The Edington Cartulary
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%iltsI)ire imurh éutietp (formerly the Records Branch of the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society) VOLUME XLII FOR THE YEAR 1986 THIS VOLUME IS PUBLISHED WITH THE HELP OF GRANTS FROM THE BRITISH ACADEMY, THE TWENTY-SEVEN FOUNDATION, AND THE LATE MISS ISOBEL THORNLEY'S BEQUEST TO THE UNIVERSITY OF LONDON Impression of 500 copies < *1 '0‘ ‘I 1?~\ii'i§ it I-I an ¢ 1;‘ if ‘iiII 'nA avKH '2’~~:3 ii"'$wt“,2;.-1;," A1-5;,a g’I,"J'n*'*. Ti“.5I 3v _ ‘ . ‘Mun wmoh: fist Q > . I. - ., _‘__. ‘£5; ‘i "'21. \ 5' . M‘ * W --‘$9 - f X {ta.5“.. 5' ’ ‘"18 fl 1 3 gr‘ ‘.. <- f i@'""-H1-*f"""'.'1A_ pi‘ A C¢l,8fl1l$l\ #?1"~"':‘-1fit.......a.,_;p......._,.'4_ I1*5“ \~ _IW»kw ‘W' t4wWUl|lV¢-*‘,::$n<..,¢._ r ; i 5 . \ . Aat, _ P .. -_;' c" -0 A. 1 .-»~ ‘W; f )~ '- 1 wrrt I ii .‘je 1» ‘I,:5;"sft -- __~ ‘Q (fink ' ii . -. l 9 t W - rr D P A’ \ I y_ ah __ _< I .. I _ l ‘& I 4.,’ Q aw Q ' --°"-'-'* i ii I gliuivll ‘E ‘ F’‘.. ‘ i _ “ tai _ ‘IP W . ($§tt1m6‘I:l:®8btI:u€mi } E‘) -N‘ ‘R\ c Q t ml. "§ 3 *"‘ pm Jsilfi :5: mm ani n - I \ Z :2’ c11m6' y (xi $31113 _ D i“fllI\1%§ Walter of Sevenhampton and two chaplains of Edington receive the church of Coleshill from Robert Wyville, bishop of Salisbury, in 1358: from B.L. Add. Ch. 71759 (qt 512) THE EDINGTON CARTULARY EDITED BY JANET H. STEVENSON DEVIZES 1987 © Wiltshire Record Society ISBN U 901333 19 X Produced for the Society by Alan Sutton Publishing Gloucester CONTENTS Pail? Frontispiece ii Preface IX List of Abbreviations X INTRODUCTION THE HOUSE OF EDINGTON Foundation XIII Estates XVIII THE CARTULARY: B.L. Lansdownc MS. 442 Composition XXVI History XXIX Editorial Note xxxiii TEXT 1 INDEX OF PERSONS AND PLACES I75 INDEX OF SUBJECTS 217 List of Members 227 Publications of the Society 235 PREFACE The Society is grateful to the Director of Special Collections of the British Library for permission to publish this calendar of the Edington Cartulary, Lansdowne MS. 442. Miss Janet H. Stevenson wishes to thank the Director of the Institute of Historical Research and the Editor of the Victoria Coimty History for granting study leave to enable her to work on the manuscript; the British Academy, the Twenty-Seven Foundation, and the Thornley Bequest Committee for making grants towards the cost of preparing the text for publication; and the Trustees of the British Museum for allowing a photograph of B.L. Add. Ch. 71759 to be reproduced as the frontispiece. She would also like to thank Mrs Joyce Horn and Dr R.F. Hunnisett who have given generously of their time and expertise in elucidating problems. _]. L. KIRBY LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Manuscript Sources Bodl. Libr. Bodleian Library DD Deeds Deposited B.L. British Library Add. Ch. Additional Charter P.R.O. Public Record Office Chancery C 56 Confirmation Rolls C 131 Extents for Debts C 145 Miscellaneous Inquisitions C 260 Chancery Files (Tower and Rolls Chapel Series), Recorda Court of Common Pleas CP 25(1) Feet of Fines, Series I CP 40 De Banco Rolls Exchequer, King’s Remembrancer E 159 Memoranda Rolls E 179 Subsidy Rolls, etc. Exchequer, Augmentation Office E 315 Miscellaneous Books E 326 Ancient Deeds, Series B E 327 Ancient Deeds, Series BX Exchequer, Lord Treasurer’s Remembrancer's and Pipe Offices E 368 Memoranda Rolls E 372 Pipe Rolls Justices Itinerant JUST I Assize Rolls, Eyre Rolls, etc. Court of King’s Bench KB 27 Coram Rege Rolls Principal Probate Registry PROB 11 Registered Copies of Wills Proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury State Paper Office SP 14 State Papers Domestic, James I Primary Printed Sources Birch, Cart. Sax. Walter de Gray Birch, Cartularium Saxonicuni: A Collection of Charters relating to Anglo-Saxoii History (A.D. 430-975). 3 volumes (London, 1885 (1883)—93, reprinted 1963) LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xi Ble. of Fees Liber Feodorum. The Boole of Fees commonly called Testa de Nevill re- formedfrom the earliest M-SS. by the Deputy Keeper of the Public Records, 1198-1293. 3 volumes (H.M.S.O. I920, 1923, 1931) Cal. Chart. R. Calendar of Charter Rolls Cal. Close Calendar of Close Rolls Cal. Feet of F. Wilts. 1195-1272, ed. E.A. Fry (ed.), Calendar of Feet of Fry Fines, 1195-1272 (Wiltshire Archaeo- logical Society, Devizes, I930) Cal. Fine R. Calendar of Fine Rolls Cal. Inq. Misc. Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous Cal. Inq. p.m. Calendar of Inquisitions post mortem Cal. Pat. Calendar of Patent Rolls Feet of Fines, 1195-1291 (Oxon. Feet of Fines for Oxfordshire, 1195- R.S. xii) 1291, ed. H.E. Salter (Oxfordshire Record Society xii, 1930) Feet if Fines Edward I and Edward II Abstracts of Feet of Fines relating to (W.R.S. i) Wiltshire, Edward I and Edward II, ed. R.B. Pugh (Wiltshire Record Society i, I939) Feet ofFines Edward III (W.R.S. xxix) Abstracts of Feet of Fines relating to Wiltshirefor the Reign of Edward III, ed. C.R. Elrington (Wiltshire Record Society xxix,. 1974) Feet of Fines, 1377-1509 (W.R. S. xli) Abstracts of Feet of Fines relating to Wiltsliire, 1377-1509, ed. J.L. Kirby (Wiltshire Record Society xli, I986) Feud. Aids Inquisitions and Assessments relating to Feudal Aids, with other analogous documents preserved in the Public Record Office, 1284-1431. 6 volumes (H.M.S.O. l899—l92U) T. Madox, Formulare Anglicanum T. Madox, Formulare Anglicanum: a Collection of Ancient Charters and Instruments of Divers Kinds,from the Norman Conquest to the End of the Reign of Henry VIII (London, 1702) L. Er P. Hen. VIII Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domes- tic, of the Reign of Henry VIII Rot. Hund. Rotuli I-Iundredorum Rot. Parl. Rotuli Parlianientorum xii THE EDINGTON CARTULARY Secondary Sources Arch, jnl, Arcliaeologi'caljournal Blomefield, Hist. Norfolle, v Francis Blomefield, An Essay towards a Topographical History oftlie County of Norfolle (London, 1806) Liveing, Rec. ofRomsey Abbey H.G.D. Liveing, Records of Romsey Abbey (Winchester, 1912) I/',C.H, Victoria County History INTRODUCTION THE HOUSE OF EDINGTON Foundation.‘ The transformation of the church of Edington from a parisl church to a monastic one was the result of an act of piety by a member of local family, William of Edington, who was born at Edington (gf. 13) achieved ecclesiastical and political eminence in the 14th century, and died I1 1366. His early patrons (cf. 23) may have been Gilbert of Middleton archdeacon of Northampton, who held the prebend of Edington in Romse‘ abbey from 1312 until his death c. 1331,2 and Adam Orleton, successivel‘ bishop of Worcester and of Winchester. By the time William of Edington wa consecrated bishop of Winchester in succession to Orleton in 1346, he hat already held important offices of state and was at that time Treasurer of th Exchequer, an office he held until 1356 when he relinquished it to becom Chancellor of England, in which position he served until 1363. Before 1351 h formed the intention of establishing a chantry within the church of Edington That church, although not expressly mentioned until 1241, was held, perhap from the 10th century, by the Benedictine nuns of Romsey abbey ii Hampshire. The revenues of the church were used as a prebend, or means o support, for a priest whom the nuns appointed as one oftheir chaplains. Th priest so appointed was therefore a canon of Romsey abbey, and th prebendary and rector of Edington, where his pastoral duties were performe. by a vicar. William of Edington secured the agreement of the abbess ani convent of Romsey to his scheme: land in Edington was bought from the nun (e.g. 3-4), and in 1351 the prebendary and rector of Edington resigned and wa replaced by a warden of the chantry, the chantry was united with th prebendal church of Edington, and the abbess of Romsey transferred th patronage of the church to William of Edington, and, in place of the rectoi accepted the warden as a canon of Romsey abbey The rules by which the chantry was governed were drawn up in Octobe I351 and received papal confirmation in I352. Besides the warden, sii chaplains, rather than the three originally intended, then served the chantry, i: which the Blessed Virgin Mary, St Katharine, and All Saints were invoked The priests said the canonical hours and the office of the dead daily accordin to the Sarum Use and sang mass daily for the royal family, for William c Edington, his parents Roger and Amice and his brother John, and for th bishop of Salisbury. In addition a daily mass for the dead was said in which th 1. Accounts of the foundation of the chantry in Edington church and of the chantry transformation into a religious house are given in V.C.H. Wilts. iii. 320-1; viii. 246-7. 2. A.B. Emden, Biog. Reg. Univ. Oxf. to 1500, ii. 1274—5. XIV THE EDINGTON CARTULARY ancestors ofWilliam ofEdington, Adam, bishop of Winchester, and Gilbert of Middleton, archdeacon of Northampton, were expressly commemorated. After William of Edington's death, the warden was to be collated by the bishop of Salisbury. The warden appointed the chaplains and all received a stipend, paid twice yearly, and a suit of clothes yearly or money instead. The warden had his own house, perhaps the rectory house, but ate with the chaplains: he employed a clerk to serve mass, and provided the vestments, including black tippets lined with fur, which the chaplains wore in church.