Volume 34 No

THE CONNECTICUT WARBLER A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology

Volume 34 No. 1 January 2014 Pages 1-28 The Connecticut Warbler A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology Volume 34, Number 1 January 2014 CONTENTS 1 Short-Range Migratory Strategies Joseph Belanger 10 Notes on Behavior, Status and Distribution Paul Carrier 14 Connecticut Field Notes Greg Hanisek 25 A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Birds Mark Szantyr 28 Photo Challenge

ON THE COVER

Paul Carrier bases his bird illustrations on close observation, and in this issue he offers two notes on bird behavior around his home in Harwinton. His cover art illustrates typical ground-feeding species , a White-throated Sparrow and a Dark-eyed Junco, feeding on tree seeds, the subject of one of the notes. SHORT-RANGE MIGRATORY STRATEGIES

By Joseph Belanger

Introduction

After a summer of predictable breeding behavior, migratory demands across the northeastern United States scatter many species southward across the continent and beyond. But a number of short-range migrants always seem to leave some individuals behind, occasionally in substantial numbers. The exact reason for this has always been obscure, and often dismissed as the whimsy of local populations. But when Christmas and summer bird count data is subjected to Shannon-Wiener analysis, another strategy emerges. Winter rhythms across this region follow a distinctive pattern, with many short-range migrants apparently seeking to minimize their migration distance each year. Selected Count Circles

For the purposes of this review, six Christmas count circles and three summer counts (held annually in June) were selected from the northeast, and these count circles are listed within Table 1. Christmas count data was readily available on the internet, and was downloaded for the years 2007 - 2011 (BirdSource, CBC data). Summer counts were gathered from internet sources (Willow Beach Field Naturalist, SBC data) and from published material (Zeranski and Comins 2007 - 2011).

This count data was analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener In- dex (Shannon 1948), based upon the underlying biodiversity theory that a well-balanced ecosystem is an equally propor- tioned one (Heywood 1995). For such systems all species are numerically well-represented, and are therefore capable of losing numerous individuals before they suffer any material weakening. Conversely, an ecosystem characterized by a handful of dominant species and several marginal populations is subject to sudden disruption.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 1 2 Belanger The Shannon-Wiener Index (H) measures biodiversity, and has two components. The first increases with the number of species, while the second (evenness) reflects the proportionality of these species (Table 2).

The Evenness Index (E) breaks out the proportional component of Shannon-Wiener, and generates an index of 1.0 (100%) for perfect proportionality. As such, this index generates data that resembles test scores, and these scores comprise the central focus of this paper. (H) = -sum [P(i) x Ln P(i)] x(i) = # of each species N = # of total birds (E) = H/Ln S P(i) = x(i)/N Ln = natural log S = # of species

The Greater White-fronted Goose (Anser albifrons) on the left and the Great Black-backed Gull (Larus marinus) on the right represent opposite ends of the migration spectrum. This goose is a long distance migrant that probably bred in Greenland, while the gull is a year-round resident species in the northeast. Both birds were digi-scoped on Silver Lake in Westchester County, New York, during the winter of 2009-2010. While both species are absent from this pond in summer, they are fairly regular visitors to this location during winter. These two species represent the variable and disparate sources that contribute to the avian population of a geographic area each winter. Short-Range Migratory Strategies 3

Shannon-Wiener Biodiversity Index Transitional - Northern Hardwood Forest 0.9 0.8

ex 0.7 d 0.6

ess I n 0.5 n 0.4 en v

E 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Barkhamsted Summer Barkhamsted Christmas Peterborough Christmas

Graph 1 - The mixed transitional - northern hardwood forest demonstrates a high level of summer breeding stability, and despite a sharp drop-off in the number of species, a surprisingly stable evenness index during Christmas counts.

Shannon-Wiener Biodiversity Index Coastal Christmas Counts 0.8 0.7

ex 0.6 d 0.5

ess I n 0.4 n en

v 0.3 E 0.2 0.1 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Cape May Christmas Nantucket Christmas

Graph 2 - Coastal areas feature pronounced volatility in Christmas count results, reflecting the reliance upon these areas as refuges for many stressed or vagrant migrants.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 4 Belanger

Table 1 - Selected Count Circles

Count Geographic Ecological Circle Location Province

Barkhamsted, Interior- Transitional Forest - CT New England Northern Hardwood

Peterborough- Interior- Transitional Forest - Hancock, NH New England Northern Hardwood

Greenwich- Coastal- Eastern Broadleaf Forest Stamford, CT Sound

Northumberland/ Interior- Eastern Broadleaf Forest Port Hope-Cobourg, ON Great Lakes

Cape May, Coastal- Eastern Broadleaf Forest NJ Peninsula Pine Barrens subregion

Nantucket, Coastal- Eastern Broadleaf Forest MA Island Pine Barrens subregion

Table 2 - Count Data

Summer Counts Christmas Counts 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Barkhamsted, CT # Species 120 120 126 128 123 74 71 65 67 66 Shannon-Wiener 4.05 4.04 4.07 4.06 4.04 3.25 3.07 3.10 3.07 3.11 Evenness 0.85 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.76 0.72 0.74 0.73 0.74 Peterborough-Hancock, NH # Species ------41 40 44 47 54 Shannon-Wiener ------2.83 2.58 2.80 2.79 2.96 Evenness ------0.76 0.70 0.74 0.72 0.74 Greenwich-Stamford, CT # Species 140 148 141 133 132 123 118 116 108 103 Shannon-Wiener 3.84 3.83 3.84 3.74 3.75 3.35 3.44 3.05 3.46 3.37 Evenness 0.78 0.77 0.78 0.76 0.77 0.70 0.72 0.64 0.74 0.73 Northumberland/Port Hope # Species 143 140 140 138 136 83 81 72 77 77 Shannon-Wiener 3.82 3.88 3.85 3.69 3.81 3.15 2.99 2.87 2.98 2.69 Evenness 0.77 0.79 0.78 0.75 0.78 0.71 0.68 0.67 0.69 0.62 Cape May, NJ # Species ------161 155 150 152 152 Shannon-Wiener ------3.62 3.42 3.32 3.59 2.88 Evenness ------0.71 0.68 0.66 0.71 0.57 Nantucket, MA # Species ------129 134 118 128 134 Shannon-Wiener ------2.13 2.22 3.35 3.25 2.18 Evenness ------0.44 0.45 0.70 0.67 0.44 Short-Range Migratory Strategies 5 Transitional - Northern Hardwood Forest

Barkhamsted (Connecticut) and Peterborough-Hancock (New Hampshire) comprise two count circles that are found within the mixed transitional - northern hardwood forest, a region characterized by beech, birch, maple, pine and hemlock (McNab and Avers 1994). This region forms a transitional zone between the North American temperate hardwoods and the spruce-fir biome to the north. As such, it demonstrates some characteristic traits of the boreal biome, with a high reproduction capacity and a sudden drop in winter diversity.

Summer data from the Barkhamsted count generates a very high Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index, much of which is driven by a strong evenness component. In fact, while the Barkhamsted summer circle did not exhibit a particularly high species count, its 84% evenness index was the highest in this review (Table 2). In addition, while this region’s Christ- mas count results showed a dramatic drop in the number of species, Christmas data also generated surprisingly stable results. Both the Barkhamsted and Peterborough-Hancock counts featured an evenness index that consistently hovered roughly 10% below that of the Barkhamsted summer data (Graph 1).

A review of the Peterborough-Hancock Christmas bird count helps to explain this region’s stability during the winter months. In 2009 this Christmas count recorded 605 Blue Jays and 20 American Robins, but the same count reversed these results in 2011 with 208 Blue Jays and 795 American Robins. Since these two species are not generally regarded as direct competitors, it seems likely that prevailing weather conditions and snow cover closed some ecological niches while opening others, acting liking a conveyor belt across the entire region. Eastern Broadleaf Forest

Greenwich-Stamford (Connecticut) and Port Hope-Cobourg/ Northumberland (Ontario) represent count circles that are

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 6 Belanger located within the eastern broadleaf forest, an area primarily dominated by oak and hickory (McNab and Avers 1994). Greenwich-Stamford and Northumberland have conducted regular summer counts for many years, providing important summer data for this region. The Northumberland summer bird count data is roughly analogous to the Port Hope-Co- bourg Christmas count, and while these circles are not per- fectly aligned, they constitute very similar overlapping areas. Both circles are located on Lake Ontario, approximately 75 miles east of Toronto.

The eastern broadleaf region generated data results that broadly resembled the previous forest zone, but with less dramatic changes between summer and winter. Summer count evenness averaged 77% for both counts, dropping roughly 6% in Connecticut and 10% in Ontario during Christ- mas counts. And while both count circles featured Christmas data that was less stable than those of the previous forest region, they continued to demonstrate a distinctly definable pattern that seems to characterize inland sites (Table 2). These broadleaf results seem to reflect an intermediate zone between the well-defined pattern of the northern forest and the more variable coastal areas. Coastal Locations

Cape May (New Jersey) and Nantucket (Massachusetts) are two coastal pine barren count circles (Lull 1968) that consistently exhibit high numbers of species on the Christmas bird count. The Cape May circle is located on the tip of a peninsula, while the Nantucket count takes place on an offshore island. Summer data is lacking for these circles, but it appears likely that these counts would generate data that demonstrate the same stability as the previous two forest zones. None of the summer data gathered for this review deviated from this pattern, and there is little reason to think that it would.

However, coastal Christmas count data has proven to be highly variable (Graph 2). The reasons for this are uncertain, Short-Range Migratory Strategies 7 but appear to be related to the adjacency of a major migratory pathway. These coastal locations, warmed by off-shore currents and benefitting from estuarine biomass, seem to become refuges for stressed or vagrant migrants. In other words, if inland sites can be compared to a conveyor belt, these coastal locations appear to act like sponges that absorb transient species.

The Cape May count is located on the mainland and represents the more stable of the two coastal circles, with an evenness index that ranged from 57% to 71%. Cape May volatility is best reflected by the American Robin, which totaled 17,184 individuals during 2009, 4,245 during 2010 and 27,883 during 2011. Nantucket is an island that exhibited even more volatility, featuring an evenness index that swung wildly from 44% to 70%. In addition to stray migratory transients, Nantucket regularly exhibited profound changes in waterfowl numbers. By way of example, this count recorded 3,718 Common Eiders during 2010, with a dramatic increase to 47,020 for 2011. Conclusions

The summer counts shown above demonstrate remarkable stability with regard to the Shannon-Wiener and evenness indexes, even as the number of species changed each year. This is hardly surprising, since territorial breeding behavior tends to space family groups rather uniformly over the landscape during the summer. And while this summer circle data is admittedly limited, it clearly illustrates this territorial breeding pattern and reflects the effectiveness of the small volunteer groups that gathered this data.

In addition, while inland Christmas counts showed a dramatic drop in the number of species, these regions also reflected a surprising level of evenness stability. None of the Christ- mas counts exhibited the same stability as summer circles, but all of the Christmas inland sites continued to maintain a definable pattern. The transitional-northern hardwood forest was the most stable during winter, but the eastern broadleaf

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 8 Belanger forest also generated similar results. Winter populations in these forests have seen the departure of their neotropic and other long-distance migrants, leaving a scattered collection of short-distance migrants, winter irruptives and resident populations. This remaining avian biodiversity seems capable of distributing itself relatively evenly over the landscape during winter, even in the absence of territorial behavior.

This would help to explain why so many individuals linger well to the north during some winters, even as the main body of a species has departed. Rather than taking a direct southern beeline to a predetermined point, the short-range migratory pattern appears to be a discretionary cross-action sweep of existing biomass, slowly scrubbing its way southward across wetlands and river valleys. Many of these species seem to pile up along the coast, often during stressful climat- ic conditions, but at other times for no apparent reason.

While many such coastal locations have long been known to be vital refitting stops for regular migrants and naviga- tionally-challenged vagrants, they also appear to represent important refuges for species that have seen their winter niches become crowded or closed. Further southern movement of these species is always possible, but seems to be a choice of last resort, and only once the coastline locations become overburdened. As such, locations such as Cape May and Nantucket constitute important regional safety valves for entire avian populations, minimizing the distance that many short-range migrants must travel during harsh winters. References Cited

BirdSource website. n.d. Christmas Bird Count Data. Retrieved June 15, 2012 from http://www.audubon.org/bird/cbc Short-Range Migratory Strategies 9 Heywood, V.H. (editor) 1995 Global Biodiversity Assessment. United Nations En- vironment Programme. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Lull, H.W. 1968 A Forest Atlas of the Northeast, USDA Forest Ser- vice, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, Upper Darby, PA McNab, W. Henry and Peter E. Avers 1994 Ecological Subregions of the United States: Section Descriptions, USDA Forest Service, Ecosystem Man- agement, Washington, D.C. Shannon, C.E. 1948 A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell Sys- tem Technical Journal, Volume 27, pp 379 - 656. Willow Beach Field Naturalist website. n.d. Northumberland Summer Bird Count Data. Retrieved January 10, 2012 from http://www.willow- beachfieldnaturalists.org/SummerBirdCounts/Sum- mer Zeranski, Joseph and Patrick Comins 2011 The 2011 Summer Bird Count. The Connecticut War- bler: A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology, Volume 31, Number 4, pp 142 - 152. 2010 The 2010 Summer Bird Count. The Connecticut War- bler: A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology, Volume 30, Number 4, pp 146 - 156. 2009 The 2009 Summer Bird Count. The Connecticut War- bler: A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology, Volume 29, Number 4, pp 132 - 142. 2008 The 2008 Summer Bird Count. The Connecticut War- bler: A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology, Volume 28, Number 4, pp 140 - 150. 2007 The 2007 Summer Bird Count. The Connecticut War- bler: A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology, Volume 27, Number 4, pp 130 - 144.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 NOTES ON BEHAVIOR, STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION The Value of Tree Seeds for Birds in Winter

For many years I have been observing the feeding habits of wild birds. The book American Wildlife & Plants by Martin, Zim & Nelson is a goldmine on wildlife food habits, and this has been my guide. It seemed, however, to have some omis- sions, but of course it was written in 1957 so that’s expected. I now use the computer, which is more convenient and up to date, but still not always complete. I still find personal observations to be the best source of knowledge for much of wildlife, and this article is based on them.

One species I have studied more than any other has been the Dark-eyed Junco. This bird is an easy subject for me, for they feed here in Harwinton all winter and nest nearby, so I get to see them all year.

Through the years I have observed many plant species they feed on, and their utilization of tree seeds is especially interesting to me. During the winter, juncos can often be seen gleaning tree seeds that have fallen onto the snow’s surface, and just by looking there you find out what they have been feeding on. Examples include Birch (Yellow, White, Black) Hemlock, and I suspect Pine, Tamarack, and other tree seeds as well as weed seeds.

Last winter I observed two White-throated Sparrows and six Dark eyed Juncos feeding together from the top of a Black Birch tree (Betula lenta) on the cone catkins, extracting seeds plus dispensing others onto the snow below, where many more birds were feeding on this bounty. Other bird species that have been documented feeding on these tree seeds are: Ruffed Grouse, Black-capped Chickadee, Purple Finch, Com- mon Redpoll, Pine Siskin, Fox Sparrow, Tree Sparrow, and I can also add Red-winged Blackbird. Though weed seeds are used heavily by our winter visitors, some birds will also take advantage of the abundant tree seeds when available. Paul Carrier 10 Notes on Behavior, Status and Distribution 11 Dark-eyed Junco’s Defense of Ground Feeding Areas Against Other Juncos

I did this study mainly in the winter of 2010, but have also compared it with what I discovered and documented during other winters since. During the winter, my bird feeders in Harwinton attract many Dark eyed Juncos, which overwin- ter. I often see distinctively marked birds that return again for many winters.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 12 Carrier I often wondered how they feed from the ground near others of their own kind, yet seem to do it with little harassment or fighting. So I began to observe their feeding habits. After the winter snows and cold have settled in, usually just after the first of the year, seemed to be the best time to investigate this subject. With the more males over wintering here in the Northeast and fewer females, which winter more regularly farther to the south, I found the conflicts between males and females less frequent and less aggressive on average. I will deal more with encounters between males.

Juncos feed communally during the winter. They feed together at seed-rich areas, be it wild or domestic. Most of the wild feeding areas are less concentrated than under bird feeders, so encounters with other juncos are probably less frequent in the wild. Most of the seed consumed at our feeders is concentrated on the ground or snow under them, or occasionally from what we throw out on the snow. In order to feed there successfully, each bird needs its own space. This is where the problems occur. Fighting for personal space consumes time and caloric energy, and these are neither prudent nor useful for a full stomach to last the cold night ahead. Each bird must compromise its chosen space to the encroachment of others, but there is a limit. My observations suggest that limit is usually the same for all individuals.

I have found, on average, each bird will tolerate no less than being a full bird’s length apart from the next, and when an adjacent bird comes too close or crosses this imaginary space, signals are given to stay away. As seen in the illustration, I have circled out an average space each bird will occupy and not tolerate intrusion from another. This area is usually equal around the bird, but can be adjusted a bit at will (see A). So how does one signal its disapproval to another yet avoid an energy-expending encounter? Most often they will flash or expose their white outer tail feathers, warning the encroach- ing bird they are becoming concerned. Most seem to heed this warning, but sometimes not. At this time they tend to continue feeding but will tail flash even more, exposing more white than previously.(see B). Notes on Behavior, Status and Distribution 13 In conclusion, the closer an adjacent bird comes to another’s area, the more white they expose and usually with more vigorous flashing. If this does not work, a head-to-head fight might occur, or one of the two birds will eventually fly off. I found there are some variations to this, but on average this is what I have noticed through the years here at my feeders. When an area is too small to accommodate all birds seeking food, it is the yearlings that have to adjust. The more dominant older males take priority, with the few adult females second. The rest must then search for seed in the less satu- rated spots, which include the perimeter of the popular spill zone. Also utilized are another feeder’s spill coverage or even a feeder itself. These, however, are not the prime productive areas, and it takes much more time for the birds to get their daily rations of seed than at the prime spots. Paul Carrier

How would a junco like this fare in defense of a winter food source? This Dark-eyed Junco in aberrant plumage was photographed by Dennis Larkin in Sherman.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 CONNECTICUT FIELD NOTES

Summer, June 1 to July 31, 2013

By Greg Hanisek

The heart of the summer, the pulse of Connecticut’s bird life, centers on our breeding species. Of special interest this summer was the expansion, after a long wait, of our small, iso- lated breeding population of Boat-tailed Grackles. In habitat far-removed from the grackles’ seaside outposts, Sandhill Cranes continued to tease us, and Mississippi Kites remained present but elusive.

Although it’s our shortest season, summer is arguably the most complex, with birds coming, going and just hanging around. As always this report in divided into four sections to recognize this reality. Not surprisingly, some of the most exciting, if not the most significant, observations fall under Lingerers, Wanderers and Strays. This year’s goodies include Swallow-tailed Kite, Black-necked Stilt and White-winged Dove.

For more information about the summer season, see the summary and charts of the state’s Summer Bird Counts in the October Connecticut Warbler (Vol. 33 No. 4).

Northbound migration Bonaparte’s Gull feeding in the marsh at Milford Point Two Red-throated Loons was seasonally unexpected were an interesting sight and probably still north- migrating over downtown bound June 1 (FG). Another Hartford on June 5 (PCi). A was at Bantam Lake, Litch- Red Knot was still northfield, on June 8 (JMa). Black- bound on June 14 at Sandy billed Cuckoo reports from Point, West Haven (JOs). Naugatuck (PDn), East Had- Two Western Sandpipers, dam (DR), Stonington (DW) very rare in spring but usu- and Guilford (MD) June 2-4 ally quite late when they suggested a widespread ar- make an appearance, were at rival. It apparently involved Sandy Point June 14 (RP). A

14 Connecticut Field Notes 15 both species, because Yellow- single Pine Siskin visited billed Cuckoos were re- a Goshen feeder on June 9 ported on June 5 from Bolton (KF). In Sterling, a single (EH), Avon (SSh) and Essex Pine Siskin on June 9 marked (DW) and on June 6 in Kill- 252 straight days, going back ingworth (JHi). A Common to fall 2012, that the species Nighthawk over Meriden on was present at feeders (RD). June 5 was probably a late migrant (PCo). A singing Southbound migration Tennessee Warbler was very An American Avocet made late June 15 at Lion’s Head, a very cooperative stop at Salisbury (PDn). Mourning Sandy Point, West Haven, on Warblers were at Osborne- July 21 (TT et al.). Likely the dale State Park, Derby, on same one was photographed June 8 (RH) and in Sharon July 24 at Milford Point by the same day along with a a seasonal wildlife intern Blackpoll Warbler (KF). A (fide CB). A juvenile Upland

Julian Hough photo This stunning American Avocet delighted a group of birders on July 21 at Sandy Point in West Haven.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 16 Hanisek Sandpiper, a species seldom (FM). seen away from its few state breeding sites, was at Rocky A Chimney Swift roost in Hill Meadows July 21 (BA). Willimantic held c. 260 on The first Whimbrel report July 2 (DR). A Purple Martin came from Sandy Point on roost on a Phragmites island July 22 (RS). A foray along in the lower Connecticut the coast from West Haven River off Essex, which peaks to Old Lyme on July 1 turned at over 1000 birds in late up a seasonally impressive August, held several hun- 12 species of shorebirds, dred on July 31 (HG). This some of them breeders and is presumably the largest summering non-breeders, concentration in New Eng- but with the following likely land. Swallows are known southbound migrants: one for early departures, so a Semipalmated Plover, seven Cliff Swallow on July 12 in Least Sandpipers and six Milford, far from any known Short-billed Dowitchers, breeding sites, was probably including at least three of the on the move (PDe). hendersoni subspecies. Note- Lingerers, wanderers and worthy among those appar- strays ent lingerers was an adult Dunlin in breeding plum- Single Ring-necked Ducks age (NB). The first Pectoral were unseasonable June 22 Sandpiper was noted July 17 on the Farm River in East at Milford Point (PDe). Semi- Haven (BD) and July 15 at palmated Sandpiper num- Mansfield Hollow Reservoir bers had reached 3500 by in North Windham (PR). An July 23 at Milford Point (FM). adult Greater Scaup sum- An adult Stilt Sandpiper was mered at HBSP (RS et al.), clearly on the move on July and a White-winged Scoter 20 at Milford Point (NB), and summered off Westport two were at HBSP the same (TG). A Long-tailed Duck day (RS). Stratford Marina was at Greenwich Point on held 123 Short-billed Dow- June 27 (CEh), and two were itchers, including six hender- at Sandy Point, West Haven, soni, on July 22-23 (FM), and on July 1 (NB). A Bufflehead the first Long-billed Dow- summered in Westbrook itcher was there on July 24 (CL), and one was in the Connecticut Field Notes 17

Michael Eddy photo This Swallow-tailed Kite was a stirring sight over Griswold on June 2.

Quinnipiac River marshes in Lyme on June 4 (fide HG). A New Haven on June 22 (CL). Common Gallinule made Three Red-breasted Mergan- one the species’ patented sers were at Milford Point on enigmatic appearances on July 3 (FM), and four were June 10 in the Great Mead- at HBSP on July 22 (DR). A ows salt marsh at McKinney Little Blue Heron did some National Wildlife Refuge in post-breeding wandering to Stratford (MB). An Ameri- a beaver pond in Litchfield can Coot was out of season July 10-11 (MK). Two adult and alone July 9 at a pond in Black-crowned Night-Herons Ridgefield (JOl). Two Black- were far up the Connecticut necked Stilts were present River in Wethersfield on July one day only on June 20 at 29 (PCi). Great Island in Old Saybrook (fide JOg). A Stilt Sandpiper A Swallow-tailed Kite in non-breeding plumage at seen and photographed HBSP on the in-between date over Pachaug State Forest, of June 24 may have been a Griswold, on June 2 was bird that never made it to the an exciting find (ME). Pos- breeding grounds (GH). A sibly the same bird was Bonaparte’s Gull was at Long seen flying over northern Beach, Stratford, on July 28

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 18 Hanisek (DCp). A first-summer Lesser in Madison on two occa- Black-backed Gull was an sions in mid-July (fide KM). atypical mid-summer find A White-winged Dove was July 5 at Sandy Point (NB). a great find in a residential Single Caspian Terns were neighborhood in Stratford at Barn Island, Stonington, on July 12-15 (FM et al.). A on June 4 (CEl et al.) and at Merlin was interesting July Sandy Point, West Haven, 16 at Barn Island, but cer- on July 17 (PDe). A Com- tainly not unexpected given mon Tern was unexpected the species recent south- inland on June 14 at Batter- ward range expansion into son Pond, Farmington (PCi). neighboring states (CEl). A subadult Forster’s Tern, a A Western Kingbird, the species more common in the state’s second spring record, post-breeding period, was at was photographed at Barn the Housatonic River mouth Island, Stonington, on June 4 in Stratford on June 17 (FM (CEl et al.). The season’s only et al.). At least four Royal Blue Grosbeak turned up at Terns were off Old Saybrook a park in Columbia on June on July 5 (AG); singles were 4 (JMe). A Red Crossbill, a at Milford Point on July 9-10 species noted for nomadic (FM, SG); at HBSP on July 13 movements, was at Benedict (JMa); and at Sandy Point on Pond in Norfolk on July 27 July 18 (DR). A high count of (RS). Since there were no nine Black Skimmers rested other reports, the species’ on a sandbar at Milford Point penchant for far-flung nest- at high tide on June 14 (PW). ing apparently didn’t come Despite numerous sightings into play. of multiple birds, primarily at Milford Point, there were The breeding season no signs of breeding again A pair of Northern Shovelers this season. One was unex- lingered into June at HBSP, pected on a mud flat at Holly raising hope of nesting, Pond, Stamford, on July 22- but no breeding evidence 23 (PDu, SMu). was found (CR et al.) Three A Red-headed Woodpecker female-type Common Eiders was present throughout were seen from the New July at a feeder in Simsbury London-Orient, N.Y., ferry (GK). One visited feeders July 15 in Connecticut wa- Connecticut Field Notes 19

Frank Mantlik photo These two Sandhill Cranes were on a private property in Colebrook on July 8. The property owner believed they nested nearby, but his property was too close to the Massachusetts line to surmise which state might have hosted them. ter (FM). They’re breeding in the season, along with the close enough to our state to multiple-year presence of be hopefully placed in this hybrids, makes them legiti- category. An adult Tricolored mate entries in this category. Heron visited Milford Point A single adult Little Blue X on June 1 (FG); one was seen Tricolored Heron summered at Barn Island, Stonington, at HBSP (JC m.ob.). A strong June 1-8 (RR, DR); and one population of Little Blue was at the Salt Meadow unit Herons, such as 11 at Salt of McKinney National Wild- Meadow on July 25 (CEk), life Refuge in Westbrook suggests additional instances on July 21 (DCi). Although of hybridization are a pos- no evidence of breeding sibility. by Tricolored Herons was noted, their presence early Numerous Mississippi Kite sightings were made in July

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 20 Hanisek

Mark Szantyr photo

Mark Szantyr photo Connecticut Field Notes 21 Boat-tailed Grackles Nest at Hammonasset

Connecticut's long-standing Boat-tailed Grackle colony on the edge of the Great Mead- ows in Stratford occupies a mosquito-infested area of thickets at McKinney Nation- al Wildlife Refuge. The area is closed to the public but would be difficult to access were it open. Thus it came as a surprise that when this southern species finally nested at another state location in 2013, the pair chose an iso- lated tree in a heavily visited Jim Carr photo picnic area at Hammonassett Beach State Park in Madison (see photo at upper left). At lower left is a close view of the nest, which was well hidden among heavy foliage high in the tree. Above, two young grackles are seen out of the nest. To the left, the female is seen feeding berries to one of the youngsters. The female also was seen feeding Sea- side Dragonlets, a species of small dragonfly, to the young while they were in the nest. The dragonflies were apparently caught in their teneral state, when Jim Carr photo they first emerge as adults. In this stage they are soft and slow-moving.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 22 Hanisek at or not far from Great Pond pected, but the area is close State Forest in Simsbury, a to the Massachusetts line, so spot where breeding has oc- if breeding occurred it could curred in the past. However, have been in either state (JA, we’re unaware there was m.ob.). A banded American ever a sighting of more than Oystercatcher in June at Barn one bird at a time this sum- Island, Stonington, was the mer. No nest was found (PCi first from a Massachusetts et al.). Three Soras, a scarce project to be found in Con- species during the breeding necticut (SMr fide CEl). season, were calling in a wet field in the Station 43 area of After the early June migra- South Windsor on June 20 tory push noted above, both (PCi). At least two Sandhill cuckoos were widely report- Cranes were seen regularly ed through the month and during the season ranging into July, including four Yel- around Norfolk and Cole- low-billed Cuckoos at Trout brook. Breeding was sus- Brook Valley in Weston

Mark Szantyr photo American Bitterns breed in marshes scattered around Northwest Connecticut, but they're hard to locate. This one was on Cobble Road in Canaan in mid-June Connecticut Field Notes 23 on June 15 (JP) and four at seldom seen during breeding Walden Preserve in Salem season, was singing on ter- on July 29 (DP). A Common ritory in late July in farm- Nighthawk, found for the land in Watertown (GH). A eighth consecutive year on a Grasshopper Sparrow was Summer Bird Count in New a heartening find on July Haven, may represent the 27 at Suffield Wildlife Man- state’s last breeding site (LB). agement Area in Suffield, The state’s explosive Com- where an American Kestrel mon Raven population can’t and an Eastern Meadowlark spread any farther south and were seen on July 15 (PDe). west than Greenwich, where The state DEEP is trying to up to three were present establish grassland species at in early June with breed- this site. With few Bobolinks ing suspected (MSa). Inland left in Fairfield County, 18 nesting by Purple Martins were noteworthy on June remains rare, so a partly 16 at Holcombe Hill Wild- occupied house in Portland life Preserve in Newtown in June (LN) and a pair at (PDu,WK). At the Windham Mudge Pond in Sharon on Airport/Mansfield Hol- June 9 were noteworthy (FB). low Reservoir area in North Added to the state’s scat- Windham on July 15, eight tered Cliff Swallow breed- Eastern Meadowlarks in two ing sites were a few nests groups included six recently under the eaves of a grocery fledged juveniles (PR). Those store in New Hartford (PCa). kinds of numbers are seldom Two Golden-crowned King- reported anywhere in the lets, sparsely distributed as state anymore. Two male breeders in primarily planted and one female Boat-tailed Norway spruce groves, were Grackles were noted at HBSP in Canton in early June (PCi). on June 5 (PF). Eventually, A Lawrence’s Warbler, first a pair fledged three young seen in May at Viney Hill from a tree nest in the picnic Brook Park in Essex, re- area at Meigs Point, the first mained on territory through confirmed nesting away from June (DW), and one was at the New England region’s Eisenhower Park in Milford only colony at Stratford (SR on June 15 (FG). et al.). The young were out of the nest during the last week A Vesper Sparrow, a species

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 24 Hanisek of July (m.ob.). Three Purple Frank Gallo, Hank Golet, Finches were at a Sterling Sean Graesser, Tina Green, feeder June 1, and the spe- Andy Griswold, Tony Hager, cies’ continuing presence Greg Hanisek, Ernie Harris, through the season included Roy Harvey, John Himmel- a juvenile on June 19 (RD). man (JHi), Julian Hough One was at a New Milford (JHo), Jay Kaplan, Marie feeder June 11 (AD). Kennedy, Gil Kleiner, Wendy Knothe, Chis Loscalzo, Frank Observers: John Ander- Mantlik, John Marshall son, Bill Asteriades, Da- (JMa), Jamie Meyers (JMe), vid Babington, Bill Banks, Keith Mueller, Sean Murphy Charles Barnard, Fred (SMr), Sean Murtha (SMu), Baumgarten, Larry Bauscher, Larry Nichols, John Ogren Nick Bonomo, Milan Bull, (JOg), Jane Olsen (JOl), John Dana Campbell (DCa), Oshlick (JOs), Richard Payne, Donna Caporaso (DCp), Jim Dave Provencher, James Carr, Paul Carrier (PCa), Purcell, Charlie Rafford, Paul Cianfaglione (PCi), Shirely Rafford, Ron Rosza, Dan Cimbaro (DCi), Pat- Dan Rottino, Trudy Rot- rick Comins (PCo), Peter tino, Phil Rusch, Meredith DeGennaro (PDn), Barb Sampson (MSa), Mark Scott DeRienzo, Paul Desjardins (MSc), Russ Smiley, Susanne (PDe), Mike DiGiorgio, Shrader (SSh), Steve Spector Angela Dimmitt, Robert (SSp), Mark Szantyr (MSz), Dixon, Patrick Dugan (PDu), Timothy Thompson, Dorothy Michael Eddy, Carl Ekroth Wadlow, Glenn Williams, (CEk), Chris Elphick (CEl), Paul Wolter, Sara Zagorski, Cynthia Ehlinger (CEh), Roy Zartarian, Fran Zyg- Kevin Finnan, Paul Fusco, mont. A PICTURE IS WORTH A

THOUSAND BIRDS! A Saga of Knowing What You Know VS Seeing What You Are Looking At. Or When you Assume, You make……. ( you know the rest). By Mark S. Szantyr

Figure 1 The Mystery Bird photographed 8 August 2010 in Noank by Mark Szantyr. Find its identity in the April issue of The Connecticut Warbler The advent of popularly priced digital SLR cameras has made documentation of rare birds much easier than it has been in the past. These cameras are so smart, so forgiving, that even if you do everything wrong, it is likely that you will come up with an identifiable image. That being said, Greg Hanisek and I were talking one night and we hatched a plan. Let’s offer a very well exposed, extremely sharp image of a very common bird in a less than ideal pose, but an image that

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 25 26 Szantyr gives a lot of identification information, and see how many birders can get it right. We did this in the wake of a rash of shorebird photos on the web that caused an international tsunami of mistaken identifications, ID dogma, vitriol, and lunacy.

I had a photo that I thought would be a good choice. I showed it to Greg and he agreed that it was the one. The fact that he had a modicum of difficulty with the identification at first made it all the better for us. Greg published the photo in his natural history blog provided under the auspices of the Republican-American Newspaper in Waterbury, Connecti- cut. He offered very little support information, just that the bird was photographed in Connecticut and that I was both diabolical and cruel. While true, I didn’t believe that this identification challenge would be as hard as it proved to be.

The answers (let’s call them guesses) came in and the list of species and genera involved grew and grew. I was gob- smacked by the range of possibilities being offered. The bird in the photograph is one of the most common birds in North America. My friend David Irons, a birder from Oregon with deep experience in bird identification and distribution, says that this species is “the most mis-identified bird in North America”. Quite a claim but after this I think he might be right.

Leading contenders in the identification were immature Black-crowned Night-Heron and immature or female Green- winged Teal. The bird in the photograph is a passerine. How could the size and structure of this bird be so mis-inter- preted?

References were made to the large, flat, duck-like bill. No bill is visible in the photograph. Many people talked about the thick legs yet no one spoke about the one exposed passerine- like toe. The tail, while mostly obscured, does show a deci- pherable basal shape and allusion to structure, none of which were right for a duck or a heron. It was thought that the bird was sitting on large rocks. If you look at the grain in the A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Birds! 27 rocks, the scale of the grain compared to the size of the rocks might suggest that the rocks are not quite that big.

So how does this happen? How often does it happen? Are we all ( and I include myself in this question) so rarities crazy that we see what we want to see rather than what is right in front of us? If only provided a quick glimpse of a bird, perhaps it is more understandable, though no positive ID should be made on this kind of sighting. The annals of birding leg- end are full of situations where the first wishful identification started all observers down a garden path that resulted in a lemming-like plummet into the sea of OOPS! I am reminded of a Smith’s Longspur in California, a Northern Hobby in New York, a Little Egret in Connecticut, and oh so many other subsequent heartbreaking moments in birding. We all go over the edge not only willingly but gleefully, basking in the golden sunlight of one more twitch on the lifelist. How quickly sunlight can turn into sunburn!

Figure 2 Immature Black-crowned Night-Heron for comparison. Photographed by Mark S. Szantyr

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 1, January 2014 PHOTO CHALLENGE

The bird is a bit skulky, but the small size, thin pointed bill and slender proportions point to a warbler. It doesn't seem to have any really distinctive features (a clue in itself) and it's not giving very good looks, but you manage to snap a few pictures. Checking the images later, you're still not seeing anything really distinctive and prepare for a long search through all of your references. You decide to start with your Sibley field guide, and one of his succinct summaries under Mourning Warbler proves a real eye-opener: narrow broken eye ring, yellow throat, yellowish supraloral (area above and in front of eye) and faint broken breast band. They're all there once David told you what to look for. Duncan Stewart photographed this immature Mourning Warbler on Sept. 14, 2013, at Hammonasset Beach State Park in Madison.

Photo Challenge No. 84

28 THE CONNECTICUT WARBLER Editor Greg Hanisek - 175 Circuit Ave., Waterbury, CT 06708 (203) 754-4401 email: [email protected] Departments Editorial Advisory Board Feature Articles Site Guides Louis Bevier Robert A. Askins Arnold Devine William Davis George A. Clark, Jr. Dwight Smith John Kricher Field Notes Photo Challenge Wayne Petersen Greg Hanisek Julian Hough Frank Mantlik Layout/Production Bird Counts Manny Merisotis Steve Broker Neil Currie Joseph Zeranski

The Connecticut Warbler (ISSN 1077-0283) is devoted to the study of birds and their conservation in Connecticut and is published quarterly (January, April, July, and October) by the Connecticut Ornithological Association. Send manuscripts to the Editor. Please type double spaced with ample margins, on one side of a sheet. Submit a copy on a computer disk, if possible. Style should follow usage in recent issues. All manuscripts receive peer review. Illustrations and photographs are needed and welcome. Line art of Con- necticut and regional birds should be submitted as good quality prints or in original form. All submitted materials will be returned. We can use good quality photographs of birds unaccompanied by an article but with caption including species, date, locality, and other pertinent information. CONNECTICUT ORNITHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION President: Tina Green, 188 Imperial Avenue, Westport, CT 06880 Vice-President: Kathy Van Der Aue, 762 Mill Hill Road, Southport, CT 06890 Secretary: Steve Broker, 50 Hidden Place, Cheshire, 06410 Treasurer: Fred Schroeder, 215 Lonetown Road, Redding, CT 06896 Assistant Treasurer: Jack Wells, 103 Sheephill Road, Riverside, CT 06878 Chairman Rare Records: Jay Kaplan, 71 Gracey Road, Canton, CT 06019 Board of Directors (terms ending) 2014 2015 2016 Renee Baade Robert Dixon Ken Elkins Jan Collins Denise Jernigan Steve Mayo Patrick Comins Frank Mantlik Steve Morytko Jim Dugan John Marshall Keith Mueller Chris Loscalzo Larry Reiter Lisa Wahle Tom Robben Sara Zagorski Paul Wolter

Membership, including subscription to The Connecticut Warbler and COA Bul- letin, is based on a calendar year and is renewable in January: Student, $15.00; Individual, $25.00; Family, $35.00; Contributing, $50.00; Donor, $75.00, Benefac- tor, $100. Life is $1000.00, payable in three annual installments. Send membership application, dues, change of address, and checks payable to: Connecticut Ornithological Association, 314 Unquowa Road, Fairfield, CT 06430. Connecticut Ornithological Association 314 Unquowa Road Printed at Yale University Fairfield, CT 06824 Non-Profit Org. www.ctbirding.org U.S. Postage – Address Service Requested – PAID New Haven CT Volume 34, No 1, 2014 Permit No. 526

Short-Range Migratory Strategies Joseph Belanger...... 1 Notes on Behavior, Status and Distribution Paul Carrier ...... 10 Connecticut Field Notes Greg Hanisek...... 14 A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Birds Mark Szantyr ...... 25

Photo Challenge ...... 28 THE CONNECTICUT WARBLER A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology

Volume 34 No. 2 April 2014 Pages 29-72 The Connecticut Warbler A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology Volume 34, Number 2 April 2014 CONTENTS 29 Mabel Osgood Wright Award

31 Nineteenth Report of the Avian Records Committee of Connecticut Jay Kaplan and Greg Hanisek 47 2013 Fall Hawk Watch Steve Mayo 57 Connecticut Field Notes Greg Hanisek 71 A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Birds

72 Photo Challenge

ON THE COVER

Brown Booby

Andrew Dasinger captured 2013’s most exciting find, the state’s first documented Brown Booby, by placing it on the bow of a Long Island Sound oyster boat with the Pecks Ledge light in Norwalk Harbor in the background. MABEL OSGOOD WRIGHT AWARD 2013: To Dennis Varza

Milan Bull presented the following at the 29th annual meeting of the Connecticut Ornithological Association on March 23, 2013.

In the mid 1970’s Carl Trichka (later to become the first Edi- tor of the Connecticut Warbler) had just obtained his master banding permit and he, myself and Dennis Varza rejuve- nated the old bird banding station begun in the 1930s by Frank Novak at Birdcraft Museum in Fairfield. Together, we banded hundreds of migrants that stopped by this “vest pocket” sanctuary in downtown Fairfield, as well as birds from dozens of other sites around the state. (Some of you may remember the Sharp-tailed Sandpiper that Dennis banded in Norwalk about that time).

In the fall of 1979, the three of us were sitting around a table near Hawk Mountain waiting for the weather to clear so we could get a look at the raptor migration from the north lookout. We were talking bird banding and wondered if there were many other active banders in the state and what their interest and research might be.

So we obtained a list of CT banders from DEP and were somewhat astounded to learn that there were 37 licensed banders in the state. That seemed to be a big number to us in those days. We thought it would be interesting to contact these folks and compare notes so we considered put- ting together a newsletter/bulletin that would be of interest to banders around the state. Originally, we thought about limiting the publication to banding information and related bird projects, but Dennis realized it had broader implications and so the idea grew into an ornithological journal format that included all CT projects concerning birds as well as field notes, etc.

In the beginning (the first Connecticut Warbler was published in January, 1981) the publication was funded by the Connecticut Audubon Society, but soon after we formed a separate more inclusive, not-for-profit organization called the

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 29 30 Connecticut Ornithological Association. The first Editorial Board was comprised of some past and present ornithology leaders whom you may know or remember: George Clark, Paul Desjardins, Bob Dewire, Frank Gardiner, Art Gingert, Gordon Loery, Noble Proctor and Fred Sibley. Carl served as Managing Editor and I was the Director and Technical Edi- tor. Dennis put it all together, contacting potential authors and contributors, twisting the arms of potential editors, and otherwise getting the new association up on its feet. It all seems like yesterday.

He has played an important role in the understanding and conservation of birds in CT ever since.

Dennis graduated from Shippensburg State College in Penn- sylvania and did his graduate work at LSU where he earned a MS in Zoology and went on to the University of Oklahoma where he studied aquatic ecology. He has worked for the Connecticut Audubon Society and also DEP as a contract biologist, gathering data on everything from shorebirds to Red-headed Woodpeckers.

Dennis wrote the Field Notes section of the Connecticut War- bler for several years before Clay Taylor took it over and he also put together the first summary of CT Christmas counts before Fred Sibley. A major contributor to CW with dozens of articles (21 articles published from 1980-1990 alone) Dennis more recently has been cataloging bird records from many sources – over 100,000 sightings since the 1830’s.

Dennis sees the bigger ornithological picture and is most in- terested in patterns rather than individual sightings. His 300 plus “Southport sightings” and other observations is a start at data acquisition that over time will provide scientists with useful predictability patterns that will benefit conservation.

I could go on, but now let me please present the 2013 Mabel Osgood Wright award to my long-time friend and colleague Dennis Varza.

Editors Note; After a long battle with cancer, Dennis passed on Dec. 29, 2013, at the age of 59. NINETEENTH REPORT OF THE AVIAN RECORDS COMMITTEE OF CONNECTICUT By Jay Kaplan and Greg Hanisek

This is the 19th report of the Avian Records Committee of Connecticut (ARCC).

With the help of numerous board members, as well as stu- dents and staff from the University of Connecticut, all previous paper records and reports have now been archived at the university in Storrs in digital form. Additional work remains to be completed with regard to organizing the files and more recent digital reports prior to making them available to the public. However, there is now light at the end of what has been a very long tunnel, and the authors appreciate the efforts of all those who were involved with this project.

In the last report (see the Eighteenth Report of the Avian Re- cords Committee of Connecticut, Vol. 33 No. 2), it was noted that in spite of the severity of “superstorm” Sandy in late Oc- tober of 2012, no new birds were added to Connecticut’s State List. This year four birds were added, bringing the State List to 435. One of these birds has not been observed in the state over the past two decades, while another has not been seen in Connecticut since the 19th century.

As discussed in previous reports, the Avian Records Com- mittee welcomes the opportunity to view what are termed “historical” records, including records that may be one hundred or more years old. One such record is that of a Fieldfare, an Old World thrush. A specimen, tracked down at Chicago’s Field Museum by former committee member Louis Bevier, was labeled Stratford, Connecticut where the bird was reportedly collected in 1878. It is often difficult to find additional information on these long ago specimens, and committee members have voted to accept the bird with the addendum “origin uncertain.” At that time, birds were heavily collected and specimens were often traded, sold and

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 31 32 Kaplan and Hanisek bartered as young boys of a later generation might have done with prized baseball cards. While Bevier found compel- ling evidence that the bird was of wild origin, this cannot be known with 100% certainty, hence the “origin uncertain” appellation.

A second bird from years past is a Jackdaw that was found in West Haven in 1988. Although this bird’s identity was never in question, the committee at that time felt that a leg injury suggested captive origin. During that period, there were a number of Jackdaw records from the Northeast, but little was known about Jackdaws and their movements. Over the years, more information on these birds has been compiled, and members of the committee, led by Frank Gallo, reviewed all of it, including the notation of a Jackdaw with an injured leg from Maine. Based on new evidence, the Jackdaw was accepted to the state list. Older files may be re-opened by a request from a committee member should new information become available, even if it happens many years later.

The other new additions to the State List are from 2013: a Brown Booby that alighted on boats in the western part of Long Island Sound and a Black-chinned Hummingbird that visited a yard in Fairfield for more than a week, allowing a large contingent of birders to view, photograph, and take notes on its feeding behaviors and flight patterns.

Of the many records reviewed by the committee this year, one record that was not accepted is noteworthy for the unusual circumstances surrounding it. A Le Conte’s Sparrow, or rather a portion of a Le Conte’s Sparrow, was retrieved from a Connecticut airport. Subsequent DNA analysis provided the identification, but there was no method of deter- mining where the bird collided with the aircraft during this flight that originated out of state.

COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP

At its meeting, the committee stood at nine active members, and bylaws allow for 10 to 12. The committee moved that Jacob Musser of New Haven and Phil Rusch of Chaplin be ARCC Report 33 added. At its April meeting the COA Board confirmed the nominations as per ARCC bylaws. Members, in addition to the authors, who voted on records in this report were Nick Bonomo, Frank Gallo, Julian Hough, Frank Mantlik, Dave Provencher, Dave Tripp and Glenn Williams. Former members Janet Mehmel and Mark Szantyr also voted on some of the records.

STATE LIST AND REVIEW LIST

The state list now stands at 435 species, with the addition of Brown Booby, Black-chinned Hummingbird, Jackdaw and Fieldfare. The committee depends on observers to submit their reports of species on the Review List (they are species marked with an asterisk on the COA Checklist plus any species new to the state). The most recent State List and Review List can be viewed on the COA Website at www.ctbirding. org. Submit written reports along with documentary material to Jay Kaplan, ARCC chairman (address below).

FORMAT

This report continues the format of previous reports. In the case of accepted records, only observers who submitted reports are listed, with the original finder listed first followed by an asterisk. The symbol ‡ following an observer’s name indicates submission of a photo. Hyphenated numbers (e.g. 02-01) preceding the observers are the ARCC file numbers. For reopened files, an “R” follows the numbers. The species are listed in order according to the American Ornithologists’ Union (AOU) Checklist. Multiple records of a particular species are listed chronologically. Months of the year are short- ened to their first three letters.

ACCEPTED RECORDS

PACIFIC LOON (Gavia pacifica) One flew by Stonington Point on 30 Oct 2012 as “superstorm” Sandy approached. The observer, familiar with the species, included a sketch and field notes with his report (12-25 Tom Auer*). Connecticut’s first spring bird, molting into alternate plumage, was found

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 34 Kaplan and Hanisek on 18 May 2013 at the Oyster River mouth in West Haven (13-17 Frank Gallo*‡, Frank Mantlik‡). It was last seen on 20 May at Bradley Point, West Haven. An adult in basic plumage was seen on 4 Jan 2014 from a ferry inside the mouth of the Thames River between New London and Groton (14-09 Shaibal S. Mitra*). The observer, who provided a copy of his field notes, has extensive experience with the species in New York and Rhode Island waters.

WESTERN GREBE (Aechmophoros occidentalis) One was seen and identifiably photographed off Mulberry Point, Guilford, on 29-30 Apr 2013 (13-13 Sol Satin,* Ann Peterson‡). There are two previous accepted records since the 1978 split of the taxon that elevated Clark’s Grebe (Aechmophoros clarkii) to species status. Records prior to the split do not include sufficient detail to assign them to a species.

BROWN BOOBY (Sula leucogaster) One landed on an oyster boat off Westport on 23 May 2013 and was relocated later in the day off Norwalk, where it landed on boats including one piloted by one of the birders trying to find the bird (13-25 Patricia Rauscher,‡* Nick Bonomo‡, Larry Flynn‡, T. Wet- more‡). The bird was assessed from photos to be a female at least 2.5 years old based on molt and soft part colors (Peter Pyle, personal communication). An unexplained increase in reports north of the species’ normal range has resulted in at least 15 reports in the last five years from New England, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware and Ontario. There was only one in the five years before that. This represents the first documented state record. However, one was reported to have been collected in Guilford in the 19th century (Sage et al. 1913). There is no specific date associated with the report, although it was prior to 1843, and the whereabouts or existence of a specimen is unknown. It was excluded from the original state records committee report for lack of evidence, and Zeranski & Baptist (1990) also found its documentation insufficient.

YELLOW RAIL (Coturnicops noveboracensis) An experienced observer flushed one from salt marsh at Barn Island Wildlife ARCC Report 35 Management Area in Stonington on 17 Nov 2013 (13-19 Tom Auer*). The written description was supported by a sketch of the bird in flight showing the white inner secondaries.

BLACK-NECKED STILT (Himantopus mexicanus) Two were found and photographed from a kayak by a single observer on 20 Jun 2013 on the west-facing sandy shore at Great Island in Old Lyme (13-18 Dave Lester*‡).

BLACK-LEGGED KITTIWAKE (Rissa tridactyla) An adult was seen on 12 Jan 2013 on the New London to Orient, N.Y., ferry route (13-12 Patricia J. Lindsay,* Shaibal S. Mitra*). Two experienced observers who regularly travel this route provided a good description as well as documenting the bird’s presence in Connecticut waters.

MEW GULL (Larus canus) An adult in basic plumage was found on 30 Jan 2014 on the Housatonic River below the Shepaug Dam in Southbury (14-07 Patrick Comins,*‡ Frank Mantlik‡). It was seen sporadically through at least 2 Feb. Features including wing tip pattern, mantle color and head streaking are indicative of the European nominate subspecies, L. c. canus. This is the state’s second photo-documented record.

Dave Lester photo These two Black-necked Stilts were photographed from a kayak at Great Island in Old Lyme on 20 June 2013.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 36 Kaplan and Hanisek

Frank Mantlik photo This Mew Gull was a great find on the Housatonic River in Southbury on 30 January 2014. The wingtip pattern, well-displayed in this photo, helped identify it as the European subspecies. THAYER’S GULL (Larus thayeri) A first-cycle bird was found and extensively photographed on 24 Jan 2014 at the Windsor-Bloomfield landfill, the site of a number of rare gull discoveries since it became the last garbage dump accessible to the state’s birders (14-01 Patrick Comins*‡). Identification requires careful assessment of a subtle array of plumage and structural characters, a process greatly aided by a photo array.

SANDWICH TERN (Thalasseus sandvicensis) A dead hatch- year bird was picked up on the beach at Milford Point in late Aug or early Sep 2005 and taken to Yale Peabody Museum for preparation as a specimen – YPM 141912 (13-16 Frank Gallo*‡). This record had never been entered in the ARCC archive, so Gallo prepared a report that included multiple photos of the specimen. The report includes details on the likely age of the bird, as well as noting that the solid dark base of the tertials and inner wing coverts is consistent with the North American race T. s. acuflavida. This is significant because the nominate Old World taxon has been split into a separate species, although this has not yet been adopted by the American Ornithologists’ Union. Were this to happen, the North American form would probably be renamed Cabot’s Tern, a name formerly in use in North America. There are two documented North American records of the Old World ARCC Report 37 form. A bird photographed in Illinois in September 2010 is believed to represent the first record of Thalasseus sandvicensis sandvicensis. A banded Old World Sandwich Tern found and photographed at South Beach, and then at Nauset Marsh, Cape Cod, Mass. in July-August 2013 originated in the UK.

POMARINE JAEGER (Stercorarius pomarinus) An adult light morph bird was identified from a car traveling on Interstate 95 in Bridgeport on 31 Oct 2012 (13-27 Tom Johnson*). Al- though the view was brief, the observer, who has extensive experience with all three jaegers at sea and from land, was able to see the long and rounded tips of the central tail feathers characteristic of adults of this species. The observation was made in the wake of “superstorm” Sandy, when Poma- rine Jaeger was one of the signature birds displaced into the Northeast.

COMMON MURRE (Uria aalge) One in basic plumage was seen by a group of eight observers riding the New London to Orient, N.Y., ferry on 13 Jan 2014 (14-04 Frank Mantlik,* Greg Hanisek). Its presence in state waters was determined by use of GPS on a smartphone. One in alternate plumage, possibly the same one seen a month earlier, was observed on the same ferry route on 16 Feb 2014 (14-08 Shaibal S. Mitra*). The observer, a frequent ferry rider, was aware of the demarcation of the Connecticut-New York boundary, confirming that the bird was in state waters.

THICK-BILLED MURRE (Uria lomvia) An experienced observer saw one sitting on the water as the New London to Orient, N.Y., ferry passed at close range on 20 Jan 2013 (13-14 Patricia J. Lindsay*). The observer, a frequent ferry rider, was aware of the demarcation of the Connecticut-New York boundary, confirming that the bird was in state waters. One was a surprising find on 18 Jan 2014 well inside the mouth of the Housatonic River off Birdseye Boat Ramp in Stratford (14-03 Stefan Martin,*‡). Although never common, histori- cally this was the alcid most often documented or reported in state waters. Razorbill, now by far the most-often seen large alcid inside Long Island Sound, and no longer a review

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 38 Kaplan and Hanisek

Nick Bonomo photos The state's first Brown Booby made it easy for Larry Flynn during its one-day stay on 23 May 2013. When Larry went looking for it, the bird landed on his boat. Photos of the cooperative bird resulted in determination that it was a female at least 2.5 years old. ARCC Report 39 species, wasn’t accepted to the state list until 1992. Common Murre, which is now being seen more often than Thick-billed Murre, was not documented here until January 2011.

BLACK GUILLEMOT (Cepphus grylle) A long-staying bird, first found on the 1980-81 New Haven Christmas Bird Count, was seen on 19 and/or 26 Apr 1981 at the Thimble Islands off Stony Creek, Branford, by tern wardens traveling by boat to Falkner Island (14-06 Frank Gallo*). One was found off Meigs Point at Hammonasset Beach State Park in Madison on 1 Jan 14 (14-02 Dan Rottino,*‡ John Marshall,*‡). Despite its year-round presence just a few hours away, this species had been undocumented in the state for many years prior to the 2014 sighting. Noting this, Gallo realized that the 1981 record had never been presented to ARCC. He used CBC records, his own recollection and contact with others who had seen it to provide documentation. The 2014 observers broke the drought by providing good written descriptions along with a photo and videos. This is a good example of how photos alone may not always be sufficient to document a species. Neither the photo nor the video was of high quality, but in combination with written details they provided solid evidence. The bird, in basic plumage, was very white and thus suggestive of the arctic subspecies C. g. mandtii. The sub- specific taxonomy is complex and unsettled. Birds of North America Online notes that mandtii apparently intergrades along the coast of Labrador with P. g. arcticus, the subspecies breeding as nearby as New Hampshire, and possibly occurs south to New England. A specimen from Massachusetts was reported in Ridgway (1919).

WHITE-WINGED DOVE (Zenaida asiatica) One was seen and photographed on 12-13 Jul 2013 in the Lordship neighborhood near Stratford Point in Stratford (13-24 Frank Mant- lik*‡). It was also heard vocalizing.

BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD (Archilochus alexandri) A homeowner in Fairfield noticed a female/immature hummingbird coming to blooming Pineapple Sage in her yard on 23 Oct 2013 (13-26 Sara Jaeger,* Frank Mantlik‡, Jesus

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 40 Kaplan and Hanisek

Mark Szantyr photo This adult male Fork-tailed Flycatcher captivated about 600 birders during its prolonged stay at the Hadlyme ferry slip in Lyme in November and December 2013. ARCC Report 41

Frank Mantlik photo Connecticut's first Black-chinned Hummingbird shows off its diagnostic broad and blunt outer primary flight feathers while feeding on Pineapple Sage at a yard in Fairfield in October 2013.

Russ Smiley photo This White-winged Dove made a short stop in a Stratford neighborhood in July 2013.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 42 Kaplan and Hanisek Tirado‡, Russ Smiley‡ m.ob, m.ph.). The bird was positively identified as a first state record after photos taken on 30 Oct resulted in a visit by several members of ARCC on 2 Nov. Photos taken then provided conclusive images showing the inner six primaries proportionately narrower than the outer four, with the outer primary (P10) being broad and blunt tipped. The latter feature distinguishes Black-chinned from its congener, Ruby-throated Hummingbird, which is very similar in non-adult male plumages. The bird was seen by more than 150 people. It was last seen on 13 Nov, when it apparently departed after a very cold night that killed the flowers on which it had been feeding.

FORK-TAILED FLYCATCHER (Tyrannus savana) Connecti- cut’s fourth record was a bird found on 30 Nov 2013 at the Hadlyme ferry slip on the Connecticut River in Lyme (13-15 Jeff Feldmann*‡, m.ob, m.ph.). A large contingent of observers from around the U.S. and Canada saw the bird through 11 Dec 2013, establishing a late date for the state. Dan Rottino, who lives nearby, monitored the bird and visitors throughout its stay and put the number of observers at about 600. The bird was identified as an adult male based on wing molt, tail streamer length and notching on the outermost three primary flight feathers (A. Lamoreaux). The primary notching also confirmed it represented the southernmost and most migratory subspecies, T. s. savana. This is the only subspecies that has been unequivocally identified in North America.

EURASIAN JACKDAW (Corvus monedula) One was observed on 16 Feb 1988 at the West Haven landfill (88-21R Frank Gallo*). ARCC originally voted not to accept the record because of origin questions, in part because of a leg injury that some members believed could be attributed to caging. Gallo asked that the record be reopened and provided an analysis supporting natural vagrancy. This Eurasian corvid has a unique history in northeastern North America. There was a major influx in the 1980s, including the 1984 arrival of 52 ship-assisted birds in Quebec, but the first few arrivals, including Nantucket, Mass., birds in 1982-84, predate the Quebec incursion. The ABA Checklist Committee accepted ARCC Report 43 an April 1984 record from Block I., Rhode Island, stating: “Origin – Natural vagrant. The various subsequent sightings in eastern Canada and in New England indicate a broad pattern of vagrancy rather than an escaped or ship assisted waif.” In his reassessment Gallo said: “Eurasian Jackdaws have undergone a range expansion in Europe over the last 30+ years, and they are still occurring regularly in Iceland. There are at least two more-recent records in the ABA area, both from Newfoundland, in 1994-96 and 1996-97. Accord- ing to Howell et al. (2014), as of 2006, there were 258 records for Iceland, and I found an eBird record there for as recently as 2011. It is clear that Eurasian Jackdaws have a record of moving west from Europe and are reaching the New World... Many authorities see this and all jackdaw records during the period as valid.” This represents the first documented state record.

HOARY REDPOLL (Acanthis hornemanni) One visited a feeder in Plymouth on 11 Jan 2013, part of the winter 2012-13 invasion of a species seldom documented in the state (13-11 Buzz Devine*). For more on the subspecies status of birds reaching Connecticut during this flight see the Eighteenth Report in the Connecticut Warbler Vol. 33 No. 2.

RECORDS ACCEPTED, ORIGIN UNCERTAIN

FIELDFARE (Turdus pilaris) One was collected in April 1878 near Stamford and the specimen is now in the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago (13-10 Louis Bevier). This bird, then called European Thrush, was originally reported by Wil- liam Henry Hoyt in a short note in Ornithologist and Oologist (Hoyt 1889). The record had never been considered by ARCC because the whereabouts of the specimen, originally in a private collection, was unknown. Zeranski and Baptist (1990) considered it hypothetical for this reason. Bevier investigated in 2013, discovered the specimen was in Chicago and ar- ranged for photos to be taken. He then prepared an illustrated report. Sage et al. (1913) relegated the record to a section titled “Catalogue of introduced species and doubtful species.” It remained in limbo until Bevier’s recent efforts. Bevier

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 44 Kaplan and Hanisek

Fieldfare (Turdus pilaris) collected by John Schaler in or near Stamford at “Knapp’s Ice Pond” April 1878 (Field Museum of Natural History, FMNH 145585). Photograph courtesy of John Bates, Associate Curator, Birds, The Field Museum noted that despite Sage’s categorization, that author said the feet and plumage were of a bird not recently in captivity (an opinion also shared by Bevier). Sage also quotes the collector as saying its actions were those of a wild bird. In conclusion, Bevier noted that the record fits neatly into the modern pattern of occurrence. He suggested that the bird was caught in weather over the North Atlantic during late fall or early winter, a scenario closely linked to other European birds that are vagrants to North America. The committee chose the above category as a conservative approach, noting that the specimen predates the next North American record by 60 years and occurred at a time when cage bird trade was common. Placement in this category denotes full acceptance to the state list but recognizes that in some cases 100 percent certainty is unrealistic despite a preponderance of positive evidence.

RECORDS NOT ACCEPTED

BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRD (Archilochus alexandri) An adult male was reported from a feeder in Monroe on 26- 27 Jun 2011 (11-45). The bird, which would have constituted a first state record, was seen only by the homeowners and was ARCC Report 45 not photographed. The report generated vigorous discussion through the maximum three rounds of voting. Lack of a pattern of spring-summer occurrence in the Northeast played a role in the committee’s decision.

GYRFALCON (Falco rusticolus) One was reported flying over a yard in Stamford on 24 Oct 2013 (13-20). Identification of this species, especially flyby birds seen by a single observer, is fraught with difficulty. These birds present very little in the way of field marks, placing emphasis on description of shape, flight style and perceived size. In this case, the observation was rather short and lighting conditions were less than ideal. The description of the bird as an apparent white morph raises the problem of abnormally plumaged birds of other species. Another problem that may be unsolvable for briefly seen birds is the possibility of hybrids used in falconry.

COMMON MURRE (Uria aalge) One was reported on 29 Jan 2014 from Hammonasset Beach State Park in Madison (14- 05). The single observer reported difficult conditions including strong wind and very rough water in which the bird was swimming farther out into Long Island Sound. The description included some features that did not eliminate other large alcids.

RECORDS NOT ACCEPTED, ORIGIN UNCERTAIN

LE CONTE’S SPARROW (Ammodramus leconteii) Remains were found on 16 Apr 2012 at Tweed New Haven Airport (13-22). Andrew Dasinger learned of the record through a query of the Federal Aviation Administration Wildlife Strike Database, listing birds struck by aircraft. He then wrote to Carla Dove of the Smithsonian Feather Identification Lab, which is responsible for examining and identifying wildlife remains from aircraft-bird collisions. She said the Smithson- ian received “a large chunk of wing and body feathers and a foot.” Ultimately the identification was confirmed by DNA analysis, but there was no way to prove that the bird wasn’t struck by a plane elsewhere and carried to New Haven.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 46 Kaplan and Hanisek ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The committee thanks Louis Bevier for researching the Fieldfare record and assisting with the Eurasian Jackdaw and Peter Pyle for comments on the Brown Booby.

LITERATURE CITED

Hanisek, Greg. 2005. Connecticut Birds By The Season. The Connecticut Warbler. Vol. 25 No. 1

Howell, S.N.G, I. Lewington, and W. Russell. 2014. Rare Birds of North America. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.

Howell, Steve N.G. 2002. Hummingbirds of North America. A Photographic Guide. Academic Press natural World. San Diego Calif.

Hoyt, William H. 1889. European Thrush (Turdus pilaris) and Lawrence’s Warbler at Stamford. Ornithologist and Oologist 14 (3): 44.

Pyle, Peter. 1997. Identification Guide to North American Birds, Part I, Slate Creek Press, Bolinas, Calif.

Ridgway, R. 1919. The Birds of North and Middle America, Pt. 8. Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus. no. 50. Sage, J.H., L.B. Bishop, and W.P. Bliss. 1913. The Birds of Connecticut. Connecticut Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin No. 20.

Sibley, D.A. 2000. National Audubon Society: The Sibley Guide to Birds. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.

Veit, Richard R., and Wayne R. Peterson. 1993. Birds of Mas- sachusetts. Massachusetts Audubon Society, Lincoln, Mass.

Zeranski, J.D. and T.R. Baptist. 1990. Connecticut Birds. Uni- versity Press of New England, Hanover, N.H.

Greg Hanisek, 175 Circuit Ave., Waterbury, CT 06708

Jay Kaplan, 71 Gracey Road, Canton, CT 06019 2013 FALL HAWK WATCH By Steve Mayo

Hawk migration in Connecticut occurs in both spring and fall. The northward hawk migration occurs for several months starting in late winter. Spring migration is much less concentrated than that of the autumn, so organized hawk watching is rare in the spring. However, Johnnycake Mountain (Burlington) logged an impressive 21 hours from April 13-26. Of the 145 total hawks counted, 121 were Broad- winged Hawks.

It’s the southward migration that brings watchers to Con- necticut sites, to see hundreds and sometimes thousands of migrating hawks. In August along the coast, observers hope for that first frontal passage to start the migration season. Unfortunately, August of 2013 mostly comprised hot, humid days with southerly winds, or no winds at all. Coastal watchers counted anything that flew over, from Nighthawks to Gnatcatchers, but there were few hawks. Quaker Ridge (Greenwich) did have 16 (10 Broad-winged Hawks) on Au- gust 23. The site finished with 65 hawks over a site-record 100 August coverage hours. Lighthouse Point Park (New Haven) managed 8 hawks during 14 hours, the lowest Au- gust coverage in over a quarter century. Boothe Memorial (Stratford) near the Housatonnic River, counted 13 hawks during 5 hours of coverage.

The autumn frontal passages of interest are the cold fronts. These are fast moving bodies of cooler, drier masses of air. The frontal passing is marked by a rise in barometric pres- sure, improving visibility (ie, clearing rain and clouds), a drop in humidity and moderate to strong northwest winds.

Fronts occurring during the second and third week of Sep- tember result in an impressive Broad-winged Hawk migration. Botsford Hill (Bridgewater) had excellent daily coverage during this period. The site had a record-season total of 11,167 Broad-winged Hawks, including 3,924 on September 16. That same day, Middle School (Torrington) and White

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 47 48 Mayo Memorial (Litchfield) had peak counts of 4,451 and 2,559, respectively. Chestnut Hill (Litchfield) tallied over 5,000 September 15-19, and Johnnycake Mountain (Burlington) had over 3,000 during the same period. During the mid-day of September 18, after almost two days of light northerly winds, Booth Hill (West Hartland) had 3,047 Broad-winged hawks on west-southwest surface winds. All sites also reported excellent Bald Eagle flights. Johnnycake Mountain had at least one Bald Eagle for every day of coverage, and the site even logged an early Golden Eagle on the last day of their season (9/23).

To the south and west of these sites, six miles north of Long Island Sound, is Quaker Ridge. On September 14, after strong morning northwest winds, Broad-wings started streaming through mid-day. There were 2,812 on the 14th and 1,910 on the fifteenth. After morning rain showers and early afternoon northwest winds, a total of 5,485 were logged on September 16. The next day, 4,689 were counted streaming by on clear skies before the winds went south. Waveny Park (New Canaan) is to the east of Quaker Ridge, and just 4 miles from the coast. Also on the 17th, Waveny had 933 Broad- winged Hawks. The last significant Broad-winged Hawk flight occurred at the coastal sites. A frontal passage the morning of September 22 resulted in clear skies, northwest winds and plenty of hawks on September 23, including 1,640 Broad-wings at Lighthouse.

After this Broad-winged Hawk push, hawk watching continues near the Connecticut coast, where 10-15 different raptor species can be seen on any October day. Highest daily counts consist of large accipiter totals, as well as afternoon flights of falcons. These typically occur between the first and second weeks of October. Early October was hot, hazy and humid with an occasional period of very light northerly winds. The only highlight was 23 Northern Harriers over Lighthouse on October 5, but for the season, Lighthouse Harrier numbers were at record lows. The weather finally broke with a rainy, passing front on October 7. On October 8, the three remaining coastal sites each had 2013 daily records for Sharp- 2013 Fall Hawk Watchs 49 shinned Hawk, Cooper’s Hawk, American Kestrel and Mer- lin. The 502 Sharp-shinneds that day at Lighthouse contrib- uted to a season total of only 3,077. This was well below the previous 10-year average and one-third of the record flight 20 years prior. Sharpy numbers dropped at Quaker Ridge as well. The season total of 2,147 was lowest in ten years.

October 8 was soon followed by a moderate Nor’easter and more days of unsettled weather. On October 20 after a passing front the night before, there was a good Sharp-shinned flight (166) at Lighthouse, and west winds on the 24th and 25th brought Turkey Vultures (193 and 117, respectively) over Quaker Ridge.

November migration is noted for buteos. There was a strong push of Red-tailed and Red-shouldered Hawks during the first four days of the month. Chestnut Hill “re-opened” for two hours on November 3 and counted 13 Red-tails. Light- house posted a record 5 Golden Eagles on the 3rd. Quaker Ridge and Lighthouse each ended up with 10 Golden Eagles for the season. November 3 was also the date of the last recorded Osprey, seen at Lighthouse. Lighthouse and Quaker Ridge both ended the season with low Osprey numbers.

Winds were light and variable until a front brought snow showers on November 12. The next day, buteos were back at Quaker Ridge and Lighthouse. Strong north winds returned on November 12, and by the time they subsided in the afternoon, 143 Red-tails were counted at Lighthouse. Bitter cold west and northwest winds prevailed through November 23 and 24, yet surprisingly few hawks were recorded. These frontal passages so sought after in September and October, had apparently arrived too late.

Additional data, including daily summary reports for 2013 and those of previous years, may be obtained from the Hawk Migration of North America website, hawkcount.org. Sum- maries for Connecticut and the rest of New England, can also be obtained from The Northeast Hawkwatch, http://www. battaly.com/nehw/.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 50 Mayo Volunteers who counted Lynn James, Buck Jenks, at our Connecticut sites in Elsbeth Johnson, Lynn Jones, 2013 included: Mark Ar- Anne Kehmna, Marie Ken- onson, Renee Baade, David nedy, Sulmaan Khan, Celia Babington, Bill Banks, Char- Lewis, Jim MacLean, Ryan lie Barnard, Dan Barvir, Bill MacLean, Matt Male, Frank Batsford, Steve Beal, Eileen Mantlik, Jerry Marcellino, Becker-Dunn, Gail Benson, John Marshall, Jeff Mar- Raymond Belding, Nick tin, Shaun Martin, Stefan Bonomo, Polly Brody, Tom Martin, Steve Mayo, Robin Burke, Dana Campbell, Paul McAllister, Ken Merrifield, Carrier, Abby Carsten, Al Nancy Meyer-Lustman, Colins, Patrick Commins, Ken Mirman, Don Morgan, Jim Cortina, Annette Cun- Judy Moore, Marty Moore, niffe, Neil Currie, Ayreslea Tom Murray, Gene New- Denny, Paul Desjardins, ell, Suzanne Newell, Steve Margot Dilmagani, Jim Du- Oresman, Gary Palmer, Janet gan, Cindy Ehrlinger, James Petricone, Pattie Pickard, Art Fischer, Bobbie Fisher Anne Potwin, Donna Potwin, Paul Fiske, David Fiske, Woody Roberts, Arne Rosengren, Ed Fitzgerald, Steve Foisey, Sadowsky, David Salmon, Jared Franklin, Barry Freed, Sol Satin, Scott Slora, Dori Rita Freed, Frank Gallo, Ted Sosensky, Howie Stern- Gilman, Tina Green, Carol berg, Maria Stockmal, Carol Griffiths, Frank Guida, Pete Titus, Tony Tortora, Lisa Gustas, Tony Hager, Nicki Wahle, Bill Wallace, Steve Hall, Greg Hanisek, John Walter, Mike Warner, Fitz Hannon, Roy Harvey, Bo Waterman, Art Welby, Paul Hopkins, Julian Hough, Wolter, Sarah Zagorski, Joe Rich Huck, Brenda Inskeep, Zeranski, Jim Zipp. 2013 Fall Hawk Watchs 51 BW 3526 11167 5603 3895 8987 3704 36882 RS 15 15 NG 1 3 4 CH 1 10 3 3 11 9 37 SS 19 75 25 58 23 9 209 BW-Broad-winged Hawk RT-Red-tailed Hawk RL-Rough-legged Hawk GE-Golden Eagle NH 1 4 5 BE 5 23 22 37 13 25 125 OS 5 24 26 59 13 17 144 TV 1 8 49 58 BV 7 SS-Sharp-shinned Hawk CH-Cooper's Hawk NG-Northern Goshawk RS-Red-shouldered Hawk Connecticut - All Lookouts Fall 2013 Hours 11 79 60 49 72 52 323 Town West Hartland Bridgewater Litchfield Burlington Torrington Litchfield Lookout INLAND GROUP Booth Hill Botsford Hill Chestnut Hill Johnnycake Mt. MiddleSchool White Memorial INLAND TOTAL BV-Black Vulture TV-Turkey Vulture OS-Osprey BE-Bald Eagle NH-Northern Harrier

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 52 Mayo TOTAL 3562 11338 5711 4086 9072 3917 37686 uR 18 14 14 12 58 PG 1 2 1 5 9 ML 2 4 4 3 37 50 AK 2 16 4 19 7 6 54 GE 1 1 RL 0 RT 13 10 23 Hours 11 79 60 49 72 52 323 Connecticut - All Lookouts Fall 2013 Town W. Hartland Bridgewater Litchfield Burlington Torrington Litchfield Lookout INLAND GROUP Booth Hill Botsford Hill Chestnut Hill Johnnycake Mt. MiddleSchool White Memorial INLAND TOTAL 2013 Fall Hawk Watchs 53 BW 2339 2676 16188 1038 22241 RS 22 209 425 656 NG 6 6 12 CH 70 843 424 4 1341 SS 334 3077 2147 20 5578 BW-Broad-winged Hawk RT-Red-tailed Hawk RL-Rough-legged Hawk GE-Golden Eagle NH 16 262 165 1 444 BE 92 173 177 4 446 OS 173 715 470 9 1367 TV 200 416 928 1544 BV 19 39 15 73 SS-Sharp-shinned Hawk CH-Cooper's Hawk NG-Northern Goshawk RS-Red-shouldered Hawk Hours 130 680 761 35 1606 Connecticut - All Lookouts Fall 2013 Town Stratford New Haven Greenwich New Canaan Lookout COASTAL GROUP Boothe Memorial Lighthouse Point Quaker Ridge Waveny Park COASTAL TOTAL BV-Black Vulture TV-Turkey Vulture OS-Osprey BE-Bald Eagle NH-Northern Harrier

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 54 Mayo TOTAL 3426 10840 21949 1114 37329 uR 37 459 171 15 682 PG 14 147 33 2 196 ML 14 393 83 1 491 BW-Broad-winged Hawk RT-Red-tailed Hawk RL-Rough-legged Hawk GE-Golden Eagle AK 41 906 484 10 1441 GE 10 10 20 RL 3 3 RT 55 486 223 10 774 Hours 130 682 761 35 1608 SS-Sharp-shinned Hawk CH-Cooper's Hawk NG-Northern Goshawk RS-Red-shouldered Hawk Connecticut - All Lookouts Fall 2013 Town Stratford New Haven Greenwich New Canaan COASTAL GROUP Lookout Boothe Memorial Lighthouse Point Quaker Ridge Waveny Park COASTAL TOTAL BV-Black Vulture TV-Turkey Vulture OS-Osprey BE-Bald Eagle NH-Northern Harrier 2013 Fall Hawk Watchs 55 Total 3526 11167 5603 3895 8987 3704 2339 2676 16188 1038 Nov 1 1 Oct 18 93 12 123 24-30 3 1 110 44 440 598 20-23 21 57 292 35 28 95 1648 250 2426 19 795 893 132 2454 331 1 41 4647 18 3047 2341 1267 197 5 118 2 1 3 6981 17 1779 1844 623 88 3 295 4689 933 10254 16 3924 1129 4451 2559 402 6 5485 17956 15 1413 1322 1770 1050 573 154 35 1910 88 8315 14 479 769 172 279 270 1532 513 2812 15 6841 Broadwing Flight - Connecticut Fall 2013 Sept thru 13 122 48 96 98 7 23 39 523 2 958 August 23 23 Lookout INLAND GROUP Booth Hill Botsford Hill Chestnut Hill Johnnycake Mt. Middle School White Memorial COASTAL GROUP Boothe Memorial Lighthouse Point Quaker Ridge Waveny Park Total

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 56 Mayo Total 8 5815 3645 1372 2 10840 Total 65 18700 2186 998 21949 uR 132 155 143 430 uR 1 87 48 35 171 PF 47 82 16 147 PF 10 20 2 32 ML 138 204 49 393 ML 46 35 2 83 AK 2 447 444 13 906 AK 2 318 158 6 484 GE 2 1 7 10 GE 1 5 4 10 RL 0 1 2 3 RL 0 RT 23 104 342 486 RT 9 64 150 223 BW 2582 93 1 2676 BW 23 16153 12 16188 RS 13 40 155 209 RS 10 181 254 445 NG 2 2 2 6 NG 1 1 4 6 CH 213 536 87 843 CH 1 159 225 39 424 SS 1 1412 1463 201 3077 SS 1323 734 90 2147 NH 2 106 120 53 282 NH 7 88 56 14 165 Quaker Ridge, Greenwich - Fall 2013 Lighthouse Point, New Haven - Fall 2013 BE 76 64 33 173 BE 11 115 38 13 177 OS 3 574 136 2 715 OS 19 378 73 470 TV 45 170 201 416 TV 2 548 378 928 BV 4 30 5 39 BV 8 7 15 Hours 14 220 257 168 2 661 Hours 100 274 249 138 761 August September October November December Total August September October November Total CONNECTICUT FIELD NOTES Fall Season, August 1 though November 30, 2013

By Greg Hanisek

After last fall’s devastating but exciting “superstorm” Sandy, this season’s weather seemed uneventful in comparison. In addition to a lack of storm birds, autumn 2013 offered no repeat of last year’s much-anticipated northern finch flight. The start of a major Snowy Owl irruption offered compensation, as did a couple of mega-rarities, one of them a first state record. Big flight days included Sept. 14-15 for hawks and passerines and Nov. 9 for huge numbers of common late season migrants. Sandhill Cranes continued their surge, and overall avian variety in the four-month season kept birders out and on the move. The rarer geese fell comfort- early in the season, a female ably into recent patterns with Northern Pintail was in Strat- eight Greater White-fronted ford on Aug. 7 (FM), and six Geese and five Cackling Blue-winged Teal were in the Geese for the season. The Quinnipiac River marshes largest flock of Snow Geese in Hamden on Sept. 8 (CL). was 130 (with at least two Four adult male Eurasian blue morphs) on Nov. 19 Wigeon in one small pond over Lighthouse Point hawk in Milford on Nov. 23 were watch in New Haven (BB). A extraordinary for a species Barnacle Goose was found usually seen one at a time in a Canada Goose flock in (FG). corn stubble in Bethlehem on Nov. 1-2 (GH et al.), and Redheads, always scarce, one mingled with Canadas showed a bit of an uptick in Windsor on Nov. 8 (BK). with a male at North Farms Wood Ducks can stage in Reservoir in Wallingford on large numbers after the Oct. 30-Nov. 2 (KM et. al.); breeding season, such as 109 a male and female on Nov. on Mud Pond in New Mil- 6 at Twin Lakes, Salisbury, ford on Aug. 31 (JD). As part (PCa); and four at Sandy of a typical but understated Point, West Haven, on Nov. arrival of dabbling ducks 25 (SSp, CS). A female King

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 57 58 Hanisek

Russ Smiley photo This is part of an unusually large flock of about 120 Black Scoters on the Connecticut River in South Windsor on Nov. 3, 2013.

Eider that stayed well into was clearly on the move that winter was first seen Nov. 29 day, with more than 30 on at Harkness Memorial State Congamond Lakes in Suff- Park in Waterford (JMu, NB). ield (DB) and 47 on Coventry The season’s only Harle- Lake, Coventry (CEl). A Bar- quin Duck, a female, flew row’s Goldeneye that win- by Stratford Point on Nov. 1 tered was found on Nov. 30 (FM). Four Surf Scoters, the off East Haven (JRg). A flock least common of the three of 87 Ruddy Ducks was at species inland, were also a Coventry Lake in Coventry bit early Sept. 24 at Batterson on Oct. 31 (DMo), followed Pond in Farmington (PCi). by 150 on Bristol Reservoir Good-sized flocks of Black No. 7 on Nov. 2 (PCa). Scoters sometimes drop onto inland bodies of water dur- Since the once widespread ing migration. They tend to Ruffed Grouse has retreated form tight, restless groups almost exclusively to the and don’t stay long, but a northwestern Connecticut, flock of 120 on the Connecti- two flushed on Nov. 18 at cut River at South Windsor Saugatuck Falls Natural Area on Nov. 3 was unusually in Redding, Fairfield County, large (RMa, RS). The species were noteworthy and heart- Field Notes 59 ening (JL). A Red-throated Plum Bank Marsh, Old Say- Loon at Twin Lakes, Salis- brook, were indicative of a bury, on Oct. 23 was inland strong and possibly growing at a time when good num- coastal breeding population bers were moving along the (JOg). The number built to coast (PCa). Another good 25 (17 immatures) on Sept. find at this location were two 14 (JOg), and 20 were in Red-necked Grebes on Nov. the Menunketesuck area of 2 (KKo). An immature Great Westbrook on Aug. 25 (CL). Cormorant was unseasonable A Green Heron was late Nov. on Aug. 26 at Stratford Point 3 in Darien (ph. CBo). A (FM, AZ). Three American Black-crowned Night-Heron White Pelicans flew by was inland Aug. 19 at Bat- the Lighthouse Point hawk terson Pond in Farmington watch on Oct. 29 (BB); later (PCi). Birding around Strat- in the day three were seen ford on Oct. 16 tuned up 30 flying over Quaker Ridge Yellow-crowned Night-Her- hawk watch in Greenwich ons, indicative of the area’s (MW, RMc). strong breeding population (FM, TGr). Away from known Con- necticut River breeding sites, An adult Misissippi Kite a Least Bittern was calling seen sporadically in summer Aug. 19 in the Proto Drive was last noted Aug. 26-27 in marshes in East Haven (GH Simsbury and E. Granby (FZ, et al.), and one was along BA). An adult was extraor- Canfield Island Creek on the dinarily late but apparently Norwalk/Westport line on conspicuous to at least Oct. Sept. 11 (TGr). Snowy Egrets 7 in the central Connecticut are difficult to find inland, River valley, with sightings but post-breeders move up in Moodus and Haddam the Connecticut River with (AL, DRo, THa). A late Os- some regularity, such as one prey was in Westport Nov. on Aug. 13 at Wethersfield 23 (LF). The Quaker Ridge Cove (PCi) and one at the hawk watch in Greenwich Hockanum River Linear Trail logged 2800 Broad-winged in East Hartford on Sept. 4 Hawks on Sept. 14 (RMc), (PCi). At least 20 Little Blue and Boothe Memorial Park in Herons (eight adults and Stratford had 1500 that day 12 immatures) on Aug. 4 in (LJo). Sept. 16 brought an-

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 60 Hanisek

Hank Golet photo This Snowy Owl on Nov. 26, 2013, in Old Lyme was one of the first of what became a monumental winter irruption.

Chris Bosak photo This Green Heron was very late on Nov. 3, 2013 at a pond in Darien. Field Notes 61 other 5100 to Quaker Ridge largest groups were seven (RMc). At Lighthouse Point, over Norwalk on Nov. 24 where Broad-wingeds peak (LF) and eight over Moodus later than at ridge sites, 2140 on Nov. 29 (AL). raptors on Sept. 23 included 1640 Broad-winged Hawks The first of more than 30 (GH et al.). Also see the fall American Golden-Plovers hawk migration summary statewide was at Milford elsewhere in this issue. A Point on Aug. 24 (PDe). The very late Broad-winged high count was six on Sept. Hawk was at Quaker Ridge 7 at the drained Riverside in Greenwich on Nov. 29 Park Pond in Hartford (PCi) (RMc). A light adult Swain- and six again on Sept. 16 at son’s Hawk was seen on Oct. Sikorsky Airport in Stratford 24 in Brooklyn (MSz). Away (FM). A Semipalmated Plo- from the hawk watches, an ver on Aug. 16 at Greenwich immature Golden Eagle was Point displayed a flag tag an exciting find Nov. 14 at indicative of banding in Peru Sherwood Island, where it (CEh). An American Oyster- spent time perched after din- catcher roost on Cockenoe I., ing on Canada Goose (TGr Westport, held 35 on Sept. 11 et al.) A Yellow Rail, the (TGr, AH), and Milford Point regular migrant that’s almost had 23 on Sept. 22 (SSp). never seen, was flushed Stratford Marina was packed briefly at Barn Island Wild- with 138 Greater Yellowlegs life Management Area in and three Lesser Yellowlegs Stonington on Nov. 17 (TAu). as late as Oct. 16 (FM). A ju- A Clapper Rail strolled along venile Upland Sandpiper on the edge of a tidal pond Sept. 1 at Rocky Hill Mead- at Greenwich Point on the ows was probably a migrant, late date of Nov. 26 (MAu). although the site is also not Sandhill Crane, the species far from known breeding showing the greatest recent locations (BA). A migrant upsurge in numbers, criss- was at Hammonasset Beach crossed the state this fall, State Park in Madison (here- generating reports of about after HBSP) on Sept. 13 25 individuals. The first was (PFu et al.). A good flight of reported from the Mystic Whimbrels appeared to peak area on Oct. 18 (SK), and the around Sept. 1, when a flock of seven flew over Stratford

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 62 Hanisek (TGr, SZ) and three were at served Aug. 9 at Shell Beach Sandy Point in West Haven marsh in Guilford (PW). (JH). Two were in Westbrook In the past, large fallouts the next day (CL). The sea- of this kind have occurred son’s only Marbled Godwit when Lesser Yellowlegs was on the Neck River in were also moving in good Madison on Sept. 1-2 (SSc, numbers, and 80 Lessers DRo et al.) were noted the same day in Stratford (FM). For the first Red Knots continue to raise time in recent memory, Buff- concerns with only about breasted Sandpipers went 15 reported. Semipalmated unreported. The first Long- Sandpiper numbers built billed Dowitcher appeared to 3700 on Aug. 12 at Mil- Aug. 10 at Stratford Marina, ford Point (FM). As usual a regular location that pro- Western Sandpipers were duced reports deep into the hard to find, with just a few season (FM). A juvenile was singles reported, but a very at Rocky Neck State Park in cooperative bird was inland East Lyme on Nov. 8-9 (DL). at Cabela’s Pond near Rent- The season’s only Wilson’s schler Field in East Hartford Phalarope was at HBSP on Aug. 27-28 (DL, JMe). The Sept. 14-17 (MCo et al.). first four of 14 Baird’s Sand- pipers for the season, all An incursion of 250 Laugh- juveniles as expected, were ing Gulls, most of them at Milford Point on Aug. 20 juveniles, was noted along (FM). A large and extended the lower Housatonic River flight of Pectoral Sandpip- in the vicinity Short Beach, ers included reports of c. 70, Stratford, on Sept. 12 (FM). including high counts of 13 Landfill gull-watching got at Hockanum River Linear off to a good start with four Trail in East Hartford on Oct. Iceland Gulls at Windsor- 5 (PCi) and 15 there on Oct. Bloomfield landfill on Nov. 17 (ADa). About 15 were still 26 (NB). A first-cycle Lesser found around the state in Black-backed Gull turned up November, with a record late at Sandy Point, West Haven, one Nov. 23 at Greenbacker on Aug. 28 (ABu). The oft- Pond in Durham (GH). An returning adult at Burying unusual concentration of 18 Hill Beach in Westport was Stilt Sandpipers was ob- first noted on Sept. 17 (TGr). Field Notes 63

Julian Hough photo Short-eared Owls are always always a nice find. This one popped up on Poto Drive in East Haven on Nov. 9, 2013. The first of seven Caspian adult Black Skimmers were Terns was at Sandy Point on at Milford Point (FM) and Aug. 24 (NB et al.). Two were Holly Pond, Stamford, (PDu) at Griswold Point in Old on Aug. 1 and at Sandy Lyme on Aug. 27 (CF), with Point, West Haven, on Aug. three at Lighthouse Point on 14 (JOs). Two were at Compo Sept. 22 (CL). Post-breeding Beach in Westport on Aug. Forster’s Terns sometimes 29 (TGr). assemble on the lower Con- necticut River. This season The opening volley in what one was at Selden Creek in turned into a Snowy Owl Lyme on Aug. 4 (CL). On assault deep into the win- Aug. 15 a group of nine at ter was one on Nov. 25 in Deep River Landing con- West Haven (JSw), followed sisted of five adults feeding by numerous November four juveniles far from any coastal sightings of an unknown nesting area in typi- known number of individu- cal tern fashion (NB). Single als. Common Nighthawks

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 64 Hanisek staged a good and conspicu- ney Swifts on Sept. 8 (SMa). ous migration. Triple figure The Chimney Swift count hit counts included 175 on Aug. a remarkable 3000 there on 19 in Woodbury (RN); 100 on Sept. 14 (SMa). A nice run of Aug. 22 in Naugatuck (FR); Red-headed Woodpeckers 192 on Aug. 23 in Greenwich consisted of one through the (BI); 125 on Aug. 24 in Man- season at a Simsbury feeder sfield (DMo); 125 on Aug. 27 (GK); singles at Lighthouse in N. Windham (PR); 160 on Point in New Haven on Sept. Aug. 27 in Storrs (CEl); 150 15 (RPe) and Sept. 22 (TGr on Aug. 27 in Seymour (RH); et al.); a juvenile on Sept. 16 200 on Aug. 27 in Simsbury at Grass Island, Greenwich (BK); 210 on Aug. 28 in (SMu); an adult at Quaker Southbury (SSp); 210 on Aug. Ridge, Greenwich, on Sept. 29 in Greenwich (RMc); and 17 (RMc); an adult on Oct. 615 on Aug. 31 in Barkham- 5 in Wallingford (MM); a sted (DRs). There were many flyover Oct. 27 at Sherwood double- and single-digit Island (FM et al.), and a reports, and the flight was juvenile found on Nov. 5 quite protracted with more on a residential street in than 30 birds reported at four downtown New Haven that locations Oct. 1-4 (FG et al.). remained through winter Eastern Whip-poor-wills are (ADo et. mult. al). The latest seldom heard singing out evidence of Peregrine Fal- of nesting season and away cons nesting in the Water- from breeding sites, so one in bury area was an adult and a yard in Sterling on Aug. 18 juvenile on a church steeple was interesting. Presumably in Naugatuck on Aug. 17, the same bird sang there on although there was no Aug. 25 (RD), and one sang evidence the church was the at dusk on Sept. 17 at HBSP actual nest site (APr). (TAn). Among ten reports of Olive- A Black-chinned Humming- sided Flycatchers were bird, a first state record, visit- two (or possibly three) at ed a Fairfield yard from Oct. John Minnetto State Park 23 to Nov. 13 (SJ, m.ob. ph.). in Torrington on Aug. 27 Lighthouse Point recorded (CZ, JZ). Western King- 74 Ruby-throated Humming- birds were found on Aug. birds and 350 migrant Chim- 27 in Mansfield (MSz) and Field Notes 65 Sept.8 at HBSP (JMu). The in Groton (GW et al.) and state’s fourth Fork-tailed Naugatuck State Forest in Flycatcher was found Nov. Naugatuck on Sept. 15 (BDe, 30 at the Hadlyme ferry slip SH) and in Westport on Sept. on the Connecticut River in 17 (TGr). Two were at McK- Lyme (ph. JF, m.ob.) and was inney Refuge, Stratford, on present into early December. the latter date (FM). A late A Great Crested Flycatcher one was at Silver Sands State present since Oct. 22 lingered Park in Milford on Sept. 29 to the record late date of Oct. (JOs). 29 at HBSP (HW et al.). Ash- throated Flycatcher, which The season’s only Northern occurs in the Northeast in Shrike vocalized Nov. 16-17 late fall-early winter, was at Little Pond in Litchfield carefully eliminated. Yellow- (RN et al.). A few Horned bellied Flycatcher was first Larks were seen in Stratford noted on Sept. 14 at Pine in late September, which is Creek in Fairfield (JP, ABu), early for southbound mi- with singles at Bluff Point grants (CBa). It’s possible

Hank Golet photo The 2013 Fork-tailed Flycatcher in Lyme had to brave some snow to reach Connecticut's record-late date of 11 December.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 66 Hanisek

Julian Hough photo This Lark Sparrow, seen here on Oct. 27, 2013, was enjoyed by many birders at Hammonasset Beach State Park. this rare state breeder could house Point in visible mi- have nested at places such as gration in August and early Sikorsky Airport, Long Beach September; an especially or Stratford Point. A roost- good count of 45 was made bound flight of 400 Purple on Aug. 19 (GH et al.). A late Martins passed over East one hung around to Nov. 15 Haddam on Aug. 19 (DRo). in Monroe (TMu). Five-digit After a big flight in 2012, the passage flights of American only Cave Swallow reports Robins are noted annually this year were singles at at Lighthouse Point, New Sherwood Island State Park, Haven, but 190,000 on Nov. Westport, on Nov. 3 (TGr) 9 was extraordinary (THa et and Nov. 9 in Stratford (one al.) The first Lapland Long- for sure but probably three, spur was early on Oct. 4 at FM). Blue-gray Gnatcatchers Silver Sands in Milford (JOs). typically pass through Light- An especially large flock of Field Notes 67 300 Snow Buntings was at a hummingbird feeder and Stratford Point on Nov. 14 a thistle feeder in Sherman (FM). on Aug. 1 (PB). Cape May Warblers are usually rather The latest Ovenbird was sparse in Connecticut, but Nov. 3 in Hamden (CZ). A an excellent flight resulted late Northern Waterthrush in c. 40 reports. Four were lingered to Nov. 26 in New- in a Harwinton yard on Oct. town (RB). Three Golden- 1 (PCa). A Yellow Warbler winged Warblers for the was late Oct. 17 at East Shore season were a lot by recent Park in New Haven (JOs), standards: singles at the and a Black-throated Blue Racebrook Tract in Orange Warbler was late Nov. 9 at on Sept. 3 (FM, TMu); at Lake Sparkle Lake in Groton (PR, Chamberlain in Bethany on GW). Three Yellow-rumped Sept. 5 (JOs); and a different Warblers were very early bird at Lake Chamberlain migrants Aug. 24 in New Sept. 15-16 (JOs). A Blue- Haven (PDe) with one the winged Warbler on Sept. 20 same day at HBSP (RS). One in Windsor Locks was the of the season’s most stunning latest ever in the state for a birds was a leucistic Yellow- veteran observer (PDe). The rumped Warbler that was first of eight Connecticut nearly all white except for Warbler reports was on Sept. the yellow rump, Nov. 1 at 9 at Quaker Ridge in Green- Silver Sands (JOs). wich (RMc). A smattering of seven Orange-crowned Bluff Point in Groton, the Warblers started with one state’s premier morning on Oct. 2 at Osbornedale flight location, logged the State Park in Derby (FM et following significant days: al.), followed by one the next Sept. 4 – 450 warblers of 12 day at Sherwood Island. A species including 108 Ameri- Nashville Warbler was still can Redstarts (CEl); Sept. 14 at East Shore Park, New – 300 warblers of 13 species Haven, on Nov. 25 (NB). with Blackpoll Warblers The only Kentucky Warbler rivaling American Restarts report came from Quaker in numbers for the first time Ridge on Sept. 17 (MW). A this season (GW); Sept. 15 – male Hooded Warbler was 1100 warblers of 19 species an interesting visitor to both with American Redstarts

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 68 Hanisek most numerous followed by on Oct. 23. The first report Northern Parulas (GW et al.); of White-crowned Sparrow and Sept. 24 – 7500 birds was on Sept. 25 at Greenwich including 7200 warblers of 14 Point (AC). Northern Cardi- species, with Northern Paru- nals don’t usually make this las most numerous (FG). report, but 30 at the Dixon feeder in Sterling on Nov. 24 The first American Tree Spar- certainly were noteworthy row of the season appeared (RD). Six Blue Grosbeaks for Oct. 25 in Woodbury (CF). the season included one that Twelve Clay-colored Spar- remained at Bauer Park in rows for the season was a Madison Oct. 16-28 (JCo et modest number after more al.).Ten Dickcissels for the than twice that many last season were low by recent year. Vesper Sparrows were standards. widely reported after the first one was found in Glaston- At Lighthouse Point, the bury on Sept. 24 (BA). About diurnal flight of Bobolinks 25 were reported in October. hit 1000+ on Sept. 6 (DMo). Lark Sparrows were nice Six Eastern Meadowlarks finds Oct. 26-27 at HBSP were at Mansfield Hollow (DRo et al) and Nov. 12 in in North Windham on Aug. Stonington (ph. ND). Grass- 6 (PR), and an excellent 30 hopper Sparrows were typi- were at Great Island, Old cally scarce with only four Lyme, on Nov. 26 (HG). A reported, including one seen flock of 30 Rusty Blackbirds by many at Bauer Park in ate dogwood berries in a Col- Madison on Oct. 19-22 (JOs chester yard for four straight et al.) Six Nelson’s Sparrows days, Oct. 26-29 (APe). were at the front end of their Common Grackles typically migration Sept. 26 at Sher- form roosts in late summer- wood Island (TGr, AH), with early fall; 1700 were counted at least eight the next day headed toward a phragmites (TGr). A count of 30 on Oct. roost on the lower Housaton- 26 at Milford Point surely ic River in Stratford on Aug. represented a migratory peak 12 (FM). Larger flights and (JCa). The first Fox Sparrows larger roosts recur in Novem- scratched in Woodbridge ber, and this year produced Community Garden (JMo) big numbers. A roost early and at Quaker Ridge (SMr) in the month in Lebanon Field Notes 69 held c 300,000 birds (DRo). Observers – Ralph Amodei, At Lighthouse Point, where Tim Antanaitis (TAn), Mark early November consistently Aronson (MAr), Bill Asteria- brings huge morning pas- des, Tom Auer (TAu), Mi- sage flocks, 550,000 were chael Aurelia (MAu), Renee noted Nov. 9 (THa et al.) and Baade, Pat Bailey, James Bair 220,000 on Nov. 11 (GH et (JBa), Bill Banks, Charlie al.). Things wound down to a Barnard (CBa), William Bats- mere 129,000 on Nov. 19 (BB) ford, Doug Beach, Steve Beal, and 135,000 on Nov. 20 (LJa). Joe Bear (JBe), Nick Bonomo, The Nov. 9 flight at Light- Chris Bosak (CBo), Andy house also included 60,000 Brand (ABr), Alex Burdo each of Red-winged Black- (ABu), Joseph Cala (JCa), birds and Brown-headed Dana Campbell (DCa), Don- Cowbirds (THa et al.). The na Caporaso (DCo), Jim Carr post-breeding flock at the (JCr), Paul Carrier (PCa), Stratford Boat-tailed Grackle Mona Cavellero (MCa). Paul colony held at least 35 birds Cianfaglione (PCi), Linda on Aug. 23 (CBa). There were Clancy, Kathleen Clark, five November reports of Carolyn Cimino, Jan Collins Baltimore Orioles. (JCl), Patrick Comins (PCo), Jerry Connolly (JCo). Mary A flock of 26 Pine Siskins Covello (MCo), Annette Cun- making a quick stop at a niffe, Mark Danforth (MDa), Harwinton feeder on Oct. Andrew Dasinger (ADa), 20 was the largest group of Peter DeGennaro (PDn), Barb any northern finch reported DeRienzo (BDr), Paul Des- in this non-flight season jardins (PDe), Buzz Devine (PCa). Evening Grosbeaks (BDe), Mardi Dickinson could almost be counted on (MDi), Townsend Dickin- one hand: one at Lighthouse son, Angela Dimmitt (ADi), Point on Nov. 5 (BB); four Robert Dixon, Niall Doherty, there on Nov. 15 (DCa); and Aaron Dollar (ADo), Jim one flyby at Long Beach, Dugan, Patrick Dugan (PDu), Stratford, on Nov. 28 (JZ). Cynthia Ehlinger (CEh), Aside from a light flight of Chris Elphick (CEl), Sarah Purple Finches, none of the Faulkner, Patrice Favreau other boreal irruptives were (PFa), Jeff Feldmann, Bruce reported. Finnan, Larry Flynn, Carrie

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 70 Hanisek Folsom-O’Keefe, Paul Fusco Morytko (SMo), Keith Muel- (PFu), Frank Gallo, Ted ler, Tom Murray (TMu), Sean Gilman (TGi), Hank Golet, Murtha (SMu), Jake Musser Tina Green (TGr), Andy (JMu), Russ Naylor, John Griswold, Tony Hager (THa), Ogren (JOg), John Oshlick Donald Haight, A.J. Hand, (JOs), Richard Payne (RPa), Greg Hanisek, Ernie Harris, Alex Pearson (APr), Ron Roy Harvey, Seth Harvey, Pelleier (RPe), Annie Perko Fran Holloway, Tom Hol- (APe), Mike Perko, Bev Pro- loway (THo), Julian Hough, pen, Dave Provencher, James Brenda Inskeep, Jalna Jae- Purcell, Frank Ragusa, Jason ger (JJa), Sara Jaeger, Lynn Rieger (JRg), Judy Rich- James (LJa), Denise Jerni- ardson (JRi), Dave Rosgen gen (DJe), Diana Atwood (DRs), Dan Rottino (DRo), Johnson (DJo), John John- Phil Rusch, Dave Rathbun son (JJo), Lynn Jones (LJo), (DRu), Meredith Sampson Sulmaan Kahn, Jay Kaplan, (MSa), Scott Schuldt (SSc), Gil Kleiner, Brian Kleinman, Susanne Shrader (SSh), Jim Kateri Kosek (KKo), Kather- Sherwonit (JSh), Russ Smiley, ine Kuckens (KKu), Andrew Charla Spector, Steve Spector Landsman, David Lawton, (SSp), BK Stafford, Jack Swatt Jacquie Littlejohn, Chris (JSw), Mark Szantyr (MSz), Loscalzo, Ryan MacLean Timothy Thompson, Kathy (RMc), Rick Macsuga (RMa), Van Der Aue, John Wagen- Frank Mantlik, John Marshall blatt (JWa), Lisa Wahle, Mike (JMa), Stefan Martin (SMr), Warner, John Weeks (JWe), Steve Mayo (SMa), Tom Mc- Glenn Williams, Hugh Wil- Namara (TMc), Dan Mercu- loughby, Paul Wolter, Sara rio (DMe), Karen Mercurio, Zagorski, Roy Zartarian, Jamie Meyers (JMe), Judy Anthony Zemba, Carol Zipp, Moore (JMo), Marty Moore, Jim Zipp, Fran Zygmont. Don Morgan (DMo), Steve A PICTURE IS WORTH A THOUSAND BIRDS

Mark Szantyr’s article in the January issue of The Con- necticut Warbler offered, in his words, “a very well exposed, extremely sharp image of a very common bird in a less than ideal pose.” The photo perplexed many birders when it was first posted on a blog site, and probably caused similar con- sternation more recently for readers of this journal. That’s to be expected, since one very experienced and accomplished observer, David Irons of Orgeon, editor-in-chief of the excellent BirdFellow.com website, opined that even with its head showing this is “the most misidentified bird in North Amer- ica.” The second photo (above right) should make things at least somewhat easier. This immature Brown-headed Cowbird was photographed by Mark on 8 August 2010 in Noank.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 2, April 2014 71 PHOTO CHALLENGE You encounter a sparrow sitting in the open, which is a good news/bad news scenario for many birders. It’s good that its out in the open instead of skulking in shrubs or tall weeds, but it is, after all, a sparrow. The sparrow part might even be in question because of one feature that doesn’t really compute a conspicuous dark central – the white tail. Birds can breast spot. The rather plain be tough enough when they face, white eye ring and pink look like themselves. When bill on our quiz bird point you throw in an anomalous in one direction. This Field feature, things get more Sparrow was photographed puzzling. At times like this by Russ Smiley on 1 Septem- it’s best to remember that if ber 2013 at Hartman Park in things seem abnormal, they Lyme. The date also points may in fact be abnormal. strongly away from Ameri- Abnormal amounts of white can Tree Sparrow, which plumage, known as leucism, seldom appears before very occur in all kinds of bird. If late October. There’s no need you can put the white aside to invoke western species and look at what’s left, things with rusty caps since every- become more orderly. Here thing fits an expected species we have a small sparrow so well. with a rusty cap. The most common contender, Chip- ping Sparrow, has a very strongly marked face with a conspicuous white supercil- lium, a black eye line and a dark bill. Swamp Sparrows also have strong face mark- ings and dark bills. American Tree Sparrows have bicol- ored bills and usually show Photo Challenge No. 85

72 THE CONNECTICUT WARBLER Editor Greg Hanisek - 175 Circuit Ave., Waterbury, CT 06708 (203) 754-4401 email: [email protected] Departments Editorial Advisory Board Feature Articles Site Guides Louis Bevier Robert A. Askins Arnold Devine William Davis George A. Clark, Jr. Dwight Smith John Kricher Field Notes Photo Challenge Wayne Petersen Greg Hanisek Julian Hough Frank Mantlik Layout/Production Bird Counts Manny Merisotis Steve Broker Steve Mayo Joseph Zeranski

Mabel Osgood Wright Award ...... 29 Eighteenth Report of the Avian Records Committee of Connecticut Jay Kaplan and Greg Hanisek...... 31 2013 Fall Hawk Watch Steve Mayo ...... 47 Connecticut Field Notes

Greg Hanisek...... 57 A Picture Is Worth A Thousand Birds ...... 71 Photo Challenge ...... 72 THE CONNECTICUT WARBLER A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology

Volume 34 No. 3 July 2014 Pages 73-116 The Connecticut Warbler A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology Volume 34, Number 3 July 2014 CONTENTS 73 Mabel Osgood Wright Award

75 The 2013-14 Connecticut Christmas Bird Count Stephen P. Broker 98 Connecticut Field Notes Greg Hanisek 109 The Use of Morphometric Measurements to Determine the Sex of Bald Eagles From Photographs Donald A. Hopkins 113 Notes on Behavior, Status and Distribution Greg Hanisek 115 Photo Challenge Julian Hough

ON THE COVER

Hooded Merganser

Paul Carrier, a frequent contributor of cover art, created this spritely drake Hooded Merganser, a species showing gains on a number the state’s Christmas Bird Counts. See Steve Broker’s review of the 2013-14 Connecticut CBCs in this issue. MABEL OSGOOD WRIGHT AWARD 2014: Thomas R. Baptist

Patrick Comins presented the following at the 30th annual meeting of the Connecticut Ornithological Association on March 22, 2014.

Many of us have a seminal moment in our lives when we realize that we are a birder. For this year’s recipient of the Mabel Osgood Wright Award that moment occurred Decem- ber 15, 1970. As a 14-year-old he found a “baby” owl in a 12-foot-tall white pine sapling along the trail that borders the north side of Rockwood Reservoir in Greenwich. Curious as to why there would be a baby owl out in the wintertime, he reached out to the local Audubon chapter. They went back to the spot with him, and he learned it wasn’t a baby, but rather a Northern Saw-whet Owl. This experience ignited a passion in his life that has never gone out. Upon seeing his enthu- siasm for the discovery his mother said, "Maybe when you grow up, you can be a voice for the voiceless, so that precious places and moments like this can be protected forever."

Tom has more than fulfilled his mother’s vision. It is my great honor to present the 2015 Mabel Osgood Wright Award to my friend Tom Baptist. Tom earned his Master of Science degree in Environmental Science from the University of New Haven, studying Peregrine Falcons in his thesis work. He served as conservation director for the Town of Greenwich from 1978 to 1997, playing a pivotal role in the conservation of Great Captains Island when the island became a heron rookery, after the abandonment of Chimon Island. As a side venture, Tom worked on a project with a fellow Greenwich birder, Joe Zeranski. As anyone knows who has worked with Joe, he is a hard taskmaster! That hard work paid off in 1990 when Connecticut Birds was published by the Universi- ty Press of New England, the first compilation of the status of bird populations and distribution in Connecticut since 1913. Yes ladies and gentlemen, this year’s recipient literally wrote the book on Connecticut birds.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 73 74 In 1997, Tom became the founding executive director of Audubon Connecticut, establishing its Board of Directors in 1999 and leading the Connecticut State Office of the National Audubon Society to become a prominent force for conservation in Connecticut. Under his leadership, Audubon Con- necticut recognized and initiated significant conservation measures at 27 Important Areas, internationally recognized places that are critical habitat for birds. Under Tom’s leadership Audubon played a key role in the permanent protection of thousands of acres of open space in Connecticut, including hundreds of acres added to Barn Island Wildlife Manage- ment Area in Stonington, over one square mile of habitat in the tidal headwaters of the East River in Guilford, acre- age added to the Bent of the River, and more than 300 acres protected in the upper Farmington River Watershed in the Pasqurello and Leopold Sanctuaries. Tom also established Audubon’s strong presence in the legislative halls of Hart- ford, speaking out for better protection for birds and land.

Tom led the Long Island Sound Campaign in partnership with Audubon New York to advocate at the local, state, and federal levels for funding and regulations to clean up and protect the Sound – an effort that has significantly improved water quality in this estuary of national significance. Tom also pushed to have menhaden conservation be a priority bird conservation issue. Many of the birds we care so much about depend on these oily fish as the base of prey to survive and raise their families. You may have noticed that there are more alcids, gannets and other fish-eating birds in Long Island Sound. When I do, I thank Tom Baptist for his vision- ary leadership in the conservation of Long Island Sound and its watershed. In 2012, he assumed the National Audubon Society senior scientist position.

He is currently Superintendent of Public Works for the City of Hartford, where he is leading the effort “to make Hartford the greenest capital city in the country.” It is very reassuring to me that the care of such critical places as Keeney Park and Riverside Park in our state capital are in Tom’s very capable hands. Please join me in congratulating Thomas R. Baptist, the 2014 Mabel Osgood Wright Award recipient! THE 2013-14 CONNECTICUT CHRISTMAS BIRD COUNT By Stephen P. Broker

This year we had another fine statewide Christmas Bird Count. It is the 114th consecutive year of the national CBC effort and the 114th year that a count has taken pace in Con- necticut. A total of 658 field observers and 86 feeder watchers participated in the state’s 18 CBCs during the Dec. 14 – Jan. 5 window stipulated by National Audubon Society. In the process, 1,773 total party hours were logged, and 6,750 miles were covered by foot, car, and boat. In keeping with the Connecticut Christmas Bird Count review articles of recent years, each of the 18 counts occurring in the state is analyzed by reviewing its last 30 years of results, and on a species-by-species basis identifications are made of those birds that have been counted this year in record high totals, record low totals, species new to the count, and rarities (birds seen six or fewer times in the last three decades). The mass of CBC data collected on each count by our field observers and feeder watchers is kept in Excel spreadsheets that can be used in an effort to identify decade-long population trends

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 75 76 Broker for each species.

A number of our birds have been showing steady increases in their early winter populations. These include some dabbling and diving ducks (notably Gadwall and Hooded Merganser), Wild Turkey, loons, New World vultures, Bald Eagle, several buteos (Red-shouldered and Red-tailed hawks), an accipiter (Cooper’s Hawk), two falcon species (Merlin, Peregrine Falcon), alcids (still in low numbers in Long Island Sound but being seen more regularly), woodpeckers (Red-bellied Woodpecker, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker), Fish Crow, Carolina Wren, and a few “winter sparrows” (Fox Sparrow, White- throated Sparrow and Dark-eyed Junco). At the same time, some species have been evidencing steady and severe declines in numbers over the last one to three decades, among them American Black Duck, Ring-necked Pheasant, Northern Bobwhite, American Kestrel, Ruddy Turnstone, gulls (Ring- billed, Herring, and Great Black-backed gulls), American Crow, Northern Mockingbird, European Starling, American Tree Sparrow, Field Sparrow, Eastern Meadowlark, Purple Finch and Evening Grosbeak. Christmas Bird Count data can be compared with census data from our statewide Summer Bird Counts, breeding bird and other surveys, the Connecti- cut Breeding Bird Atlas (covering the years 1982-1986), and annual Connecticut Audubon Society “State of the Birds” reports in order to reinforce our understanding of species that are maintaining increasing, stable, or declining populations. These various censusing techniques now are being supple- mented by the rapidly expanding eBird database, launched 12 years ago by Cornell Lab of Ornithology and National Audubon Society. This year’s Connecticut CBC data tend to support the increasing or decreasing population trends listed above. A future article will focus more directly on those species which are either increasing or declining in their early winter numbers. For now, let’s consider this year’s Connecti- cut Christmas Bird Count data.

The 2013-14 total of 171 count day species and one count week species (Orange-crowned Warbler) represents an excellent result for our efforts. The species total compares favor- Christmas Bird Count 77

Martha Penella photo American Robin numbers fluctuate widely from year to year on Connecticut CBCs.

Ed Doyle photo Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers' increase as a breeding species is also reflected in higher CBC numbers.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 78 Broker ably with the record 30-year high statewide species total of 177 count day and one count week species in 2007-08. An average year produces about 166 species statewide. Remark- ably, we have recorded 263 different species of birds plus seven count week species over the the past 30 years. Those species seen only during the count period (three days before and three days after the designated count day) are: Chukar (1984-85), Atlantic White Pelican (2005-06), Gyrfalcon (1987- 88 and again in 1995-96), Purple Gallinule (1998-99), Piping Plover (1993-94), Budgerigar (1985-86) and Western Kingbird (2006-07).

Thirty-year record high counts (12 species) and low counts (11 species) were fairly balanced in number. Notable high species counts were recorded for Gadwall, Eurasian Wigeon, Black Scoter, Lesser Black-backed Gull, Snowy Owl (15!), Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (265!), Palm Warbler (20!), Song Sparrow and Dark-eyed Junco. Low species counts included the early winter numbers of Mallard, both cormorants, Ruddy Turnstone, Ring-billed Gull, Rock Pigeon (feral), American Crow, Red-breasted Nuthatch and Northern Mockingbird. One new species was added to the 30-year list: Black Guillemot. The list of rare species observed is impressive, consisting of Pacific Loon (seen three times in 30 years), King Rail (six times), Sandhill Crane CW (four times), Long- billed Dowitcher (five times), Dovekie (four times), Thick- billed Murre (three times), Common Murre (two times), Rufous Hummingbird (five times), Nelson’s Sparrow (three times, but note that earlier reports of Saltmarsh Sharp-tailed Sparrow included some identified Nelson’s Sparrows before the Nelson’s/Saltmarsh species split was recognized by the AOU), and Yellow-headed Blackbird (five times). With the exception of Sandhill Crane and Yellow-headed Blackbird, these species were seen on coastal counts. Other noteworthy species in the state included Harlequin Duck, Nashville War- bler, and for hybrid enthusiasts, a Gadwall X Mallard hybrid.

Let’s diverge from the usual AOU Check-List approach to reviewing the year’s CBC results and focus instead on the highlights of individual Christmas Bird Counts. Each count cov- Christmas Bird Count 79 ers a 15-mile diameter circle of land and water habitats with a designated center to the circle, as published in the National Audubon Society Christmas Bird Count website. There is slight overlap of a few of our Connecticut CBC circles, and several counts extend across state lines into neighboring New York and Rhode Island. Sponsoring organizations (bird clubs, Audubon societies) are responsible for coordinating the count day with a CBC compiler, a series of area captains, and representative coverage of more than 175 square miles of geography. Not surprisingly, some counts extend into eight or more neighboring towns. The majority of our compilers have served in their volunteer positions for many years, and the area captains often have been birding their sections of the circle for 1, 2 3, or more decades. Such dedication to the concept, philosophy and protocols of the Christmas Bird Count give us powerful tools for an analysis of changing bird populations. In keeping with tradition, the CBC data are maintained for six northern, five mid-state, and seven coastal Christmas Bird Count circles. Northern Counts (Barkhamsted, Edwin Way Teale - Trail Wood, Hartford, Litchfield Hills, Lakeville-Sharon, Storrs):

The six northern counts produced a total of 114 count day species, a respectable total yet far short of the record 124 species in 2001-02. Rarities included Cackling Goose, White- winged Scoter, and Red-necked Grebe (see below). Thirty- year record low counts outnumbered record high counts 2 to 1. Among the winners were Red-bellied Woodpecker (showing no sign of slowdown in its northward expansion), Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (expressing significant increase in numbers), and Song Sparrow (a good year for this species). The “losers” included Mallard (perhaps a temporary glitch in its otherwise expanding population), Sharp-shinned Hawk (down slightly), Herring Gull (where have all the landfills gone?), Rock Pigeon (what’s up with this?), Red-breasted Nuthatch (not a big year for this species exhibiting periodic incursion years), European Starling (undergoing a nation- wide decline?), Field Sparrow (a source of concern), Brown- headed Cowbird (no tears there), House Finch (a different

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 80 Broker problem of the eyes?), and House Sparrow (down more than 20%, but again no tears shed). Total field observers and combined field/feeder observers were at a new 30-year low, certainly a factor in the new low total of fewer than 80,000 individual birds counted on the northern CBCs. Combined numbers from the six northern counts give a 30-year list of 176 count day species.

Barkhamsted (CTBA), December 21, 2013, Litchfield Hills Audubon Society, Compiler David Tripp, Jr. Barkhamsted celebrated its 30th consecutive Christmas Bird Count this year. Count day temperatures ranged from 28 to 57 degrees Fahrenheit, with partly open still water and partly frozen moving water, clear to partly cloudy skies and no rain or snow throughout the day. Red-breasted Merganser was new to the count day, previously seen only as a count week bird. Greater Scaup, Red-necked Grebe, Eastern Phoebe and Snow Bunting were the best finds. Red-shouldered Hawk was well-represented for this northern count, and Northern Flicker, Carolina Wren and Hermit Thrush were in particularly high numbers. American Crow, Black-capped Chicka- dee and European Starling were comparatively hard to come by, however. The 75 count day species represent an excellent total in spite of the lowest number of total party hours in 30 years. The 30-year species total is 121 count day and one count week species (Long-tailed Duck in 2008-09).

Edwin Way Teale – Trail Wood (CTEW), December 29, 2013, Natchaug Ornithological Society, Compiler Susan Har- rington. The Trail Wood CBC was held first in 1986-87, and this year’s effort was the 28th in the last 29 years. Minimum temperature was 28 degrees Fahrenheit with a maximum of 42 degrees, leaving still water partly frozen and moving water partly open. A morning free of rain or snow gave way to an afternoon interrupted by heavy rain, bringing at least some field observations to a halt. One new species, Ameri- can Woodcock, was added to the 28-year total. Wood Duck, Bufflehead and Iceland Gull all were good finds for the day. Species counted in record high totals included Wild Turkey, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Winter Wren, Hermit Thrush and Christmas Bird Count 81 Gray Catbird. The only record low count was for American Tree Sparrow. Trail Wood has recorded 117 count day species since the count’s inception.

Hartford (CTHA), December 14, 2013, Hartford Audubon Society, Compiler Jay Kaplan. The Hartford count circle was chilly, with temperatures ranging from 13 to 22 degrees Fahrenheit. Not surprisingly, still water was frozen, moving water was partly frozen, and the day saw light snowfall throughout. While no new species were added to the Hart- ford 30-year list, rarities observed included Cackling Goose, Marsh Wren, Lapland Longspur and Eastern Meadowlark. Significant new high counts were recorded for Merlin, Red- bellied Woodpecker, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, American Robin (a 50% increase over the previous high count for this highly variable flocking bird), Song Sparrow and Dark-eyed Junco. Mallard numbers plummeted (down nearly 50% from the previous record low), and other species counted in record low numbers included Sharp-shinned Hawk (only one seen). Ring-billed Gull (down 37%), Herring Gull (down 75%!), Rock Pigeon (down 36%), Black-capped Chickadee, Tufted Titmouse, Northern Mockingbird (down 20%), European Starling, Field Sparrow (missed for the first time in more than 30 years), House Finch and House Sparrow. Hartford’s 87 count day species again made for the highest species total among northern counts. Hartford’s 30-year list of species totals 155 count day and two count week species (Virginia Rail in 1993-94, Yellow-breasted Chat in 1996-97), very lofty numbers indeed! Hartford long has been the envy of all Con- necticut counts in the number of observers in the field and at feeders, yet new 30-year low total party hours and total party miles may account for the 30-year low total individual birds counted. To be clear about this, nobody can touch Hartford for participation levels, yet in the mid- to late-1990s twice as many birders took part in Hartford CBCs as in recent years. We look for continued inspiration from Charter Oak country!

Litchfield Hills (CTLH), December 16, 2013, Litchfield Hills Audubon Society, Compiler Raymond Belding. Tempera- tures ranged from a chilly 16 degrees Fahrenheit to a high

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 82 Broker of 28 degrees, and birders had to deal with snow depths of 2 to 4 inches, although no snow or rain came down during the count. Still water was frozen, and moving water was partly open. Rare species seen included Red-breasted Mer- ganser, Iceland Gull, Eastern Phoebe and Chipping Spar- row. Red-shouldered Hawk was the only species achieving record high totals, while Mourning Dove, American Crow, American Tree Sparrow (down nearly 30% from the previous record low) and House Sparrow were in very low supply. Field observers, total observers, total party hours, and total individual birds observed were in record low numbers. Litchfield Hills has recorded 141 count day and three count week species (Blue-winged Teal in 2003-04, Peregrine Falcon in 1999-2000, and Glaucous Gull in 2003-04) over the past 30 years.

Lakeville-Sharon (CTLS), December 15, 2013, Housatonic Audubon Society, Compiler Robert Moeller. Temperatures barely exceeded freezing, ranging from 25 to 35 degrees Fahrenheit, while this northeastern locality had 5 to 8 inches of snow cover. Not surprisingly, still water was frozen and moving water was partly open. Cloudy conditions during the count were not augmented by snow or rain. Sixteen observers trudged through the field, and three more birders were at feeders. Peregrine Falcon was a species new to the count (30-year perspective), and White-winged Scoter, Merlin and Yellow-rumped Warbler were nice rarities found. New high counts were achieved for three duck species: American Wigeon, White-winged Scoter, and Ruddy Duck. Red-tailed Hawks were sparse in the skies, as were American Crow and American Tree Sparrow, and Belted Kingfisher was not to be found – missed for the first time in 30 years. Lakeville-Sha- ron’s 30-year list consists of 126 count day species.

Storrs (CTST), December 14, 2013, Natchaug Ornithological Association, Compiler Steve Morytko. Talk about cold, the temps for this count ranged from 14 to 19 degrees Fahren- heit. Pull on your parkas! Some areas of the count circle had 4 inches of snow on the ground, while other areas were free of snow. To add to that, morning birding hours had light Christmas Bird Count 83

Mark Szantyr photo Black-capped Chickadees were one of several common forest species recorded in sub-par numbers on the 2013-14 CBCs. snow, and afternoon hours saw heavy snow fall. Still water, partly open, moving water, party frozen. Twenty-eight field observers and five feeder watchers braved these conditions. What were the results? Well, 12 species were counted at record high totals and none at record low numbers. Among the new high counts were Ruddy Duck (124, when the previous high was 1!), Barred Owl, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (from a high of four up to 13 this year), Song Sparrow, White- throated Sparrow (up 36% from the previous high), Dark- eyed Junco and Common Grackle. Storrs also added a new species to the 30-year list, a lone Gadwall. The rarities found were Green-winged Teal, Ruddy Duck, Merlin count week, and Fish Crow, working its way upstate. Winter sometimes brings out the best in us. The 30-year list stands at 133 count day species and two count week species (Peregrine Falcon in back-to-back years of 2011-12 and 2012-13 and Short-eared Owl in 2004-05. Mid-State Counts (Oxford, Pawling, Quinnipiac Valley, Salmon River, Woodbury-Roxbury):

Five mid-state counts tabulated a total of 107 count day and one count week species (Long-tailed Duck). The only species counted in record high numbers was Yellow-bellied Sapsuck- er, but it shot up to 98 individuals seen, nearly 40% higher

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 84 Broker than the previous record high of 71 individuals in 2008-09 and 2009-10. Species in at least temporary decline included Mallard, Great Black-backed Gull (a continuing trend), feral Rock Pigeon, Great Horned Owl, American Crow (down nearly 50%!), Northern Mockingbird (down nearly 30%), European Starling (there’s a pattern here, statewide), and Field Sparrow (a scrubland species in decline). The mid-state counts did well with rarities: Cackling Goose, Long-tailed Duck count week, Horned Grebe, Golden Eagle, Glaucous Gull, Clay-colored Sparrow and Yellow-headed Blackbird. Over the past 30 years, mid-state counts have recorded 174 count day and two count week species (the introduced or escaped Chukar and Budgerigar).

Oxford (CTOX), January 5, 2014, Naugatuck Valley Audu- bon, Compiler Roy Harvey. The count was characterized by wide-ranging temperatures, with a low of 7 degrees Fahren- heit and a high of 31 degrees, with still water partly frozen, moving water open, clear to partly cloudy skies, light to no rain both morning and afternoon, and an absence of snow cover. Ten field observers covered this count circle. Clay- colored Sparrow was new to the count, and rarities included Merlin, Peregrine Falcon, Iceland and Lesser Black-backed Gulls, Eastern Phoebe, and Vesper Sparrow. Expanding numbers of Red-shouldered Hawks, Red-bellied Woodpeck- ers and Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers were consistent with their occurrence on northern counts, and Cedar Waxwing appeared in numerous small flocks. Field Sparrow was missed on the Oxford count for the first time in 30 years. The count has tallied 134 count day species over the past three decades.

Pawling, New York/Hidden Valley, Connecticut (NYHV), January 1 2014, Compilers Carena Pooth and Angela Dim- mitt. Chilly temperatures of 17 to 27 degrees Fahrenheit accompanied morning partly cloudy and afternoon partly clear skies, still and moving water partly open, and no rain or snow. Pawling’s best finds were Golden Eagle, American Woodcock (found for just the second time in 30 years), and Snow Bunting. Of the five species recorded at record highs, Winter Wren (14 individuals) and American Robin (4,472 Christmas Bird Count 85 birds, an increase of nearly 350 per cent over the previous high) were most noteworthy. With 78 species recorded on count day, only feral Rock Pigeon fell to a record low total. A total of 133 count day and three count week species (Bar- row’s Goldeneye in 2011-12, Chukar in 1984-85, and Brown Thrasher in 1987-88) have been seen on the Pawling/Hidden Valley count beginning with the 1984-85 CBC.

Quinnipiac Valley (CTQV), December 15, 2013, Quinnipiac Valley Audubon Society, Compilers Melissa Baston and Corrie Folsom-O’Keefe. Temperatures ranged from 20 to 37 degrees Fahrenheit under cloudy or partly cloudy skies with heavy morning snow and both still and moving water partly open. Quinnipiac Valley dealt with 4 to 7 inches of snow on the ground, similar to the situation at Storrs the day before. Most interesting rarities were Cackling Goose, Com- mon Loon and Iceland Gull. Reflecting a developing pattern, there were record numbers of Red-bellied Woodpecker and Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, abundant Eastern Bluebirds, and a strong supply of Dark-eyed Juncos. Mallard numbers were depressed, and Great Black-backed Gull was missed for the first time in 30 years. American Crow numbers also slumped. Quinnipiac Valley has very effectively boosted its numbers of field observers in recent years, yet slightly more than 11,000 individual birds counted this year represent a 30-year low total. Total party hours also have been higher in most recent years. The 30-year species list stands at 149 count day species, highest of all mid-state CBCs. (Horned Grebe was seen count week 31 years ago and now drops off the 30-year list.)

Salmon River (CTSR), December 15, 2013, Mattabeseck Audubon Society, Compiler Joseph Morin. Light morning snow delayed the start of birding for many field observers with temperatures ranging from 25 to 34 degrees Fahrenheit and cloudy or partly cloudy skies. Snow was a factor on the Salmon River count, as well, with depths of 3 to 6 inches. As expected, still water was frozen while moving water was partly frozen. A Long-tailed Duck observed at Bashan Lake in Moodus on December 16 most likely was present on count

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 86 Broker day but was not picked up due to the field team not getting to this often productive water body on a day of abbreviated field time. Too bad. Dark-eyed Junco numbers were high, and Red-winged Blackbirds and Common Grackles observed streaming across a power line cut, also in Moodus, made for big totals. There’s something to be learned every year! Her- ring Gulls and Northern Mockingbirds reflected statewide declines. American Pipit was a good find, as was Chipping Sparrow. Time spent at feeders was up, but the inclement weather dampened total party hours to a new 30-year low. There have been 138 count day and one count week species (Long-tailed Duck this year) tallied on the 30-year list.

Woodbury-Roxbury (CTWR), December 14, 2013, Western Connecticut Bird Club, Compiler Ken Elkins. Cool temperatures characterized all December 14 CBCs, with Woodbury- Roxbury experiencing chilling lows of 12 degrees Fahrenheit and a high of 22 degrees. Snow depth ranged from 0 to 4 inches under cloudy A.M. and P.M. skies, but a major factor was the heavy snowfall on the morning of the count followed by light snow in the afternoon. Two species, Horned Grebe and Yellow-headed Blackbird, were new to the Woodbury- Roxbury 30-year list. Best rarities were Greater Scaup and Glaucous Gull, with Vesper Sparrow being another nice find. No new high counts were achieved, but 13 low counts were indicative in part of the difficult birding conditions. Ameri- can Black Ducks (25 total this year) are variable in numbers from year to year in this count circle. A single Ring-necked Pheasant kept this species from being missed for the first time, and most of the lowest totals of pheasants have occurred in the last ten years. Rock Pigeons have plummeted here, and Mourning Doves also were comparatively scarce. The American Crow population censused is severely dimin- ished this year. Black-capped Chickadee and White-breasted Nuthatch are two widely distributed species that set record low counts. Northern Mockingbird was at 33% of its previous low total. Similarly, House Sparrow numbers have crashed this year. Some of these low numbers can be attributed in part to the weather conditions, including a 30-year low total number of individual birds counted and low total Christmas Bird Count 87

Mark Szantyr photo Ruffed Grouse remains a species in steep decline, a trend underscored by CBC data. party hours. Woodbury-Roxbury has recorded 144 count day and four count week species (Brant in 1988-89, Long- tailed Duck in 1988-89 and 2004-05, Budgerigar in 1985-86, and Western Tanager in 2000-01) over the course of the last 30 count years. Coastal Counts (Greenwich-Stamford, Napatree, New Ha- ven, New London, Old Lyme-Saybrook, Stratford-Milford, Westport):

Our seven coastal counts this year produced 164 count day and two count week species (these being Glaucous Gull and Orange-crowned Warbler). Two species and a hybrid are new to the 30-year list, with Sandhill Crane making a count day appearance (the species was count week in 1991-92) and Black Guillemot being a standout alcid sighting. The Gad- wall X Mallard report has been noted already. This year’s rare coastal species are mentioned above. Cackling Goose and Clay-colored Sparrow also are deserving of note. Fully 25% of all coastal species were recording in record high or record low numbers. Four Tundra Swans were particularly unusual. Hard to find diving ducks included three Harle- quin Ducks, and two Barrow’s Goldeneyes. A total of 58

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 88 Broker Bald Eagles signal a continuing resurgence of this species. Undoubtedly the avian story of winter has been the unprecedented irruption of Snowy Owls into New England, with 15 Snowies decorating the coastal shorelines of Connecticut. Yellow-bellied Sapsucker and Common Raven are two species with clear trends of increasing numbers, and Carolina Wren has not been dampened by recent winters of greater snow cover. Speaking of snow, there were lots of Snow Buntings to count thanks largely to birds observed along the coast between the Housatonic and the Connecticut rivers. There is continuing concern about the dwindling numbers of American Kestrels on the Connecticut CBC with just two seen along the coast and three others inland. Among the sandpipers, Ruddy Turnstone is becoming more difficult to find. Whereas it was not unusual for us to count more than 900 Northern Mockingbirds coastally in the 1980s and early to mid-1990s, we were down to 251 individuals coastally this year. In 30 years, coastal counts have recorded 248 different species on count days and an additional 8 species seen only during count week.

Greenwich-Stamford (CTGS), December 15, 2013, Audubon Greenwich, Compiler Gary Palmer. Snow cover here of 3 to 6 inches also affected field observations, with temperatures

Bruce Finnan photo It wasn't a notable year for lingering warblers overall, but Palm Warblers were logged in good numbers. Christmas Bird Count 89

Mark Szantyr photo No one is lamenting the long-term decline of the European Starling, which is reflected in plummeting CBC totals. ranging from 28 to 36 degrees Fahrenheit. Partly clear morning skies gave way to a partly cloudy afternoon, with no new precipitation occurring. Greenwich-Stamford’s best birds were four Tundra Swans (the first ones recorded here since 1989-90), six Razorbills, a Snowy Owl, and three Red-headed Woodpeckers (a family unit?). The Gadwall X Mallard hybrid also was found here. Ten new 30-year high counts outweighed six new 30-year low counts. The highs included 50 Snow Geese, 34 Black Vultures, 34 Yellow-bellied Sapsuck- ers and 10 Common Ravens. Both American Black Duck and Mallard numbers sank to new lows, and the three Great Horned Owls reported were far below the 30-year average of 17 Great Horned Owls on the count. Pied-billed Grebe was missed for the first time in 30 years. The count has recorded 187 count day and four count week species (Greater White- fronted Goose in 2002-03, Purple Gallinule in 1998-99, Laugh- ing Gull in 1984-85 and 1998-99, Lincoln’s Sparrow in 2012- 13) in the last 30 years.

Napatree, Rhode Island-Connecticut-New York (RINT), December 22, 2013, Compilers Shai Mitra and Glenn Wil- liams. The Napatree CBC was conducted under unseason-

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 90 Broker

Mark Szantyr photo Dark-eyed Juncos were among the group of species found in above-average numbers on the Connecticut CBCs. ably warm conditions, with temperatures of 49 to 52 degrees Fahrenheit. This warm spell led to local fog throughout the day, with light rain in the morning. Still water remained frozen and moving water partly frozen. Winds gusted to 16 mph. Two great coastal finds new to the count were Pacific Loon and Thick-billed Murre, with a Black Guillemot also being sighted for the second time in this count’s 12-year history. House Wren was an inland rarity. Being the youngest of our 18 CBCs (the Napatree count circle takes in portions of Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New York), the count would be expected to set numerous new high totals, and such was the case for 22 species. Among them were Gadwall, Iceland Gull, Lesser Black-backed Gull, the four Snowy Owls sighted, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Downy and Hairy woodpeckers, Carolina Wren, Eastern Bluebird, European Starling (certainly not the trend elsewhere for this species), Palm Warbler, Song Sparrow, Swamp Sparrow, and Eastern Meadowlark. Several diving ducks were in short supply (Bufflehead, Com- mon Goldeneye, Red-breasted Merganser), and singleton Double-crested and Great cormorants were found. Napatree benefited from record numbers of field observers (31) and a new high number of total party hours. The 12-year list for Napatree now stands at 179 count day species.

New Haven (CTNH), December 14, 2013, New Haven Bird Christmas Bird Count 91 Club, Compiler Christopher Loscalzo. Light snow and cloudy skies in morning and afternoon presented some chal- lenges to field observers, with temperatures ranging from 17 to 30 degrees Fahrenheit. Inland areas had up to 2 inches of snow cover. Winds ranged from 10 to 20 mph, and still water was partly open, moving water partly frozen. Best birds on or near Long Island Sound were a female Harlequin Duck, a drake Barrow’s Goldeneye and a Snowy Owl. King Rail (last reported in the New Haven count circle in 1989-90), a tree- hugging Red-headed Woodpecker observed for many weeks in Downtown New Haven, and a Nashville and four Pine warblers added to the list of rarities. A remarkable 13 Palm Warblers reinforced the old adage about a bird in the hand. Dark-eyed Juncos were found in abundance. The 127 Rusty Blackbirds reported were welcome sightings for a bird apparently in serious decline. On the negative side, Long-tailed Ducks were scarce, Pied-billed Grebe was missed for the first time in 30 years, and such common birds as Mourning Dove, Black-capped Chickadee, and House Finch achieved new lows. The 23 Northern Mockingbirds seen were far below the previous record low of 65 individuals, and European Starling (2,211) continues its 30-year decline. New Haven has tabulated 202 count day and seven count week species (Gyr- falcon in 1987-88, Black-legged Kittiwake in 1992-93, Boreal Chickadee in 1987-88 and 1989-90, a Veery recovering from previous injury in 1989-90, American Redstart in 1993-94, Wilson’s Warbler in 2001-02, Bullock’s Oriole in 1991-92) over the last three decades.

New London (CTNL), December 28, 2013, Compiler Robert Dewire. Partly cloudy to cloudy skies, temperatures climbing from 22 to 47 degrees Fahrenheit, and an absence of rain or snow made for good birding conditions at New London. Water bodies were open or partly open. Best birds were American Bittern, Long-billed Dowitcher (last seen here in 1999-2000), Common Murre (also seen two years earlier), two Snowy Owls and an Eastern Phoebe. Hooded Mergansers continue to increase in early winter numbers here and elsewhere. There were a number of flocks of Cedar Waxwings. Most notably, New London counted more than 15,000 Red-

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 92 Broker winged Blackbirds. This species is more highly variable in numbers from year to year than any other. Associated flocks of Brown-headed Cowbirds (712 individuals) also set a record high count. Pine Warbler and Baltimore Oriole were additional nice finds. Only one Gadwall was spotted, and the reduced numbers of feral Rock Pigeon on the statewide count were experienced at New London, also. New London’s 30- year species list includes 190 count day and fur count week (Osprey in 1990-91 and 2005-06, Western Kingbird in 2006-07, Black-and-white Warbler in 1990-91, Orange-crowned War- bler in 1998-99) species.

Old Lyme-Saybrook (CTOL), January 5, 2014, Potapaug Audubon Society, Compiler Barbara Hawes. Frigid early morning temperatures gave way to above-freezing afternoon conditions, as Old Lyme-Saybrook dealt with 2 to 6 inches of snow cover. Light rain interrupted portions of morning and afternoon. Most water bodies were frozen. The count added two Eurasian Wigeons, two Snowy Owls, and a Clay-colored Sparrow to the 30-year list. Snowy Owl previously had been seen during count week in 1994-95 and 2011-12. Two Common Eiders also were reported. Significant high counts were made for Gadwall (331, up from a previous high of 44), American Wigeon and Green-winged Teal. Snow Buntings (1,140) also were well represented on the count. There were no record low counts. Old Lyme-Saybrook has recorded 190 count day and four count week species (Gyrfalcon in 1995- 96, Sandhill Crane in 1991-92, Piping Plover in 1993-94, and a stunning male Painted Bunting at a feeder in 1989-90 and 1990-91) over the last 3 decades.

Stratford-Milford (CTSM), December 22, 2013, Compiler Steve Mayo. The unusually warm and consequently foggy conditions at Napatree on this date also prevailed at Strat- ford-Milford, with a temperature range of 47 to 57 degrees Fahrenheit – veritable shirt-sleeve weather. Still bodies of water retained some frozen sections. The one addition to the 30-year list was a count week Sandhill Crane, the species making its fourth appearance on a Connecticut CBC in the last 30 years. Among the excellent rarities seen were Christmas Bird Count 93 Black Vulture, Long-billed Dowitcher CW, Glaucous Gull CW, Common Raven, Orange-crowned Warbler CW, and Baltimore Oriole. Five of the state’s Snowy Owls were found here. Red-bellied Woodpecker and Yellow-bellied Sapsucker were in record high numbers. No species were observed in new low counts. The 30-year list includes 183 count day and three count week species (Sandhill Crane this year, American Oystercatcher a year ago, Blue-gray Gnatcatcher in 1985-86).

Westport (CTWE), December 15, 2013, Connecticut Audubon Birdcraft Museum/Kymry Group, Compilers Mardi Dick- inson and Townsend Dickinson. Temperatures through the day never made it out of the 30s, as Westport birders dealt with 2 to 8 inches of snow cover and light winds from the northwest. The snow cover and light morning rain contrib- uted to record low counts for a dozen species, yet Westport added one new species to its 30-year list, a Rufous Hum- mingbird. Additional rarities were two Eurasian Wigeons, Barrow’s Goldeneye, six Common Ravens and a Baltimore Oriole. Coastal birds counted in high numbers were Com- mon Loon (56) and Northern Gannet (6). More than two dozen American Pipits were observed. Westport’s own flocking bird frenzy consisted of a record high 412 Common Grackles, up from the previous high of 52 individuals. Unlike other counts in the state, Westport missed finding Yellow-bellied Sapsucker for the first time in 30 years. American Crow, Black-capped Chickadee, White-breasted Nuthatch, Northern Mockingbird, and Northern Cardinal all were in short supply. American Tree Sparrow (only nine counted) continues a dramatic slide downward in numbers, and Savannah Spar- row was missed for the first time. Total observers (field and feeders) have remained in the 30s for the last few years, due in part to a substantial reduction in feeder watchers on this count since the 1980s. Greater numbers of field observers also participated in earlier years. Westport’s species total for the past 30 years stands at 178 count day and 4 count week species (Cackling Goose in 2010-11, American White Pelican in 2005-06, Willet in 1985-86, and Red Crossbill in 2012-13).

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 94 Broker L TE 1 4 4 1 3 1 2 2 6 1 2 9 4 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 8 3 7 5 3 TA 7 8 3 5 4 1 0 1 1 22 49 15 85 24 87 71 26 14 10 19 31 16 19 48 23 56 23 12 17 15 12 32 10 67 92 15 82 68 93 51 23 17 126 129 156 159 937 345 750 365 113 120 136 118 985 653 116 198 483 892 157 172 159 580 155 122 142 101 451 115 144 596 315 397 241 603 176 863 265 958 652 TA 1697 1352 3219 1365 4734 1646 5558 9799 2413 4087 4852 1216 2617 2191 6760 1157 1045 2049 1456 5278 4110 1572 13785 21799 45061 11836 11163 S TO 2013 1 1 4 2 7 1 1 6 1 6 1 1 3 1 1 1 6 4 3 1 7 1 2 4 2 4 4 5 8 2 4 3 7 5 1 4 2 5 1 0 9 84 10 79 25 15 11 10 47 27 56 36 60 22 42 18 10 22 14 16 25 83 73 22 49 W E 150 199 428 600 163 103 446 171 415 502 139 245 165 274 1706 2034 1002 15/ 12/ 2013 4 7 1 6 1 1 6 1 1 3 1 1 5 3 5 3 3 2 3 2 1 1 1 4 9 1 1 3 2 5 8 1 1 2 6 6 1 2 2 8 3 4 5 6 3 8 7 2 11 55 26 54 69 18 31 16 17 11 36 13 94 63 88 60 22 73 30 SM CW 138 291 CW CW CW CW 236 105 CW 295 511 284 182 192 457 128 323 129 275 264 119 138 1402 2280 1029 2788 2237 1780 22/ 12/ 14 3 6 1 2 2 1 1 4 1 4 3 1 2 4 1 8 1 1 1 6 3 4 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 7 5 1 7 2 13 50 51 10 51 20 23 17 96 13 31 39 38 45 98 70 11 16 82 17 18 26 10 12 33 73 23 20 55 69 05/ O L 385 136 137 281 115 773 122 312 176 996 135 644 271 236 331 740 CW 224 102 113 107 232 113 1266 1972 1390 01/ 2013 3 1 1 2 8 1 4 1 1 2 9 6 5 1 4 3 1 2 7 3 3 5 2 1 2 8 1 8 6 1 1 7 7 8 21 99 18 20 29 13 12 10 19 22 37 10 40 22 12 18 80 12 91 34 10 20 13 15 20 22 22 85 27 60 46 43 75 NL 170 231 367 171 191 321 576 198 129 438 846 459 331 655 158 114 211 174 132 288 107 28/ 1185 3716 4263 1384 12/ 2013 7 1 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 2 1 9 2 4 1 1 5 1 1 1 9 1 5 2 2 1 6 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 6 6 6 4 27 11 96 20 13 29 29 92 10 11 78 14 31 85 10 93 23 13 33 97 15 51 13 31 68 28 89 17 39 76 89 51 34 NH 187 367 300 138 CW 452 725 207 289 195 217 CW 288 120 170 14/ 1216 1302 1274 1136 5686 1255 1681 2417 12/ 2013 S 2 1 1 1 4 2 1 1 3 2 3 1 2 1 5 1 8 7 1 1 2 5 5 1 7 3 1 1 1 4 1 1 3 2 1 2 3 2 2 1 8 3 6 1 1 15 20 62 44 90 10 78 34 16 35 20 26 24 93 22 14 54 40 10 10 16 44 12 51 14 38 10 34 12 71 66 19 81 65 NA 209 150 138 683 135 394 543 209 383 334 182 187 115 120 196 101 22/ 1264 2743 1307 UNT 12/ CO AL 2013 T 4 1 5 1 7 0 3 7 4 1 2 1 1 2 7 1 6 5 6 1 3 1 3 1 1 7 2 4 3 5 50 30 99 20 11 26 15 10 13 18 20 30 34 39 84 40 61 37 17 39 35 92 14 18 71 34 53 11 84 48 60 G S 121 CW 108 303 506 CW CW CW CW 259 222 125 163 327 687 234 462 230 699 392 138 179 192 409 1182 4114 1040 1766 1136 1100 15/ AS 12/ CO 2013 5 1 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 5 4 7 3 1 2 2 1 4 1 2 6 1 2 1 4 1 2 2 6 8 14 34 10 38 18 13 25 17 17 74 24 39 35 28 11 48 W R 732 123 198 245 431 125 217 362 111 121 314 148 3343 1626 14/ 12/ 2013 2 1 3 3 5 1 8 4 3 3 2 1 2 1 1 2 4 3 9 7 2 19 12 12 10 36 92 75 13 25 79 13 20 47 13 17 SR 648 CW 144 190 583 236 334 266 109 138 140 234 116 15/ 12/ 2013 2 1 1 4 4 5 8 4 1 3 2 1 1 9 1 7 1 1 2 9 1 2 2 1 7 9 4 1 0 45 10 56 11 12 78 51 11 70 89 10 58 11 44 47 13 17 99 38 Q V 142 183 216 178 325 283 262 462 106 272 161 15/ 2259 1298 12/ S 14 UNT 2 1 1 3 7 4 7 5 1 4 2 1 2 6 1 4 1 1 3 1 3 3 16 23 21 17 37 43 19 10 16 14 81 29 11 83 31 45 46 67 10 27 76 01/ PA 720 808 100 348 221 109 321 659 529 482 188 380 220 200 4472 CO E 01/ AT 14 T 9 1 7 1 1 2 1 6 5 1 1 7 1 6 6 4 5 7 5 2 1 1 1 1 1 5 3 60 77 18 16 27 38 89 19 19 24 48 12 15 74 05/ O X 230 176 145 137 148 241 373 358 549 162 267 122 DS 1201 I 01/ M 2013 8 3 5 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 6 5 1 3 8 1 3 3 5 1 8 7 8 2 25 27 23 14 71 36 16 12 73 13 25 15 16 35 32 66 ST 192 522 189 865 124 CW 188 158 239 437 196 161 212 147 257 123 14/ 12/ 2013 U NT 5 5 2 1 8 1 1 7 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 0 4 7 3 5 1 8 7 2 9 7 15 70 21 16 21 31 20 21 36 96 39 72 32 39 66 35 65 LS 176 221 485 136 324 210 110 162 6493 15/ 12/ R D C O B I 2013 AS 5 3 1 1 1 7 1 2 3 6 4 1 4 3 8 6 1 4 4 2 4 1 7 1 7 1 2 78 25 66 14 24 22 10 24 29 24 77 15 15 41 24 33 35 66 LH 512 448 267 CW 152 115 328 832 310 150 122 M 1327 16/ T S 12/ CH RI 2013 1 1 9 9 1 1 2 4 1 9 3 1 9 3 7 3 2 1 6 3 1 9 5 2 1 3 4 1 3 5 3 26 39 81 95 18 16 44 15 54 36 81 54 15 52 31 HA 223 188 113 250 355 405 471 743 197 584 320 228 152 6600 7000 2482 14/ CUT I 12/ CT S NNE 2013 2 1 2 1 4 1 1 4 2 2 1 7 4 3 2 5 2 3 2 7 1 7 7 22 13 20 34 35 15 32 34 30 70 23 17 11 10 61 88 72 EW 488 121 125 261 217 209 127 411 109 498 UNT 29/ CO 4 1 12/ 0 2 - RN CO 3 1 2013 0 HE 3 1 2 1 1 3 3 1 1 2 8 1 4 1 6 1 3 2 8 1 8 2 1 4 7 29 51 19 10 13 62 13 44 26 15 35 17 62 73 17 2 BA 134 148 142 109 CW 617 136 240 119 535 323 654 243 176 127 1055 RT 21/ H E 12/ T NO ) . l on id l er h er r ant ul l er er er c er k ul b h et m k w k or H k c l - A k et d adee k ant m k hat uc e er O w k ( ngl r e Hy er k i er ) ed G her gans aw k er ES l uc hat l k er d ut c or O ght ed G er k I k c oc ngl k i aw ot r al i e t er aw er er k w eal ul het l i l ut aps hi r k c D l h- el n d k egs ebe k ov oodpec e on l t l ngbi uc l er heas n r lla on r e r el w e k i ul w er k ll f per oodpec e k er t w e ant i ur - en her gans o l bac ebe haw one c ed H e k e er id a uc es ai p. deney ow r er h i rre u t k i - r ed N deney ed C ned K geon t r s bac m ow aw gans e i oodc t i geon t ac t pe ow eet e G ul en or uc l eec - m al k c oot r obi der er p. ov i e l i es l d ol s l ous l nt ur av b k i i k ed S annet os SPEC ed M ed N aw k r ol r ar oos aup ned N ane hov i aw hr il , an oodpec M s l l r i t ned K ed Loon k us er ebe t t ns k G er uebi ni oos l der r ed P ed D ed P ai en aup en m ned O ur c hoebe l ow s c el ous en r ul es ul ak i ed G nned H oodpec e m G ey ed O agl ac um eeper t er r w r pec , d w l e' r nged T wl Mu ille p. r bi r ed O ul ngf k k r H t c l ed W ed M an uc ot i G hr ed D andpi r nged S eas t i k ur w ed D i k n D i l ue H ac S ng l uc i ow c oos oodpec H y l or or il C ed G hi ow n u c R egged H l l l l p. s ll X i S Y ed H ant geon ( ar l bac c ul n S n P oat n G n H n G n S n F n S s l s l l ot Ra ' l r apped C s bel l l ne F i er o ill w at H ' s r w an W an B an B an K an C an W an C an R l l ng D eas eas V , W S s i B d O on E on G on M on Loon on R T r agl Loon t il le - w p. n S n P br n B W D T ai an W ur ie c ay c bel headed G c ear bi d s ng G houl c t b r a S al i ous c c c c c c c c e- na W t bi ear er C B er B H or ia ed W G i hr ai P i c S - V - - - G - , i i i i i i i i e nec nec i - r b as bi e S e W - W k r ni n C l P h W i C wa br t nec s t headed W bel br ng G pi er er p- er s t m m m m m - e- ehead ey er er e- er er ny Ra i i f k k k k k k k ow ed O her her her her her her her her k on' C r S ed G e , equi y lin l k k w y e o i n ed T s li n t ed K t i t t t m e S lla ow d s s l t t l ned G t t t r t t t ned Lar ol m as f r den E egr pl and G r den- f ous f k er er er er er er er er r g t c d E t l g c ll a r c d T s h aup, ot mmo n v z o g l l nt een- eat eat eat eat eat eat ow ay a eat a ant auc ow ood D hi i c i hi i ng- ng- apper ac ed- ac ac ac ac l ue J ac ut our onk ar a e adw r r c c r or r ol r el l r r r ol r o ac anada G or or anv i om ar om ooded M om ed- uddy i uf ed- om or ed- or oubl or ooper or ed- ed- ough- l uddy er oc or uf ed- ed- ow ai or or om or edar ous uby er now r ur m m ur l uf ar ac i m l l al har m er in ir m andhi l illd ander ur m l onapar la as n ar hor el el i as l m l r as m undr ur hi uf i s c S B C C M T W G E A A M M G N N G C R G Les s C H S W B s Long- B C B H C R R R R W R P C P H R N D G c A G B B T B N S C N A R R R G A M P C K V A S B K G R S P Du Long- W A B B Rin H I Les G G gul C Do T Ra B R M M E G S B Long- S N R B R R Y D H N P E N B A F c C H B T R W B C H W M G R E H A G Christmas Bird Count 95 L TE 1 4 1 0 1 1 7 3 2 2 6 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 8 4 1 3 1 1 4 4 7 1 4 3 1 9 TA 3 5 4 8 12 15 17 22 15 24 87 26 14 10 56 49 71 23 31 16 19 48 23 85 19 12 82 68 93 10 67 92 15 32 17 23 51 126 129 156 159 596 172 985 159 937 345 750 653 483 892 157 365 113 120 136 118 116 198 580 155 122 115 101 451 315 144 142 397 603 176 265 241 863 652 958 TA 1697 4734 1365 1646 1352 3219 1045 4852 1216 5558 9799 2413 4087 2191 2617 6760 1157 1456 5278 4110 2049 1572 45061 11836 13785 21799 11163 S TO 2013 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 3 1 7 2 4 2 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 4 3 6 6 4 5 4 3 7 1 4 2 4 5 8 5 1 0 2 9 27 25 42 84 10 10 47 15 11 79 36 56 18 60 22 10 14 25 16 83 73 22 49 22 W E 150 274 428 600 163 199 446 103 171 165 502 139 245 415 1706 2034 1002 15/ 12/ 2013 4 2 5 3 7 1 1 5 2 3 3 1 1 6 1 3 1 9 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 5 4 6 3 8 2 6 2 1 6 8 2 4 1 1 3 8 5 3 6 2 7 55 11 11 31 88 54 18 16 17 26 69 36 13 94 63 22 73 30 60 SM CW 138 275 182 CW 105 291 CW 295 511 CW CW CW 236 284 192 323 129 128 457 119 264 138 1402 2280 1029 2237 1780 2788 22/ 12/ 14 3 1 2 2 2 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 4 3 2 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 6 6 8 5 1 7 1 7 31 26 13 51 50 51 20 13 23 17 96 10 38 45 98 39 11 17 70 16 10 82 18 33 73 23 20 12 69 55 05/ O L 385 331 115 122 136 281 773 137 176 996 CW 271 236 740 135 644 312 102 113 107 224 232 113 1266 1390 1972 01/ 2013 3 1 1 2 1 1 8 3 3 5 2 2 1 1 3 2 6 5 1 4 1 2 1 4 7 9 8 8 7 1 1 6 8 7 22 20 21 10 99 18 22 13 10 19 40 20 29 37 12 10 22 18 80 12 91 34 20 15 12 13 85 27 60 46 22 75 43 NL 231 170 367 191 576 171 321 129 438 114 331 655 846 459 198 158 174 132 211 288 107 28/ 3716 4263 1185 1384 12/ 2013 2 6 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 2 1 4 1 5 2 2 9 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 9 1 1 1 2 5 6 1 1 5 1 6 4 6 27 13 20 11 31 96 78 13 29 92 85 11 14 29 10 97 13 31 93 23 33 15 51 10 68 28 76 89 17 39 34 51 89 NH 187 217 300 138 367 CW 725 CW 289 195 207 452 120 288 170 14/ 1302 1216 5686 1255 1274 1136 1681 2417 12/ 2013 S 2 1 2 1 3 5 1 3 3 3 4 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 8 7 2 1 1 5 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 5 7 4 1 8 1 2 3 1 1 6 20 44 12 78 15 34 44 90 35 10 20 62 16 10 51 22 24 10 14 54 40 16 93 26 38 10 34 12 71 66 14 19 81 65 NA 209 150 138 683 187 394 135 383 334 182 543 209 196 115 120 101 22/ 1264 2743 1307 UNT 12/ CO AL 2013 T 4 1 2 1 5 1 7 0 3 2 1 7 3 1 7 4 1 2 1 1 1 6 5 6 1 3 7 3 4 5 40 50 30 39 99 20 34 15 84 13 18 20 11 30 26 10 35 92 39 61 37 14 17 18 71 34 53 11 84 48 60 G S CW 125 163 303 506 121 CW 108 CW CW CW 259 222 327 462 230 699 392 138 687 234 192 409 179 4114 1040 1182 1766 1136 1100 15/ AS 12/ CO 2013 2 6 5 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 4 2 1 4 1 5 7 3 4 1 4 1 1 2 2 8 1 2 6 14 34 10 18 38 13 25 17 74 24 39 35 28 17 11 48 W R 123 732 198 125 217 362 245 431 121 314 111 148 3343 1626 14/ 12/ 2013 2 1 1 3 5 8 3 3 3 1 4 2 2 1 2 4 3 7 1 9 2 19 12 12 10 92 25 75 13 20 47 13 13 36 79 17 SR 648 CW 144 190 583 109 236 334 266 140 234 138 116 15/ 12/ 2013 2 1 4 4 5 8 1 4 2 1 1 2 9 4 1 1 3 1 1 2 9 1 9 1 2 1 7 7 0 45 10 56 11 12 89 78 11 58 70 11 44 47 13 17 51 10 38 99 Q V 142 183 216 178 325 283 262 462 106 272 161 15/ 2259 1298 12/ S 14 UNT 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 7 2 7 5 4 2 1 1 3 2 6 4 3 3 3 16 23 21 17 37 43 19 10 16 14 29 81 83 31 45 46 67 10 27 11 76 01/ PA 720 808 348 221 109 321 659 100 529 482 188 380 220 200 4472 CO E 01/ AT 14 T 9 1 1 7 1 4 1 1 2 1 6 5 1 7 1 6 6 5 7 5 2 1 1 1 1 5 3 60 16 77 38 89 19 19 24 48 12 15 18 27 74 05/ O X 230 176 145 137 148 241 373 358 549 162 267 122 DS 1201 I 01/ M 2013 8 5 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 6 3 8 3 3 5 8 8 2 1 3 5 7 25 23 36 73 16 14 71 16 12 13 25 15 35 32 27 66 ST 189 192 522 124 865 CW 188 158 239 437 161 212 196 147 257 123 14/ 12/ 2013 U NT 8 5 5 2 1 1 1 7 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 0 4 7 3 9 5 1 8 7 7 2 15 70 20 21 21 96 31 36 16 21 72 32 39 39 66 35 65 LS 136 176 221 485 324 210 110 162 6493 15/ 12/ R D C O B I 2013 AS 3 5 1 1 7 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 6 4 4 3 8 6 1 4 4 4 7 7 1 2 24 78 77 15 66 14 22 41 10 25 24 15 24 29 24 33 35 66 LH 512 448 267 CW 152 115 328 832 310 150 122 M 1327 16/ T S 12/ CH RI 2013 1 1 9 9 1 1 4 1 3 7 3 2 1 1 2 3 1 2 9 1 9 3 6 3 9 5 1 4 3 5 3 39 18 16 15 26 81 95 44 54 36 81 54 15 52 31 HA 223 188 113 250 355 405 471 743 197 584 320 228 152 6600 7000 2482 14/ CUT I 12/ CT S NNE 2013 2 1 2 1 4 1 1 4 2 2 1 7 4 3 2 5 2 3 2 7 1 7 7 22 13 20 34 35 15 32 34 30 70 23 17 11 10 61 88 72 EW 488 121 125 261 217 209 127 411 109 498 UNT 29/ CO 4 1 12/ 0 2 - RN CO 3 1 2013 0 HE 3 1 2 1 1 3 3 1 1 2 8 1 4 1 6 1 3 2 8 1 8 2 1 4 7 29 51 19 10 13 62 13 44 26 15 35 17 62 73 17 2 BA 134 148 142 109 CW 617 136 240 119 535 323 654 243 176 127 1055 RT 21/ H E 12/ T NO ) . l on id l er h er r ant ul l er er er c er k ul b h et m k w k or H k c l - A k et d adee k ant m k hat uc e er O w k ( ngl r e Hy er k i er ) ed G her gans aw k er ES l uc hat l k er d ut c or O ght ed G er k I k c oc ngl k i aw ot r al i e t er aw er er k w eal ul het l i l ut aps hi r k c D l h- el n d k egs ebe k ov oodpec e on l t l ngbi uc l er heas n r lla on r e r el w e k i ul w er k ll f per oodpec e k er t w e ant i ur - en her gans o l bac ebe haw one c ed H e k e er id a uc es ai p. deney ow r er h i rre u t k i - r ed N deney ed C ned K geon t r s bac m ow aw gans e i oodc t i geon t ac t pe ow eet e G ul en or uc l eec - m al k c oot r obi der er p. i ov e l i es l d ol s l ous l nt ur av b k i i k ed S annet os SPEC ed M ed N aw k r ol r ar oos aup ned N ane hov i aw hr il , an oodpec M s l l r i t ned K ed Loon k us er ebe t t k ns G er uebi ni oos l der r ed P ed D ed P ai en aup en m ned O ur c hoebe l ow s c el ous en r ul es ul ak i ed G nned H oodpec e m G ey ed O agl ac um eeper t er r w r pec , d w l e' r nged T wl Mu ille p. r bi r ed O ul ngf k k r H c l t ed W ed M an uc ot i G hr ed D andpi r nged S eas t i k ur w ed D i k n D i l ue H ac S ng l uc i ow c oos oodpec H y l or or il C ed G hi ow n u c R egged H l l l l p. s ll X i S Y ed H ant geon ( ar l bac c ul n S n P oat n G n H n G n S n F n S s l s l l ot Ra ' l r apped C s bel l l ne F i er o ill w at H ' r s w an W an B an B an K an C an W an C an R l l ng D eas eas V , W S B s i d O on E on G on M on Loon on R T r agl Loon t il le - n S n P n B w p. br W D T ai an W ur ie c ay c bel headed G c ear bi d s ng G houl c t b r a S al i ous c c c c c c c c e- na W t bi ear er C B er B H or ia ed W G i P hr ai i c S - V - - - G - , i i i i i i i i e nec nec i - r b as e W - bi e S W k r ni n C l P h W i C wa br t nec s t headed W bel br ng G pi er er er p- t s m m m m m - ey er er er e- ehead e- er ny Ra i i f k k k k k k k ow ed O her her her her her her her her k C r on' S ed G e , equi y lin l k k w y i n e o ed T s li n t ed K t i t t t m e S lla ow d s s l t t l ned G t t t r t t t ned Lar ol m as f r den E egr pl and G r den- f ous f k er er er er er er er er r g t c d E t l g c ll a r c d T s h aup, ot mmo n v z o g l l nt a een- eat eat eat eat eat eat ow ay eat a ant auc ow ood D hi i c i hi i ng- ng- apper ac ed- ac ac ac ac l ue J ac ut a e our onk ar adw r r c c r or r ol r el l r r r ol r ac anada G or or anv i om ar om ooded M om ed- uddy i uf ed- om or ed- or oubl or ooper or ed- ed- ough- l uddy er o oc or uf ed- ed- ow ai or or om or edar ous uby er in ir illd la n now r ur m m ur l uf ar ac i m l l al har m er m andhi l ander ur m l onapar as ar hor el el i as l m l r as m undr ur hi uf i s c S B C C M T W G E A A M M G N N G C R G Les s C H S W B s Long- B C B H C R R R R W R P C P H R N D G c A G B B T B N S C N A R R R G A M P C K V A S B K G R S P Du Long- W A B B Rin H I Les G G gul C Do T Ra B R M M E G S B Long- S N R B R R Y D H N P E N B A F c C H B T R W B C H W M G R E H A G

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 96 Broker L L 3 6 TE TE 1 4 1 4 2 4 1 2 2 3 4 1 2 4 1 3 3 1 2 6 1 2 9 4 7 1 5 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 8 1 3 3 1 1 6 1 3 3 6 2 1 6 8 1 2 9 4 7 1 5 1 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 8 TA TA 7 7 7 3 5 4 8 3 5 1 4 8 1 0 1 1 2 1 1 0 1 1 24 86 22 22 49 15 85 24 87 71 23 19 26 31 16 19 14 10 56 48 23 11 49 25 15 85 24 87 71 23 19 26 31 16 19 14 10 56 48 23 12 12 17 17 15 15 12 32 68 93 10 67 92 15 12 32 10 34 68 20 93 10 67 92 15 20 81 82 82 51 51 17 23 17 23 95 126 126 129 156 129 156 222 937 750 113 120 118 937 750 113 120 118 985 159 345 653 116 198 483 892 157 365 172 985 136 159 345 CW 833 653 235 116 436 198 483 892 157 365 172 136 409 159 159 580 155 122 580 101 155 122 101 115 144 142 163 142 238 115 144 142 451 315 397 187 451 315 171 397 596 596 241 241 863 863 603 176 265 603 658 744 176 265 958 958 652 652 TA TA 2688 1697 1697 4734 1646 1352 4734 1646 1352 3219 1365 3219 1365 1864 4087 4087 5558 1216 5558 1216 9799 2413 4852 9799 2413 7948 3854 4852 2191 6760 4502 4567 2191 6760 2617 1157 2017 2617 7096 1157 1045 1045 5278 4110 2049 3279 5278 4110 2049 1456 1456 1572 1572 10855 17754 45061 11836 13785 45061 21799 11836 13785 21799 32673 11163 11163 18070 6756. 1772. S S TO TO 309715 od) i er n ount ount P 5 ount 2013 2013 ount 1 1 1 5 7 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 6 3 7 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 6 3 4 2 1 6 6 1 7 1 2 4 4 2 1 0 1 6 6 1 7 1 2 4 4 4 2 2 4 5 2 4 5 1 2 4 3 7 5 1 4 8 4 5 3 3 7 5 1 0 4 8 4 4 2 2 9 5 1 0 5 1 0 1 9 9 C 57 84 84 25 15 11 10 10 79 47 25 15 22 11 10 10 79 47 13 27 27 36 60 27 86 66 36 60 56 18 22 10 12 56 18 22 10 42 42 16 83 73 22 69 16 83 73 22 14 25 14 25 30 25 22 22 49 49 C W E W E 412 107 150 150 199 199 164 428 600 163 428 600 163 481 446 103 446 103 171 415 171 415 139 165 443 139 144 102 165 502 245 502 102 245 274 274 124 344 C een i 60. 1706 1706 2034 1002 2034 1002 gh C 15/ 15/ ount 12264 i or or S C f H Low f 12/ 12/ ( ot es es i i ear ear s eek e N Y Y 5 pec m pec 2013 2013 i ear W 4 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 5 7 1 3 1 3 4 1 4 3 5 7 1 3 1 3 4 6 1 1 6 9 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 5 6 1 3 1 6 1 9 3 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 5 3 3 2 5 2 5 1 1 1 1 2 2 8 6 1 2 8 3 4 6 1 2 6 2 8 3 3 4 6 2 1 8 3 4 4 5 5 3 3 6 6 8 8 7 3 7 2 2 11 55 11 39 75 55 13 54 54 31 26 69 31 26 10 93 69 17 18 14 17 18 16 16 37 11 11 94 94 36 13 36 13 63 63 88 88 60 60 33 22 73 30 22 28 29 73 30 30- 30- S T SM SM CW 421 CW CW 138 138 291 291 CW CW CW 249 CW 105 511 CW 105 CW 511 CW CW 295 CW 236 182 146 CW CW 295 CW 236 182 284 284 192 457 192 457 128 323 129 128 194 163 125 323 129 115 275 275 264 264 119 138 113 119 138 146 745 t e S 1402 1402 2280 2280 1029 1029 2888 2237 2237 2788 2788 1780 1780 22/ 22/ 238. 21964 s r ount ew ew ar ew 30 Y i 12/ 12/ F C N N R N 14 14 5 nd 75 3 3 4 2 1 1 4 1 1 1 4 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 6 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 6 3 6 3 2 4 4 1 8 1 1 2 1 1 2 6 4 3 1 9 2 2 4 4 1 8 1 1 2 1 1 2 4 1 1 0 2 2 7 7 1 1 1 5 1 1 1 7 5 7 5 2 1 2 9 52 51 51 51 20 13 10 51 20 13 10 50 13 17 96 50 94 34 10 13 17 96 23 23 29 31 31 39 39 38 45 38 45 11 16 11 16 98 17 18 70 13 22 98 17 18 70 82 10 82 10 26 26 12 12 39 33 73 23 20 33 52 54 73 23 20 55 55 69 69 05/ 05/ ge O L O L XX XX XX XX 385 385 136 136 360 281 281 115 137 122 115 114 147 137 122 773 121 773 CW 312 312 176 996 135 271 236 176 996 282 135 317 536 105 271 236 CW CW 644 118 644 331 740 331 740 224 224 113 107 232 162 113 107 232 103 311 102 102 113 113 1266 1266 2685 1390 1390 1972 1972 304. 97. 18101 Le 01/ 01/ 2013 2013 3 3 8 1 1 5 1 1 1 1 5 3 7 1 1 5 3 7 2 8 1 1 3 2 9 6 1 4 1 3 2 5 2 4 2 2 2 8 3 3 1 4 1 3 2 9 6 1 4 1 3 2 5 2 4 1 1 2 2 8 8 8 6 1 1 6 8 0 6 1 1 7 7 1 1 7 7 8 8 99 18 29 13 21 12 99 18 29 13 21 12 22 37 19 10 40 22 32 27 37 19 10 40 20 10 20 10 51 22 22 12 12 18 80 12 18 80 12 20 15 20 91 13 34 15 10 22 27 91 13 34 15 10 22 22 20 20 22 22 40 85 27 60 46 85 27 45 50 60 46 43 31 43 75 75 NL NL 283 231 231 170 170 367 367 171 171 141 191 191 561 576 576 321 184 328 321 712 198 198 129 438 846 331 655 129 438 524 846 379 652 279 137 331 655 114 114 459 158 122 459 158 211 211 174 132 288 269 174 132 288 107 107 28/ 28/ 4375 3716 3716 4263 1185 4263 1185 1384 1384 1326 43172 15008 12/ 12/ 2013 2013 6 1 1 2 1 1 2 7 1 1 9 2 1 4 5 1 1 7 1 9 1 1 4 1 1 1 9 2 1 4 5 1 1 9 1 1 0 2 1 1 1 5 1 2 1 0 2 1 1 1 5 1 2 2 2 1 1 6 6 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 5 5 1 1 1 6 5 5 3 1 1 6 1 4 2 6 1 6 4 6 4 6 6 27 27 10 20 11 10 20 11 10 96 78 14 29 29 31 92 85 96 78 38 16 14 29 29 31 92 85 13 11 13 10 13 11 23 10 10 93 93 33 78 33 97 23 15 13 97 11 23 15 13 31 31 51 51 13 13 76 76 68 28 89 17 39 68 28 85 95 89 17 39 51 89 10 51 89 34 34 NH NH 127 187 187 367 367 362 138 CW CW 138 CW 300 300 146 304 452 452 725 207 289 195 725 111 207 659 694 267 120 289 195 CW CW 119 217 217 288 288 120 170 255 120 170 137 812 551 14/ 14/ 1489 1302 1302 1216 1216 2211 1263 5686 5686 1255 1274 1136 1255 1274 1136 2417 2417 1681 1681 30397 12/ 12/ d or f ook 2 rd br 25 2013 2013 am S S o t f 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 0 4 4 1 3 1 5 1 1 8 5 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 5 1 1 8 5 3 3 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 1 7 2 1 1 2 5 1 7 1 1 1 1 4 2 3 2 6 2 2 7 1 1 1 1 1 7 2 1 1 2 5 1 7 1 1 1 1 4 2 3 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 6 1 1 1 3 6 1 1 1 1 8 3 1 8 l 15 15 10 10 78 34 20 62 16 44 90 35 78 34 50 20 47 62 72 14 16 44 90 35 46 20 20 26 26 22 24 14 54 40 28 22 24 14 54 40 10 10 16 93 39 54 10 10 16 93 51 51 44 12 44 12 66 14 19 66 14 19 38 10 81 34 12 71 38 67 10 31 31 81 34 12 71 65 25 65 ay S NA NA 209 209 150 138 150 138 461 CW 355 359 683 177 683 394 209 383 334 394 239 209 506 631 240 383 334 187 135 187 135 543 182 543 128 182 115 120 251 115 120 196 165 410 196 101 101 22/ 22/ 1264 7868 1264 2743 2743 1307 1307 n S 319. 22887 101. h- s e UNT UNT -Mi t c e- i v 12/ 12/ rd ee m r o por f CO CO t ount t London w H a eenw es ra C d Ly AL AL r 5 t l l apat ew 2013 2013 T T a W t 4 4 6 1 7 1 2 5 3 5 7 3 7 7 3 7 4 1 1 2 7 1 1 0 2 1 1 6 5 6 3 1 1 1 3 4 1 1 2 2 7 1 1 8 0 2 1 1 6 5 6 3 1 1 1 3 7 7 2 2 3 5 4 1 3 5 5 4 5 5 S G Ne N O N 11 30 15 10 18 30 15 10 18 50 99 20 20 11 30 34 26 39 50 84 99 20 20 11 65 30 34 26 39 84 13 66 13 52 40 40 61 61 35 37 92 14 17 18 35 26 21 37 92 14 17 18 39 39 11 11 71 84 34 53 15 71 63 74 84 34 53 48 48 60 60 G S G S s 121 121 641 303 506 CW 303 506 CW 108 CW CW CW 108 CW CW CW CW CW 259 259 222 180 222 125 163 125 163 327 234 462 699 392 327 179 234 393 963 304 462 699 392 125 687 230 138 687 109 230 138 192 409 179 284 192 409 179 783 = 1560 1665 4114 4114 1828 1040 1182 1040 1182 1766 1766 1136 1100 1136 1100 15/ 15/ AS AS = 182. = 25950 E S L = oa A L = M = 12/ 12/ S CO CO C G N NH = N O W 75 5 2013 2013 3 2 3 5 4 5 4 5 3 1 4 5 4 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 1 4 1 2 6 1 1 2 2 1 2 2 1 5 1 1 2 1 4 1 2 6 7 4 7 4 1 1 2 2 6 8 1 4 2 4 2 1 5 1 2 2 6 0 8 1 2 5 14 14 34 10 34 12 10 15 84 11 38 52 38 13 13 18 18 25 17 25 28 17 28 11 22 29 11 17 74 24 39 35 17 86 20 23 74 24 39 35 48 48 83 W R W R 609 123 732 116 123 732 136 125 217 362 208 598 184 125 217 362 245 198 431 245 156 198 431 121 314 111 148 197 121 314 111 148 81. 3343 3343 1387 1626 1626 14/ 14/ 12556 401. 12/ 12/ 2013 2013 2 4 2 1 3 3 5 1 8 4 1 3 2 1 5 3 3 5 1 8 4 3 2 3 3 5 1 1 2 1 2 4 3 1 6 1 2 8 1 2 4 1 3 1 9 7 9 7 2 2 2 2 19 19 14 16 43 12 95 12 12 12 36 80 36 10 10 13 13 13 92 25 79 75 13 20 47 13 29 92 25 70 37 51 79 75 13 20 47 17 17 SR SR 566 648 648 275 276 CW 144 190 CW 144 190 583 132 583 236 334 266 155 406 235 236 334 266 109 109 171 140 234 138 116 174 243 140 234 138 116 15/ 15/ 1257 7556 12/ 12/ CT , y lle a 85 11 2013 2013 V 2 2 1 4 4 5 1 4 3 1 4 4 5 1 4 8 8 5 8 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 2 9 1 2 9 1 2 1 7 4 1 1 7 3 1 9 3 2 5 1 1 1 2 9 1 2 0 9 1 2 1 7 4 1 7 9 9 0 1 3 0 y 11 45 10 11 12 45 37 10 20 11 12 56 18 14 56 51 79 51 89 78 10 89 78 17 14 10 17 11 58 70 11 44 47 13 38 11 58 83 26 31 70 11 44 47 13 38 38 99 99 n Q V Q V 142 142 183 216 183 216 178 325 283 182 475 153 182 178 325 283 262 462 106 272 262 161 124 178 462 106 272 161 15/ 15/ 1264 2259 2259 1494 1298 1298 e 11326 134. 579. d bur ey l 12/ 12/ S S ox al r Hid / R e - ts V 14 14 5 y UNT UNT n ac NY u 2 2 7 4 2 7 5 1 1 4 2 1 1 3 2 6 1 4 1 1 3 7 2 4 1 2 4 7 5 1 1 4 2 1 1 0 3 2 6 1 4 1 1 3 9 1 1 3 3 3 1 4 3 , Ri v 16 16 23 21 17 19 10 14 23 19 21 18 17 19 10 14 37 43 16 20 37 43 16 29 81 11 29 81 27 33 11 27 83 31 45 46 67 10 83 78 43 45 31 45 46 67 10 76 76 01/ 01/ PA PA o pi 720 720 808 100 221 321 659 808 375 100 167 576 265 193 115 221 321 659 348 109 108 348 109 529 482 188 380 220 529 200 212 285 482 188 380 220 200 g n 1242 1649 4472 4472 d CO CO 605. 15727 o r C E E 01/ 01/ nni fo oodbur lm wlin te ui a a AT AT 14 14 ta 7 W T T 5 O x Q S P -S 9 0 9 1 7 1 1 2 1 6 5 1 1 7 1 6 6 4 5 1 5 2 7 1 5 1 1 1 4 9 2 1 6 5 1 0 1 7 1 6 6 4 5 5 2 7 2 7 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 5 1 3 3 = = = 27 60 14 13 36 60 16 77 18 27 16 77 15 18 10 47 84 27 15 38 89 19 19 24 48 12 24 25 38 78 10 10 89 19 19 24 48 12 74 74 05/ 05/ = O X O X 230 633 230 176 148 241 373 176 686 627 224 392 104 148 241 373 145 137 145 137 358 549 162 267 122 358 151 386 549 162 267 122 DS DS d 76. R 1201 1201 8243 I I V 414. A R = 01/ 01/ M M Mi O X P Q S W 2013 2013 25 8 1 5 8 5 1 2 1 1 1 6 1 3 8 3 3 5 5 1 8 2 1 2 1 1 1 6 1 1 3 8 3 3 5 8 2 3 3 5 1 1 7 3 3 4 3 5 1 1 7 1 8 1 8 25 11 25 23 23 14 27 12 16 14 27 94 12 16 71 36 16 73 13 25 15 35 32 39 71 36 68 16 73 28 33 73 13 25 15 35 32 66 66 ST ST 192 189 522 134 192 189 522 124 CW 158 239 437 670 880 124 471 175 CW 158 239 437 865 865 145 128 396 188 188 196 161 212 147 257 123 196 161 198 253 212 147 257 123 1418 9289 14/ 14/ 91. 12/ 12/ 5 5 2013 2013 U NT U NT 2 3 3 2 3 2 1 8 1 7 2 5 1 1 1 1 0 9 5 7 2 2 1 8 2 1 7 7 2 5 3 1 0 1 1 1 0 9 5 7 2 5 5 1 1 4 7 3 1 8 5 7 5 1 4 1 4 7 3 1 8 7 15 15 20 21 96 20 21 96 70 21 36 16 21 31 70 21 44 36 34 34 16 69 16 19 21 31 39 72 32 39 66 35 39 65 72 31 89 32 39 66 35 65 LS LS 176 221 136 485 176 685 221 136 485 210 110 162 720 133 106 101 210 110 162 324 324 49. 6493 6493 15/ 15/ 312. 11110 12/ 12/ R D C O R D C O B I B I 5 2013 2013 95 AS AS 5 3 4 2 5 3 1 1 1 1 7 1 2 3 6 4 1 4 3 8 6 1 4 4 2 4 1 7 1 7 1 1 2 1 7 1 2 1 2 3 3 2 6 4 1 4 3 1 8 1 6 1 4 4 2 4 1 7 1 7 1 2 24 77 15 15 24 24 77 15 14 15 24 78 25 66 14 24 22 41 10 24 78 29 80 11 49 25 80 21 23 66 14 24 22 41 10 24 29 33 35 66 33 35 66 LH LH 512 448 104 860 107 153 512 448 267 CW 152 115 328 832 310 150 267 122 668 136 292 117 CW 242 209 152 115 328 832 310 150 122 M M 1327 1327 8330 16/ 16/ 69. 451. T T S S 12/ 12/ CH RI CH RI ood 2013 2013 1 1 9 9 1 1 2 4 1 9 3 1 9 3 7 3 2 1 6 3 1 9 5 2 1 1 1 9 3 9 4 1 3 5 1 3 1 3 1 2 0 4 5 1 2 4 6 9 3 1 9 3 7 0 3 2 1 6 3 1 9 5 2 1 3 4 1 3 5 3 26 39 81 95 18 16 44 15 54 36 43 19 26 48 21 12 29 39 38 81 87 97 11 95 18 16 44 15 54 36 81 54 15 52 31 88 81 54 15 52 31 HA HA 223 188 113 250 223 758 744 166 108 198 188 113 250 355 405 471 743 197 584 320 228 152 355 588 411 619 541 405 471 743 197 584 320 228 152 467 W 6600 7000 6600 2482 2389 1468 5666 7000 2482 1733 14/ 14/ l 36483 CUT CUT I I ai r 12/ 12/ CT CT T e, S S 5 NNE NNE 5 on eal 2013 2013 2 1 2 1 4 1 1 4 2 2 1 7 4 3 2 5 2 3 2 2 7 1 7 7 1 1 2 1 2 4 8 7 4 1 1 4 0 0 2 2 1 7 4 3 2 5 2 3 2 7 1 7 7 T 22 13 20 34 35 15 32 34 22 30 15 19 13 54 32 55 20 67 10 10 34 35 15 32 34 30 70 23 17 11 10 61 88 70 72 37 23 17 32 68 94 11 10 61 88 72 EW EW 488 121 125 261 217 209 127 411 488 109 498 121 116 683 106 125 261 217 209 127 411 109 498 UNT UNT s 48. ed har 29/ 29/ 6111 1554 278. CO CO t ay S s 4 4 Hills 1 1 12/ 12/ e- d ld l 0 0 r l ount i n W 2 2 ie o i s ham f - - f r RN CO RN CO t k ev h r 3 3 r n C c dw o 1 1 5 r ar 5 i t 2013 2013 0 0 HE HE E 3 1 2 1 1 3 3 1 1 2 8 1 4 1 6 1 3 2 8 1 8 2 1 4 7 3 1 5 1 2 1 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 8 1 4 1 1 6 2 7 1 3 2 8 1 8 2 1 4 7 Ha B St L 29 51 19 10 13 62 13 44 26 15 35 17 62 29 73 17 15 83 51 60 39 10 97 19 75 21 28 10 13 62 13 44 26 15 35 17 62 73 17 Lak he 2 2 BA BA 134 148 142 109 CW 617 136 240 119 535 323 654 134 243 176 148 127 480 506 142 109 CW 145 733 155 CW 329 265 617 136 240 119 535 323 654 243 176 127 t 72. = 1055 8249 1055 RT RT 21/ 21/ 403. = = = = or A W H E H E H = 12/ 12/ T NO T NO N B E HA L LS ST ) ) . . ow r l l on on es id id l l er er i h h er er r r ant ant d er ul ul l l er er er er er er c c r er er k k es ul ul b b d h h et et m m i k k s par w w bl er k k r or or H H ow k k ow c c ow bi l l - - d A A s r d r k k pec r et et d d adee adee r k bl bi k k S ant ant ar m m r k k hat hat uc uc k e e er er O O w w k k ( ( ngl ngl r r oat e e S Hy Hy ow er er k k i i her er er ) ) er pec h ed G ed G hat her her gans gans aw aw k k er er bi S h' r ES ES l l uc uc hat hat l l ar k k L er er d d ut ut c c or or O O c ght ght ar ac ed G ed G er er v k k I I k k c c par oc oc ngl ngl par k k i i hr k l l c par ow aw aw l ot ot r r al al i i e e t t er er i s aw aw t e ow er er S er er k k w w eal eal ul ul het het l l i i nc l l ut ut aps aps hi hi r r l o k k c c D D l l at er i ng r h- h- n el n el d d k k egs egs ebe ebe k k ngbi er ov ov oodpec oodpec s e e on on i l l ow s t t l l ngbi ngbi w uc uc i TA nal l l er er pur heas par heas n n k ow r r lla lla on on r r e e l ac r r el el w e w e k k eek i i es l e ul ul w w d er er r k k ll ll f f l per per oodpec oodpec e e k k er er t t w w l e e ay r ant ant i i ur bl ur t - - en en her her k gans gans o o l l bac ow bac df ebe ebe ed C haw haw r one one c c ed H ed H e e ow i k k e e er er id id a a uc uc ng es es ow ai ai p. p. deney deney ow ow our i ned W r di r er er h h l t i i er rre rre u u bs t t k i k i i - r - r r ed N ed N deney deney W ed C ed C ned K ned K her geon t geon t io hee ow r r s s bac bac ar r m m ow ow ps aw aw gans gans e e ed S ac ee S i oodc i oodc par t t unc i i geon geon t t pe pe ac t ac pi t ow ow eet eet e e G G ul ul ol r t r en en or or uc uc I l l eec v eec ar - - m m al al k c k c oot r obi oot r obi der der er er p. p. TO D W ov ov i i e e er l i es l i i es l l d d ol ol r s s l l r ous ous ow l l nt nt ur ur av edpol av b b oc ng h h k k i w i ned S i i el k k ed S ed S annet os annet os ped W SPEC SPEC ed M ed N ed M ed N aw aw k k r r p. ol ol r r ar ar ar oos oos er ow aup aup ned N ned N par ane ane hov i aw hr hov i aw hr H M il il dual , , an an oodpec oodpec i M M s s l l l l r r i i t t ned K ned K ed Loon ed Loon k k us us r er er par ebe ebe t t t t k ns k ns G G er er i uebi uebi as ni ni eadow oos oos l l der der ow r r r ed P ed P ed D ed P ed D ed P ai ai ed S en en aup aup en en m ned O m ned O ur ur c hoebe l c hoebe l ow ow ow bl s s c el c el ous ous en en ow r r er y y ul ul es es ul ul ak ak i i ed G nned H ed G nned H oodpec par oodpec ckb e e m m G G ey ey O r ed O ed O agl agl um um ac ac eeper eeper s t eas t er er r r in v w w par r bl r pec pec , , d d w w oat l d O l e' e' r r nged T nged T r t t wl wl Mu Mu ille ille p. p. r r bi bi r r ed O ed O ul ul ngf ngf k k k k r r nc nc H H t t c l c l ax ed W ed W ed M ed M an an uc uc ot ot , i i G G hr hr ed D ed D andpi par andpi r r nged S nged S eas eas t t i i k k ur i ur S i w w ed D ed D i i ow hr k k a c n D i n D i l l ue H ac ue H ac S S e ng ng k l l uc uc i i ow ow um or c c oos oos oodpec oodpec H y H y l l or or or or il il C C ed G ed G hi hi ow ed J ow ar l n n u u c R c R egged H l egged H l l l l l l l p. p. s s e W ll X ll X i i S Y S Y ed H ed H ant ant unt geon ( geon ( ar r ar l bac l bac c ul c ul n S n P oat n G n H n G n S n F n S n S n P n M oat n G n C n H n G n S n F n S s s l l el s s r l l l l bs ot ot Ra Ra ' l ' l par s r apped C r apped C s s bel r br headed B bel l l l l ne F l ne F ount ount ar i i er er o o ill ill hr w w at at S H H headed C ar ar ' ' s r s r w w i eeder an W an B an B an K an C an W an C an W an B an R an P an T an B an G an K an C an W an C an R l l l l par nged B ng D ng D eas eas eas eas V V , , l W W S s i B S s i B d d O O on E on G on M on Loon on R T on E on Y on G on M on Loon on G on R on R T r r agl agl Loon Loon t t is il le il le - - - - - w p. n S n P br n B w n T t c n M p. n S n P br n B W W D T D T i ai ai an W an W i ol ur ur ie ie ng S ndi c c ay ay c bel headed G c p S c bel headed G c o ear ear W bi bi d d s s ng G ng G houl c houl c t t b b r r a S a S al i ous al i ous par c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c c e- e- ow na W na W t bi ear t bi ear er C B er B H er C B er B H or or ia ia ed W ed W G G B i i hr ai P hr ai P i ey i c c S - V - - - S - V - - - G G - - , , i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i e e nec nec nec nec i i - - r r b b as bi e S e W - as bi e F e F e S e S e W - c W W k r k r ni ni n C n T W n- n C l P l P r h W h W I C C F F O P P i i C C wa wa br t nec s t headed W bel br br t nec w s t headed W bel br ng G ng G pi pi er er er p- er s t er p- er s t m m m m m m m m m m - m m m y B - - e- ehead ey er er e- er e- ehead er annah ' e- e- er ey er er e- er er er - ny on' ny Ra S Ra i i i i f f k k k k k k k k k k k k k k ow ed O ow ed O her her her her her her her her her her her her her her her her her her and Longs k k on' C r on' C r S S ed G ed G e e , , equi y equi y lin lin l l k k k hv k w y w y e o e o i n i n ed T ed T s s li n li n t ed K t t t t ed K t i t t t t per annah S i t t t t im m m e S e S lla lla S ow ow ow ow ow d d s s l s s l t t l ned G t t t r t t t ned Lar ol t m t t l ned G k t t t t r t t t ned Lar ol m d S as f r den E egr pl and G r as den- opean S f r pl den E egr pl and G r den- f ous f ous f k f k er er er er er er er er er er er er er er er er er er er r ppi s r g g t al al al al al al al al t c c d E t l m l l l d E t l g c e g c ll a r ll a r c c d T s d T am s h h aup, ot aup, ot mmo mmo st n v z n v z o lt o g g l l nt l l nt een- eat eat eat eat eat eat ow een- ay eat ange- eat eat eat eat eat ow ay a a eat eat a a ant auc ant ow ow ow auc ow ood D hi i c i hi ood D i hi av i hi hi c i hi i ng- ng- apper ng- ay ng- apper ac ed- ac ac ac ac l ue J ac ac ne W ed- ac ac ac ac l ue J ac ut our onk ut ar our onk ar a e a e el adw r r c c r or r ol r el l r r r adw ol r r r c r c par r or r ol r el l r r r ol r o o ac anada G or or anv i om ar om ooded M om ed- uddy i uf ed- om or ed- or oubl or ooper or ed- ed- ough- l uddy er oc or uf ed- ed- ow ai or or om or ac anada G edar ous uby or er or anv or i edar om ar as om om hi ooded M l om ed- uddy i uf el ed- om or edar or oubl or ed- u om or ous ooper om or ed- ous ed- ough- l uddy er oc or uf ed- ed- ow ai or or om or edar ous uby er now r ur m m ur l uf ar ac i m l l al har m er in ir m andhi l illd ander ur m l onapar la as n ar hor el el i as l m now r l r ur m m as m r ur m ur al l i el el uf as m ar es av ong S ac w i now m as el l l r al a ur har in m m er in ir m andhi l illd ander ur m l onapar la as n ar hor el el i as l m l r as m undr ur hi uf undr i ox ur ot ot ot ot ot ot ot ot hi uf i s i s c c S B C C M T W G E A A M M G N N G C R G Les s C H S W B s Long- B C B H C R R R R W R P C P H R N D G c A G B B T B N S C N A R R R G A M P C K V A S B K G R S P Du Long- W A B B Rin H I Les G G gul C Do T Ra B R M M E G S B Long- S N R B R R Y D H N P E N B A F c S C B H C B C T M R T W W B G C E H A W A M M G M R G E N H N A G G C N R B G E Les A s C C O H N S C W P B P s Y Long- Y B E C A B C H C C F R V R S R S R N W F R S P S C W P W H s R D N Lapl D S G N c R A E G Y B R B C T B B B N P S H C C N P A A R H R R G T A T M T P T C K T V T A T S T B K G R S P Du Long- W A B B Rin H I Les G G gul C Do T Ra B R M M E G S B Long- S N R B R R Y D H N P E N B A F c C H B T R W B C H W M G R E H A G Christmas Bird Count 97 3 6 2 1 3 1 1 3 3 6 1 6 8 1 7 24 86 11 25 20 10 34 81 20 95 222 833 235 409 CW 436 142 238 163 187 171 658 744 2688 1864 7948 3854 2017 4502 4567 7096 3279 10855 17754 32673 18070 6756. 1772. 309715 od) i er n ount ount P 5 ount ount 1 5 1 0 1 3 5 3 0 1 9 1 C 57 13 22 27 12 86 66 25 30 69 C 412 107 481 164 443 144 102 102 124 344 C een i 60. gh C ount 12264 i or or S C f H Low f ( ot es es i i ear ear s eek e N Y Y 5 pec m pec i ear W 3 1 3 1 1 4 1 3 4 3 1 4 3 39 13 75 14 93 37 10 28 29 33 S 30- 30- T CW 421 249 CW CW 146 194 163 125 115 146 745 113 t e S 2888 238. 21964 s r ew ount ew ew ar 30 Y i N C N N R F 5 nd 75 4 2 1 9 1 1 1 2 0 5 1 1 9 52 34 29 94 10 13 22 52 54 39 ge XX XX XX XX 360 121 114 147 CW 282 317 536 105 118 103 311 162 2685 304. 97. 18101 Le 8 5 1 4 2 1 2 3 3 6 0 32 27 51 15 22 27 45 50 40 31 283 561 712 141 184 328 137 524 379 652 279 122 269 4375 1326 43172 15008 6 1 4 1 1 4 6 2 3 10 38 16 23 13 10 78 11 85 95 10 127 304 362 CW 146 120 111 659 694 267 119 137 812 255 551 1489 1263 2211 30397 d or f ook 2 rd br 25 am o t f 2 2 2 0 6 7 1 1 1 3 1 l 50 47 46 14 72 28 39 54 31 31 67 25 ay S 461 177 CW 355 359 239 506 631 240 128 165 251 410 7868 n S 319. 22887 101. h- s e -Mi t c e- i v rd ee m r o por f t ount t London w H a eenw es ra C d Ly r 5 t l l apat ew a W t 2 7 6 3 2 8 1 5 5 5 S G Ne N O N 11 52 66 65 26 21 63 74 15 s 641 180 179 393 963 304 109 125 284 783 = 1560 1828 1665 = 182. = 25950 E S L = oa A L = M = W C G N NH = N O S 75 5 2 3 3 1 4 1 5 4 2 5 0 5 15 12 11 84 52 29 86 20 23 22 83 609 116 136 156 208 598 184 197 81. 1387 12556 401. 4 1 5 5 1 6 8 1 2 2 14 16 95 43 80 29 70 37 51 566 275 132 276 155 406 171 235 174 243 1257 7556 CT , y lle a 85 11 V 3 8 5 3 9 5 0 1 3 y 11 18 37 14 20 79 38 14 83 26 31 n 182 475 153 182 124 178 1264 1494 e 11326 134. 579. d bur ey l ox al r Hid / R e - ts V 5 y n ac NY u 2 2 2 1 4 9 0 1 4 , Ri v 20 19 18 33 78 43 45 o pi 375 108 167 576 265 193 115 212 285 g n 1242 1649 d 605. 15727 o r C nni f o oodbur lm wlin te ui a a ta 7 W 5 Ox Q S P -S 0 2 5 1 1 4 9 0 0 1 1 = = = 14 27 13 36 24 10 47 25 84 78 10 10 = 633 686 627 224 392 104 151 386 d 76. R 8243 V 414. A R = Mi O X P Q S W 25 1 5 1 3 4 1 11 39 94 68 73 28 33 134 670 880 145 471 128 175 396 198 253 1418 9289 91. 5 5 2 3 3 2 3 2 4 7 3 0 44 34 34 69 16 19 31 89 685 720 133 106 101 49. 312. 11110 5 95 4 2 1 2 2 3 1 1 80 49 14 80 21 23 11 104 860 153 107 668 136 292 117 242 209 8330 69. 451. ood 3 0 2 6 1 5 4 0 43 48 12 29 38 87 97 19 21 11 88 758 744 166 108 198 588 411 619 541 467 W 2389 1468 5666 1733 l 36483 ai r T e, 5 5 on eal 7 1 2 4 8 0 0 T 15 19 54 32 55 67 10 10 37 68 94 32 116 683 106 s 48. ed har 6111 1554 278. t ay S s Hills e- d ld l r l ount i n W ie o i s ham f f r t k ev h r r n C c dw o 5 r ar 5 i t E 5 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 7 Ha B St L Lak 15 83 60 39 10 97 75 21 28 he 480 506 CW 145 733 155 329 265 t 72. = 8249 403. = = = = or A W H = N B E HA L LS ST ow r es i d er r es d i par s bl er r ow ow ow bi d s r d r pec r r k bl S bi ar r k oat S ow her er pec h hat h' bi S r ar L c ar ac v par par hr c k l l par ow l i s t e ow S nc l o at er i ng r ngbi er s i ow s w i TA nal pur par k ow l ac eek es l e d r l l ay r bl t k ow df ed C r ow i ng ow our i ned W di l t er bs i r W her io hee ow ar r ps ed S ac ee S par unc pi ol r t r I v ar TO D W er i r r ow edpol oc ng h h w ned S el ped W p. ar er ow par H M dual i r par i as eadow ow r ed S ow bl ow y y er par ckb O r eas s in v par bl oat d O r t t nc nc ax , par i S i ow hr a c e k um or ed J ar l e W unt r n M n C el r bs par s r br headed B l ar ount ount hr S headed C ar ar i eeder an P an T an G par nged B l on Y on G on R is - - - t c n T n M i i ol ng S ndi p S o W par c c c ow B ey i i i e F e F e S c W n T n- r I C C F F O P P w m m m - y B e- e- er er annah ' - on' S her her and Longs hv t t t per annah S t im S ow ow ow t k t d S opean S pl er er er ppi s al al al al al al al al m l l l e am st lt ange- ow ow av hi hi ay ne W el r par or edar as om hi l el ar or ed- u om ous om ous r ur m al i el el as m es av ong S w now as el r a ur in m i ox ot ot ot ot ot ot ot ot N B E A C O N C P P Y Y E A C C F V S S N F S S W W s D Lapl S N R E Y R C B B P H C P A H T T T T T T T T

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 CONNECTICUT FIELD NOTES Winter Season, Dec 1, 2013, through Feb. 28, 2014

By Greg Hanisek

In a season that was cold and snowy by recent standards, a lack of late lingerers and half hardy species was no surprise. Last winter’s broad-based and wide-ranging winter finch flight offered barely an echo, but a monumental flight of Snowy Owls offered ample compensation. As a group, waterfowl provided a number of highlights, and the recent acceleration of alcid sightings continued, delivering decent quantity and excellent quality.

A total of seven Greater Pond in Woodbridge on Jan. White-fronted Geese in- 19 and remained through the cluded two at Amos Lake in season (CL et al.). This fol- Preston beginning on Dec. lows one at the same site last 29 (TT et al.), and continuing year and a pair there the year late into the season. A Barna- before. A Tundra Swan was cle Goose, a Eurasian species a good find at North Farms that now appears annually, Reservoir, Wallingford, on consorted with several thou- Jan. 17 (RS et al.), often well- sand Canada Geese on Dec. camouflaged among up to 90 2 in East Granby (JMe). One Mute Swans through at least appeared at Fisher Meadow Feb. 8. in Avon the next day (LK), with one in Somers on Dec. A total of eight Eurasian 5-8 (JPf et al.). It’s possible Wigeons were scattered these sightings all involved along the coast. A Mallard the same bird. One that was X Northern Pintail hybrid almost certainly different was at Raven Pond and was in Westport/Fairfield other ponds in Stratford for from Jan. 4 to at least Feb. 2 the fifth straight year (FMa (SZ et al.). About eight Cack- et al.). A Blue-winged Teal ling Geese were reported for found wintering at 14-Acre the season. An adult Trum- Pond in Norwalk on Jan. 13 peter Swan of unknown was seasonally unexpected origin was found at Konold’s (PDu et al.). A handful of Norther Shoveler reports

98 Connecticut Field Notes 99 included one that wintered An impressive raft of 1500 with the teal in Norwalk Long-tailed Ducks was off (PDu et al.). An unusually Shippan Point, Stamford, on good season for Redheads in- Feb. 9 (SMr). A single one cluded eight at Lake Galliard was a good inland find Dec. in North Branford on Jan. 2 16 at Bashan Lake in Moodus (TK) and a group near Sandy (RDe, SD). Female Harlequin Point, West Haven, that Ducks were at Harkness on peaked at 13 on Jan. 16 (KMu Dec. 1 (PR); at Merwin Point, et al.). Later in the season Milford, on Dec. 14-Jan. 16 eight were at Beacon Street (FMa et al.); and at Brazos Cove in Bridgeport on Feb. Road in East Haven on Dec. 17 (CBa et al.), and through- 15-Jan. 20 (RP et al.). The out the winter another 20 latter was found during were reported in groups of observation of a Barrow’s one to five at various loca- Goldeneye that remained for tions throughout the state. most of the season (JR et al.). A female King Eider settled Other Barrow’s were found in off Harkness Memo- at Penfield Reef in Fairfield rial State Park in Waterford on Dec. 15-Feb. 2 (JPu et al.), early in the season and was in the Connecticut River in seen into January (PR et al.). Enfield Feb. 1 (PCi) and off

Russ Smiley photo This leucistic Red-throated Loon cruised through the Connecticut River in Old Lyme on Feb. 22, 2014.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 100 Hanisek Gulf Beach in Milford on Feb. foreshadowed a major spring 10 (JBa). movement. An Eared Grebe found on Feb. 2 at Greenwich A white (leucistic) Red- Point remained through the throated Loon was in the season (SMr et al.). Scattered Connecticut River in Old sightings of single Northern Lyme on Feb. 22 (RS). A Gannets continued through Pacific Loon was seen inside January in Long Island the mouth of the Thames Sound. One on Feb. 22 off River in Groton on Jan. 4 Hammonassett Beach State from the New London-Ori- Park in Madison (hereafter ent, N.Y., ferry (SMi), with a HBSP) on Feb. 22 was prob- few reports from within the ably the first northbound restricted Electric Boat prop- bird (JMu). erty in Groton shortly thereafter (fide TT). An unusually American Bitterns went large count of 133 Horned almost undetected, with the Grebes was off Sherwood only reports coming from Island State Park, Westport, Barn Island Wildlife Manage- on Jan. 16 (FMa). One was ment Area in Stonington on unusual on the Quinebaug Dec. 22 (BA) and at HBSP River in Putnam on Feb. 10 on Jan. 15 (LD). Aside from (GV). Reports of c. 15 Red- one on Dec. 1 in Stonington necked Grebes, which built (PDn), Great Egrets were as the season progressed, essentially unreported, a

Mark Szantyr photo This amazingly tame juvenile Sandhill Crane ignored heavy traffic on a street in South Windsor on Dec. 7, 2013. Connecticut Field Notes 101

Gary Lemmon photograph This backyard “feeder” at the Lemmon home in Branford attracted 31 Black Vultures on Jan. 24, 2014. change from recent years Housatonic River in Stratford with lingerers into January. (RS) and at Griswold Point A Snowy Egret, apparently in Old Lyme (JOg). A good in weakened condition, was winter for Bald Eagles on at a frozen marsh in Ches- the Connecticut River was ter on Jan. 1 (MMa). Two illustrated by 22 on an Eagle Yellow-crowned Night- Watch boat tour out of Essex Herons were still present in on Feb. 8 (BY). Rough-legged Stratford on Dec. 4 (FMa). Hawks staged a good move- Significant flocks of Black ment. Reports of at least 15 Vultures included 31 visit- individuals included birds ing a “feeder” stocked with both in the coastal marshes roadkill in a Branford yard and at suitable farmland on Jan. 24 (C&GL); 25 in locations inland. Single Clap- Danbury on Jan. 6 (MW), 17 per Rails were in Stonington over Essex on Dec. 8 (KMu); on Dec. 22 (SMi) and in Old and 13 in Norwich on Dec. 27 Saybrook on Jan. 18 (BA). A (DP). The year’s first Ospreys juvenile Sandhill Crane was were early Feb. 27 over the an unexpected find Dec. 6-7

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 102 Hanisek on a lawn at a busy intersec- on Dec. 11 (SMo). tion near the South Windsor- Manchester line (CCa). An A Black-headed Gull found adult was photographed at Dec. 15 at Barn Island in Long Beach in Stratford on Stonington was likely the Dec. 24 (FL, MC). same one present the previous two winters (BDw). An American Oystercatcher An adult Mew Gull found lingered to Dec. 7 at Milford on the Housatonc River in Point (PCo). A late White- Southbury on Jan. 30 was the rumped Sandpiper was at season’s larid highlight (PCo HBSP on Dec 1 (JMe, JK). et al.); it remained to at least An unidentified peep was Feb. 2. A first-cycle Thayer’s at Silver Sands State Park Gull was photographed on in Milford on Dec. 5 (SSp). Jan. 24 at Windsor-Bloom- A Long-billed Dowitcher field landfill (PCo). A high was at the reliable Stratford tide on Jan. 3 at Circle Beach Marina location Dec. 16-25 in Madison produced eight (FMa et al.). Another was at Iceland Gulls among about the edge of the Groton-New 500 gulls total (KMu). Iceland London Airport on Dec. 28 Gulls were widely reported (BDw). A nice group of 13 with more than 20 indi- Wilson’s Snipe was in Storrs viduals of various ages. They

Bruce Finnan photo One of the many Snowy Owls enjoyed by birders and the general public this winter huddled along a snow fence at Stratford Point. Connecticut Field Notes 103

Bruce Finnan photo This Long-eared Owl perched in the open in the campground at Hammonasset Beach State Park in Madison on Jan. 27, 2014. continue to easily outnumber N.Y., ferry on Dec. 28 (BDw), Lesser Black-backed Gulls (c. Jan. 13 (FMa et al.), and Feb. 10 total), despite that species’ 16 (SMi). Totally unexpected, presence in large numbers a Thick-billed Murre was to both our north and south. found well up the Housa- It was a very good winter tonic River at Birdseye boat for Glaucous Gulls with launch in Stratford on Jan. about 10 reports, including 18 (SMr). The high count of two at the pig-feeding op- Razorbills was 24 off Ship- eration in Southbury, where pan Point, Stamford, on Dec. the concentration of several 24 (PDu). A Black Guillemot thousand gulls on the Hou- photographed off HBSP on santonic River included the Jan. 1 (DRt, JMa) was the Mew Gull. Reports of single state’s first well-documented Common Murres came from individual in decades. the New London-Orient,

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 104 Hanisek

Brooks Chamberlan photo In a season with few late lingerers, this long-staying Black-and-White Warbler at a Darien feeder stood out.

The Snowy Owl flight, which seen by many (GHm et al.). got off to a strong start in However, three were seen November, was easily the in Hartford on Dec. 24 at a signature event of the season, solid waste facility closed to continuing well into spring. the public (TB). A roost of It would be impossible to ac- eight Long-eared Owls, large curately enumerate the num- by recent standards, was ber of birds involved, but found at an undisclosed loca- reports came almost daily tions on Dec. 21 (SH). One from primarily coastal sites. was calling in Ashford on The largest number seen at Feb. 23 (MSz). Short-eared a single location was five on Owls were at HBSP on Dec. Jan. 16 at Milford Point. They 21 (DRt), at Long Beach in were viewed from the Strat- Stratford on Dec. 24 (JHo), ford side of the Housatonic at Great Island in Old Lyme River, allowing the observer on Jan. 5-6 (HG, BM) and at to see two more at Long Silver Sands in Milford on Beach minutes later (CBa). Jan. 9-10 (FMa). Among the few inland reports was one in downtown The season’s only Rufous Hartford on Dec. 30 that was Hummingbird, which ap- Connecticut Field Notes 105 peared in November at a only 12 for the latter. Norwalk feeder, was present through Jan. 2 (LF). An Eastern Phoebe made it An immature Red-headed to at least Jan. 20 at a small Woodpecker found during spring in Lyme, a place the fall in downtown New where the species has at- Haven wintered at an inter- tempted to winter in the section near Yale Univesity past (HG et al.). Another (m.ob.). Other wintering was present to at least Jan. 5 birds included an immature in Oxford (BDe). The Fork- in North Stonington (TT et tailed Flycatcher found on al.); an adult that had been Nov. 30 was present at the making brief visits to a Sims- Hadlyme ferry slip in Lyme bury feeder since July (GK), until Dec. 11, a record late and one in Ansonia (MMr). date (m.ob.). A Blue-headed An adult was at Portland Vireo was a surprise find Fairgrounds on Jan. 5 (KH); singing briefly on Dec. 24 in an adult visited a feeder in Goshen (KF). Single North- North Stamford on Jan. 4 ern Shrikes were reported (SMr); and one was seen in from near Talcott Mountain Darien on Jan. 12 (KW). The in Avon on Dec. 20 (DH); disparity between Merlins in New Hartford on Dec. and American Kestrels 21 (FZ); and at Storrs on continued, with the former Feb. 2 (SSt). Concentrations reported from 35 locations to of Fish Crows continue to grow, such as 40 circling over

Russ Smiley photo This juvenile Red-headed Woodpecker wintered on a street corner in downtown New Haven.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 106 Hanisek northern Stratford on Jan. 17 bler at a Darien feeder from (CBa). A noisy flock of 24 Dec. 10 to Feb. 5 certainly Common Ravens circled over stood out (BC). The latest Danbury on Jan. 21 (BO); Pine Warblers were at HBSP ravens are now widespread on Jan. 2 (TG et al.) and at but concentrations of this Long Wharf in New Haven number remain unusual. A on Jan. 18 (ST). sign of spring as the season waned were “good num- Two Clay-colored Sparrows bers” of Tree Swallows on were at HBSP to at least Dec the lower Connecticut River 7 (RS et al.), with one con- and several coastal loca- tinuing deep into the season. tions Feb. 22-23 (BY et al.). One was at Osbornedale A Marsh Wren at Station 43 State Park in Derby on Jan. in South Windsor on Dec. 8 5 (FG). Six Field Sparrows at (PDe) was the latest there for Fisher Meadows in Avon on an observer who’s made it Jan. 20 was an unusual con- his local patch for decades. centration for an inland loca- A good mid-winter count of tion (BK). A Vesper Sparrow nine American Pipits were at turned up on Hard Hill in Circle Beach in Madison on Bethlehem on Jan. 24 (GHa). Jan. 3 (KMu). An unusual winter Lincoln’s Sparrow visited a feeder in A remarkable count of 24 Harwinton on Jan. 19 (PCa). Lapland Longspurs was Northern Cardinals some- made on Jan. 26 at HBSP times flock in winter, but 41 (PCo). A flock of 16 at Long at a feeder in Sterling on Jan. Beach in Stratford on Jan. 29 21 was extreme (RDi). was also noteworthy (SMr). An Orange-crowned Warbler A handful of Eastern Mead- was found on Dec. 8-12 at owlark reports included an East Shore Park in New Ha- excellent 10 on Jan. 5 at Great ven (JOs et al.). Other reports Island in Old Lyme from a came from Branford on Dec. kayak (DP). An adult male 19 (MSt), Stratford on Dec. Yellow-headed Blackbird 20-21 (FMa et al.) and Pine was found on Dec. 14 in New Creek in Fairfield in January Milford, coming to a feeder (JPu et al.). In a season with with grackles, but was not very few noteworthy linger- seen thereafter (RB). Also ers, a Black & White War- seen only once was a female/ Connecticut Field Notes 107 first-winter male on Jan 18 Unlimited in Danbury in at Rocky Neck State Park mid-January; and wintering in East Lyme in a mixed in Meriden (KMe). Aside blackbird flock (TG). A good from a few single Pine winter for Rusty Blackbirds Siskins at feeders and the included 80 in Edgewood usual scattering of Purple Park in New Haven on Dec. Finches, northern finches 12 (LB). A reliable feeder were essentially absent. Five near Brooksvale Park in Evening Grosbeaks on Jan. Hamden had 43 on Dec. 20, 21 at Compo Beach in West- an early date for that number port seemed to come out of at the location (C&JZ), climb- nowhere (JMa). Two were ing to 60 in early February. in Barkhamsted on Jan. 15 Another spot that hosted a (DRo). flock through the winter, N. Lake Drive in Hamden, had Observers – Tim Antanaitis, 40+ on Dec. 30, climbing to Mark Aronson, Phil Asprelli, 130 on Jan. 8 (AS, SB). At Bill Asteriades, Bill Banks, Quinebaug Fish Hatchery in Tom Baptist, Charlie Barnard Plainfield, 82 were counted (CBa), John Barriger (JBr), J.P. on Jan. 22 (RDi), and c. 50 Barsky (JBa), William Bats- visited a New Milford yard ford, Larry Bauscher, Doug- on Feb. 15 (ADi). After last las Beach, Joe Bear (JBe), year’s historic breeding, a Ray Belding, Nick Bonomo, singing male Boat-tailed Chris Bosak (CBo), Steve Grackle returned to HBSP on Broker, Milan Bull, Alex Feb. 23 (CL). Burdo, Caleb Cadman (CCa), Joseph Cala (JCa), Matthew Lingering Baltimore Orioles Caligiure, Dana Campbell included singles at a feeder (DCa), Donna Caporaso in Branford on Dec. 7 (CL); at (DCp), Paul Carrier (PCa), a feeder in Northfield in late Brooks Chamberlin, Paul December and early Janu- Cianfaglione (PCi), Carolyn ary (fide JTr); at Chatfield Cimino (CCi), Linda Clancy, Hollow State Park in Killing- Al Collins, Jan Collins (JCn), worth on Dec 24 (FH et al.), Patrick Comins (PCo), Jerry at Mason’s Island in Mystic Connolly (JCo), Annete Cun- on Dec. 28 (fide BDw), visit- niffe, Mark Danforth (MDa), ing a feeder at Wild Birds Andrew Dasinger (ADa),

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 108 Hanisek Peter DeGennaro (PDn), Roy ers (JMe), Shai Mitra (SMi), Dellinger (RDe), Sharon Del- Judy Moore (JMo), Marty linger, Paul Desjardins (PDe), Moore (MMo), Don Mor- Ed Dettore, Buzz Devine gan (DMo), Steve Morytko (BDe), Bob Dewire (BDw), (SMo), Keith Mueller (KMu), Mardi Dickinson (MDi), Tom Murray, Sean Murtha Townsend Dickinson, Angela (SMu), Jake Musser (JMu), Dimmitt (ADi), Robert Dixon Russ Naylor, Gina Nichol, (RDi), Aaron Dollar (ADo), Anders Ogren, John Ogren Laurie Doss, Patrick Dugan (JOg), Maryann O’Leary, (PDu), Cynthia Ehlinger, Ken John Oshlick (JOs), Brian Elkins, Sarah Faulkner, Pa- O’Toole, Richard Payne, trice Favreau, Jeff Feldmann, Annie Perko, Mike Perko, Kevin Finnan, Larry Flynn, Jim Pfeifer (JPf), Bev Propen, Frank Gallo, Rick Gedney, Dave Provencher, James Pur- Hank Golet, Tina Green, cell (JPu), Mike Resch, Jason Kathy Hall, Gary Hamilton Rieger, Tom Robben, Dave (GHm), Greg Hanisek (GHa), Rosgen (DRo), Dan Rottino Dee Hansen, Roy Harvey (DRt), Phil Rusch, Meredith (RHa), Scott Henckel, John Sampson (MSa), Mark Scott Himmelman (JHi), Fran (MSc), James Sherwonit Holloway, Tom Holloway, (JSh), Arthur Shippee, Russ Bo Hopkins, Julian Hough Smiley, Paul Smith, Steve (JHo), Robert Hutton (RHu), Spector (SSp), Duncan Stew- Denise Jernigan, Jay Kaplan, art, Stephanie Stewart (SSt), Tom Kelly, Lea Kessler, Brian Maria Stockmal (MSt), Jack Kleinman, Gil Kleiner, Cindi Swatt (JSw), Mark Szantyr Kobak, Dennis Kocyla, Steve (MSz), Andy Thiede, Stephen Kotchko, Frank Labbate, Car- Thomas, Timothy Thompson, ol Lemmon, Gary Lemmon, Jesus Tirado (JTi), John Tri- Chris Loscalzo, Bob MacDon- ana (JTr), Gary Valarde, Mike nell, Matthew Male (MMa), Van Valen, Lisa Wahle, Mike Frank Mantlik (FMa), John Warner, Allan Welby, Kim Marshall (JMa), Mary Beth Westcott, Glenn Williams, Martin (MMr), Stefan Martin Chris Woerner, Paul Wolter. (SMr), Steve Mayo (SMa), Bill Yule, Sara Zagorski, Roy Florence McBride (FMc), Zartarian, Anthony Zemba, Dan Mercurio (DMe), Karen Carol Zipp, Jim Zipp, Fran Mercurio (KMe), Jamie Mey- Zygmont, Sophie Zyla. THE USE OF MORPHOMETRIC MEASURE- MENTS TO DETERMINE THE SEX OF BALD EAGLES FROM PHOTOGRAPHS

By Donald A. Hopkins

As with most raptors, reverse sexual dimorphism is exhibited by Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) (Brown, L.H.,D. Amadon). Using museum skins and live eagle measurements (Bortolotti, G) to determine the sex of bald eagles, he developed the following formula; (beak depth x 0.392 ) plus (Hallux x 0.340) minus 27.694. A positive value indicates a female and a negative value indicates a male. I seek to apply this technique to eagle photographs. Method:

Selecting the photographs of eagles in flight, both flapping and soaring, I chose to use those in which the wing and the camera appear to be in parallel planes. I also used a photograph of eagle heads in profile. Measurements were made using metric ruler and calipers. Results:

The first photograph to be measured was a profile of two eagles supplied by J. Flowers (see photo). These eagles were known to be associated with a nest, and it was reasonable to assume one was male and one was female. Measurements were made of the horizontal iris diameter (HID) and divided into the beak depth (BD). The upper eagle has a ratio 8/4 = 2, a male, and in the lower eagle the ratio was 10/4 = 2.5, a female. Of note here is the HID is the same for both sexes. Sexual dimorphism does not apply for the eye.

Using photographs of eagles in flight I measured the aspect ratio of the wings; the wing span (WS) divided by the wing width (WW). The photographs were of both flapping and soaring flights. In the case of soaring flight, direct measurements were made of the wing. In the case of flapping

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 109 110 Hopkins

J. Flower 1992 The author used this photo on a magazine cover to calculate beak depth aspect - beak depth divided by the horizontal iris diameter. The top is a male with ratio of 2 and the lower is a female with a ratio of 2.5 flight, measurements were made of the proximate wing fully extended at the peak of its flap, with the primaries fully splayed. A tracing of the wing was made of a known male eagle. The measurement of the proximate wing from the belly to the tip of the wing, multiply this by 2 for the wing span, divide this by the wing width to achieve the aspect ratio. The wing aspect ratios are shown in Table 1. I have separated the values based on the known male tracing value of 5.35 for males and the average value of 6.43 for females. The spread of values of the aspect ratios is due in part to the photographed birds and the camera not being on parallel planes and to a lesser extent the individual eagle variation in size. Sexing Bald Eagles 111 Discussion

With a digital camera and a long lens, multiple photographs can be taken and measured to supplement the notes of the field worker. With the exception of the profile photograph which was of the southern sub-species (H.I. Leucocephalus), the other photographs were of the northern sub-species (H.I. alascanus). Bortolotti found no overlap of the sexes of this sub-species. Acknowledgement

Thanks to the following for sharing their photographs, P. Collins, M. Davis, P. Fusco, R. Michard, J. Tobin, J. Welch and M. O’Leary for supplying a tracing.

Literature cited

Bortolotti, G.R. Sexual Size Dimorphism and Age-Related Size Variation in Bald Eagles.

Brown, L.H. and D. Amadon.1968, J.Wild. Manage. 48(1) Eagles, Hawks and Falcons of the World. Country Life Books, Feltham, Middlesex, UK 26-27pp

Flower, J, Englewood Images, 1992, July Cover

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 112 Hopkins Table 1 Male

ID Wing Wing Ratio Sex comments span width RM2 85 16 5.31 male S MO1 198 37 5.35 male T known male MD69 123 22 5.59 male S PF1 276 49 5.63 male F MO2 211 37 5.70 male T TW1 184 32 5.75 male F RM3 92 16 5.75 male S PC1 170 29 5.86 male S PF2 282 48 5.88 male S PF4 256 40 5.90 male F MD68 184 31 5.94 male S Female

JT2 80 13 6.15 female S MD62 115 18 6.39 female S RM1 173 27 6.41 female S MD67 129 20 6.45 female S JT1 84 13 6.46 female F RM4 181 27 6.70 female S Source P.Collins, M.Davis P.Fusco, R. Michard, M. O’Leary, J. Welch, J. Tobbin Key F - flapping S-soar T-tracing

The aspect ratio was calculated by dividing the wing span by the wing width. NOTES ON BEHAVIOR, STATUS AND DISTRIBUTION Red-tailed Hawk Subspecies in Connecticut

The common breeding Red-tailed Hawk in Connecticut is the eastern subspecies, Buteo jamaicensis borealis. (Buteo jamaicensis is the species binomial for all Red-tailed Hawks. Adding borealis creates a trinomial that identifies the taxon at the subspecies level). B.j. borealis, sometimes referred to as Eastern Red-tailed Hawk, can be found here throughout the year, but in late fall and winter darker birds often catch the attention of birders and hawk-watchers. There is often casual specula- tion that some of these may be Western Red-tailed Hawks, B.j. calurus, a subspecies with a well-defined dark morph, but this is in fact a rare form in the East .

There’s no question darker birds than typical borealis appear here, but what are they? In an article in North Ameri- can Birds, Liguori and Sullivan write: “Few observers have considered another, almost forgotten, alternative: Northern Red-tailed Hawk (B.j. abieticola).

Patrick Comins photo.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 113 114 Hanisek In January 2014, Patrick Comins, director of bird conservation for Audubon Connecticut, photographed a dark Red- tailed Hawk on Cassidy Road at Southbury Training School in Southbury, New Haven County. The bird shows features associated with Northern Red-tailed Hawk, and after examining the images Liguori concurred with that identification.

Comins’ photo, shown here, illustrates key features indicative B. j. abieticola. The perched bird, presenting a ventral view, has a dark throat, streaked chest sides and “blobby” belly band. Eastern Red-tailed Hawk typically shows a white throat, clear chest and a belly band comprising distinct streaks, sometimes quite fine.

Another apparent abieticola, photographed last winter at Rocky Hill Meadows by Keith Lewis, shows pale upper tail coverts typical of Northern Red-tailed Hawks.

True dark morph Red-tailed Hawks, with dark under wing coverts and underparts, are believed to all be either B. j. calurus or B. j. harlani (Harlan’s Red-tailed Hawk.). Liguori and Sullivan note: “Thus far it has not been proven that abieticola occurs in a dark morph.” They also caution that because the variability of abieticola has not been studied on the breeding grounds (the boreal forests from Alaska to Labrador), “until more information is available, it is best to leave many individual migrants and wintering birds unidentified to subspecies.” Much more information is available in the artcle. cited below.

LITERATURE CITED

Liguori, J. and B.L. Sullivan. 2014. Northern Red-tailed Hawk Revisited. Birding. 67:374-383.

Greg Hanisek PHOTO CHALLENGE

By Julian Hough

It’s early June and overhead glides a ratty looking raptor. It is pale below with obvious streaks on the underparts, and it looks odd with those molting inner primaries. We take a quick digital photo so we can ponder the identification later, a really useful advantage provided by the digital age.

Reviewing the image, the head seems small and the wings have a long “hand.” The hawk presents a jizz that is less robust than the expected Red-tailed Hawk. The lack of a dark leading edge of the wing and the clear-cut spots on the upper breast also rule out Red- tailed. The wings look too broad and the tail too short for either a Cooper’s Hawk or a Sharp-shinned, so we feel we can narrow it down to one of the other Buteos likely to be seen in spring and summer - Red-shouldered or Broad-winged.

The fact that the bird is in molt may be slightly confusing in trying to judge the structure accurately. The molt implies the bird is a second-calendar year, one that was born the previous year and is nearly a year old. Adults of both these species would not be in molt during the lead-up to the breeding season and would have the characteristic breast patterns and boldly striped tails of an adult.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 3, July 2014 115 116 Hough So, we have to look at plumage. Both Red-shouldered and Broad- winged are similar, and identification can be difficult in this plumage since the amount of dark streaking and spotting is variable on the underparts in both species.

The extensive spotting on the central breast fits Broad-winged. Red-shoulders often, but not always, look slightly less marked here. Despite the ratty plumage, the wing shape and general proportions solidify the identity as a Broad-winged Hawk. Despite its name, the Broad-winged’s outer wing and primaries look quite pointed, perhaps due to a shorter P10 (the outermost primary flight feather) compared to the rather more rounded wingtips of a Red-shouldered. Also, even though the bird is in molt and a second-year, the pale translucent windows characteristic of Red-shouldered would still be visible. They are not present on our individual, further en- forcing the identification as a Broad-winged.

This second-year Broad-winged Hawk was photographed by myself in June in Connecticut.

Photo Challenge No. 86 THE CONNECTICUT WARBLER Editor Greg Hanisek - 175 Circuit Ave., Waterbury, CT 06708 (203) 754-4401 email: [email protected] Departments Editorial Advisory Board Feature Articles Site Guides Louis Bevier Robert A. Askins Arnold Devine William Davis George A. Clark, Jr. Dwight Smith John Kricher Field Notes Photo Challenge Wayne Petersen Greg Hanisek Julian Hough Frank Mantlik Layout/Production Bird Counts Manny Merisotis Steve Broker Steve Mayo Joseph Zeranski

The Connecticut Warbler (ISSN 1077-0283) is devoted to the study of birds and their conservation in Connecticut and is published quarterly (January, April, July, and October) by the Connecticut Ornithological Association. Send manuscripts to the Editor. Please type double spaced with ample margins, on one side of a sheet. Submit a copy on a computer disk, if possible. Style should follow usage in recent issues. All manuscripts receive peer review. Illustrations and photographs are needed and welcome. Line art of Con- necticut and regional birds should be submitted as good quality prints or in original form. All submitted materials will be returned. We can use good quality photographs of birds unaccompanied by an article but with caption including species, date, locality, and other pertinent information. CONNECTICUT ORNITHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION President: Tina Green, 188 Imperial Avenue, Westport, CT 06880 Vice-President: Kathy Van Der Aue, 762 Mill Hill Road, Southport, CT 06890 Secretary: Denise Jernigan, 618 Hopewell Road, Glastonbury, CT 06073 Treasurer: Fred Schroeder, 215 Lonetown Road, Redding, CT 06896 Assistant Treasurer: Jack Wells, 103 Sheephill Road, Riverside, CT 06878 Chairman Rare Records: Jay Kaplan, 71 Gracey Road, Canton, CT 06019 Board of Directors (terms ending) 2015 2016 2017 Robert Dixon Angela Dimmitt Jan Collins Frank Mantlik Ken Elkins Patrick Comins John Marshall Steve Mayo Jim Dugan Stefan Martin Steve Morytko Lynn Jones Larry Reiter Lisa Wahle Chris Loscalzo Sara Zagorski Paul Wolter Tom Robben

Mabel Osgood Wright Award ...... 73 The 2013-14 Connecticut Christmas Bird Count Stephen P. Broker...... 75 Connecticut Field Notes Greg Hanisek...... 98 The Use of Morphometric Measurements to Determine the Sex of Bald Eagles From Photographs Donald A. Hopkins...... 109

Notes on Behavior, Status and Distribution Greg Hanisek ...... 113 Photo Challenge Julian Hough ...... 115 THE CONNECTICUT WARBLER A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology

Volume 34 No. 4 October 2014 Pages 117-164 The Connecticut Warbler A Journal of Connecticut Ornithology Volume 34, Number 4 October 2014 CONTENTS 117 2014 Connecticut Summer Bird Count Joe Zeranski and Patrick Comins 150 Connecticut Field Notes Greg Hanisek 163 Photo Challenge Mark Szantyr

ON THE COVER

Indigo Bunting

Mark Szantyr’s Indigo Bunting in full song represents a suite of scrubland species whose habitat has been vanishing in Connecticut. The Summer Bird Count summary in this issue offers a window on how a wide array of the state’s breeders are doing. 2014 CONNECTICUT SUMMER BIRD COUNT By Joe Zeranski and Patrick Comins

Introduction

The Summer Bird Count is now in its 23rd year. It is our largest summer citizen science effort and provides valu- able insight to the status of our breeding bird species and non-breeding June visitors to Connecticut. Thank you to the volunteer observers, compilers and captains for your efforts and dedication that make this analysis possible. Results

This year 184 count day species were recorded. This is just about average and equal to last two years’ total species counts. Two additional species were recorded in the count period, a Red-breasted Merganser in Greenwich/Stamford and a Vesper Sparrow in Hartford. There were 251 observers, in 146 parties. The number of observers was two more than last year and is one shy of the record high from 2009. Volunteers tallied 1409.3 party hours, with 1341.25 being daylight hours and 68 night hours, more than doubling last year’s night hours.

There were 101,552 individual birds recorded, which is slightly above (103%) average and about 4,000 more than last

Julian Hough photo Great Egrets hit a 10-year low on the 2014 SBC.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 117 118 Zeranski and Comins year’s total. The ten most abundant species were, in descend- ing order: American Robin, European Starling, Red-winged Blackbird, Gray Catbird, Red-eyed Vireo, Common Grack- le, Song Sparrow, Canada Goose, Chipping Sparrow and Cedar Waxwing. Nine of these are repeats from the last two years, but in a slightly different order. Chipping Sparrow replaces House Sparrow from last year’s list.

Eighteen species were represented by a single individual: Common Goldeneye,Ruffed Grouse, Northern Bobwhite, Red-throated Loon, Least Bittern (T),Little Blue Heron (SC), Northern Harrier (E), Solitary Sandpiper, Greater Yellow- legs, Ruddy Turnstone, Dunlin, Olive-sided Flycatcher, Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Nashville Warbler, Kentucky Warbler, Saltmarsh Sparrow (SC), White-crowned Sparrow and Blue Grosbeak.

There were 25 species recorded on the count days that do not regularly breed in Connecticut and can be considered either late migrants or non-nesting visitors:

Brant, Common Goldeneye, Red-throated Loon, Common Loon (SC), Horned Grebe, Semipalmated Plover, Solitary Sandpiper, Greater Yellowlegs, Ruddy Turnstone, Semipal- mated Sandpiper, Least Sandpiper, Dunlin, Laughing Gull, Ring-billed Gull, Forster’s Tern, Royal Tern, Olive-sided Flycatcher, Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, Swainson’s Thrush, Blackpoll Warbler, Kentucky Warbler, Mourning Warbler, Blue Grosbeak and White-crowned Sparrow. Additionally, Red-breasted Merganser, was noted for count period.

The underlined species are potential nesters, but in the absence of additional supporting evidence they will be considered non-nesting visitors.

Noteworthy among these include: The Common Goldeneye from New Haven was only the 3rd SBC record since 2004 and 6th overall since 1992. All of those records were single birds, except for 1998 and 2004, when six and two were recorded. Greenwich/Stamford yielded a Red-throated Loon. This is only the 2nd record since 2004 and 6th record since 1992. They 2014 Summer Bird Count 119 also found two Horned Grebes, a record high and only the 3rd recent record and 6th overall. Litchfield Hills found a lingering Solitary Sandpiper. This is the 4th SBC record since 2004, but they were found more regularly in earlier counts, making it the 12th SBC record. They were recorded in eight of the ten years between 1994 and 2003, but only in four of the last ten years.

Greenwich/Stamford logged seven Least Sandpipers, which are on average recorded about every other year. Their Dunlin was the 4th since 2004, and has also been recorded on average about every other year. That count also found one of the best species for this year’s count, two Royal Terns, a species for which there is only one previous SBC record, in 2002. Olive-sided Flycatchers are another species that is found in just about half of the years. They are a potential nester in the state, but are also a late migrant. That this bird was found on the New Haven count certainly indicates a late migrant.

A record-high five Swainson’s Thrushes were found, two each by Hartford and Woodbury-Roxbury and one by the Greenwich/Stamford team. Three Mourning Warblers were recorded, in Litchfield Hills, Woodbury/Roxbury and Greenwich/Stamford. All are likely migrants, but this species could potentially nest in any of our northern counts. Woodbury’Roxbury’s White-crowned Sparrow is only the 3rd SBC record. Eight of them were found on the 1998 count! New Haven’s Blue Grosbeak teeters on the boundary between a notable vagrant and a potential nesting bird. A male was singing and appeared territorial atop East Rock in New Haven for several weeks, but perhaps did not attract a mate. This is only the 2nd SBC record. Likewise, the Kentucky War- bler found on the Greenwich Stamford count could represent a breeding individual or perhaps a pioneer trying to attract a mate. Kentucky Warbler is a species that is at its extreme northern limit of its range in our area. This is only the 2nd recent record, but this is a species that was formerly seen more regularly and represents the 8th record overall. Seven were recorded in 1997.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 120 Zeranski and Comins

Mark Szantyr photo Saltmarshes are alive with the calls of (Eastern) Willets, a species showing increasing numbers on the SBC.

Notable Nesting Species

Four Ring-necked Pheasants were found on the Woodbury/ Roxbury count. We had contemplated moving this species to the “non-nesters” section because their populations are reliant upon stocking, but decided to leave in this section because they do occasionally nest. Likewise, the Northern Bobwhite found on the New Milford/Pawling count could also be classified as a non-nester for the same reason. Ruffed Grouse have declined to the point where they are a notable find and only one was located this year on the Barkhamsted count.

Least Bitterns (T) are often found on the Hartford count at Station 43, but this year they came from New Haven instead, likely from the Quinnipiac River Tidal Marsh. Both Litch- field Hills (2) and New Milford (1) logged American Bitterns (E). Little Blue Herons (SC) have been found on 17 of the 23 counts since 1993, but this year’s report from New Milford/ Pawling is notable as an inland record and likely represents a non-breeding individual. Storrs recorded a Northern Har- 2014 Summer Bird Count 121 rier (E), the first ever for the Storrs count. This could represent a nesting attempt, as there is abundant farmland in the count area, but harriers have not been confirmed as nesting in the state in several years. Nashville Warblers are at the southern edge of their range in Connecticut and are quite uncommon as nesters. Kudos to Litchfield Hills for tracking one down New Haven picked up the only Saltmarsh Spar- row (SC). This species could easily be overlooked on a count because their key nesting areas do not overlap with SBC territories. They also found the only Glossy Ibis (SC) (2). Litchfield Hills did well with secretive marsh birds with two Soras. One Sora was found in the count period in Hartford. Litchfield Hills found the only Northern Saw-whet Owls (SC) (2), New Haven the only Gadwalls (3) and Hartford the only Upland Sandpipers (E) (3). A Vesper Sparrow (E) was recorded within the count period on the Hartford count, the first ever SBC record.

Julian Hough photo Black-throated Blue warblers are doing well in the state's upland forests, according to results of the 2014 summer count.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 122 Zeranski and Comins Species Recorded in Above Average Numbers

Thirty nesting species reached new 10-year high counts this year. This is in part because the Barkhamsted count happened later than usual and reported “larger than normal numbers of juvenile birds”. The following birds were at 10-year or all time high numbers: Hooded Merganser, Black Vulture, Bald Eagle, Red-shouldered Hawk, Broad-winged Hawk, Willet, Black-billed Cuckoo, Chimney Swift, Ruby- throated Hummingbird, Pileated Woodpecker, Eastern Wood-Pewee, Acadian Flycatcher, Willow Flycatcher, Least Flycatcher, Eastern Kingbird, Eastern Phoebe, Yellow- throated Vireo, Warbling Vireo, Brown Creeper, House Wren, Blue-gray Gnatcatcher, Black-throated Blue Warbler, Blackburnian Warbler, Pine Warbler, Ovenbird, Louisiana Waterthrush, Common Yellowthroat, Chipping Sparrow, Grasshopper Sparrow (E) and Indigo Bunting.

Of particular note among these was the record high number (19) of Grasshopper Sparrows (E) all reported from the Hartford Count. This is more than double the previous high count of eight from 1995. This number was due in part to unprecedented access to Rentschler Field. In past years the birds had to be counted from the edges of the grassland and

Bruce Finnan photo Grasshopper Sparrow numbers were high as the result of increased access to the Rentschler Field area in East Hartford. 2014 Summer Bird Count 123

Hank Golet photo Eastern Screech-Owl is a species counters make a special effort to census on the summer count. this year we were able to explore more of the habitat. This number could have been much higher though. The field was in the process of being mowed over the count weekend and counts prior to the mowing were as high as 50 singing males! Some Grasshopper Sparrows were also recorded at the, now capped, Hartford Landfill.

Species Recorded in Below Average Numbers

Twenty species came in at 10-year or all-time low counts. Canada Geese came in at an all-time low of 2,964 and Mute Swans came in at an all-time low of 111, beating out last year’s low of 142. Mallards (1,062) continue the all-time low theme for waterfowl. All of these three are introduced to the state as nesters, but Mallards and Canada Geese were native to the area as non-breeding visitors.

Wild Turkeys put in a new 10-year low of 415, but there were more turkeys than in any year prior to 1999 and only 43 were found on the first statewide count in 1992. Great Egrets (T) came in at a 10-year low of 138. The all-time lows for this

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 124 Zeranski and Comins

Mark Szantyr photo Monk Parakeets were among several non-native nesters recorded in decreased numbers. species occurred in 1992 and 1993 with 98 and 88. Black- crowned Night-Herons also had a meager showing, with a new all-time low of 71, eclipsing last year’s record low by 40 birds!

Only six American Kestrels were found statewide, exceed- ing the record low count of 2011 by one. Killdeer came in at a ten-year low of 217, exceeded only by 2003’s record low of 158. Spotted Sandpipers had a 10-year low of 45, but well off of the all-time low of 20 in 1993. Terns appear to have had a bad year for nesting in Long Island Sound, perhaps because of a lack of forage fish. Common Tern numbers reflect this, with a 10-year low of 168. This exceeds the numbers recorded in several years before 2003 though and the all-time low was 56 in 1995.

Rock Pigeon numbers continue a theme of record lows for introduced species, with a new low count of 578, beating out the previous low from 2011 by 181 individuals. There was much talk on CTBirds about scarcity of Belted Kingfishers this summer. Our results mirror this, with an all-time low of 69, beating out the old low from 2006 by a single bird. Northern Flickers came in at an all-time low of 436. This 2014 Summer Bird Count 125 species appears to be undergoing a dramatic decline on the count. The all-time high for flickers was 828 in 1995 and only one (590 in 2000) of the first ten counts for this species was under 600 individuals. American Crows do not seem to have recovered to their pre-West Nile virus numbers and have come in at a record low level for the second year in a row with 1,968 recorded. Northern Mockingbird came in at an all-time low of 362. Though still common, this is a species we have been watching with concern for apparent declines. European Starling, continues a theme for introduced species with a new all-time low 4,455. Yellow-rumped Warbler was bucking the trend for the northern forest birds, many of which appear to have had a good year. Though not an all- time low, 80 was a 10-year low and the third lowest total ever for the SBC. Two of our most common wetland-nesting birds came in at 10-year lows, but still managed to make the list of our ten most abundant birds on the count. The 1,491 Red- winged Blackbirds is the 9th lowest total ever and the 3,502 Common Grackles the second lowest total ever, only exceeded on the first year of the statewide count in 1992. House Sparrow rounds out the list of introduced species recorded at low level, shattering the previous all-time low of 2,152 in 1992 with a new low point of 1,869. All of our introduced species came in at record low numbers except for Ring-necked Pheasants, Monk Parakeets and House Finches and each of those came in at well below average levels.

Thank you

In conclusion, on behalf of the Connecticut Ornithologi- cal Association, we would like to thank all of the volunteer observers, captains and compilers for all of your hard work. The data that you provide is critical for understanding our ever-changing breeding bird populations! Note: Any evidence of nesting by state-endangered (E), threatened (T) or special concern (SC) species should be reported to the COA Natural Diversity Database (NDDB) Project. This will ensure that the best available information can be taken into taken into account in land-use decisions.

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80% 11% 49% 90% 79% 43% 59% 75% 81% 59% 73% 56% 57% 79% 90% 29% 59% 88% 45% 91% 59% 93% 67% 88% 87% 96% 63% 24% 35% ve % . 333% 216% 111% 125% 111% 116% 143% 116% 197% 119% 128% 162% 167% 119% 189% 139% 102% 222% 100% 333% 220% 429% 229% 1000% 1000% 2004- s t a A t S s ul r s e te o] e al d r 2 4 1 6 3 1 3 1 1 2 1 2 1 5 5 1 5 6 5 3 1 7 3 1 1 r c p n 44 72 80 12 29 65 39 22 67 71 10 53 56 59 24 45 e ot e 135 381 317 437 143 605 138 111 415 162 298 217 2014 1062 ] 2964 S ta z u r T m ] d i e t s r t e b e - c t a l b l a s f ox] a 1 1 e 2 7 3 6 2 1 3 1 2 St d 10 26 27 55 74 17 11 24 num b he ol d d num s Th e l b d . o t , c ne a s i d a t c l ne f i n t i o ] l i l d ne 2 2 8 1 3 1 1 1 2 9 6 1 2 r a a i 53 12 18 29 37 31 44 15 90 61 35 25 t t l e LH ne T 100 253 ol out r i r l b d e e r n i ox] [ e n p und r ne unt r b n i y a e [ o und d e s k he r [ he r t 1 8 1 3 4 7 7 und 2 8 y s a ne a 49 66 18 19 38 81 55 26 34 25 Ba e r i 286 172 104 how 0 e or l d l n t d C a s y r 1 [ e N i e s he 0 r out r y oub : a 0 1 [ B a d w ous s / P e s r d 1 r ut C vi 2 1 1 1 6 2 3 8 1 2 4 7 1 2 e y [ 73 12 13 15 46 13 73 25 M a s c e ous 155 168 ne i 0 e r d i t N m l ous vi 2014 c 1 y t e p r or e e 0 vi r c t a e he e s 1 p r ous and SB - t r onne 4 3 2 3 3 1 8 1 2 6 2 p vi pl he und i d 26 13 29 C 41 64 37 37 51 35 43 26 10 e of 375 WR ous e t C r l ut Sum he B y U M vi t l ny l l S of e l l t i c r a oub y c c ny on p i d d d ous on a 1 3 4 2 2 6 7 3 s or c p e 58 45 19 20 17 12 34 71 21 ng p on a s d t CT 384 130 a l e i vi H f d nne e e s d e on a V o e d r ur or e d r c C p or d unl e n hi l e s c or l s r r e c hi C a t 3 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 4 9 1 8 3 1 3 2 2 3 1 6 e i 12 14 41 67 35 20 36 28 12 17 17 39 91 13 28 16 11 e n w NH B 393 135 165 r n r ng a BCs y not i w ha S ut t s ha - S t s 0 s l ve t b i d a a es 1 d t e p i s e l n f i or a o ne 1 1 2 2 2 4 5 3 4 6 4 1 2 2 3 1 7 l l eci ur i c p 27 78 13 47 23 55 15 53 37 57 88 23 42 15 24 l GS a r 385 359 115 p ha a 1031 s 2014 , t n t s p t t - e ] r ] e r e r e he rd e now w w e o t [CD [CD k w Co s y n n t e a ers ant reco i r i i ers a b c on f er er C t b D n or e pe s ed d r k k l n m o B p e e n r c ch k m m e ck r k r r o t ant u er e e a r rd u r e r u e u e dpi aw t unt s e k y v g or r r r e t al e k r e S v ot e n es aw as ca o e l n aw o H r not e n D e e n k l c a n er p eg k al - ne on l H b e hi lo m k o l C r t - pe pe ls - uc er n r oon o er re he e d H i i p e ro e k er n t d C eci c t - w S P e r h e x haw uc gans ck D t h reco one r e l c e d H w ge p d P t e m . M st d H e d T t r r - L e p a rri re t h a e pe r d d S p gans w e i D a r g t l l o ys d d t n oot e i g e l p r ed i l r u e e d n os a o l l aw ol s D e d T d k s t obw ew d P oon or t y G t t H e e e i g hove n ed ns v r k e e eb u bc i K t e u t H H oos r l t ai e e s de e d t e e Fa / Bl t a a e ous d ro R Ne Hi F N A d el r nne Bi t a B O K N dpi i a nge nge l e r cau e e nge p er r re H a d s l t e H k k uc lli r k e i d i ur r gr u an N i t n W n C S n n n n l n c Ra i l uc b ng t e R c g s e l e m m oos l g r n B n G l c c e i hi r S nge i n S r ea oa c i ' G l a a l - ot Y S ES i p a r a r a w w i Vu rn r r i n ea d l r s I w - d M i l Pl o i l u on G on L b p a D T y E r c on M r i a not S I s a c c d Sandpi H e e c y r e ca ca c r al r - r t Eg y e B E - r - Vu houl G ne i i ne hr n er y e g i c b y y w i i S eh d G Bl u t t t e l a Sw ed w p pa n n- e e nga e Ra b t t e m m t r r p- Ea t a t Bi e s m g T i s on' s l a t k k - he he - h k he t er r i n ri i i S t d d e li re - - K e able s - t t a a e a e n t o f s ssy and Sandpi s cci e e s s at k n g e a s c c i n f c d l e f d e l a er er r i t g r l d l rt EC f l d t l e d d t l e d r d- r l ea e a a o oad- nd m l appe ng- i hi e ue ng- ut ood D a i l i s i l adw m oode o nhi m pl or oubl r r r u ed a o i n la i l anada G om om ud or e om oope or l ud e i l uf e r m m e m i e es ong- P e i t u em o e a now ur e S S C Bra M W G A A M M B B C H C R R R W N R C Pi e H W A Am L G re G re Snow L C G re Bl a Y G l Bl a T O sp M Ba N Shar C a N R B Re A M C K Vi r Sor A B S Pi p K A Spot S G W U R R S L S S p Pe N R D G R G L S W L age 1 00_T P

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 128 Zeranski and Comins h h 1 1 9 6 2 2 2 1 3 8 5 4 8 9 5 1 1 1 3 2 6 4 3 1 1 1 1 5 9 1 7 2 2 1 2 2 7 1 1 1 9 6 2 2 2 1 3 8 5 4 8 9 5 1 1 1 1 2 3 2 6 4 3 1 1 1 7 1 1 5 9 2 5 1 6 2 2 7 1 1 5 6 i g i g 24 39 10 51 35 49 66 78 26 13 86 18 21 17 32 15 24 65 11 73 22 21 24 39 10 51 35 49 66 78 26 13 86 18 21 17 32 15 24 65 11 73 22 21 120 235 102 113 234 184 215 375 463 360 306 607 582 345 449 297 120 235 102 113 234 184 215 375 463 360 306 607 582 345 449 297 1025 4153 2064 1025 4153 2064 H H w w .0 .0 1 0 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 7 7 4 2 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 7 7 4 2 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 13 21 43 45 29 12 30 66 59 13 31 86 90 17 13 21 43 45 29 12 30 66 59 13 31 86 90 0 0 211 292 217 142 272 447 598 163 111 219 211 292 217 142 272 447 598 163 111 219 2013 2013 Lo Lo 2988 1228 2988 1228 ve ve .3 .0 .7 .7 .3 .6 .9 .3 .7 .8 .3 .7 .8 .4 .6 .5 .5 .6 .2 .1 .2 .0 .3 .7 .0 .5 .3 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .5 .7 .0 .0 .1 .7 .4 .5 .1 .4 .7 .2 .2 .3 .0 .7 .7 .3 .6 .9 .3 .7 .8 .3 .7 .8 .4 .6 .5 .5 .6 .2 .1 .1 .2 .0 .0 .4 .3 .7 .0 .5 .3 .1 .1 .1 .7 .2 .2 .1 .5 .7 .0 .5 .6 .1 .1 .4 .7 .2 .2 .1 .6 .1 0 0 11 26 30 24 37 72 57 53 13 28 47 51 85 80 11 13 26 14 47 20 11 26 30 24 37 72 57 53 13 28 47 51 85 80 11 13 26 14 47 20 0 4 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 3 5 1 1 3 6 8 4 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 2 0 3 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 3 5 1 1 3 6 8 4 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 3 2 3 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 XX XX XX XX XX XX XX XX 124 274 368 126 293 226 425 514 834 252 242 249 124 274 368 126 293 226 425 514 834 252 242 249 A A 3690 1799 3690 1799 . . rs rs # # 2 9 9 6 4 7 3 9 3 7 8 7 9 8 8 7 8 4 1 2 2 1 5 6 6 1 1 1 2 2 6 8 4 5 1 9 3 9 1

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e e l l b d b d . . o t o t , , c c ne ne a a s s i i d a d a t t c l c l ne ne f f i i n t n t i i o ] o ] l l i l i l d d ne ne 2 2 8 1 3 1 1 1 2 9 6 1 2 r 2 2 8 1 3 1 1 1 2 9 6 1 2 r a a a a i i 53 12 18 29 37 31 44 15 90 61 35 25 53 12 18 29 37 31 44 15 90 61 35 25 t t t t l l e e LH LH ne ne T 100 253 T 100 253 ol ol out out r r i i r r l l b b d d e e e e r r n i n i ox] ox] [ [ e e n n p p und und r r ne ne unt unt r r b b n i y n i y a a e e [ [ o und o und d d e e s s k k he he r r [ [ he r he r t t 1 8 1 3 4 7 7 und 2 8 1 8 1 3 4 7 7 und 2 8 y y s s a a ne a ne a 49 66 18 19 38 81 55 26 34 25 49 66 18 19 38 81 55 26 34 25 Ba Ba e e r r i i 286 172 104 286 172 104 how 0 how 0 e e or or l l d d l l n t n t d C d C a a s s y y r 1 [ r 1 [ e e N N i i e e s s he he 0 0 r r out out r r y y oub oub : : a a 0 1 0 1 [ [ B B a d a d w ous w ous s s / P / P e e s s r r d d 1 1 r r ut ut C C vi vi 2 1 1 1 6 2 3 8 1 2 4 7 1 2 2 1 1 1 6 2 3 8 1 2 4 2 7 1 e e y y [ [ 73 12 13 15 46 13 73 25 73 12 13 15 46 13 73 25 M M a a s s c c e e ous ous 155 168 155 168 ne ne i 0 i 0 e e r r d d i i t t N N m m l l ous ous vi vi 2014 2014 c c 1 1 y y t e t e p p r r or or e e e e 0 0 vi vi r r c c t a t a e e he he e e s s 1 1 p r p r ous ous and SB and SB - - t t r r onne onne 4 3 2 3 3 1 8 1 2 6 2 p 4 3 2 3 3 1 8 1 2 6 2 p vi vi pl pl he he und und i d i d 26 13 29 C 41 64 37 37 51 35 43 26 10 26 13 29 C 41 64 37 37 51 35 10 43 26 e e of of 375 375 WR ous WR ous e e t t C C r r l l ut Sum he ut Sum he B B y y U M U M vi vi t t l l ny ny l l l l S S of of e e l l l l t i c t i c r r a a oub oub y y c c c c ny ny on p on p i i d d d d d d ous ous on a on a 1 3 4 2 2 6 7 3 1 3 4 2 2 6 7 3 s s or or c p c p e e 58 45 19 20 17 12 34 71 21 58 45 19 20 17 12 34 71 21 ng p ng p on a on a s s d d t CT t CT 384 130 384 130 a l e a l e i vi i vi H f H f d d nne nne e e e e s s d d e e on a on a V V o e o e d d r r ur ur or or e e d d r r c c C C p p or or d d unl unl e e n hi n hi l l e e s s c c or or l l s s r r r r e e c c hi hi C a C a t t 3 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 4 9 1 8 3 1 3 2 2 3 1 6 3 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 4 9 1 8 3 1 3 2 2 3 1 6 e e i i 12 14 41 67 35 20 36 28 12 17 17 39 91 13 28 16 11 12 14 41 67 35 20 36 28 12 17 17 39 91 13 28 16 11 e e n w n w NH NH B 393 135 165 B 393 135 165 r r n r n r ng a BCs ng a BCs y y not not i i w w ha ha S S ut ut t t s s ha ha - - S S t t s s 0 0 s l s l ve ve t t b b i i d d a a a a es es 1 1 d d t t e e p p i i s s e e l l n f i n f i or or a a o ne 1 1 2 2 2 4 5 3 4 6 4 1 2 2 3 1 7 o ne 1 1 2 2 2 4 5 3 4 6 4 1 2 2 3 1 7 l l l l eci eci ur ur i i c p c p 27 78 13 47 23 55 15 53 37 57 88 23 42 15 24 27 78 13 47 23 55 15 53 37 57 88 23 42 15 24 l l GS GS a a r r 385 359 115 385 359 115 p p ha ha a a 1031 s 1031 s 2014 , 2014 , t t n t n t s s p t p t t t - - e e ] ] r r ] ] e e r r e e r r e e he he rd rd e e now now w w w w e e o t o t [CD [CD [CD k [CD k w w Co Co s s y y n n n t n t e e a a ers ers ant ant reco i reco r i r i i i i ers ers a a b c b c on f on f er er er er C t C t b b D n D n or or e pe e pe s s ed ed d d r r k k k k l l n n m m o o B B p p e e e e n n r r c ch c ch k k m m m m e e ck ck r k r k r r r o r o t t ant u ant u er er e e e e a a r r rd rd u u r r e e r r u u e u e u e e dpi dpi aw aw t unt t unt s e s e k k y v y v g g or or r r r r r r e e t al t al e k e k r e S r e S v v ot ot e n e n es es aw aw as as ca ca o o e l e l n n aw aw o o H H r r not e not e n n D D e e e e n n k k l l c c a a n n er er p p eg eg k al k al - - ne on l ne on l H b H b e hi e hi lo m lo m k k o o l C r l C r t - pe pe t - pe pe ls - uc ls er n - uc er n r r oon oon o er o er re re he he e d H i e d H i i p i p e ro e ro e e k k er n er n t t d C eci d C eci c c t - w S t - w S P P e r e r h e h e x haw x uc haw uc gans ck D t gans ck D t h reco h reco one one r e r e l c e d H l c e d H w w ge p ge p d P d P t e t e m m . . M st M st d H e d T d H e d T t r r t r - r - L e p L e p a a rri re t rri re t h a e pe r d h a e pe r d d S p d S p gans w gans w e e i D i D a r a r g g t t l l l l o ys o ys d d d t n d t n oot e oot e i g i g e l e l p p r r ed i l r u e e ed i l r u e e d n d n os a o l os a o l l l aw aw ol s ol D s D e d T d e d T d k s k s t obw ew t obw ew d P d P oon or t y oon or t y G G t t H e t t H e e e e e i g hove i g hove n n ed ns ed ns v v r r k e k e e eb u e eb u bc i K t e bc i K t e u t u t H H H H oos r oos r l t ai l t ai e e e e s s de e d de e d t t e e e Fa / Bl e Fa / Bl t a a e ous t a a e ous d d ro R Ne Hi F N A ro R Ne Hi F N A d el r nne d el r nne Bi t a B O K Bi t a B O K N N dpi dpi i i a a nge nge nge nge l e l e r cau r cau e e e nge e nge p er p er r re r re H a H a d d s s l t l t e e H k k H k k uc uc lli lli r r k e k e i d i i d i ur ur r gr r gr u an u an N N i i t t n W n C n W n C S n n n n S n n n n l l n n c c Ra Ra i l uc b i l uc b ng t e R c ng t e R c g g s s e l e m m e l e m m oos l g oos l g r n B n G l c c r n B n G l c c e i e i hi hi r r S nge S nge i i n S n S r r ea oa c ea oa c i ' i ' G G l a a l - ot l a a l - ot Y S Y S ES i p ES i p a a r r a r a a r a w w w w i i Vu rn r r i n Vu rn r r i n ea d ea d l l r s r s I w I w - - d M d M i l Pl o i l u i l Pl o i l u on G on L b p on G on L b a p a D T D T y E r y E r c on M r c on M r i a not S i a not S I s I s a c c d Sandpi H e e c a c c d Sandpi H e e c y y r e ca ca c r e ca ca c r r al r - al r - r r t t Eg Eg y e B E y e B E - - r r - Vu houl - Vu houl G ne G ne i i i i ne ne hr hr n er y e n er y e g i c b y y w i i i c g y b y w i i S S eh d G eh d G Bl u t Bl u t t t e l a t t e l a Sw Sw ed w w ed p pa n n- p pa n n- e e e e nga nga e e Ra Ra b t t b t t e e m m t r r p- m m t r r p- Ea t a t Bi e s m g Ea t a t Bi e s m g T i s i s T on' s l a t l on' s a t k k - he he - h k k - he he - h k he k he t er t er r i n ri i n r ri i i i i S S t t d d e d d e li li re re - - K e - - K e able s able s - t t a a e a e - t t a a e a e n t n t o o f s ssy and Sandpi f s ssy and Sandpi s cci s cci e e e e s s at s s at k n g e n k g e a s a s c c i n f c c i n f c d l e f c d l e f d e l a er er d e l a er er r r i t i t g g r l d r l d l l rt rt EC f EC f l d t l e l d t l e d d t l e d d t l e d r d- r d d- r r l l ea e ea e a a a o oad- nd a o oad- nd m l m l appe ng- appe ng- i i hi hi e ue ng- e ue ng- ut ood D a i l i s i l ut ood D a i l i s i l adw m oode o nhi m pl or oubl r adw m oode o nhi m pl or oubl r r r r r u ed a o i n la i l anada G om om ud or e om oope or l ud e i u ed a o i n i l anada G om om ud or e om oope or l la ud e i l uf e r m m e m i l uf e r m m e m i e es e ong- es ong- P e i t u em o e a now ur P now e i t u em o e a ur e e S S C Bra M W G A A M M B B C H C R R R W N R C Pi e H W A Am L G re G re Snow L C G re Bl a Y G l Bl a T O sp M Ba N Shar C a N R B Re A M C K Vi r Sor A B S Pi p K A Spot S G W U R R S L S S p N R D Pe G R G L S S S S C Bra M W G A A M M B B C H C R R R W N R C Pi e H W A Am L G re G re Snow L C G re Bl a Y G l Bl a T O sp M Ba N Shar C a N R B Re A M C K Vi r Sor A B S Pi p K A Spot S G W U R R S L S p W N R D Pe L G R G L S W L age 1 age 1 00_T P 00_T P 2014 Summer Bird Count 129 h 1 1 9 6 2 2 2 1 3 6 4 6 5 2 2 9 8 5 4 8 9 5 3 1 1 1 3 2 6 4 3 1 1 1 7 1 1 5 9 6 2 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 0 1 3 2 1 2 7 1 1 5 6 i g 24 39 10 51 35 49 66 78 26 24 69 34 22 87 60 78 93 16 13 86 18 21 17 32 15 24 65 11 73 11 59 36 22 56 22 21 26 120 144 132 116 253 235 102 113 288 118 234 184 215 158 148 334 139 111 375 463 360 236 790 649 356 167 797 315 939 529 616 280 365 502 321 684 306 607 582 345 449 297 476 975 373 547 613 227 504 407 270 511 392 1109 1011 1040 1143 3526 1990 2254 2005 2335 3039 1025 1154 1095 1419 4153 2064 2897 1757 2623 2200 8404 4762 6613 2297 H w .0 1 0 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 1 0 2 7 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 7 7 4 2 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 13 21 43 45 29 10 11 61 16 50 14 41 13 46 12 30 66 59 13 31 20 26 10 70 26 86 90 75 62 13 62 0 211 292 217 554 146 506 337 235 103 592 224 548 389 456 206 682 181 486 199 723 193 445 142 272 447 598 163 111 219 190 413 107 217 759 667 468 102 349 148 147 370 276 943 2013 Lo 2490 1483 1570 1648 1698 1234 2988 1228 2072 1227 1993 1245 5738 3538 4766 1791 ve .3 .0 .7 .7 .3 .6 .9 .3 .7 .2 .6 .7 .9 .6 .9 .9 .0 .8 .3 .7 .8 .4 .6 .5 .5 .6 .2 .4 .1 .1 .2 .0 .0 .3 .7 .0 .5 .3 .1 .1 .1 .7 .2 .2 .1 .5 .7 .0 .7 .3 .1 .3 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .4 .5 .0 .1 .5 .4 .1 .7 .2 .2 .1 .6 .1 0 11 26 30 24 37 72 57 53 13 28 15 21 38 92 24 10 93 38 28 63 51 98 47 51 85 80 11 13 26 14 47 20 34 98 43 24 10 96 38 0 4 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 6 0 0 5 3 5 1 1 3 6 8 4 1 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 3 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 XX XX XX XX 124 274 368 126 293 776 190 654 493 265 138 658 264 132 756 459 534 244 779 105 271 672 353 921 262 526 226 425 514 834 252 242 249 356 689 226 169 351 996 825 520 100 164 432 254 213 444 314 A 2839 1744 1876 1835 2001 1901 3690 1799 2567 1501 2383 1828 1211 7074 4021 5549 2012 . rs # 2 9 9 6 4 7 3 9 3 7 7 8 4 7 7 8 7 9 8 8 7 8 4 3 9 6 1 2 2 1 5 6 6 1 1 1 1 9 2 2 6 8 4 5 7 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 9 0 1 2

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c t a l b l a s f ox] a 2 1 2 1 1 e 7 3 2 6 9 9 1 2 7 2 1 1 3 1 1 2 2 1 3 St d 10 25 26 17 64 35 43 10 47 15 66 24 92 37 27 44 66 59 27 79 17 55 74 17 11 24 57 16 38 23 26 41 36 16 65 44 12 153 103 116 134 165 114 523 259 179 101 546 146 num b he ol d d num s Th e l b d . o t , c ne a s i d a t c l ne f i n t i o ] l i l d ne 2 2 8 1 2 1 8 4 1 1 1 3 4 7 2 1 1 8 1 2 2 9 8 6 1 2 8 4 3 r a a i 10 53 12 18 10 14 54 64 23 39 65 12 77 21 22 43 95 11 29 37 31 34 26 44 15 90 61 35 25 59 26 76 45 11 38 12 33 62 60 t t l e LH ne T 244 111 166 101 176 100 174 401 310 249 247 212 850 652 264 100 135 183 922 253 100 120 112 564 197 450 521 ol out r i r l b d e e r n i ox] [ e n p und r ne unt r b n i y a e [ o und d e s k he r [ he r t 1 8 4 7 1 1 3 1 5 4 7 7 und 1 2 8 2 1 y s a ne a 49 66 18 61 40 45 17 19 38 19 56 81 60 67 55 13 17 84 26 34 25 69 39 25 77 58 59 41 44 27 31 24 33 Ba e r i 321 142 603 136 160 522 132 120 286 172 104 394 438 105 189 279 179 399 138 141 467 784 565 342 111 853 229 350 220 how 0 e or l d l n t 1013 1276 1042 1207 d C a s y r 1 [ e N i e s he 0 r out r y oub : a 0 1 [ B a d w ous s / P e s r d 1 r ut C vi 1 2 1 7 1 1 1 4 4 1 6 3 2 8 4 2 3 8 1 2 4 2 7 1 6 9 4 9 6 8 6 7 e y [ 73 12 13 15 63 19 10 46 53 80 17 99 13 73 25 10 31 23 56 92 20 40 96 31 42 31 84 34 31 86 41 23 58 17 30 M a s c e ous 155 229 203 154 168 178 194 214 140 128 240 112 306 445 279 139 159 ne i 0 e r d i t N m l ous vi 2014 c 1 y t e p r or e e 0 vi r c t a e he e s 1 p r ous and SB - t r onne 9 4 3 2 7 2 7 3 3 1 1 8 1 2 6 2 6 8 7 1 2 6 9 2 p vi pl he und i d 23 26 13 58 30 38 16 29 19 14 C 18 41 64 37 37 51 35 10 43 26 36 23 27 98 74 28 36 83 97 55 11 11 44 38 76 59 84 41 10 45 11 e of 270 114 187 403 197 115 375 256 117 126 136 112 238 230 251 197 159 564 424 292 166 183 WR ous e t C r l ut Sum he B y U M vi t l ny l l S of e l l t i c r a oub y c c ny on p i d d d ous on a 2 1 3 1 2 6 4 2 2 6 7 3 1 3 9 3 2 9 2 5 1 2 1 2 2 s or c p e 58 71 97 56 25 13 14 45 19 20 17 12 34 71 21 86 90 10 72 53 66 52 24 48 27 67 24 59 72 55 51 13 68 59 78 12 59 ng p on a s d t CT 155 384 130 291 113 111 104 793 212 773 184 a l e i vi H f d nne e e s d e on a V o e d r ur or e d r c C p or d unl e n hi l e s c or l s r r e c hi C a t 3 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 2 6 1 5 4 9 1 8 3 1 3 2 2 3 1 6 1 2 6 5 2 4 6 7 2 5 1 e i c p 12 14 41 71 16 76 80 13 67 35 20 36 28 12 17 17 39 91 13 28 16 11 42 24 41 10 21 59 84 54 47 24 55 44 14 58 16 87 96 33 21 52 19 58 64 22 e n w NH B 111 393 135 165 252 282 123 237 117 130 129 139 115 163 724 192 569 147 130 r n r ng a BCs y not i w ha S ut t s ha - 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a r e e n d k h Vi r l hi ng c r r a ecker ngbi n hr es er c p d l eg k c al - ne on l ut p c H b l e d K u e hi a r r cked e o i i c lo ar m k us o r l C r s W h t - pe pe b ls ls - P uc er n r e eo oon i e e o er d w i e ll p er re K F n r l l n he e d H ' i i p e ro e u i n k o b yca s W r pe er n i r F k t w a h d W o d C eci ow c O w t - w S P s r d N l pe - ul e r us r h e x x T haw uc k t gans ck D n t om p h reco one h ng l e l ecker u ul be e r d e e l d d l c er at e d H w r i t c ge p i d P C t e e s ne d H m . . a hr M b d Saps he st eo n d S d H e d T eci t e t r b r i er b - L e p l e e a rri d re t h a e pe r d e d S u r' p gans w e c e s i D d sh a d C r ar i f nat ov d l g oodc ch t c e p p l c h l o C t o ys r r a d N e a d n d t n d oot e e ro i g k t c e e hr f i ed l oc w p p D a eech r l e ul ed i l r t i n u e e t r d n w e b G ul os a o l rn o n F W l e n C aw i ol d V s D e d T d W d k s i keet t obw ough- ar w rd ow ew n d P r V G l n t av m y ow ne oon or t y n G T t t H e d e e o e d c e i g hove as n , - 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el t al r - r ed t Eg T ous y e e C B E an F i H o d B - r - T r - Vu - c houl - G b ne n i i Fl y r l i r r r ni haw n ne hr r n er y cko e i c g i c Te w y b y i n n n T w he gr w F i i w e - - S eh d G t p Bl u t l v t t t - Sw t C e l a t d d Sw b w w w w ed es e Pi g l e p pa n i a n- e e ns nga i e e - Ra b t t e - m m t r r p- L B t Ea t a ne t Bi e y W s br m m t ny b eyed g y m i s T e e- e t l on' s on' s a t k k k r J - Sw k P he he he he he he - - k - - h pi k he k t er i n C r r r er ri e e e ri S t i i se b i o S t t d d y e li a re ne y e - - K t e t e p- t able s able s k - t h h t t t t ol t t a a a - - e a e n t n ow o o o o p t e s f s ssy t w r t t t n Sw ope and Sandpi s de de p s cci e e y s s s at n k g e g i uc a s c c i n c e e pl e k ck S f c d l e l o c f d e e l a r e rsh er er n i r i t g h ve- a l u i r l d f l l ll- rt i m r s rri rm i y EC f llo ea l d c r s t l ea dar s rre ea s e d d t l e n d l t d- r adi d- r f t r l ughi rs ea a e a a a nd o oad- ct i o ow m l l l l l a appe ght e c n ng- i h i a hi e ue ue ac ue ue a l ng- ut ood D a i l i s i l our hi i l a hi a ood T o h adw m oode o nhi m pl unl ow a l e r or ol ol or oubl r r r u l r r u ed a o i n i l h o l i a anada G om om ud or e om oope or l la ud e ona or i om or ar ub i or e or i a i om l uf e r m uby as c as as l ank ar l e l r ur l m m e m l a a ed i ed m e r en i eer e a es ong- u e P e i t u em o a e hor ea r u w now ur o e e e e e S S C Bra M W G A A M M B B C H C R R R W N R C Pi e H W A Am L G re G re Snow L C G re Bl a Y G l Bl a T O sp M Ba N Shar C a N R B Re A M C K Vi r Sor A B S Pi p K A Spot S G W U R R S S L W P P D S W A L B H e G Le G F Ro B Ro M M Bl a Y cu E G re B N N W C R Be R Y D H N P O E Y A Al d W L E E G E W Y B W R Bl u A Fi s C H Pu T N B C B B T R W B C H o Wi M G R B Ea G B S H e W Am G ra N B E C B " " G T N N Y S p Pe N R D R G C V G Bl R C G L S W L age 1 age 2 00_T 00_T P P

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l n i t T w c ' s e W Ra i l uc b yca c w ng t e R c g l ow al S r g ee W as G u s b Te e l e m m e l oos l g n a n Saw n R n M n P e r n B n G l c c d e i a hr hi i l Bl u y S ade l r nge S nge i l o n S u appe ay r r b t h y be ki lle ea oa c l i ' ng D i a G s an St w l a a l - ot Y S ES i p r a r a - an W a i a r a on' s s W O w w w i T i lle l Fl y r r r r r e Vu rn r r i n ng G n ea d i l r s M r he g n I w Wr - - W - - r d M e C hr i l Pl o i l u br eyed on G on L b p a D T y E r b n n W n P n K on R c n na W W donax on T c on M r a S W d L K T t i a not S i al I s a i l w W re a c c d Sandpi H e e c s b c r' n- n- a y c c poor r e ca ca c r - el t al r - ed r t Eg T ous e C an F i H o d B y e B E r - T - r - c - - Vu houl b G ne n i i Fl y r l i r r r ni haw n ne r hr cko n er y e i c Te w n i n n T he gr w F i c g y b y w i i w e - - S t eh d G p Bl u t l v t - Sw t C t t t e l a d d Sw b w w w w ed es e Pi g l e i a p pa n n- ns e e nga i e e - Ra b t t - e L B m m t r r p- t ne y W br m t ny b eyed y m Ea t a t Bi e s m g e e- e i s T t on' s l on' s a t k r J Sw k P he he he he - k - - pi k k - he he - h k k he t er C r r er ri e e e i n r ri S t se i i b i o S t t y d d e li a ne y re e e t t p- t - - K e able s able s k t h h t t ol t t a - - - t t a a e a e n t n ow o o o o s p t e t w r t t t n Sw ope s de de p f s ssy and Sandpi s cci y e e s s s at n k g e g i uc a s c e e pl e k ck S c c i n f l o c c d l e f e e r rsh n i d e l a er er r i t h ve- a g l u i f r l d l l ll- i m r s rri rm i rt y llo ea EC f c r s ea dar s rre ea s l d t l e n d d t l e l t r adi f t d- d d- r r l ughi rs a ea e a a ct i o ow a o oad- nd l l l l m l a ght e c n appe ng- h i a i hi ue ac ue ue a l e ue ng- our hi i l a hi a ood T o h ut ood D a i l i s i l unl ow a l e r or ol ol r adw m oode o nhi m pl or oubl r u l r r r h o l i a ona or i om or ar ub i or e or i a om u ed a o i n i l anada G om om ud or e om oope or l la ud e i m uby as c as as l ank ar l e l r ur l l a a ed i ed m e r en eer l uf e r m m e m i a e es ong- u e hor ea r u w P now e i t u em o e a ur o e e e e e W P P D S W A L B H e G Le G F Ro B Ro M M Bl a Y cu E G re B N N W C R Be R Y D H N P O E Y A Al d W L E E G E W Y B W R Bl u A Fi s C H Pu T N B C B B T R W B C H o Wi M G R B Ea G B S H e W Am G ra N B E C B " " G T N N Y V R G C Bl C S S S C Bra M W G A A M M B B C H C R R R W N R C Pi e H W A Am L G re G re Snow L C G re Bl a Y G l Bl a T O sp M Ba N Shar C a N R B Re A M C K Vi r Sor A B S Pi p K A Spot S G W U R R S L S p N R D Pe G R G L S W L age 2 age 1 00_T P 00_T P 2014 Summer Bird Count 131 6 4 6 5 2 2 9 3 6 2 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 0 3 1 24 69 34 22 87 60 78 93 16 11 59 36 22 56 26 144 132 116 253 288 118 158 148 111 334 139 236 790 649 356 167 797 315 939 529 616 280 365 502 321 684 476 975 373 547 613 227 504 407 270 511 392 1109 1011 1040 1143 3526 1990 2254 2005 2335 3039 1154 1095 2897 1757 2623 2200 1419 8404 4762 6613 2297 8 0 0 1 0 2 7 1 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 11 61 16 50 14 41 13 46 20 26 10 70 26 75 62 13 62 554 146 506 337 235 103 592 224 548 389 456 206 682 181 486 199 723 193 445 190 413 107 217 759 667 468 102 349 148 147 370 276 943 2490 1483 1570 1648 1698 1234 2072 1227 1993 1245 5738 3538 4766 1791 .2 .6 .7 .9 .6 .9 .9 .0 .4 .1 .7 .3 .1 .3 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .0 .5 .1 15 21 38 92 24 10 93 38 28 63 51 98 34 98 43 24 10 96 38 2 1 2 0 6 0 0 5 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 776 190 654 493 265 138 658 264 132 756 459 534 244 779 105 271 672 353 921 262 526 356 689 226 169 351 996 825 520 100 164 432 254 213 444 314 2839 1744 1876 1835 2001 1901 2567 1501 2383 1828 1211 7074 4021 5549 2012 7 8 4 7 7 3 9 6 7 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 2 1 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 71% 12% 84% 96% 51% 42% 48% 58% 85% 65% 86% 58% 41% 72% 92% 84% 91% 99% 74% 94% 83% 96% 97% 59% 78% 85% 99% 99% 82% 93% 80% 95% 98% 116% 273% 349% 306% 133% 125% 148% 146% 146% 114% 117% 108% 155% 127% 111% 147% 139% 143% 113% 110% 116% 153% 119% 151% 124% 104% 122% 183% 119% 112% 103% 100% 112% 128% 152% 107% 131% 118% 105% 167% 131% 120% 106% 556% 121% 111% 140% ###### 2 1 1 7 4 1 6 4 1 4 2 5 69 95 71 74 35 15 11 35 64 37 31 17 69 60 14 99 291 366 114 322 833 855 756 287 214 188 417 858 376 343 631 115 122 278 577 362 300 660 115 168 121 167 578 749 436 503 619 109 298 149 103 2191 1132 1968 1762 1952 1932 1842 3978 2292 1175 1203 7029 3508 4455 1408 2130 1035 1965 2 2 1 9 9 1 2 7 1 1 2 1 3 25 64 47 66 92 59 17 35 43 10 15 24 37 27 44 66 79 17 57 16 38 23 26 41 36 16 65 44 12 153 103 116 134 165 114 523 259 179 546 101 146 2 1 8 4 1 1 1 4 7 2 8 2 8 8 4 3 10 10 14 54 64 23 39 65 12 77 21 22 43 95 11 34 26 59 26 76 45 11 38 12 62 60 33 244 111 166 101 176 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L e p l e e a d rri re t h a e pe r d e u r' d S p gans w c e s e i D d sh d C a r ar i f nat ov d l g oodc ch c t e p p c h l l o C t r r o ys a d N e a n d d t n d e ro oot e i g k t c e hr f i ed oc e l w p p D a eech l e r ul t i n t r ed i l r u e e w e d n b G ul os a o l rn o n F W e l n C i aw d V ol s D d W e d T d k s i keet ough- ar w rd ow t obw ew n d P r V G l n t av m y ow ne n oon or t y G T d e t t H e e o d c e e as i g hove , - n w dpi ed ns pe r ow ngbi v r T r l i l k e a g e eb u nge bc bc i K t e d o e l l ni ood- u t e H H lli oos r l t ai ru t ow e e k ' s o l e s s de e d an t a l i us e G st e Fa / Bl as l d eep hoe ck- t a a e ous i e d ro R Ne Hi F N A o oodpe d el r nne T Ro m C k Bi t a B O K cr ar N dpi n r rn i c n a a W Vi r nge nge e d a b m l e r V r cau e e e nge G p er r re Fl i l o re H a ed ed d e c s e re r es l t e rn h re H k k rn uc lli w r ax o r S oat k e m e i l l i d i ur al t r gr i n hr a u an N i t al r o n W n C S n i n S n n n n t a l n i t T w c ' s e W Ra i l uc b yca c w ng t e R c g l ow al S r g ee W as G u s b Te e l e m m e l oos l g n a n Saw n R n M n P e r n B n G l c c d e i a hr hi i l Bl u y S ade l r nge S nge i l o n S u appe ay r r b t h y be ki lle ea oa c l i ' ng D i a G s an St w l a a l - ot Y S ES i p r a r a - an W a i a r a on' s s W O w w w i T i lle l Fl y r r r r r e Vu rn r r i n ng G n ea d i l r s M r he g n I w Wr - - W - - r d M e C hr i l Pl o i l u br eyed on G on L b p a D T y E r b n n W n P n K on R c n na W W donax on T c on M r a S W d L K T t i a not S i al I s a i l w W re a c c d Sandpi H e e c s b c r' n- n- a y c c poor r e ca ca c r - el t al r - ed r t Eg T ous e C an F i H o d B y e B E r - T - r - c - - Vu houl b G ne n i i Fl y r l i r r r ni haw n ne r hr cko n er y e i c Te w n i n n T he gr w F i c g y b y w i i w e - - S t eh d G p Bl u t l v t - Sw t C t t t e l a d d Sw b w w w w ed es e Pi g l e i a p pa n n- ns e e nga i e e - Ra b t t - e L B m m t r r p- t ne y W br m t ny b eyed y m Ea t a t Bi e s m g e e- e i s T t on' s l on' s a t k r J Sw k P he he he he - k - - pi k k - he he - h k k he t er C r r er ri e e e i n r ri S t se i i b i o S t t y d d e li a ne y re e e t t p- t - - K e able s able s k t h h t t ol t t a - - - t t a a e a e n t n ow o o o o s p t e t w r t t t n Sw ope s de de p f s ssy and Sandpi s cci y e e s s s at n k g e g i uc a s c e e pl e k ck S c c i n f l o c c d l e f e e r rsh n i d e l a er er r i t h ve- a g l u i f r l d l l ll- i m r s rri rm i rt y llo ea EC f c r s ea dar s rre ea s l d t l e n d d t l e l t r adi f t d- d d- r r l ughi rs a ea e a a ct i o ow a o oad- nd l l l l m l a ght e c n appe ng- h i a i hi ue ac ue ue a l e ue ng- our hi i l a hi a ood T o h ut ood D a i l i s i l unl ow a l e r or ol ol r adw m oode o nhi m pl or oubl r u l r r r h o l i a ona or i om or ar ub i or e or i a om u ed a o i n i l anada G om om ud or e om oope or l la ud e i m uby as c as as l ank ar l e l r ur l l a a ed i ed m e r en eer l uf e r m m e m i a e es ong- u e hor ea r u w P now e i t u em o e a ur o e e e e e W P P D S W A L B H e G Le G F Ro B Ro M M Bl a Y cu E G re B N N W C R Be R Y D H N P O E Y A Al d W L E E G E W Y B W R Bl u A Fi s C H Pu T N B C B B T R W B C H o Wi M G R B Ea G B S H e W Am G ra N B E C B " " G T N N Y R G C V Bl C S S S C Bra M W G A A M M B B C H C R R R W N R C Pi e H W A Am L G re G re Snow L C G re Bl a Y G l Bl a T O sp M Ba N Shar C a N R B Re A M C K Vi r Sor A B S Pi p K A Spot S G W U R R S L S p N R D Pe G R G L S W L age 2 age 1 00_T P 00_T P 2014 Summer Bird Count 133 05 .0 + 6 4 6 5 2 2 9 7 2 4 7 3 6 2 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 0 0 0 3 1 24 69 34 22 87 60 78 93 16 21 72 19 60 60 11 59 36 22 56 77 75 11 28 26 22 50 6 144 132 116 253 106 288 118 112 149 158 148 139 146 141 156 111 334 139 129 236 790 649 356 167 797 315 939 529 616 280 365 502 321 684 672 243 231 460 624 225 577 616 191 263 476 975 373 547 613 227 504 407 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80 2 1 2 0 6 0 0 5 3 0 0 3 6 1 1 6 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 776 190 654 493 265 138 658 264 132 756 459 534 244 779 105 271 672 353 921 262 526 609 101 200 198 420 104 522 102 188 112 467 535 183 247 356 689 226 169 351 996 825 520 100 164 432 254 213 444 314 108 345 556 329 764 492 154 1301 1248 2839 1744 1876 1835 2001 1901 1305 1581 1778 2407 2807 1903 2567 1501 2383 1828 1211 7074 4021 5549 2012 4808 5083 1139 1145 1078 2288 3327 133. 98260 7 8 4 7 7 1 5 3 9 6 7 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 7 1 1 1 2 3 5 4 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 4 1 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 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638 2191 1132 1968 1762 1952 1932 1842 3978 2292 2092 2780 3074 2076 1092 1957 1175 1203 7029 2067 3508 4455 3502 1408 2130 1035 1965 1487 4291 1869 720. 1409. 1341. 101552 7 6 5 8 2 2 1 4 3 2 5 9 9 1 8 2 9 7 1 1 2 1 0 3 10 25 64 47 66 92 59 19 93 30 34 94 54 66 17 35 43 10 15 24 37 27 44 66 25 13 79 12 30 10 21 17 16 14 57 16 38 23 26 41 36 16 65 44 73 36 21 12 14 478 153 103 116 134 165 114 523 259 129 262 117 129 100 179 546 138 101 146 496 181 104 6220 551. 112.8 91.75 2 4 1 5 2 1 8 4 1 1 7 2 1 4 7 1 9 2 8 2 8 8 0 4 3 16 16 13 10 10 10 14 54 64 23 39 65 12 77 21 22 43 95 50 12 31 41 15 98 15 11 19 48 27 12 13 34 26 14 68 87 59 26 76 45 11 38 12 62 60 33 392 244 111 166 101 176 100 174 401 310 249 247 212 850 652 264 117 585 527 106 367 563 122 210 103 151 112 126 279 135 183 112 181 166 922 212 450 361 100 120 112 564 197 521 464 164 100 770 202 137 297 888. 16077 5 4 7 1 9 2 7 9 1 5 8 7 1 2 2 0 1 23 11 19 61 40 45 17 12 16 50 91 19 56 60 67 65 34 13 17 84 69 39 25 77 58 59 41 44 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ow nal ne on l H b f bl r l 10 P e hi S f i dual l e r lo m k r t a o r l C r t - pe pe ls e H ls - uc er n r W oon d C r o er VI DUAL co k e e ac re r rv e i he a bl e e d H i EF le i p e ro r r O b e b ow k le er n s b bl t t i d C eci H c d l t - w S P ow d W l y e r e d Spar h e x e be x haw uc e gans ck D t d W d B di h reco r one r n ow r v d C r e ow k l d e l c e d H l e i o w b ge p ow ar d P r t t e m . t . o Spar M st F d G d H e d T r y d l n t r r - L e p a bl bl rri re t een h a e pe r d l H o d S p e ow r o gans w at he e e i D r ng se r a r i t r i ac g r ar t t r l l o r o ys b l d d t n h ar a oot e e i g e i r at e l p ne r r ed i l r u e e y d n a i l r pe h os ow os a o l adow pe l s ar r aw ol s D de ow e d T d es k s t obw ew t d P h G ea r an W oon or t y G es ar t t H e e e as e c i g hove n ed ns l e v d B i r ng W r r ar ar k e Ju e eb u s p bc bc i K t e e u t r H H oos r p b ndi l t ai e e s de e d ar t e rt e Fa / Bl O d b i i d t a a e ous a ade d e ro R Ne Hi F N A ow d el r nne Re G s Bi t a B O K l N dpi oat i b a G oat nge nge s l e r cau ds e e nge p er nc i n r re O W ni H a d s anage l t e as H k k s uc lli r - O b P I h Spar k e e e ow a i d i I NDI n ur unt r gr O ri u an N i t um i r n W n C n n Wa r a W S n n n n eci l s n S - rs c r rd Ra ll W a i l uc b s ng t e R c eci k g s at e l e m m P our oos l g r n W n C e s r n B n G l c c r e i hi ' o i r S nge i Spar n S i r r br ea oa c i ' i l s he ng W G l a a l - ot Y S hr ES i p a a rd e C C C r EE O W a a hr h a r a p o T w w o nge ' i Spar r r r Vu rn r r i n e ea d u p l r s Fi n c an W ng Spar I w - - - d W d M sse nk i l Pl o i l u o t P on G on L b p a D T i y E r & k n M on Y on G t t n T c on M r i s t F rd Spar i i a not S I s a c c d Sandpi H e e c s ana W r y - r e ca ca c r r - i r eyed cky W hoppe p Spar i al r - r t Eg n y e B E p - - bi b B r - br nut - bur ng G e ar - Vu houl G ne i i t a r H i ni r ne y hr n er y e i e i c i c c R n- i c g y b y w i i de e e b S e S AL eh d G Bl u t rv . . a t t e l a e Sw w ed l e t s S p pa n n- e e e nga e e c - Ra m b t t ght e m m t r r p- w u m m Ea t a t Bi e s m g e i s T o i l l on' s a t W k he he k k s S k k - he he - h k k he on' s t er r r e y e i n r ri i i m S t t d d e i li t - k- s t go B v v n re d Spar t - - K e able s able s C t t h m - t t a a e a e S SB SB n t ow ow o p t i i r ni ul e t t t f s ssy and Sandpi s cci e e annah Spar s s at pe T k ppi n k g e s e G D P a s e c ck- e c c i n f c c d l e f i e e l d e l a er er r i t t g l l se r t h r l d ls l am e rt l llo EC f a l t i r r r as l d t l e d d t l e d r d- e d d- r r l ea e a a c ow a o oad- nd l l m l as ar appe ng- u hi i hi ac ac e a e ue ng- d agnol or our hi ut ood D a i l i s i l oode r e a ous EG ous adw m oode o nhi m pl or oubl r r r la en l u O he e or om hi or om anada W u ed a o i n i l anada G om om ud or e om oope or l la ud e i l l i e os e as r v ar l obol as l uf e r m m e m i e es ong- oui P now e i t u em o e a ur e e e ndi ndi n C M B Y B B Pi n Pr B C Bl a Am W O v N L K M C H Wi Y C F V Sav G N Se Song Spar Sw W W D Sc N R B I D i R E C Bo B O rc Ba B Pu H Re Am E o T C C D O b Pa P D a N I I % % % Sal B Pi n H C E S S S C Bra M W G A A M M B B C H C R R R W N R C Pi e H W A Am L G re G re Snow L C G re Bl a Y G l Bl a T O sp M Ba N Shar C a N R B Re A M C K Vi r Sor A B S Pi p K A Spot S G W U R R S L S p N R D Pe G R G L S W L age 3 age 1 00_T P 00_T P 2014 Summer Bird Count 135 05 .0 + 7 2 4 7 1 2 7 1 3 1 1 1 1 0 0 21 72 19 60 60 77 75 11 28 22 50 6 106 112 149 139 146 141 156 129 672 243 231 460 624 225 577 616 191 263 416 677 463 888 703 200 1417 1358 1566 1951 2019 2745 3133 2247 5453 6534 1284 1400 1240 2685 4194 1E .0 1 4 0 0 2 1 1 8 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 34 55 35 32 41 39 68 75 80 75 77 90 1 116 529 162 139 398 417 145 385 446 174 229 272 446 245 680 391 102 928 930 776 1184 1124 1131 1333 1516 2178 2374 1649 4413 3786 1737 2816 82283 1 .1 .2 .9 .9 .2 .4 .0 .2 .4 .9 .0 .5 .8 .1 .1 .1 .1 .7 0 0 0 12 45 75 46 53 50 52 17 80 3 0 0 3 6 6 2 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 609 101 200 198 420 104 522 102 188 112 467 535 183 247 108 345 556 329 764 492 154 1301 1248 1305 1581 1778 2407 2807 1903 4808 5083 1139 1145 1078 2288 3327 133. 98260 1 5 2 3 2 5 4 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 74% 85% 92% 77% 99% 16% 88% 96% 95% 89% 75% 69% 81% 89% 95% 96% 87% 86% 56% 103% 105% 131% 123% 127% 116% 118% 226% 163% 103% 114% 130% 131% 161% 500% 333% 118% 159% 116% 130% 111% 487% 110% 113% 123% 109% 101% 130% 101% 102% 110% 129% 108% 107% ###### 3 3 6 3 1 1 1 7 7 1 68 c p 83 13 57 71 72 19 20 40 46 80 100 100 100 405 146 537 552 289 694 928 943 251 146 246 301 293 489 123 148 132 133 252 466 735 472 184 638 2092 2780 3074 2076 1092 1957 2067 3502 1487 4291 1869 720. 1409. 1341. 101552 7 6 5 8 4 3 2 5 8 9 0 10 19 93 30 34 94 54 66 25 13 12 30 10 21 16 14 73 36 21 14 478 129 262 117 129 100 138 496 181 104 6220 551. 112.8 91.75 2 4 1 5 7 2 1 9 0 16 16 13 10 50 12 31 41 15 98 15 19 48 27 12 13 14 68 87 392 117 585 527 106 367 563 122 210 103 151 112 126 279 112 181 166 212 361 464 164 100 770 202 137 297 888. 16077 5 9 2 7 9 8 7 2 0 23 11 19 12 16 50 91 65 34 87 28 19 851 127 197 688 181 262 109 739 170 253 273 452 146 437 543 103 147 687 202 383 226 139 200 673 320 121 222 101 1074 909. 23828 8 9 9 2 4 1 6 9 3 6 1 5 0 17 35 31 11 21 94 16 81 33 33 66 52 22 13 37 30 42 620 364 131 123 110 129 180 196 232 208 280 434 104 122 135 175 119 7998 9 9 2 6 1 1 9 1 5 6 1 9 11 c p 11 10 30 48 39 41 11 45 64 78 34 79 91 29 23 15 63 28 874 475 120 244 107 148 125 241 276 206 185 317 351 108 509 157 135 215 163 123 10927 7 8 1 1 3 2 1 7 6 2 2 3 7 14 c p 21 26 53 19 29 23 20 59 91 37 13 30 36 50 81 35 23 229 778 101 103 184 419 113 307 517 115 202 490 105 8015 9 8 1 2 1 1 1 5 1 5 1 3 16 10 31 14 38 12 28 57 24 81 46 27 47 72 12 36 40 18 106 139 136 146 384 136 193 585 123 103 175 129 8550 303. 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 7 20 25 20 51 10 36 23 77 31 49 10 56 83 13 49 35 558 407 219 358 576 116 534 597 140 328 155 284 163 137 1291 357.5 350.5 19937 r e bl S i d r r T: ds e r er r r ar d r b s l ak e i r e h R r ow ow y rv b d l e r h s H r r e r r W bl s e be bi bl k O b B r us / h ow oat se h a r us a r bl hat r F bi d t l e bl c ar rs ue os rs ar ar r a e our r hr p r r k l hr ow k l r e n t e hr e our ow u i e t r W ar ow ak er e l r r c t ar r le ow nal f bl r l 10 P S f i dual l e r r t a r ls e H W d C r VI DUAL co k e e ac r rv e i a bl e EF le r r O b b ow le s b bl t i H d l ow d W l y e d Spar x e be e d W d B di r r n ow r v d C ow k l d e l e i o b ow ar r t . t o Spar F d G r y d l n bl bl een l H o e ow r o at he e r ng se r i t r i ac r ar t r o r b l h ar a e e i r at ne r y a i l r pe h os ow adow pe s ar r de ow es t h G ea r an W es ar e as c l e d B i ng W r r ar ar Ju s p bc e r p b ndi ar rt O d b i i d a ade e ow Re G s l oat b G oat s ds nc i n O W ni anage as s - O b P I h Spar e e ow a I NDI n unt O ri um i r n n Wa r a W eci s S - rs r rd ll W a s eci k at P our r n W n C e s r ' o i Spar i r br i l s he ng W hr a rd e C C C EE O W a a hr h p o T o nge ' Spar r r r e u p Fi n c an W ng Spar - - d W sse nk o t P i & k n M on Y on G t t n T i s t F rd Spar i s ana W r - r - i r eyed cky W hoppe p Spar i n p - bi b B - br nut - bur ng G e ar t a r H i ni r y i e i c i c c R n- de e e b S e AL rv . . a e l e t s S e e c - m ght w u m m e o i l W k he he k k s S k on' s r r e y e m t i t - k- s t go B v v n d Spar t able s C t t h m S SB SB ow ow p t i i r ni ul e t t t annah Spar pe T k ppi s e G D P e c ck- e c i e e l t l l se r t h ls am e l llo a l t i r r r as d r d- e a c ow l l as ar u hi ac ac e a d agnol or our hi oode r e a ous EG ous la en l u O he e or om hi or om anada W l l i e os e as r v ar l as obol oui e e ndi ndi n C M B Y B B Pi n Pr B C Bl a Am W O v N L K M C H Wi Y C F V Sav G N Se Song Spar Sw W W D Sc N R B I D i R E C Bo B O rc Ba B Pu H Re Am E o T C C D O b Pa P D a N I I % % % C E H Sal B Pi n age 3 00_T P

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 136 Zeranski and Comins h 05 .0 + 1 1 9 6 2 2 2 1 3 8 5 4 8 9 5 1 1 1 2 3 2 6 4 3 1 1 1 7 1 1 5 9 2 1 2 2 7 1 1 5 6 i g 7 2 4 7 1 2 1 3 1 1 1 1 7 0 0 24 39 10 51 35 49 66 78 26 13 86 18 21 17 32 15 24 65 11 73 22 21 21 72 19 60 60 77 75 11 28 22 50 6 120 235 102 113 234 184 215 375 463 360 306 607 582 345 449 297 106 112 149 139 146 141 156 129 672 243 231 460 624 225 577 616 191 263 416 677 463 888 703 200 1025 4153 2064 1417 1358 1566 1951 2019 2745 3133 2247 5453 6534 1284 1400 1240 2685 4194 H 1E w .0 .0 1 0 7 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 7 7 4 2 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 0 0 2 1 1 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 17 13 21 43 45 29 12 30 66 59 13 31 86 90 34 55 35 32 41 39 68 75 80 75 77 90 0 1 211 292 217 142 272 447 598 163 111 219 116 529 162 139 398 417 145 385 446 174 229 272 446 245 680 391 102 928 930 776 2013 Lo 2988 1228 1184 1124 1131 1333 1516 2178 2374 1649 4413 3786 1737 2816 82283 1 ve .3 .0 .7 .7 .3 .6 .9 .3 .7 .8 .3 .7 .8 .4 .6 .5 .5 .6 .2 .1 .2 .0 .0 .4 .3 .7 .0 .5 .3 .1 .1 .1 .7 .2 .2 .1 .5 .7 .0 .5 .1 .4 .7 .2 .2 .1 .6 .1 .1 .2 .9 .9 .2 .4 .0 .2 .4 .5 .8 .1 .1 .1 .1 .9 .0 .7 0 0 0 0 11 26 30 24 37 72 57 53 13 28 47 51 85 80 11 13 26 14 47 20 12 45 75 46 53 50 52 17 80 0 4 2 0 4 0 0 0 0 3 5 1 1 3 6 8 4 1 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 1 3 2 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 3 6 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 XX XX XX XX 124 274 368 126 293 226 425 514 834 252 242 249 609 101 200 198 420 104 522 102 188 112 467 535 183 247 108 345 556 329 764 492 154 A 3690 1799 1301 1248 1305 1581 1778 2407 2807 1903 4808 5083 1139 1145 1078 2288 3327 133. 98260 . rs # 2 9 9 6 4 7 3 9 3 7 8 7 9 8 8 7 8 4 1 2 3 2 1 5 6 6 1 1 1 1 9 2 2 6 8 4 5 9 1

3 5 5 2 1 2 7 1 5 2 3 5 4 1 1 1 1 2 0 0 0 4 bs 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 y s ======o l 2004- t a 13 age of To r 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 9% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% t e

80% 11% 49% 90% 79% 43% 59% 75% 81% 59% 73% 56% 57% 79% 90% 29% 59% 88% 45% 91% 59% 93% 67% 88% 87% 96% 63% 24% 35% 74% 85% 92% 77% 99% 16% 88% 96% 95% 89% 75% 69% 81% 89% 95% 96% 87% 86% 56% % ve . 333% 216% 111% 125% 111% 116% 143% 116% 197% 119% 128% 162% 167% 119% 189% 139% 102% 222% 100% 333% 220% 429% 229% 103% 105% 131% 123% 127% 116% 118% 226% 163% 103% 114% 130% 131% 161% 500% 333% 118% 159% 116% 130% 111% 487% 110% 113% 123% 109% 101% 130% 101% 102% 110% 129% 108% 107% 1000% 1000% 2004- s t a ###### A t S s ul r 3 3 s 6 e te o] e al d r 2 4 1 6 3 1 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 5 1 5 5 6 5 3 1 7 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 7 7 1 r c p n 68 72 44 80 12 29 65 39 71 10 22 67 53 56 59 24 45 c p e 83 13 57 71 72 19 20 40 46 80 ot 100 100 100 405 e 135 381 317 437 143 605 138 111 415 162 298 217 146 537 552 289 694 928 943 251 146 246 301 293 489 123 148 132 133 252 466 735 472 184 638 2014 1062 ] 2964 2092 2780 3074 2076 1092 1957 2067 1487 4291 3502 1869 720. S ta z u 1409. 1341. r T 101552 m ] d i e t s r t e b e - c t a l 7 b l a s f ox] a 1 1 e 7 3 2 6 2 1 3 1 2 6 5 8 4 3 5 2 8 9 0 St d 10 26 27 55 74 17 11 24 10 19 25 93 30 34 94 54 66 13 12 30 10 21 16 14 73 36 21 14 478 129 262 117 129 100 496 138 181 104 num b 6220 he 551. ol 112.8 91.75 d d num s Th

e l b d . o t , c ne a s i d a t c l ne 2 f i n t i o ] l i l d ne 2 2 8 1 3 1 1 1 2 9 6 1 2 r 4 1 5 7 2 1 9 0 a a i 16 16 13 53 12 18 29 37 31 44 15 90 61 35 25 10 50 12 31 41 15 98 15 19 48 27 12 13 68 14 87 t t l e LH ne 392 T 100 253 ol 117 585 527 106 367 563 122 210 103 151 112 126 279 112 181 166 212 464 164 100 770 361 202 137 297 out r i r 888. l b d 16077 e e r n i ox] [ e n p und r ne unt r b n i y a e [ 5 o und d e s k he r [ he r t 1 8 1 3 4 7 7 und 2 8 9 2 7 9 8 7 2 0 y s a ne a 23 11 19 49 66 18 19 38 81 55 26 34 25 12 16 50 91 65 34 87 28 19 Ba e r 851 i 286 172 104 127 197 688 181 262 109 739 170 253 273 452 146 543 103 147 687 202 383 437 226 139 200 673 320 121 222 101 how 0 e or l d l n t d C 1074 909. a 23828 s y r 1 [ e N i e s he 0 r out r y oub : a 0 1 [ B a d w ous s / P e s r d 1 r ut C vi 2 1 1 1 6 2 3 8 1 2 4 2 7 1 8 9 9 2 4 1 6 9 3 6 1 5 0 e y [ 73 12 13 15 46 13 73 25 M a 17 31 35 11 21 94 16 81 33 33 66 52 22 13 37 30 42 s c e ous 620 364 155 168 131 123 110 129 180 232 208 280 434 196 104 122 135 175 119 ne i 0 e r d 7998 i t N m l ous vi 2014 c 1 y t e p r or e e 0 vi r c t a e he e s 1 p r ous and SB - t r onne 4 3 2 3 3 1 8 1 2 6 2 p 9 9 2 6 1 1 9 1 5 6 1 9 vi pl he und i d 11 26 13 29 C 41 64 37 37 51 35 10 43 26 c p 11 10 30 48 39 41 11 45 64 78 34 79 91 29 23 15 63 28 e 874 475 of 375 120 244 107 148 125 241 206 185 317 351 108 509 276 157 135 215 163 123 WR ous e t C r l ut Sum he B 10927 y U M vi t l ny l l S of e l l t i c r a oub y c c ny on p i d d d ous on a 1 3 4 2 2 6 7 3 s 7 8 1 1 3 2 1 7 6 2 2 3 7 or c p e 14 58 45 19 20 17 12 34 71 21 c p 21 26 53 19 29 23 20 59 91 37 13 30 36 50 81 35 23 ng p on a s d t CT 229 778 384 130 a l e 101 103 184 113 307 517 419 115 202 490 105 i vi H f d nne e 8015 e s d e on a V o e d r ur or e d r c C p or d unl e n hi l e s 9 c or l s r r e c hi C a t 3 1 1 1 2 4 1 1 4 9 1 8 3 1 3 2 2 3 1 6 8 1 2 1 1 1 5 1 5 1 3 e i 16 10 12 14 41 67 35 20 36 28 12 17 17 39 91 13 28 16 11 31 14 38 12 28 57 24 81 46 27 47 72 12 36 40 18 e n w NH 106 B 393 135 165 139 136 146 136 193 585 384 123 103 175 129 r n r ng a BCs 8550 303. y not i w ha S ut t s ha - S t s 0 s l ve t b i d a a es 1 d t e p i s e l n f i or a o ne 1 1 2 2 2 4 5 3 4 6 4 1 2 2 3 1 7 l 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 7 l eci ur i c p 20 25 20 27 78 13 47 23 55 15 53 37 57 88 23 42 15 24 51 10 36 23 77 31 49 10 56 83 13 49 35 l GS a 558 407 r 385 359 115 219 358 576 116 534 597 140 328 155 284 163 137 p ha a 1031 s 1291 2014 , t 357.5 350.5 n t s 19937 p t t - e ] r ] e r e r e he rd e now w r w e o t e [CD [CD k w Co s y n bl S n t i d e r a ers ant reco i r i i r T: ds ers e r er r r a ar d b c on f r b s er l er ak C t e b i r D n e h or R e pe r s ed ow d r ow y k k rv b d l e r h s l n H m o B r r e p e e n r r r W c ch bl k s m e be bi m bl k O b e B ck r k r r us r o t / h ow ant u oat er e e se a h r rd a r u us r e r a r u bl e u e hat r dpi aw F t unt bi s e d t l e k bl y v c g ar rs ue or os rs r ar ar r a r r e t al e k e our r e S r hr p r v ot e n es aw r k l as ca hr o ow k l e l n aw o r e H n t r not e e hr e our n ow D u i e e t e r W ar ow n k ak er e l c a n er p l r r eg c t ar k al - r ne on l le H b ow nal e hi f bl r l 10 P lo m k S f i dual l e r o l C r r t - pe pe t a r ls - uc er n r oon ls e H o er W d C r VI DUAL re co k e e ac he e d H i r i p rv e i e ro a bl e EF le e r r O b k b ow er n le t d C eci c s b bl t i t - w S H P d l e r ow d W l h e y x haw uc gans ck D t e d Spar x e be e h reco d W d B one di r r r e n ow r v d C l c e d H ow w k ge p l d e d P l e i o b t e ow ar m r t . M st d H e d T . t o Spar F d G t r r - r y L e p a d l n rri re t h a e pe r d d S p bl bl een gans w l H o e e ow i D r o at he e a r r ng se r g i t r t i ac r ar l l t r o ys d o r d t n b l oot e i g h ar a e e l p e i r at r ed i l r u e e ne r d n os a o l y a i l r pe h os ow l adow aw pe ol s D e d T d s ar r k s t obw ew de ow d P es t h G ea oon or t y G r an W t t H e es e ar e e i g hove n as c ed ns v r l e k e d B i e eb u ng W r r ar ar bc i K t e Ju s p u t bc H H oos r e l t ai r e e p b ndi s de e d t e ar e Fa / Bl rt t a a e ous O d b i i d d ro R Ne Hi F N A a ade d el r nne Bi t a B O K e ow N Re G s dpi l i a oat nge nge b l e G oat r cau e e nge s p er r re ds H a d nc i n s O W ni l t e H k k uc anage lli as r s k e - O b P I h Spar e e i d i ur r gr ow a u an I NDI n N i unt t O ri n W n C S n n n n um i l r n n n Wa r a W c eci Ra s S - rs i l uc b r rd ng t e R c ll W a s g s eci e l e m m k oos l g at r n B n G l c c P e i our r n W n C e s hi r r S nge i ' o i n S r Spar ea oa c i i ' r br G i l s he ng W l a a l - ot Y S ES i p a r hr a r a a rd e C C C EE O W a a hr h w w p i o T o nge ' Vu rn r r i n ea d l Spar r r r r s e I w u p - Fi n c an W ng Spar d M i l Pl o i l u - - on G on L b p a d W D T sse nk y E r o t P c on M r i & k n M on Y on G t t n T i a not S i s I s t F rd Spar i a c c d Sandpi H e e c s ana W y r e ca ca c r r - al r - r r t - i r eyed cky W hoppe p Spar i Eg y e B E - n r p - - Vu houl bi b B G ne - br nut - bur ng G e ar i i ne hr t a r H i ni r n er y e y i c g y b y w i i i e i c i c c R n- S eh d G Bl u t de e e b S e AL t t e l a Sw w ed rv . . a e p pa n n- e e nga l e t s S e e Ra b t t e e c - m m t r r p- m Ea t a t Bi e s m g ght i s T w u m m l on' s a t e k k - he he - h k he o i l W k he he k k s S t er k i n r ri on' s r r e y e i i S t m d d e t li re i - - K e t - k- s t go B v v n able s d Spar t - t t a a e a e n t able s o C t t h m S SB SB f s ssy and Sandpi ow ow s cci e e p t i i r ni ul e t t t s s at n k g e annah Spar pe T k ppi a s c c i n f s e G c d l e f D P e c ck- e c d e l a er er r i i t e e l g t l l r l d l se r t h rt ls EC f am e l llo l d t l e d d t l e a l t i r r r as d d- r r l ea e d r d- e a a o oad- nd m l a c ow l l appe ng- i hi as ar u hi e ue ng- ac ac e a ut ood D a i l i s i l d agnol or our hi adw m oode o nhi m pl or oubl r r r oode r e a ous EG ous u ed a o i n i l anada G om om ud or e om oope or l la ud e i la en l u O he e or om hi or om anada W l uf e r m m e m i e es ong- l l i e os e as r v ar l as obol P now e i t u em o e a ur e oui e e ndi ndi n S S S C Bra M W G A A M M B B C H C R R R W N R C Pi e H W A Am L G re G re Snow L C G re Bl a Y G l Bl a T O sp M Ba N Shar C a N R B Re A M C K Vi r Sor A B S Pi p K A Spot S G W U R R S L S p N R D Pe G R G L S W L C M B Y B B Pi n Pr B C Bl a Am W O v N L K M C H Wi Y C F V Sav G N Se Song Spar Sw W W D Sc N R B I D i R E C Bo B O rc Ba B Pu H Re Am E o T C C D O b Pa P D a N I I % % % H C E Sal B Pi n age 1 age 3 00_T P 00_T P 2014 Summer Bird Count 137

This year we present graphs on 23 years of results of two groups of birds, our icterid blackbirds and Introduced/escaped species that are not native to Connecticut.

The below graphs present the number observed per 1000 party hours on a three- year rolling average of those results. Correcting for 1000 party hours rather than simply by party hours gives a result that is more in line with the actual number of birds observed. A simple linear trend-line was added via the Excel “linear trend line tool”, which uses the method of least squares to estimate a trend from a given series of points. This is for illustrative purposes only and should note be considered definitive evidence of a significant trend.

5000 Red-winged Blackbird 4500

4000

3500

3000

2500 Red-winged 2000 Blackbird

Linear (Red- 1500 winged Blackbird) 1000

500

Red-winged Blackbirds are perennially one of the most abundant species found on the SBC. The trend-line seems to indicate a slight reduction in number in later years relative to early years of the count, but there are ups and downs within the overall period.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 138 Zeranski and Comins

80 Eastern Meadowlark

Eastern 30 Meadowlark

Linear (Eastern Meadowlark) 20

Eastern Meadowlarks are listed as a species of special concern by the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection because of long-term population declines. Our SBC data certainly reflects this decline.

600 Bobolink

500

400

300

Bobolink

200 Linear (Bobolink)

100

Bobolinks are listed as a species of special concern in Connecticut because of long- term population declines and concerns about reproductive success at many of their nesting sites. No real trend is indicated by our SBC data, but there is little question that they are less common now than they were throughout much of the 20th Century. Much of the decline happened before SBC was implemented. 2014 Summer Bird Count 139

1400 Brown-headed Cowbird

1200

1000

800

Brown-headed 600 Cowbird

Linear (Brown- 400 headed Cowbird)

200

The data for Brown-headed Cowbird does appear to indicate a general decline in the number of this species recorded on SBC.

90 Orchard Oriole

40 Orchard Oriole

30 Linear (Orchard Oriole) 20

Though there is certainly some year-to-year variability in the number of Orchard Orioles recorded and the numbers have backed off the peak levels of a few years ago, there appears to be an increasing trend indicated by SBC data. This matches the general observation that Orchard Orioles are doing well.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 140 Zeranski and Comins

1200 Baltimore Oriole

1000

800

600 Baltimore Oriole

400 Linear (Baltimore Oriole )

200

The trend-line indicates that there are perhaps fewer Baltimore Orioles being recorded in recent years, but a poor showing over the last three time periods may be influencing this and future years' data will be useful to determine if this is a indeed a trend.

450 Mute Swan

400

350

300

250

200 Mute Swan

150 Linear (Mute Swan) 100

Mute Swans appear to have taken a big hit early in the 21st Century and have perhaps stabilized in the last decade. Overall there appears to be fewer of them recorded on 21st Century counts than were recorded on the 20th Century counts. 2014 Summer Bird Count 141

80 Ring-necked Pheasant 70

30 Ring-necked 20 Pheasant

Linear (Ring- 10 necked Pheasant) 0

-10

-20

There are clearly fewer Ring-necked Pheasants being recorded in recent counts relative to the earlier years.

1800 Rock Pigeon

1600

1400

1200

1000

800 Rock Pigeon

600 Linear (Rock Pigeon) 400

200

There appear to be some dramatic swings in Rock Pigeon numbers in the late 20th Century counts, but overall there appear to be fewer Rock Pigeons being recorded in recent counts.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 142 Zeranski and Comins

180 Monk Parakeet

160

140

120

100

80 Monk Parakeet

60 Linear (Monk Parakeet) 40

There are clearly more Monk Parakeets being recorded than were found in the early years of the SBC, but numbers are also way down from counts in the early 21st Century.

9000 European Starling

8000

7000

6000

5000

4000 European Starling

3000 Linear (European Starling) 2000

1000

Despite year to year fluctuation, there seems to be a reasonably clear downward trend for European Starlings. 2014 Summer Bird Count 143

3500 House Finch

3000

2500

2000

1500 House Finch

Linear (House 1000 Finch)

500

There appears to have been a steep decline in House Finch numbers in the 1990’s and a slight but steady decline appears to continue. This is not surprising with the incidence of House Finch conjunctivitis.

4000 House Sparrow

3500

3000

2500

2000

House Sparrow 1500

Linear (House Sparrow) 1000

500

Though we had a record low number of House Sparrows recorded in 2014, this is smoothed out by 3-year averages and correcting for party hours. Overall there appears to be more year to year variability than any real trend.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 144 Zeranski and Comins 2014 CONNECTICUT SUMMER BIRD COUNT STATEWIDE COUNT TOTALS Count Dates: June 1, 7, 8, 14, 15, 21, 22, 28 & 29 Totals: 184 count days [CD] species were recorded and totaled 101,552 individual birds. Two hundred and fifty-one observers in 149 parties spent 1409.3 Party Hours [PH] in the field. Since 1976, 262 SBC species have been counted, while another 3 species remain only count period (cp) birds. During the prior decade 234 species were recorded on count days. LOCAL COUNT TOTALS Barkhamsted Summer Bird Count (founded 1992) Count Dates: June 28 & 29 (Sat. & Sun.) Totals: 121 species, 23,828 individual birds. Twenty- eight observers in nineteen parties spent 262 PHs in the field. Since 1992 157 CD species have been recorded. Participants: Bob Barbieri, Penny Bauer, Ray Belding, Ayreslea Denny, Angela Dimmitt, Peter Faber, Nikki Hall, Seth Harvey, Vicki Hester, Bill Hiller, Marianne Horn, John Johnson, Jim Kandefer, Marie Kennedy (assistant compiler, 226 Maple St., Litchfield, Ct., 06759; 860 567-5487, marieken- nedy [email protected]), Bianca LeGeyt, Leona LeJune, Vima LeJune, Russ Naylor, Carol Parent, Andrea Pelletier, Mike Placo, William Roberts, David Rosgen (121 Laurel Way, Winsted, CT 06098-2534; [email protected]), Sam Slater, Jay Winslow, Debbie Woodward, Carol Youell, and Fran Zygmont. Weather: 6/28 - daytime: W winds, 0-5 mph., 57° to 79°F.; evening: W winds, 0-5 mph., 79° to 59°F., 6/29 - daytime: 0 mph., 59° to 81°F.; evening: 0 mph., 81° to 66°F.; Count (a rectangle, 12 mile east-west by a 17 mile north- south) Center: 41°5´N 72°59´W. Elevation: 285 to 1457 feet. Area covered: Barkhamsted, Burlington (northern edge), 2014 Summer Bird Count 145 Canton, Colebrook, Hartland, New Hartford, Torrington (northeast 1/4), and Winchester. Greenwich-Stamford Summer Bird Count (founded 1976) Count Dates: June 7 & 8 (Sat. & Sun.) Totals: 135 count species, plus 1 count period species, and 19,937 individual birds. Forty-nine observers in 35 Parties observed for 350.5 party hours [PHs]. Since 1976, 235 CD species have been recorded, including this year’s addition of Royal Tern. Participants: Tom Andersen, Mike Aurelia, Andrew Baksh, Marty Barris, Trudy Battaly, Joe Belanger, Gail Ben- son, Kelli Bochnik, Michael Bochnik, Thomas W. Burke (235 Highland Road, Rye, NY 10580; 914 967-4922, tom.burke@ mcgladrey.com), Ioa Byrne, David Callan, Al Collins, Annette Cunniffe, Rachel Diersen, Patrick Dugan, Cynthia Ehlinger, Andrew Farnsworth, Kathy Gellman, Ted Gilman, Olivia Giuntini, David Havens, Jalna Jaeger, Dave Johnson, Wendy Knothe, JoAnn LaBare, Ryan MacLean, Stefan Martin, Ellen McClean, Maryann O’Leary, Gary Palmer (34 Field Road. Cob Cob, Ct., 06830; 203 661-4897, [email protected]), Drew Panko, Matt Popp, Steve Ricker, Polly Rothstein, David Salmon, Meredith Sampson, Jonna Schaffer, Alan Scuterud, Elaine Scuterud, Bob Shriber, Andy Towle, Matt Tozer, Mar- vin Turner, Bill Van Loan, Jr., Jim Voros, Bill Wallace, Mike Warner, and Alec Wiggin. Weather: 6/7- NW winds, 7-18 mph, 51° to 81°F., Pleasant, breezy; 6/8- SS/W winds, 4–12 mph, 59° to 82°F., Pleasant. Count (a square, 15x15 mile east-west) Center: 41°05´N 73°37´W. Elevation: sea level to at least 740 feet. Area covered: in Connecticut (65% of area, Darien, Green- wich, New Canaan, and Stamford, and in New York (35% of area), Armonk, Bedford (in part), Port Chester, Rye, and White Plains (in part). Hartford Summer Bird Count (founded 1991) Count Dates: June 7 & 8 (Sat. & Sun.)

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 146 Zeranski and Comins Totals: One hundred and five CD species, two CP species, 8,015 individual birds. Thirty-five observers in 23 Parties covered 101 PHs. One 173 CD species have been documented since 1992. Participants: Bill Asteriades, Nick Barnett, Betsy Ba- umbach, Jane Bradovchak, Katie Cianfaglione, Paul Cianfa- glione, Patrick Comins, Pamm Cooper, Andrew Dasinger, Paul Desjardins, Peter Eagan, Patrice Favreau, Mark Flaherty, Beth Fordiani, Roberta Gowing, Kathy Hall, Dee Hanson, Eric Hanson, Ernie Harris, Jay Kaplan (71 Gracey Road, Can- ton, CT. 06019; 293 693-0157, [email protected]), John Kar- pinsky, Gil Kleiner, Steve Kotchko, Alan Lurie, Dave Lyons, Annette Pasek, Ann Pettengill, Roger Preston, Peg Schader, Susanne Shrader, Brian Toal, Jon Ward, Judy Whittlesey, Mike Whittlesey, and Roy Zartarian. Weather: 6/7- clearing up after previous day’s 1.58” rainfall, 52° to 78°F., 6/8- a gorgeous day 56° to 81°F., Count (15-Mile diameter circle) Center: 41°46Ń 72°40´W. (Old State House), Elevation: 40 to 640 feet. Area covered: Avon (in part), Bloomfield, East Hartford, Farming- ton (in part), Hartford, Manchester (in part), Glastonbury (in part), Newington (in part), Rocky Hill (in part), South Wind- sor, West Hartford, Wethersfield, and Windsor. Litchfield Hills Summer Bird Count (founded 1994) Count Dates: June 7 & 8 (Sat. & Sun.) Totals: 137 species, 16,077 individual birds. Forty-one observers in 15 Parties accumulated 181 PHs. Since 1994, with the addition of Solitary Sanspiper this year, 177 CD species have been recorded. Participants: Janet Baker, John Baker, Bob Barbieri, Ray Belding, Arsylea Denny, Angela Dimmitt, Eileen Finnan, Nicki Hall, Greg Hanisek, Marianne Horn, Alex Kennedy, Marie Kennedy, Jerry Marcellino, Debbie Martin, Scott Mills, Russ Naylor, Ann Orsillo, Sam Slater, Donna Rose Smith, Olaf Soltau, David Tripp Jr. (63 Dyer Ave., Canton, Ct. 06019; [email protected]), John Wagenblatt, Dave Wake- field, Ryan Wirtes, and Fran Zygmont. plus 15 class members 2014 Summer Bird Count 147 Weather: 6/7 – 51° to 78°F., evening: N/NW winds, 0-10 mph.. 6/8 - 53° to 82°F., S winds, 0-5 mph. Count (15-Mile diameter circle) Center: 41°43Ń 73°14´W. Elevation: 450 to 1658 feet. Area covered (in whole or in part): Cornwall, Goshen, Kent, Litchfield, Morris, Sharon, Torrington, Warren, and Washington. New Haven Summer Bird Count (founded 1991) Count Dates: June 7 & 8 (Sat. & Sun.) Totals: 129 species, 8,579 individual birds. Forty observers in 18 Parties spent 139 PHs in the field. Since 1991, 187 CD species have been confirmed with the addition this year of Olive-sided Flycatcher. Participants: Marion Aimsbury, Ralph Amodel, Mark Aronson, Dan Barvir, Bill Batsford, Larry Bausher, Steve Broker, Gail Cameron, Cheryl Cape, Elena Coffey, Patrick Comins, John Farley, Mike Ferreri, Mike Horn, Laura Law- rence, Patrick Leahy, Mary Ann Lewis, Christ Loscalzo, Steve Mayo (27 Tuttle Court, Bethany, CT 06524; 203 393-0694, rsd- [email protected]), Florence McBride, Pat McCrelless, Ann Meacham, Bob Mitchell, Mike O’Brien, John Oshlick, Frank Ragusa, Nancy Ragusa, Jason Rieger, Arne Rosengren, Dan Rotino, Lee Schlesinger, Mark Scott, Arthur Shippee, Nancy Specht, Charla Spector, Steve Spector, Deborah Tenney, Mari- anne Vahey, Lisa Wahle, and Paul Wolter. Weather: 6/7– daytime: N/W winds shifting S/W, 0-10 mph, 60° to 76°F., clear, nighttime: S winds, 5 mph, partly cloudy. 6/8– N winds shifting S, 0-8 mph., 61° to 82°F., partly cloudy, nighttime: S/SW winds, 3 mph, 75° to 72°F., mostly cloudy. Count (15-Mile diameter circle) Center: 41°18Ń 72°56´W. Elevation: Sea level to 700 feet. Area covered: Branford (western), East Haven, Milford, New Haven, North Haven, Orange, West Haven, and Woodbridge (in part). New Milford/Pawling Summer Bird Count (founded 2003) Count Dates: June 21 & 22 (Sat. & Sun.) Totals: 120 species, 7998 individual birds. Twenty-

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 148 Zeranski and Comins two observers in thirteen parties spent 129 PHs in the field. Since 2003, 155 CD species have been recorded, including this year’s addition of an unidentified shrike. Participants: Pat Bailey, Ray Belding, Jacob Berendsohn, Don Breeger, Barbara Butler, Binnie Chase, Angela Dimmitt (PO Box 146, Sherman, Ct. 06784; 860 355-3429, angeladim- [email protected]), Dot Fleury, Sibyll Gilbert, Josh Hamilton, Linton Hamilton, Carol Hartel, Marge Josephson, Anne Kehmna, Marie Kennedy, Dennis Larkin, Sariena Masiero, Russ Naylor, Nancy Nichols, Sally Spence, Nick Thold, and Bill Wallace. Weather: 6/21 – daytime: 56° to 77°F. Wind: 5 mph., “Perfect”; evening: 55° to 46°F., clear, calm; 6/22- daytime: 55° to 81°F. Wind: 4 mph., “Perfect”, evening: 53° to 56°F., Clear. Count (15-Mile diameter circle) Center: 41°32Ń 73°34´W (Intersection of routes 68 & 157 in Pawling NY). Elevation: 300 to 600 feet. Area covered: in Connecticut (1/3 of area): Sherman, New Fairfield, and New Milford (west of route 7); and in New York (2/3 of area): Patterson, Pawling, Putnam Lake, Carmel, southern Wingdale, and Poughquag. Storrs Summer Bird Count (founded 1990) Count Dates: June 14 & 15 (Sat. & Sun.) Totals: 104 species, 6146 individual birds. Thirteen observers in eight parties accumulated 112.8 PHs in the field. Since 1990 138 CD species have been counted. Participants: Mike Curtis, Jorge de Leon, Susan Harrington, Tom Harrington, Susan Hochgraf, Paul Man- zone, Joy Mark, Steve Morytko (288 Varga Road, Ashford, CT 06278-1828; 860 680-5728, [email protected]), Jason Rieger, Maura Robie, Steve Rogers, Philip Rusch, and Mark Szantyr. Weather: 6/14- W winds, 3-15 mph., 53° to 73°F., some fog and drizzle early AM, clear later, 6/15- NW winds, 0-20 mph., 50° to 78°F., sunny and windy most of the day. 2014 Summer Bird Count 149 Count (15-Mile diameter circle) Center: 41°48Ń 72°15´W. (Juncture of Route 195 and North Eagleville Road) Elevation: 200 to 750 feet. Area covered: Ashford, Chaplin, Coventry, Mansfield, Tolland, Willington, Windham and small portion of Andover. Woodbury-Roxbury Summer Bird Count (founded 1978) Count Date: June 1 (Sun.) Totals: 123 species, 10,927 individual birds, and one count period [cp] species. Twenty-three observers in 15 Par- ties counted during 120 PHs in the field. Since 1978, 182 CD species have been recorded. Participants: Dave Baade, Renee Baade, Dave Babing- ton, Ray Belding, Polly Brody, Robert Cartoceti, Buzz Devine, Angela Dimmitt, Ken Elkins, Larry Fischer, Dennis Hannon, Tom Hook, Anne Kehmna, Marie Kennedy, Bill Liedlich, Nancy Liedlich, Russ Naylor (44 Church Street, Woodbury, CT 06798, 203 263-2502), Donna Rose Smith, Jesus Tirado, Carol Titus, Leigh Wells, Tom Zissu, and Fran Zygmont. Weather: 6/1 daytime: W/SW Winds, 10-15 mph., 50° to 80°F. Count (15-Mile diameter circle) Center: 41°32Ń 73°16´W. Elevation: 110 to 1060 feet. Area covered: Bethle- hem, Bridgewater, Brookfield, Middlebury, New Milford, Newtown, Roxbury, Southbury, Washington, and Wood- bury.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 CONNECTICUT FIELD NOTES

Spring, March 1 through May 31, 2014

Spring began on a wintry note, not only because March was cold, but because the winter season’s major Snowy Owl flight continued through the month and lapped over into April. Overall April was relatively uneventful, with unfavorable weather at the end slowing what is normally a time of widespread new arrivals. That all changed as the weather broke along with the start of May. A major statewide incursion of passerines brought first arrivals to many locations on May 2 (see details below), and the month overall produced exciting finds and good numbers of migrants throughout, from a phalarope on May 1 to a cooperative chat to close out the season.

Following is a list of typical first arrival dates for regularly occurring species: Great Egret – March 13 in TG); Solitary Sandpiper – Madison (PCo); Snowy April 21 in Litchfield (MW); Egret – March 22 in East Upland Sandpiper – April Lyme (RS); Little Blue Heron 24 in East Hartford (BA); – April 7 in Madison (WB); Least Sandpiper – April 7 Green Heron – April 13 in Westport (TG); Pectoral in Hartford (JCo); Yellow- Sandpiper – April 1 in Strat- crowned Night-Heron – ford (PDe); Willet – April 14 March 28 in Stratford (TG); in Westport (PDe, TG); Least Glossy Ibis – April 5 in Tern – May 2 in Milford Madison (Drt, JOs); Clapper (FMa) and Strtaford (SZy); Rail – April 21 in Milford Common Tern – May 3 in (SSp); Virginia Rail – April Milford (SSp); Yellow-billed 18 in Litchfield (JMa, DRt); Cuckoo – May 3 in New Semipalmated Plover – May Haven (DRt); Black-billed 1 in Stratford (SMr); Piping Cuckoo – May 1 in Salem Plover – March 21 in Old (DB); Common Nighthawk Lyme (HG) and Milford – May 10 in New Hartford (SSp); Spotted Sandpiper (JKa); Whip-poor-will – April – April 11 in Milford (WB, 14 in Lyme (HG); Chimney

150 Field Notes 151

Bruce Finnan photo This Red-necked Grebe on the Connecticut R. in Enfield on March 19 was one part of a major spring flight. Swift – April 23 in Pawca- Cliff Swallow – April 17 in tuck (RD); Ruby-throated Oxford (RHa); Purple Martin Hummingbird – April 19 in – April 7 in Milford (MB) and Milford (Ssp) and Uncasville Stonington (NDo); Blue-gray (SBe); E. Wood-Pewee – May Gnatcatcher – April 11 in 4 in Stamford (MMo); East- Milford (TG); Wood Thrush ern Phoebe – March 22 in – May 1 in Glastonbury (DJ); Hamden (FMc) and Bethany Louisiana Waterthrush – (SMa); Willow Flycatcher – April 9 in Naugatuck (GH) May 9 in Morris (RW); East- and Glastonbury (RS); North- ern Kingbird – April 20 in ern Waterthrush – April 13 in Southbury (RN); White-eyed Litchfield (RW); Black-and- Vireo – April 18 in New Brit- White Warbler – April 17 in ain (DCr); Blue-headed Vireo Litchfield (TG); N. Parula - – April 12 in Colebrook (SSt) April 25 in New Haven (JOs); and Barkhamsted (DRo); Bay-breasted Warbler – May Warbling Vireo – April 28 in 8 in Stamford (BI) and Green- Greenwich (SMr). wich (AWe); Blackburnian Warbler – May 3 in Litchfield Also Barn Swallow – March (MD); Yellow Warbler – 24 in Greenwich (SMr): N. April 25 in Greenwich (CEh); Rough-winged Swallow – Blackpoll Warbler – May 8 in March 30 in Norwalk (BM); Salem (DB) and Greenwich

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 152 Hanisek (AWe); Palm Warbler – April Southbury (BBa) and New 5 in Manchester (MPr); Pine Haven (JOs); American Warbler – March 23 in Stam- Redstart – (eight locations); ford (MMo); Black-throated Magnolia Warbler – Madi- Green Warbler – April 18 son (JCa); Chestnut-sided in Canton (JMe); Canada Warbler – Torrington (RB); Warbler – May 3 in Hamden Black-throated Blue Warbler (RC); Wilson’s Warbler – – (seven locations); Scarlet May 7 in Windsor (PDe) and Tanager (six location); Lin- Rocky Hill (PCo); Vesper coln’s Sparrow – New Haven Sparrow – April 6 in West- (JMu); Orchard Oriole (four port (TG); Grasshopper Spar- locations). row – May 9 in East Hartford (PCi); Saltmarsh Sparrow – May 13 was a key arrival day May 10 in Guilford (Pco) and for typically late migrants, Madison (FMa); Bobolink – with a Yellow-bellied Fly- May 3 (three locations); Rose- catcher banded at Birdcraft breasted Grosbeak – April 16 Sanctuary in Fairfield (KV), a in Harwinton (RB). Mourning Warbler in Ham- den (ABr) and an inland race May 2, a big flight day, Nelson’s Sparrow at Sperry produced so many first Pond in Middlebury (KE). records throughout the state that species are listed sepa- A group of four Greater rately here: Least Flycatcher White-fronted Geese and – (three locations); Great a Snow Goose were on the Crested Flycatcher (7 loca- Connecticut R. at Glaston- tions); Yellow-throated Vireo bury on March 14 (BA), and (four locations); Red-eyed a Greater White-fronted was Vireo – (three locations); in the Mackenzie Reservoir Veery (seven locations); area of Wallingford in mid- Swainson’s Thrush – Milford March, where it was often (FG); Ovenbird (18 loca- accompanied by a Cackling tions); Blue-winged Warbler Goose (GH et al.). Single – (10 locations); Nashville Cackling Geese were also Warbler – (three locations); present in March on the Worm-eating Warbler – Farmington R. in Farmington (four locations); Common (PCi et al.), at North Farms Yellowthroat – (eight loca- Reservor in Wallingford tions); Hooded Warbler – (RS et al.) and at Sherwood Field Notes 153 Island State Park in West- 2 (SMr). The now-regular port (PW et al.). A Tundra presence of Common Eiders Swan was a good find March in the eastern end of Long 15-20 at Salmon River Cove Island Sound included 147 in East Haddam (HG et al.). on May 7 at Harkness Memo- Two were at the Farmington rial State Park in Waterford Meadows Mar 21 (SJo) and (FMa). Three King Eiders, again on Mar 31 (PCi). Two two immatures and a first- were in South Windsor on year male, March 2 at Sunken March 30 (BA, RMa), and one I. in Fairfield were unusual at North Farms Reservoir in for a species that typically Wallingford April 4-6 may occurs singly (JP). An imma- have been the same one pres- ture male was at Harkness ent there in late winter (RS on May 19 (NB). An adult et al.). A Trumpeter Swan male was a stunning flyby of unknown origin again May 13 at Shippan Point, settled in at Konold’s Pond along with 48 White-winged in Woodbridge, where it was Scoters (PDu) on a day of last seen April 9 after a stay heavy White winged Sco- of about 80 days (SBr et al.). ter movement all along the coast (NB). This movement The Shell Beach area of actually spanned several Guilford was a hot spot for days, with a massive flyby of dabbling ducks, with 24 N. 720 off Stratford on May 15 Pintails on March 23 (PW) (FMa). Five White-winged and 325 Green-winged Teal Scoters were on Bantam L. on March 15 (TT). The same in Litchfield on May 1 along Green-winged Teal total was with 18 Buffleheads during a noted April 27 at Glaston- fallout of grebes (GH). A Surf bury Meadows (BA, ADa). Scoter was a good inland Whalebone Creek in Lyme find at Wethersfield Cove on held 28 N. Pintail on March the Connecticut R. on April 26 (DRt). Among a num- 29 (PCi). The concentra- ber of large Greater Scaup tion of Long-tailed Ducks concentrations was 11,400 off off Long Beach, Stratford, Shippan Point, Stamford, on reached 3500 on April 1 April 1 (PDu). After a good (FMa). One was inland April winter for Redheads, spring 14 at West Hartford Reser- produced a high count of 7 at voir 6 (PCi). A male Barrow’s Grass I., Greenwich on Mar

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 154 Hanisek

Paul Fusco photo This Red-headed Woodpecker drew many birders to Cedar Hill Cemetery in the Hartford area during its extended stay

Carol Arrowsmith photo This Summer Tanager in Broad Brook was one of four reported in spring 2014. Field Notes 155

Russ Smiley photo This is one of several Cape May Warblers that delighted birders in mid-May at East Rock Park in New Haven.

Russ Smiley photo A male Yellow-headed Blackbird, like this one at Cove Island Wildlife Sanctuary in Stamford, always provides excitement.

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 156 Hanisek

John Oshlick photo This pale-lored White-crowned Sparrow was a nice find March 3 at Hammonasset Beach State Park in Madison. Goldeneye was at Penfield reported April 23 from the Reef, Fairfield, on March 7 west side of the Thames (JP), and a pair was found on River in New London, an the Connecticut R. at Had- area that produced a winter dam Meadows State Park in record (MMc fide SMi). A Haddam on March 14 (HS). Horned Grebe found May A Red-breasted Merganser 12 at Sandy Point in West on April 3 at Great Pond in Haven remained through Simsbury was at an unusual summer and well into fall location (PDe). About 100 (SL, m.ob.) An Eared Grebe Ruddy Ducks were at Say- present during the winter brook Point on March 17 season at Greenwich Point (MK). remained to at least March 12 (SMr et al.). A major Three Ruffed Grouse were flight of Red-necked Grebes on Mount Riga in Salisbury was spread across the whole on April 24 (PCo). A basic- season at both coastal and plumaged Pacific Loon was inland sites, with a major Field Notes 157 grounding of 46 on May 1 at in spring, a White-faced Ibis Bantam L., Litchfield along found May 18 at HBSP was with 13 Horned Grebes (GH). present through the end of A Manx Shearwater flying the season (PR, GW). east past Shippan Point on April 29 was a seasonal high- A Black Vulture nest with light (PDu). two eggs, found by a rock climber, was confirmed April Least Bitterns were unex- 27 in Redding (JMu et al.). pected May 15 at Sherwood Another, also with two eggs, Island (TG) and May 27 in was found in a barn in New Stratford (MW). At Wangunk Milford on April 25 and the Meadows in Portland, 140 young hatched May 24 (JKr). Great Blue Heron nests were A seasonal highlight was 90% occupied on March 22 reports of flyover Swallow- (HG). In what turned out to tailed Kites in Guilford on be a good spring and sum- April 16 (JZ, RZ) and pos- mer for Tricolored Herons, sibly the same bird the next the first one was at Milford day from an office window Point on April 13 (JMa). in New Haven (SJn); April 23 Other reports came from in Bridgeport (FG); and May East Haven on April 17 16 at Cove Island in Stam- (RHu) and Harkness Me- ford (MMo). A Mississippi morial State Park on May 6 Kite on May 15 at Great (DRt). An adult Tricolored Pond in Simsbury was at a X Little Blue Heron hybrid, location where breeding has apparently the last of a fam- been confirmed in the past ily group under observa- (NB). There were multiple tion for several years, was sightings in Glastonbury first seen April 14 at HBSP from May 3 through the (FMa). A Yellow-crowned last week in May but none Night-Heron was an unusual thereafter (BA, DJ). Ospreys inland find May 17 in South- were at nest sites March 11 bury after a wet, easterly in Old Lyme and Old Say- blow (PCo). A Glossy Ibis brook (HG, ALa). A build-up was inland in Wallingford on of Bald Eagles on the lower April 17 (MMr). Especially Connecticut River included noteworthy were seven in a 17 immatures on March 2 at meadow in Oxford on April the Great Island boat launch 19-20 (fide AG). Now annual in Old Lyme (PCi). A flight

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 158 Hanisek

Russ Smiley photo This Black-headed Gull showed off its distinctive wing pattern March 15 at Hammonasset Beach State Park in Madison. of 236 Broad-winged Hawks fore that (AHi). Two flyovers passed over Suffield on were noted in Hamden on April 25 (JW), with 136 at the May 7 (JOs). A good inland Johnnycake Mountain hawk shorebird concentration at watch in Burlington the same Wethersfield Meadows on day (KMe). A very late light May 6 included 27 Greater morph Rough-legged Hawk Yellowlegs, 16 Lesser Yellow- was seen in Ridgefield on legs and 43 Solitary Sandpip- May 7 (LH). An immature ers (PCi). A Lesser Yellow- Golden Eagle April 27 was a legs was a bit early March seasonal highlight at Johnny- 11 at HBSP (LB). A flock of cake (KMe). 14 Semipalmated Sandpip- ers were also a bit ahead of The elusive and seldom- schedule April 26 at Milford verified King Rail was at Elys Point (TG), as were two Ferry in Lyme on May 18-21 White-rumped Sandpipers (PR, GW). Two Sandhill May 3 at Milford Point (FG). Cranes were on the ground Twenty Wilson’s Snipe were in Winchester Center on in a wet field in Wallingford April 17 and had been seen on March 31 (PCo), and on in flight for several days be- April 12 Glastonbury Mead- Field Notes 159 ows held 61 (BA). An Ameri- find was a gull found March can Woodcock nest with 25 at Wethersfield Cove three eggs on April 16 in that on close examination New Milford offered insight appeared to be a hybrid on the intimate life of one of Black-headed X Ring-billed our more secretive breeders Gull (PCi). A Nelson’s Gull (ADi). A Red-necked Phala- (Herring Gull X Glaucous rope was a great find May Gull hybrid) was reported 1 at Bantam L. in Litchfield from Holly Pond in Stamford (MD). After rainy, easterly on March 31 (SMr). A Cas- weather another was at Shell pian Tern was a good early Beach in Guilford May 17-18 find April 27 at HBSP (GH et (PW m.ob.). al.); others were in Stratford on May 8 (RS) and in Green- The first Black-headed Gull wich on May 16 (SMr). A turned up on March 15 at Black Tern graced the Con- HBSP (RS) with two there necticut R. in Glastonbury on March 17 (PCo et al.). Oth- May 11 (BA), and two were ers were at Shell Beach in at Compo Beach, Westport, Guilford on March 23 (PW the next day (TG). An Arctic e al.) and Southport on Tern, very rare in the state, April 1 (AHa). Little Gulls was reported from Batterson joined the staging flocks of Pond in Farmington dur- Bonaparte’s Gulls in Long ing a rainy, foggy May 16 Island Sound in good num- morning with easterly wind, bers. High counts included favorable conditions for this four (three basic-plumaged offshore migrant (PCi). Black adults and an immature) on Skimmers first appeared on April 5 at Short Beach, Strat- drizzly May 9 at Sandy Point, ford, with a different adult West Haven, (FMc et al.) reported at the Stratford sea and Compo Beach, Westport wall (FMa et al.). Four, two (TG). adults and two immatures, were at Southport Beach on Winter’s major movement of April 10 with 1400 Bonapar- Snowy Owls continued with te’s (KMu et al.). An adult birds widespread in March, Laughing Gull, unusual in including inland sightings spring, was in Stratford on March 13 at Bradley Inter- May 1 (FMa). Perhaps the national Airport in Windsor season’s most unexpected Locks (JFl) and April 19 in

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 160 Hanisek Bethlehem (DN). The latest elusive presence with few was April 24 at Milford Point reported after the first one (FG). A Short-eared Owl was on May 10 in Orange (CL). a seasonal surprise May 2 A Bicknell’s Thrush, a spe- at Long Beach in Stratford cies essentially impossible to (SZy). A Whip-poor-will identify visually in the field, May 17 in Easton was a rare was banded May 27 at Bird- find for Fairfield County craft Sanctuary in Fairfield (TM). A male Red-headed (KV). Woodpecker found April 17 at Cedar Hill Cemetery in The only Golden-winged Hartford remained to at least Warbler reports came from May 10 (NDl et al.). Others Granby on May 11 (JW), Bent were in Rosa Hartman Park of the River Audubon on in Stamford on May 4-10 May 14 (SH) and Meriden on (CEh et al.) and at a Canaan May 15 (PCo). Lawrence’s feeder on May 11 (TS, IS). Warblers were found May 6 in Milford (TM); May 11 Olive-sided Flycatchers in Naugatuck State Forest, were not detected until one where the bird remained for was seen May 25 in Stafford several weeks (CL et al.); and (PDe). Acadian Flycatcher, a May 26 in Andover (JMe). A species that appears on the Brewster’s Warbler was in upswing, was widely report- Kent on May 19 (KF). Four ed after the first one on May Cerulean Warblers were on 10 in Lyme (RMi). Alder Fly- territory in Chaplin on May catcher maintained its status 5 (PR). The only Kentucky as the latest returning regular Warbler was reported from breeder with a first appear- Fairfield on May 17 (ABu, ance May 12 in Watertown JP). A Yellow-throated (NB, GH). A Northern Shrike Warbler found on April 17 at was in Eastford on Mar 9 Mondo Ponds in Milford re- (RR) and in Morris on Mar 31 mained to at least May 5 (FG, (RB). A Bank Swallow was SSp, m.ob.). Another was in early April 4 at Lake Zoar Chaplin on May 31 (JCh). in Southbury (PCo). Two A Yellow-breasted Chat Marsh Wrens on April 2 at found May 29 at Housatonic Sherwood I. were early if not Wildlife Management Area wintering birds (TG). Gray- in Kent was cooperative for cheeked Thrush remains an several days (RB et al.) Field Notes 161 A Clay-colored Sparrow was when 20 birds were pres- singing May 19 at Sherwood ent (FMa). Away from that Island (TG). A pale-lored area, a male and a female immature White-crowned were at Greenwich Point on Sparrow, indicative of a April 21 (CEh), a male was in bird of western origin, was Westport on April 23 (TG), at HBSP on March 3 (JOs). one was in Norwalk May 24 March 13 marked a major (TG), and three at HBSP on movement of Fox Sparrows, April 27 signaled breeding with 23 at Sherwood Island there for the second straight (TG) and a total of 24 report- year (MK et al.). A Yellow- ed from 11 other locations headed Blackbird was a around the state (m.ob.). An great find March 12 in Ches- adult male Summer Tanager ter (A&SW), and a second made a May 4 walk to the appeared April 24-27 at Cove mailbox in Chaplin memora- Island Wildlife Sanctuary in ble (PR). Others were seen by Stamford (MO). Two Eve- many on May 13-14 in East ning Grosbeaks were in Gos- Rock Park, New Haven (JMu hen on April 17 (DRo), and et al.); photographed May one was a pleasant surprise 5-7 in Broad Brook (CA); and May 13 at Grace Salmon Park found May 17 in Goodwin in Westport (TG). State Forest in East Hampton (ALe). An Indigo Bunting Observers – Carol Arrow- was early April 16 in Bran- smith, Bill Asteriades, Bill ford (MR). A Blue Grosbeak Banks (BBa), William Bats- was photographed at Tod’s ford, Larry Bauscher, Ray Point in Greenwich on May Belding, Bob Beaumont 11 (SMr, CEh); others were at (BBe), Scott Besade (SBe), Da- Station 43 in South Windsor vid Bingham, Nick Bonomo, on May 13 (PDe) and at Bent Chris Bosak, Andy Brand of the River on May 15 (SH). (ABr), Steve Broker (SBr), Mi- lan Bull, Alex Burdo (ABu), An Eastern Meadowlark Dana Campbell (DCa), Jim singing at Sherwood Island Carr (JCa); Remi Castonguay, on March 11 was presumably Jackson Childs (JCh), Paul a new spring arrival (TG). Cianfaglione (PCi), Kathy Boat-tailed Grackles were Clark, Jonah Cohen (JCo), first noted at their Stratford Patrick Comins (PCo), Don breeding colony March 10, Crockett (DCr), Andrew

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 162 Hanisek Dasinger (ADa), Paul Desjar- Marty Moore (MMr), Tom dins (PDe), Angela Dimmitt Murray, Jake Musser (JMu), (ADi), Robert Dixon, Neil Keith Mueller (KMu), Bren- Doherty (NDo), Nina Dolan dan Murtha, Russ Naylor, (NDl), Mike Doyle, Pat- Gina Nichol, Darryl Nichol- rick Dugan (PDu), Cynthia son, John Ogren (JOg), Mary- Ehlinger (CEh), Ken Elkins, ann O’Leary, Doreen Orciari, Chris Elphick (CEl), Jason John Oshlick (JOs), Annie Flanders (JFl), Jo Fasciolo Perko, Mike Perko (MPe), (Jfa), Kevin Finnan, Larry Maggie Perretto (MPr), James Havey, Frank Gallo, Art Purcell, Martha Rice, Dave Gingert, Hank Golet, Tina Rosgen (DRo), Ron Rosza, Green, A.J. Hand AHa), Greg Dan Rottino (DRt), Phil Hanisek, Roy Harvey (RHa), Rusch, Meredith Sampson Seth Harvey, Andrea Hitt (MSa), Ingrid Schaefer, Tom (AHi), Julian Hough, Robert Schaefer, Mark Scott (MSc), Hutton (RHu), Brenda Ins- Arthur Shippee, Russ Smiley, keep, Denise Jernigan, S.H. Charla Spector, Steve Spec- Johnston (SJo), Stuart John- tor (SSp), Stephanie Stewart son (SJn), Jay Kaplan (KA), (SSt); Howie Sternberg, Jack Mickey Komara, Justin Krul Swatt, Mark Szantyr (MSz), (JKr), Alex LaForce (ALa), Timothy Thompson, Kathy Ann Lewis (ALe), Shawn Van der Aue, Ann Walonoski Loewen, Chris Loscalzo, Rick (AWa), Stan Walonoski, Macsuga (RMa), Frank Man- Mike Warner, John Weeks, tlik (FMa), John Marshall Allan Welby (AWe), Glenn (JMa), Stefan Martin (SMr), Williams, Ryan Wirtes, Paul Steve Mayo (SMa), Florence Wolter., Sara Zagorski (SZa), McBride (FMc), Michael Mc- Roy Zartarian, Anthony Brien (MMc), Ken Merrifield Zemba, Carol Zipp, Jim Zipp, (KMe), Jamie Meyers (JMe), Ryan Zipp, Sophie Zyla Rob Mirer (RMi), Shai Mitra (SZy) (SMi), Mike Moccio (MMo), PHOTO CHALLENGE

By Mark Szantyr First, it is not a Brown-headed Cowbird. Also not a Herring Gull. Eliminating these two species should just about clinch the ID.

So we have a perching bird, fairly plainly colored, with its head and tail obfuscated. What we can see of the color suggests it has a very pale to nearly plain white underparts, a warmer buffy breast, and the head and other visible feather- ing is a warm brown.

OK, not much to go on.

What can we see. Well, we see wings that appear to be long, and primaries that also appear long. We also see feet. Small , shortish-toed feet. Not strong grasping feet or long-toed dig- ging feet. We see feet that likely belong to a bird that spends a lot of time using its long-primaried wings.

Small feet are typical of the swallows, martins, humming-

The Connecticut Warbler, Vol. 34 No 4, October 2014 163 164 Szantyr birds, swifts, nightjars….again, birds that fly a lot. Having said that, did any bells go off? Any lights go on? Have you seen anything looking like this along your local stream bank? Perhaps diving into a drain hole along a rocky shoreline or under a bridge overpass?

This bird is indeed a Northern Rough -winged Swallow. This relatively common nesting species can appear this warm chocolate brown or a very drab gray brown depending on the light, but in either case, the pattern of brown upper parts with pale under parts, a buffy washed breast and no inkling of a breast band or central breast stripe is spot on for this elegant swallow.

This Northern Rough-winged Swallow was photographed by me in Mansfield, Tolland Co., in June 2014.

Photo Challenge No. 87 THE CONNECTICUT WARBLER Editor Greg Hanisek - 175 Circuit Ave., Waterbury, CT 06708 (203) 754-4401 email: [email protected] Departments Editorial Advisory Board Feature Articles Site Guides Louis Bevier Robert A. Askins Arnold Devine William Davis George A. Clark, Jr. Dwight Smith John Kricher Field Notes Photo Challenge Wayne Petersen Greg Hanisek Julian Hough Frank Mantlik Layout/Production Bird Counts Manny Merisotis Steve Broker Steve Mayo Joseph Zeranski

The Connecticut Warbler (ISSN 1077-0283) is devoted to the study of birds and their conservation in Connecticut and is published quarterly (January, April, July, and October) by the Connecticut Ornithological Association. Send manuscripts to the Editor. Please type double spaced with ample margins, on one side of a sheet. Submit a copy on a computer disk, if possible. Style should follow usage in recent issues. All manuscripts receive peer review. Illustrations and photographs are needed and welcome. Line art of Con- necticut and regional birds should be submitted as good quality prints or in original form. All submitted materials will be returned. We can use good quality photographs of birds unaccompanied by an article but with caption including species, date, locality, and other pertinent information. CONNECTICUT ORNITHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION President: Tina Green, 188 Imperial Avenue, Westport, CT 06880 Vice-President: Kathy Van Der Aue, 762 Mill Hill Road, Southport, CT 06890 Secretary: Denise Jernigan, 618 Hopewell Road, Glastonbury, CT 06073 Treasurer: Fred Schroeder, 215 Lonetown Road, Redding, CT 06896 Assistant Treasurer: Jack Wells, 103 Sheephill Road, Riverside, CT 06878 Chairman Rare Records: Jay Kaplan, 71 Gracey Road, Canton, CT 06019 Board of Directors (terms ending) 2015 2016 2017 Robert Dixon Angela Dimmitt Jan Collins Frank Mantlik Ken Elkins Patrick Comins John Marshall Steve Mayo Jim Dugan Stefan Martin Steve Morytko Lynn Jones Larry Reiter Lisa Wahle Chris Loscalzo Sara Zagorski Paul Wolter Tom Robben

2014 Connecticut Summer Bird Count Joe Zeranski and Patrick Comins...... 117 Connecticut Field Notes Greg Hanisek...... 150 Photo Challenge

Mark Szantyr ...... 163