong; it’s a good idea. It’s communism in words. One day, everyone will speak it.” I loved this idea of a universal language. Its inventor designed it to be simple, and I learned it in just three months. In 2011, the Catalan Esperanto Association invited me to give a eulogy commemorating the International Brigadiers at their memorial in Montjuïc Cemetery. They wanted it in the form of a tribute to my father, so I gave it in Esperanto. In the early twentieth century, revolutionaries embraced this language, seeing it as a tool to build international solidarity. Esperanto faded along with many of those hopes as it faced decades of attacks from fascist and Communist states alike, but its legacy is worth preserving. Leizer Ludwik Zamenhof (1859–1917) created Esperanto to be a global second language. A Lithuanian Jew, Zamenhof grew up under Russian occupation and amid the tensions between Jews, Catholic Poles, Orthodox Russians, and Protestant Germans. He identified miscommunication as the main cause of this trouble. First, Zamenhof tried to create a standardized Yiddish to unify Jews across the Russian Empire. -
In 2018 Linguapax Review
linguapax review6 62018 Languages, Worlds and Action Llengües, mons i acció Linguapax Review 2018 Languages, Worlds and Actions Llengües, mons i acció Editat per: Amb el suport de: Generalitat de Catalunya Departament de Cultura Generalitat de Catalunya Departament d’Acció Exterior Relacions Institucionals i Transparència Secretaria d’Acció Exterior i de la Unió Europea Coordinació editorial: Alícia Fuentes Calle Disseny i maquetació: Maria Cabrera Callís Traduccions: Marc Alba / Violeta Roca Font Aquesta obra està subjecta a una llicència de Reconeixement-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional de Creative Commons CONTENTS - CONTINGUTS Introduction. Languages, Worlds and action. Alícia Fuentes-Calle 5 Introducció. Llengües, mons i acció. Alícia Fuentes-Calle Túumben Maaya K’aay: De-stigmatising Maya Language in the 14 Yucatan Region Genner Llanes-Ortiz Túumben Maaya K’aay: desestigmatitzant la llengua maia a la regió del Yucatán. Genner Llanes-Ortiz Into the Heimat. Transcultural theatre. Sonia Antinori 37 En el Heimat. Teatre transcultural. Sonia Antinori Sustaining multimodal diversity: Narrative practices from the 64 Central Australian deserts. Jennifer Green La preservació de la diversitat multimodal: els costums narratius dels deserts d’Austràlia central. Jennifer Green A new era in the history of language invention. Jan van Steenbergen 101 Una nova era en la història de la invenció de llengües. Jan van Steenbergen Tribalingual, a startup for endangered languages. Inky Gibbens 183 Tribalingual, una start-up per a llengües amenaçades. Inky Gibbens The Web Alternative, Dimensions of Literacy, and Newer Prospects 200 for African Languages in Today’s World. Kọ́lá Túbọ̀sún L’alternativa web, els aspectes de l’alfabetització i les perspectives més recents de les llengües africanes en el món actual. -
A Notion of Joyce's Time
GENETIC JOYCE STUDIES - Issue 14 (Spring 2014) A Notion of Joyce’s Time: Interpreting the Diacritics of Finnegans Wake 124.8–12 Tekla Mecsnóber Károli University, Budapest & University of Groningen Introduction: the crux1 There is a passage in the description of the mysterious letter of book I chapter 5 of Finnegans Wake that seems to have been as much of a challenge for scholars as it was for printers: The unmistaken identity of the persons in the Tiberiast duplex came to light in the most devious of ways. The original document was in what is known as Hanno O’Nonhanno’s unbrookable script, that is to say, it showed no signs of punctuation of any sort. Yet on holding the verso against a lit rush this new book of Morses responded most remarkably to the silent query of our world’s oldest light and its recto let out the piquant fact that it was but pierced butnot punctured (in the university sense of the term) by numerous stabs and foliated gashes made by a pronged instrument. These paper wounds, four in type, were gradually and correctly understood to mean stop, please stop, do please stop, and O do please stop respectively, and following up their one true clue, the circumflexuous wall of a singleminded men’s asylum, accentuated by bi tso fb rok engl a ssan dspl itch ina, — Yard inquiries pointed out → that they ad bîn “provoked” ay ∧ fork, of à grave Brofèsor; àth é’s Brèak — fast — table; ; acùtely profèššionally piquéd, to=introdùce a notion of time [ùpon à plane (?) sù ’ ’ fàc’e’] by pùnct ! ingh oles (sic) in iSpace?! (FW 123.30–124.12)2 1 I am profoundly grateful to Fritz Senn of the Zurich James Joyce Foundation for giving me not only the opportunity to do research at the Foundation, but also full access to all materials held by it. -
Table of Contents
Volume One: Essays Editorial note 13 Foreword · David Crystal 15 Introduction · Jon A. Lindseth 21 Preliminary Essays Warren Weaver’s Alice in Many Tongues: A Critical Appraisal · Emer O’Sullivan 29 Alice and Global Bibliography: Reading the Whole Book · Michael F. Suarez, SJ 42 The Universal Child · Warren Weaver 47 Lewis Carroll as He Was · Morton N. Cohen 51 Alice Liddell as She Was · Morton N. Cohen 65 The Alice Books: English Classics · Morton N. Cohen 71 Translations of Alice during the Lifetime of Lewis Carroll · Edward Wakeling 80 The Real Flood of Translations · Selwyn Goodacre 99 A Selection of Covers in Color Languages Afrikaans · Lelanie de Roubaix and Ilse Feinauer 127 Albanian (Gheg and Tosk) · Merita Bajraktari McCormack 130 Arabic · Nadia El Kholy 134 Aragonese · Antonio Chusé Gil Ereza 137 Armenian (Eastern) · Zoya Pirzad 139 Aromanian · Mariana Bara 141 Assamese · Pradipta Borgohain 144 Asturian · Xilberto Llano 147 Azerbaijani · Sheyda Souleymanova 150 Basque · Manu López Gaseni 152 Belarusian · Max Ščur 155 Bengali · Nivedita Sen 159 Bosnian · Sandra Novkinić 164 Brazilian Portuguese · Lauro Maia Amorim 166 Brazilian Sign Language · Clélia Regina Ramos 168 Breton · Hervé Le Bihan 171 Bulgarian · Ivan Derzhanski 174 Catalan · Francesc Parcerisas 178 Cebuano · Marina P. Hamoy 181 Chinese · Zongxin Feng 187 Cornish · Nicholas J. A. Williams 199 Croatian · Smiljana Narančić Kovač 201 Volume One · The Essays contents 7 Alice_Vol.1_Essays_FINAL_GD_w_pix17_4prs.indd 7 4/10/15 11:06 AM Czech · Jiří Rambousek 207 Danish · Viggo Hjørnager Pedersen 211 Dari and Pashto · Rahman A. Arman 214 Dutch · Lenny de Rooy 218 Estonian · Risto Järv 223 Ewondo · Stéphanie Engola 227 Faroese · Bergljót av Skarði and Kristinbjørg Høgnesen 230 Fijian · Apolonia Tamata 232 Filipino · Marina P.