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PGT Beauregard pedestal in the heart of New worked in the dark of night to remove Orleans." that monument. Confederate statue Three down, one Confederate statue Landrieu said the statues will be put comes down in New left in storage while the city looks for a Three monuments have been suitable place to display them, such Orleans dismantled since the New Orleans as a museum. The city secured By Jamiel Lynch and Darran Simon, City Council in 2015 voted to remove private funding to remove the CNN, May 17, 2017 four Confederate landmarks. Recent monuments, the mayor's office has The City of New Orleans early court decisions paved the way for the said. Wednesday removed one of the two city to relocate the monuments after But backlash has been building remaining Confederate monuments years of heated public debate and against removing Confederate that had been scheduled to come legal fights. monuments. down. A statue of Confederate Gen. Robert The Louisiana House passed a bill The equestrian statue of Confederate E. Lee is the last monument Monday that would prohibit local Gen. Pierre Gustave Toutant scheduled to be removed and governments from removing war Beauregard honors the military leader relocated. memorials, including those from the who died in New Orleans in 1893. It is Beauregard's statue, near City Park, Civil War. the third monument to come down in was erected in 1915 in honor of the House Bill 71 allows local the city. prominent general who led the attack governments to take down a Earlier Tuesday, police put up on in , a memorial only if voters approve the barricades near the monument, CNN siege that marked the beginning of action at "an election held for that affiliate WGNO reported. Protesters the Civil War. purpose." The proposal passed in a both for and against the statue In 2015, the words "Black Lives 65-31 vote and heads to the state's gathered at the site as the work Matter" were spray-painted on both Senate. started that evening. Shortly after 3 sides of the monument's column, Beyond New Orleans a.m. Wednesday, crew workers CNN affiliate WDAM-TV reported. The effort to remove the New Orleans yanked the Beauregard statue from Last week, the city removed a 6-foot monuments is part of larger its perch and lowered it to a truck as statue of Confederate President controversy surrounding Confederate scattered cheers broke out. Jefferson Davis from its pedestal. The symbols in cities nationwide. Some Davis statue stood atop a roughly 12- argue the monuments symbolize foot column and depicted him with his racial injustice and slavery. right arm outstretched, towering over Supporters say the monuments are the street also named after him. part of history and heritage. The issue Davis lived in New Orleans after the rose to prominence after the 2015 Civil War and died there in 1889. The massacre of nine black statue was dedicated in 1911. In parishioners at the historically black 2004, the words "slave owner" were Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal painted on the monument's base. church in Charleston, South Carolina, Last month, the city dismantled the by a self-described white supremacist. Crews begin removing the Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard monument in City Park in New Orleans late first of the four monuments: an Efforts to remove Confederate Tuesday under cover of darkness. (Matthew obelisk commemorating the Battle of statues are underway in other parts of Hinton/The Advocate via AP) Liberty Place. The monument marked the South. a deadly fight between members of In Charlottesville, Virginia, the city "Today we take another step in the Crescent City White League, a council voted narrowly in February to defining our city not by our past but group opposed to the city's biracial remove a bronze statue of by our bright future," Mayor Mitch police force, and state militia after the Confederate General Robert E. Lee, Landrieu said in a statement. "While Civil War. and to rename Lee Park, where the we must honor our history, we will not Amid security threats, contractors statue stands. allow the Confederacy to be put on a wearing masks and tactical vests

BALTIMORE CIVIL WAR ROUNDTABLE THE “OLD LINER” NEWSLETTER

That move triggered protests over the Terence Blanchard was on the scene bridge, building, park, or area, that weekend, starting with one on at 3 a.m., using his phone to record has been dedicated in memory of Saturday in which torch-carrying the moment. Blanchard, an African- 19 or named for any historical demonstrators were led by white American born in New Orleans who military figure, historical military nationalist Richard Spencer -- has won multiple Grammys and also event, military organization, or evoking swift criticisms that the scored Spike Lee’s movies, said he military unit shall be altered, gathering evoked images of the Ku had just come into town when he removed, relocated, destroyed, Klux Klan. A counter-protest was held read that the monument was coming rededicated, or renamed. on Sunday night. down. Although the measure lists every war In St. Louis, Missouri, Mayor Lyda “It’s a historic moment,” Blanchard its authors could think of, observers Krewson has committed to removing said, according to the Times- agreed that it was aimed at the Civil a 32-foot tall Confederate monument Picayune. “This is something I never War. The bill, which now goes to the from a park. Her spokesman Koran thought I’d see in my lifetime. It’s a state Senate, does provide for Addo said they're looking for the right sign that the world is changing.” changing or removing such place to house the 40-ton statue But Louisiana lawmakers don’t see it monuments “if a proposition before they remove it. The cost could that way. authorizing the action has been extend over $100,000. The House voted 65-31 on Monday to approved by a majority of the voters In Orlando, Florida, Mayor Buddy prohibit the removal of Civil War who vote on the proposition at an Dyer said he plans to move the monuments – a move that so election held for that purpose.” marble statue known as "Johnny angered the House Black Caucus The removal of the Beauregard Reb" from a park to a cemetery. The that all 24 members walked out in statue in New Orleans, which stood at issue remained contentious during a protest. the Esplanade near the entrance to City Council meeting this week, Rep. Terry Landry, a Democrat and City Park, was the third such according to the Orlando Sentinel. member of the black caucus, said the overnight action by the city since Louisiana House votes members had no choice but to Mayor Mitch Landrieu ordered the walk, according to the Advocate of removal of four monuments glorifying to stop removal of Baton Rouge. the Confederacy. Confederate statues day “It was disgusting,” Landry told the As in the first two operations, workers Advocate. “We just couldn’t stay. You were wearing bulletproof vests and before Beauregard have to stand for something.” other protective gear and were statue removed HB71 says, in part: covered by police. Supporters and AJC staff, The Atlanta Journal- 915. Military memorial opponents of the removal Constitution, May 17, 2017 conservation demonstrated as the statue was lifted The day after the Louisiana House 11 A. (1) No memorial, including off. voted to stop the removal of war any structure, plaque, statue, or The city first removed an obelisk memorials and monuments in the monument, that is located on dedicated to the Crescent City White state, the city of New Orleans on public property and that League, which engaged in a deadly Wednesday dismantled the commemorates the Revolutionary battle with the city’s biracial police equestrian statue of Confederate Gen. War, War of 1812, Mexican- force in 1891. Last week the city took P.G.T. Beauregard. American War, War Between the down a statue of Jefferson Davis, Starting late Tuesday evening and States, Spanish-American War, which stood at the intersection of working well into Wednesday morning, World War I, World War II, Korean Canal Street and Jefferson Davis crews used a crane to pull the six- to War, Vietnam War, Persian Gulf Boulevard. seven-ton statue of Beauregard War, War in Iraq, or any Native RELATED astride his horse from its pedestal, American War shall be altered, Still to come is the removal of the the Times-Picayne reported, and also removed, relocated, or destroyed. soaring statue of Robert E. Lee, removed the nameplate. (2) No public memorial, including which represents the greatest The New Orleans newspaper said the any structure, plaque, statue, challenge by far to the removal noted jazz trumpeter and composer monument, 18 school, street, crew. Emporis, the website that

BALTIMORE CIVIL WAR ROUNDTABLE THE “OLD LINER” NEWSLETTER catalogs the height of structures, says In Orlando, Florida, commissioners In June 2015, vandals painted "Black the Lee statue, and the column on are discussing whether to remove a lives matter" on Confederate which it stands, is 108 feet tall. statue recognizing Confederate monuments in a half-dozen states, The Louisiana controversy continues veterans from a downtown park, including the one in St. Louis. The even as the city of Charlottesville, Va., despite the objections of Confederate incidents came a week after nine has its own debate over the proposed flag-waving protesters. black congregants at a Charleston, removal of a Robert E. Lee statue. South Carolina, church, where killed The debate devolved into a racist in a racially motivated attack. Twitter fight Tuesday as opponents of The graffiti in St. Louis may also have the removal posted anti-Semitic rants been spurred by the fatal police against Mayor Mike Signer. shooting of Michael Brown, an St. Louis mayor wants unarmed, black 18-year-old, in August 2014 in the St. Louis suburb Confederate monument of Ferguson, Missouri. The white removed officer who killed him, Darren Wilson, By JIM SALTER, Associated Press, was cleared of wrongdoing, but the May 16, 2017 shooting raised new awareness about ST. LOUIS (AP) — St. Louis may the treatment of blacks in the region. soon join the growing list of cities St. Louis officials looked into removing monuments to the removing the Confederate monument Confederacy, city officials said around the time of the vandalism but Tuesday. could not find a museum willing to Mayor Lyda Krewson wants the 32- take it. For now, Roth said, Krewson foot-tall monument in Forest Park simply wants it taken down and removed as soon as possible, and is placed in storage until "someone is looking into engineering options to This Oct. 12, 2013 file photo shows a 32-foot interested in displaying it and take it down, said Eddie Roth, the granite monument honoring Confederate soldiers surrounding it with historically city's director of human services. and sailors that has stood in St. Louis' Forest Park complete context and interpretive since 1914. St. Louis may soon join the growing list materials." The mayor's spokesman, Koran Addo, of cities removing monuments to the Confederacy. said there is no timetable for removal Mayor Lyda Krewson wants the monument The Union's Last of the statue, but the mayor wants it removed as soon as possible, and is looking into done soon. He said the mayor's office engineering options to take it down, Eddie Roth, the Ironclad Sailor city's director of human services, said Tuesday, From BCWRT Member Steve Glazer, doesn't believe the removal needs May 16, 2017. (AP Photo/Jim Salter, File) the board of aldermen's approval. Lieutenant Colonel, USA (Ret.) Krewson, a Democrat, was elected On April 19, 1945 -- less than three Compared to some monuments in the weeks before the end of World War II and took office in April. South that depict Lee or the president Other cities also are grappling with in Europe -- The New York of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis, Times carried an article headlined, what to do about monuments and the St. Louis monument is a rather statues honoring the Confederacy "Veteran of , 101, Dies." The generic granite slab. Dedicated in U.P. news report, datelined the and its soldiers and leaders. 1914, it features a bronze tablet New Orleans recently removed two of previous day from Vineland, New depicting a Confederate soldier Jersey, began, "Andrew Fenton, who four statues honoring Confederate- leaving his family for the Civil War. An era figures. And plans to take away a served on the iron-clad Monitor angel hovers above them. An during the Civil War, died today in the statue of Confederate Gen. Robert E. inscription reads that the monument Lee in Charlottesville, Virginia, led to Soldiers Home here." Thus was born was erected "in memory of the a tortuous tale that continues to this a torch-carrying protest by white soldiers and sailors of the nationalists over the weekend and day. Confederate States By the United The Times' report drew the attention scuffles at a follow-up gathering Daughters of the Confederacy of denouncing that demonstration. of numerous historians over the years. Saint Louis." Professor Jay Hoar of the University

BALTIMORE CIVIL WAR ROUNDTABLE THE “OLD LINER” NEWSLETTER of Maine wove an elaborate tale launched later that month from that term expired, he enlisted yet describing how Fenton suffered the Wilmington, Delaware, by shipbuilder again. partial loss of sight and hearing in Harlan & Hollingsworth. action against Fort Sumter when one of the Monitor's guns unexpectedly discharged, and how he later dramatically survived the iconic ironclad's sinking. (The North's Last Boys in Blue, Higginson Book Co., 2006, pp. 352-57.) Hoar largely relied on an interview of the old sailor Patapsco was commissioned on published in 1938. January 2, 1863, when Fenton was On the other hand, John Quarstein, formally assigned to her according to Director of the USS Monitor Center in his service records. Fenton and his Newport News, Virginia, concluded ship would be engaged in combat that there is no proof for Fenton's operations for the next two years, purported service on the Monitor. According to naval records, on the Indeed, Quarstein goes much further. afternoon of November 2, 1863, while He categorically and repeatedly firing at Fort Sumter in Charleston asserted in his book on the ship's Harbor, a premature explosion of one crew that "there is no indication of Patapsco's guns instantly killed a of any naval service" by Fenton. (The crew member and injured several Monitor Boys, The History Press, others, including then-landsman 2011,pp.299-301.) Andrew Fenton. (Official Records, The Monitor Center's Ser. I, Vol. XV, p. 88.) And on the website similarly now asserts that "no night of January 15, 1865, records of naval service have been the Patapsco, on station for picket found" for Fenton. duty some 700 yards from Fort Both Hoar and Quarstein, as well Sumter, struck a large torpedo and After his years at sea, Fenton made his as The Times, were mistaken. sank in the harbor's channel within 15 home in Fairfield and Mount Holly, New Moreover, there are abundant official seconds, taking the ship's Jersey, as well as in Philadelphia, where records documenting Andrew complement with her. Most perished, he was a member of Anna M. Ross Fenton's distinguished military but Ordinary Seaman Andrew Fenton G.A.R. Post No. 94. In 1881, he married service, making him the nation's last survived. (Official Records, Ser. I, Vol. Susan Cecelia Bamford of Bridgeton, known veteran of the Civil War's XVI, pp. 178-79.) Two weeks later, New Jersey, one year later having a son, ironclad monitors, albeit not the Fenton reported for duty on the Andrew Percy Fenton. On April 18, 1945, USS Monitor. USS Pawnee, which saw action the the ancient mariner passed away in Andrew Fenton was born in St. following month in South Carolina Vineland, being buried in Overlook Augustine, Florida, on Christmas against numerous Confederate Cemetery in Bridgeton, marking the end 1843, but his family moved to artillery batteries. of a direct link to the Civil War and its Philadelphia when he was still an On July 26, 1865, Pawnee was transformation of naval warfare. infant. According to unearthed naval decommissioned at Portsmouth, New records, Fenton enlisted for three Hampshire, where Fenton was years as a 1st Class Boy at the U.S. honorably discharged the same day, Naval Rendezvous in Philadelphia on according to the ship's final muster September 2, 1862, on the receiving roll. However, Fenton was not done ship Princeton. Soon thereafter, he serving his country. One year later he was sent to the USS Patapsco, re-enlisted in the U.S. Navy, and after a Passaic-class ironclad monitor first

BALTIMORE CIVIL WAR ROUNDTABLE THE “OLD LINER” NEWSLETTER

The Architect of brigadier general in the provisional Conditions worsened when, in Confederate army. December 1864, the North refused to Andersonville Prison: A resume the cartel (the exchange of son’s quest to clear his POWs). Prison populations continued to increase, in spite of father’s name insufficient resources to feed, clothe, By David Connon, and care for them. confederatesfromiowa.com, MAY 9, General Winder proposed that the 2017 Confederates parole POWs and send Mass imprisonment and poor them home without exchange. That supplies at Andersonville led to would have alleviated the problems at horrible cases of starvation. The War Andersonville, but his superiors Department publicized photos of rejected the idea, calling it “worse emaciated soldiers, giving than evil.” Andersonville an infamous and General Winder died a few weeks enduring reputation. later in on Feb. 6, 1865. Sidney went Historian Arch Fredric Blakey wrote a to Richmond, planning to resign, but biography of Confederate General instead he was charged with guarding John H. Winder, who was later the Confederate treasury and blamed for Andersonville. Blakey archives after the fall of Richmond. writes: Guarding Confederate gold and To rescue a villain from history – to archives overturn a historical myth – is a difficult task. William Sidney Winder (“Sidney”), Confederate General John H. Winder one of General Winder’s sons, spent years after the war ended, trying to Sidney also joined the Confederate rehabilitate his father’s name. forces. He was promoted from st Family life and the law 1 Lieutenant to Captain and Sidney grew up in a slave-holding Assistant Adjutant General, military family in various Southern eventually serving on his father’s staff. towns. After attending Columbian Prison administration College near Washington, D.C., General Winder became inspector Sidney practiced law in Keokuk, Iowa, general of prisons in the Richmond from 1857 to fall 1860, and then he area. When hungry housewives was an attorney in Baltimore. broke into shops, General Winder Sidney’s family became divided as helped President Jefferson Davis put war loomed. His father, a career down the Richmond Bread Riot. military officer, wavered between Late in 1863, the prisons in Richmond Confederate Captain Sidney Winder remaining in the U.S. Army and were seriously overcrowded. General serving the Confederacy. Sidney John H. Winder sent Sidney to Sidney and eight other officers intended to fight for Southern to locate a site for a prison eventually reached the David Levy independence, and his older half- for Union POWs. That order led to Yulee plantation in Florida on May 22, brother remained a captain in the U.S. the infamous Andersonville Prison. 1865 – twelve days after Jefferson Army. Andersonville Davis was captured. After Fort Sumter, North Carolina Sidney and his father tried to build Author Blakey writes: seceded, and Sidney’s father, John H. and operate a prison that was The group decided to bury the Winder, resigned his commission spacious and relatively healthy, unlike archives on the Yulee grounds [and “with great regret” and became a the horror that became allotted] one-fourth of the gold to Andersonville. However, they failed. support of Mrs. Davis and her

BALTIMORE CIVIL WAR ROUNDTABLE THE “OLD LINER” NEWSLETTER children; the rest they divided equally The Elmira Civil War Prison Camp arriving prisoners; the harsh winter among themselves. Each officer site will open to the public on June climate; shortages in clothing, shelter, received gold sovereigns in the 24th and 25th, 2017, with Barracks to food, and medicine; and bureaucratic amount of $1,995. Prison Pen: A Living History & foot dragging have all been put forth The nine officers surrendered and Preservation Challenge to be held on as reasons for the nearly 25% death were paroled. Sidney eventually the historic grounds of the prison rate. The dead were buried, with resumed his law practice. camp along the Chemung River in noteworthy respect, by escaped slave Focus on POW camps western New York. and local church sexton, John W. Even before Appomattox, historian Among the weekend’s activities are Jones, at nearby Woodlawn Marouf Hasian Jr. writes, “Northern the Grand Dedication of an actual Cemetery, where their graves remain presses were filled with lurid tales of reconstructed prison camp building; today. lurid tales of victims of dysentery, living history demonstrations with “Barracks To Prison Pen will explore scurvy, and gangrene” at Union, Confederate, and civilian the facts and myths surrounding the Andersonville and other prison reenactors; tours of a reproduction history of the camp and seek the camps. Writer Susan Sontag writes barrack building; guided walking tours proper way to remember the legacy that “photographs of skeletal of the camp; a speakers’ slate of Civil of both the Union soldiers who trained prisoners held at Andersonville War experts; book signings; Civil War in Elmira and the Confederate inflamed public opinion. exhibits at the Chemung County soldiers who were imprisoned there,” Since General Winder was dead, the Historical Society; and an says Martin Chalk, President of the logical person to blame for interdenominational memorial service non-profit Friends of the Elmira Civil Andersonville was commander at the military burial grounds at War Prison Camp, sponsors of the Captain Henry Wirz. Captain Wirz Woodlawn National Cemetery. In living history weekend. was given a military tribunal and addition, visitors can view the prison This commemorative event is hanged. camp from a replica wooden intended to raise awareness of An uphill battle observation tower and visit the Western New York’s unique Civil War Sidney maintained that he and his memorial garden. past and encourage support for the father had never been cruel to development of the Elmira Civil War prisoners. He and an uncle struggled Prison Camp site as a center for to clear his father’s name. education, research, and critical However, Union officials who examination of a controversial controlled the captured Confederate chapter in our nation’s history. archives did not cooperate. Without Admission to the event is free, but original documents, it was impossible donations are encouraged. All to refute Union accusations that activities will take place on Saturday, General John H. Winder was a cold- June 24th, from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and blooded mass murderer. Sunday, June 25th, from 9 a.m. to 1 Sidney spent more than 10 years in a p.m quixotic quest. His health deteriorated, and he eventually Elmira Prisoner of War camp. Note prisoners lined up for rations. Fellow CWRTs, withdrew from the world. He died on Fort Negley, just south of downtown February 25, 1925. In July of 1864, the recruiting depot Nashville, TN, on St. Cloud Hill, is the Elmira Civil War Prison for Union troops at Elmira was re- largest limestone fort built during the Camp Opens To Public designated as a prison camp for Civil War. The Union engineers that ELMIRA, NEW YORK – MAY 8, captured Confederate soldiers. designed it were heavily influenced 2017 – A long-buried part of New During its one year of operation, more by the 17th Century French military York State’s Civil War history is being than 12,000 rebel prisoners passed engineer Sebastien Vauban; the fort resurrected this summer in the City of through the camp. 2,963 of them died remains a classic example of that Elmira. in captivity. Since the war’s end, style. It was the anchor of the Union overcrowding; the poor condition of defense lines built to protect the city

BALTIMORE CIVIL WAR ROUNDTABLE THE “OLD LINER” NEWSLETTER after its capture on February 25th, already created large scale problems Stones River, and would like to see 1862 by the Army of the Ohio under like traffic and housing shortages and America's only surviving limestone Gen. Don Carlos Buell. The lines ran developers left and right have been fort left uncluttered, PLEASE, take in a curve with both flanks being drawing up plan after plan to the time to send emails to the metro anchored on the Cumberland hopefully solve that. One such government of Nashville and the River. Fort Negley was filled with developer has his sights set on Greer parks department. Parks should numerous heavy cannons, along with Stadium, the old home of the minor know better than this as it is owned other forts and redoubts built for the league baseball team the Nashville by them. We NEED your help defenses and it is the only such fort Sounds (who have a new quickly so I am asking you to put remaining from the entire double line stadium). Built just east on what is this into your newsletters, send of fortifications. technically Fort Negley property with out to your membership, and The crucial Battle of Nashville was a large parking lot, the city has been PLEASE help us stop this fought just south of the fort on trying to decide what to do with the development!!! The clock is ticking December 15th and 16th, 1864. The stadium for three years. Green space, and a lot of money is on the table with first Union shots fired in the battle mixed use developments and more this. Nashville has other blighted came from the fort, which had also have been brought forward. Naturally, places that could be redeveloped fired on the first Confederate defense the historic preservation community other than Fort Negley so help us lines prior to this while they were prefers green space which would here in Middle Tennessee stop this being built. Additionally, the labor of allow for a greater interpretation of nonsense! Please let the people hundreds of former slaves was used Fort Negley's large footprint. Some running Nashville hear loud and clear to build this fort along with the rest of Civil War trenches remain behind the from America's great Civil War the defenses of Nashville and a stadium as does a historic community! Freedman's Camp was close by. The cemetery. No archeological survey of We appreciate any and all help you fort fell into disrepair until the WPA the grounds of Fort Negley has ever can render by sending those emails era of the mid-20th Century when it been done for either the fort , the out today! Thanks for your time. was rebuilt. However, Nashville let it Freedman's Camp site nor remaining Greg Biggs get grown over with trees and brush earthworks. President, Clarksville, TN CWRT again until the 2000s when it was In a recently revealed plan, one Program Chair, Nashville CWRT and cleaned up and became a unit of the developer seeks to use part of Greer Bowling Green, KY CWRT Nashville Metro parks Stadium and turn it into an open air Department. An interpretive center market as the centerpiece of a new If you want to help stop this was also built onsite and today Civil mixed-use development with condos, development, please contact the War tourists from all over come and allegedly low cost housing, stores Mayor of Nashville, Megan Barry enjoy walking through the fort and and more. This planned monstrosity ([email protected]), and seeing the amazing views of will basically dwarf Fort Negley on the Nashville Metro City Council. You downtown Nashville and the three sides and with the high rise should also contact the City of Brentwood Hills to the south, where buildings as part of the plan, Nashville Metro Parks department the first day of the Battle of Nashville obfuscate the views looking and let them know how you feel about was fought. south. There is to be no, much this. Their email is - Like many Southern cities, Nashville needed, expansion of the Fort Negley [email protected]. The is booming thanks to a great parking lot. city’s web site Tennessee economy. Construction is www.nashville.gov. Let them cranes dot the skyline as one high Ladies and gentlemen of the Civil hear the voices of the Civil War rise after another goes up in War Roundtables of America - if you community of America and stop this downtown. The projections for would like to come to Nashville and development. growth for the next 20-25 years calls do something historical besides the for 1 million new residents in Middle antebellum homes, President Andrew Tennessee, centered around Jackson's Hermitage or the nearby Nashville. This massive growth has battlefields of Nashville, Franklin and

BALTIMORE CIVIL WAR ROUNDTABLE