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Informatica 4.E] 2016/2017 Classe 4 E Liceo Scientifico E.Fermi Catanzaro Lido (CZ) [INFORMATICA 4.E] Sommario SOMMARIO ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 PRESENTAZIONE ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 IL WEB ........................................................................................................................................................................ 8 STORIA ............................................................................................................................................................................. 8 World Wide Web ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 Dal web statico al web service .................................................................................................................................. 9 Dal web statico al web semantico ........................................................................................................................... 10 COS’È IL WEB? ................................................................................................................................................................ 13 Funzionamento ........................................................................................................................................................ 15 Fonti ........................................................................................................................................................................ 16 INTERNET ........................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Storia ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17 APPROFONDIMENTI SULL’ARGOMENTO INTERNET .................................................................................................................... 20 Cos’è una rete? ........................................................................................................................................................ 20 Cos’è e come funziona internet? ............................................................................................................................. 20 I vari tipi di collegamento ad internet ..................................................................................................................... 21 Come funziona il modem e come avviene la connessione ad Internet? .................................................................. 25 Il Protocollo ............................................................................................................................................................. 26 Gli indirizzi ............................................................................................................................................................... 26 Il Browser................................................................................................................................................................. 28 La posta elettronica ................................................................................................................................................. 29 FTP (File Transfer Protocol) ..................................................................................................................................... 30 Vantaggi e svantaggi di internet ............................................................................................................................. 30 Fonti ........................................................................................................................................................................ 31 RISCHI DEL WEB E COME DIFENDERSI ..................................................................................................................................... 32 Cyberbullismo .......................................................................................................................................................... 32 Phishing ................................................................................................................................................................... 37 Metodologia generale di attacco ............................................................................................................................ 38 Storia del phishing ................................................................................................................................................... 39 Tipi di phishing ........................................................................................................................................................ 39 Anti-Phishing ........................................................................................................................................................... 41 La truffa dei “viaggi fantasma” ............................................................................................................................... 42 Social network e furti d'identità .............................................................................................................................. 43 Dialer auto installanti .............................................................................................................................................. 43 Spam........................................................................................................................................................................ 43 Fonti ........................................................................................................................................................................ 44 2 IL DEEP WEB.................................................................................................................................................................... 45 Clear Web & Deep Web ........................................................................................................................................... 46 Come accedere ........................................................................................................................................................ 47 Navigazione Deep Web ........................................................................................................................................... 49 Deep Web ................................................................................................................................................................ 51 La parte legale del Deep Web ................................................................................................................................. 52 Transazioni di denaro .............................................................................................................................................. 55 DarkWeb ................................................................................................................................................................. 56 La Parte Macabra del DarkWeb .............................................................................................................................. 59 Conclusioni .............................................................................................................................................................. 62 Fonti ........................................................................................................................................................................ 62 L’OPEN SOURCE .........................................................................................................................................................63 STORIA ........................................................................................................................................................................... 63 Introduzione ............................................................................................................................................................ 63 Avvenimenti............................................................................................................................................................. 63 La nascita del software proprietario ....................................................................................................................... 65 Gli anni 90: Internet, Linux e le Open Source Definition .......................................................................................... 65 Studi e ricerche ........................................................................................................................................................ 68 Software open source maggiormente diffusi .......................................................................................................... 68 Modelli di business .................................................................................................................................................. 69 Fonti .......................................................................................................................................................................
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