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The Silk Road Volume 13 2015 ISSN 2152-7237 (print) ISSN 2153-2060 (online) The Silk Road Volume 13 2015 Contents In Memoriam: Khaled al-Asaad, 1932-2015 ............................................................................................ [v] Safe Journey! A Very Short History of Shoes from Korean Tombs by Youngsook Pak ............................................................................................................... 1 The Emergence of Light: A Re-interpretation of the Painting of Mani’s Birth in a Japanese Collection by Wang Yuanyuan 王媛媛 ............................................................................................... 17 When Herakles Followed the Buddha: Power, Protection and Patronage in Gandharan Art by Jonathan Homrighausen .............................................................................................. 26 Ancient Iranian Decorative Textiles: New Evidence from Archaeological Investigations and Private Collections by Matteo Compareti ......................................................................................................... 36 Nomads and Oasis Cities: Central Asia from the 9th to the 13th Century by Xinru Liu ........................................................................................................................ 45 Maes Titianus, Ptolemy, and the “Stone Tower” on the Great Silk Road by Igor’ Vasil’evich P’iankov ............................................................................................ 60 The Location of Ptolemy’s Stone Tower: the Case for Sulaiman-Too in Osh by Riaz Dean ....................................................................................................................... 75 The Test Excavation of the Nanhai No. 1 Shipwreck in 2011: a Detail Leading to the Whole by Xu Yongjie 许永杰 .......................................................................................................... 84 The Archaeological Assessment of Pajadagh Fortress (Qal’a-e Tashvir), Tashvir Village, Tarom County, Zanjan Province by Ali Nourallahi ............................................................................................................... 88 Khermen Denzh Town in Mongolia by Nikolai N. Kradin, Aleksandr L. Ivliev, Ayudai Ochir, Lkhagvasuren Erdenebold, Sergei Vasiutin, Svetlana Satantseva, and Evgenii V. Kovychev ........................... 95 The Chinese Inscription on the Lacquerware Unearthed from Tomb 20, Gol Mod I Site, Mongolia by Chimiddorj Yeruul-Erdene and Ikue Otani ............................................................. 104 The Ancient Tamga-Signs of Southeast Kazakhstan and Their Owners: The Route from East to West in the 2nd Century BCE – 2nd Century CE by Alexei E. Rogozhinskii and Sergey A. Yatsenko ................................................................ 109 (continued) “The Bridge between Eastern and Western Cultures” Museum Collections: Assyrian-style Seals of the Silk Road and Their Relationship to Ties between Iran and Mesopotamia by Amir Saed Mucheshi .................................................................................... 126 “I was born a dervish and a Flying Dutchman.” Sven Hedin and Ferdinand von Richthofen: Introduction and Presentation of Unpublished Letters by Felix de Montety ............................................................................................ 135 Museum Collections II: Berlin’s “Turfan Collection” Moves to the Center by Lilla Russell-Smith ......................................................................................... 153 The Mezquita: A Photo Essay by Daniel C. Waugh ............................................................................................ 158 Reviews The Dawn of Tibet [Bellezza], by Sam van Schaik ...................................................................................................... 169 [The following all by Daniel C. Waugh:] From Yuan to Modern China and Mongolia [Rossabi] ................................................................................................. 171 Pamirian Crossroads: Kirghiz and Wakhi of High Asia [Kreutzmann] , with a photo supplement “Glimpses of the Pamirian Crossroads” ....................................................................................... 173 Akademicheskaia arkheologiia na beregakh Nevy ............................................................................................................ 178 The Silk Road: Interwoven History. Vol. I. Long-distance Trade, Culture, and Society [ed. Walter and Adler] ....... 179 Life along the Silk Road, 2nd ed. [Whitfield] ................................................................................................................. 180 Book notices (written/compiled by Daniel C.Waugh) .......................................................................................... 182 Shelach-Lavi. The Archaeology of Early China. Lin. Building a Sacred Mountain: The Buddhist Architecture of China’s Mount Wutai. Vadetskaia et al. Svod pamiatnikov Afanas’evskoi kul’tury. Elikhina. “Obitel’ miloserdiia”. Iskusstvo tibetskogo buddizma: Selegin and Shelepova. Tiurkskie ritual’nye kompleksy Altaia. katalog vystavki. Zhuravlev et al. Iuvelirnye izdeliia iz kurgana Kul’-Oba v so- Complexity of Interaction along the Eurasian Steppe Zone in the branii Istoricheskogo Muzeia. First Millennium CE. Ed. Bemmann; Schmauder. Minasian. Metalloobrabotka v drevnosti i srednevekov’e. Nomads as Agents of Cultural Change. The Mongols and Their Jacobs. Reorienting the East. Jewish Travelers to the Medieval Eurasian Predecessors. Ed. Amitai; Biran. Muslim World. Journal of Asian History. 49 (2015), 1/2. Special Edition Ed. Kradin. Nomads of Inner Asia in Transition. Kauz: Chinese and Asian Geographical and Cartographical Views on Central Asia and Its Adjacent Regions. Kradin and Ivliev. Istoriia Kidan’skoi imperii Liao (907-1125). Bulletin of the Asia Institute. N.S./Vol. 24 (2010) [2014]. Antonov. Srednevekovye bashkiry. Bulletin of the Asia Institute. N.S./Vol. 25 (2011) [2015]. Rossiiskie ekspeditsii v Tsentral’nuiu Aziiu. Organizatsiia, polevye issleovaniia, kollektsii 1870–1920-e gg. Journal of Inner Asian Art and Archaeology 6/2011 [2015]. Color Plates I – VIII ....................................................................................................................................... after p. 192 Cover: The people of ancient Palmyra: funerary sculptures from the Palmyra tombs, as displayed in the following museums: the Palmyra Museum, the National Museum (Damascus), the Louvre (Paris), the British Museum (London), the Ashmolean Museum (Oxford), the Altes Museum (Berlin), the Glyptote- ket (Copenhagen), the Archaeological Museum (Istanbul), and the Archaeological Museum (Gaziantep). Photographs all by Daniel C. Waugh. ii READERS ARE STRONGLY ENCOURAGED TO VIEW THE ONLINE VERSION OF THE JOURNAL, SINCE SO MANY OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS ARE IN COLOR AND CAN BE BEST APPRECIATED THAT WAY. The Silk Road is an annual publication of the Silkroad Foundation supplied free of charge in a limited print run to academic libraries. We cannot accept individual subscriptions. Each issue can be viewed and downloaded free of charge at: <http://www. silkroadfoundation.org/toc/newsletter.html>. The print version contains black and white illustrations, the few color plates a new feature beginning with Volume 11 (2013); the online version uses color throughout. Otherwise the content is identical. The complete online version of The Silk Road, Vol. 13 is at: <http://www.silkroadfoundation.org/newsletter/vol13/srjournal_v13.pdf>. Starting with Vol. 10, individual articles may also be downloaded as pdf files. The journal actively invites submissions of articles. Please feel free to contact the editor with any questions or contributions. Information regarding contributions and how to format them may be found on the website at <http://www.silkroadfoun- dation.org/newsletter/vol8/SilkRoadinstructionsforauthors.pdf>. It is very important to follow these guidelines, especially in the matter of citations, when submitting articles for consideration. Editor: Daniel C. Waugh [email protected] All physical mailings concerning the journal (this includes books for review) should be sent to the editor at his postal address: Daniel Waugh, Department of History, Box 353560, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. It is advisable to send him an e-mail as well, informing him of any postings to that address. Copyright © 2015 The Silkroad Foundation Copyright © 2015 by authors of individual articles and holders of copyright, as specified, to individual images. The Silkroad Foundation (14510 Big Basin Way # 269, Saratoga, CA 95070) is a registered non-profit educational organization. The Silk Road is printed by E & T Printing, Inc. <www.etcolorprint.com>, 1941 Concourse Drive, San Jose, CA 95131. iii Khaled Mohamad al-Asaad devoted much of his life to studying and pro- tecting the antiquties of Palmyra, the World Heritage site in Syria which UNESCO cited as “a great city that was one of the most important cultural centres of the ancient world.” Al-Asaad’s dedication and what it symbol- ized cost him his life, when Daesh beheaded him on 18 August of this year and hung his remains on public display. Those same merchants of death “make their faith a pretext so that they may turn men from the way of Al- lah. Verily evil is that which they are wont to do” (Qur’an 63:2). We mourn their victims, condemn their crimes against humanity, and lament the wanton destruction they have visited
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