DOCSLIB.ORG

Holocene Environmental Change in the Frobisher Bay Area

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Holocene Environmental Change in the Frobisher Bay Area Document generated on 09/30/2021 9:29 p.m. Géographie physique et Quaternaire Holocene Environmental Change in the Frobisher Bay Area, Baffin Island, N.W.T.: Deglaciation, Emergence, and the Sequence of Vegetation and Climate Évolution environnementale à l’Holocène dans la région de la baie de Frobisher, île de Baffin, T.N.-O.: déglaciation, emersion et successions végétale et climatique Holozäne Umweltveränderung im Frobisher-Bucht Gebiet, Baffin lnsel, N.W.T.: Entgletscherung, Auftauchen, und Abfolge der Vegetation und des Klimas J. D. Jacobs, W. N. Mode, C. A. Squires and G. H. Miller Tendances climatiques à l’Holocène en Amérique du Nord Article abstract Volume 39, Number 2, 1985 The late-glacial and Holocene paleoenvironmental sequence for the Frobisher Bay area is outlined using glacial, sea level, and palynological evidence. A rapid URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/032599ar retreat of ice from the late Foxe glacial maximum in the lower part of the bay DOI: https://doi.org/10.7202/032599ar after 11,000 BP was followed by a series of stillstands or minor readvances between ca. 8500 and 7000 BP and possibly later, before the final See table of contents disappearance of the inland ice centred near Amadjuak Lake. Lithostratigraphy of three buried organic sections which together represent deposition occurring over the period from 5500 to 400 BP indicates a change from a relatively warm, moist environment before 5500 BP to neoglacial Publisher(s) conditions, with the coldest phases centred around 5000, 2700, 1200 BP and Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal probably sometime after 400 radiocarbon years BP. As evidenced by peat growth and pollen data, milder, wetter conditions prevailed from 4500 to 3000 BP and again from ca. 2600 to 1800 BP. Peat growth and soil organic fractions ISSN point to lesser mild intervals ca. 900 BP and 400 BP, but these are not apparent 0705-7199 (print) in the pollen assemblage. The pollen record does not extend to the last four 1492-143X (digital) centuries; however, lichenometric studies of neoglacial moraines by DOWDESWELL (1984) show that the maximum late Holocene advance of Explore this journal glaciers in the area occurred within the last century. Modern pollen samples indicate that the present vegetation of the inner Frobisher Bay area is comparable to that of the milder intervals of the late Holocene. Cite this article Jacobs, J. D., Mode, W. N., Squires, C. A. & Miller, G. H. (1985). Holocene Environmental Change in the Frobisher Bay Area, Baffin Island, N.W.T.: Deglaciation, Emergence, and the Sequence of Vegetation and Climate. Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 39(2), 151–162. https://doi.org/10.7202/032599ar Tous droits réservés © Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1985 This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to promote and disseminate research. https://www.erudit.org/en/ Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 1985. vol. XXXIX. n° 2, p. 151-162. 8 fig.. 3 tabl. HOLOCENE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE IN THE FROBISHER BAY AREA, BAFFIN ISLAND, N.W.T.: DEGLACIATION, EMERGENCE, AND THE SEQUENCE OF VEGETATION AND CLIMATE JD. JACOBS, W.N. MODE, CA. SQUIRES and G.H. MILLER, respectively: Department of Geography, University of Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4; Department of Geology, University of Wisconsin, Oshkosh, Wisconsin 54901, U.S.A.; Nova Scotia Land Survey Institute, Lawrencetown, Nova Scotia BOS 1MO; Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, U.S.A. ABSTRACT The late-glacial and Holocene RÉSUMÉ Évolution environnementale à ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Holozàne Um- paleoenvironmental sequence for the Frob- l'Holocène dans la région de la baie de Fro­ weltverànderung im Frobisher-Bucht Gebiet, isher Bay area is outlined using glacial, sea bisher, île de Baffin, T.N.-O.: déglaciation, Baffin lnsel, N.W.T.: Entgletscherung, Auf- level, and palynological evidence. A rapid re­ emersion et successions végétale et cli­ tauchen, und Abfolge der Vegetation und treat of ice from the late Foxe glacial maximum matique. La présente étude porte sur l'évo­ des Klimas. Die spàtglaziale und holozàne in the lower part of the bay after 11,000 BP lution paléoenvironnementale fini-glaciaire et Abfolge des Palâomilieus im Gebiete der was followed by a series of stillstands or minor holocène de la région de la baie de Frobisher Frobisher Bucht wird durch glaziale, Meer- readvances between ca. 8500 and 7000 BP et se fonde sur les niveaux marins ainsi que esspiegel-, und palynologische Beweise um- and possibly later, before the final disap­ sur des témoins polliniques et glaciaires. Le rissen. Ein rasches Zurùckweichen des Eises pearance of the inland ice centred near retrait rapide des glaciers dans la partie in­ aus dem niederen Teil der Bucht hat sich Amadjuak Lake. Lithostratigraphy of three térieure de la baie depuis 11 000 BP a été nach 11 000 BP ereignet. gefolgt von meh- buried organic sections which together rep­ suivi d'épisodes de stabilité et de récurrences reren Stillstânden oder kleinerem Wieder- resent deposition occurring over the period mineures entre 8500 et 7000 ans BP. et peut- vorrùcken zwischen etwa 8500 und 7000 BP from 5500 to 400 BP indicates a change from être plus tard, avant la disparition définitive oder evtl. spater, bevor das Inlandeis a relatively warm, moist environment before des glaces continentales dont le centre se schliesslich verschwunden ist. Drei verdeckte 5500 BP to neoglacial conditions, with the trouvait près du lac Amadjuak. L'analyse a Bodenprofile sind analysiert worden, die zu- coldest phases centred around 5000, 2700, porté sur trois sections de sol enfoui qui re­ sammen die Ablagerung der Zeit von 5500 1200 BP and probably sometime after 400 présentent les dépôts accumulés entre 5500 bis 400 BP darstellen. Die Lithostratigraphie radiocarbon years BP. As evidenced by peat et 400 ans BP. La lithostratigraphie révèle le hat eine relativ warme, feuchte Umgebung growth and pollen data, milder, wetter con­ vor 5500 BP ergeben, die sich alsdann zu ditions prevailed from 4500 to 3000 BP and passage d'un climat relativement humide et again from ca. 2600 to 1800 BP. Peat growth chaud, il y a plus de 5500 ans, à un climat neoglazialen Zustânden geàndert hat, mit dem and soil organic fractions point to lesser mild néoglaciaire dont les périodes les plus froides Mittel der kâltesten Phasen um etwa 5000, intervals ca. 900 BP and 400 BP, but these se situent vers 5000, 2700 et 1200 ans BP 2700, und wahrscheinlich auch irgandwann are not apparent in the pollen assemblage. et probablement après 400 ans BP. La tourbe nach 400 Radiokohlenstoffjahren BP. Torf- The pollen record does not extend to the last et les données polliniques témoignent de wuchs sowie auch palynologische Daten zei- four centuries; however, lichenometric studies conditions climatiques plus douces et plus gen, dass milde, feuchte Zustânde von 4500 of neoglacial moraines by DOWDESWELL humides pour les périodes allant de 4500 à bis 3000 BP und dann nochmals von etwa (1984) show that the maximum late Holocene 3000 ans BP et d'environ 2600 à 1800 ans 2600 bis 1800 BP vorgeherrscht haben. Der advance of glaciers in the area occurred within BP. Mais, contrairement aux associations Torfwuchs und der organische Anteil des the last century. Modern pollen samples in­ polliniques, la tourbe et certaines portions Bodens deuten auch auf kleinere milde Zeit- dicate that the present vegetation of the inner organiques de sol font penser qu'ont existé spannen um etwa 900 und 400 BP, aber dièse Frobisher Bay area is comparable to that of des intervalles plus frais environ de 900 à sind nicht aus der Pollenvergesellschaftung the milder intervals of the late Holocene. 400 ans BP. Les données pollinique ne don­ ersichtlich. Fur die jùngsten vier Jahrhunderte nent aucun renseignement sur les quatre fehlen Pollenunterlagen; aber durch Unter- derniers siècles. Cependant, les études Ii- suchung der Flechten auf neoglazialen Mor- chénométriques que DOWDESWELL (1984) ânen hat DOWDESWELL (1984) fur dieses a faites sur les moraines néoglaciaires révèlent Gebiet ein spatholozànes Gletschervorrùcken que, dans la région pendant l'Holocène su­ wahrend des letzten Jahrhunderts belegen périeur, l'avancée maximale des glaces s'est konnen. Pollenmuster beweisen. dass sich produite au siècle dernier. Des échantillons im Gebiet der inneren Frobisher Bucht die polliniques récents démontrent que la vé­ heutige Pflanzendecke gut mit der Vegetation gétation actuelle de l'intérieur de la baie de mlldererer Spâtholozànintervalle vergleichen Frobisher ressemble à celle qu'on trouvait làsst. pendant les intervalles tempérés de l'Holocène supérieur. 152 J.D. JACOBS, W.N. MODE, CA. SQUIRES and G.H. MILLER INTRODUCTION about 115,000 and 6000 BP. ANDREWS and IVES (1978) used the term "Cockburn Substage" to describe the chron- Frobisher Bay (Fig. 1 ) is formed in a major trough or graben ostratigraphic subdivision of the Holocene during which the which extends from the Foxe Lowland southeastward between prominent moraine system dated at 9000 — 8000 BP was the Hall Upland and the Frobisher Upland of southern Baffin formed. This early Holocene advance of the northeastern Island (BLACKADAR, 1967; BIRD, 1967). The coastal lowlands edge of the Laurentide Ice Sheet at a time of general recession and interior valleys adjacent to the bay comprise an extension was interpreted as being due to increased precipitation resulting of the relatively productive low arctic vegetation zone into the from more open water by that time along the east coast of Arctic Archipelago, and the head of the bay marks the dis­ Baffin Island.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Modelling Population Mobility in Southern Baffin Island's Past
    MODELLING POPULATION MOBILITY IN SOUTHERN BAFFIN ISLAND’S PAST USING GIS AND LANDSCAPE ARCHAEOLOGY by Jeffrey Phillip Stup A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of Anthropology University of Manitoba Winnipeg, Manitoba Copyright © 2015 by Jeffrey Phillip Stup Abstract Evidence of chert stone tools on southern Baffin Island of Canada dates back thousands of years, yet most of these materials are found far from coastal areas of use. In the central interior lakes region of Baffin Island, chert can be found but this area is extremely remote and hard to access. If past human populations moved inland from the coast to acquire chert toolstone and pursue seasonally specific subsistence-related activities, many archaeological sites should exist between these respective locales. Historically, it has been difficult to locate such intermediate sites given the expansive of the landscape and the logistical challenges of surveying it. In this study, free and open-source geospatial data were used in geographic information systems (GIS) to predict archaeological site formation and potential inland travel routes. The models created link the archaeologically dense coastal and inland regions. These were constructed with a landscape archaeology theoretical approach and validated by comparisons to Inuit ethnographic accounts of interior-bound pathways. A new archaeological-GIS method was created, using a flood allocation function on a ‘humanistic’ cost surface. This ‘mobility-shed’ method generates vast networks of areas most conducive to human movement, aids in solving problems about past human population movements for Baffin Island history, for an ongoing chert provenance study, and will lead to future research through ground-truthing and more in-depth geospatial studies.
    [Show full text]
  • CNGO NU Summary-Of-Activities
    SUMMARY OF ACTIVITIES 2015 © 2015 by Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office. All rights reserved. Electronic edition published 2015. This publication is also available, free of charge, as colour digital files in Adobe Acrobat® PDF format from the Canada- Nunavut Geoscience Office website: www.cngo.ca/ Every reasonable effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this report, but Natural Resources Canada does not assume any liability for errors that may occur. Source references are included in the report and users should verify critical information. When using information from this publication in other publications or presentations, due acknowledgment should be given to Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office. The recommended reference is included on the title page of each paper. The com- plete volume should be referenced as follows: Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office (2015): Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office Summary of Activities 2015; Canada- Nunavut Geoscience Office, 208 p. ISSN 2291-1235 Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office Summary of Activities (Print) ISSN 2291-1243 Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office Summary of Activities (Online) Front cover photo: Sean Noble overlooking a glacially eroded valley, standing among middle Paleoproterozoic age psam- mitic metasedimentary rocks, nine kilometres west of Chidliak Bay, southern Baffin Island. Photo by Dustin Liikane, Carleton University. Back cover photo: Iqaluit International Airport under rehabilitation and expansion; the Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Of- fice, Geological Survey of Canada (Natural Resources Canada), Centre d’études nordiques (Université Laval) and Trans- port Canada contributed to a better understanding of permafrost conditions to support the planned repairs and adapt the in- frastructure to new climatic conditions. Photo by Tommy Tremblay, Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office.
    [Show full text]
  • Government of Nunavut |
    GOVERNMENT OF NUNAVUT Procurement Activity Report kNo1i Z?m4fiP9lre pWap5ryeCd6 t b4fy 5 Nunalingni Kavamatkunnilu Pivikhaqautikkut Department of Community and Government Services Ministère des Services communautaires et gouvernementaux Fiscal Year 2014/15 GOVERNMENT OF NUNAVUT Procurement Activity Report Table of Contents Purpose . 3 Objective . 3 Introduction . 3 Report Overview . 4 Sole Source Contract Observations . 5 General Observations . 9 Summary . 11 1. All Contracts (> $5,000) . 11 2. Contracting Types . 15 3. Contracting Methods . 18 4. Sole Source Contract Distribution . 22 Appendices Appendix A: Glossary and Definition of Terms . 27 Appendix B: Sole Source (> $5,000) . 29 Appendix C: Contract Detailed Listing (> $5,000) . 35 1 GOVERNMENT OF NUNAVUT Procurement Activity Report Purpose The Department of Community and Government Services (CGS) is pleased to present this report on the Government of Nunavut (GN's) procurement and contracting activities for the 2014/15 fiscal year. Objective CGS is committed to ensuring fair value and ethical practices in meeting its responsibilities. This is accomplished through effective policies and procedures aimed at: • Obtaining the best value for Nunavummiut overall; • Creating a fair and open environment for vendors; • Maintaining current and accurate information; and • Ensuring effective approaches to meet the GN's requirements. Introduction The Procurement Activity Report presents statistical information and contract detail about GN contracts as reported by GN departments to CGS's Procurement, Logistics and Contract Support section. Contracts entered into by the GN Crown agencies and the Legislative Assembly are not reported to CGS and are not included in this report. Contract information provided in this report reflects contracts awarded and reported during the 2014/2015 fiscal year.
    [Show full text]
  • Mining, Mineral Exploration and Geoscience Contents
    Overview 2020 Nunavut Mining, Mineral Exploration and Geoscience Contents 3 Land Tenure in Nunavut 30 Base Metals 6 Government of Canada 31 Diamonds 10 Government of Nunavut 3 2 Gold 16 Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated 4 4 Iron 2 0 Canada-Nunavut Geoscience Office 4 6 Inactive projects 2 4 Kitikmeot Region 4 9 Glossary 2 6 Kivalliq Region 50 Guide to Abbreviations 2 8 Qikiqtani Region 51 Index About Nunavut: Mining, Mineral Exploration and by the Canadian Securities Administrators (CSA), the regulatory Geoscience Overview 2020 body which oversees stock market and investment practices, and is intended to ensure that misleading, erroneous, or This publication is a combined effort of four partners: fraudulent information relating to mineral properties is not Crown‑Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada published and promoted to investors on the stock exchanges (CIRNAC), Government of Nunavut (GN), Nunavut Tunngavik Incorporated (NTI), and Canada‑Nunavut Geoscience Office overseen by the CSA. Resource estimates reported by mineral (CNGO). The intent is to capture information on exploration and exploration companies that are listed on Canadian stock mining activities in 2020 and to make this information available exchanges must be NI 43‑101 compliant. to the public and industry stakeholders. We thank the many contributors who submitted data and Acknowledgements photos for this edition. Prospectors and mining companies are This publication was written by the Mineral Resources Division welcome to submit information on their programs and photos at CIRNAC’s Nunavut Regional Office (Matthew Senkow, for inclusion in next year’s publication. Feedback and comments Alia Bigio, Samuel de Beer, Yann Bureau, Cedric Mayer, and are always appreciated.
    [Show full text]
  • Quaternary Geology of Bluegoose Prairie, Baffin Island, Nunavut
    QUATERNARY GEOLOGY OF BLUEGOOSE PRAIRIE, BAFFIN ISLAND, NUNAVUT by Kayla J. Vickers B.Sc., University of Alberta, 2004 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE In the Department of Earth Sciences © Kayla J. Vickers 2011 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Spring 2011 All rights reserved. However, in accordance with the Copyright Act of Canada, this work may be reproduced, without authorization, under the conditions for Fair Dealing. Therefore, limited reproduction of this work for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, review and news reporting is likely to be in accordance with the law, particularly if cited appropriately. APPROVAL Name: Kayla Vickers Degree: Master ofScience Title of Thesis: Quaternary Geology of Bluegoose Prairie, Baffin Island, Nunavut Examining Committee: Chair: Dr. Gwenn Flowers Associate Professor, Department ofEarth Sciences Dr. Brent Ward Senior Supervisor Associate Professor, Department ofEarth Sciences "By video teleconference from Halifax. Nova Scotia" Mr. Daniel Utting Supervisor Geologist, Nova Scotia Department ofNatural Resources Dr. Olav Lian Supervisor Adjunct, Department ofEarth Sciences Dr. Rod Smith External Examiner Geological Survey ofCanada th Date Defended/Approved: April 13 • 2011 II Declaration of Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users.
    [Show full text]
  • S. Brooke Milne, UWO Page 1 10/23/2005 Investigating Pre
    Investigating Pre-Dorset Inland Occupations on Southern Baffin Island (Nunavut Archaeology Permit 04- 06A) S. Brooke Milne During the 2004 summer field season, S. Brooke Milne (University of Western Ontario) conducted archaeological survey and test excavation in the Mingo and Amadjuak Lake Districts of south central Baffin Island. Students from the University of Waterloo, McMaster University, and Queens University were members of the field crew as was a high school student from the Hamlet of Igloolik. The principal objective was to locate additional Pre-Dorset inland sites. Prior to 2004, only three Pre-Dorset inland site components had been identified and investigated; thus, much of what we presently know about this culture’s lifeways is biased towards the marine adaptation. Given this critical knowledge gap, the long-term objectives for this research project are to build on the limited available data of Pre-Dorset inland occupations, and to examine the function and role of these sites within the broader context of this culture’s overall seasonal settlement pattern on the island. In the early 1990s, Douglas Stenton investigated the Thule and Inuit occupation of the Mingo and Amadjuak Lake Districts, and discovered dozens of sites. While Stenton observed evidence of Palaeoeskimo cultural activity at several locales, specific cultural designations could not be made given the limited nature of the material remains and lack of diagnostic types. Consequently, several of these locales were revisited in 2004 with the intention of confirming their cultural affinity by means of extensive subsurface testing. In the Mingo Lake District, two Pre-Dorset sites were relocated.
    [Show full text]
  • Polar Bear Hunting: Three Areas \Vere Most Important for Hunting Was Less Mtensive South of Shaftesbury Inlet, Where Polar Bear
    1Ire8, whenever seen, most often when people • SlImmary: In compan on with othcr Kcc\\attn settlements. ibou or trappmg. the people of Chesterfield use a rclati\"cl) small arca of land. ÏlItt11iDl Hunting. 80th ringed and bearded seals Chesterfield is a small c1osc-knit seulement. and evcryone year rooud. In sommer people hunt along shares the land and game of the area. There is usually JnIet toParther Hope Point including Barbour suffieient supply of game nearby without their having to e coast from Whale Cove to Karmarvik Harbour, travel very far. Many people are also wage carners and are omiles mland. For mueh of the year people hunt Iimited to day and weekend hunting trips, exeept for holiday' 'h . d 1 oe èdge, which is usually three or four miles out ln t e spnng an summer. ement; however, the distance varies along The area most important to the people of Chesterfield is !'the pnncipal seal hunting season is spring, w en the mouth of the inlet. north along the coast from Cape the ice. At this time, too, young seals are hunted Silumiut to Daly Bay: and ülland to nearby caribou hunting lairs. The area from Baker Foreland to Bern­ and fishmg areas. ThiS rcglOn 15 nch ln gamc. and il COI1­ and along Chesterfield Inlet to Big Island is weil stitutes the traditional hunting ground for 1110st of the :Cape Silumiut area is extremely popular for week­ Chesterfield people. Il does not overlap with land cOJnmonly trips, and people often hunt atthe floe edge near used by any other seUlement, although people from Rankin t.
    [Show full text]
  • Cold Regions: Pivot Points, Focal Points
    Cold Regions: Pivot Points, Focal Points Proceedings of the 24th Polar Libraries Colloquy June 11–14, 2012 Boulder, Colorado, United States edited by Shelly Sommer and Ann Windnagel colloquy organized by Gloria Hicks and Allaina Wallace, National Snow and Ice Data Center Shelly Sommer, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research December 2012 Table of Contents Photo of participants .................................................................................................. 4 Opening and closing speakers ..................................................................................... 5 Keynote speaker: Dr. James W. C. White “Climate is changing faster and faster” ........................ 5 Closing speaker: Leilani Henry “We are all Antarctica” ............................................................................. 6 Session 1: Arctic higher education and library networks .............................................. 7 University of the Arctic Digital Library: Update 2012 ..................................................................................... 8 Sandy Campbell University of Lapland going to be really Arctic university – challenges for the library ..................... 15 Susanna Parikka Session 2: Best practices in collecting, searching, and using digital resources ............. 21 The network surrounding the Library of the National Institute of Polar Research (NIPR) .............. 22 Yoriko Hayakawa All you can get (?): Finding (full-text) information using a discovery service .....................................
    [Show full text]
  • Canada Topographical
    University of Waikato Library: Map Collection Canada: topographical maps 1: 250,000 The Map Collection of the University of Waikato Library contains a comprehensive collection of maps from around the world with detailed coverage of New Zealand and the Pacific : Editions are first unless stated. These maps are held in storage on Level 1 Please ask a librarian if you would like to use one: Coverage of Canadian Provinces Province Covered by sectors On pages Alberta 72-74 and 82-84 pp. 14, 16 British Columbia 82-83, 92-94, 102-104 and 114 pp. 16-20 Manitoba 52-54 and 62-64 pp. 10, 12 New Brunswick 21 and 22 p. 3 Newfoundland and Labrador 01-02, 11, 13-14 and 23-25) pp. 1-4 Northwest Territories 65-66, 75-79, 85-89, 95-99 and 105-107) pp. 12-21 Nova Scotia 11 and 20-210) pp. 2-3 Nunavut 15-16, 25-27, 29, 35-39, 45-49, 55-59, 65-69, 76-79, pp. 3-7, 9-13, 86-87, 120, 340 and 560 15, 21 Ontario 30-32, 40-44 and 52-54 pp. 5, 6, 8-10 Prince Edward Island 11 and 21 p. 2 Quebec 11-14, 21-25 and 31-35 pp. 2-7 Saskatchewan 62-63 and 72-74 pp. 12, 14 Yukon 95,105-106 and 115-117 pp. 18, 20-21 The sector numbers begin in the southeast of Canada: They proceed west and north. 001 Newfoundland 001K Trepassey 3rd ed. 1989 001L St: Lawrence 4th ed. 1989 001M Belleoram 3rd ed.
    [Show full text]
  • Crystal to Iqaluit – 75 Years of Planning Engineering and Building
    Leadership in Sustainable Infrastructure Leadership en Infrastructures Durables Vancouver, Canada May 31 – June 3, 2017/ Mai 31 – Juin 3, 2017 CRYSTAL TO IQALUIT – 75 YEARS OF PLANNING ENGINEERING AND BUILDING Johnson, Ken1,2 1 Planner, Engineer, and Historian, Cryofront, Edmonton, Alberta 2 [email protected] Abstract: The City of Iqaluit and its airfield is amongst a unique group of Canadian communities that originated entirely from a military presence, and reflects the origin of Louisburgg, and Kingston as strategic military hubs. From its origin as an airbase to serve the ferrying of aircraft from North America to Europe, Crystal II, then Frobisher Bay (1964), and finally Iqaluit (1987) has experienced 75 years of planning, engineering, and building. Iqaluit’s modern origins began in July 1941, during the Battle of the Atlantic, with the investigation of the Frobisher Bay region for a potential site as part of a series of military airfields on the great circle route to Europe. A non-military direction for the community, and the airfield came with John Diefenbaker’s 1958 grand vision for a domed community, but the grand vision disappeared when Diefenbaker lost power in 1962. Further community planning was completed in the years that followed, and these concepts were more realistic in the reflection of the climate, and terrain of the community. In 1963, the remaining military forces left, creating a Canadian government center, and a community in the eastern Arctic. Within the community itself, a central area became the community focus along with several surrounding residential areas. The community’s infrastructure included a piped water and sewer system, which pioneered the use of insulated buried pipe, and steel manholes.
    [Show full text]
  • Kinngait (Cape Dorset) 5 Finding Aid
    Inuit Art Foundation Archives Kinngait (Cape Dorset) 5 Finding Aid This Finding Aid represents 2,184 35mm slides, negatives, transparencies and/or prints of artwork, artist portraits and/or community photographs from Kinngait (Cape Dorset), NU. The photographic records presented in this Finding Aid were formerly in the collection of the Department of Indian Affairs and Northern Development (DIAND); now Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada (CIRNAC). The Inuit Art Foundation is not the owner of the objects depicted in the photographic materials, and the collections where the works are currently held remain a rich area of future study. This Finding Aid is intended to provide public access and includes records that are partially processed. The information included herein is based off of original documentation from DIAND and efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of the information. Please contact the Inuit Art Foundation to verify the information. Records from the Inuit Art Foundation’s archival holdings may not be published, exhibited or broadcast without the written permission of, and proper credit to, the Inuit Art Foundation. This project was realized as part of the National Heritage Digitization Strategy of Canada thanks to the generous support of a private donor. Ce projet a été réalisé dans le cadre de La Stratégie de numérisation du patrimoine documentaire du Canada grâce à un don généreux d’un donateur privé. This project is funded in part by the Government of Canada. Ce projet est financé en partie par le gouvernement du Canada.
    [Show full text]
  • Royal Canadian Mounted Police
    ARCHIVED - Archiving Content ARCHIVÉE - Contenu archivé Archived Content Contenu archivé Information identified as archived is provided for L’information dont il est indiqué qu’elle est archivée reference, research or recordkeeping purposes. It est fournie à des fins de référence, de recherche is not subject to the Government of Canada Web ou de tenue de documents. Elle n’est pas Standards and has not been altered or updated assujettie aux normes Web du gouvernement du since it was archived. Please contact us to request Canada et elle n’a pas été modifiée ou mise à jour a format other than those available. depuis son archivage. Pour obtenir cette information dans un autre format, veuillez communiquer avec nous. This document is archival in nature and is intended Le présent document a une valeur archivistique et for those who wish to consult archival documents fait partie des documents d’archives rendus made available from the collection of Public Safety disponibles par Sécurité publique Canada à ceux Canada. qui souhaitent consulter ces documents issus de sa collection. Some of these documents are available in only one official language. Translation, to be provided Certains de ces documents ne sont disponibles by Public Safety Canada, is available upon que dans une langue officielle. Sécurité publique request. Canada fournira une traduction sur demande. DOMINION OF CANADA REPORT OF THE ROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED POLICE FOR THE YEAR. ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1930 OTTAWA F. A. ACLAND PRINTER TO THE KING'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY 1931 l'ricc, 2,3 cents. DOMINION OF CANADA REPORT OF THE ROYAL CANADIAN MOUNTED POLICE FOR THE YEAR ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 1930 Li 'OTTAWA F.
    [Show full text]