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Lyubka Nikolaeva Naydenova AUTO ESSAY the Liberal

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Lyubka Nikolaeva Naydenova AUTO ESSAY the Liberal KONSTANTIN KONSTANTIN PRESLAVSKY PRESLAVSKY UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY SHUMEN 50 years writing history together Faculty of Humanities Department of „History and Archaeology” Lyubka Nikolaeva Naydenova AUTO ESSAY on a dissertation work to acquire the educational and scientific degree of „Doctor” The Liberal (“Radoslavist”) Party (1908-1912) Doctoral Program: History of Bulgaria (New Bulgarian History) Professional field: 2.2. History and Archaeology Field of higher education: 2. Humanitarian Sciences Scientific director of studies: Prof. Habil. - Biser Georgiev Shumen 2021 This dissertation work was discussed and directed for defense at a meeting of the Department of “History and Archaeology” as a part of the Humanitarian Sciences Faculty of the University in Shumen “Bishop Konstantin Preslavsky”, which was held on May 12th, 2021. The dissertation work consists of an introduction, three chapters with a total of eight paragraphs, a conclusion and a bibliographic reference, concerning the used sources and researches as well as ten appendices. It consists of 444 pages in А4 format. The public defence of the dissertation work is scheduled to take place on July 15th, 2021, at 2 PM in hall 309,Building 1 ("The Rector's Office”) of the University in Shumen “Bishop Konstantin Preslavsky”, 115 “Universitetska” street. The materials for the procedure of defence are available every working day from 9 AM to 4 PM in Shumen University “Bishop Konstantin Preslavsky”, in the city of Shumen, 115 “Universitetska” street (“The Rector's Office”), office number 107. The liberal party of Dr. Vasil Radoslavov has a long history, right from its appearance on the political scene in the year 1886 up to the unification of the three liberal parties into the National-liberal party in 1920. There have been amassed numerous materials about its activities; nevertheless, it was not at the focus of the research interest until the 80ies of the past century. One of the reasons for this was that it had the infamous reputation of being one of the culprits of the second national catastrophe. The other reason was that at the end of the 40ies of the 20th century the researchers imposed an evaluation of it as consisting of hoodlums and career-seekers “Radoslavists”, being ready to do anything for the sake of assuming power at all costs. This attitude was formed under the influence of the publications of the Bulgarian socialists headed by D. Blagoev. The negative evaluation of its activities in some memoirs of Russophiles contributed to that, since they were political opponents of the Liberals. The “Radoslavists” were presented in tremendously negative concept until the middle of the 80ies of the past century and the peak of that attitude was the definition of their party by St. Grancharov as “the embodiment of the most negative aspects of the political processes in Bulgaria”. This tendency however, changed during the following years. There began an active research of some problems in the history of the Liberal (“Radoslavist”) party at the beginning of the 90ies of the 20th century. Until now, its organisational state and political activities have been researched profoundly during the period between the years 1886 till 1908 and only partially during the years 1913-1918. There has been analysed the work of the Third National Court against the ministers of the cabinet of Dr. V. Radoslavov, as well as some aspects of the program documents of the party. Many of the old evaluations were changed. The basic scientific results were published in the works of B. Georgiev, M. Palangursky, T. Galunov, D. Sazdov and P. Kishkilova. There have been considerable achievements in the scientific work; nevertheless, a part of the history of the Liberal party has remained not so well researched until the present moment. The period between the years 1908-1912 has remained almost as a blind spot. This provoked my own interest towards this period, since it was short but full of important events. Two changes of the government happened on the eve of a period in which the “Radoslavists” cherished the idea to be invited to assume the power during January 1908 and March 1911. The Independence of the state of Bulgaria was proclaimed and a diplomatic fight began for its acceptance. There was formed the Fifth Great National Assembly and the Turnovo Constitution was changed during the summer of the year 1911. The next two ordinary National Assemblies – the 14th and the 15th, accomplished numerous legislative activities. The problems with Macedonia sharpened, the army was reorganised and there was formed a Balkan Union for a war against the Ottoman Empire. The economy of the state of Bulgaria marked a considerable improvement during that period. The Liberal party was one of the major political forces in the country, despite being a part of the opposition during the entire period. It remained outside of the power in the state during the year 1908 and its leaders focused their efforts on the building of a powerful and unified structure, capable of proving its strength at any possible moment. The party increased considerably its electoral potential and modernised its organisation. The priority purpose of this dissertation is to research the development of the organisation of the Liberal party during the period of the years 1908-1912 and to find the new elements in its organisational structure, the ways and the mechanisms for the unification of its members, as well as to point out the place of this political power among the opposition at that time. I have also analysed, in a parallel with this, the basic concepts of the Liberals (supporting Dr. Vasil Radoslavov), concerning the home policy, particularly with an accent upon the debates for the change of the Constitution and the legislative projects in the 14th and the 15th ordinary National Assemblies. The attitude of the “Radoslavists” towards the institution of the monarchy, the power and the democratic base of the state and its judicial system has also been researched. Their evaluation of the most important political events abroad has also been presented. The basic of them were the proclamation of the Independence of Bulgaria, the situation of the Bulgarians in the still remaining zones of the Ottoman Empire in Europe after the assuming of power of the “Young Turks”. I have used detailed data for my dissertations work from the sources of the central archives of Bulgaria – The Central State Archive, The Scientific Archive of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, The Bulgarian Historical Archive of the National Library “Saint, Saint Cyril and Methodius”, as well as some of the regional archives of the Central Home of the Army. I have researched thoroughly the daily stenographic official reports of the activities of the Fifth Great National Assembly and the 14th and the 15th ordinary National Assemblies. I have studied the political papers, the memoir literature, the publicity and some other sources. Some of the data, preserved in the Central Home of the Army, proved to be a valuable source to research the state of the organisation of the Liberal party and I have pointed them out concretely below. I have also found and analysed a tremendous amount of information in the official printed newspaper of the Liberal party - “The Rights of the People”. I have found as well important data in the collection of materials, connected with the Fifth and mostly with the Sixth Congress of the party. I have researched all this mass of data with the help of different scientific methods. I have also utilised several statistical methods, some methods of the historical reconstruction, some comparative historical methods, historical descriptions and analysis and some others. My expose is based on the thematic-chronological principle. I have taken into consideration the achievements of the contemporary historical science in the work over my dissertation. I have also made several additions corresponding to the newly analysed historical materials and their new treatment. I have made some corrections to some obsolete conceptions, as well to several concrete mistakes and omissions. I have made a scientific announcement, including some unknown until now, or barely analysed historical sources. I have already mentioned that I have done my best to apply contemporary methods and to follow modern theses. Having all this in mind, this dissertation work continues the research of the leading Bulgarian specialists on the subject. This dissertation work, from the point of view of its structure, consists of an introduction, three chapters, including eight sections, a conclusion and a bibliographic reference for the used sources and researches, as well as ten applications, altogether on 444 pages. I have made a thorough presentation of the written history of the Liberal party until now in the Introduction of my dissertation work. I have also pointed out the reasons of the rather meager historical interest towards it until the 80ies of the past century and I have emphasized on the achievements of the contemporary historical science. I have substantiated the purposes, the tasks and the chronological limits of my research. I have numbered the methods of my work that I have applied. I have also pointed out and described the more important sources of data that I have used to accomplish my work. The structure of the dissertation has been presented. Chapter One „The Organisational Development of the Liberal Party (1908-1912 )“ comprises of three sections. It is the largest, since it is connected with the main purpose of this research. In it I have followed thoroughly and as a priority, for this first time, the organisational development of the Liberal party, during the period of the years 1908-1912. For this purpose, I have studied the preserved documents of the archive of the party (fund 401k) in the Central State Archives), the personal notes of its leader Dr.
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